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Zhang C, de Pasquale S, Hartman K, Stanley CE, Berendsen RL, van der Heijden MGA. The microbial contribution to litter decomposition and plant growth. Environ Microbiol Rep 2024; 16:e13205. [PMID: 38018445 PMCID: PMC10866077 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Soil and plant roots are colonized by highly complex and diverse communities of microbes. It has been proposed that bacteria and fungi have synergistic effects on litter decomposition, but experimental evidence supporting this claim is weak. In this study, we manipulated the composition of two microbial kingdoms (Bacteria and Fungi) in experimental microcosms. In microcosms that were inoculated with fungi, litter loss was 47% higher than in microcosms that were not inoculated or only inoculated with bacteria. Combined inoculation with both bacteria and fungi did not significantly enhance decomposition compared with the fungi-only treatments, and, as such, we found no evidence for complementary effects using our experimental setup. Inoculation with fungi also had a positive impact on plant growth after 4 and 8 weeks (480% and 710% growth stimulation, respectively). After 16 weeks, plant biomass was highest in microcosms where both bacteria and fungi were present pointing to fungal-bacterial complementarity in stimulating plant growth. Overall, this study suggests that fungi are the main decomposers of plant litter and that the inoculated fungi contribute to plant growth in our experimental system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfeng Zhang
- Plant‐Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Faculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands
- Plant Soil InteractionsDivision Agroecology and Environment, AgroscopeZürichSwitzerland
| | - Simone de Pasquale
- Plant Soil InteractionsDivision Agroecology and Environment, AgroscopeZürichSwitzerland
| | - Kyle Hartman
- Plant Soil InteractionsDivision Agroecology and Environment, AgroscopeZürichSwitzerland
| | - Claire E. Stanley
- Plant Soil InteractionsDivision Agroecology and Environment, AgroscopeZürichSwitzerland
| | - Roeland L. Berendsen
- Plant‐Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Faculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Marcel G. A. van der Heijden
- Plant‐Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Faculty of ScienceUtrecht UniversityUtrechtthe Netherlands
- Plant Soil InteractionsDivision Agroecology and Environment, AgroscopeZürichSwitzerland
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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2
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Bender SF, Schulz S, Martínez-Cuesta R, Laughlin RJ, Kublik S, Pfeiffer-Zakharova K, Vestergaard G, Hartman K, Parladé E, Römbke J, Watson CJ, Schloter M, van der Heijden MGA. Simplification of soil biota communities impairs nutrient recycling and enhances above- and belowground nitrogen losses. New Phytol 2023; 240:2020-2034. [PMID: 37700504 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is a major source of nutrient pollution, posing a threat to the earth system functioning. Factors determining the nutrient use efficiency of plant-soil systems need to be identified to develop strategies to reduce nutrient losses while ensuring crop productivity. The potential of soil biota to tighten nutrient cycles by improving plant nutrition and reducing soil nutrient losses is still poorly understood. We manipulated soil biota communities in outdoor lysimeters, planted maize, continuously collected leachates, and measured N2 O- and N2 -gas emissions after a fertilization pulse to test whether differences in soil biota communities affected nutrient recycling and N losses. Lysimeters with strongly simplified soil biota communities showed reduced crop N (-20%) and P (-58%) uptake, strongly increased N leaching losses (+65%), and gaseous emissions (+97%) of N2 O and N2 . Soil metagenomic analyses revealed differences in the abundance of genes responsible for nutrient uptake, nitrate reduction, and denitrification that helped explain the observed nutrient losses. Soil biota are major drivers of nutrient cycling and reductions in the diversity or abundance of certain groups (e.g. through land-use intensification) can disrupt nutrient cycling, reduce agricultural productivity and nutrient use efficiency, and exacerbate environmental pollution and global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Franz Bender
- Plant Soil Interactions, Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Schulz
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis (COMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rubén Martínez-Cuesta
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis (COMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, Chair for Environmental Microbiology, Emil-Ramann-Straße 2, D-85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Ronald J Laughlin
- Agri-Environment Branch, Agri-Food & Biosciences Institute, Belfast, BT9 5PX, UK
| | - Susanne Kublik
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis (COMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kristina Pfeiffer-Zakharova
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis (COMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gisle Vestergaard
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis (COMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Section for Bioinformatics, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kyle Hartman
- Plant Soil Interactions, Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eloi Parladé
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jörg Römbke
- ECT Ökotoxikologie GmbH, Böttgerstr. 2-14, D-65439, Flörsheim, Germany
| | - Catherine J Watson
- Agri-Environment Branch, Agri-Food & Biosciences Institute, Belfast, BT9 5PX, UK
| | - Michael Schloter
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis (COMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, Chair for Environmental Microbiology, Emil-Ramann-Straße 2, D-85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Marcel G A van der Heijden
- Plant Soil Interactions, Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008, Zürich, Switzerland
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3
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Hull ML, Stuckey B, Hartman K, Zack N, Thurman A, Friend DR. Safety and acceptability of intravaginal rings releasing estradiol and progesterone. Climacteric 2023; 26:465-471. [PMID: 37054722 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2023.2194526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the safety and acceptability of two fixed-dose 28-day vaginal ring formulations of 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) to treat vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and the genitourinary syndrome of menopause. DESIGN DARE HRT1-001 was the first-in-woman study of 28-day exposure to two 28-day intravaginal rings (IVRs) designed to release 80 µg/day E2 + 4 mg/day P4 (IVR1) or 160 µg/day E2 + 8 mg/day P4 (IVR2) compared with oral E2 1 mg/day + oral P4 100 mg/day. To assess safety, participants completed a daily diary to record treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs). To determine acceptability, at the end of treatment IVR users completed a questionnaire assessing tolerability and usability. RESULTS Enrolled women (n = 34) were randomized to use IVR1 (n = 10), IVR2 (n = 12) or oral (n = 12). Thirty-one participants (IVR1 = 10, IVR2 = 10, oral = 11) completed the study. The TEAE profile of those in the IVR groups were similar to the referent oral regimen. TEAEs related to the study product were more common with IVR2 use. Endometrial biopsies were not performed unless endometrial thickness was >4 mm or for clinically significant postmenopausal bleeding. One IVR1 participant had an endometrial stripe increase from 4 mm at screening to 8 mm at the end of treatment. The biopsy indicated no evidence of plasma cells or endometritis and no evidence of atypia, hyperplasia or malignancy. Two other endometrial biopsies were performed for postmenopausal bleeding with similar findings. There were no clinically meaningful laboratory or vital sign abnormalities or trends identified in observed values or changes from baseline. Pelvic speculum examination identified no clinically significant abnormalities in any participant at any visit. Tolerability and usability data demonstrated that both IVRs were generally highly acceptable. CONCLUSIONS Both IVR1 and IVR2 were safe and well tolerated in healthy postmenopausal women. TEAE profiles were comparable to the referent oral regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Hull
