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Wang M, Zhang L, Boo KH, Park E, Drakakaki G, Zakharov F. PDC1, a pyruvate/α-ketoacid decarboxylase, is involved in acetaldehyde, propanal and pentanal biosynthesis in melon (Cucumis melo L.) fruit. Plant J 2019; 98:112-125. [PMID: 30556202 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plant pyruvate decarboxylases (PDC) catalyze the decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetaldehyde and CO2 and are well known to play a key role in energy supply via fermentative metabolism in oxygen-limiting conditions. In addition to their role in fermentation, plant PDCs have also been hypothesized to be involved in aroma formation although, to date, there is no direct biochemical evidence for this function. We investigated the role of PDCs in fruit volatile biosynthesis, and identified a melon pyruvate decarboxylase, PDC1, that is highly expressed in ripe fruits. In vitro biochemical characterization of the recombinant PDC1 enzyme showed that it could not only decarboxylate pyruvate, but that it also had significant activity toward other straight- and branched-chain α-ketoacids, greatly expanding the range of substrates previously known to be accepted by the plant enzyme. RNAi-mediated transient and stable silencing of PDC1 expression in melon showed that this gene is involved in acetaldehyde, propanal and pentanal production, while it does not contribute to branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)-derived aldehyde biosynthesis in melon fruit. Importantly, our results not only demonstrate additional functions for the PDC enzyme, but also challenge the long standing hypothesis that PDC is involved in BCAA-derived aldehyde formation in fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Wang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Kyung Hwan Boo
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Eunsook Park
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Georgia Drakakaki
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Florence Zakharov
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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Cho SK, Ryu MY, Poulsen C, Kim JH, Oh TR, Choi SW, Kim M, Yang JY, Boo KH, Geshi N, Kim WT, Yang SW. HIGLE is a bifunctional homing endonuclease that directly interacts with HYL1 and SERRATE in Arabidopsis thaliana. FEBS Lett 2017; 591:1383-1393. [PMID: 28321834 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A highly coordinated complex known as the microprocessor precisely processes primary transcripts of MIRNA genes into mature miRNAs. In plants, the microprocessor minimally consists of three components: Dicer-like protein 1 (DCL1), HYPONASTIC LEAF 1 (HYL1), and SERRATE (SE). To precisely modulate miRNA maturation, the microprocessor cooperates with at least 12 proteins in plants. In addition, we here show the involvement of a novel gene, HYL1-interacting GIY-YIG-like endonuclease (HIGLE). The encoded protein has a GIY-YIG domain that is generally found within a class of homing endonucleases. HIGLE directly interacts with the microprocessor components HYL1 and SE. Unlike the functions of other GIY-YIG endonucleases, the catalytic core of HIGLE has both DNase and RNase activities that sufficiently processes miRNA precursors into short fragments in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Keun Cho
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Young Ryu
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jong Hum Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Rin Oh
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk Won Choi
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mijung Kim
- Group of host pathogen interaction, Temasek Life Science Laboratory, 1 Research link, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun-Yi Yang
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kyung Hwan Boo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science (SARI), Jeju National University, Korea
| | | | - Woo Taek Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Wook Yang
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Hyun HB, Shrestha S, Boo KH, Cho SK. Evaluation of antioxidant potential of ethyl acetate fraction of Rosmarinus officinalis L. and its major components. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13765-015-0097-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
We established an in vitro plant regeneration system via somatic embryogenesis of Aster scaber, an important source of various biologically active phytochemicals. We examined the callus induction and embryogenic capacities of three explants, including leaves, petioles, and roots, on 25 different media containing different combinations of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzyladenine (BA). The optimum concentrations of NAA and BA for the production of embryogenic calli were 5.0 μM and 0.05 μM, respectively. Media containing higher concentrations of auxin and cytokinin (such as 25 μM NAA and 25 μM BA) were suitable for shoot regeneration, especially for leaf-derived calli, which are the most readily available calli and are highly competent. For root induction from regenerated shoots, supplemental auxin and/or cytokinin did not improve rooting, but instead caused unwanted callus induction or retarded growth of regenerated plants. Therefore, plant growth regulator-free medium was preferable for root induction. Normal plants were successfully obtained from calli under the optimized conditions described above. This is the first report of the complete process of in vitro plant regeneration of A. scaber via somatic embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hwan Boo
