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Rezende MDAR, Lana MD, Diotaiuti L, Machado-de-Assis GF. Entomological surveillance of Chagas disease in the East of Minas Gerais region, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2022; 55:e0065. [PMID: 36134858 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0065-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After decentralizing the actions of the Chagas Disease Control Program (CDCP) in Brazil, municipalities were now responsible for control measures against this endemic, supervised by the Regional Health Superintendencies (RHS). We aimed to evaluate the recent entomological surveillance of Chagas disease in the Regional Health Superintendence of Governador Valadares (RHS/GV) from 2014 to 2019. METHODS Triatomines captured by residents during entomological surveillance were sent to the reference laboratory, where the species and evolutionary stages were identified, place of capture, and presence of Trypanosoma cruzi. A database was created, and the following were calculated: the rate of infection by T. cruzi (overall rate and rate by species), monthly seasonality, spatial distribution of species, number of captures, and infected triatomines/health microregions. RESULTS We identified 1,708 insects; 1,506 (88.2%) were triatomines, most were adult instars (n=1,469), and few were nymphs (n=37). The identified species were Triatoma vitticeps, Panstrongylus megistus, Panstrongylus diasi, Rhodnius neglectus, and Panstrongylus geniculatus. The first three were most frequently captured and distributed throughout the study area. Most bugs were captured intradomicile (72.5%), mainly in the second semester, between September and November, with an average infection rate of 41.5% (predominantly T. vitticeps, 49.2%). All municipalities sent triatomines, especially in the microregions of Governador Valadares. CONCLUSIONS These data reinforce the need and importance of improving Chagas disease control measures in the region to establish active and participatory entomological surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana de Almeida Rosa Rezende
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Governador Valadares, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Governador Valadares, MG, Brasil
| | - Marta de Lana
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Girley Francisco Machado-de-Assis
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Governador Valadares, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Governador Valadares, MG, Brasil
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Paim RMM, Pessoa GCD, Nascimento BWL, Nascimento AMD, Pinheiro LC, Koerich LB, Diotaiuti L, Araujo RN, Sant'Anna MRV, Gontijo NF, Pereira MH. Effect of salivary CYP4EM1 and CYP4EM2 gene silencing on the life span of Chagas disease vector Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) exposed to sublethal dose of deltamethrin. Insect Mol Biol 2022; 31:49-59. [PMID: 34478211 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Control of Chagas disease in endemic countries is primarily accomplished through insecticide spraying for triatomine vectors. In this context, pyrethroids are the first-choice insecticide, and the evolution of insect resistance to these insecticides may represent an important barrier to triatomine control. In insects, cytochrome P450s are enzymes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and endogenous chemicals that are encoded by genes divided into different families. In this work, we evaluated the role of three Rhodnius prolixus CYP4EM subfamily genes during blood meal and after deltamethrin exposure. CYP4 gene members were expressed in different insect organs (integument, salivary glands (SGs), midgut, fat body and malpighian tubules) at distinct transcriptional levels. CYP4EM1 gene was highly expressed in the SG and was clearly modulated after insect blood meal. Injection of CYP4EM1dsRNA promoted significant reduction in mRNA levels of both CYP4EM1 and CYP4EM2 genes and induced deleterious effects in R. prolixus nymphs subsequently exposed to sublethal doses of deltamethrin (3.4 or 3.8 ng/nymph treated). The higher dose reduced the survival over time and increased susceptibility of R. prolixus nymphs to deltamethrin. A better understanding of this mechanism can help in developing of more efficient strategies to reduce Trypanosoma cruzi vector transmission in Americas.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M M Paim
- Departamento de Parasitologia-ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, campus Divinópolis, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - G C D Pessoa
- Departamento de Parasitologia-ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - B W L Nascimento
- Departamento de Parasitologia-ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A M D Nascimento
- Departamento de Parasitologia-ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - L C Pinheiro
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - L B Koerich
- Departamento de Parasitologia-ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L Diotaiuti
- Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - R N Araujo
- Departamento de Parasitologia-ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M R V Sant'Anna
- Departamento de Parasitologia-ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - N F Gontijo
- Departamento de Parasitologia-ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M H Pereira
- Departamento de Parasitologia-ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Ramos Jr AN, Souza EAD, Guimarães MCS, Vermeij D, Cruz MM, Luquetti AO, Diotaiuti L, Palmeira SL, Lima MM, Costa VMD, Andrade LAB, Correia D, Sousa ASD. Response to Chagas disease in Brazil: strategic milestones for achieving comprehensive health care. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2022; 55:e01932022. [PMID: 35522805 PMCID: PMC9070067 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0193-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Silva RAD, Maldonado LA, Pessoa GCD, Diotaiuti L. Monitoring Rhodnius neglectus (Lent, 1954) populations’ susceptibility to insecticide used in controlling actions in urban areas northwest of São Paulo state. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2022; 55:e0553. [PMID: 35239912 PMCID: PMC8909448 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0553-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chagas disease (CD) is caused by the flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi and can be carried by different species of triatomines, including Rhodnius neglectus, which is wild, well distributed in Brazil, and has formed colonies in palm trees located in urban areas of municipalities in the state of São Paulo. Chemical control has been routinely used to reduce population density, but each year, there has been an increase in species dispersion and density. This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of insects to insecticides used in control. Methods: The reference population was collected from Araçatuba municipality, Nilce Maia. Dilutions of deltamethrin were prepared and applied to the back of the first-stage nymphs, which were biologically synchronized. The control group received pure acetone only. Mortality was assessed after 72 h. Results: The mortality rate with respect to diagnostic dose was 100%. The susceptibility profile observed for this population showed RR50 ranging from 1.76 to 3.632. Conclusions: The populations were susceptible to the insecticides tested. It is possible that the insecticide residual effect on this ecotope has decreased the lifespan, and controlling failures may be the cause of recolonization in this environment.
