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Langhi Prata LGP, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. Cell senescence, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, and cancers. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002326. [PMID: 37733806 PMCID: PMC10547493 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a cell fate caused by multiple stresses. A 2008 article in PLOS Biology reported a senescence-associated secretory phenotype that can promote inflammation and cancer, eventually enabling the development of senolytic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa G. P. Langhi Prata
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
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Wang L, Wang B, Gasek NS, Zhou Y, Cohn RL, Martin DE, Zuo W, Flynn WF, Guo C, Jellison ER, Kim T, Langhi Prata LGP, Palmer AK, Li M, Inman CL, Barber LS, Al-Naggar IMA, Zhou Y, Du W, Kshitiz, Kuchel GA, Meves A, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Robson P, Xu M. Targeting p21 Cip1 highly expressing cells in adipose tissue alleviates insulin resistance in obesity. Cell Metab 2022; 34:186. [PMID: 34986334 PMCID: PMC8832725 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Wang L, Wang B, Gasek NS, Zhou Y, Cohn RL, Martin DE, Zuo W, Flynn WF, Guo C, Jellison ER, Kim T, Prata LGPL, Palmer AK, Li M, Inman CL, Barber LS, Al-Naggar IMA, Zhou Y, Du W, Kshitiz, Kuchel GA, Meves A, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Robson P, Xu M. Targeting p21 Cip1 highly expressing cells in adipose tissue alleviates insulin resistance in obesity. Cell Metab 2022; 34:75-89.e8. [PMID: 34813734 PMCID: PMC8732323 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance is a pathological state often associated with obesity, representing a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Limited mechanism-based strategies exist to alleviate insulin resistance. Here, using single-cell transcriptomics, we identify a small, critically important, but previously unexamined cell population, p21Cip1 highly expressing (p21high) cells, which accumulate in adipose tissue with obesity. By leveraging a p21-Cre mouse model, we demonstrate that intermittent clearance of p21high cells can both prevent and alleviate insulin resistance in obese mice. Exclusive inactivation of the NF-κB pathway within p21high cells, without killing them, attenuates insulin resistance. Moreover, fat transplantation experiments establish that p21high cells within fat are sufficient to cause insulin resistance in vivo. Importantly, a senolytic cocktail, dasatinib plus quercetin, eliminates p21high cells in human fat ex vivo and mitigates insulin resistance following xenotransplantation into immuno-deficient mice. Our findings lay the foundation for pursuing the targeting of p21high cells as a new therapy to alleviate insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Wang
- UConn Center on Aging, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Binsheng Wang
- UConn Center on Aging, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Nathan S Gasek
- UConn Center on Aging, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Yueying Zhou
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 86-410000, China; Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Rachel L Cohn
- UConn Center on Aging, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Dominique E Martin
- UConn Center on Aging, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Biomedical Science Graduate Program, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Wulin Zuo
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - William F Flynn
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Chun Guo
- UConn Center on Aging, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Evan R Jellison
- Department of Immunology, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Taewan Kim
- UConn Center on Aging, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Biomedical Science Graduate Program, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | | | - Allyson K Palmer
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Christina L Inman
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Lauren S Barber
- UConn Center on Aging, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | | | - Yanjiao Zhou
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Wenqiang Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Kshitiz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - George A Kuchel
- UConn Center on Aging, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Alexander Meves
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Paul Robson
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Ming Xu
- UConn Center on Aging, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
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Verdoorn BP, Evans TK, Hanson GJ, Zhu Y, Langhi Prata LGP, Pignolo RJ, Atkinson EJ, Wissler‐Gerdes EO, Kuchel GA, Mannick JB, Kritchevsky SB, Khosla S, Rizza SA, Walston JD, Musi N, Lipsitz LA, Kiel DP, Yung R, LeBrasseur NK, Singh RJ, McCarthy T, Puskarich MA, Niedernhofer LJ, Robbins PD, Sorenson M, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. Fisetin for COVID-19 in skilled nursing facilities: Senolytic trials in the COVID era. J Am Geriatr Soc 2021; 69:3023-3033. [PMID: 34375437 PMCID: PMC8447437 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The burden of senescent cells (SnCs), which do not divide but are metabolically active and resistant to death by apoptosis, is increased in older adults and those with chronic diseases. These individuals are also at the greatest risk for morbidity and mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS-CoV-2 complications include cytokine storm and multiorgan failure mediated by the same factors as often produced by SnCs through their senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SASP can be amplified by infection-related pathogen-associated molecular profile factors. Senolytic agents, such as Fisetin, selectively eliminate SnCs and delay, prevent, or alleviate multiple disorders in aged experimental animals and animal models of human chronic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and respiratory diseases. Senolytics are now in clinical trials for multiple conditions linked to SnCs, including frailty; obesity/diabetes; osteoporosis; and cardiovascular, kidney, and lung diseases, which are also risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 morbidity and mortality. A clinical trial is underway to test if senolytics decrease SARS-CoV-2 progression and morbidity in hospitalized older adults. We describe here a National Institutes of Health-funded, multicenter, placebo-controlled clinical trial of Fisetin for older adult skilled nursing facility (SNF) residents who have been, or become, SARS-CoV-2 rtPCR-positive, including the rationale for targeting fundamental aging mechanisms in such patients. We consider logistic challenges of conducting trials in long-term care settings in the SARS-CoV-2 era, including restricted access, consent procedures, methods for obtaining biospecimens and clinical data, staffing, investigational product administration issues, and potential solutions for these challenges. We propose developing a national network of SNFs engaged in interventional clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon P. Verdoorn
