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Bhandakkar AA, Mathew L. Merging slime mould with whale optimization algorithm for optimal allocation of hybrid power flow controller in power system. J EXP THEOR ARTIF IN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/0952813x.2022.2040598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Bhandakkar
- Electrical Engineering Department, Government Polytechnic pen, Ramwadi, Pen, Maharashtra India
| | - L. Mathew
- Electrical Engineering Department of National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Nathan J, Hughes C, Patel S, Mathew L, Smith C, Pink A, Woolf R, Menon B, Kirkham LB. AB0573 DUPILUMAB-INDUCED ENTHESITIS/ARTHRITIS IN PATIENTS WITH ATOPIC DERMATITIS: A RETROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin condition with a prevalence of 2–10% in adults1. IL-4 and IL-13 play a key role in the pathogenesis. Dupilumab, a human IgG4 monoclonal antibody binding the alpha subunit of the IL-4 receptor, blocking IL-4 and IL-13 signaling, has important efficacy in this difficult to treat disease. We first reported a musculoskeletal (MSK) adverse effect of enthesis/arthritis developing in 3 patients in 20192.Objectives:To report the ongoing experience at our centre of this new clinical paradigm, incidence and patient progress including clinical presentation, imaging and management.Methods:Clinical and radiological data was collected from electronic case records of all cases presenting with features of enthesitis/arthritis between October 2018 and January 2021.Results:Since initiation of dupilumab at GSTT, approximately 400 adults with moderate-to-severe AD have received at least one dose. Of these, 23 patients (14 men, 9 women) had the clinical syndrome of inflammatory enthesitis/tenosynovitis/arthritis. Nine patients had both enthesitis and arthritis, 10 enthesitis, 3 enthesitis and tenosynovitis and 1 arthritis only. Four of these also reported new onset inflammatory back pain symptoms. None had a preceding history of arthritis or enthesitis. Median onset of symptoms following initiation of dupilumab was 4 months. However, onset of symptoms ranged between 2 weeks and 48 months. Imaging (US/MRI) was performed in 18 patients, 11 with Doppler US positive enthesitis confirming clinical findings. Most common sites were lateral epicondyles, achilles and patella tendons. Two patients with more disabling symptoms had MRI confirmed gluteus medius and hamstring enthesitis and arthritis. Spine and SI joint MRI in 4 patients was negative. Most patients had normal inflammatory markers except 2; CRP 117, ESR 96 and CRP 13, ESR 10. All patients had very good AD response to dupilumab, average EASI score before and after Dupilumab was 21 and 4.2 respectively. One patient developed skin manifestations of guttate psoriasis, with subsequent disabling arthritis/enthesitis. Due to the life-changing beneficial effect of dupilumab therapy most patients did not want to stop therapy. We used NSAID therapy, etoricoxib/celecoxib/naproxen for symptom relief which was usually partly effective allowing continuation of dupilumab treatment in most. Five patients with severe MSK symptoms stopped Dupilumab completely. Some patients temporarily paused therapy but re-started as their AD became worse, often changing from the usual 2 weekly to 4 weekly dosing. Most patients continuing dupilumab had persistent MSK symptoms. Four patients who stopped dupilumab were treated with baricitinib, which has potential efficacy for both MSK symptoms and AD. Two did not tolerate it and remained on NSAID therapy.Conclusion:These data further characterize a new syndrome of enthesitis and/or arthritis induced by Dupilumab. In those with mild MSK symptoms use of NSAIDs allows continuation of full-dose dupilumab, in moderate cases reducing dupilumab dose frequency plus NSAID therapy maintains function. Most patients had on-going MSK symptoms. In more severe cases JAKi therapy may be an effective strategy. Our initial hypothesis that inhibition of IL-4/13 by dupilumab triggers an IL-17/23/TNF-mediated inflammatory MSK syndrome in some patients is supported by a recent in vitro study3.References:[1]Beck L et al. Dupilumab Treatment in Adults with Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis. July 10, 2014. N Engl J Med 2014; 371:130-139[2]Willsmore ZN et al. Development of inflammatory arthritis and enthesitis in patients on dupilumab: a case series. Br J Dermatol 2019; 0. doi:10.1111/bjd.18031.[3]Bridegwood C et al. Regulation of entheseal IL-23 expression by IL-4 and IL-13 as an explanation for arthropathy development under dupilumab therapy. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2020 Nov 30:keaa568. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa568Disclosure of Interests:Joseph Nathan: None declared., Catherine Hughes Speakers bureau: Presented for Abbvie, Samir Patel: None declared., Libin Mathew: None declared., Catherine Smith Grant/research support from: Grants/research support; Professor Smith is a PI/CoPI on a number of commercially supported studie (Abbvie, Janssen, Leo, Sanofi)., Andrew Pink Paid instructor for: Speaker or advisor to Lilly, Abbvie, Sanofi, Leo, Almirall, Novartis, Janssen, UCB, Galderma, BMS, La-Roche Posay, Richard Woolf: None declared., Bina Menon Speakers bureau: Presented for Abbvie, L Bruce Kirkham Grant/research support from: Professor Kirkham has received honoraria and/or research funding from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer and UCB.
