1
|
Diaz AP, Pinto AB, Araújo MIC, Joaquim RM, Costa DDS, Serpa ALDO, Pisani AR, Conwell Y, Miranda DM, Malloy-Diniz LF, da Silva AG. Social support and suicidality during the COVID-19 pandemic among Brazilian healthcare workers: a longitudinal assessment of an online repeated cross-sectional survey. Braz J Psychiatry 2024. [PMID: 38598451 DOI: 10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at an increased risk of suicide compared to non-healthcare workers. This study aims to investigate the association between social support and suicidal ideation and behavior (SIB) during the COVID-19 pandemic among Brazilian HCWs. METHODS This study utilizes data from 10,885 participants who answered the first (time point 1 - between May and June of 2020) and second (time point 2 - between December 2020 and February 2021) assessments of an online repeated cross-sectional survey for evaluating mental health and quality of life of HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between social support as the independent variable (time point 1) and SIB as the outcomes (time point 2). RESULTS Higher social support was associated with a significantly lower chance of reporting SIB in the month prior to follow-up assessment (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.71, CI 95% 0.66 - 0.76 and AOR 0.61, CI 95% 0.54 - 0.68, respectively). These associations were independent of sex, age, feelings of loneliness, and self-reported psychiatric disorders. CONCLUSION Social support is associated with a lower chance of suicidality among HCWs, a protective role that is probably more evident for suicidal behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Paim Diaz
- SAMBE - Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Center for the Study and Prevention of Suicide, Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Andre Braule Pinto
- SAMBE - Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Post Graduation, Department in Molecular Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Faculdade de Psicologia (FAPSI), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia (PPGPSI), AM, Brazil
| | | | - Rui Mateus Joaquim
- SAMBE - Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Post Graduation, Department in Molecular Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Danielle de Souza Costa
- SAMBE - Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Post Graduation, Department in Molecular Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Luiz de Oliveira Serpa
- SAMBE - Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Human Developmental Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anthony R Pisani
- Center for the Study and Prevention of Suicide, Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yeates Conwell
- Center for the Study and Prevention of Suicide, Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Debora M Miranda
- SAMBE - Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- SAMBE - Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Post Graduation, Department in Molecular Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Antonio G da Silva
- SAMBE - Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Post Graduation, Department in Molecular Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria, São Paulo, Brazil. Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Costa DS, Cianchetti C, Dewey D, Alvim-Soares AMAS, Kestelman I, da Silva AG, Malloy-Diniz LF, Miranda DM, de Paula JJ. Cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory (CABI) for use in Brazil. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2023; 99:413-422. [PMID: 37068587 PMCID: PMC10373135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory (CABI) is a cost-free 75 question-questionnaire developed by an Italian group to collect information from parents on the behavior of children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years. It assesses different areas of children's behavior and psychopathology, including internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and can be used to identify children at risk of mental disorders both in clinical and epidemiological settings. In this study, the authors present a Brazilian-Portuguese adaptation of the CABI and its psychometric properties. METHODS First, the authors conducted a rigorous transcultural adaptation of CABI's questions and instructions for the Brazilian context. In an online sample of 598 parents, the authors found high reliability (internal consistency) for the CABI's main subscales. RESULTS Validity was supported by exploratory factor analysis (the authors found 6 factors representing several aspects of psychopathology both according to the DSM and HiTop models) and significant differences in most CABI's subscales between children with parent-reported psychopathology and typically developing ones. The present study suggests that the adapted version of CABI is a valid and reliable measure that can be used in Brazil. CONCLUSIONS The CABI can be useful to the pediatrician to get fast but wide information from parents on the behavioral condition of their children or adolescents, and also to decide whether it is appropriate to consult a mental health professional.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle S Costa
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlo Cianchetti
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Deborah Dewey
- Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Iane Kestelman
- Associação Brasileira do Déficit de Atenção (ABDA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Debora M Miranda
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jonas J de Paula
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Oliveira TDO, Costa DS, Alvim-Soares A, de Paula JJ, Kestelman I, Silva AG, Malloy-Diniz LF, Miranda DM. Children's behavioral problems, screen time, and sleep problems' association with negative and positive parenting strategies during the COVID-19 outbreak in Brazil. Child Abuse Negl 2022; 130:105345. [PMID: 34625278 PMCID: PMC9221927 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Families' health, safety, and economic stability were jeopardized during the pandemic. Parental stress is a risk factor for hostile and less supportive parenting. Parenting styles are a set of attitudes, feelings and behaviors related to parenting that modulate the child's psychosocial functioning and might impact on the adaptability to a stressful time. OBJECTIVE To investigate the group differences among children raised by negative and positive parenting families during COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We have done an online survey with 329 parents. Parents answer about parenting strategies and styles, children's behavior, Covid related questions, socio-economic information, sleep and gaming disorders. RESULTS Parents' frequent use of negative strategies were a risk factor to have a negative outcome related to mental health, games, sleep, and children behavior. DISCUSSION Parenting strategies are some targets pointed in this study for intervention. Parents' styles and strategies training to better manage children might be even more important to avoid negative consequences for children in stressful times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T D O Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - D S Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - A Alvim-Soares
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - J J de Paula
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório de Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - I Kestelman
- Associação Brasileira do Déficit de Atenção, ABDA, Brazil
| | - A G Silva
- Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria, Brazil; FMUP - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Brazil
| | - L F Malloy-Diniz
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - D M Miranda
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório de Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Joaquim RM, Pinto ALCB, Miranda DM, Guatimosim RF, de Paula JJ, Costa DS, Diaz AP, da Silva AG, Malloy-Diniz LF. Emotional Stability and Anxiety Symptoms Differentiates People Leaving the Home Usually During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Clin Neuropsychiatry 2022; 19:114-120. [PMID: 35601244 PMCID: PMC9112989 DOI: 10.36131/cnfioritieditore20220205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The population's adhesion to measures to ensure social distancing represents a great management challenge in a pandemic context. Despite of evidence shown that social distancing is effective, lack of adherence still persists in many countries. Therefore, it is challenging to separate the effectiveness of government measures, from social distancing driven by personal initiatives. Theory: It is possible that the output of protective behaviors, such as adherence to protective measures and staying in social isolation, is influenced by individual characteristics, such as personality traits or symptoms of mental distress of anxiogenic nature. We hypothesized that individuals with more expressive symptoms of fear or anxiety would have a more protective behavioral tendency in terms of risk exposure, leaving less home during the pandemic. In contrast, individuals with greater emotional stability, as they feel more secure and with a lower perception of risk, could go out more often. METHOD A total of 2709 individuals from all regions of Brazil participated in the study (mean age = 42 years; 2134 women). Correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationships between personality traits according to the big five model and Psychopathological Symptoms (BSI). Then, correlation analysis was performed to investigate how people that go out often differ from people that stay at home, in both symptoms and personality traits. Finally, to investigate the predictors for going out usually, we use multiple regression analysis, using gender, marital status, level of education, and personality traits. RESULTS During the second wave of COVID-19 in Brazil, individuals with higher emotional stability tended to leave home more than those with more expressive levels of anxiogenic dysregulation. These results reinforce the role of both personality traits and psychopathological symptoms in prophylactic behavior during COVID-19 pandemics. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with greater emotional stability were more likely to leave home during the second wave of COVID-19 than those with higher levels of anxiogenic dysregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui M. Joaquim
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Corresponding author Rui Mateus Joaquim Post-Doctoral Researcher. Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. E-mail:
| | - André L. C. B. Pinto
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Debora M. Miranda
- Associate Professor Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafaela F. Guatimosim
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Fundação Mineira de Educação e Cultura, FUMEC, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Jonas J. de Paula
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Danielle S. Costa
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alexandre P. Diaz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Antônio Geraldo da Silva
- School of Medicine, Porto University, Portugal;,Brazilian Association of Psychiatry, ABP, Brazil
| | - Leandro F. Malloy-Diniz
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Associate Professor Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Serpa ALDO, Pinto ALB, Diaz AP, Romano-Silva MA, Costa DDS, Joaquim RM, de Paula JJ, Guatimosim R, da Silva AG, de Miranda DM, Malloy-Diniz LF. The mental health of Brazilian healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal study. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry 2022; 44:401-408. [PMID: 36166636 PMCID: PMC9375670 DOI: 10.47626/1516-4446-2021-2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the distress level among Brazilian healthcare professionals during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and estimate risks by sex, age, and occupation. Methods: In a longitudinal cohort design, a nationally distributed online survey was used to collect data from 10,490 active healthcare professionals who worked during the pandemic. Participants were mostly female, aged 18 to 82 years; 13 different health professions and all states of Brazil were represented. Results: The most frequent professions were psychology, dentistry, and nursing. The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) score suggested an increased distress perception among health professionals. Females showed poorer mental health than males, but the absolute rise in Global Severity Index (GSI) score was larger in males than in females. Younger adults reported more symptoms of psychological distress than older adults. The most impacted age group was between 30-39 years. Nurse technicians presented the highest risk of distress. Conclusion: Health professionals are essential to overcoming the pandemic; thus, their mental health status should be monitored, and features associated with increased distress should be identified. Our findings suggest distress risk should be stratified by occupation, age, and sex. Health professionals showed an increased distress perception. Women, individuals between the ages of 30 and 39, nursing personnel, and physicians were more likely to report distress compared with other health professionals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Luiz de Oliveira Serpa