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Division of Geriatrics and GerontologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Tamara K. Evans
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Gregory J. Hanson
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Division of Geriatrics and GerontologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Yi Zhu
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | | | - Robert J. Pignolo
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Division of Geriatrics and GerontologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Elizabeth J. Atkinson
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences ResearchMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | | | - George A. Kuchel
- University of Connecticut Center on Aging, UConn HealthFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
| | | | - Stephen B. Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's PreventionWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Stacey A. Rizza
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Jeremy D. Walston
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine and GerontologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Nicolas Musi
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging StudiesUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Lewis A. Lipsitz
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging ResearchHebrew SeniorLifeBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Division of GerontologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Douglas P. Kiel
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging ResearchHebrew SeniorLifeBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Division of GerontologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Raymond Yung
- Geriatrics Center and Institute of GerontologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- VA Ann Arbor Geriatrics ResearchEducation and Clinical CenterAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Geriatric and Palliative MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Nathan K. LeBrasseur
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Ravinder J. Singh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Teresa McCarthy
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BiophysicsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Michael A. Puskarich
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BiophysicsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Laura J. Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BiophysicsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Paul D. Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and BiophysicsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | | | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on AgingMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
- Division of Geriatrics and GerontologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
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5
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Tripathi U, Nchioua R, Prata LGPL, Zhu Y, Gerdes EOW, Giorgadze N, Pirtskhalava T, Parker E, Xue A, Espindola-Netto JM, Stenger S, Robbins PD, Niedernhofer LJ, Dickinson SL, Allison DB, Kirchhoff F, Sparrer KMJ, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. SARS-CoV-2 causes senescence in human cells and exacerbates the senescence-associated secretory phenotype through TLR-3. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:21838-21854. [PMID: 34531331 PMCID: PMC8507266 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Senescent cells, which arise due to damage-associated signals, are apoptosis-resistant and can express a pro-inflammatory, tissue-destructive senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). We recently reported that a component of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) surface protein, S1, can amplify the SASP of senescent cultured human cells and that a related mouse β-coronavirus, mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), increases SASP factors and senescent cell burden in infected mice. Here, we show that SARS-CoV-2 induces senescence in human non-senescent cells and exacerbates the SASP in human senescent cells through Toll-like receptor-3 (TLR-3). TLR-3, which senses viral RNA, was increased in human senescent compared to non-senescent cells. Notably, genetically or pharmacologically inhibiting TLR-3 prevented senescence induction and SASP amplification by SARS-CoV-2 or Spike pseudotyped virus. While an artificial TLR-3 agonist alone was not sufficient to induce senescence, it amplified the SASP in senescent human cells. Consistent with these findings, lung p16INK4a+ senescent cell burden was higher in patients who died from acute SARS-CoV-2 infection than other causes. Our results suggest that induction of cellular senescence and SASP amplification through TLR-3 contribute to SARS-CoV-2 morbidity, indicating that clinical trials of senolytics and/or SASP/TLR-3 inhibitors for alleviating acute and long-term SARS-CoV-2 sequelae are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utkarsh Tripathi
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Rayhane Nchioua
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | | | - Yi Zhu
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Bioengineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Nino Giorgadze
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Tamar Pirtskhalava
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Erik Parker
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Ailing Xue
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Steffen Stenger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Paul D. Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Laura J. Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Stephanie L. Dickinson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - David B. Allison
