1
|
Maucourt F, Cébron A, Budzinski H, Le Menach K, Peluhet L, Czarnes S, Melayah D, Chapulliot D, Vallon L, Plassart G, Hugoni M, Fraissinet-Tachet L. Prokaryotic, Microeukaryotic, and Fungal Composition in a Long-Term Polychlorinated Biphenyl-Contaminated Brownfield. Microb Ecol 2023; 86:1696-1708. [PMID: 36646913 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are recognized as persistent organic pollutants and accumulate in organisms, soils, waters, and sediments, causing major health and ecological perturbations. Literature reported PCB bio-transformation by fungi and bacteria in vitro, but data about the in situ impact of those compounds on microbial communities remained scarce while being useful to guide biotransformation assays. The present work investigated for the first time microbial diversity from the three-domains-of-life in a long-term contaminated brownfield (a former factory land). Soil samples were ranked according to their PCB concentrations, and a significant increase in abundance was shown according to increased concentrations. Microbial communities structure showed a segregation from the least to the most PCB-polluted samples. Among the identified microorganisms, Bacteria belonging to Gammaproteobacteria class, as well as Fungi affiliated to Saccharomycetes class or Pleurotaceae family, including some species known to transform some PCBs were abundantly retrieved in the highly polluted soil samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavien Maucourt
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
- ENVISOL, 2-4 Rue Hector Berlioz, 38110, La Tour du Pin, France
| | - Aurélie Cébron
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, 54000, Nancy, France
| | | | | | | | - Sonia Czarnes
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Delphine Melayah
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5240 Microbiologie Adaptation Et Pathogénie, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
| | - David Chapulliot
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Laurent Vallon
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Gaël Plassart
- ENVISOL, 2-4 Rue Hector Berlioz, 38110, La Tour du Pin, France
| | - Mylène Hugoni
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5240 Microbiologie Adaptation Et Pathogénie, 69621, Villeurbanne, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Laurence Fraissinet-Tachet
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lucas J, Lefrancois C, Gesset C, Budzinski H, Labadie P, Baudrimont M, Coynel A, Le Menach K, Pardon P, Peluhet L, Tapie N, Lambert P, Larcher T, Rochard E, Gonzalez P, Cachot J. Effects of metals and persistent organic pollutants on the fitness and health of juveniles of the endangered european sturgeon Acipenser sturio Exposed to W1ater and sediments of the garonne and dordogne rivers. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 225:112720. [PMID: 34509163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The last remaining population of European sturgeon (Acipenser sturio) lives in the Gironde-Garonne-Dordogne (France) catchment (GGD). Captive young individuals are released into the GGD hydrosystem each year, as part of a restocking programme. This study aims to assess the health status of juveniles A. sturio to current conditions in the GGD hydrosystem, to evaluate their capacity to survive and grow in a moderately anthropized ecosystems. 3-month-old farmed sturgeons were exposed for one month in experimental conditions that mimic the environmental conditions in the Garonne and Dordogne rivers, followed by five months of depuration. After one month of exposure, fish exposed to Dordogne and Garonne waters bioaccumulated higher levels of metals and persistent organic pollutants, displayed a reduced hepato-somatic index, and had depleted levels of lipids and glycogen content in their liver, when compared with the Reference group. However, metabolic and swimming performance, as well as the costs of swimming were not impaired. After the 5 months depuration, a significant decrease of K was observed for all exposure conditions. HSI also decreased with time. The overall health status and adaptive capacity of juvenile A. sturio appeared to be maintained over the experimental 6 months' period. Juveniles of A. sturio seem to have the adaptive capacity to survive and grow in the GGD hydrosystem, after being released as part of a restocking programme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Lucas
- USR 3579 SU-CNRS Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Observatoire de Banyuls sur mer, Avenue Pierre Fabre, 66650 Banyuls sur mer, France.