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Mathew L, Patel M. Image Gallery: Sir William Osler. Br J Dermatol 2018; 178:576. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Mathew
- Department of Dermatology; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust; Brighton U.K
| | - M. Patel
- Department of Dermatology; Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust; Brighton U.K
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Mathew L, Kumar S, Suresh Kumar S, Godhavarma G. RBD in Parkinson's disease – predictive value of motor and non-motor symptoms assessments: experience from an Indian teritary teaching hospital. Sleep Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mathew L, Kumar S, Suresh Kumar S, Godhavarma G. Frequency of restless leg syndrome (RLS) in Parkinson's disease – experience from an Indian teritary teaching hospital. Sleep Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Verghese V, Kompithra R, Mathew L, Simon A, Mathai S, John T, Raghupathy P. Time trends in vaccine delivery over two decades in a full-time immunization clinic of a tertiary care centre. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Yan L, Mathew L, Chellan B, Gardner B, Earley J, Puri TS, Hofmann Bowman MA. S100/Calgranulin-mediated inflammation accelerates left ventricular hypertrophy and aortic valve sclerosis in chronic kidney disease in a receptor for advanced glycation end products-dependent manner. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:1399-411. [PMID: 24855059 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE S100A12 and fibroblast growth factor 23 are biomarkers of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We tested the hypothesis that human S100/calgranulin would accelerate cardiovascular disease in mice subjected to CKD. APPROACH AND RESULTS A bacterial artificial chromosome of the human S100/calgranulin gene cluster containing the genes and regulatory elements for S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12 was expressed in C57BL/6J mouse (hBAC-S100) to generate a novel humanized mouse model. CKD was induced by ureteral ligation, and hBAC-S100 mice and wild-type mice were studied after 10 weeks of chronic uremia. hBAC-S100 mice with CKD showed increased fibroblast growth factor 23 in the hearts, left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, focal cartilaginous metaplasia, and calcification of the mitral and aortic valve annulus together with aortic valve sclerosis. This phenotype was not observed in wild-type mice with CKD or in hBAC-S100 mice lacking the receptor for advanced glycation end products with CKD, suggesting that the inflammatory milieu mediated by S100/receptor for advanced glycation end products promotes pathological cardiac hypertrophy in CKD. In vitro, inflammatory stimuli including interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, lipopolysaccarides, or serum from hBAC-S100 mice upregulated fibroblast growth factor 23 mRNA and protein in primary murine neonatal and adult cardiac fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS Myeloid-derived human S100/calgranulin is associated with the development of cardiac hypertrophy and ectopic cardiac calcification in a receptor for advanced glycation end products-dependent manner in a mouse model of CKD. We speculate that fibroblast growth factor 23 produced by cardiac fibroblasts in response to cytokines may act in a paracrine manner to accelerate left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction in hBAC-S100 mice with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yan
- From the Department of Medicine, Cardiology (L.Y., B.C., B.G., J.E., M.A.H.B.) and Medicine, Nephrology (L.M., T.S.P.), The University of Chicago, IL
| | - Liby Mathew
- From the Department of Medicine, Cardiology (L.Y., B.C., B.G., J.E., M.A.H.B.) and Medicine, Nephrology (L.M., T.S.P.), The University of Chicago, IL
| | - Bijoy Chellan
- From the Department of Medicine, Cardiology (L.Y., B.C., B.G., J.E., M.A.H.B.) and Medicine, Nephrology (L.M., T.S.P.), The University of Chicago, IL
| | - Brandon Gardner
- From the Department of Medicine, Cardiology (L.Y., B.C., B.G., J.E., M.A.H.B.) and Medicine, Nephrology (L.M., T.S.P.), The University of Chicago, IL
| | - Judy Earley
- From the Department of Medicine, Cardiology (L.Y., B.C., B.G., J.E., M.A.H.B.) and Medicine, Nephrology (L.M., T.S.P.), The University of Chicago, IL
| | - Tipu S Puri
- From the Department of Medicine, Cardiology (L.Y., B.C., B.G., J.E., M.A.H.B.) and Medicine, Nephrology (L.M., T.S.P.), The University of Chicago, IL
| | - Marion A Hofmann Bowman
- From the Department of Medicine, Cardiology (L.Y., B.C., B.G., J.E., M.A.H.B.) and Medicine, Nephrology (L.M., T.S.P.), The University of Chicago, IL.
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Haque ME, Franklin T, Bokhary U, Mathew L, Hack BK, Chang A, Puri TS, Prasad PV. Longitudinal changes in MRI markers in a reversible unilateral ureteral obstruction mouse model: Preliminary experience. J Magn Reson Imaging 2013; 39:835-41. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad E. Haque
- Department of Radiology; NorthShore University HealthSystem; Evanston Illinois USA
| | - Tammy Franklin
- Department of Radiology; NorthShore University HealthSystem; Evanston Illinois USA
| | - Ujala Bokhary
- Department of Radiology; NorthShore University HealthSystem; Evanston Illinois USA
| | - Liby Mathew
- Department of Nephrology; University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Bradley K. Hack
- Department of Nephrology; University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Anthony Chang
- Department of Pathology; University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Tipu S. Puri
- Department of Nephrology; University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Pottumarthi V. Prasad
- Department of Radiology; NorthShore University HealthSystem; Evanston Illinois USA
- Department of Radiology; University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois USA
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Mathew L, Castillo R, Castillo E, Yaremko B, Rodrigues G, Etemad-Rezai R, Guerrero T, Parraga G. Poster - Thur Eve - 16: Four-dimensional x-ray computed tomography and hyperpolarized 3