- PARC Clinical Research and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - B Stuckey
- Keogh Institute for Medical Research, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - K Hartman
- Daré Bioscience, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - N Zack
- Daré Bioscience, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
- Celcuity, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A Thurman
- Daré Bioscience, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - D R Friend
- Daré Bioscience, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
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Hartman K, Schmid MW, Bodenhausen N, Bender SF, Valzano-Held AY, Schlaeppi K, van der Heijden MGA. A symbiotic footprint in the plant root microbiome. Environ Microbiome 2023; 18:65. [PMID: 37525294 PMCID: PMC10391997 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-023-00521-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major aim in plant microbiome research is determining the drivers of plant-associated microbial communities. While soil characteristics and host plant identity present key drivers of root microbiome composition, it is still unresolved whether the presence or absence of important plant root symbionts also determines overall microbiome composition. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and N-fixing rhizobia bacteria are widespread, beneficial root symbionts that significantly enhance plant nutrition, plant health, and root structure. Thus, we hypothesized that symbiont types define the root microbiome structure. RESULTS We grew 17 plant species from five families differing in their symbiotic associations (no symbioses, AMF only, rhizobia only, or AMF and rhizobia) in a greenhouse and used bacterial and fungal amplicon sequencing to characterize their root microbiomes. Although plant phylogeny and species identity were the most important factors determining root microbiome composition, we discovered that the type of symbioses also presented a significant driver of diversity and community composition. We found consistent responses of bacterial phyla, including members of the Acidobacteria, Chlamydiae, Firmicutes, and Verrucomicrobia, to the presence or absence of AMF and rhizobia and identified communities of OTUs specifically enriched in the different symbiotic groups. A total of 80, 75 and 57 bacterial OTUs were specific for plant species without symbiosis, plant species forming associations with AMF or plant species associating with both AMF and rhizobia, respectively. Similarly, 9, 14 and 4 fungal OTUs were specific for these plant symbiont groups. Importantly, these generic symbiosis footprints in microbial community composition were also apparent in absence of the primary symbionts. CONCLUSION Our results reveal that symbiotic associations of the host plant leaves an imprint on the wider root microbiome - which we term the symbiotype. These findings suggest the existence of a fundamental assembly principle of root microbiomes, dependent on the symbiotic associations of the host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Hartman
- Department of Agroecology and Environment, Plant Soil Interactions, Reckenholzstrasse 191, Agroscope, Zürich, 8046, Switzerland
| | | | - Natacha Bodenhausen
- Department of Agroecology and Environment, Plant Soil Interactions, Reckenholzstrasse 191, Agroscope, Zürich, 8046, Switzerland
- Department of Soil Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, 5070, Switzerland
| | - S Franz Bender
- Department of Agroecology and Environment, Plant Soil Interactions, Reckenholzstrasse 191, Agroscope, Zürich, 8046, Switzerland
| | - Alain Y Valzano-Held
- Department of Agroecology and Environment, Plant Soil Interactions, Reckenholzstrasse 191, Agroscope, Zürich, 8046, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Schlaeppi
- Department of Agroecology and Environment, Plant Soil Interactions, Reckenholzstrasse 191, Agroscope, Zürich, 8046, Switzerland.
- Plant Microbe Interactions, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, 4056, Switzerland.
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Bern, Bern, 3013, Switzerland.
| | - Marcel G A van der Heijden
- Department of Agroecology and Environment, Plant Soil Interactions, Reckenholzstrasse 191, Agroscope, Zürich, 8046, Switzerland.
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, 8008, Switzerland.
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Romero F, Hilfiker S, Edlinger A, Held A, Hartman K, Labouyrie M, van der Heijden MGA. Soil microbial biodiversity promotes crop productivity and agro-ecosystem functioning in experimental microcosms. Sci Total Environ 2023; 885:163683. [PMID: 37142020 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Soil biota contribute substantially to multiple ecosystem functions that are key for geochemical cycles and plant performance. However, soil biodiversity is currently threatened by land-use intensification, and a mechanistic understanding of how soil biodiversity loss interacts with the myriad of intensification elements (e.g., the application of chemical fertilizers) is still unresolved. Here we experimentally simplified soil biological communities in microcosms to test whether changes in the soil microbiome influenced soil multifunctionality including crop productivity (leek, Allium porrum). Additionally, half of microcosms were fertilized to further explore how different levels of soil biodiversity interact with nutrient additions. Our experimental manipulation achieved a significant reduction of soil alpha-diversity (45.9 % reduction in bacterial richness, 82.9 % reduction in eukaryote richness) and resulted in the complete removal of key taxa (i.e., arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi). Soil community simplification led to an overall decrease in ecosystem multifunctionality; particularly, plant productivity and soil nutrient retention capacity were reduced with reduced levels of soil biodiversity. Ecosystem multifunctionality was positively correlated with soil biodiversity (R = 0.79). Mineral fertilizer application had little effect on multifunctionality compared to soil biodiversity reduction, but it reduced leek nitrogen uptake from decomposing litter by 38.8 %. This suggests that natural processes and organic nitrogen acquisition are impaired by fertilization. Random forest analyses revealed a few members of protists (i.e., Paraflabellula), Actinobacteria (i.e., Micolunatus), and Firmicutes (i.e., Bacillus) as indicators of ecosystem multifunctionality. Our results suggest that preserving the diversity of soil bacterial and eukaryotic communities within agroecosystems is crucial to ensure the provisioning of multiple ecosystem functions, particularly those directly related to essential ecosystem services such as food provision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Romero
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Sarah Hilfiker
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Edlinger
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alain Held
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kyle Hartman
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maëva Labouyrie
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland; European Commission, Joint Research Centre Ispra (JRC Ispra), Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Marcel G A van der Heijden
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Flaws M, Hartman K, Geurkink C, Mullins D, Ha K, Zinni JG, Pahomi A. Replicated Adsorption Technique used to Resolve ALX148 Interference in the Immunohematology Reference Laboratory. Am J Clin Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqac126.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Increased expression of CD47 by cancer cells inhibits macrophages' phagocytic activity through CD47-SIRPα interactions, allowing evasion of the innate immune system. Several drugs on the market have been developed to target this interaction, including monoclonal therapeutics and fusion proteins. ALX148 is a genetically engineered SIRPα fusion protein with an inactivated Fc portion. CD47 is expressed highly on red blood cells (RBC), resulting in strong interference in pre-transfusion compatibility testing of patients receiving ALX148. Consequently, trial patients are at increased risk of transfusion-related adverse events or delay of needed transfusion. Few resolutions of ALX148 interference to assess underlying alloantibody development have been reported. One such examiniation demonstrated x6 linear papain-treated RBC adsorptions removed ALX148 interference. This study aimed to replicate these findings.