- Laboratório de Neurociência Cognitiva e Social, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Meta Cognitiv, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: Alexandre Luiz de Oliveira Serpa, Rua Piauí, 181, 10° andar, CEP 01302-907, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. E-mail:
| | - André Luiz Braule Pinto
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Paim Diaz
- Grupo de Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Departamento de Saúde Mental, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Romano-Silva
- Laboratório de Medicina Molecular, Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Danielle de Souza Costa
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rui M. Joaquim
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jonas Jardim de Paula
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Guatimosim
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Neurociência Clínica, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Fundação Mineira de Educação e Cultura, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leandro F. Malloy-Diniz
- Grupo de Saúde Mental Baseada em Evidências, Departamento de Saúde Mental, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Joaquim RM, Pinto AL, Guatimosim RF, de Paula JJ, Souza Costa D, Diaz AP, da Silva AG, Pinheiro MI, Serpa AL, Miranda DM, Malloy-Diniz LF. Bereavement and psychological distress during COVID-19 pandemics: The impact of death experience on mental health. Current Research in Behavioral Sciences 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbeha.2021.100019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
|
7
|
de Carvalho Braule Pinto AL, R Pasian S, F Malloy-Diniz L. Identifying and validating emotion regulation latent profiles and their relationship with affective variables. J Clin Psychol 2021; 78:249-265. [PMID: 34252980 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated and validated the presence of emotion regulation profiles in an adult sample. METHOD In a cross-sectional study, 1165 individuals completed the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), and Following Affective States Test (FAST). Sample was divided into three to establish and validate emotion regulation profiles using a latent profile analysis. RESULTS Sample 1 (n = 375) showed three different profiles: dysregulated, adapted, and unaware regulator. Sample 2 (n = 390) shows a consistent pattern with the same number of profiles that remained stable over time. In Sample 3 (n = 400), we validate and find that cognitive reappraisal and lack of awareness were essential to differentiating profiles. CONCLUSIONS Three emotional regulation profiles differ due to the levels of positive/negative affect and the propensity to avoid/follow emotions, increasing the understanding of how different regulatory strategies interact and explain different outcomes with mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André L de Carvalho Braule Pinto
- Psychodiagnostic Research Center, Graduate Program in Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Sonia R Pasian
- Psychodiagnostic Research Center, Graduate Program in Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Neuropsychological Research Laboratory, National Institute of Science and Technology of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine-Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
da Silva AG, Serpa AL, Nardi AE, Kessler FHP, Pinheiro MI, Bezerra JC, Malloy-Diniz LF. Mental illnesses and their impact on the Brazilian workforce: an analysis of the cost of sick leave and pensions. Braz J Psychiatry 2021; 43:567-569. [PMID: 33759947 PMCID: PMC8639015 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antônio G da Silva
- Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria (ABP), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio E Nardi
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Felix H P Kessler
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Universidade FUMEC, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
da Silva AG, Pinheiro M, Trés LM, Malloy-Diniz LF. Working during pandemics: the need for mental health efforts to prevent the outbreak of mental disorders at the workplace. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 43:116-117. [PMID: 32876130 PMCID: PMC7861174 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antônio G da Silva
- Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria (ABP), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Asociación Psiquiátrica de América Latina (APAL), Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Mayra Pinheiro
- Secretaria de Gestão do Trabalho e da Educação na Saúde (SEGETS) Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Letícia M Trés
- Secretaria de Gestão do Trabalho e da Educação na Saúde (SEGETS) Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Universidade FUMEC, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Associação Brasileira de Impulsividade e Patologia Dual, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
da Silva AG, Loch AA, Leal VP, da Silva PR, Rosa MM, Bomfim ODC, Malloy-Diniz LF, Schwarzbold ML, Diaz AP, Palha AP. Stigma toward individuals with mental disorders among Brazilian psychiatrists: a latent class analysis. Braz J Psychiatry 2020; 43:262-268. [PMID: 32725100 PMCID: PMC8136401 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The stigma toward individuals with mental disorders is highly prevalent, not only in the general population but among health care providers as well. The aim of this study was to identify subgroups based on stigmatizing beliefs related to psychiatric disorders among Brazilian psychiatrists, as well as to investigate their association with clinical and personality characteristics. Methods: Latent cluster analysis was used to find subgroups of cases in multivariate data according to a psychotic (schizophrenia) and a nonpsychotic disorder (attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder). The clusters for each psychiatric disorder were compared according to sociodemographic, emotional traits, and personality characteristics. Results: A total of 779 psychiatrists answered the questionnaire. Three different subgroups of stigma levels were identified regarding schizophrenia: the highest (n=202 [51.7%]), intermediate (108 [27.6%]), and the lowest (81 [20.7%]). Participants from the highest stigma group had a significantly longer time since graduation, higher anxiety-state scores, and lower positive affect. Two subgroups were identified with respect to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, although there were no differences between them in sociodemographic or clinical variables. Conclusion: There were more subgroups of stigmatizing beliefs regarding psychotic disorders. Individual characteristics, such as those related to trait anxiety and affect, can be associated with high stigma toward schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandre A Loch
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa P Leal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Paulo R da Silva
- Instituto de Psiquiatria de Santa Catarina, São José, SC, Brazil
| | - Monike M Rosa
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ozeias da C Bomfim
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo L Schwarzbold
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Alexandre P Diaz
- Louis A. Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Antônio P Palha
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Correa H, Malloy-Diniz LF, da Silva AG. Why psychiatric treatment must not be neglected during the COVID-19 pandemic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 42:449. [PMID: 32374799 PMCID: PMC7430377 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Correa
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bertola L, Ávila RT, Bicalho MAC, Malloy-Diniz LF. Semantic memory, but not education or intelligence, moderates cognitive aging: a cross-sectional study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 41:535-539. [PMID: 30994856 PMCID: PMC6899367 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Aging studies regularly assume that years of education are a protective factor for baseline cognition. In developing countries with specific sociocultural issues, this relationship may not work as expected, and an unmet need remains for alternative resilience factors. This study aimed to analyze different moderators for the relationship between aging and general cognition that could reflect better protective factors. Methods: One hundred and fourteen Brazilian older adults, deemed healthy by global cognition, absence of psychiatric symptoms, or neurological history, participated in this cross-sectional study. Moderators for the relationship between age and global cognition included education, intelligence, and occupational factors. Semantic memory was added as a protective factor reflecting culturally acquired conceptual knowledge. Results: As expected, age alone is a predictor of global cognitive scores; surprisingly, however, education, intelligence, and occupation were not moderators of the association. Semantic memory was a significant moderator (p = 0.007), indicating that knowledge acquired during life may be a protective factor. Conclusion: In developing countries, the use of resilience factors based only on years of education may be misleading. Sociocultural issues influence the educational system and achievement and, consequently, affect the use of this simple measure. Resilience-factor studies should consider using crystallized abilities when studying populations with sociocultural particularities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laiss Bertola
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafaela T Ávila
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Costa DS, de Paula JJ, Malloy-Diniz LF, Romano-Silva MA, Miranda DM. Parent SNAP-IV rating of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: accuracy in a clinical sample of ADHD, validity, and reliability in a Brazilian sample. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2019; 95:736-743. [PMID: 30236592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the psychometric properties of the short or multimodal treatment study version of the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, Version IV (SNAP-IV) scale, which measures attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder symptoms. METHODS Participants were 765 parents of children from 4 to 16 years old (641 non-attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and 124 attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder children) from Belo Horizonte, Brazil, who reported sociodemographic characteristics and answered the SNAP-IV. Parents of the clinical sample also underwent the K-SADS-PL interview. RESULTS Age was significantly associated with SNAP-IV hyperactivity-impulsivity problems (r=-0.14), but not with inattention or oppositional defiant disorder. Sex was a significant influence on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder severity (all p<0.001), with boys showing higher scores in the full sample, but not within the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder group. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis supports a three-factor structure of the SNAP-IV scale. Moderate-to-strong correlations were found between SNAP-IV and K-SADS-PL measures. All SNAP-IV scales showed very high internal consistency coefficients (all above 0.91). SNAP-IV inattention scores were the most predictive of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder diagnosis (AUC: 0.877 for the averaging rating method and the raw sum method, and 0.874 for the symptom presence/absence method). CONCLUSION The parent SNAP-IV showed good psychometric properties in a Brazilian school and clinical sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle S Costa