He magnetic resonance imaging of gas distribution in lung cancer. Med Phys 2012; 39:4627. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4740124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Mathew L, Swaminath A, Szabo J, Wierzbicki M. Sci-Thur AM: Planning - 06: Planning target volume margin suitability in lung stereotactic body radiation therapy: A preliminary evaluation using cone-beam computed tomography. Med Phys 2012; 39:4620. [PMID: 28516537 DOI: 10.1118/1.4740091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) requires precise delivery of radiation to the target; intra- and inter-fraction lung tumour motion may adversely impact local tumour control. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the impact of planning target volume (PTV) margin size on the coverage of the internal target volume (ITV) as localized in pre- and post-treatment cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Data from two patients undergoing SBRT were evaluated. For planning, free-breathing and 4DCT scans were performed, and used to contour the ITV. A 5mm margin was added to create the PTV. During treatment, 14 CBCTs were collected pre- and post-beam delivery. A data set comprising the average 4DCT intensities where available and treatment planning CT intensities for voxels that were beyond the field of view of the 4DCT was constructed. Registration of the combined planning image to each CBCT was performed using a deformable image registration algorithm. The transformations aligning the combined planning image with the CBCTs were applied to the planning ITV to obtain the treatment ITVs. For each CBCT, the fraction of treatment ITV within the PTV was determined using Boolean logic. This was repeated for various PTV margins ranging from 0 to 10 mm at 1mm intervals. The 3 and 5 mm PTV margins covered 95.1 ± 5.9% and 99.0 ± 2.0% of the ITV, respectively. Analysis of additional patients will be performed to confirm these preliminary results, which reinforce the use of a 5mm PTV margin for lung SBRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mathew
- Department of Medical Physics, Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON
| | - A Swaminath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON
| | - J Szabo
- Department of Medical Physics, Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON
| | - M Wierzbicki
- Department of Medical Physics, Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON.,Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON
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Thippeswamy R, Mathew L, Bhosale B, Kumar N, Kannan S, Joshi A, Rangarajan V, Khattry N. LACE: A conditioning regimen for patients with lymphoma undergoing autologous transplant. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.6591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Gawdzik J, Mathew L, Kim G, Puri TS, Hofmann Bowman MA. Vascular remodeling and arterial calcification are directly mediated by S100A12 (EN-RAGE) in chronic kidney disease. Am J Nephrol 2011; 33:250-9. [PMID: 21372560 DOI: 10.1159/000324693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proinflammatory cytokine S100A12 (also known as EN-RAGE) is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that S100A12 expressed in vascular smooth muscle in nonatherosclerosis-prone C57BL/6J mice on normal rodent chow diet, but exposed to the metabolic changes of chronic kidney disease (CKD), would develop vascular disease resembling that observed in patients with CKD. METHODS CKD was induced in S100A12 transgenic mice and wild-type littermate mice not expressing human S100A12 by surgical ligation of the ureters. The aorta was analyzed after 7 weeks of elevated BUN (blood urea nitrogen), and cultured aortic smooth muscle cells were studied. RESULTS We found enhanced vascular medial calcification in S100A12tg mice subjected to CKD. Vascular calcification was mediated, at least in part, by activation of the receptor for S100A12, RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation endproducts), and by enhanced oxidative stress, since inhibition of NADPH-oxidase Nox1 and limited access of S100A12 to RAGE attenuated the calcification and gene expression of osteoblastic genes in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. CONCLUSION S100A12 augments CKD-triggered osteogenesis in murine vasculature, reminiscent of features associated with enhanced vascular calcification in patients with chronic and end-stage kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Gawdzik
- Sections of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Satyavani M, Viswanathan R, Harun NS, Mathew L. Pulmonary Scopulariopsis in a chronic tobacco smoker. Singapore Med J 2010; 51:e137-e139. [PMID: 20848053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A 70-year-old male smoker, with a three-month status of post-balloon angioplasty for ischaemic heart disease, presented with a one-week history of fever, haemoptysis and chest discomfort on coughing. The patient did not report any loss of weight or appetite. On examination, he was febrile. Pulmonary function tests revealed obstructive airway disease. High resolution computed tomography of the lungs revealed fibrosis with bronchiectasis in both the upper lobes, and a spiculating subpleural mass in the posterior aspect of the right lung apex. Subsequent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) culture yielded the Scopulariopsis species. Our patient was treated with a four-week course of amphotericin B, followed by itraconazole. At the 24-month follow-up, the patient was asymptomatic. Subsequent BAL cultures revealed no fungal growths, and radiological studies showed a regression in the lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Satyavani
- Department of Laboratory Services, Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital, Ministry of Health, Bandar Seri Begawan, BA 1710 Brunei Darussalam
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Puri TS, Shakaib MI, Chang A, Mathew L, Olayinka O, Minto AWM, Sarav M, Hack BK, Quigg RJ. Chronic kidney disease induced in mice by reversible unilateral ureteral obstruction is dependent on genetic background. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2010; 298:F1024-32. [PMID: 20089676 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00384.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) begins with renal injury; the progression thereafter depends upon a number of factors, including genetic background. Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is a well-described model of renal fibrosis and as such is considered a model of CKD. We used an improved reversible unilateral ureteral obstruction (rUUO) model in mice to study the strain dependence of development of CKD after obstruction-mediated injury. C57BL/6 mice developed CKD after reversal of three or more days of ureteral obstruction as assessed by blood urea nitrogen (BUN) measurements (>40 mg/dl). In contrast, BALB/c mice were resistant to CKD with up to 10 days ureteral obstruction. During rUUO, C57BL/6 mice exhibited pronounced inflammatory and intrinsic proliferative cellular responses, disruption of renal architecture, and ultimately fibrosis. By comparison, BALB/c mice had more controlled and measured extrinsic and intrinsic responses to injury with a return to normal within several weeks after release of ureteral obstruction. Our findings provide a model that allows investigation of the genetic basis of events during recovery from injury that contribute to the development of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tipu S Puri