Methods/Case Report
Three patients receiving combination ALX148 (dose 6.57-20mg/mL) and Azacitidine therapy with broad-reactive RBC antibody reactivity were selected. High volume alloadsorptions (8:1 RBC:plasma) were performed with papain-treated rr (ccdee) RBCs. Adsorptions were incubated at 37C for 10 minutes. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was utilized in test tube indirect antiglobulin testing (IAT).
Results (if a Case Study enter NA)
Initial reactivity strength was 3-4+ at PEG-IAT and saline-IAT with a three-cell screening RBC reagent. Alloadsorbed plasma was non-reactive at IAT with a three-cell screening RBC reagent enhanced by PEG. Drug interference was removed following three times high volume papain-treated alloadsorption.
Conclusion
Cancer immunotherapies have transformed the standard of care in oncology. Despite the evident clinical success, the medical laboratory has been challenged with adapting to cancer drug therapies capable of causing interference in routine laboratory testing. Clinical trials of ALX148 are associated with interference in pre-transfusion compatibility testing. The use of extended phenotype matching for RBC transfusion can be utilized but incurs additional time and resources. These results suggest high volume linear papain RBC alloadsorptions may be incorporated into antibody resolution for patients receiving ALX148.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Flaws
- Medical Laboratory Science, Rush University , Chicago, Illinois , United States
| | - K Hartman
- Blood Bank, Northwestern Memorial Hospital , Chicago, Illinois , United States
| | - C Geurkink
- Versiti IL , Aurora, Illinois , United States
| | - D Mullins
- Versiti IL , Aurora, Illinois , United States
| | - K Ha
- Versiti IL , Aurora, Illinois , United States
| | - J G Zinni
- Versiti IL , Aurora, Illinois , United States
| | - A Pahomi
- Versiti IL , Aurora, Illinois , United States
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Wittwer RA, Bender SF, Hartman K, Hydbom S, Lima RAA, Loaiza V, Nemecek T, Oehl F, Olsson PA, Petchey O, Prechsl UE, Schlaeppi K, Scholten T, Seitz S, Six J, van der Heijden MGA. Organic and conservation agriculture promote ecosystem multifunctionality. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabg6995. [PMID: 34417179 PMCID: PMC8378818 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg6995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ecosystems provide multiple services to humans. However, agricultural systems are usually evaluated on their productivity and economic performance, and a systematic and quantitative assessment of the multifunctionality of agroecosystems including environmental services is missing. Using a long-term farming system experiment, we evaluated and compared the agronomic, economic, and ecological performance of the most widespread arable cropping systems in Europe: organic, conservation, and conventional agriculture. We analyzed 43 agroecosystem properties and determined overall agroecosystem multifunctionality. We show that organic and conservation agriculture promoted ecosystem multifunctionality, especially by enhancing regulating and supporting services, including biodiversity preservation, soil and water quality, and climate mitigation. In contrast, conventional cropping showed reduced multifunctionality but delivered highest yield. Organic production resulted in higher economic performance, thanks to higher product prices and additional support payments. Our results demonstrate that different cropping systems provide opposing services, enforcing the productivity-environmental protection dilemma for agroecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël A Wittwer
- Agroscope, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Plant-Soil-Interactions, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikersrasse 107, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S Franz Bender
- Agroscope, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Plant-Soil-Interactions, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikersrasse 107, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kyle Hartman
- Agroscope, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Plant-Soil-Interactions, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sofia Hydbom
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ruy A A Lima
- Agroscope, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Plant-Soil-Interactions, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Viviana Loaiza
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Nemecek
- Agroscope, Research Division Competitiveness and System Evaluation, Life Cycle Assessment, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fritz Oehl
- Agroscope, Competence Division for Plants and Plant Products, Ecotoxicology, Müller-Thurgau-Strasse 29, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Pål Axel Olsson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Owen Petchey
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Klaus Schlaeppi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 32, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Bern, Institute of Plant Sciences, Altenbergrain 21, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Scholten
- Soil Science and Geomorphology, Institute of Geography, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstrasse 19-23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Steffen Seitz
- Soil Science and Geomorphology, Institute of Geography, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstrasse 19-23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johan Six
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH-Zürich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marcel G A van der Heijden
- Agroscope, Research Division Agroecology and Environment, Plant-Soil-Interactions, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland.
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikersrasse 107, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
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8
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Chiniquy D, Barnes EM, Zhou J, Hartman K, Li X, Sheflin A, Pella A, Marsh E, Prenni J, Deutschbauer AM, Schachtman DP, Tringe SG. Microbial Community Field Surveys Reveal Abundant Pseudomonas Population in Sorghum Rhizosphere Composed of Many Closely Related Phylotypes. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:598180. [PMID: 33767674 PMCID: PMC7985074 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.598180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While the root-associated microbiome is typically less diverse than the surrounding soil due to both plant selection and microbial competition for plant derived resources, it typically retains considerable complexity, harboring many hundreds of distinct bacterial species. Here, we report a time-dependent deviation from this trend in the rhizospheres of field grown sorghum. In this study, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was used to determine the impact of nitrogen fertilization on the development of the root-associated microbiomes of 10 sorghum genotypes grown in eastern Nebraska. We observed that early rhizosphere samples exhibit a significant reduction in overall diversity due to a high abundance of the bacterial genus Pseudomonas that occurred independent of host genotype in both high and low nitrogen fields and was not observed in the surrounding soil or associated root endosphere samples. When clustered at 97% identity, nearly all the Pseudomonas reads in this dataset were assigned to a single operational taxonomic unit (OTU); however, exact sequence variant (ESV)-level resolution demonstrated that this population comprised a large number of distinct Pseudomonas lineages. Furthermore, single-molecule long-read sequencing enabled high-resolution taxonomic profiling revealing further heterogeneity in the Pseudomonas lineages that was further confirmed using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Finally, field soil enriched with specific carbon compounds recapitulated the increase in Pseudomonas, suggesting a possible connection between the enrichment of these Pseudomonas species and a plant-driven exudate profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Chiniquy
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA, United States.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Department of Energy, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Elle M Barnes
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Jinglie Zhou
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Kyle Hartman