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jonas Jardim de Paula
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Psicologia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Saúde Mental, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marco A Romano-Silva
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Saúde Mental, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Débora M Miranda
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatria, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Porto AA, Costa DDS, Malloy-Diniz LF, Romano-Silva MA, de Paula JJ. "I want it all, I want it all, I want it all, and I want it now!" Is higher impulsivity associated with higher satisfaction with life? Braz J Psychiatry 2019; 41:459-460. [PMID: 31644780 PMCID: PMC6796822 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aline A Porto
- Laboratório de Ensino e Pesquisa em Neuropsicologia (Labep-Neuro), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Danielle de S Costa
- Laboratório de Ensino e Pesquisa em Neuropsicologia (Labep-Neuro), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marco A Romano-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jonas J de Paula
- Laboratório de Ensino e Pesquisa em Neuropsicologia (Labep-Neuro), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
da Silva AG, Leal VP, da Silva PR, Freitas FC, Linhares MN, Walz R, Malloy-Diniz LF, Diaz AP, Palha AP. Difficulties in activities of daily living are associated with stigma in patients with Parkinson's disease who are candidates for deep brain stimulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 42:190-194. [PMID: 31389495 PMCID: PMC7115448 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is often accompanied by stigma, which could contribute to a worse prognosis. The objective of this study is to identify the variables associated with stigma in PD patients who are candidates for deep brain stimulation (DBS). Methods: We investigated sociodemographic and clinical variables associated with stigma in a sample of 54 PD patients indicated for DBS. The independent variables were motor symptoms assessed by the Movement Disorder Society‐sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS III), depressive symptoms measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, age, disease duration and the presence of a general medical condition. The Mobility, Activities of daily living and Emotional well-being domains of the 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) were also investigated as independent variables, and the Stigma domain of the PDQ-39 scale was considered the outcome variable. Results: After multiple linear regression analysis, activities of daily living remained associated with the Stigma domain (B = 0.42 [95%CI 0.003-0.83], p = 0.048). The full model accounted for 15% of the variance in the Stigma domain (p = 0.03). Conclusions: Although causal assumptions are not appropriate for cross-sectional studies, the results suggest that ADL difficulties could contribute to greater stigma in PD patients with refractory motor symptoms who are candidates for DBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa P Leal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Paulo R da Silva
- Instituto de Psiquiatria de Santa Catarina (IPQ-SC), São José, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernando C Freitas
- Ambulatório de Distúrbios do Movimento, Hospital Governador Celso Ramos, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Roger Walz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Antônio P Palha
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ferreira BP, Malloy-Diniz LF, Parma JO, Nogueira NGHM, Apolinário-Souza T, Ugrinowitsch H, Lage GM. Self-Controlled Feedback and Learner Impulsivity in Sequential Motor Learning. Percept Mot Skills 2018; 126:157-179. [DOI: 10.1177/0031512518807341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have attributed self-controlled feedback benefits associated with motor learning to learners' greater information processing during practice. However, individual learner characteristics like their impulsivity can also influence how people engage cognitively during learning. We investigated possible dissociations between the types of interaction in self-controlled knowledge of results (KR) and learner impulsivity levels in learning a sequential motor task. Ninety volunteers responded to the self-restraint section of the Barkley deficits in executive functioning scale, and those 60 participants with the highest ( n = 30) and lowest ( n = 30) impulsivity scores practiced a motor task involving sequential pressing of four keys in predetermined absolute and relative times. We further divided participants into four experimental groups by assigning the high- and low-impulsivity groups to two forms of KR—self-controlled absolute and yoked. Study results showed no interaction effect between impulsivity and self-controlled KR, and, contrary to expectation, self-controlled KR did not benefit learning, independently of impulsivity. However, low-impulsivity participants performed better than high-impulsivity participants on the absolute dimension of the transfer task, while high-impulsivity learners were better at the relative dimension. Cognitive characteristics of automatic and reflexive processing were expressed by the strategies used to direct attention to relative and absolute task dimensions, respectively. Low-impulsivity learners switched their attention to both dimensions at the end of practice, while high-impulsivity learners did not switch their attention or directed it only to the relative dimension at the end of the practice. These results suggest that the cognitive styles of high- and low-impulsive learners differentially favor learning distinct dimensions of a motor task, regardless of self-controlled KR.
Collapse
|
17
|
Oliveira TD, Costa DDS, Albuquerque MR, Malloy-Diniz LF, Miranda DM, de Paula JJ. Cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire - Short Version (PSDQ) for use in Brazil. Braz J Psychiatry 2018; 40:410-419. [PMID: 29898189 PMCID: PMC6899386 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2017-2314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ) is used worldwide to assess three styles (authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive) and seven dimensions of parenting. In this study, we adapted the short version of the PSDQ for use in Brazil and investigated its validity and reliability. METHODS Participants were 451 mothers of children aged 3 to 18 years, though sample size varied with analyses. The translation and adaptation of the PSDQ followed a rigorous methodological approach. Then, we investigated the content, criterion, and construct validity of the adapted instrument. RESULTS The scale content validity index (S-CVI) was considered adequate (0.97). There was evidence of internal validity, with the PSDQ dimensions showing strong correlations with their higher-order parenting styles. Confirmatory factor analysis endorsed the three-factor, second-order solution (i.e., three styles consisting of seven dimensions). The PSDQ showed convergent validity with the validated Brazilian version of the Parenting Styles Inventory (Inventário de Estilos Parentais - IEP), as well as external validity, as it was associated with several instruments measuring sociodemographic and behavioral/emotional-problem variables. CONCLUSION The PSDQ is an effective and reliable psychometric instrument to assess childrearing strategies according to Baumrind's model of parenting styles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaís D Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Danielle de S Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maicon R Albuquerque
- Departamento de Educação Física, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Débora M Miranda
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jonas J de Paula
- Departamento de Psicologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lima IMM, Malloy-Diniz LF, de Miranda DM, Da Silva AG, Neves FS, Johnson SL. Integrative Understanding of Familial Impulsivity, Early Adversity and Suicide Risk. Front Psychol 2018; 8:2240. [PMID: 29312082 PMCID: PMC5743894 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Impulsivity is a core characteristic of bipolar disorder and it was observed as elevated in individuals with the disorder and in their relatives. Both impulsivity and history of maltreatment are risk factors for suicide attempts, however, these two key variables may not be independent, given the fact that parental impulsivity and associated social context could increase the risk of child maltreatment. In this study it was examined the association between the impulsivity of relatives and child maltreatment taking into consideration the conjoint and unique effects of these two variables on the risk of suicide attempts among the patients. Materials and Methods: Participants of the study consisted of 117 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder and 25 first-degree relatives. Linear regression model was conducted to describe associations between facets of impulsivity of relatives and levels of child maltreatment reported by patients. The independent associations of suicide attempt history with the dimensions of impulsivity of the patient and maltreatment were tested by multinomial logistic regression. Results: Impulsivity of relatives and, more specifically, inhibitory control can predict the maltreatment of the patient. Inhibitory control and emotional abuse were related, conjointly, to a greater likelihood of having a history of more than one suicide attempt. Discussion: Considering that the impulsivity of relatives predicts child maltreatment, it is possible that a genetically shared impulsivity is an underlying feature associated with the history of multiple suicide attempts. These findings highlight the importance of considering child maltreatment, impulsivity and suicide attempt history in integrative models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabela M M Lima
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Débora M de Miranda
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando S Neves
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sheri L Johnson
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Malloy-Diniz LF, Miranda DM, Grassi-Oliveira R. Editorial: Executive Functions in Psychiatric Disorders. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1461. [PMID: 28928684 PMCID: PMC5591960 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Molecular Medicine, Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil.,Ilumina Neurosciences and Mental HealthBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Débora M Miranda
- Molecular Medicine, Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group (GNCD), Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Soraggi-Frez C, Santos FH, Albuquerque PB, Malloy-Diniz LF. Disentangling Working Memory Functioning in Mood States of Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review. Front Psychol 2017; 8:574. [PMID: 28491042 PMCID: PMC5405335 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Working memory (WM) deficits are often reported in patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD). However, it is not clear about the nature of these WM deficits (update or serial order processes) and their association with each BD states (euthymic, mania, and depressive). This review investigated the association between BD patient's states and the functioning of WM components. For this purpose, we carried out a systematic review fulfilling a search in the databases Medline, Scopus, SciELO, and Web of Science using specific terms in the abstracts of the articles that generated 212 outcomes in the restricted period from 2005 to 2016. Twenty-three papers were selected, completely read, and analyzed using PICOS strategy. The mood episodes predicted deficits in different components of WM in BD patients (the phonological loop or visuospatial sketchpad) and were associated with different WM processes (updating and serial recall). Lower cognitive scores persist even in remission of symptoms. This result suggests that WM deficit apparently is stage-independent in BD patients. Furthermore, findings suggest that the neutral point on Hedonic Detector component of WM could be maladjusted by BD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Soraggi-Frez
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy and Human Sciences, Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Flávia H Santos
- School of Psychology (CIPsi), University of MinhoBraga, Portugal
| | | | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Department of Mental Health, National Science and Technology Institutes (INCT-MM), Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sediyama CYN, Moura R, Garcia MS, da Silva AG, Soraggi C, Neves FS, Albuquerque MR, Whiteside SP, Malloy-Diniz LF. Factor Analysis of the Brazilian Version of UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale. Front Psychol 2017; 8:622. [PMID: 28484414 PMCID: PMC5403428 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To examine the internal consistency and factor structure of the Brazilian adaptation of the UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale. Methods: UPPS is a self-report scale composed by 40 items assessing four factors of impulsivity: (a) urgency, (b) lack of premeditation; (c) lack of perseverance; (d) sensation seeking. In the present study 384 participants (278 women and 106 men), who were recruited from schools, universities, leisure centers and workplaces fulfilled the UPPS scale. An exploratory factor analysis was performed by using Varimax factor rotation and Kaiser Normalization, and we also conducted two confirmatory analyses to test the independency of the UPPS components found in previous analysis. Results: Results showed a decrease in mean UPPS total scores with age and this analysis showed that the youngest participants (below 30 years) scored significantly higher than the other groups over 30 years. No difference in gender was found. Cronbach's alpha, results indicated satisfactory values for all subscales, with similar high values for the subscales and confirmatory factor analysis indexes also indicated a poor model fit. The results of two exploratory factor analysis were satisfactory. Conclusion: Our results showed that the Portuguese version has the same four-factor structure of the original and previous translations of the UPPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo Moura
- Department of Basic Psychological Processes, Institute of Psychology, University of Brasília, BrasíliaBrazil
| | - Marina S. Garcia
- Molecular Medicine Department at Federal University of Minas Gerais - INCT, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo HorizonteBrazil
| | | | - Carolina Soraggi
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Fernando S. Neves
- Molecular Medicine Department at Federal University of Minas Gerais - INCT, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo HorizonteBrazil
| | | | | | - Leandro F. Malloy-Diniz
- Molecular Medicine Department at Federal University of Minas Gerais - INCT, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo HorizonteBrazil
- Brazilian Society of Dual Pathology, Ilumina Neurosciences and Mental Health, Belo HorizonteBrazil
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
de Paula JJ, Malloy-Diniz LF, Romano-Silva MA. Reliability of working memory assessment in neurocognitive disorders: a study of the Digit Span and Corsi Block-Tapping tasks. Braz J Psychiatry 2017; 38:262-3. [PMID: 27579598 PMCID: PMC7194262 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2015-1879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas J de Paula
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular (INCT-MM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Psicologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular (INCT-MM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marco A Romano-Silva
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular (INCT-MM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kluwe-Schiavon B, Viola TW, Sanvicente-Vieira B, Malloy-Diniz LF, Grassi-Oliveira R. Balancing Automatic-Controlled Behaviors and Emotional-Salience States: A Dynamic Executive Functioning Hypothesis. Front Psychol 2017; 7:2067. [PMID: 28154541 PMCID: PMC5243844 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.02067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been growing interest in understanding how executive functions are conceptualized in psychopathology. Since several models have been proposed, the major issue lies within the definition of executive functioning itself. Theoretical discussions have emerged, narrowing the boundaries between “hot” and “cold” executive functions or between self-regulation and cognitive control. Nevertheless, the definition of executive functions is far from a consensual proposition and it has been suggested that these models might be outdated. Current efforts indicate that human behavior and cognition are by-products of many brain systems operating and interacting at different levels, and therefore, it is very simplistic to assume a dualistic perspective of information processing. Based upon an adaptive perspective, we discuss how executive functions could emerge from the ability to solve immediate problems and to generalize successful strategies, as well as from the ability to synthesize and to classify environmental information in order to predict context and future. We present an executive functioning perspective that emerges from the dynamic balance between automatic-controlled behaviors and an emotional-salience state. According to our perspective, the adaptive role of executive functioning is to automatize efficient solutions simultaneously with cognitive demand, enabling individuals to engage such processes with increasingly complex problems. Understanding executive functioning as a mediator of stress and cognitive engagement not only fosters discussions concerning individual differences, but also offers an important paradigm to understand executive functioning as a continuum process rather than a categorical and multicomponent structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Kluwe-Schiavon
- Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakopsychologie, Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik ZürichZürich, Switzerland; Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Graduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Thiago W Viola
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Graduate Program in Pediatrics and Child Health, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Breno Sanvicente-Vieira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Graduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Department of Mental Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil; LUMINA Neurosciences and Mental Health InstituteBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Graduate Program in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto AlegreBrazil; Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Graduate Program in Pediatrics and Child Health, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto AlegreBrazil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Albuquerque MR, Malloy-Diniz LF, Romano-Silva MA, de Paula JJ, de Castro Neves M, Lage GM. Can Eye Fixation During the Grooved Pegboard Test Distinguish Between Planning and Online Correction? Percept Mot Skills 2016; 124:380-392. [PMID: 28361648 DOI: 10.1177/0031512516685000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Grooved Pegboard Test, in its standard use, has well-documented utility. However, a revised methodology needs further study, leading us to investigate whether duration of eye fixation could predict performance on different task conditions of the Grooved Pegboard Test (place and remove pegs) with the preferred and nonpreferred hands. Fifty-two right-handed undergraduate students (33 male and 19 female), with a mean age of 22.22 (±3.57) years, performed the Grooved Pegboard Test. SensoMotoric eye-tracking glasses with a binocular time resolution of 30 Hz were used to measure eye fixation. The videos were recorded in iView software, and data were analyzed using BeGaze software. The number and duration of eye fixations were statistically different with preferred and nonpreferred hands and also differed across tasks. Simple linear regression showed eye fixation duration to predict movement time in the place task (preferred hand: R2 = 31%; nonpreferred hand: R2 = 41%) and in the remove task (preferred hand: R2 = 11%; nonpreferred hand: R2 = 25%). Thus, duration of eye fixation during the Grooved Pegboard Test differentially predicted performance with each hand and on preferred and different subtests of this instrument.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maicon R Albuquerque
- 1 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- 1 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marco A Romano-Silva
- 1 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jonas J de Paula
- 1 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme M Lage
- 1 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Costa MV, Diniz MF, Nascimento KK, Pereira KS, Dias NS, Malloy-Diniz LF, Diniz BS. Accuracy of three depression screening scales to diagnose major depressive episodes in older adults without neurocognitive disorders. Braz J Psychiatry 2016; 38:154-6. [PMID: 27304758 PMCID: PMC7111373 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2015-1818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the sensitivity and specificity of three depression screening scales to diagnose major depressive episodes in the elderly. METHODS Participants (n=129, 88% female) answered a semi-structured psychiatric interview (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview) to determine the diagnosis of major depressive disorder. After this, depressive symptoms in depressed and non-depressed subjects were assessed by independent administration of the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HDRS-17). RESULTS Patients with major depression and controls did not differ in age and gender distribution. The sensitivity and specificity of all scales to identify a major depressive episode in older adults were ≥ 90%. There were no significant differences between the areas under the curve for PHQ-9 vs. HDRS-17 (z = 1.2, p = 0.2), PHQ-9 vs. GDS-15 (z = 0.26, p = 0.8), or HDRS-17 vs. GDS-15 (z = 1.2, p = 0.2). CONCLUSION This study provides evidence supporting the use of PHQ-9 and GDS-15, both of which are simple to administer and easy to interpret, to diagnose major depressive episodes in older adults without neurocognitive disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mônica V Costa
- Laboratório de Investigação em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG , Brazil, Laboratório de Investigação em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maissa F Diniz
- Laboratório de Investigação em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG , Brazil, Laboratório de Investigação em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Kenia K Nascimento
- Laboratório de Investigação em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG , Brazil, Laboratório de Investigação em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Kelly S Pereira
- Laboratório de Investigação em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG , Brazil, Laboratório de Investigação em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Natalia S Dias
- Laboratório de Investigação em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG , Brazil, Laboratório de Investigação em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Laboratório de Investigação em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG , Brazil, Laboratório de Investigação em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG , Brazil, Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Breno S Diniz
- Laboratório de Investigação em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG , Brazil, Laboratório de Investigação em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG , Brazil, Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX , USA, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gomes-Tiago AP, Costa DDS, Alvim-Soares AM, Malloy-Diniz LF, de Miranda DM. Sleep duration and intensity of ADHD symptoms. Braz J Psychiatry 2016; 38:348-349. [PMID: 27828562 PMCID: PMC7111357 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2015-1847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda P Gomes-Tiago
- Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Danielle de S Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Molecular, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - Medicina Molecular (INCT-MM), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Débora M de Miranda
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - Medicina Molecular (INCT-MM), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