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Pessoa GCD, Silva DOD, Rosa ACL, Andrade PH, Diotaiuti L. Evaluation of the insecticide susceptibility profile in Cimex lectularius (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) in Belo Horizonte (Brazil). Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2021; 54:e0707. [PMID: 34787287 PMCID: PMC8601245 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0707-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Since 2013, major Cimex lectularius infestations have been detected in public shelters in Belo Horizonte (Brazil). Due to this, insecticide resistance has been investigated as one of the possible causes for the failure to control bedbugs. METHODS: Cimicids were subjected to bioassays according to the World Health Organization recommendations using deltamethrin and all commercial insecticides available for control of Cimex in Brazil. RESULTS: Cimicids were deltamethrin resistant and presented indicative of resistance to other insecticides, except for propoxur 1%. CONCLUSIONS: The commercial insecticides have a limited effect on bedbug populations, which may justify the unsatisfactory control observed in the shelters studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grasielle Caldas D'Ávila Pessoa
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Diego Oliveira da Silva
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto René Rachou, Grupo de Pesquisa Triatomíneos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Aline Cristine Luiz Rosa
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto René Rachou, Grupo de Pesquisa Triatomíneos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Pedro Horta Andrade
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto René Rachou, Grupo de Pesquisa Triatomíneos, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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Rodrigues Moreira Guerra L, Caldas D'Ávila Pessoa G, Horta Andrade P, Medeiros da Costa L, Diotaiuti L, Barbosa Koerich L, Viana Sant'Anna MR, Araujo RN, Gontijo NF, Horácio Pereira M. Bedbug salivation patterns during hematophagy in the skin of a mammalian host. J Insect Physiol 2021; 131:104235. [PMID: 33831435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2021.104235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cimex lectularius (Hemiptera:Cimicidae) infestations have increased over the past decades in several parts of the world, constituting a major urban pest with no reversion signs. The impact on human health caused by these insects, commonly known as bedbugs, is associated with their obligatory hematophagous habit. Allergies induced by hematophagous arthropod bites are related to the deposition of salivary molecules in the host tissues. Many reports of humans developing severe allergic reactions due to bedbug bites have been recorded, however, there is limited information on the salivation of bedbugs on the host, which was the objective of this study. C. lectularius females were fed on blood containing acridine orange fluorochrome, which labeled the principal salivary glands content. The salivation pattern of bedbugs was investigated using intravital microscopy during its blood meal on the ear skin of hairless mice. Saliva deposition occurred during all insect blood-feeding phases, beginning as soon as the mouthpart touched the host skin. During the probing phase, saliva was deposited in large quantities in the host dermis. In contrast, during the engorgement phase (which represents the largest blood meal of the insects), saliva was released at a much slower rate. The apparent release of saliva into the cannulated vessel and/or adjacent tissue occurs only sporadically during insect blood ingestion. However, a small area (spot) of fluorescence was detected around the proboscis tip during this feeding phase. An interesting feature of bedbugs is that they release saliva inside and outside the vessels without removing their mouthparts from the vessel lumen. This is an effective feeding strategy because it does not interrupt blood ingestion and decreases the mouthparts movements on the host's skin, minimizing the damage to tissues and contact time with the host (feeding time).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Rodrigues Moreira Guerra
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos, Departamento de Parasitologia/ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Grasielle Caldas D'Ávila Pessoa
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos, Departamento de Parasitologia/ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Horta Andrade
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos, Departamento de Parasitologia/ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lidiane Medeiros da Costa
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos, Departamento de Parasitologia/ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Grupo de Pesquisa Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Barbosa Koerich
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos, Departamento de Parasitologia/ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maurício Roberto Viana Sant'Anna
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos, Departamento de Parasitologia/ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Nascimento Araujo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos, Departamento de Parasitologia/ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Nelder Figueiredo Gontijo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos, Departamento de Parasitologia/ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcos Horácio Pereira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos, Departamento de Parasitologia/ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Bezerra CM, Belisário CJ, D'Ávilla Pessoa GC, Rosa ACL, Barezani CP, Ferreira FC, Ramos AN, Gürtler RE, Diotaiuti L. Microsatellite variation revealed panmictic pattern for Triatoma brasiliensis (Triatominae: Reduviidae) in rural northeastern Brazil: the control measures implications. BMC Genet 2020; 21:92. [PMID: 32854614 PMCID: PMC7457261 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-020-00903-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Triatoma brasiliensis Neiva, 1911 is the main vector of Trypanosoma cruzi in the caatinga of Northeastern Brazil. Despite of its epidemiological relevance, there are few studies on its genetic variability. Using microsatellite markers, we characterized the variability and dynamics of infestation and reinfestation of T. brasiliensis after residual insecticide spraying in five surveys conducted in a well-defined rural area located in the municipality of Tauá, Ceará, between 2009 and 2015. We evaluated: (1) general variability among local of captures; (2) variability along the time analysis (2009, 2010 and 2015); (3) and reinfestation process. Results On the analysis (1) global and pairwise FST values suggested absence of clusters among the area. AMOVA indicated that total variation is mainly represented by individual differences. Absence of clustering indicates a panmitic unit, with free gene flow. For (2), Pairwise FST indicated alterations in the genetic profile of the triatomines along the time. (3) Analysis of the reinfestation process showed that the domiciliary units investigated had different sources of infestation despite of its proximity. Conclusions Observed homogeneity can be explained by the great dispersal capacity of T. brasiliensis, overlapping the different environments. Persistent house infestation in Tauá may be attributed to the occurrence of postspraying residual foci and the invasion of triatomines from their natural habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mendonça Bezerra
- Departamento de Saúde Comunitária. Rua Professor Costa Mendes 1608 - Bloco Didático 5° andar - Rodolfo Teófilo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP: 60430-140, Brazil. .,Secretaria da Saúde do Estado do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Carlota Josefovicz Belisário
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto René Rachou / FIOCRUZ - MG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Cristine Luiz Rosa
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto René Rachou / FIOCRUZ - MG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Carla Patrícia Barezani
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto René Rachou / FIOCRUZ - MG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Flávio Campos Ferreira
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto René Rachou / FIOCRUZ - MG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alberto Novaes Ramos
- Departamento de Saúde Comunitária. Rua Professor Costa Mendes 1608 - Bloco Didático 5° andar - Rodolfo Teófilo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP: 60430-140, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Esteban Gürtler