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA, United States.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Department of Energy, Berkeley, CA, United States.,Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.,Department of Agronomy and Horticulture and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Amy Sheflin
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Allyn Pella
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Ellen Marsh
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Jessica Prenni
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Adam M Deutschbauer
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Daniel P Schachtman
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Susannah G Tringe
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA, United States.,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Department of Energy, Berkeley, CA, United States
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Hartman K, van der Heijden MGA, Wittwer RA, Banerjee S, Walser JC, Schlaeppi K. Correction to: Cropping practices manipulate abundance patterns of root and soil microbiome members paving the way to smart farming. Microbiome 2020; 8:66. [PMID: 32418544 PMCID: PMC7232831 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-020-00855-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Hartman
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcel G A van der Heijden
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Raphaël A Wittwer
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samiran Banerjee
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Klaus Schlaeppi
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Hartman K, Tringe SG. Interactions between plants and soil shaping the root microbiome under abiotic stress. Biochem J 2019; 476:2705-2724. [PMID: 31654057 PMCID: PMC6792034 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Plants growing in soil develop close associations with soil microorganisms, which inhabit the areas around, on, and inside their roots. These microbial communities and their associated genes - collectively termed the root microbiome - are diverse and have been shown to play an important role in conferring abiotic stress tolerance to their plant hosts. In light of growing concerns over the threat of water and nutrient stress facing terrestrial ecosystems, especially those used for agricultural production, increased emphasis has been placed on understanding how abiotic stress conditions influence the composition and functioning of the root microbiome and the ultimate consequences for plant health. However, the composition of the root microbiome under abiotic stress conditions will not only reflect shifts in the greater bulk soil microbial community from which plants recruit their root microbiome but also plant responses to abiotic stress, which include changes in root exudate profiles and morphology. Exploring the relative contributions of these direct and plant-mediated effects on the root microbiome has been the focus of many studies in recent years. Here, we review the impacts of abiotic stress affecting terrestrial ecosystems, specifically flooding, drought, and changes in nitrogen and phosphorus availability, on bulk soil microbial communities and plants that interact to ultimately shape the root microbiome. We conclude with a perspective outlining possible directions for future research needed to advance our understanding of the complex molecular and biochemical interactions between soil, plants, and microbes that ultimately determine the composition of the root microbiome under abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Hartman
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, U.S.A
| | - Susannah G. Tringe
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, U.S.A
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A
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Hartman K, van der Heijden MGA, Wittwer RA, Banerjee S, Walser JC, Schlaeppi K. Correction to: Cropping practices manipulate abundance patterns of root and soil microbiome members paving the way to smart farming. Microbiome 2018; 6:74. [PMID: 29690923 PMCID: PMC5913793 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0456-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported that while the ordination graphs are all correct, the symbols in the legend are wrong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Hartman
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcel G A van der Heijden
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Raphaël A Wittwer
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samiran Banerjee
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Klaus Schlaeppi
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Hartman K, van der Heijden MGA, Wittwer RA, Banerjee S, Walser JC, Schlaeppi K. Cropping practices manipulate abundance patterns of root and soil microbiome members paving the way to smart farming. Microbiome 2018; 6:14. [PMID: 29338764 PMCID: PMC5771023 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-017-0389-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Harnessing beneficial microbes presents a promising strategy to optimize plant growth and agricultural sustainability. Little is known to which extent and how specifically soil and plant microbiomes can be manipulated through different cropping practices. Here, we investigated soil and wheat root microbial communities in a cropping system experiment consisting of conventional and organic managements, both with different tillage intensities. RESULTS While microbial richness was marginally affected, we found pronounced cropping effects on community composition, which were specific for the respective microbiomes. Soil bacterial communities were primarily structured by tillage, whereas soil fungal communities responded mainly to management type with additional effects by tillage. In roots, management type was also the driving factor for bacteria but not for fungi, which were generally determined by changes in tillage intensity. To quantify an "effect size" for microbiota manipulation, we found that about 10% of variation in microbial communities was explained by the tested cropping practices. Cropping sensitive microbes were taxonomically diverse, and they responded in guilds of taxa to the specific practices. These microbes also included frequent community members or members co-occurring with many other microbes in the community, suggesting that cropping practices may allow manipulation of influential community members. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the abundance patterns of cropping sensitive microbes presents the basis towards developing microbiota management strategies for smart farming. For future targeted microbiota management-e.g., to foster certain microbes with specific agricultural practices-a next step will be to identify the functional traits of the cropping sensitive microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Hartman
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcel G. A. van der Heijden
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Raphaël A. Wittwer
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samiran Banerjee
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Klaus Schlaeppi
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
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Hartman K, van der Heijden MG, Roussely-Provent V, Walser JC, Schlaeppi K. Deciphering composition and function of the root microbiome of a legume plant. Microbiome 2017; 5:2. [PMID: 28095877 PMCID: PMC5240445 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-016-0220-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diverse assemblages of microbes colonize plant roots and collectively function as a microbiome. Earlier work has characterized the root microbiomes of numerous plant species, but little information is available for legumes despite their key role in numerous ecosystems including agricultural systems. Legumes form a root nodule symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing Rhizobia bacteria and thereby account for large, natural nitrogen inputs into soils. Here, we describe the root bacteria microbiome of the legume Trifolium pratense combining culture-dependent and independent methods. For a functional understanding of individual microbiome members and their impact on plant growth, we began to inoculate root microbiome members alone or in combination to Trifolium roots. RESULTS At a whole-root scale, Rhizobia bacteria accounted for ~70% of the root microbiome. Other enriched members included bacteria from the genera Pantoea, Sphingomonas, Novosphingobium, and Pelomonas. We built a reference stock of 200 bacteria isolates, and we found that they corresponded to ~20% of the abundant root microbiome members. We developed a microcosm system to conduct simplified microbiota inoculation experiments with plants. We observed that while an abundant root microbiome member reduced plant growth when inoculated alone, this negative effect was alleviated if this Flavobacterium was co-inoculated with other root microbiome members. CONCLUSIONS The Trifolium root microbiome was dominated by nutrient-providing Rhizobia bacteria and enriched for bacteria from genera that may provide disease protection. First microbiota inoculation experiments indicated that individual community members can have plant growth compromising activities without being apparently pathogenic, and a more diverse root community can alleviate plant growth compromising activities of its individual members. A trait-based characterization of the reference stock bacteria will permit future microbiota manipulation experiments to decipher overall microbiome functioning and elucidate the biological mechanisms and interactions driving the observed effects. The presented reductionist experimental approach offers countless opportunities for future systematic and functional examinations of the plant root microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Hartman