- a Department of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science (SARI) , Jeju National University , Jeju , Republic of Korea
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Lee D, Boo KH, Kim YC, Lee JM, Kim SC, Lee WS, Riu KZ, Lee DS. Methanol Extract of Alpinia katsumadai Hayata has Anti-viral Activity by Inhibition of α-glucosidase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3839/jabc.2014.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kim KT, Lee S, Kim TW, Lee JS, Boo KH. The influence of postoperative tibiofemoral alignment on the clinical results of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Relat Res 2012; 24:85-90. [PMID: 22708108 PMCID: PMC3374004 DOI: 10.5792/ksrr.2012.24.2.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the influence of postoperative tibiofemoral alignment on the clinical results and failure in patients who underwent unicompartmental knee athroplasty (UKA). MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed 246 cases of medial UKA which were followed up for at least 5 years after the operation. The clinical results were compared between 5 groups classified according to the tibiofemoral angle that was measured at 3 months after surgery. We analyzed the relationship between the tibiofemoral alignment and the failure after UKA. RESULTS The preoperative tibiofemoral angle was changed from 0.4° of varus to 5.4° of valgus after surgery and the average correction angle was 5.8°. During the follow-up, which averaged 7 years and 5 months, the knee score and function score were improved significantly in all groups regardless of the tibiofemoral angle (p<0.01). There were no significant difference between the groups in the clinical results (p>0.05). However, there were significant differences in the cumulative survival rate of implants between the groups and the highest rate was found in the group with a tibiofemoral angle of 4° to 6° of valgus (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The tibiofemoral angle after UKA had no significant influence on the midterm clinical scores, but there was a significant relationship between the postoperative tibiofemoral angle and failure rate of implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Tae Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul Sacred Heart General Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Katz E, Boo KH, Kim HY, Eigenheer RA, Phinney BS, Shulaev V, Negre-Zakharov F, Sadka A, Blumwald E. Label-free shotgun proteomics and metabolite analysis reveal a significant metabolic shift during citrus fruit development. J Exp Bot 2011; 62:5367-84. [PMID: 21841177 PMCID: PMC3223037 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Label-free LC-MS/MS-based shot-gun proteomics was used to quantify the differential protein synthesis and metabolite profiling in order to assess metabolic changes during the development of citrus fruits. Our results suggested the occurrence of a metabolic change during citrus fruit maturation, where the organic acid and amino acid accumulation seen during the early stages of development shifted into sugar synthesis during the later stage of citrus fruit development. The expression of invertases remained unchanged, while an invertase inhibitor was up-regulated towards maturation. The increased expression of sucrose-phosphate synthase and sucrose-6-phosphate phosphatase and the rapid sugar accumulation suggest that sucrose is also being synthesized in citrus juice sac cells during the later stage of fruit development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehud Katz
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kyung Hwan Boo
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ho Youn Kim
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Richard A. Eigenheer
- Genome Center, Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Brett S. Phinney
- Genome Center, Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Vladimir Shulaev
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | | | - Avi Sadka
- Department of Fruit Tree Species, ARO, The Volcani Center, 50250 Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Eduardo Blumwald
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Ahn JS, Kim KH, Noh TW, Riu DH, Boo KH, Kim HE. Effective-medium theories for spheroidal particles randomly oriented on a plane: Application to the optical properties of a SiC whisker-Al2O3 composite. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1995; 52:15244-15252. [PMID: 9980879 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.15244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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