de Almondes KM, Costa MV, Malloy-Diniz LF, Diniz BS. The Relationship between Sleep Complaints, Depression, and Executive Functions on Older Adults. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1547. [PMID: 27774078 PMCID: PMC5054021 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: In this manuscript, we report data on the association between executive functions screened by Frontal Assessment Battery, Five Digit Test and Digit Span with self-reported depressive symptoms and sleep complaints in non-demented older adults. Methods: A total sample of 95 non-demented older adults performed Geriatric Depression Scale short version, Frontal Assessment Battery, Five Digit Test, Digit Span, and clinical interview. We split participants in groups stratified by age according to: young-old (60–69 years of age), old-old (70–79 years), and oldest-old (>80 years) and compared these three groups on the sociodemographic characteristics and executive functions performance. We carried out Poisson regression with robust error variance to verify sleep complaints and depression effects on executive functions performance. Gender, age, years of formal education, use of antidepressants and of benzodiazepines were considered as confounding variables, taking into account executive functions as dependent and sleep complaints and depression as independent variables. Results: Controlling the effect of age, gender, years of formal education, use of benzodiazepines and of antidepressants there was a significant influence of depression in motor programming, inhibitory control, and working memory. Individuals without depression show motor programming scores 68.4% higher, inhibitory control scores 3 times greater and working memory scores also 3 times greater than individuals without depression. There was a significant influence of sleep complaints in phonemic fluency, motor programming, inhibitory control, and working memory. Individuals without sleep complaints show phonemic fluency scores 2 times greater than, motor programming scores 85.9% higher, inhibitory control scores 3 times greater and working memory scores also 3 times greater than individuals without sleep complaints. Conclusions: Sleep complaints are associated with phonemic fluency, motor programming, inhibitory control, and working memory impairment. Depression symptoms presence are associated with motor programming and working memory performances. Depression and sleep complaints interaction would determine worse phonemic fluency, inhibitory control and working memory cognitive performance than these two conditions alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie M de Almondes
- Group of Research Neuroscience Applied, Basic Process and Chronobiolog, Department of Psychology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal, Brazil
| | - Mônica V Costa
- Laboratory for Investigations in Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Department of Mental Health, School of Medicine, National Institute of Science & Technology Molecular Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Breno S Diniz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Medeiros W, Torro-Alves N, Malloy-Diniz LF, Minervino CM. Executive Functions in Children Who Experience Bullying Situations. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1197. [PMID: 27616998 PMCID: PMC5000580 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bullying is characterized by intentional, repetitive, and persistent aggressive behavior that causes damage to the victim. Many studies investigate the social and emotional aspects related to bullying, but few assess the cognitive aspects it involves. Studies with aggressive individuals indicate impairment in executive functioning and decision-making. The objective of this study was to assess hot and cold executive functions in children who experience bullying. A total of 60 children between 10 and 11 years of age were included in the study. They were divided into four groups: aggressors (bullies), victims, bully-victims, and control. Tests for decision-making, inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility were used. The bully group made more unfavorable choices on the Iowa Gambling Task, which may indicate difficulties in the decision-making process. The victim group took longer to complete the Trail Making Test (Part B) than aggressors, suggesting lower cognitive flexibility in victims. The hypothesis that aggressors would have lower performance in other executive functions such as inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility has not been confirmed. This study indicates that bullies have an impairment of hot executive functions whereas victims have a comparatively lower performance in cold executive functions. In addition to social and cultural variables, neurocognitive and emotional factors seem to influence the behavior of children in bullying situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wandersonia Medeiros
- Laboratory of Cognitive Sciences and Perception-Laboratory of Mental Health, Education and Psychometric, Universidade Federal da Paraíba Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Nelson Torro-Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Behaviour, Laboratory of Cognitive Sciences and Perception, Universidade Federal da Paraíba Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- ILUMINA Neurosciences, LINC-INCT, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Carla M Minervino
- Postgraduate Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Behaviour, Laboratory of Mental Health, Education and Psychometric, Universidade Federal da Paraíba Paraíba, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Mourao RJ, Mansur G, Malloy-Diniz LF, Castro Costa E, Diniz BS. Depressive symptoms increase the risk of progression to dementia in subjects with mild cognitive impairment: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2016; 31:905-11. [PMID: 26680599 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a long-standing debate in the literature whether depressive symptoms increase the risk of dementia in older with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We aim to conduct a meta-analysis of studies that evaluated the risk of dementia in subjects with MCI and depressive symptoms compared with subjects with MCI and no depressive symptoms. METHODS We calculated the relative risk of progression to dementia in subjects with MCI and depressive symptoms compared with subjects with MCI and no depressive symptoms using a generic inverse variance method with random effect models. RESULTS Eighteen studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a sample size of 10,861 MCI subjects. The pooled relative risk of progressing to dementia was 1.28 CI95% [1.09-1.52] (p = 0.003) in the group of MCI subjects with depressive symptoms compared with the MCI subjects with no depressive symptoms. DISCUSSION Our results provide additional evidence that depressive symptoms determine an additive risk effect to the progression to dementia in subjects with MCI. The comorbidity between depression and cognitive impairment can be an intervention target for prevention of dementia in MCI subjects. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raimundo J Mourao
- Laboratory for Investigations in Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Mansur
- Laboratory for Investigations in Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Laboratory for Investigations in Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Erico Castro Costa
- Epidemiology Section, Rene Rachou Research Center - FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Breno S Diniz
- Laboratory for Investigations in Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Houston Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Costa DDS, de Paula JJ, Alvim-Soares AM, Pereira PA, Malloy-Diniz LF, Rodrigues LOC, Romano-Silva MA, de Miranda DM. COMT Val(158)Met Polymorphism Is Associated with Verbal Working Memory in Neurofibromatosis Type 1. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:334. [PMID: 27458360 PMCID: PMC4932101 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is a neurogenetic disease marked by multiple cognitive and learning problems. Genetic variants may account for phenotypic variance in NF1. Here, we investigated the association between the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val(158)Met polymorphism and working memory and arithmetic performance in 50 NF1 individuals. A significant association of the COMT polymorphism was observed only with verbal working memory, as measured by the backward digit-span task with an advantageous performance for Met/Met carriers. To study how genetic modifiers influence NF1 cognitive performance might be of importance to decrease the unpredictability of the cognitive profile among NF1 patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle de Souza Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jonas J. de Paula
- Postgraduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Antonio M. Alvim-Soares
- Postgraduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Patrícia A. Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leandro F. Malloy-Diniz
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology of Molecular MedicineBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luiz O. C. Rodrigues
- Neurofibromatosis Outpatient Reference Center, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marco A. Romano-Silva
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology of Molecular MedicineBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Débora M. de Miranda
- National Institute of Science and Technology of Molecular MedicineBelo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
de Paula JJ, Albuquerque MR, Lage GM, Bicalho MA, Romano-Silva MA, Malloy-Diniz LF. Impairment of fine motor dexterity in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease dementia: association with activities of daily living. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 38:235-8. [PMID: 27508398 PMCID: PMC7194270 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2015-1874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive impairment is a hallmark of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD). Although the cognitive profile of these patients and its association with activities of daily living (ADLs) is well documented, few studies have assessed deficits in fine motor dexterity and their association with ADL performance. The objective of this research paper is to evaluate fine motor dexterity performance among MCI and AD patients and to investigate its association with different aspects of ADLs. METHODS We assessed normal aging controls, patients with multiple- and single-domain amnestic MCI (aMCI), and patients with mild AD. Fine motor dexterity was measured with the Nine-Hole Peg Test and cognitive functioning by the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale. We analyzed the data using general linear models. RESULTS Patients with AD or multiple-domain aMCI had slower motor responses when compared to controls. AD patients were slower than those with single-domain aMCI. We found associations between cognition and instrumental ADLs, and between fine motor dexterity and self-care ADLs. CONCLUSION We observed progressive slowing of fine motor dexterity along the normal aging-MCI-AD spectrum, which was associated with autonomy in self-care ADLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas J de Paula
- Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular (INCT-MM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Psicologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais (FCMMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maicon R Albuquerque
- Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular (INCT-MM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M Lage
- Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular (INCT-MM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Educação Física, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria A Bicalho
- Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular (INCT-MM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marco A Romano-Silva
- Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular (INCT-MM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular (INCT-MM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Paula JJD, Costa DDS, Oliveira F, Alves JO, Passos LR, Malloy-Diniz LF. Impulsivity and compulsive buying are associated in a non-clinical sample: an evidence for the compulsivity-impulsivity continuum? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 37:242-4. [PMID: 26376055 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2014-1644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Compulsive buying is controversial in clinical psychiatry. Although it is defined as an obsessive-compulsive disorder, other personality aspects besides compulsivity are related to compulsive buying. Recent studies suggest that compulsivity and impulsivity might represent a continuum, with several psychiatric disorders lying between these two extremes. In this sense, and following the perspective of dimensional psychiatry, symptoms of impulsivity and compulsivity should correlate even in a non-clinical sample. The present study aims to investigate whether these two traits are associated in a healthy adult sample. METHODS We evaluated 100 adults, with no self-reported psychiatric disorders, using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 and two scales of compulsive buying. RESULTS Using multiple linear regressions, we found that impulsivity accounted for about 15% of variance in the compulsive-buying measure. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that an association between impulsivity and compulsive buying occurs even in non-clinical samples, evidence that compulsivity and impulsivity might form a continuum and that compulsive buying might be an intermediate condition between these two personality traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas J de Paula