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | | | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Bioengineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Physiology and Bioengineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Camell CD, Yousefzadeh MJ, Zhu Y, Prata LGPL, Huggins MA, Pierson M, Zhang L, O'Kelly RD, Pirtskhalava T, Xun P, Ejima K, Xue A, Tripathi U, Espindola-Netto JM, Giorgadze N, Atkinson EJ, Inman CL, Johnson KO, Cholensky SH, Carlson TW, LeBrasseur NK, Khosla S, O'Sullivan MG, Allison DB, Jameson SC, Meves A, Li M, Prakash YS, Chiarella SE, Hamilton SE, Tchkonia T, Niedernhofer LJ, Kirkland JL, Robbins PD. Senolytics reduce coronavirus-related mortality in old mice. Science 2021; 373:science.abe4832. [PMID: 34103349 PMCID: PMC8607935 DOI: 10.1126/science.abe4832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state elicited in response to stress signals and is associated with a damaging secretory phenotype. The number of senescent cells increases with advanced age and this in turn drives age-related diseases. Camell et al. show that senescent cells have an amplified inflammatory response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (see the Perspective by Cox and Lord). This response is communicated to nonsenescent cells, suppressing viral defense mechanisms and increasing the expression of viral entry proteins. In old mice infected with a SARS-CoV-2–related virus, treatment with senolytics to reduce the senolytic cell burden reduced mortality and increased antiviral antibodies. Science, abe4832, this issue p. eabe4832; see also abi4474, p. 281 INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic revealed enhanced vulnerability of the elderly and chronically ill to adverse outcomes upon severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Senescence is a cell fate elicited by cellular stress that results in changes in gene expression, morphology, metabolism, and resistance to apoptosis. Senescent cells (SnCs) secrete pro-inflammatory factors, called the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). SnCs accumulate with age and drive chronic inflammation. In human cells and tissues and using a new infection paradigm, we asked whether SnCs are a cause of adverse outcomes of infection with aging. This is relevant because SnCs can be selectively eliminated in vivo with a new class of therapeutics called senolytics, potentially affording a new approach to treat COVID-19. RATIONALE We hypothesized that SnCs, because of their pro-inflammatory SASP, might have a heightened response to pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) factors, resulting in increased risk of cytokine storm and multi-organ failure. To test this, we treated senescent and nonsenescent human cells with the PAMPs lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S1) and measured the SASP and its effect on non-SnCs. Similarly, old and progeroid mice were challenged with LPS, and we measured the SASP. Previously, we created a “normal microbial experience” (NME) for mice by transmitting environmental pathogens to specified-pathogen–free (SPF) mice through exposure to pet store mice or their bedding. The first pathogen transferred was mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), a β-coronavirus closely related to SARS-CoV-2. NME rapidly killed aged SPF mice known to have an increased burden of SnCs compared with young SPF mice, which survive NME. This afforded an experimental paradigm to test whether senolytics blunt adverse outcomes in β-coronavirus infection. RESULTS Human endothelial SnCs became hyperinflammatory in response to challenge with LPS and S1, relative to non-SnCs. The PAMP-elicited secretome of SnCs caused increased expression of viral entry proteins and reduced expression of antiviral genes in nonsenescent human endothelial and lung epithelial cells, and the proximity of these events was established in human lung biopsies. Treatment of old mice with LPS significantly increased SASP expression in several organs relative to young mice, confirming our hypothesis in vivo. Similarly, old mice exposed to NME displayed a significant multi-organ increase in SnCs and the SASP, impaired immune response to MHV, and 100% mortality, whereas inoculation with antibodies against MHV before NME afforded complete rescue of mortality. Treating old mice with the senolytic fisetin, which selectively eliminates SnCs after NME reduced mortality by 50%, reduced expression of inflammatory proteins in serum and tissue and improved the immune response. This was confirmed with a second senolytic regimen, Dasatinib plus Quercetin, as well as genetic ablation of SnCs in aged mice, establishing SnCs as a cause of adverse outcomes in aged organisms exposed to a new viral pathogen. CONCLUSION SnCs amplify susceptibility to COVID-19 and pathogen-induced hyperinflammation. Reducing SnC burden in aged mice reduces mortality after pathogen exposure, including a β-coronavirus. Our findings strongly support the Geroscience hypothesis that therapeutically targeting fundamental aging mechanisms improves resilience in the elderly, with alleviation of morbidity and mortality due to pathogenic stress. This suggests that senolytics might protect others vulnerable to adverse COVID-19 outcomes in whom increased SnCs occur (such as in obesity or numerous chronic diseases). The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the pronounced vulnerability of the elderly and chronically ill to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–induced morbidity and mortality. Cellular senescence contributes to inflammation, multiple chronic diseases, and age-related dysfunction, but effects on responses to viral infection are unclear. Here, we demonstrate that senescent cells (SnCs) become hyper-inflammatory in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), including SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-1, increasing expression of viral entry proteins and reducing antiviral gene expression in non-SnCs through a paracrine mechanism. Old mice acutely infected with pathogens that included a SARS-CoV-2–related mouse β-coronavirus experienced increased senescence and inflammation, with nearly 100% mortality. Targeting SnCs by using senolytic drugs before or after pathogen exposure significantly reduced mortality, cellular senescence, and inflammatory markers and increased antiviral antibodies. Thus, reducing the SnC burden in diseased or aged individuals should enhance resilience and reduce mortality after viral infection, including that of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina D Camell
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matthew J Yousefzadeh
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yi Zhu
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Matthew A Huggins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center of Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mark Pierson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center of Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ryan D O'Kelly