- Laboratory of Eco-Epidemiology, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA). Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Barbosa-Silva AN, Souza RDCMD, Diotaiuti L, Aguiar LMA, Câmara ACJD, Galvão LMDC, Chiari E. Synanthropic triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): infestation, colonization, and natural infection by trypanosomatids in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2019; 52:e20190061. [PMID: 31340365 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0061-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The ecoepidemiological situation in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil is characterized by frequent invasion and colonization of domiciliary units (DUs) by several triatomine species, with high rates of natural infection by Trypanosoma cruzi. METHODS: We evaluated the possibility of vector transmission of T. cruzi based on records of the occurrence of domiciled triatomines collected by the Secretariat of State for Public Health from 2005 to 2015. During this period, 67.7% (113/167) of municipalities conducted at least one active search and 110 recorded the presence of insects in DUs. These activities were more frequent in municipalities considered to have a high and medium-level risk of T. cruzi transmission. RESULTS Of 51,569 captured triatomines, the most common species were Triatoma brasiliensis (47.2%) and T. pseudomaculata (40.2%). Colonies of T. brasiliensis, T. pseudomaculata, T. petrocchiae, Panstrongylus lutzi, and Rhodnius nasutus were also recorded in the intradomicile and peridomicile. Natural infection by trypanosomatids was detected in 1,153 specimens; the highest rate was found in R. nasutus (3.5%), followed by T. brasiliensis (2.5%) and T. pseudomaculata (2.4%). There have been high levels of colonization over the years; however, not all infested DUs have been sprayed. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of intradomicile and peridomicile colonization by P. lutzi. These results demonstrate the risk of new cases of infection by T. cruzi and reinforce the need for continuous entomological surveillance in the State of Rio Grande do Norte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Noronha Barbosa-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | | | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Instituto René Rachou-FIOCRUZ Minas, Triatomine Research Group, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Antonia Cláudia Jácome da Câmara
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Lúcia Maria da Cunha Galvão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Egler Chiari
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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Bezerra CM, Barbosa SE, Souza RDCMD, Barezani CP, Gürtler RE, Ramos AN, Diotaiuti L. Triatoma brasiliensis Neiva, 1911: food sources and diversity of Trypanosoma cruzi in wild and artificial environments of the semiarid region of Ceará, northeastern Brazil. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:642. [PMID: 30558643 PMCID: PMC6296072 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3235-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Knowledge of triatomine food sources in different ecotopes enables the estimation of T. cruzi transmission risk in diverse environments, as well as its dynamics of dispersion and ecological niche. For Triatoma brasiliensis in the Caatinga, in the northeast of Brazil, seasonal differences influence feeding eclecticism and rates of T. cruzi infection. The objective of the present study was to monitor food sources and to characterize the populations of T. cruzi associated with T. brasiliensis in wild and domestic environments in the Caatinga of northeast Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional study based on a search for triatomines in wild and domestic environments, was undertaken at five different time periods from 2009 to 2015. Insects from 2015 were used for identification of food sources. Two universal primers, based on the conserved regions of the 12S rRNA locus, were used to amplify fragments of 215 bp. The content of the intestinal tract of triatomines was identified by a comparison between the sequences obtained and those deposited in the GenBank database, using BLAST. In triatomines with parasitological diagnosis of infection by trypanosomatids, xenoculture was performed for the isolation and characterization of strains, using cox2, the amplification of the SL-IL mini-exon intergenic spacer and the polymorphism of the D7 divergent domain of the gene 24αrDNA-LSU. Results Food sources were identified in 76.3% (213/279) T. brasiliensis specimens sampled in 2015. The most frequent sources in a total of 20 vertebrate species were: rodents (58%, 123/213), ruminants (30%, 64/213) and cats (6%, 12/213). A total of 49% (44/89) of the samples of T. cruzi isolated in the period from 2009 to 2015 were characterized: TcII (43%, 19/44), TcI (41%, 18/44) and TcIII (16%, 7/44). Conclusions The feeding eclecticism of T. brasiliensis shows its importance in maintaining the transmission dynamics of T. cruzi, with evidence of intense circulation between anthropic and wild environments. Attention should be placed on the association among T. brasiliensis, rodents and ruminants, in addition to the presence of TcIII in the study region. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-3235-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mendonça Bezerra
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. .,Secretaria da Saúde do Estado do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.
| | - Silvia Ermelinda Barbosa
- Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | | | - Carla Patrícia Barezani
- Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Esteban Gürtler
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alberto Novaes Ramos
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Noronha Barbosa da Silva A, Diotaiuti L, Jácome da Câmara AC, Câmara de Oliveira PI, Cunha Galvão LM, Chiari E, Moreira de Souza RDC. First report of Psammolestes tertius Lent & Jurberg, 1965 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) in Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. CheckList 2018. [DOI: 10.15560/14.6.1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first known occurrence of Psammolestes tertius Lent & Jurberg, 1965 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. In 2009 and 2017, 2 adult specimens, a female and a male respectively, were collected at the Seridó Ecological Station, which is located in the municipality of Serra Negra do Norte. These records broadens the geographical distribution of P. tertius in Brazil and the biodiversity of triatomines in Rio Grande do Norte.
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Brito RN, Gorla DE, Diotaiuti L, Gomes ACF, Souza RCM, Abad-Franch F. Drivers of house invasion by sylvatic Chagas disease vectors in the Amazon-Cerrado transition: A multi-year, state-wide assessment of municipality-aggregated surveillance data. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0006035. [PMID: 29145405 PMCID: PMC5689836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insecticide spraying efficiently controls house infestation by triatomine bugs, the vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi. The strategy, however, is ineffective against sylvatic triatomines, which can transmit Chagas disease by invading (without colonizing) man-made structures. Despite growing awareness of the relevance of these transmission dynamics, the drivers of house invasion by sylvatic triatomines remain poorly understood. Methods/Findings About 12,000 sylvatic triatomines were caught during routine surveillance in houses of Tocantins state, Brazil, in 2005–2013. Using negative binomial regression, information-theoretic model evaluation/averaging, and external model validation, we investigated the effects of regional (Amazon/Cerrado), landscape (preservation/disturbance), and climate covariates (temperature, rainfall) on the municipality-aggregated numbers of house-invading Rhodnius pictipes, R. robustus, R. neglectus, and Panstrongylus geniculatus. House invasion by R. pictipes and R. robustus was overall more frequent in the Amazon biome, tended to increase in municipalities with more well-preserved land, and decreased in rainier municipalities. Across species, invasion decreased with higher landscape-disturbance levels and in hotter-day municipalities. Invasion by R. neglectus and P. geniculatus increased somewhat with more land at intermediate disturbance and peaked in average-rainfall municipalities. Temperature effects were more pronounced on P. geniculatus than on Rhodnius spp. Conclusions We report widespread, frequent house invasion by sylvatic triatomines in the Amazon–Cerrado transition. Our analyses indicate that readily available environmental metrics may help predict the risk of contact between sylvatic triatomines and humans at coarse geographic scales, and hint at specific hypotheses about climate and deforestation effects on those vectors–with some taxon-specific responses and some seemingly general trends. Thus, our focal species appear to be quite sensitive to higher temperatures, and might be less common in more heavily-disturbed than in better-preserved environments. This study illustrates, in sum, how entomological routine-surveillance data can be efficiently used for Chagas disease risk prediction and stratification when house-colonizing vectors are absent. Triatomine bugs are the vectors of Chagas disease, still a key public health concern in the Americas. Insecticide spraying efficiently controls house infestation by triatomines, but is useless against sylvatic bugs–which can transmit the disease by simply invading human residences. Although this behavior is common, the drivers of house invasion by wild triatomines remain poorly understood. Using municipality-aggregated data from routine surveillance, we investigated whether and how some major environmental factors affect house invasion by four triatomine species across the transition between Amazon rainforests and Cerrado savannahs in Brazil. We found that house invasion (i) is widespread, (ii) varies by region for some species, (iii) is overall less frequent in areas with higher levels of landscape disturbance, and (iv) is less common in hotter and in rainier sites. Although the effects of landscape disturbance and climate differed somewhat among bug species, the general approach we describe here may help advance Chagas disease risk assessment when house-colonizing vectors are absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa N. Brito
- Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou–Fiocruz Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - David E. Gorla
- Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología Espacial de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores, Instituto de Altos Estudios Espaciales Mario Gulich–CONAE / Universidad Nacional de Córdoba–CONICET, Falda del Cañete, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou–Fiocruz Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anália C. F. Gomes
- Coordenação de Vigilância de Doenças Vetoriais e Zoonoses, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Tocantins, Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil
| | - Rita C. M. Souza
- Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou–Fiocruz Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernando Abad-Franch
- Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou–Fiocruz Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail: ,
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Nogueira Brito R, Diotaiuti L, Celencina Fagundes Gomes A, de Cássia Moreira de Souza R, Abad-Franch F. Triatoma costalimai (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in and Around Houses of Tocantins State, Brazil, 2005-2014. J Med Entomol 2017; 54:1771-1774. [PMID: 29106640 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Triatoma costalimai Verano & Galvão, a little-known vector of Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas, occupies rocky environments in the Brazilian Cerrado and occasionally infests man-made habitats. Entomological surveillance records show that T. costalimai occurs fairly often inside and around houses in south-eastern Tocantins, Brazil, with 859 specimens reported in 2005-2014. Most adults were caught indoors, and breeding colonies were found inside and around houses. Trypanosoma cruzi was detected in 13.7% of 839 bugs. These data suggest that T. costalimai can contribute to T. cruzi transmission in human environments, underscoring the need for long-term entomological-epidemiological surveillance wherever native Chagas disease vectors occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa Nogueira Brito
- Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernando Abad-Franch
- Grupo Triatomíneos, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Vianna EN, Souza e Guimarães RJDP, Souza CR, Gorla D, Diotaiuti L. Chagas disease ecoepidemiology and environmental changes in northern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2017; 112:760-768. [PMID: 29091136 PMCID: PMC5661899 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760170061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triatoma sordida and Triatoma pseudomaculata are frequently captured triatomine species in the Brazilian savannah and caatinga biomes, respectively, and in Brazilian domiciles. OBJECTIVES This study identified eco-epidemiological changes in Chagas disease in northern Minas Gerais state, Brazil, and considered the influence of environmental shifts and both natural and anthropogenic effects. METHODS Domicile infestation and Trypanosoma cruzi infection rates were obtained from triatomines and sylvatic reservoirs during the following two time periods: the 1980s and 2007/2008. Entomological and climatic data with land cover classification derived from satellite imagery were integrated into a geographic information system (GIS), which was applied for atmospheric correction, segmentation, image classification, and mapping and to analyse data obtained in the field. Climatic data were analysed and compared to land cover classifications. RESULTS A comparison of current data with data obtained in the 1980's showed that T. sordida colonised domiciliary areas in both periods, and that T. pseudomaculata did not colonise these areas. There was a tendency toward a reduction in T. cruzi infection rates in sylvatic reservoirs, and of triatomines captured in both households and in the sylvatic environment. T. sordida populations have reduced in the sylvatic environment, while T. pseudomaculata showed an expanding trend in the region compared to counts observed in the 1980's in the sylvatic environment. This may be related to high deforestation rates as well as gradual increases in land surface temperature (LST) and temperatures along the years. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a geographical expansion of species into new biomes as a result of anthropogenic and climatic changes that directly interfere with the reproductive and infection processes of vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Neves Vianna
- Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Patologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | | | | | - David Gorla
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Instituto de Altos Estudios Espaciales Mario Gulich, CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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Dávila Pessoa GC, Alburquerque e Silva R, Alves RV, Da Costa VM, Leite Jardim Cavalcante KR, Diotaiuti L. FORTALECIMENTO DA VIGILÂNCIA EM SAÚDE NO BRASIL: REDE DE MONITORAMENTO DA RESISTÊNCIA DOS TRIATOMÍNEOS AOS INSETICIDAS. Rev Patol Trop 2016. [DOI: 10.5216/rpt.v45i4.44609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Em 2010 foi criada no Brasil, pelo Ministério da Saúde e pelo Laboratório de Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz a “Rede de Monitoramento da Resistência de Triatomíneos aos Inseticidas” com vistas a: 1) caracterizar e monitorar a suscetibilidade/resistência das populações triatomínicas brasileiras aos inseticidas, 2) desenvolver métodos destinados ao diagnóstico da resistência dos triatomíneos aos inseticidas e 3) contribuir na avaliação e melhoria das atividades desenvolvidas junto ao controle químico dos triatomíneos. A implantação desta iniciativa, que possui hoje reconhecimento internacional junto a Organização Mundial de Saúde, está apresentada neste trabalho de forma detalhada
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Dias JVL, Queiroz DRM, Diotaiuti L, Pires HHR. Conhecimentos sobre triatomíneos e sobre a doença de Chagas em localidades com diferentes níveis de infestação vetorial. Ciênc saúde coletiva 2016; 21:2293-304. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232015217.07792015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo A participação comunitária é a principal estratégia para a manutenção da vigilância entomológica da doença de Chagas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar conhecimentos sobre triatomíneos e a doença de Chagas entre moradores de oito localidades de Diamantina, Minas Gerais, atentando a uma eventual relação entre os conhecimentos e a infestação vetorial. Para avaliação dos conhecimentos foi aplicado questionário com questões fechadas e abertas a 583 moradores com idade igual ou superior a dez anos e, para avaliar a capacidade de reconhecimento de triatomíneos, foi apresentado mostruário com insetos. As respostas às questões fechadas foram analisadas quanto à frequência e associação com a infestação triatomínica. As respostas às questões abertas foram organizadas em eixos temáticos e analisadas descritivamente. Embora a capacidade de reconhecer os triatomíneos não tenha sido associada à infestação das localidades, os residentes em áreas com maior infestação demonstraram conhecer melhor os serviços de referência e a necessidade de encaminhar os insetos a estes. Não foi observada associação entre a infestação triatomínica e os conhecimentos sobre a doença de Chagas. Os resultados ora apresentados podem orientar ações de educação em saúde voltadas para a participação da comunidade na notificação de triatomíneos.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Brasil