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Wong SS, Lin YS, Mathew L, Rajagopal L, Sepkowitz D. Increase in group G streptococcal infections in a community hospital, New York, USA. Emerg Infect Dis 2009; 15:991-3. [PMID: 19523319 PMCID: PMC2727315 DOI: 10.3201/eid1506.080666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Mathew L, Gaede S, Wheatley A, Etemad-Rezai R, Rodrigues G, Parraga G. Sci-Thurs AM: YIS-09: Detection of Lung Remodeling Following Radiation Therapy Using Hyperpolarized 3He Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3244169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Kirby M, Mathew L, Wheatley A, McCormack DG, Parraga G. Sci-Thurs AM: YIS-06: Longitudinal Hyperpolarized 3He Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3244166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Vidhya S, Mathew L. Effects of Design Parameters on the Sensitivity of a Micro-Cantilever Based Biosensor. J Med Device 2009. [DOI: 10.1115/1.3136843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Piezo-resistive actuation of a microcantilever induced by biomolecular binding such as DNA hybridization and antibody-antigen binding is an important principle useful in biosensing applications. As the magnitude of the forces exerted is small, increasing the sensitivity of the microcantilever becomes critical. In this paper, we are considering to achieve this by geometric variation of the cantilever. The sensitivity of the cantilever was improved so that the device can sense the presence of antigen even if the magnitude of surface-stresses over the microcantilever was very small. We consider a `T-shaped' cantilver that eliminates the disadvantages while improving the sensitivity simultaneously. Simulations for validation have been performed using Intellisuite software (a MEMS design and simulation package). The simulations reveal that the T-shaped microcantilver is almost as sensitive as a thin cantilever and has relatively very low buckling effect. Simulations also reveal that with an increase in thickness of the cantilever, there is a proportional decrease in the sensitivity. This paper presents an analytical modeling and simulation studies of a piezoresistive cantilever used as MEMS based biosensor for the detection of cardiac markers. Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction was achieved by the nanomechanical deflection of the microcantilever due to adsorption of the Troponin I complex. The deflection of the microcantilever was measured in terms of the piezoresistive changes by implanting boron at the anchor point where there is maximum strain due to the adsorption of the analyte molecules. The biochemical interactions between the Cardiac Troponin I (cTnl) complex and the immobilized antibodies would cause change in resistance of the piezoresistor integrated at the anchor point. A ‘T’ shaped microcantilever design was proposed for the study. The distal end of the device was coated with gold. The sensitivity of the cantilever was improved so that the device can sense the presence of antigen even if the magnitude of surface-stresses over the microcantilever was very small. To obtain an application specific optimum design parameter and predict the cantilever performance. The miniaturization of the cantilever-based biosensor leads to significant advantages in the absolute device sensitivity.
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Abstract
We performed a retrospective analysis of 58 children with retinoblastoma seen at the University of Illinois at Chicago between 1960 and 1982. Our findings showed an almost equal distribution by sex, a predominance (69%) of white patients, and a common presenting symptom (70%) of leukocoria, with (22%) or without (48%) strabismus. Unilateral involvement was noted in 35 patients (60%). Of the 23 (40%) bilaterally affected children, 19 had simultaneous involvement at the time of diagnosis. All bilateral and 90% of the unilateral cases were diagnosed before age five years. Family history was positive for retinoblastoma in five bilateral and one unilateral case. At the time of diagnosis, 35 patients had stage V disease (Reese-Ellsworth classification, Table 1). Depending on the stage of disease treatment included enucleation, radiation, and chemotherapy. Mortality was 25% from 1960 to 1974, and zero thereafter.
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Abstract
Vascular support structures are an important tool for treating valve stenosis. A large population of patients are treated for valvular disease and the principal mode of treatment is the use of percutaneous valvuloplasty. Stent devices are proving to be an improved treatment method; these devices now account for 20% of treatments in Europe. This new technology provides highly effective results at minimal cost and short duration of hospitalization. Accurate and reliable structural analysis provides essential information to the design team in an environment where in vivio experimentation is extremely expensive, or impossible. This paper describe the design of vascular support structure (stents), to provide designers with estimates of the critical parameters which are essential to restore the functions of the endothelium of the Aorta during and after implantation without injuring it. Stent geometries were uniquely defined using the following parameters. (a) Diameter of the aorta; (b) Distance between the aortic root and the coronary artery roots; (c) Position of the coronary arteries; (d) Diameter of the coronaries; (e) Stent–Endothelium Mechanics. Keeping these parameters into consideration a novel stent model was designed to suit its requirement for percutaneous replacement. The 3D geometry of the repeatable units of the stent was generated using SOLIDWORKS modeling software. Using the repeating unit geometry of each stent design, solid models were generated. The unit consisted of 8 lips with two non crossing struts making a circular diameter of 16 mm at the center and 18 mm at either ends. The upper and the lower portions of the prosthesis has a high radial force, the upper portion flared to fix the stent firmly in the ascending aorta and the lower portion to expand against the calcified leaflets and to avoid recoil. The middle portion which bears the valve is constrained and narrower to avoid obstruction of the coronary arteries. This varying diameter of different parts of the stent creates the blunt hooks at either end of the stent. The methodology described in this paper is proposed as a method to compare and analyze the existing stents and the ones proposed here. However, further analysis and studies are needed before these stents are fabricated and deployed. Animal experiments are being planned currently for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Menon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Princess Royal Hospital, Telford, UK.