- National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, BR
| | - Danielle de S Costa
- National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, BR
| | | | - Joana O Alves
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, BR
| | - Lídia R Passos
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, BR
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, BR
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
de Paula JJ, Bicalho MA, Ávila RT, Cintra MTG, Diniz BS, Romano-Silva MA, Malloy-Diniz LF. A Reanalysis of Cognitive-Functional Performance in Older Adults: Investigating the Interaction Between Normal Aging, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Mild Alzheimer's Disease Dementia, and Depression. Front Psychol 2016; 6:2061. [PMID: 26858666 PMCID: PMC4727063 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.02061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Depressive symptoms are associated with cognitive-functional impairment in normal aging older adults (NA). However, less is known about this effect on people with mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and mild Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD). We investigated this relationship along with the NA-MCI-AD continuum by reanalyzing a previously published dataset. Participants (N = 274) underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessment including measures of Executive Function, Language/Semantic Memory, Episodic Memory, Visuospatial Abilities, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and the Geriatric Depression Scale. MANOVA, logistic regression and chi-square tests were performed to assess the association between depression and cognitive-functional performance in each group. In the NA group, depressed participants had a lower performance compared to non-depressed participants in all cognitive and functional domains. However, the same pattern was not observed in the MCI group or in AD. The results suggest a progressive loss of association between depression and worse cognitive-functional performance along the NA-MCI-AD continuum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas J de Paula
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Psychology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria A Bicalho
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil; Reference Center for Geriatrics Instituto Jenny de Andrade Faria, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rafaela T Ávila
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil; Reference Center for Geriatrics Instituto Jenny de Andrade Faria, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marco T G Cintra
- Reference Center for Geriatrics Instituto Jenny de Andrade Faria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Breno S Diniz
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marco A Romano-Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Malloy-Diniz LF, Paula JJD, Vasconcelos AG, Almondes KMD, Pessoa R, Faria L, Coutinho G, Costa DS, Duran V, Coutinho TV, Corrêa H, Fuentes D, Abreu N, Mattos P. Normative data of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale 11 (BIS-11) for Brazilian adults. Braz J Psychiatry 2015; 37:245-8. [DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2014-1599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Leonardo Faria
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, BR
| | - Gabriel Coutinho
- Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | | | | | | | - Humberto Corrêa
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, BR
| | | | | | - Paulo Mattos
- Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Albuquerque MR, Franchini E, Lage GM, Da Costa VT, Costa IT, Malloy-Diniz LF. THE RELATIVE AGE EFFECT IN COMBAT SPORTS: AN ANALYSIS OF OLYMPIC JUDO ATHLETES, 1964-2012. Percept Mot Skills 2015; 121:300-8. [PMID: 26302193 DOI: 10.2466/10.pms.121c15x2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the relative age effect (RAE) in judo athletes who participated in the Olympic Games from 1964 to 2012. The names and birthdates of the Olympic judo athletes were collected from open-access websites. Data from male (n=1,762) and female (n=665) competitors were analyzed separately. Chi-squared tests were performed to investigate REA in medalists, and by weight categories and sexes. When the analyses used semesters to divide the period when the athletes were born, a RAE was found in male heavyweight athletes and male medallists. Thus, in a selected group of judo athletes who had participated at the highest competitive level, RAEs were present in both athletes who won Olympic medals and heavyweight athletes in the male group.
Collapse
|
36
|
de Paula JJ, Diniz BS, Bicalho MA, Albuquerque MR, Nicolato R, de Moraes EN, Romano-Silva MA, Malloy-Diniz LF. Specific cognitive functions and depressive symptoms as predictors of activities of daily living in older adults with heterogeneous cognitive backgrounds. Front Aging Neurosci 2015; 7:139. [PMID: 26257644 PMCID: PMC4507055 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive functioning influences activities of daily living (ADL). However, studies reporting the association between ADL and neuropsychological performance show inconsistent results regarding what specific cognitive domains are related to each specific functional domains. Additionally, whether depressive symptoms are associated with a worse functional performance in older adults is still under explored. We investigated if specific cognitive domains and depressive symptoms would affect different aspects of ADL. Participants were 274 older adults (96 normal aging participants, 85 patients with mild cognitive impairment, and 93 patients probable with mild Alzheimer's disease dementia) with low formal education (∼4 years). Measures of ADL included three complexity levels: Self-care, Instrumental-Domestic, and Instrumental-Complex. The specific cognitive functions were evaluated through a factorial strategy resulting in four cognitive domains: Executive Functions, Language/Semantic Memory, Episodic Memory, and Visuospatial Abilities. The Geriatric Depression Scale measured depressive symptoms. Multiple linear regression analysis showed executive functions and episodic memory as significant predictors of Instrumental-Domestic ADL, and executive functions, episodic memory and language/semantic memory as predictors of Instrumental-Complex ADL (22 and 28% of explained variance, respectively). Ordinal regression analysis showed the influence of specific cognitive functions and depressive symptoms on each one of the instrumental ADL. We observed a heterogeneous pattern of association with explained variance ranging from 22 to 38%. Different instrumental ADL had specific cognitive predictors and depressive symptoms were predictive of ADL involving social contact. Our results suggest a specific pattern of influence depending on the specific instrumental daily living activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas J de Paula
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia e em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Department of Psychology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Breno S Diniz
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia e em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria A Bicalho
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia e em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maicon Rodrigues Albuquerque
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia e em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Viçosa Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Nicolato
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia e em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Edgar N de Moraes
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia e em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marco A Romano-Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia e em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia e em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Department of Mental Health, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bertola L, Mota NB, Copelli M, Satler/S. Diniz B, Ribeiro S, Malloy-Diniz LF. P4‐111: Semantic network and executive aspects impact semantic verbal fluency task in healthy elderly, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease patients. Alzheimers Dement 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2015.06.1817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laiss Bertola
- Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | | | | | | | - Sidarta Ribeiro
- Federal University of Rio Grande do NorteBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fiaux do Nascimento KK, Pereira KS, Satler/S. Diniz B, Malloy-Diniz LF, Butters M. P3‐092: Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid amyloid‐b levels in late‐life depression: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Alzheimers Dement 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2015.06.959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
39
|
Fuentes D, Rzezak P, Pereira FR, Malloy-Diniz LF, Santos LC, Duran FLS, Barreiros MA, Castro CC, Busatto GF, Tavares H, Gorenstein C. Mapping brain volumetric abnormalities in never-treated pathological gamblers. Psychiatry Res 2015; 232:208-13. [PMID: 25952288 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Several magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies to date have investigated brain abnormalities in association with the diagnosis of pathological gambling (PG), but very few of these have specifically searched for brain volume differences between PG patients and healthy volunteers (HV). To investigate brain volume differences between PG patients and HV, 30 male never-treated PG patients (DSM-IV-TR criteria) and 30 closely matched HV without history of psychiatric disorders in the past 2 years underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging with a 1.5-T instrument. Using Freesurfer software, we performed an exploratory whole-brain voxelwise volume comparison between the PG group and the HV group, with false-discovery rate correction for multiple comparisons (p < 0.05). Using a more flexible statistical threshold (p < 0.01, uncorrected for multiple comparisons), we also measured absolute and regional volumes of several brain structures separately. The voxelwise analysis showed no clusters of significant regional differences between the PG and HV groups. The additional analyses of absolute and regional brain volumes showed increased absolute global gray matter volumes in PG patients relative to the HV group, as well as relatively decreased volumes specifically in the left putamen, right thalamus and right hippocampus (corrected for total gray matter). Our findings indicate that structural brain abnormalities may contribute to the functional changes associated with the symptoms of PG, and they highlight the relevance of the brain reward system to the pathophysiology of this disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fuentes
- Psychology & Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Clinical Hospital, Medical School, University of São Paulo (IPq-HCFMUSP), Integrated Laboratories of Neuropsychology (LINEU), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Rzezak
- Department of Psychiatry, HCFMUSP, Brazil; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabricio R Pereira
- Department of Psychiatry, HCFMUSP, Brazil; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Department of Mental Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais-UFMG, LINEU, Brazil
| | - Luciana C Santos
- Department of Psychiatry, HCFMUSP, Brazil; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio L S Duran
- Department of Psychiatry, HCFMUSP, Brazil; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Geraldo F Busatto