| | - C Lefrancois
- UMR 7266 Littoral Environnement Sociétés (LIENSs), Institut du Littoral et de l'Environnement, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - C Gesset
- INRAE, EABX Unit, 50 Avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas, France
| | - H Budzinski
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - P Labadie
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - M Baudrimont
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - A Coynel
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - K Le Menach
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - P Pardon
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - L Peluhet
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - N Tapie
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - P Lambert
- UMR 7266 Littoral Environnement Sociétés (LIENSs), Institut du Littoral et de l'Environnement, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - T Larcher
- UMR 0703 INRAE, Oniris, La Chantrerie, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - E Rochard
- INRAE, EABX Unit, 50 Avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas, France
| | - P Gonzalez
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - J Cachot
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Acolas ML, Davail B, Gonzalez P, Jean S, Clérandeau C, Morin B, Gourves PY, Daffe G, Labadie P, Perrault A, Lauzent M, Pierre M, Le Barh R, Baudrimont M, Peluhet L, Le Menach K, Budzinski H, Rochard E, Cachot J. Health indicators and contaminant levels of a critically endangered species in the Gironde estuary, the European sturgeon. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:3726-3745. [PMID: 31020527 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The European sturgeon, Acipenser sturio, is a highly endangered species that almost disappeared in the last decades. Thanks to yearly restocking of the population, this species is still found in the Gironde estuary (France), where juveniles grow during several years before leaving to the ocean. The aims of this study were to evaluate the pressure exerted on these fish by known organic and inorganic contaminants during their stay at the Gironde estuary, and to get information on the fish's health in this context. Monthly captures over the year 2014 provided 87 fish from the cohorts 2012 and 2013 mainly, and from cohorts 2008, 2009, and 2011, all fish born in hatchery. We report the very first analyses of contaminant levels and of biological markers measured in the blood of these fish. Low inorganic contamination was found, composed of seven metals mainly Zn (< 5 μg mL-1), Fe (< 1.5 μg mL-1), Cu (< 0.8 μg mL-1), Se (< 0.8 μg mL-1), As (< 0.25 μg mL-1), Co (< 0.14 μg mL-1), and Mn (< 0.03 μg mL-1). Concerning persistent organic contaminants, the sum of seven PCBs varied from 1 to 10 ng g-1 plasma, that of eight OCPs from 0.1 to 1 ng g-1, and that of eight PBDEs from 10 to 100 pg g-1. Higher levels of contaminants were measured during spring as compared to summer. The sex steroid hormone plasma levels (estradiol, testosterone, and 11-ketotestosterone) were quite low, which was predictable for juveniles. The transcription of reproduction-involved genes (EstR, AR, LHR, sox9) in blood cells was demonstrated for the first time. Some of them were correlated with organic contaminant levels PCBs and OCPs. Other gene transcriptions (sodCu and bax) were correlated with PCBs and OCPs. However, the DNA damage level measured here as comet tail DNA and micronuclei ratio in red blood cells were in the very low range of the values commonly obtained in fish from pristine areas. The data presented here can serve as a reference base for future monitoring of this population of sturgeons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Acolas
- Irstea, EABX, Aquatic Ecosystems and Global Changes, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Gazinet Cestas, France
| | - Blandine Davail
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, B2, allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, F-33405, Talence, France.
| | - Patrice Gonzalez
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Place du Dr B. Peyneau, F-33120, Arcachon, France
| | - Séverine Jean
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, F-31326, Caxtanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Christelle Clérandeau
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, B2, allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Bénédicte Morin
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, B2, allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Gourves
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Place du Dr B. Peyneau, F-33120, Arcachon, France
| | - Guillemine Daffe
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Place du Dr B. Peyneau, F-33120, Arcachon, France
| | - Pierre Labadie
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, LPTC, 351 crs de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Annie Perrault
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, F-31326, Caxtanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Mathilde Lauzent
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, LPTC, 351 crs de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Maud Pierre
- Irstea, EABX, Aquatic Ecosystems and Global Changes, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Gazinet Cestas, France
| | - Romaric Le Barh
- Irstea, EABX, Aquatic Ecosystems and Global Changes, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Gazinet Cestas, France
| | - Magalie Baudrimont
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Place du Dr B. Peyneau, F-33120, Arcachon, France
| | - Laurent Peluhet
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, LPTC, 351 crs de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Karyn Le Menach
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, LPTC, 351 crs de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, LPTC, 351 crs de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Eric Rochard
- Irstea, EABX, Aquatic Ecosystems and Global Changes, 50 avenue de Verdun, F-33612, Gazinet Cestas, France
| | - Jérôme Cachot
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC, Aquatic Ecotoxicology, B2, allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, F-33405, Talence, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ratier A, Lopes C, Labadie P, Budzinski H, Delorme N, Quéau H, Peluhet L, Geffard O, Babut M. A Bayesian framework for estimating parameters of a generic toxicokinetic model for the bioaccumulation of organic chemicals by benthic invertebrates: Proof of concept with PCB153 and two freshwater species. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 180:33-42. [PMID: 31059905 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Toxicokinetic (TK) models are relevant and widely used to predict chemical concentrations in biological organisms. The importance of dietary uptake for aquatic invertebrates has been increasingly assessed in recent years. However, the model parameters are estimated on limited specific laboratory data sets that are bounded by several uncertainties. The aim of this study was to implement a Bayesian framework for simultaneously estimating the parameters of a generic TK model for benthic invertebrate species from all data collected. We illustrate our approach on the bioaccumulation of PCB153 by two species with different life traits and therefore exposure routes: Chironomus riparius larvae exposed to spiked sediment for 7 days and Gammarus fossarum exposed to spiked sediment and/or leaves for 7 days and then transferred to a clean media for 7 more days. The TK models assuming first-order kinetics were fitted to the data using Bayesian inference. The median model predictions and their 95% credibility intervals showed that the model fit the data well. From a methodological point of view, this paper illustrates that simultaneously estimating all model parameters from all available data by Bayesian inference, while considering the correlation between parameters and different types of data, is a real added value for TK modeling. Moreover, we demonstrated the ability of a generic TK model considering uptake and elimination routes as modules to add according to the availability of the data measured. From an ecotoxicological point of view, we show differences in PCB153 bioaccumulation between chironomids and gammarids, explained by the different life traits of these two organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aude Ratier