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Pessoa GCD, de Sousa TN, Sonoda IV, Diotaiuti L. Assessing the mitochondrial DNA diversity of the Chagas disease vector Triatoma sordida (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2016; 111:322-9. [PMID: 27143491 PMCID: PMC4878301 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760150429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Triatoma sordida is a species that transmits Trypanosoma cruzi to humans. In Brazil, T. sordida currently deserves special attention because of its wide distribution, tendency to invade domestic environments and vectorial competence. For the planning and execution of control protocols to be effective against Triatominae, they must consider its population structure. In this context, this study aimed to characterise the genetic variability of T. sordida populations collected in areas with persistent infestations from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Levels of genetic variation and population structure were determined in peridomestic T. sordida by sequencing a polymorphic region of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Low nucleotide and haplotype diversity were observed for all 14 sampled areas; π values ranged from 0.002-0.006. Most obtained haplotypes occurred at low frequencies, and some were exclusive to only one of the studied populations. Interpopulation genetic diversity analysis revealed strong genetic structuring. Furthermore, the genetic variability of Brazilian populations is small compared to that of Argentinean and Bolivian specimens. The possible factors related to the reduced genetic variability and strong genetic structuring obtained for studied populations are discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grasielle Caldas D‘Ávila Pessoa
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Laboratório de
Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Belo Horizonte, MG,
Brasil
| | - Tais Nóbrega de Sousa
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Laboratório de
Malária, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Ivan Vieira Sonoda
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Laboratório de
Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Belo Horizonte, MG,
Brasil
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Laboratório de
Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Belo Horizonte, MG,
Brasil
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Pessoa GCD, Rosa ACL, Bedin C, Wilhelms T, Mello FD, Coutinho HS, Fonseca EOL, dos Santos RF, Diotaiuti L. Susceptibility characterization of residual Brazilian populations of Triatoma infestans Klug, 1834 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) to deltamethrin pyrethroid. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2016; 48:157-61. [PMID: 25992929 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0011-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite years of efforts towards the elimination of Triatoma infestans in Brazil, residual foci still persist in some areas of the States of Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul. The persistence of these T. infestans populations in the country has two different origins of equal concern: operational failures or insecticide resistance. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize the susceptibility profile of the residual Brazilian populations of T. infestans to deltamethrin. METHODS The susceptibility reference lineage was derived from Cipein/Argentina. The populations studied were manually collected using a dislodging agent in peridomiciles in the States of Bahia (Novo Horizonte) and of Rio Grande do Sul (Santa Rosa and Doutor Maurício Cardoso). Serial dilutions of deltamethrin were prepared and applied at the dorsal abdomen of first instar nymphs. The control group received only pure acetone. Mortality was evaluated after 72h. Qualitative tests assessed the mortality of a diagnostic dose of 1xLD99 (2.76ng a.i./nymph) determined for the susceptibility reference lineage. RESULTS The susceptibility profile characterization of the T. infestans populations revealed an RR50 ranging from 1.73 to 3.26. The mortality percentage in response to a diagnostic dose was 100%. The results obtained in the quantitative and qualitative assays corresponded for all populations. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that the persistence of residual foci of T. infestans in Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul is not related to insecticide resistance but may be associated with operational failures. In Rio Grande do Sul, we must consider the possibility of continuous reinfestation by Argentinian individuals, which justifies active and efficient epidemiological surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grasielle Caldas D'avila Pessoa
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aline Cristine Luiz Rosa
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cleonara Bedin
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Pesquisas Biológicas, Secretaria de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tânia Wilhelms
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Pesquisas Biológicas, Secretaria de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Mello
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Pesquisas Biológicas, Secretaria de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Helder Silveira Coutinho
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública da Bahia, Diretoria de Vigilância Epidemiológica, Secretaria de Saúde da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Oyama Lins Fonseca
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública da Bahia, Diretoria de Vigilância Epidemiológica, Secretaria de Saúde da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Roberto Fonseca dos Santos
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública da Bahia, Diretoria de Vigilância Epidemiológica, Secretaria de Saúde da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Pessoa GCD, Vinãs PA, Rosa ACL, Diotaiuti L. History of insecticide resistance of Triatominae vectors. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2016; 48:380-9. [PMID: 26312926 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0081-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last 15 years, different types of Triatominae resistance to different insecticides have been reported; thus, resistance may be more widespread than known, requiring better characterization and delimitation, which was the aim of this review. This review was structured on a literature search of all articles from 1970 to 2015 in the PubMed database that contained the keywords Insecticide resistance and Triatominae . Out of 295 articles screened by title, 33 texts were selected for detailed analysis. Insecticide resistance of Triatomines is a complex phenomenon that has been primarily reported in Argentina and Bolivia, and is caused by different factors (associated or isolated). Insecticide resistance of Triatominae is a characteristic inherited in an autosomal and semi-dominant manner, and is polygenic, being present in both domestic and sylvatic populations. The toxicological profile observed in eggs cannot be transposed to different stages of evolution. Different toxicological profiles exist at macro- and microgeographical levels. The insecticide phenotype has both reproductive and developmental costs. Different physiological mechanisms are involved in resistance. Studies of Triatomine resistance to insecticides highlight three deficiencies in interpreting the obtained results: I) the vast diversity of methodologies, despite the existence of a single guiding protocol; II) the lack of information on the actual impact of resistance ratios in the field; and III) the concept of the susceptibility reference lineage. Research on the biological and behavioral characteristics of each Triatominae species that has evolved resistance is required in relation to the environmental conditions of each region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grasielle Caldas Dávila Pessoa
- Laboratório de Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
| | | | - Aline Cristine Luiz Rosa
- Laboratório de Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
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Dias JVL, Queiroz DRM, Martins HR, Gorla DE, Pires HHR, Diotaiuti L. Spatial distribution of triatomines in domiciles of an urban area of the Brazilian Southeast Region. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2016; 111:43-50. [PMID: 26814643 PMCID: PMC4727435 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760150352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Reports of triatomine infestation in urban areas have increased. We analysed the spatial distribution of infestation by triatomines in the urban area of Diamantina, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Triatomines were obtained by community-based entomological surveillance. Spatial patterns of infestation were analysed by Ripley's K function and Kernel density estimator. Normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and land cover derived from satellite imagery were compared between infested and uninfested areas. A total of 140 adults of four species were captured (100 Triatoma vitticeps, 25 Panstrongylus geniculatus, 8 Panstrongylus megistus, and 7 Triatoma arthurneivai specimens). In total, 87.9% were captured within domiciles. Infection by trypanosomes was observed in 19.6% of 107 examined insects. The spatial distributions ofT. vitticeps, P. geniculatus, T. arthurneivai, and trypanosome-positive triatomines were clustered, occurring mainly in peripheral areas. NDVI values were statistically higher in areas infested by T. vitticeps and P. geniculatus. Buildings infested by these species were located closer to open fields, whereas infestations of P. megistus and T. arthurneivai were closer to bare soil. Human occupation and modification of natural areas may be involved in triatomine invasion, exposing the population to these vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Victor Leite Dias