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Agroscope, Institute for Sustainability Sciences, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department for Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Ga van der Heijden
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Agroscope, Institute for Sustainability Sciences, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department for Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Klaus Schlaeppi
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Agroscope, Institute for Sustainability Sciences, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Lazić P, Armiento R, Herbert FW, Chakraborty R, Sun R, Chan MKY, Hartman K, Buonassisi T, Yildiz B, Ceder G. Low intensity conduction states in FeS2: implications for absorption, open-circuit voltage and surface recombination. J Phys Condens Matter 2013; 25:465801. [PMID: 24141033 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/46/465801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Pyrite (FeS2), being a promising material for future solar technologies, has so far exhibited in experiments an open-circuit voltage (OCV) of around 0.2 V, which is much lower than the frequently quoted 'accepted' value for the fundamental bandgap of ∼0.95 eV. Absorption experiments show large subgap absorption, commonly attributed to defects or structural disorder. However, computations using density functional theory with a semi-local functional predict that the bottom of the conduction band consists of a very low intensity sulfur p-band that may be easily overlooked in experiments because of the high intensity onset that appears 0.5 eV higher in energy. The intensity of absorption into the sulfur p-band is found to be of the same magnitude as contributions from defects and disorder. Our findings suggest the need to re-examine the value of the fundamental bandgap of pyrite presently in use in the literature. If the contribution from the p-band has so far been overlooked, the substantially lowered bandgap would partly explain the discrepancy with the OCV. Furthermore, we show that more states appear on the surface within the low energy sulfur p-band, which suggests a mechanism of thermalization into those states that would further prevent extracting electrons at higher energy levels through the surface. Finally, we speculate on whether misidentified states at the conduction band onset may be present in other materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lazić
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Chan B, Hassan A, Hartman K, Hartman K, Ananta J, Ananta J, Mackeyev Y, Hu L, Pautler R, Wilson L, Wilson L, Lee A. Utilization of Serine-Derivatized Gadonanotubes as Magnetic Nanoprobes for Intracellular Labeling of MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-5005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The use of contrast agent enhances the image and gives a more accurate diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, safety of the patients with renal dysfunction raised the concern of increase in use. Comparing to the current clinical contrast agent gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA or Magnevist®), gadolinium-filled ultra-short carbon nanotubes (GNs) showed superior relaxivity. At different magnetic fields, GN increased relaxivity by 40-, 4.6- and 1.6-fold at magnetic fields of 1.5, 7 and 9.4T, respectively. More importantly, GN showed the ability in internalization that Gd-DTPA lacks. GN entered MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and allowed imaging of the cells by MRI. Detectable amount of gadolinium was found only in GN-treated MCF-7 cells by ICP-OES analysis. MRI of the kidney and liver showed GN was more dispersed suggesting that GN may be able to enter the interstitial space while Gd-DTPA was remained in the vasculature. Taken together, we found GN may be developed as a better contrast agent for MRI.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 5005.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Chan
- 1Baylor College of Medicine, TX,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - L. Hu
- 4Baylor College of Medicine, TX,
| | | | | | | | - A. Lee
- 1Baylor College of Medicine, TX,
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Berger CT, Carlson J, Brumme CJ, Brumme ZL, Hartman K, Henry LM, Kadie C, Brockman MA, Harrigan R, Heckerman D, Brander C. P16-41. Evidence for in vivo immune selection pressure exerted by HLA class I restricted CTL responses to anti-sense encoded HIV sequences. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767771 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Hattis D, Chu M, Rahmioglu N, Goble R, Verma P, Hartman K, Kozlak M. A preliminary operational classification system for nonmutagenic modes of action for carcinogenesis. Crit Rev Toxicol 2009; 39:97-138. [PMID: 19009457 DOI: 10.1080/10408440802307467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This article proposes a system of categories for nonmutagenic modes of action for carcinogenesis. The classification is of modes of action rather than individual carcinogens, because the same compound can affect carcinogenesis in more than one way. Basically, we categorize modes of action as: (1) co-initiation (facilitating the original mutagenic changes in stem and progenitor cells that start the cancer process) (e.g. induction of activating enzymes for other carcinogens); (2) promotion (enhancing the relative growth vs differentiation/death of initiated clones (e.g. inhibition of growth-suppressing cell-cell communication); (3) progression (enhancing the growth, malignancy, or spread of already developed tumors) (e.g. suppression of immune surveillance, hormonally mediated growth stimulation for tumors with appropriate receptors by estrogens); and (4) multiphase (e.g., "epigenetic" silencing of tumor suppressor genes). A priori, agents that act at relatively early stages in the process are expected to manifest greater relative susceptibility in early life, whereas agents that act via later stage modes will tend to show greater susceptibility for exposures later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hattis
- George Perkins Marsh Institute, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Yu M, Hall JE, Hartman K, Caparelli E, Smyth E, Czech J, O'Gorman M. A novel human leukocyte antigen-A*01 allele, A*010104, identified by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing in a Caucasian hematopoietic stem cell donor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 68:263. [PMID: 16948651 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00642.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Yu
- HLA and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