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Sarrigiannis P, Kennet R, Read S, Mathew L. Audit of the oxford carpal tunnel syndrome neurophysiology protocol. Clin Neurophysiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.07.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Barash IA, Bang ML, Mathew L, Greaser ML, Chen J, Lieber RL. Structural and regulatory roles of muscle ankyrin repeat protein family in skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2007; 293:C218-27. [PMID: 17392382 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00055.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The biological response of muscle to eccentric contractions (ECs) results in strengthening and protection from further injury. However, the cellular basis for this response remains unclear. Previous studies identified the muscle ankyrin repeat protein (MARP) family, consisting of cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (CARP), ankyrin repeat domain 2/ankyrin repeat protein with PEST and proline-rich region (Ankrd2/Arpp), and diabetes-associated ankyrin repeat protein (DARP), as rapidly and specifically upregulated in mice after a single bout of EC. To determine the role of these genes in skeletal muscle, a survey of skeletal muscle structural and functional characteristics was performed on mice lacking all three MARP family members (MKO). There was a slight trend toward MKO muscles having a slower fiber type distribution but no differences in muscle fiber size. Single MKO fibers were less stiff, tended to have longer resting sarcomere lengths, and expressed a longer isoform of titin than their wild-type counterparts, indicating that these proteins may play a role in the passive mechanical behavior of muscle. Finally, MKO mice showed a greater degree of torque loss after a bout of ECs compared with wild-type mice, although they recovered from the injury with the same or even improved time course. This recovery was associated with enhanced expression of the muscle regulatory genes MyoD and muscle LIM protein (MLP), suggesting that the MARP family may play both important structural and gene regulatory roles in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona A Barash
- Dept. of Orthopaedics, University of California, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
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Abstract
Total knee arthroplasty is the end-stage surgical procedure for pain relief in degenerative diseases such as arthritis. There are many models, which were designed so far in five to six decades of arthroplasty history. This research is aimed to design an artificial high-flexion knee, which emphasizes the high-flexion extension range of over 125 deg that would provide the comfort of squatting even after total knee replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudesh Sivarasu
- School of Biotechnology, Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, VIT University, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Vasculitis of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is rare. There are no controlled treatment trials, and clinical practice is guided by experience from case series and indirectly by analogy with systemic vasculitis. METHODS We identified patients (n=212) with possible vasculitic peripheral neuropathy (VPN) from the neuropathology and neurophysiology records of two centres over 28 years. Case-notes were available for 181, from which, 106 cases of clinicopathological VPN were identified. Adequate treatment data were available in 100; follow-up data, in 93. RESULTS Of 106 cases, 95 had systemic vasculitis and 11 had vasculitis confined to the PNS. Pharmacological treatment (94/100 cases) was corticosteroid-based, and included cyclophosphamide in 54; 17 received additional agents. Initial stabilization was achieved in all but six. One-year survival was 90.3%. Of the nine who died in the first years (mean age 73 years), seven had received cyclophosphamide, and all but two had severe, multisystem vasculitis. The neurological relapse rate was 10%. Only one relapse occurred after cyclophosphamide treatment. Outcome was reported as good in 72% (78% in those who relapsed). DISCUSSION Death and relapse were infrequent in treated patients. Relapse occurred almost exclusively in patients treated with prednisolone alone. Aggressive early treatment with cyclophosphamide may prevent relapse. The current management approach to VPN appears largely effective, especially if cyclophosphamide is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mathew
- Department of Neurology, Radcliffe Infirmary, University of Oxford OX2 6HE, and Department of Neuropathology, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, UK
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Sarrigiannis P, Kennett R, Read S, Mathew L. FC20.4 An audit of our carpal tunnel syndrome neurophysiology protocol: Can we still improve clinical practice? Clin Neurophysiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Muscle LIM protein (MLP) has been suggested to be an important mediator of mechanical stress in cardiac tissue, but the role that it plays in skeletal muscle remains unclear. Previous studies have shown that it is dramatically upregulated in fast-to-slow fiber-type transformation and also after eccentric contraction (EC)-induced muscle injury. The functional consequences of this upregulation, if any, are unclear. In the present study, we have examined the skeletal muscle phenotype of MLP-knockout (MLPKO) mice in terms of their response to EC-induced muscle injuries. The data suggest that while the MLPKO mice recover completely after EC-induced injury, their torque production lags behind that of heterozygous littermates in the early stages of the recovery process. This lag is accompanied by decreased expression of the muscle regulatory factor MyoD, suggesting that MLP may influence gene expression. In addition, there is evidence of type I fiber atrophy and a shorter resting sarcomere length in the MLPKO mice, but no significant differences in fiber type distribution. In summary, MLP appears to play a subtle role in the maintenance of normal muscle characteristics and in the early events of the recovery process of skeletal muscle to injury, serving both structural and gene-regulatory roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona A Barash
- Deptartment of Orthopaedics, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Univ. of California, San Diego, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
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Hentzen ER, Lahey M, Peters D, Mathew L, Barash IA, Fridén J, Lieber RL. Stress-dependent and -independent expression of the myogenic regulatory factors and the MARP genes after eccentric contractions in rats. J Physiol 2005; 570:157-67. [PMID: 16239282 PMCID: PMC1464283 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2005.093005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between muscle mechanical conditions and gene expression was investigated by varying both stress and contraction mode imposed upon rat dorsiflexors (n= 25), activating them at high or low frequencies (150 Hz or 40 Hz) either eccentrically or isometrically. Muscle physiological, immunohistochemical and gene expression changes were then measured 24 h after the exercise bout. Peak stress was the best predictor of muscle injury, independent of contraction mode (i.e. eccentric or isometric). When peak stresses were matched, no physiological or immunohistochemical differences were detected between isometric and eccentric contractions. The expression of certain myogenic regulatory and muscle ankyrin repeat protein (MARP) genes (myoD, myogenin, MLP and CARP) depended both on peak muscle stress achieved during contraction and contraction mode. In contrast, Arpp/Ankrd2 was dramatically upregulated only by eccentric contractions, but not by isometric contractions, even though the stress level of the eccentric contractions varied over a three-fold range and overlapped with that of the isometric group. The role that Arpp/Ankrd2 upregulation plays in the biological response to eccentric contraction remains to be determined, as does the control mechanism whereby the expression of certain genes (such as myoD, myogenin, MLP and CARP) is sensitive to muscle stress while another (Arpp/Ankrd2) is sensitive only to contraction mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R Hentzen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California and Veterans Administration Medical Centers, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