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Tamar Pirtskhalava
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Pengcheng Xun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Keisuke Ejima
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Ailing Xue
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Utkarsh Tripathi
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Nino Giorgadze
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Atkinson
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christina L Inman
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kurt O Johnson
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Stephanie H Cholensky
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Timothy W Carlson
- Masonic Cancer Center Comparative Pathology Shared Resource, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.,Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Nathan K LeBrasseur
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - M Gerard O'Sullivan
- Masonic Cancer Center Comparative Pathology Shared Resource, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.,Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - David B Allison
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Stephen C Jameson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center of Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Ming Li
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sergio E Chiarella
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sara E Hamilton
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center of Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. .,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. .,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Hickson LJ, Langhi Prata LGP, Bobart SA, Evans TK, Giorgadze N, Hashmi SK, Herrmann SM, Jensen MD, Jia Q, Jordan KL, Kellogg TA, Khosla S, Koerber DM, Lagnado AB, Lawson DK, LeBrasseur NK, Lerman LO, McDonald KM, McKenzie TJ, Passos JF, Pignolo RJ, Pirtskhalava T, Saadiq IM, Schaefer KK, Textor SC, Victorelli SG, Volkman TL, Xue A, Wentworth MA, Wissler Gerdes EO, Allison DB, Dickinson SL, Ejima K, Atkinson EJ, Lenburg M, Zhu Y, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. Corrigendum to 'Senolytics decrease senescent cells in humans: Preliminary report from a clinical trial of Dasatinib plus Quercetin in individuals with diabetic kidney disease' EBioMedicine 47 (2019) 446-456. EBioMedicine 2020; 52:102595. [PMID: 31982828 PMCID: PMC6994619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- LaTonya J Hickson
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Larissa G P Langhi Prata
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Shane A Bobart
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Tamara K Evans
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Medicine Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Nino Giorgadze
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Shahrukh K Hashmi
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Sandra M Herrmann
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Michael D Jensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Qingyi Jia
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kyra L Jordan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Todd A Kellogg
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Daniel M Koerber
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Anthony B Lagnado
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Donna K Lawson
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Nathan K LeBrasseur
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kathleen M McDonald
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Office of Research Regulatory Support, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - João F Passos
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Robert J Pignolo
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Tamar Pirtskhalava
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ishran M Saadiq
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kalli K Schaefer
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Stephen C Textor
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Stella G Victorelli
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Tammie L Volkman
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Medicine Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ailing Xue
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Mark A Wentworth
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Office of Research Regulatory Support, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Erin O Wissler Gerdes
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Medicine Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - David B Allison
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University - Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Stephanie L Dickinson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University - Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Keisuke Ejima
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University - Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Elizabeth J Atkinson
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Marc Lenburg
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yi Zhu
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
| | - James L Kirkland
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
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Hickson LJ, Langhi Prata LGP, Bobart SA, Evans TK, Giorgadze N, Hashmi SK, Herrmann SM, Jensen MD, Jia Q, Jordan KL, Kellogg TA, Khosla S, Koerber DM, Lagnado AB, Lawson DK, LeBrasseur NK, Lerman LO, McDonald KM, McKenzie TJ, Passos JF, Pignolo RJ, Pirtskhalava T, Saadiq IM, Schaefer KK, Textor SC, Victorelli SG, Volkman TL, Xue A, Wentworth MA, Wissler Gerdes EO, Zhu Y, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. Senolytics decrease senescent cells in humans: Preliminary report from a clinical trial of Dasatinib plus Quercetin in individuals with diabetic kidney disease. EBioMedicine 2019; 47:446-456. [PMID: 31542391 PMCID: PMC6796530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 617] [Impact Index Per Article: 123.