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Hochberg EP, Chillemi AC, Wu CJ, Neuberg D, Canning C, Hartman K, Alyea EP, Soiffer RJ, Kalams SA, Ritz J. Quantitation of T-cell neogenesis in vivo after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in adults. Blood 2001; 98:1116-21. [PMID: 11493459 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v98.4.1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Following myeloablative therapy, it is unknown to what extent age-dependent thymic involution limits the generation of new T cells with a diverse repertoire. Normal T-cell receptor gene rearrangement in T-cell progenitors results in the generation of T-cell receptor rearrangement excision circles (TRECs). In this study, a quantitative assay for TRECs was used to measure T-cell neogenesis in adult patients with leukemia who received myeloablative therapy followed by transplantation of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells. Although phenotypically mature T cells had recovered by 1 to 2 months after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), TREC levels remained low for 3 months after BMT. T-cell neogenesis became evident by 6 months, and normal levels of adult thymic function were restored at 6 to 12 months after BMT. Subsequent leukemia relapse in some patients was associated with reduced TREC levels, but infusion of mature donor CD4(+) T cells resulted in rapid restoration of thymic function. These studies demonstrate that T-cell neogenesis contributes to immune reconstitution in adult patients and suggest that thymic function can be manipulated in vivo. (Blood. 2001;98:1116-1121)
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Affiliation(s)
- E P Hochberg
- Disease Center for Hematologic Oncology, Department of Adult Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
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Reid TJ, Snider R, Hartman K, Greilich PE, Carr ME, Alving BM. A method for the quantitative assessment of platelet-induced clot retraction and clot strength in fresh and stored platelets. Vox Sang 2000; 75:270-7. [PMID: 9873262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The changes that occur in platelets as they undergo storage have been documented by aggregometry as well as by flow cytometry. However, one of the most essential platelet functions, the induction of clot retraction, has not been quantitatively assessed in stored platelets. We describe two potentially useful methods, platelet-induced clot retraction and clot strength, to assess effect of storage of platelets in blood banks or of platelet preparations subjected to freezing or freeze-drying. These methods have previously been developed for bedside monitoring of patients receiving c7E3 (Reopro(R)). MATERIALS AND METHODS Platelet-induced clot retraction (PICR) and clot strength were measured with the Hemodyne and Thromboelastograph, respectively. Paired Study: Fresh platelet concentrates (n = 3) were obtained from leukapheresis donors and divided into two equal units; one unit was tested within 4 h of collection and the other stored for 5 days at 22 degrees C in a platelet incubator and tested. Unpaired Study: Fresh platelet concentrates (n = 15) were obtained from leukapheresis donors and tested within 4 h of collection and compared to outdated platelets (n = 30; random or single donor) that had been stored for 5 days at 22 degrees C in a platelet incubator. Alternative Preservation Methods: Lyophilized platelets, platelets chilled to 4 degrees C, platelets frozen at -70 degrees C in 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or in the absence of a cryoprotectant. RESULTS Paired Study: Stored platelets demonstrated an increase in PICR; the difference was not significant (p = 0.55). There was no difference in clot strength between fresh and outdated platelets (p = 0.90). Unpaired Study: When compared to fresh platelets, stored platelets demonstrated a 2-fold higher PICR (p = 0.0011). On the other hand, there was no difference in the time to onset of PICR (p = 0.08) and there was no difference in clot strength between fresh and outdated platelets (p = 0.14). Alternate Preservation Methods: In contrast, PICR and clot strength were reduced in platelets frozen at -70 degrees C in 5% DMSO and absent in lyophilized platelets, in platelets frozen at -70 degrees C in the absence of cryoprotectants or stored at 4 degrees C. CONCLUSION The data indicate that the ability of platelets to induce clot retraction and to enhance clot strength is not altered by storage, despite functional abnormalities in aggregation and agglutination. These data suggest that quantitative measurements of PICR and clot strength may be simple, useful tools for assessing the function of stored platelet concentrates, platelets that have undergone freezing or exposure to alternative buffers and for evaluating platelet functions relevant to PICR.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Reid
- Department of Hematology and Vascular Biology, Division of Medicine, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research and Department of Anesthesia, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20307-5100, USA.
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Ambrose D, Arroyo C, Bachman M, Connor D, Eckhause M, Graessle S, Hancock AD, Hartman K, Hebert M, Hoff CH, Hoffmann GW, Irwin GM, Kane JR, Kanematsu N, Kuang Y, Lang K, Lee R, Martin RD, McDonough J, Milder A, Molzon WR, Pommot-Maia M, Riley PJ, Ritchie JL, Rubin PD, Vassilakopoulos VI. Improved branching ratio measurement for the decay K(0)(L) --> &mgr;(+)&mgr;(-). Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:1389-1392. [PMID: 11017525 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.1389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report results from Experiment 871, performed at the BNL AGS, of a measurement of the branching ratio K(0)(L)-->&mgr;(+)&mgr;(-) with respect to the CP-violating mode K(0)(L)-->pi(+)pi(-). This experiment detected over 6200 candidate &mgr;(+)&mgr;(-) events, a factor of 6 more than that seen in all previous measurements combined. The resulting branching ratio gamma(K(0)(L)-->&mgr;(+)&mgr;(-))/gamma(K(0)(L)-->pi(+)pi(-)) = (3. 474+/-0.057)x10(-6) leads to a branching fraction B(K(0)(L)-->&mgr;(+)&mgr;(-)) = (7.18+/-0.17)x10(-9), which is consistent with the current world average, and reduces the uncertainty in this decay mode by a factor of 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ambrose
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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Lewis LA, Gipson M, Hartman K, Ownbey T, Vaughn J, Dyer DW. Phase variation of HpuAB and HmbR, two distinct haemoglobin receptors of Neisseria meningitidis DNM2. Mol Microbiol 1999; 32:977-89. [PMID: 10361300 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01409.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We have previously described HpuAB, a two-component receptor that mediates binding to haemoglobin (Hb), haemoglobin-haptoglobin (Hb-Hp) and apo-haptoglobin (Hp). In this communication, we constructed non-polar mutations in the hpuA and hpuB loci to examine the individual roles of HpuA and HpuB. Our results indicate that both HpuA and HpuB are required for the acquisition of Fe from Hb and Hb-Hp. We isolated Hb utilization-positive (Hb+) variants of our Hb utilization-negative (Hb-) hpu mutants at a frequency of 10(-3) and demonstrated that the Hb+ phenotype resulted from the expression of a second Hb receptor, HmbR. Expression of HmbR in DNM2 was found to be controlled by translational frameshifting involving a polyguanine (G) tract located within the hmbR locus. The hpuA locus also contains a poly(G) tract, which suggested that meningococci could phase vary each Hb receptor independently by slip-strand mispairing in the poly(G) tracts found in hpuA and hmbR. Thus, we isolated a naturally occurring Hb- variant of DNM2, designated DNM2 Hb-, which did not express either HpuAB or HmbR. Hb+ variants of DNM2Hb- were selected and examined for HpuAB and HmbR expression. In each instance, acquisition of HpuAB or HmbR expression was correlated with phase variation in the poly(G) tract of each Hb receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Lewis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1053 BMSB, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73190, USA.
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Reid TJ, Snider R, Hartman K, Greilich PE, Carr ME, Alving BM. A Method for the Quantitative Assessment of Platelet-Induced Clot Retraction and Clot Strength in Fresh and Stored Platelets. Vox Sang 1998. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1423-0410.1998.7540270.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lewis LA, Sung MH, Gipson M, Hartman K, Dyer DW. Transport of intact porphyrin by HpuAB, the hemoglobin-haptoglobin utilization system of Neisseria meningitidis. J Bacteriol 1998; 180:6043-7. [PMID: 9811666 PMCID: PMC107682 DOI: 10.1128/jb.180.22.6043-6047.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The meningococcal hemA gene was cloned and used to construct a porphyrin biosynthesis mutant. An analysis of the hemA mutant indicated that meningococci can transport intact porphyrin from heme (Hm), hemoglobin (Hb), and Hb-haptoglobin (Hp). By constructing a HemA- HpuAB- double mutant, we demonstrated that HpuAB is required for the transport of porphyrin from Hb and Hb-Hp.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Lewis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73103, USA.