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 5 Avenue de la Doua, CS20244, 69625, Villeurbanne, Cedex, France
| | - Christelle Lopes
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR5558, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Pierre Labadie
- CNRS, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), UMR 5805, Laboratoire de Physico- et Toxico-Chimie de l'environnement (LPTC), Université de Bordeaux, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- CNRS, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), UMR 5805, Laboratoire de Physico- et Toxico-Chimie de l'environnement (LPTC), Université de Bordeaux, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Nicolas Delorme
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 5 Avenue de la Doua, CS20244, 69625, Villeurbanne, Cedex, France
| | - Hervé Quéau
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 5 Avenue de la Doua, CS20244, 69625, Villeurbanne, Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Peluhet
- CNRS, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), UMR 5805, Laboratoire de Physico- et Toxico-Chimie de l'environnement (LPTC), Université de Bordeaux, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Olivier Geffard
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 5 Avenue de la Doua, CS20244, 69625, Villeurbanne, Cedex, France
| | - Marc Babut
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 5 Avenue de la Doua, CS20244, 69625, Villeurbanne, Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Carravieri A, Cherel Y, Brault-Favrou M, Churlaud C, Peluhet L, Labadie P, Budzinski H, Chastel O, Bustamante P. From Antarctica to the subtropics: Contrasted geographical concentrations of selenium, mercury, and persistent organic pollutants in skua chicks (Catharacta spp.). Environ Pollut 2017; 228:464-473. [PMID: 28570991 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Seabirds integrate bioaccumulative contaminants via food intake and have revealed geographical trends of contamination in a variety of ecosystems. Pre-fledging seabird chicks are particularly interesting as bioindicators of chemical contamination, because concentrations in their tissues reflect primarily dietary sources from the local environment. Here we measured 14 trace elements and 18 persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in blood of chicks of skuas that breed in four sites encompassing a large latitudinal range within the southern Indian Ocean, from Antarctica (Adélie Land, south polar skua Catharacta maccormicki), through subantarctic areas (Crozet and Kerguelen Islands, brown skua C. lonnbergi), to the subtropics (Amsterdam Island, C. lonnbergi). Stables isotopes of carbon (δ13C, feeding habitat) and nitrogen (δ15N, trophic position) were also measured to control for the influence of feeding habits on contaminant burdens. Concentrations of mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) were very high at all the four sites, with Amsterdam birds having the highest concentrations ever reported in chicks worldwide (4.0 ± 0.8 and 646 ± 123 μg g-1 dry weight, respectively). Blood Hg concentrations showed a clear latitudinal pattern, increasing from chicks in Antarctica to chicks in the subantarctic and subtropical islands. Interestingly, blood Se concentrations showed similar between-population differences to Hg, suggesting its involvement in protective mechanisms against Hg toxicity. Chicks' POPs pattern was largely dominated by organochlorine pesticides, in particular DDT metabolites and hexachlorobenzene (HCB). Skua chicks from subantarctic islands presented high concentrations and diversity of POPs. By contrast, chicks from the Antarctic site overall had the lowest concentrations and diversity of both metallic and organic contaminants, with the exception of HCB and arsenic. Skua populations from these sites, being naturally exposed to different quantities of contaminants, are potentially good models for testing toxic effects in developing chicks in the wild.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Carravieri
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France.
| | - Yves Cherel
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Maud Brault-Favrou
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de la Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - Carine Churlaud
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de la Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - Laurent Peluhet
- CNRS, UMR 5805 EPOC (LPTC Research group), Université de Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, F 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Pierre Labadie
- CNRS, UMR 5805 EPOC (LPTC Research group), Université de Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, F 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- CNRS, UMR 5805 EPOC (LPTC Research group), Université de Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, F 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Chastel
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Paco Bustamante
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de la Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fromant A, Carravieri A, Bustamante P, Labadie P, Budzinski H, Peluhet L, Churlaud C, Chastel O, Cherel Y. Wide range of metallic and organic contaminants in various tissues of the Antarctic prion, a planktonophagous seabird from the Southern Ocean. Sci Total Environ 2016; 544:754-764. [PMID: 26674704 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements (n=14) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs, n=30) were measured in blood, liver, kidney, muscle and feathers of 10 Antarctic prions (Pachyptila desolata) from Kerguelen Islands, southern Indian Ocean, in order to assess their concentrations, tissue distribution, and inter-tissue and inter-contaminant relationships. Liver, kidney and feathers presented the highest burdens of arsenic, cadmium and mercury, respectively. Concentrations of cadmium, copper, iron, and zinc correlated in liver and muscle, suggesting that uptake and pathways of metabolism and storage were similar for these elements. The major POPs were 4,4'-DDE, mirex, PCB-153 and PCB-138. The concentrations and tissue distribution patterns of environmental contaminants were overall in accordance with previous results in other seabirds. Conversely, some Antarctic prions showed surprisingly high concentrations of BDE-209. This compound has been rarely observed in seabirds before, and its presence in Antarctic prions could be due to the species feeding habits or to the ingestion of plastic debris. Overall, the study shows that relatively lower trophic level seabirds (zooplankton-eaters) breeding in the remote southern Indian Ocean are exposed to a wide range of environmental contaminants, in particular cadmium, selenium and some emerging-POPs, which merits further toxicological investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aymeric Fromant
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Alice Carravieri
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France; Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de la Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France.