- Department of Psychiatry, HCFMUSP, Brazil; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Clarice Gorenstein
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences USP, Laboratory of Psychopharmacology-LIM-23, IPq-HCFMUSP, Brazil; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Assis LDO, de Paula JJ, Assis MG, de Moraes EN, Malloy-Diniz LF. Psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of Pfeffer's Functional Activities Questionnaire. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:255. [PMID: 25309432 PMCID: PMC4174881 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pfeffer's Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ) is one of the most commonly employed tools in studies on pathological cognitive aging. Despite the different versions of the questionnaire translated for use in clinical practice, few studies have analyzed the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the FAQ (P-FAQ). Thus, the aim of the present study was to analyze the P-FAQ with regard to internal consistency, factorial structure and associations with demographic factors (age, sex, and schooling), depressive symptoms, cognitive measures and other measures of functionality. One hundred sixty-one older adults were divided into four groups (91 with dementia, 46 with mild cognitive impairment, 11 with psychiatric disorders and 13 healthy controls). All participants were evaluated by cognitive, behavioral and functional tests and scales. Their caregivers answered the P-FAQ. The questionnaire showed high internal consistency (α = 0.91). Factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure, which, accounted for 66% of the total variance. The P-FAQ was not correlated with demographic factors, was weakly correlated with depressive symptoms (ϱ = 0.271, p < 0.01, R2 = 7%) and strongly correlated with cognitive measures (Matttis Dementia Rating Scale total score: ϱ = −0.574, p < 0.01, R2 = 33%) as well as complex instrumental activities of daily living (ϱ = −0.845, p < 0.01, R2 = 71%). Cognitive performance and depression status were independent predictors of P-FAQ scores in regression models. The present findings indicate that the P-FAQ has satisfactory reliability, internal consistency, construct validity and ecological validity. Therefore, this questionnaire can be used in clinical practice and research involving the Brazilian population of older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana de Oliveira Assis
- Post Graduation Program in Neuroscience, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Health, FUMEC University Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jonas J de Paula
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil ; Faculty of Medicine, National Institute of Science and Technology - Molecular Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcella G Assis
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Edgar N de Moraes
- Department of Clinics, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Faculty of Medicine, National Institute of Science and Technology - Molecular Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Laboratory of Neuropsychological Investigations (LIN), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bertola L, Mota NB, Copelli M, Rivero T, Diniz BS, Romano-Silva MA, Ribeiro S, Malloy-Diniz LF. Graph analysis of verbal fluency test discriminate between patients with Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment and normal elderly controls. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:185. [PMID: 25120480 PMCID: PMC4114204 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Verbal fluency is the ability to produce a satisfying sequence of spoken words during a given time interval. The core of verbal fluency lies in the capacity to manage the executive aspects of language. The standard scores of the semantic verbal fluency test are broadly used in the neuropsychological assessment of the elderly, and different analytical methods are likely to extract even more information from the data generated in this test. Graph theory, a mathematical approach to analyze relations between items, represents a promising tool to understand a variety of neuropsychological states. This study reports a graph analysis of data generated by the semantic verbal fluency test by cognitively healthy elderly (NC), patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment-subtypes amnestic (aMCI) and amnestic multiple domain (a+mdMCI)-and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Sequences of words were represented as a speech graph in which every word corresponded to a node and temporal links between words were represented by directed edges. To characterize the structure of the data we calculated 13 speech graph attributes (SGA). The individuals were compared when divided in three (NC-MCI-AD) and four (NC-aMCI-a+mdMCI-AD) groups. When the three groups were compared, significant differences were found in the standard measure of correct words produced, and three SGA: diameter, average shortest path, and network density. SGA sorted the elderly groups with good specificity and sensitivity. When the four groups were compared, the groups differed significantly in network density, except between the two MCI subtypes and NC and aMCI. The diameter of the network and the average shortest path were significantly different between the NC and AD, and between aMCI and AD. SGA sorted the elderly in their groups with good specificity and sensitivity, performing better than the standard score of the task. These findings provide support for a new methodological frame to assess the strength of semantic memory through the verbal fluency task, with potential to amplify the predictive power of this test. Graph analysis is likely to become clinically relevant in neurology and psychiatry, and may be particularly useful for the differential diagnosis of the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laiss Bertola
- Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience Investigations, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Natália B Mota
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal, Brazil
| | - Mauro Copelli
- Physics Department, Federal University of Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
| | - Thiago Rivero
- Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience Investigations, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Breno Satler Diniz
- Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience Investigations, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marco A Romano-Silva
- Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Faculty of Medicine, National Institute of Science and Technology - Molecular Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sidarta Ribeiro
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience Investigations, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Costa DDS, Paula JJD, Alvim-Soares Júnior AM, Diniz BS, Romano-Silva MA, Malloy-Diniz LF, Miranda DMD. ADHD inattentive symptoms mediate the relationship between intelligence and academic performance in children aged 6-14. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 36:313-21. [PMID: 25028778 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fluid intelligence and the behavioral problems of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are related to academic performance, but how this association occurs is unclear. This study aimed to assess mediation and moderation models that test possible pathways of influence between these factors. METHODS Sixty-two children with ADHD and 33 age-matched, typically developing students were evaluated with Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices and the spelling and arithmetic subtests of the Brazilian School Achievement Test. Dimensional ADHD symptomatology was reported by parents. RESULTS Our findings suggest that fluid intelligence has a significant impact on academic tests through inattention. The inattentive dimension was the principal behavioral source of influence, also accounting for the association of hyperactive-impulsive manifestations with school achievement. This cognitive-to-behavioral influence path seems to be independent of diagnosis related group, and gender, but lower socioeconomic status might increase its strength. CONCLUSION Fluid intelligence is a relevant factor in the influence of ADHD behavioral symptoms on academic performance, but its impact is indirect. Therefore, early identification of both fluid intelligence and inattentive symptoms is of the utmost importance to prevent impaired academic performance and future difficulties in functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle de S Costa
- National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jonas J de Paula
- National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Antônio M Alvim-Soares Júnior
- National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Breno S Diniz
- National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marco A Romano-Silva
- National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Débora M de Miranda
- National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bertola L, Cunha Lima ML, Romano-Silva MA, de Moraes EN, Diniz BS, Malloy-Diniz LF. Impaired generation of new subcategories and switching in a semantic verbal fluency test in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:141. [PMID: 25071550 PMCID: PMC4076742 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The semantic verbal fluency task is broadly used in the neuropsychological assessment of elderly subjects. Even some studies have identified differences in verbal fluency clustering and switching measures between subjects with normal aging and a clinical condition such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease, the results are not always consistent. This study aimed to compare clustering and switching measures of an animal's semantic verbal fluency task among normal controls (NC, n = 25), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI; n = 25), amnestic multiple domain Mild Cognitive Impairment (a+mdMCI; n = 25) and Alzheimer's disease (AD; n = 25) Brazilian subjects. The analyses were executed considering three (unifying the MCI subtypes) and four groups. As the data were not normally distributed, we carried out non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests) to evaluate the differences in performance in the measures of the verbal fluency test among the groups. The comparison demonstrated that the groups differed in the total of correct words produced, number of clusters and switching but the measure of new subcategories was the only with significant difference among the NC and all the clinical groups. The measure of new subcategories is the number of original subcategories inside the higher category of animals that the subject produced, such as farm, domestic, African animals. Our results indicate that semantic memory impairment is a visible and recent deficit that occurs even in non-demented subjects with very MCI and the implications of these findings are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laiss Bertola
- Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience Investigations, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; National Institute of Science and Technology in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Marco A Romano-Silva
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Edgar N de Moraes
- Medical Clinic Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Breno Satler Diniz
- Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience Investigations, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; National Institute of Science and Technology in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience Investigations, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; National Institute of Science and Technology in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lage GM, Miranda DM, Romano-Silva MA, Campos SB, Albuquerque MR, Corrêa H, Malloy-Diniz LF. Association between the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism and manual aiming control in healthy subjects. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99698. [PMID: 24956262 PMCID: PMC4067272 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prefrontal dopamine is catabolized by the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) enzyme. Current evidence suggests that the val/met single nucleotide polymorphism in the COMT gene can predict the efficiency of executive cognition in humans. Individuals carrying the val allele perform more poorly because less synaptic dopamine is available. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We investigated the influence of the COMT polymorphism on motor performance in a task that requires different executive functions. We administered a manual aiming motor task that was performed under four different conditions of execution by 111 healthy participants. Participants were grouped according to genotype (met/met, met/val, val/val), and the motor performance among groups was compared. Overall, the results indicate that met/met carriers presented lower levels of peak velocity during the movement trajectory than the val carriers, but met/met carriers displayed higher accuracy than the val carriers. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE This study found a significant association between the COMT polymorphism and manual aiming control. Few studies have investigated the genetics of motor control, and these findings indicate that individual differences in motor control require further investigation using genetic studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme M. Lage