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Schweitzer EJ, Yoon S, Hart J, Anderson L, Barnes R, Evans D, Hartman K, Jaekels J, Johnson LB, Kuo PC, Hoehn-Saric E, Klassen DK, Weir MR, Bartlett ST. Increased living donor volunteer rates with a formal recipient family education program. Am J Kidney Dis 1997; 29:739-45. [PMID: 9159309 DOI: 10.1016/s0272-6386(97)90128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We have generally encouraged living donation among our kidney recipients. However, an examination of our clinical practice revealed inconsistencies in the depth and content of information transmitted to kidney recipient families regarding living donation. We therefore initiated a structured education program, including an educational video, to ensure that all recipient families would receive a similar exposure to a standard block of information. After the program had been functioning for over a year, we compared the living donor (LD) volunteer rates between the 3-year period before (BEFORE) and the 18 months after (AFTER) initiation of the formal education program. There were 1,363 patients registered on our kidney transplantation waiting list during the 54-month study period (757 white [56%] and 580 black [43%]). We found that 33.4% of the kidney transplant candidates in the period BEFORE the LD education program had at least one potential LD tissue typed, compared with 39.4% in the period AFTER starting the program (P = 0.03). The increase in the proportion of patients with potential donors was greatest among the black (P < 0.05) and elderly (P < 0.01) registrants, which were the groups with the lowest volunteer rates before the program began. Among the registrants with at least one potential donor, the percentage of registrants who ultimately received an LD transplant was highly correlated with the number of donors (R = 0.98). The rate of LD kidney transplantation was significantly higher (P = 0.02) for the patients referred in the period AFTER initiation of the LD education program compared with the period BEFORE the program. The 1- and 3-year graft survival rates for the 170 LD transplants performed in these patients were 96.9% and 93.2%, respectively. These were significantly better than the corresponding 83.9% and 71.4% rates for the 341 kidney transplants from cadaver donors in these registrants (P < 0.001). Black recipients of LD transplants had graft survival rates comparable to whites; the 3-year graft survival rate for LD transplants was 93.9% in whites and 90.6% in blacks (P = NS). We conclude that living kidney donor volunteer rates can be improved by a formal family education program, especially for subgroups of patients with low volunteer rates. A substantial benefit is derived by black patients, who generally experience low graft survival rates with cadaver-donor kidneys. A local formal LD education program is a useful adjunct to national organ donation campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Schweitzer
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore 21201, USA
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Peyrard M, Pan HQ, Kedra D, Fransson I, Swahn S, Hartman K, Clifton SW, Roe BA, Dumanski JP. Structure of the promoter and genomic organization of the human beta'-adaptin gene (BAM22) from chromosome 22q12. Genomics 1996; 36:112-7. [PMID: 8812422 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1996.0431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Adaptins are major structural components of heterotetrameric protein complexes called adaptors, which are essential in intracellular receptor transport via clathrin-coated vesicles. beta-adaptins constitute one of three known classes (alpha, beta, gamma) of adaptins, including beta and beta' subtypes. We previously cloned the human beta'-adaptin gene (BAM22) (GDB symbol, ADTB1) from chromosome 22q12 and proposed its involvement in the development of meningiomas. Here we describe the genomic organization of this gene, which consists of 22 exons spanning over approximately 100 kb. We also report results from point mutation screening of 7 randomly chosen exons analyzed in 110 sporadic meningiomas. As part of the genomic characterization of the BAM22 locus, we sequenced 40 kb covering exons 1-4 and 12 kb upstream from the start of gene transcription. Analysis of the sequence suggests that the BAM22 gene has a CG-rich promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Peyrard
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, S-171 76, Sweden
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Gribushin A, Abramov V, Antipov Y, Baldin B, Crittenden R, Davis C, Dauwe L, Denisov S, Dyshkant A, Dzierba A, Glebov V, Goldberg H, Jesik R, Koreshev V, Krider J, Krinitsyn A, Li R, Margulies S, Marshall T, Martin J, Mendez H, Petrukhin A, Solomon J, Sirotenko V, Smith P, Sulanke T, Sulyaev R, Vaca F, Zieminski A, Blusk S, Bromberg C, Chang P, Choudhary B, Chung WH, Dlugosz W, Dunlea J, Engels E, Fanourakis G, Ginther G, Hartman K, Huston J, Kapoor V, Lirakis C, Mani S, Mansour J, Maul A, Miller R, Oh BY, Pothier E, Roser R, Shepard P, Skow D, Slattery P, Sorrell L, Toothacker W, Varelas N, Weerasundara D, Whitmore J, Yosef C, Zielinski M. Production of J/ psi and psi (2S) mesons in pi -Be collisions at 515 GeV/c. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1996; 53:4723-4733. [PMID: 10020469 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.53.4723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Jesik R, Abramov V, Antipov Y, Baldin B, Crittenden R, Dauwe L, Davis C, Denisov S, Dyshkant A, Dzierba A, Glebov V, Goldberg H, Gribushin A, Koreshev V, Krider J, Krinitsyn A, Li R, Margulies S, Marshall T, Martin J, Mendez H, Petrukhin A, Sirotenko V, Smith P, Solomon J, Sulanke T, Sulyaev R, Vaca F, Zieminski A, Blusk S, Bromberg C, Chang P, Choudhary B, Chung W, Dlugosz W, Dunlea J, Engels E, Fanourakis G, Ginther G, Hartman K, Huston J, Kapoor V, Lirakis C, Lobkowicz F, Mani S, Mansour J, Maul A, Miller R, Oh B, Pothier E, Roser R, Shepard P, Skow D, Slattery P, Sorrell L, Toothacker W, Varelas N, Weerasundara D, Whitmore J, Yosef C, Zielinski M. Bottom Production in pi --Be Collisions at 515 GeV/c. Phys Rev Lett 1995; 74:495-498. [PMID: 10058772 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.74.