| | - Paco Bustamante
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de la Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - Pierre Labadie
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC (LPTC Research Group), Université Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, F 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC (LPTC Research Group), Université Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, F 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Peluhet
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5805 EPOC (LPTC Research Group), Université Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, F 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Carine Churlaud
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de la Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - Olivier Chastel
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Yves Cherel
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Turja R, Lehtonen KK, Meierjohann A, Brozinski JM, Vahtera E, Soirinsuo A, Sokolov A, Snoeijs P, Budzinski H, Devier MH, Peluhet L, Pääkkönen JP, Viitasalo M, Kronberg L. The mussel caging approach in assessing biological effects of wastewater treatment plant discharges in the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea). Mar Pollut Bull 2015; 97:135-149. [PMID: 26117817 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Biological effects of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents were investigated in Baltic mussels (Mytilus trossulus) caged for one month 800m and 1100m from the WWTP discharge site and at a reference site 4km away. Significant antioxidant, genotoxic and lysosomal responses were observed close to the point of the WWTP discharge. Passive samplers (POCIS) attached to the cages indicated markedly higher water concentrations of various pharmaceuticals at the two most impacted sites. Modeling the dispersal of a hypothetical passive tracer compound from the WWTP discharge site revealed differing frequencies and timing of the exposure periods at different caging sites. The study demonstrated for the first time the effectiveness of the mussel caging approach in combination with passive samplers and the application of passive tracer modeling to examine the true exposure patterns at point source sites such as WWTP pipe discharges in the Baltic Sea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raisa Turja
- Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Marine Research Centre, Hakuninmaantie 6, FI-00430 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Kari K Lehtonen
- Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Marine Research Centre, Hakuninmaantie 6, FI-00430 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Axel Meierjohann
- Åbo Akademi University, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Piispankatu 8, FI-20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Jenny-Maria Brozinski
- Åbo Akademi University, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Piispankatu 8, FI-20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Emil Vahtera
- City of Helsinki Environment Centre, P.O. Box 500, FI-00099 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Soirinsuo
- Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Marine Research Centre, Hakuninmaantie 6, FI-00430 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alexander Sokolov
- Baltic Nest Institute, Stockholm University Baltic Sea Centre, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pauline Snoeijs
- Stockholm University, Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Svante Arrhenius väg 21A, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- University Bordeaux 1, Oceanic and Continental Environments and Paleoenvironments (EPOC, UMR 5805 CNRS), Laboratory of Physico- and Toxico-Chemistry of the Environment (LPTC), 351 cours de la Libération, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Devier
- University Bordeaux 1, Oceanic and Continental Environments and Paleoenvironments (EPOC, UMR 5805 CNRS), Laboratory of Physico- and Toxico-Chemistry of the Environment (LPTC), 351 cours de la Libération, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - Laurent Peluhet
- University Bordeaux 1, Oceanic and Continental Environments and Paleoenvironments (EPOC, UMR 5805 CNRS), Laboratory of Physico- and Toxico-Chemistry of the Environment (LPTC), 351 cours de la Libération, F-33405 Talence, France
| | | | - Markku Viitasalo
- Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Marine Research Centre, Hakuninmaantie 6, FI-00430 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leif Kronberg
- Åbo Akademi University, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Piispankatu 8, FI-20500 Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Baillon L, Pierron F, Coudret R, Normendeau E, Caron A, Peluhet L, Labadie P, Budzinski H, Durrieu G, Sarraco J, Elie P, Couture P, Baudrimont M, Bernatchez L. Transcriptome profile analysis reveals specific signatures of pollutants in Atlantic eels. Ecotoxicology 2015; 24:71-84. [PMID: 25258179 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-014-1356-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Identifying specific effects of contaminants in a multi-stress field context remain a challenge in ecotoxicology. In this context, "omics" technologies, by allowing the simultaneous measurement of numerous biological endpoints, could help unravel the in situ toxicity of contaminants. In this study, wild Atlantic eels were sampled in 8 sites presenting a broad contamination gradient in France and Canada. The global hepatic transcriptome of animals was determined by RNA-Seq. In parallel, the contamination level of fish to 8 metals and 25 organic pollutants was determined. Factor analysis for multiple testing was used to identify genes that are most likely to be related to a single factor. Among the variables analyzed, arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lindane (γ-HCH) and the hepato-somatic index (HSI) were found to be the main factors affecting eel's transcriptome. Genes associated with As exposure were involved in the mechanisms that have been described during As vasculotoxicity in mammals. Genes correlated with Cd were involved in cell cycle and energy metabolism. For γ-HCH, genes were involved in lipolysis and cell growth. Genes associated with HSI were involved in protein, lipid and iron metabolisms. Our study proposes specific gene signatures of pollutants and their impacts in fish exposed to multi-stress conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Baillon