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Abstract
In humans, the development of the primary palate and the lip is completed by the 7th week of intra uterine life and that of secondary palate by 12th week. The dermal ridges develop in relation to the volar pads, which are formed by the 6th week of gestation and reach maximum size between 12th and 13th weeks. This means that the genetic message contained in the genome--normal or abnormal is deciphered during this period and is also reflected by dermatoglyphics. Hence this study was done in order to observe the differences in dermatoglyphic patterns between the children with oral clefts and normal children and to determine the usefulness of dermatoglyphics in studying the genetic etiology of oral clefts. Dermatoglyphic data from 50 oral cleft children and 50 normal children were collected using the ink method and comparison was done between them. In the present study, we found an increase in the ulnar loop patterns on the distal phalanges of the ten fingers, an increase in the atd angle and an increase in the fluctuating asymmetry of the atd angle in the oral cleft children which indicates the degree of developmental instability of the oral cleft individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mathew
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, A. B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore - 575 018, Karnataka, India
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Barash IA, Mathew L, Ryan AF, Chen J, Lieber RL. Rapid muscle-specific gene expression changes after a single bout of eccentric contractions in the mouse. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2004; 286:C355-64. [PMID: 14561590 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00211.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Eccentric contractions (ECs), in which a muscle is forced to lengthen while activated, result in muscle injury and, eventually, muscle strengthening and prevention of further injury. Although the mechanical basis of EC-induced injury has been studied in detail, the biological response of muscle is less well characterized. This study presents the development of a minimally invasive model of EC injury in the mouse, follows the time course of torque recovery after an injurious bout of ECs, and uses Affymetrix microarrays to compare the gene expression profile 48 h after ECs to both isometrically stimulated muscles and contralateral muscles. Torque dropped by ∼55% immediately after the exercise bout and recovered to initial levels 7 days later. Thirty-six known genes were upregulated after ECs compared with contralateral and isometrically stimulated muscles, including five muscle-specific genes: muscle LIM protein (MLP), muscle ankyrin repeat proteins (MARP1 and -2; also known as cardiac ankyrin repeat protein and Arpp/Ankrd2, respectively), Xin, and myosin binding protein H. The time courses of MLP and MARP expression after the injury bout (determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) indicate that these genes are rapidly induced, reaching a peak expression level of 6–11 times contralateral values 12–24 h after the EC bout and returning to baseline within 72 h. Very little gene induction was seen after either isometric activation or passive stretch, indicating that the MLP and MARP genes may play an important and specific role in the biological response of muscle to EC-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona A Barash
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of California, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
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Peters D, Barash IA, Burdi M, Yuan PS, Mathew L, Fridén J, Lieber RL. Asynchronous functional, cellular and transcriptional changes after a bout of eccentric exercise in the rat. J Physiol 2003; 553:947-57. [PMID: 14514871 PMCID: PMC2343611 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2003.048462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/02/2003] [Accepted: 09/24/2003] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirty eccentric contractions (ECs) were imposed upon rat dorsiflexors (n = 46) by activating the peroneal nerve and plantarflexing the foot ~40 deg, corresponding to a sarcomere length change over the range 2.27-2.39 microm for the tibialis anterior and 2.52-2.66 microm for the extensor digitorum longus. Animals were allowed to recover for one of 10 time periods ranging from 0.5 to 240 h, at which time muscle contractile properties, immunohistochemical labelling and gene expression were measured. Peak isometric torque dropped significantly by ~40 % from an initial level of 0.0530 +/- 0.0009 Nm to 0.0298 +/- 0.0008 Nm (P < 0.0001) immediately after EC, and then recovered in a linear fashion to control levels 168 h later. Immunohistochemical labelling of cellular proteins revealed a generally asynchronous sequence of events at the cellular level, with the earliest event measured being loss of immunostaining for the intermediate filament protein, desmin. Soon after the first signs of desmin loss, infiltration of inflammatory cells occurred, followed by a transient increase in membrane permeability, manifested as inclusion of plasma fibronectin. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) was used to measure transcript levels of desmin, vimentin, embryonic myosin heavy chain (MHC), myostatin, myoD and myogenin. Compared to control levels, myostatin transcripts were significantly elevated after only 0.5 h, myogenic regulatory factors significantly elevated after 3 h and desmin transcripts were significantly increased 12 h after EC. None of the measured parameters provide a mechanistic explanation for muscle force loss after EC. Future studies are required to investigate whether there is a causal relationship among desmin loss, increased cellular permeability, upregulation of the myoD and desmin genes, and, ultimately, an increase in the desmin content per sarcomere of the muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Peters
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of California and Veterans Administration Medical Centers, San Diego, CA, USA
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Mathew L, Singh S, Rejee R, Varghese AM. Gradenigo's syndrome: findings on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. J Postgrad Med 2002; 48:314-6. [PMID: 12571394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Mathew
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore - 632 004, India
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Bala M, Mathew L. An in vitro approach to study chromosomal DNA damage. Mol Biol Rep 2002; 28:199-207. [PMID: 12153139 DOI: 10.1023/a:1015774006757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study a simple electrophoresis approach has been proposed for assessing DNA damage per chromosome in vitro. Novel procedures of gel casting, sample loading, electrophoresis and quantification of damage have been suggested. Sets of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosomes subjected to DNA damage by Bleomycin, Co60-gamma-radiation alone and in combination with Hoechst were studied in detail. Statistical analyses showed that damage induced by Bleomycin bore linear positive correlation with %GA (r = 0.97) and %GT (r = 0.61) contents of chromosomes. Samples pre-treated with Hoechst showed much less damage by Co60-gamma-irradiation as compared to samples not treated with Hoechst but exposed to Co60-gamma-irradiation. The 'protective effect of Hoechst' bore linear positive correlation (r = 0.8) with %TAT content of chromosomes.
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MESH Headings
- Bleomycin/pharmacology
- Chromosomes, Fungal/drug effects
- Chromosomes, Fungal/genetics
- Chromosomes, Fungal/metabolism
- Chromosomes, Fungal/radiation effects
- DNA Damage/drug effects
- DNA Damage/radiation effects
- DNA, Fungal/chemistry
- DNA, Fungal/drug effects
- DNA, Fungal/metabolism
- DNA, Fungal/radiation effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
- Electrophoresis, Agar Gel/methods
- Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional
- Gamma Rays
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bala
- Department of Molecular Radiation Biology, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India.