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Laboratório de
Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento
de Farmácia, Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - Dimas Ramon Mota Queiroz
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento
de Farmácia, Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - Helen Rodrigues Martins
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento
de Farmácia, Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - David Eladio Gorla
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto
Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Herton Helder Rocha Pires
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento
de Farmácia, Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Laboratório de
Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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Abad-Franch F, Lima MM, Sarquis O, Gurgel-Gonçalves R, Sánchez-Martín M, Calzada J, Saldaña A, Monteiro FA, Palomeque FS, Santos WS, Angulo VM, Esteban L, Dias FBS, Diotaiuti L, Bar ME, Gottdenker NL. On palms, bugs, and Chagas disease in the Americas. Acta Trop 2015. [PMID: 26196330 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Palms are ubiquitous across Neotropical landscapes, from pristine forests or savannahs to large cities. Although palms provide useful ecosystem services, they also offer suitable habitat for triatomines and for Trypanosoma cruzi mammalian hosts. Wild triatomines often invade houses by flying from nearby palms, potentially leading to new cases of human Chagas disease. Understanding and predicting triatomine-palm associations and palm infestation probabilities is important for enhancing Chagas disease prevention in areas where palm-associated vectors transmit T. cruzi. We present a comprehensive overview of palm infestation by triatomines in the Americas, combining a thorough reanalysis of our published and unpublished records with an in-depth review of the literature. We use site-occupancy modeling (SOM) to examine infestation in 3590 palms sampled with non-destructive methods, and standard statistics to describe and compare infestation in 2940 palms sampled by felling-and-dissection. Thirty-eight palm species (18 genera) have been reported to be infested by ∼39 triatomine species (10 genera) from the USA to Argentina. Overall infestation varied from 49.1-55.3% (SOM) to 62.6-66.1% (dissection), with important heterogeneities among sub-regions and particularly among palm species. Large palms with complex crowns (e.g., Attalea butyracea, Acrocomia aculeata) and some medium-crowned palms (e.g., Copernicia, Butia) are often infested; in slender, small-crowned palms (e.g., Euterpe) triatomines associate with vertebrate nests. Palm infestation tends to be higher in rural settings, but urban palms can also be infested. Most Rhodnius species are probably true palm specialists, whereas Psammolestes, Eratyrus, Cavernicola, Panstrongylus, Triatoma, Alberprosenia, and some Bolboderini seem to use palms opportunistically. Palms provide extensive habitat for enzootic T. cruzi cycles and a critical link between wild cycles and transmission to humans. Unless effective means to reduce contact between people and palm-living triatomines are devised, palms will contribute to maintaining long-term and widespread, albeit possibly low-intensity, transmission of human Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Abad-Franch
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane - Fiocruz, Rua Teresina 476, Manaus 69057-070, Amazonas, Brazil; Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou - Fiocruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Marli M Lima
- Laboratório de Ecoepidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Otília Sarquis
- Laboratório de Ecoepidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Gurgel-Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Parasitologia Médica e Biologia de Vetores, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Asa Norte, Brasília 70904-970, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - María Sánchez-Martín
- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona - ISGlobal, c/ Rosselló 132, 5° 2ª, 08036 Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - José Calzada
- Insituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Av. Justo Arosemena y Calle 32, Panamá 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Azael Saldaña
- Insituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Av. Justo Arosemena y Calle 32, Panamá 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Fernando A Monteiro
- Laboratório de Epidemiologia e Sistemática Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Francisco S Palomeque
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30329-4027, USA
| | - Walter S Santos
- Laboratório de Doença de Chagas, Seção de Parasitologia, Instituto Evandro Chagas - SVS/MS, Rodovia BR 316 km 7 s/n, 67030-000 Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - Victor M Angulo
- Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales - CINTROP, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Calle 9 no. 27, Piedecuesta 680002, Santander, Colombia
| | - Lyda Esteban
- Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales - CINTROP, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Calle 9 no. 27, Piedecuesta 680002, Santander, Colombia
| | - Fernando B S Dias
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou - Fiocruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou - Fiocruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - María Esther Bar
- Laboratorio de Artrópodos, Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Av. Libertad 5470, CP 3400 Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Nicole L Gottdenker
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Pessoa GCD, Rosa ACL, Cavalari L, Rezende JGD, de Mello BV, Diotaiuti L. Susceptibility of Triatoma sordida Stal, 1859 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) to alpha-cypermethrin under natural climatic conditions. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2015; 48:422-6. [PMID: 26312932 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0097-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the recommendations by interpretation of resistance ratios obtained in laboratory bioassays, little is known about the actual impact of these results in the effectiveness of vector control activities in the field. In this context, our objective was to determine the mean value of different resistance ratios obtained by laboratory bioassays performed as part of the chemical control strategies of Triatoma sordida in the field. METHODS Field bioassays were developed in Monte Azul and Coração de Jesus (Southeast, Brazil). In each location, samples were formed with three domestic units treated with alpha-cypermethrin 20.0% (Alfatek (r) 200 SC). One day after spraying, 10 fifth-instar nymphs remained in contact with the surfaces treated (adobe with plaster, adobe without plaster, or wood) with insecticide in plastic cones for 72h. Three cones were exposed inside the intradomicile and the peridomicile. The insects in the control group were exposed to an insecticide-free piece of cardboard. Mortality was measured 72h after removal of the insects from the treated surfaces. The tests were realized in triplicate. RESULTS Mortality was 100.0% in all locations, except for Monte Azul; Landinho (96.6%) and Coração de Jesus; Barriguda (96.6%). CONCLUSIONS Although the resistant populations in laboratory tests proved to be susceptible in the field, this observation is not sufficient to suggest that the cut-off points used to justify the resistance ratio should be changed. In this sense, we recommend that laboratory and field bioassays are carried out with a greater number of Triatominae populations to allow more in-depth consideration of the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grasielle Caldas Dávila Pessoa
- Laboratório de Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
| | - Aline Cristine Luiz Rosa
- Laboratório de Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
| | - Letícia Cavalari
- Laboratório de Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
| | | | - Bernardino Vaz de Mello
- Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de Minas Gerais, Governo do Estado de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