- Univ. Bordeaux, UMR EPOC CNRS 5805, 33400, Talence, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Carravieri A, Bustamante P, Tartu S, Meillère A, Labadie P, Budzinski H, Peluhet L, Barbraud C, Weimerskirch H, Chastel O, Cherel Y. Wandering albatrosses document latitudinal variations in the transfer of persistent organic pollutants and mercury to Southern Ocean predators. Environ Sci Technol 2014; 48:14746-55. [PMID: 25423551 DOI: 10.1021/es504601m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Top marine predators are effective tools to monitor bioaccumulative contaminants in remote oceanic environments. Here, we used the wide-ranging wandering albatross Diomedea exulans to investigate potential geographical variations of contaminant transfer to predators in the Southern Ocean. Blood concentrations of 19 persistent organic pollutants and 14 trace elements were measured in a large number of individuals (N = 180) of known age, sex and breeding status from the subantarctic Crozet Islands. Wandering albatrosses were exposed to a wide range of contaminants, with notably high blood mercury concentrations. Contaminant burden was markedly influenced by latitudinal foraging habitats (inferred from blood δ(13)C values), with individuals feeding in warmer subtropical waters having lower concentrations of pesticides, but higher concentrations of mercury, than those feeding in colder subantarctic waters. Sexual differences in contaminant burden seemed to be driven by gender specialization in feeding habitats, rather than physiological characteristics, with females foraging further north than males. Other individual traits, such as adult age and reproductive status, had little effect on blood contaminant concentrations. Our study provides further evidence of the critical role of global distillation on organic contaminant exposure to Southern Ocean avian predators. In addition, we document an unexpected high transfer of mercury to predators in subtropical waters, which merits further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Carravieri
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), UMR 7372 CNRS- Université de La Rochelle , 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pierron F, Bureau du Colombier S, Moffett A, Caron A, Peluhet L, Daffe G, Lambert P, Elie P, Labadie P, Budzinski H, Dufour S, Couture P, Baudrimont M. Abnormal ovarian DNA methylation programming during gonad maturation in wild contaminated fish. Environ Sci Technol 2014; 48:11688-11695. [PMID: 25203663 DOI: 10.1021/es503712c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that pollutants may cause diseases via epigenetic modifications. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation participate in the regulation of gene transcription. Surprisingly, epigenetics research is still limited in ecotoxicology. In this study, we investigated whether chronic exposure to contaminants experienced by wild female fish (Anguilla anguilla) throughout their juvenile phase can affect the DNA methylation status of their oocytes during gonad maturation. Thus, fish were sampled in two locations presenting a low or a high contamination level. Then, fish were transferred to the laboratory and artificially matured. Before hormonal treatment, the DNA methylation levels of the genes encoding for the aromatase and the receptor of the follicle stimulating hormone were higher in contaminated fish than in fish from the clean site. For the hormone receptor, this hypermethylation was positively correlated with the contamination level of fish and was associated with a decrease in its transcription level. In addition, whereas gonad growth was associated with an increase in DNA methylation in fish from the clean site, no changes were observed in contaminated fish in response to hormonal treatment. Finally, a higher gonad growth was observed in fish from the reference site in comparison to contaminated fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Pierron
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC, UMR 5805 , F-33400 Talence, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Barhoumi B, Clérandeau C, Gourves PY, Le Menach K, El Megdiche Y, Peluhet L, Budzinski H, Baudrimont M, Driss MR, Cachot J. Pollution biomonitoring in the Bizerte lagoon (Tunisia), using combined chemical and biomarker analyses in grass goby, Zosterisessor ophiocephalus (Teleostei, Gobiidae). Mar Environ Res 2014; 101:184-195. [PMID: 25106667 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, biological responses and contaminant levels in biological tissues were investigated in grass goby fish specimens (Zosterisessor ophiocephalus) collected from five stations in a moderately polluted ecosystem, namely the Bizerte lagoon on the north coast of Tunisia. The following biomarkers were measured: muscular acetylcholinesterase (AChE), hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), lipoperoxidation (TBARS), condition factor (CF), and hepatosomatic index (HSI). These measurements were taken in parallel with the content of Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and trace metals (As, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, V, Zn, Ag, Cd, Co and Ni) in muscle tissue. Total PAH concentrations ranged from 20.09 ± 0.68 to 105.77 ± 42.58 ng g(-1) dw, PCB from 33.19 ± 6.25 to 126.28 ± 7.37 ng g(-1) dw, OCP from 11.26 ± 1.62 to 19.17 ± 2.06 ng g(-1) dw, and metals from 107.83 ± 1.83 to 187.21 ± 2.00 mg/kg dw. The highest levels of pollutants and biomarkers were observed at station S1, located in the Bizerte channel. Elevated EROD, GST and CAT activities, as well as TBARS levels in liver were positively correlated with tissue contaminant levels at station S1. Significant negative correlations were also found between hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs) body burden with AChE activity in muscle at station S2. The integration of biological responses and contaminant tissue content indicated that certain areas of the Bizerte lagoon, notably station S1, are significantly impacted by various human activities, which likely represent a threat for aquatic wildlife. On the basis of these results, and due to its ecological characteristics, the grass goby appears a suitable indicator species for pollution biomonitoring in coastal marine areas along the Mediterranean Sea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Badreddine Barhoumi
- Laboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry (05/UR/12-03), University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia; University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Christelle Clérandeau
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Gourves
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Karyn Le Menach