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Wang SF, Mathew L, Warkentin J. Oxidative ring expansion of 1-(tert-butylamino)indolines to 1,4-dihydrocinnolines. Novel neophyl rearrangement of hydrazyl radicals. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00229a060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mathew L, Tai WR, Lo JG. Measurements of sulfur dioxide and formaldehyde in Taipei using a differential optical absorption spectrometer. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 2001; 51:94-101. [PMID: 11218431 DOI: 10.1080/10473289.2001.10464259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Taipei, the capital city of Taiwan, lies in a basin, and its topography prevents the dispersion of pollutants in the city. As a continuation of our air quality study, from February 1999 through June 1999, we measured the concentrations of SO2 at six different locations and of formaldehyde at five locations using a differential optical absorption spectrometer (DOAS). The average concentration of SO2 varied from 3.5 to 6.6 ppb. The average concentration was highest at Toucheng because of its proximity to point sources. The level in Hsientien was close to that in Toucheng, with Hsinyu showing the lowest concentrations. The DOAS and the Taiwan Air Quality Monitoring Network (TAQMN) measurements for SO2 were highly correlated (r2 > 0.9) for Toucheng, Panchiao, and Hsientien. However, DOAS SO2 concentrations were 2 times higher for Hsientien and slightly lower for Panchiao than the TAQMN concentrations were. The average concentration of formaldehyde varied from 7 to 10 ppb. Diurnal variation of formaldehyde closely followed the variation of ozone, especially when the 1-hr peak ozone concentration was > 60 ppb. Photochemical formation accounted for the ambient levels of formaldehyde in Taipei. Concentration of formaldehyde became significant on days when O3 concentration was high. Our results indicate that DOAS can replace conventional measurement techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mathew
- Department of Atomic Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Mathew L, Chandran U. Neonatal salmonella meningitis. Neurosciences (Riyadh) 2000; 5:186-187. [PMID: 24276811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Mathew
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Rustaq General Hospital, PO Box 98, Postal Code 329, Rustaq, Sultanate of Oman
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Katz SD, Khan T, Zeballos GA, Mathew L, Potharlanka P, Knecht M, Whelan J. Decreased activity of the L-arginine-nitric oxide metabolic pathway in patients with congestive heart failure. Circulation 1999; 99:2113-7. [PMID: 10217650 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.99.16.2113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired endothelium-dependent, nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilation may contribute to increased vasomotor tone in patients with heart failure. Whether decreased endothelium-dependent, NO-mediated vasodilation in patients with heart failure is due to decreased synthesis or increased degradation of NO is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS To specifically assess the synthetic activity of the L-arginine-NO metabolic pathway, urinary excretion of [15N]nitrates and [15N]urea was determined after a primed continuous intravenous infusion of L-[15N]arginine (40 micromol/kg) in 16 patients with congestive heart failure and 9 age-matched normal control subjects at rest and during submaximal treadmill exercise. After infusion of L-[15N]arginine, 24-hour urinary excretion of [15N]nitrates was decreased in patients with congestive heart failure at rest (2.2+/-0.5 versus 8.0+/-2.3 micromol/24 h) and during submaximal exercise (2.4+/-1.2 versus 11. 4+/-4.0 micromol/24 h) compared with control subjects (both P<0.01). After infusion of L-[15N]arginine, 24-hour urinary excretions of [15N]urea at rest in patients with congestive heart failure and control subjects were not different (1.1+/-0.3 versus 1.2+/-0.2 mmol/24 h, P>0.20). CONCLUSIONS A specific decrease in synthetic activity of the L-arginine-NO metabolic pathway contributes to decreased endothelium-dependent vasodilation in patients with congestive heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Katz
- Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, Division of Circulatory Physiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
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Prasad AS, Hegde KS, Mathew L. Cardiovascular responses to application of lower body negative pressure of male volunteers in seated position. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1998; 42:239-44. [PMID: 10225051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Lower body negative pressure (LBNP) has been used to evaluate orthostatic tolerance and for studying the effects of +Gz induced physiological strain and hence has great practical significance in aerospace medicine. Cardiovascular responses in man on application to LBNP (-40 mmHg) in seated (upright) position in a specially designed LBNP chamber have been studied in eight normal healthy male volunteers between the age group of 25-36 yrs. They were subjected to -40 mmHg negative pressure in steps of -10 mmHg for a duration of 5 min each. The total duration of the experiment was 20 min. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) Cardiac output (CO) were measured and mean blood pressure (MBP) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were computed. The results indicate a significant increase in HR (P < 0.01), SV (P < 0.01). Studies on limited number of subjects on application to LBNP (40 mmHg) in supine position have also been carried out and compared with the physiological strain induced in subjects in seated position. Study of HR, SV, CO, responses of the subjects on exposure to LBNP in seated position elicit similar response in subjects exposed to +Gz stress as reported by other workers. It is concluded that LBNP technique can be used to study the effects of +Gz induced physiological strain in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Prasad
- Defence Bioengineering and Electromedical Laboratory, CV Raman Nagar, Bangalore
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Abstract
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a common cardiovascular disorder that is characterised, in part, by a decreased cardiac output reserve. Accordingly, there is ongoing interest in the role of positive inotropic agents (e.g. adrenergic agonists and phosphodiesterase type III inhibitors, which mediate their cardiovascular effects via a cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent mechanism) in the treatment of CHF. However, enthusiasm for positive inotropic therapy in CHF has been dampened by the results of clinical trials, which have shown that these drugs are associated with an increased risk of mortality. Calcium sensitising agents are a heterogeneous group of positive inotropic agents that mediate their cardiovascular actions (at least in part) by increasing the sensitivity of the contractile elements to calcium. Increased sensitivity to calcium may be related to changes in calcium binding to troponin C, or to direct effects on the actin-myosin complex. In addition, the inhibition of phosphodiesterase type III may contribute to the positive inotropic action of calcium sensitising agents. Five agents with calcium sensitising properties (pimobendan, levosimendan, MCI-154, EMD-53998 and CGP-48506) have been studied as possible therapies for CHF. All of these agents have demonstrated a positive inotropic action in isolated cardiac tissue and in animal models of CHF. In clinical trials, pimobendan, the most extensively studied of these drugs, was well tolerated and was associated with improved exercise tolerance during the first 6 months of therapy; however, it was also associated with a nonsignificant trend towards increased mortality. Because many of the calcium sensitising agents also inhibit phosphodiesterase type III activity, the long term safety of these agents is uncertain. Large-scale survival trials are required to determine the long term safety and efficacy of these agents before their role in the treatment of CHF can be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mathew
- Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
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Chang TK, Chiang Y, Guo HX, Kresge AJ, Mathew L, Powell MF, Wells JA. Solvent Isotope Effects in H 2O−D 2O Mixtures (Proton Inventories) on Serine-Protease-Catalyzed Hydrolysis Reactions. Influence of Oxyanion Hole Interactions and Medium Effects J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 8802−8807. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja975402u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reactivity and the effect of concentration of three tertiary amines upon the mechanical properties of a chemical curing dental composite. Chemical cured composite pastes were prepared by keeping peroxide concentration constant at 1 wt% (by weight of resin mixture) and by varying the amine/peroxide molar ratio from 0.25 to 1.5. Composite samples were prepared for all three amine pastes aged for 1, 15, 30, 45, and 60 d stored at 8, 22, and 37 degrees C. The loss in activity of the tertiary amine with time was measured. Changes in compressive strength, diametral tensile strength, and microhardness were also measured. A sharp decrease in working and setting times corresponding to increased activity was noticed with an increased amine content. The activity was found to vary in the order N,N-dimethyl p-toluidine (DMPT) > 2-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)ethanol (DMAPEA) > N,Ndiethanol p-toluidine (DEPT). DMPT is found to be more temperature sensitive than DMAPEA and DEPT. However, DEPT is found to provide better storage stability out of all three amines tested. Each amine was found to possess optimum concentrations at which the mechanical properties showed maximum values. DEPT is preferred for long-term storage stability in chemical-cured dental composites where aging tends to reduce the activity of the amine.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mathew
- Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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46
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Chang TK, Chiang Y, Guo HX, Kresge AJ, Mathew L, Powell MF, Wells JA. Solvent Isotope Effects in H2O−D2O Mixtures (Proton Inventories) on Serine-Protease-Catalyzed Hydrolysis Reactions. Influence of Oxyanion Hole Interactions and Medium Effects. J Am Chem Soc 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9614326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. K. Chang
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada, and Genentech, Inc., 460 Point San Bruno Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - Y. Chiang
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada, and Genentech, Inc., 460 Point San Bruno Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - H.-X. Guo
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada, and Genentech, Inc., 460 Point San Bruno Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - A. J. Kresge
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada, and Genentech, Inc., 460 Point San Bruno Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - L. Mathew
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada, and Genentech, Inc., 460 Point San Bruno Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - M. F. Powell
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada, and Genentech, Inc., 460 Point San Bruno Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - J. A. Wells
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada, and Genentech, Inc., 460 Point San Bruno Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080
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Creed P, Froimson L, Mathew L. Survey of the practice of electroconvulsive therapy in North Carolina. Convuls Ther 1995; 11:182-7. [PMID: 8528661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A survey of North Carolina hospitals was conducted to determine the distribution and characteristics of facilities that offer electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Parameters examined in the survey included bed size, geographic location, and average volume of ECT treatments. Facilities that offer ECT make up only 14% of total hospitals surveyed. The majority of hospitals with ECT services are located in moderate to large urban areas. Specific areas of practice were surveyed for each facility, including type of ECT device, location of treatments/recovery, methods for monitoring ictal motor seizure, time required to perform treatments, staffing, and potential areas of ECT nursing education. Standard practices at facilities were found to be generally in compliance with American Psychiatric Association recommendations; differences in practices were identified. Potential nursing education topics related to ECT were ranked to determine those most useful to individual nursing staffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Creed
- Department of Nursing, UNC Hospitals, Chapel Hill 27599-7169, USA
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Froimson L, Creed P, Mathew L. State of the art: nursing knowledge and electroconvulsive therapy. Convuls Ther 1995; 11:205-11. [PMID: 8528665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nursing services attempting to develop standards for their own facilities will find limited literature specific to nursing and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in American publications. From 1966 to December 1994, there were only 19 publications in American nursing journals that provide a specific focus on nursing and ECT. Only one of these articles reported research findings. Twenty-seven citations in Convulsive Therapy included nurse contributors. While the APA Task Force on the Practice of ECT has addressed educational needs of nursing and technical elements of the procedure, there do not currently exist specific standards for nursing practice in ECT. Concerns salient to nursing that have generated articles by nurses include instruction of patients, support to patients and families, safety of patients, assessment of clinical status, informed consent, and nurses' and patients' attitudes about ECT. Nurses are encouraged to join their physician-colleagues in developing and disseminating the information needed for the field of nursing to contribute its own expertise to the care of patients receiving ECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Froimson
- Department of Nursing, University of North Carolina Hospital, Chapel Hill 27514, USA
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Kresge AJ, Mathew L, Popik VV. Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of phenyldiazoacetic acid. Effect of an ?-diazo group on carboxylic acid acidity. J PHYS ORG CHEM 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.610080806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Mathew L. Spectrophotometric determination of ziram (dithiocarbamate fungicide) by thiocyanate and rhodamine 6G method. Talanta 1995; 42:41-3. [DOI: 10.1016/0039-9140(94)00212-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/1994] [Revised: 07/08/1994] [Accepted: 07/20/1994] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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