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Pessoa GCD, dos Santos TRM, Salazar GC, Dias LS, de Mello BV, Ferraz ML, Diotaiuti L. Variability of susceptibility to deltamethrin in peridomestic Triatoma sordida from Triângulo Mineiro, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2015; 48:417-21. [PMID: 26312931 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0047-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite chemical and physical vector control strategies, persistent infestations of Triatoma sordida have been reported in a large part of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and the cause for this is little investigated. We aimed to characterize the deltamethrin toxicological profile in peridomestic T. sordidapopulations from Triângulo Mineiro area of Minas Gerais. METHODS Susceptibility to deltamethrin was assessed in seventeen peridomestic T. sordida populations. Serial dilutions of deltamethrin in acetone (0.2µL) were topically applied on the first instar nymphs (F1; five days old; fasting weight, 1.2 ± 0.2mg). Dose response results were analyzed using Probit software, and the lethal doses, slope and resistance ratios were determined. Qualitative tests were also performed. RESULTS The deltamethrin susceptibility profile of T. sordida populations revealed resistance ratios ranging from 0.84 to 2.8. The percentage mortality in response to a diagnostic dose was 100.0% in all populations. CONCLUSIONS From our results, the lack of resistance to insecticides but persistent T. sordida infestations in the Triângulo Mineiro area may be because of: 1) environmental degradation facilitating dispersion of T. sordida, allowing colonization in artificial ecotopes; 2) operational failures; and 3) complexity of the peridomicile in the study area.These variables are being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grasielle Caldas Dávila Pessoa
- Laboratório de Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
| | - Tamara Rodrigues Martins dos Santos
- Laboratório de Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
| | - Gabriela Chadid Salazar
- Laboratório de Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
| | - Letícia Sena Dias
- Laboratório de Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
| | - Bernardino Vaz de Mello
- Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de Minas Gerais, Governo do Estado de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
| | - Marcela Lencine Ferraz
- Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de Minas Gerais, Governo do Estado de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Referência em Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, BR
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de Souza RDCM, Campolina-Silva GH, Bezerra CM, Diotaiuti L, Gorla DE. Does Triatoma brasiliensis occupy the same environmental niche space as Triatoma melanica? Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:361. [PMID: 26156398 PMCID: PMC4496957 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0973-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triatomines (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) are vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, one of the most important vector-borne diseases in Latin America. This study compares the environmental niche spaces of Triatoma brasiliensis and Triatoma melanica using ecological niche modelling and reports findings on DNA barcoding and wing geometric morphometrics as tools for the identification of these species. METHODS We compared the geographic distribution of the species using generalized linear models fitted to elevation and current data on land surface temperature, vegetation cover and rainfall recorded by earth observation satellites for northeastern Brazil. Additionally, we evaluated nucleotide sequence data from the barcode region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (CO1) and wing geometric morphometrics as taxonomic identification tools for T. brasiliensis and T. melanica. RESULTS The ecological niche models show that the environmental spaces currently occupied by T. brasiliensis and T. melanica are similar although not equivalent, and associated with the caatinga ecosystem. The CO1 sequence analyses based on pair wise genetic distance matrix calculated using Kimura 2-Parameter (K2P) evolutionary model, clearly separate the two species, supporting the barcoding gap. Wing size and shape analyses based on seven landmarks of 72 field specimens confirmed consistent differences between T. brasiliensis and T. melanica. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the separation of the two species should be attributed to a factor that does not include the current environmental conditions. However, as the caatinga is a biome that has existed in the area for at least the last 18,000 years, past conditions might have had an influence in the speciation process. The DNA Barcoding approach may be extended to these members of the subfamily Triatominae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita de Cássia Moreira de Souza
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, CEP 30.190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel H Campolina-Silva
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, CEP 30.190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, CEP 30.190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - David E Gorla
- IMBIV-CONICET, Casilla de Correo 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Belisário CJ, Pessoa GCD, dos Santos PF, Dias LS, Rosa ACL, Diotaiuti L. Markers for the population genetics studies of Triatoma sordida (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:269. [PMID: 25963633 PMCID: PMC4435924 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0879-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triatoma sordida, a vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, is native of Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay, and occurs primarily in peridomiciles. Currently, it is the species most frequently captured by the Chagas Disease Control Program in Brazil. For this reason, population genetic studies attract great interest, as they can provide further information about the dispersal and household invasion processes of this species. In the absence of suitable markers, the objective of this study was to test the cross amplification of microsatellite primers. Findings 23 primers were tested for microsatellite loci already described for other species of the genus Triatoma sp. Forty four specimens of T. sordida captured in the north of Minas Gerais were used to validate the use of standardized loci for population genetic analyses. It was possible to amplify 10 of the 23 loci tested for T. sordida. Conclusions This is the first study that provides 10 microsatellite markers for population analysis of this triatomine species. Cross-amplification of primers can be used among other phylogenetically related species whose loci are already available for study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Josefovicz Belisário
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Avenida Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, CEP 30.190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Grasielle Caldas D'Ávila Pessoa
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Avenida Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, CEP 30.190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Paula Fernandes dos Santos
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Avenida Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, CEP 30.190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Sena Dias
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Avenida Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, CEP 30.190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Aline Cristine Luiz Rosa
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Avenida Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, CEP 30.190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Avenida Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, CEP 30.190-002, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Pessoa GCD, Obara MT, Rezende JG, de Mello BV, Ferraz ML, Diotaiuti L. Deltamethrin toxicological profile of peridomestic Triatoma sordida in the North of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:263. [PMID: 25952153 PMCID: PMC4432949 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0873-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In general, there was a large reduction in the occurrence of cases of Chagas disease in the last decades in Brazil. However, despite all of these efforts, there have been various reports of persistent reinfestations of T. sordida in a large part of the state of Minas Gerais, for reasons still little investigated. Thus, this purpose of this study was to characterize the deltamethrin susceptibility profile of peridomestic T. sordida populations from North of Minas Gerais – Brazil. Methods Susceptibility to deltamethrin was assessed in seventeen peridomestic populations of T. sordida from North region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Serial dilutions of deltamethrin in acetone (0.2 μL) were topically applied in first instar nymphs (F1, five days old, fasting, weight 1.2 ± 0.2 mg). Dose response results were analyzed with POLO program, determining the lethal doses, slope and resistance ratios (RR). Results Susceptibility profile characterization of T. sordida populations revealed resistance ratios (RR50) ranging from 2.50 to 7.08. Conclusions In fact, we know very little about the real impact of the resistance ratios obtained in the laboratory bioassays on the effectiveness of the vector control activities in the field. Thus, we prefer to refer to the populations with RR > 5 as populations with altered susceptibility. For these populations, the realization of laboratory and field trials, simultaneous and complementary, permitting the evaluation of both, is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grasielle Caldas Dávila Pessoa