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Yassine El Megdiche
- Laboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry (05/UR/12-03), University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Laurent Peluhet
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Magalie Baudrimont
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Mohamed Ridha Driss
- Laboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry (05/UR/12-03), University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Jérôme Cachot
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vicquelin L, Leray-Forget J, Peluhet L, LeMenach K, Deflandre B, Anschutz P, Etcheber H, Morin B, Budzinski H, Cachot J. A new spiked sediment assay using embryos of the Japanese medaka specifically designed for a reliable toxicity assessment of hydrophobic chemicals. Aquat Toxicol 2011; 105:235-45. [PMID: 21762654 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2010] [Revised: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite their low water solubility, hydrophobic pollutants are widespread in the aquatic environment and could represent a threat for living organisms. EU regulations on chemicals require accurate and reliable data on chemical toxicity. Current normalised fish toxicity assays, in particular those advocated by OECD guidelines, do not allow reliable toxicity assessment of hydrophobic compounds due to their low water solubility. In order to accurately evaluate the toxicity of this kind of compounds, a new spiked sediment assay using embryos of the Japanese medaka was developed. It consists of directly exposing fertilised eggs, during their entire embryonic development, onto the reference sediment spiked with the test compound. A large set of lethal or sublethal effects in embryos and newly hatched larvae, including non-invasive endpoints is analysed in order to maximise the sensitivity of the test. The approach was validated using four model pollutants with different modes of action: DMBA, PCB126, PCB153 and 4-nonylphenol (NP). All compounds, except PCB153, induced a dose-dependent increase in toxic effects. In fact, lethal effects only occurred at the highest tested concentration. In contrast, sub-lethal effects including skeletal deformations, cardiac activity modulation, body length reduction and hatching delay were observed at low to moderate concentrations of DMBA and PCB126. NP induced subtle effects in embryos, altering cardiac activity and hatching success but only at high concentrations. Although a few more improvements would make it a fully standardised assay, this spiked sediment assay using medaka embryos proves to be sensitive enough to measure hydrophobic chemical toxicity using an environmentally realistic mode of exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Vicquelin
- University of Le Havre, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology (LEMA) EA3222, 25 rue Philippe Lebon, 76058 Le Havre Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bodin N, N'Gom Ka R, Le Loc'h F, Raffray J, Budzinski H, Peluhet L, Tito de Morais L. Are exploited mangrove molluscs exposed to Persistent Organic Pollutant contamination in Senegal, West Africa? Chemosphere 2011; 84:318-327. [PMID: 21550627 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The surface sediments, two bivalves (Arca senilis and Crassostera gasar) and three gastropods (Conus spp., Hexaplex duplex and Pugilina morio) from two Senegalese stations, Falia (Sine-Saloum Estuary) and Fadiouth (Petite Côte), were analyzed for their pollutant organic persistent contamination (polychlorinated biphenyls PCBs; organochlorinated pesticides OCPs; polybrominated diphenyl ethers PBDEs). Results revealed significant levels of PCBs, DDTs and lindane in mangrove sediments ranging from 0.3 to 19.1, 0.3 to 15.9, and 0.1 to 1.9 ng g(-1) d.w., respectively. Among the other POPs analysed, only hexachlorobenzene, heptachlor and trans-nonachlor for OCPs, as well as BDE47 and BDE99 congeners for PBDEs were detected at very low concentrations, generally not of concern. POP levels and patterns were in good accordance with literature data available for other tropical developing countries. A seasonal quantitative difference was highlighted with higher levels of PCBs and DDTs in sediments after the wet season, likely due to the strong wash-out of residues from inland to the marine ecosystems during the rainy season. The observed pattern of DDT and its metabolites pointed out probable recent applications of DDT for public health emergencies in Senegal. Exploited molluscs were exposed to the same POP compounds as those measured in sediments. They presented OCP levels within the same range as in sediments, while significant higher concentrations of PCBs were observed in shellfish soft tissues revealing a higher bioaccumulation potential mainly due to the lipophilicity of these compounds. Finally, the influence of the reproduction cycle on POP levels through lipid content variations was highlighted, minimizing potential differences in POP bioaccumulation between shellfish species. From an ecotoxicological and public health point of view, results from this study revealed that POPs in sediments from the Petite Côte and the Sine-Saloum Estuary would not cause toxic effects and impairments in molluscs from these regions, and that no potential risk exists for human, especially local populations, through mangrove shellfish consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Bodin
- CRH, UMR 212 EME, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Av Jean Monnet BP171, 34203 Sète, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tabouret H, Bareille G, Mestrot A, Caill-Milly N, Budzinski H, Peluhet L, Prouzet P, Donard OFX. Heavy metals and organochlorinated compounds in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) from the Adour estuary and associated wetlands (France). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 13:1446-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c0em00684j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
15
|