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Alverson G, Baker WF, Ballocchi G, Benson R, Berg D, Blusk S, Bromberg C, Brown D, Carey D, Chand T, Chandlee C, Choudhary BC, Chung WH, DeSoi W, Dlugosz W, Dunlea J, Easo S, Engels E, Faissler W, Fanourakis G, Ferbel T, Garelick D, Ginther G, Glass G, Glaubman M, Gutierrez P, Hartman K, Huston J, Johnstone C, Kapoor V, Kourbanis I, Lanaro A, Lirakis C, Lobkowicz F, Lukens P, Mani S, Maul A, Mansour J, Miller R, Nelson CA, Oh B, Orris D, Pothier E, Prebys E, Rajaram BM, Roser R, Ruddick K, Shepard PF, Shivpuri RK, Sinanidis A, Skow D, Slattery P, Sorrell L, Toothacker W, Varelas N, Weerasundara D, Whitmore J, Wu G, Yasuda T, Yosef C, Zielinski M. Structure of the recoiling system in direct-photon and pi 0 production by pi - and p beams at 500 GeV/c. Int J Clin Exp Med 1994; 49:3106-3112. [PMID: 10017306 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.49.3106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Alverson G, Baker WF, Ballocchi G, Benson R, Berg D, Blusk S, Bromberg C, Brown D, Carey D, Chand T, Chandlee C, Choudhary BC, Chung WH, DeSoi W, Dlugosz W, Dunlea J, Easo S, Engels E, Faissler W, Fanourakis G, Ferbel T, Garelick D, Ginther G, Glass G, Glaubman M, Gutierrez P, Hartman K, Huston J, Johnstone C, Kapoor V, Kourbanis L, Lanaro A, Lirakis C, Lobkowicz F, Lukens P, Mani S, Maul A, Mansour J, Miller R, Nelson CA, Oh BY, Orris D, Pothier E, Prebys E, Rajaram BM, Roser R, Ruddick K, Shepard P, Shivpuri RK, Sinanidis A, Skow D, Slattery P, Sorrell L, Toothacker W, Varelas N, Weerasundara D, Whitmore J, Wu G, Yasuda T, Yosef C, Zielinski M. Production of direct photons and neutral mesons at large transverse momenta by pi - and p beams at 500 GeV/c. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1993; 48:5-28. [PMID: 10016058 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.48.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Babcock J, Hartman K, Pedersen A, Murphy M, Alving B. Rodenticide-induced coagulopathy in a young child. A case of Munchausen syndrome by proxy. Am J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1993; 15:126-30. [PMID: 8447555 DOI: 10.1097/00043426-199302000-00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present the diagnosis and management of superwarfarin ingestion, a cause of serious and prolonged coagulopathy. METHODS Specific identification of the anticoagulant was made by high-pressure liquid chromatography. RESULTS A 24 month-old child developed bruises and a prolonged prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) after receiving multiple doses of brodifacoum, a superwarfarin rodenticide. The coagulopathy was treated successfully with large doses of parenteral and oral vitamin K1; fresh frozen plasma was administered as a precautionary measure on two occasions. After the first 10 days of the child's hospitalization, the mother was identified as the source of brodifacoum, exemplifying the behavior described as Munchausen syndrome by proxy. Oral vitamin K1 was initiated and continued in an outpatient setting with tapering doses over nine months, using the PT as a guide for therapy. CONCLUSIONS This report emphasizes the necessity of recognizing rodenticide poisoning and investigating its source. Frequent monitoring of the PT is essential to prevent hemorrhagic complications due to repeat exposure, inadequate vitamin K1 therapy, or noncompliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Babcock
- Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, D.C. 20307-5100
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Alverson G, Baker WF, Ballocchi G, Benson R, Berg D, Blusk S, Bromberg C, Brown D, Carey D, Chand T, Chandlee C, Choudhary BC, Chung WH, DeSoi W, Dlugosz W, Dunlea J, Easo S, Engels E, Faissler W, Fanourakis G, Ferbel T, Garelick D, Ginther G, Glass G, Glaubman M, Gutierrez P, Hartman K, Huston J, Johnstone C, Kapoor V, Kourbanis I, Lanaro A, Lirakis C, Lobkowicz F, Lukens P, Mani S, Maul A, Mansour J, Miller R, Nelson CA, Oh B, Orris D, Pothier E, Prebys E, Rajaram BM, Roser R, Ruddick K, Shepard P, Shivpuri RK, Sinanidis A, Skow D, Slattery P, Sorrell L, Toothacker W, Varelas N, Weerasundara D, Whitmore J, Wu G, Yasuda T, Yosef C, Zielinski M. Production of pi 0 mesons at high pT in pi -Be and pBe collisions at 500 GeV/c. Int J Clin Exp Med 1992; 45:R3899-R3902. [PMID: 10014345 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.45.r3899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Alverson G, Baker WF, Ballocchi G, Benson R, Berg D, Blusk S, Bromberg C, Brown D, Carey D, Chand T, Chandlee C, Choudhary BC, Chung WH, DeSoi W, Dlugosz W, Dunlea J, Easo S, Engels E, Faissler W, Fanourakis G, Ferbel T, Garelick D, Ginther G, Glass G, Glaubman M, Gutierrez P, Hartman K, Huston J, Johnstone C, Kapoor V, Kourbanis I, Lanaro A, Lirakis C, Lobkowicz F, Lukens P, Mani S, Maul A, Mansour J, Miller R, Nelson CA, Oh B, Orris D, Pothier E, Prebys E, Rajaram BM, Roser R, Ruddick K, Shepard P, Shivpuri RK, Sinanidis A, Skow D, Slattery P, Sorrell L, Toothacker W, Varelas N, Weerasundara D, Whitmore J, Wu G, Yasuda T, Yosef C, Zielinski M. Direct photon production at high pT in pi -Be and pBe collisions at 500 GeV/c. Phys Rev Lett 1992; 68:2584-2587. [PMID: 10045436 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.68.2584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Egberink HF, Hartman K, Horzinek MC. Chemotherapy of feline immunodeficiency virus infection. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1991; 199:1485-7. [PMID: 1666108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H F Egberink
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Mutchler GS, Clement J, Kruk J, Moss R, Hungerford E, Kishimoto T, Mayes B, Pinsky L, Tang L, Xue Y, Bassalleck B, Armstrong T, Hartman K, Hicks A, Lewis R, Lochstet W, Smith GA, Lowenstein D, Poth H, Furic M. Measurement of the imaginary part of the I=1 N-barN S-wave scattering length. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1988; 38:742-753. [PMID: 9959203 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.38.742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Abstract
A new G-6-PD variant, G-6-PD Walter Reed, causing hereditary nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia is characterized. This variant is unusual in that its stability requires the presence of high concentrations of NADP, while its Km for NADP is normal. This finding is consistent with the suggestion that G-6-PD has two separate binding sites, a high affinity "structural" site and a lower affinity catalytic site. The mutation in G-6-PD Walter Reed, like that of the previously described variant, G-6-PD Torrance, may be due to a mutation of the "structural" site for NADP.
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Riggio RE, Singer RD, Hartman K, Sneider R. Psychological issues in the care of critically-ill respirator patients: differential perceptions of patients, relatives, and staff. Psychol Rep 1982; 51:363-9. [PMID: 7178338 DOI: 10.2466/pr0.1982.51.2.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Using questionnaire rating scales, 21 ventilator patients, 17 family members, and 31 members of the medical staff who cared for the patients indicated their perceptions of the ventilator care situation with particular attention given to factors that may be sources of psychological stress for respirator patients. As expected, patients who reported problems in communicating with staff and family due to inability to talk and, in some cases, to write while on the respirator also reported strong feelings or negative emotions, e.g., anger, frustration, fear. The perceptions of staff, patients, and family differed significantly concerning problematic aspects of the respirator care situation. These results have implications for future research dealing with psychological issues of patients in critical care settings
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