- Grupo de Estudo em Desenvolvimento Motor e Aprendizagem Motora (GEDAM), Departamento de Educação Física, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- INCT de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Débora M. Miranda
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- INCT de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marco A. Romano-Silva
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- INCT de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Simone B. Campos
- INCT de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maicon R. Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- INCT de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Humberto Corrêa
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- INCT de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leandro F. Malloy-Diniz
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurociências Clínicas (LINC), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- INCT de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Paula JJD, Bertola L, Ávila RTD, Assis LDO, Albuquerque M, Bicalho MA, Moraes END, Nicolato R, Malloy-Diniz LF. Development, validity, and reliability of the General Activities of Daily Living Scale: a multidimensional measure of activities of daily living for older people. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 36:143-52. [PMID: 24554276 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2012-1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To propose and evaluate the psychometric properties of a multidimensional measure of activities of daily living (ADLs) based on the Katz and Lawton indices for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS In this study, 85 patients with MCI and 93 with AD, stratified by age (≤ 74 years, > 74 years), completed the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Geriatric Depression Scale, and their caregivers completed scales for ADLs. Construct validity (factor analysis), reliability (internal consistency), and criterion-related validity (receiver operating characteristic analysis and logistic regression) were assessed. RESULTS Three factors of ADL (self-care, domestic activities, and complex activities) were identified and used for item reorganization and for the creation of a new inventory, called the General Activities of Daily Living Scale (GADL). The components showed good internal consistency (> 0.800) and moderate (younger participants) or high (older participants) accuracy for the distinction between MCI and AD. An additive effect was found between the GADL complex ADLs and global ADLs with the MMSE for the correct classification of younger patients. CONCLUSION The GADL showed evidence of validity and reliability for the Brazilian elderly population. It may also play an important role in the differential diagnosis of MCI and AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas J de Paula
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Neuroscience (LINC), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Laiss Bertola
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Neuroscience (LINC), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafaela T de Ávila
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Neuroscience (LINC), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciana de O Assis
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maicon Albuquerque
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Neuroscience (LINC), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria A Bicalho
- Department of Medical Practice, School of Medicine, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Edgar N de Moraes
- Department of Medical Practice, School of Medicine, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Nicolato
- National Science and Technology Institute for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Laboratory of Research in Clinical Neuroscience (LINC), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sallum I, Mata F, Miranda DM, Malloy-Diniz LF. Staying and shifting patterns across IGT trials distinguish children with externalizing disorders from controls. Front Psychol 2013; 4:899. [PMID: 24348449 PMCID: PMC3845255 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) is the most widely instrument used in the assessment of affective decision-making in several populations with frontal impairment. The standard performance measure on the IGT is obtained by calculating the difference between the advantageous and the disadvantageous choices. This standard score does not allows the assessment of the use of different strategies to deal with contingencies of gain and losses across the task. This study aims to compare the standard score method used in IGT with a method that analyses the patterns of staying and shifting among different decks across the 100 choices, considering contingencies of choices with and without losses. We compared the IGT performance of 24 children with externalizing disorders (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder) and 24 healthy age-matched children. The analyses of the standard score across all blocks failed to show differences among children with externalizing disorders and control children. However, healthy children showed a pattern of shifting more from disadvantageous decks to advantageous decks and choosing more consecutive cards from the advantageous decks across all blocks, independently of the contingency of losses. On the other hand, children with externalizing disorders presented a pattern of shifting more from advantageous decks to disadvantageous ones in comparison to healthy children and repeatedly chose cards from the B deck across all blocks. This findings show that even though differences among groups might not be found when using the standard analyses, a different type of analysis might be able to show distinct strategies on the execution of the test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Sallum
- Laboratório de Investigações Neuropsicológicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Mata
- Laboratório de Investigações Neuropsicológicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil ; Faculty of Medicine, School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Débora M Miranda
- Laboratório de Investigações Neuropsicológicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leandro F Malloy-Diniz
- Laboratório de Investigações Neuropsicológicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lage GM, Malloy-Diniz LF, Neves FS, Gallo LG, Valentini AS, Corrêa H. A kinematic analysis of manual aiming control on euthymic bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 2013; 208:140-4. [PMID: 23102536 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2012.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2012] [Revised: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Motor deficits in tasks that require force steadiness or scaling of movement velocity have been found in bipolar disorder (BD). A potential explanation for these results is the abnormal functioning of the frontostriatal circuitry. We designed this study to investigate the possible impairments in a manual aiming task. Participants comprised 15 euthymic BD patients and 15 healthy controls, who performed 100 trials of a goal-directed manual movement with a non-inking pen on a digitizing tablet. Four different conditions of execution were required. The control condition appeared on the computer screen in 70% of the trials, and the other three conditions, (a) distractor, (b) inhibition of response and (c) higher index of difficulty, each appeared in 10% of the trials. Compared to the controls, the BD patients were less fluent in their movements, relied more heavily on visual feedback to control their manual movements and presented a lower spatial accuracy. We found that motor deficits in euthymic BD were observed in the kinematic analysis of manual aiming. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis of abnormal functioning of the frontostriatal circuitry in euthymic BD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme M Lage
- Departamento de Educação Física da Universidade FUMEC, Rua Cobre 200, Bairro Cruzeiro, 30310-190, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas, Sociais e da Saúde, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Mata F, Sallum I, Miranda DM, Bechara A, Malloy-Diniz LF. Do general intellectual functioning and socioeconomic status account for performance on the Children's Gambling Task? Front Neurosci 2013; 7:68. [PMID: 23760222 PMCID: PMC3669750 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies that use the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and its age-appropriate versions as indices of affective decision-making during childhood and adolescence have demonstrated significant individual differences in scores. Our study investigated the association between general intellectual functioning and socioeconomic status (SES) and its effect on the development of affective decision-making in preschoolers by using a computerized version of the Children's Gambling Task (CGT). We administered the CGT and the Columbia Mental Maturity Scale (CMMS) to 137 Brazilian children between the ages of 3 and 5 years old to assess their general intellectual functioning. We also used the Brazilian Criterion of Economic Classification (CCEB) to assess their SES. Age differences between 3- and 4-years-old, but not between 4- and 5-years-old, confirmed the results obtained by Kerr and Zelazo (2004), indicating the rapid development of affective decision-making during the preschool period. Both 4- and 5-years-old performed significantly above chance on blocks 3, 4, and 5 of the CGT, whereas 3-years-old mean scores did not differ from chance. We found that general intellectual functioning was not related to affective decision-making. On the other hand, our findings showed that children with high SES performed better on the last block of the CGT in comparison to children with low SES, which indicates that children from the former group seem more likely to use the information about the gain/loss aspects of the decks to efficiently choose cards from the advantageous deck throughout the task.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Mata
- Laboratório de Investigações Neuropsicológicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lage GM, Malloy-Diniz LF, Fialho JVAP, Gomes CMA, Albuquerque MR, Corrêa H. Correlation between impulsivity dimensions and the control in a motor timing task. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.20338/bjmb.v6i3.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the role of the attentional, motor and non-planning impulsivities in motor timing tasks. The aim of this study was to correlate the motor performance in a motor timing task with the performance in neuropsychological tests of twenty two volunteers. Before the execution of the motor task, participant wore a headphone and heard five times each temporal reference (2,500 and 3,500 msec) that consisted of two “bips”. After, the motor timing task was performed in five trials of each temporal reference. The task consisted in transporting tennis balls in a pre-defined sequence in each criterion time. It was evaluated: reaction time, movement time, constant error and absolute error. The neuropsychological tests IGT and CPT-II were applied to the evaluation of impulsivities. The findings indicated that attentional impulsivity was more related to the motor performance than the motor and non- planning impulsivities.
Collapse
|
50
|
Lage GM, Gallo LG, Cassiano GJM, Lobo ILB, Vieira MV, Salgado JV, Fuentes D, Malloy-Diniz LF. Correlations between Impulsivity and Technical Performance in Handball Female Athletes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4236/psych.2011.27110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|