Cailleaud K, Forget-Leray J, Peluhet L, LeMenach K, Souissi S, Budzinski H. Tidal influence on the distribution of hydrophobic organic contaminants in the Seine Estuary and biomarker responses on the copepod Eurytemora affinis. Environ Pollut 2009; 157:64-71. [PMID: 18819737 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Revised: 07/26/2008] [Accepted: 07/31/2008] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate tidally related variations of hydrophobic organic contaminant (HOC) bioavailability and the impact of these contaminants on estuarine ecosystems, both PCB and PAH concentrations were investigated in the dissolved phase and in the suspended particulate material (SPM) of the Seine Estuary. Both PAH and PCB highest levels were observed in surface and bottom water when SPM remobilizations were maximum, in relation to higher speed currents. In parallel, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities were investigated in the copepod Eurytemora affinis. Significant decreasing AChE levels were measured during the tidal cycle and between surface and bottom copepods related to salinity and to HOC concentration variations. Significant increasing GST levels were also observed when HOC concentrations in the water column were the highest. This study underlined the need to standardize sampling procedures for biomonitoring studies in order to avoid interfering factors that could modify biomarker responses to chemical exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Cailleaud
- Université Bordeaux 1, CNRS, ISM-LPTC-UMR 5255 (Laboratory of Physico- and Toxico-Chemistry), 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Alonso E, Tapie N, Budzinski H, Leménach K, Peluhet L, Tarazona JV. A model for estimating the potential biomagnification of chemicals in a generic food web: preliminary development. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2008; 15:31-40. [PMID: 18306886 DOI: 10.1065/espr2007.05.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
GOAL, SCOPE AND BACKGROUND Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of organic pollutants have been increasingly assessed and modeled during the last years. Due to the complexity of these processes and the large variability of food webs, setting generic assessments for these parameters is really difficult. Equilibrium models, based on a compound's lipophylicity, are the main tool in regulatory proposals, such as for identifying Persistent, Bioaccumulative and Toxic Substances (PBTs), although a refinement has been claimed by the scientific community. Toxicokinetic studies offer an alternative for these estimations, where biomagnification is modeled as a succession of bioaccumulation processes, each one regulated by toxicokinetic parameters. METHODS A review of kinetic models covering species belonging to different trophic levels and with different ecological behavior has been conducted. The results were employed for setting a conceptual model for estimating the biomagnification potential in a generic food web, which was mathematically implemented through system dynamic models developed under data sheet software. Crystal Ball was then employed for allowing Monte Carlo based probabilistic calculations. Bioaccumulation laboratory assays have been performed to estimate toxicokinetic parameters in mussels (Mytilus edulis) with two PAHs (chrysene and benzo[a]pyrene). The contamination was delivered via food. The exposure period lasted more than one month followed then by a depuration phase. The contaminant content was determined on an individual basis on five replicates. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . The reviewed information suggested the development of a tiered conceptual biomagnification model, starting with a simplified food chain which can be refined to more realistic and complex models in successive levels. CONCLUSIONS The mathematical implementation of the conceptual model offers tools for estimating the potential for bioaccumulation and biomagnification of chemicals under very different conditions. The versatility of the model can be used for both comparative estimations and for validating the model. RECOMMENDATIONS AND PERSPECTIVES Since bioaccumulation and biomagnification processes are crucial elements for a proper risk assessment of chemicals, their estimation by mathematical models has been widely tested. However, inregulatory assessments, too simplistic models are still being used quite often. The biomagnification model presented in this study should be amore accurate alternative to these models. In comparison to other previously published biomagnification models, the present one covers the time variation of bioaccumulation using just a few toxicokinetic parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Alonso
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Department of the Environment, INIA, Carretera de La Coruña Km 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cachot J, Law M, Pottier D, Peluhet L, Norris M, Budzinski H, Winn R. Characterization of toxic effects of sediment-associated organic pollutants using the lambda transgenic medaka. Environ Sci Technol 2007; 41:7830-6. [PMID: 18075095 DOI: 10.1021/es071082v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel sediment-contact assay using embryos of the transgenic medaka was developed to fully characterize the toxic effects induced by exposure to a mixture of organic pollutants in sediments. Embryos of the lambda transgenic medaka were exposed for 10 days to a clean reference sediment spiked with either the solvent alone, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), or three concentrations (0.3x, 1x, and 2x) of an organic extract (OE) of sediments from the Seine estuary. The 1 x OE-spiked sediment contained concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls similar to those in field-collected sediment. Exposure to this sediment, but not to the B[a]P-spiked sediment, significantly increased embryo-larval mortality and prevalence of spinal deformities. Mutant frequency at the cII mutation target gene in the liver of 10-week-old medaka was significantly increased following exposure to either B[a]P or the three doses of OE. The predominant OE-induced liver mutations were G:C to T:A transversions, consistent with PAHs being the major contributors to the mutation induction. Liver and gonadal tumors were observed in 35-week-old medaka exposed to either B[a]P (1/25) or to the 1 x OE (1/24). The benefits of medaka as a fish model for toxicological assessment and the benefits of the cII mutation assay for mutation detection combine to provide comprehensive assessment of a wide range of genotoxic and nongenotoxic effects of aquatic pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Cachot