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Senescent cells, which can release factors that cause inflammation and dysfunction, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), accumulate with ageing and at etiological sites in multiple chronic diseases. Senolytics, including the combination of Dasatinib and Quercetin (D + Q), selectively eliminate senescent cells by transiently disabling pro-survival networks that defend them against their own apoptotic environment. In the first clinical trial of senolytics, D + Q improved physical function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a fatal senescence-associated disease, but to date, no peer-reviewed study has directly demonstrated that senolytics decrease senescent cells in humans. Methods In an open label Phase 1 pilot study, we administered 3 days of oral D 100 mg and Q 1000 mg to subjects with diabetic kidney disease (N = 9; 68·7 ± 3·1 years old; 2 female; BMI:33·9 ± 2·3 kg/m2; eGFR:27·0 ± 2·1 mL/min/1·73m2). Adipose tissue, skin biopsies, and blood were collected before and 11 days after completing senolytic treatment. Senescent cell and macrophage/Langerhans cell markers and circulating SASP factors were assayed. Findings D + Q reduced adipose tissue senescent cell burden within 11 days, with decreases in p16INK4A-and p21CIP1-expressing cells, cells with senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, and adipocyte progenitors with limited replicative potential. Adipose tissue macrophages, which are attracted, anchored, and activated by senescent cells, and crown-like structures were decreased. Skin epidermal p16INK4A+ and p21CIP1+ cells were reduced, as were circulating SASP factors, including IL-1α, IL-6, and MMPs-9 and −12. Interpretation “Hit-and-run” treatment with senolytics, which in the case of D + Q have elimination half-lives <11 h, significantly decreases senescent cell burden in humans. Fund NIH and Foundations. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02848131. Senescence, Frailty, and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Functionality in Chronic Kidney Disease: Effect of Senolytic Agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaTonya J Hickson
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Larissa G P Langhi Prata
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Shane A Bobart
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Tamara K Evans
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Medicine Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Nino Giorgadze
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Shahrukh K Hashmi
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Sandra M Herrmann
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Michael D Jensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Qingyi Jia
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Kyra L Jordan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Todd A Kellogg
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Daniel M Koerber
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Anthony B Lagnado
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Donna K Lawson
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Nathan K LeBrasseur
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Physiology, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Kathleen M McDonald
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Office of Research Regulatory Support, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | | | - João F Passos
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Robert J Pignolo
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Physiology, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Tamar Pirtskhalava
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Ishran M Saadiq
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Kalli K Schaefer
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Stephen C Textor
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Stella G Victorelli
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Tammie L Volkman
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Medicine Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Ailing Xue
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Mark A Wentworth
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Office of Research Regulatory Support, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Erin O Wissler Gerdes
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Department of Medicine Clinical Trials Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Yi Zhu
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America.
| | - James L Kirkland
- Cellular Senescence and Translation and Pharmacology Programs, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, United States of America.
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Prata LGPL, Ovsyannikova IG, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. Senescent cell clearance by the immune system: Emerging therapeutic opportunities. Semin Immunol 2018; 40:101275. [PMID: 31088710 PMCID: PMC7061456 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Senescent cells (SCs) arise from normal cells in multiple organs due to inflammatory, metabolic, DNA damage, or tissue damage signals. SCs are non-proliferating but metabolically active cells that can secrete a range of pro-inflammatory and proteolytic factors as part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Senescent cell anti-apoptotic pathways (SCAPs) protect SCs from their own pro-apoptotic SASP. SCs can chemo-attract immune cells and are usually cleared by these immune cells. During aging and in multiple chronic diseases, SCs can accumulate in dysfunctional tissues. SCs can impede innate and adaptive immune responses. Whether immune system loss of capacity to clear SCs promotes immune system dysfunction, or conversely whether immune dysfunction permits SC accumulation, are important issues that are not yet fully resolved. SCs may be able to assume distinct states that interact differentially with immune cells, thereby promoting or inhibiting SC clearance, establishing a chronically pro-senescent and pro-inflammatory environment, leading to modulation of the SASP by the immune cells recruited and activated by the SASP. Therapies that enhance immune cell-mediated clearance of SCs could provide a lever for reducing SC burden. Such therapies could include vaccines, small molecule immunomodulators, or other approaches. Senolytics, drugs that selectively eliminate SCs by transiently disabling their SCAPs, may prove to alleviate immune dysfunction in older individuals and thereby accelerate immune-mediated clearance of SCs. The more that can be understood about the interplay between SCs and the immune system, the faster new interventions may be developed to delay, prevent, or treat age-related dysfunction and the multiple senescence-associated chronic diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa G P Langhi Prata
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Inna G Ovsyannikova
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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