- University of Le Havre, LEMA EA-3222, 25 rue Philippe Lebon, B.P. 540, 76058 Le Havre, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Durou C, Poirier L, Amiard JC, Budzinski H, Gnassia-Barelli M, Lemenach K, Peluhet L, Mouneyrac C, Roméo M, Amiard-Triquet C. Biomonitoring in a clean and a multi-contaminated estuary based on biomarkers and chemical analyses in the endobenthic worm Nereis diversicolor. Environ Pollut 2007; 148:445-58. [PMID: 17289233 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2006] [Revised: 11/30/2006] [Accepted: 12/11/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Relationships between biochemical and physiological biomarkers (acetylcholinesterase [AChE], catalase, and glutathione S-transferase [GST] activities, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, glycogen, lipids and proteins) and accumulated concentrations of contaminants (polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs], polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals) were examined in the keystone species Nereis diversicolor. The chemical analyses of worms and sediments allowed the designation of the Seine estuary and the Authie estuary as a polluted and relatively clean site respectively. Worms from the Seine estuary exhibited higher GST and lower AChE activities. Generally, larger worms had higher concentrations of energy reserves. Principal component analyses clearly highlighted intersite differences: in the first plan, GST activities and chemical concentrations were inversely related to concentrations of energy reserves; in the second one, PCB concentrations and AChE activity were inversely related. Depleted levels of energy reserves could be a consequence of combating toxicants and might predict effects at higher levels of biological organization. The use of GST and AChE activities and energy reserve concentrations as biomarkers is validated in the field in this keystone species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Durou
- CNRS, Université de Nantes, Pôle Mer et Littoral, SMAB, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, F-44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cachot J, Geffard O, Augagneur S, Lacroix S, Le Menach K, Peluhet L, Couteau J, Denier X, Devier MH, Pottier D, Budzinski H. Evidence of genotoxicity related to high PAH content of sediments in the upper part of the Seine estuary (Normandy, France). Aquat Toxicol 2006; 79:257-67. [PMID: 16887205 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2006] [Revised: 06/19/2006] [Accepted: 06/20/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In order to characterize the genotoxicity in the Seine estuary and Seine bay, chemical and toxicological analyses were performed on 17 sediments collected in June 2001 and June 2003. Many potent mutagenic and/or carcinogenic compounds - including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and metals - were detected. Those compounds were found to be at relatively high concentrations in the upper part of the Seine estuary but were barely detectable at sites outside the plume from the Seine. The levels of pollution did not vary significantly between the two sampling periods, except that PAH concentrations in sediments collected at Oissel and Le Havre showed a marked increase in June 2003. The toxicity of organic extracts from sediments was evaluated by both embryotoxicity and in vitro genotoxicity (SOS Chromotest) assays. Organic extracts from sediments taken from the Seine estuary appeared significantly more embryotoxic than those from the Seine bay. In addition, the sediment extracts from the upper part of the Seine estuary exhibited higher genotoxicity than those from the lower part, and no genotoxicity was reported for sediments from the Seine bay. The genotoxic activity was detected only after adding an S9 microsomal fraction, suggesting the preponderant involvement of pro-genotoxic organic compounds. In addition, SOS Chromotest responses obtained with purified organic fractions revealed that PAH and, to a lesser extent, unknown polar organic compounds were probably responsible for this genotoxicity. Altogether, these results suggest that sediments from the upper Seine estuary are genotoxic and embryotoxic, and therefore, could be potentially hazardous for species living or feeding in the area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Cachot
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology (LEMA), UPRES EA-3222, IFRMP 23, University of Le Havre, 25 rue Philippe Lebon, B.P. 540, 76058 Le Havre Cedex, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rocher B, Le Goff J, Peluhet L, Briand M, Manduzio H, Gallois J, Devier MH, Geffard O, Gricourt L, Augagneur S, Budzinski H, Pottier D, André V, Lebailly P, Cachot J. Genotoxicant accumulation and cellular defence activation in bivalves chronically exposed to waterborne contaminants from the Seine River. Aquat Toxicol 2006; 79:65-77. [PMID: 16834997 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2006] [Revised: 05/15/2006] [Accepted: 05/16/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to investigate genotoxicant accumulation and biological responses of zebra mussels and blue mussels collected along a pollution gradient in the Seine estuary and in the Seine Bay. The sampling area included three contaminated and one reference sites for each species. The study focused on polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), lindane, polychlorobiphenyls (PCB) and metals known to be potential genotoxicants and/or reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducers. Enzymatic activities related to cellular defence systems including the phase II enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST) and three antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured in gills. DNA adducts and DNA strand breaks (Comet assay) were measured in digestive gland and hemocytes, respectively. Species differences were observed in metal accumulation (As and Pb), GPx activity and DNA adduct formation. A marked upstream-downstream gradient was reported for PAH body burden and to a lesser extent for PCB and metals with the highest values measured just downstream the industrialized area of Rouen. GST and SOD activities in gills of bivalves were positively related to PAH and metals body burden, respectively. Activation of those cellular defences may prevent accumulation of electrophilic metabolites and free radicals and thus may protect DNA and others macromolecules against oxidation and adduction. Although DNA strand breaks and bulky adducts were detected in both species, levels were relatively low and no significant site differences were observed in June 2003. Our results indicate a clear relationship between genotoxicant accumulation and positive activation of detoxification and antioxidant systems but poor consequences in term of DNA damage for wild population of mussels inhabiting the Seine estuary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Rocher
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology (LEMA), UPRES-EA 3222, IFRMP 23, University of Le Havre, 25 rue Philippe Lebon, B.P. 540, 76058 Le Havre Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|