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas/CPqRR/FIOCRUZ, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Barro Preto, 29190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Takashi Obara
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - João G Rezende
- Gerência Regional de Saúde de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas/CPqRR/FIOCRUZ, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Barro Preto, 29190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Pessoa GCD, Dias LS, Diotaiuti L. Deltamethrin pyrethroid susceptibility characterization of Triatoma sordida Stål, 1859 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) populations in the Northern Region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2015; 47:426-9. [PMID: 25229281 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0129-2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triatoma sordida is the most captured Triatomine species in the Brazilian artificial environment. In 2008, the discovery of three Triatomine populations with altered susceptibilities to deltamethrin highlighted the importance of investigating the genetic potential for resistance in triatomines. The purpose of this study was to characterize the susceptibility to deltamethrin of peridomestic T. sordida populations in Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS A susceptibility reference lineage derived from Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil was used. Serial dilutions of deltamethrin were prepared and applied to the dorsal abdomen of first instar nymphs. The control group received only pure acetone. Mortality was evaluated after 72h. Qualitative tests assessed mortality in response to a diagnostic dose of 1xLD99 of the susceptibility reference lineage. RESULTS Susceptibility profile characterization of T. sordida populations revealed resistance ratios (RR50s) ranging from 0.42 to 3.94. The percentage mortality in response to the diagnostic dose varied from 70% to 100%. A comparison of the results obtained in the quantitative and qualitative assays demonstrated a lack of correspondence for some populations. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that only T. sordida populations that present a RR50>1.0 have altered susceptibility, and the execution of simultaneous field and laboratory tests is required to understand the actual effect of vector control. A possible cause of the observed resistance ratios might be the continuous use of pyrethroids in Brazil since the 1980s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grasielle Caldas Dávila Pessoa
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, BRAZIL
| | - Letícia Sena Dias
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, BRAZIL
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, BRAZIL
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Pessoa GCD, Pinheiro LC, Ferraz ML, de Mello BV, Diotaiuti L. Standardization of laboratory bioassays for the study of Triatoma sordida susceptibility to pyrethroid insecticides. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:109. [PMID: 25880745 PMCID: PMC4349461 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0726-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing reports of high-resistant Triatominae populations concerns scientists and sanitarians as little is known about the factors behind the occurrence of such phenotype and its real impact on vector control strategies. Moreover, the utilization of a large variety of methodologies hinder the comparison of the reported studies. METHODS This work aims to review laboratory bioassays, redefining the assessed biological features (age, generation and insecticide application area) and technical procedures (mortality recording time and the ideal diagnostic dose). RESULTS Results were not influenced by the insecticide application area in nymphs or by their generation. Three days-old specimen's revealed lower susceptibility to the tested insecticide. We determined that it is more appropriate to record mortality 72 h after treatment with insecticide, as well as using a diagnostic dose of 1xDL₉₉. CONCLUSION This work suggests more adequate methodological parameters for assessing insecticide resistance in triatomines, which also allows the comparison of results obtained by different research groups. For laboratory bioassays, we recommend: 1) the use of first instar nymphs from first or second generation; 2) 3 day-old specimens; 2) application of insecticide in the dorsal or ventral abdomen area; 3) mortality recording 72 h after treatment with pyrethroids and 4) a diagnostic dose of 1x LD₉₉.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grasielle Caldas D'Ávila Pessoa
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, Av Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 30190-002, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Cavalari Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, Av Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 30190-002, Brazil.
| | - Marcela Lencine Ferraz
- Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de Minas Gerais, Rodovia Prefeito Américo Gianetti, s/n., 0 - Serra Verde, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31.630-901, Brazil.
| | - Bernardino Vaz de Mello
- Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de Minas Gerais, Rodovia Prefeito Américo Gianetti, s/n., 0 - Serra Verde, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31.630-901, Brazil.
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, Av Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 30190-002, Brazil.
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Souza RDCMD, Brito RN, Barbosa AB, Diotaiuti L. Species of the subfamily Triatominae Jeannel, 1919 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) present in the Collection of Chagas Disease Vectors (FIOCRUZ-COLVEC), State of Minas Gerais. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2015; 47:728-38. [PMID: 25626652 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0218-2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biological collections are depositories of information on different species and contribute to the knowledge, protection, conservation and maintenance of biodiversity. METHODS A list of triatomine species currently included in the Collection of Chagas Disease Vectors (FIOCRUZ-COLVEC) was prepared from the database made available by the Reference Center on Environmental Information. RESULTS COLVEC curatorship houses 4,778 specimens of triatomines, of which 811 come from other American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, the United States of America, Guatemala, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela) and 3,967 are autochthonous from Brazil. Altogether, 56 species of Chagas disease vectors are represented in the COLVEC: two species of the Tribe Cavernicolini Usinger, 1944; fifteen species of the tribe Rhodniini Pinto, 1926, of which 12 are of the genus Rhodnius and 3 are of the genus Psamolestes; and 39 species of the tribe Triatomini Jeannel, 1919, represented by the genus Dipetalogaster, two species of the genus Eratyrus, two of the genus Meccus, seven of the genus Panstrongylus and 27 of the genus Triatoma. CONCLUSIONS This list provides important data on the diversity of triatomines currently included in COLVEC, including the expanded area of Panstrongylus lutzi occurrence in the municipalities Pirapora and Januária, State of Minas Gerais. The maintenance and expansion of the collection ensures the preservation of biodiversity and further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita de Cássia Moreira de Souza
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, BRAZIL
| | - Raissa Nogueira Brito
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, BRAZIL
| | - Anatiele Borges Barbosa
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, BRAZIL
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, BRAZIL
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Vianna EN, Andrade AJD, Dias FBS, Diotaiuti L. The exotic palm Roystonea oleracea(Jacq.) O.F. Cook as a rural biotype for Rhodnius neglectus Lent, 1954, in Caçu, State of Goiás. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2014; 47:642-5. [DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0221-2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Dias FBS, Jaramillo-O N, Diotaiuti L. Description and characterization of the melanic morphotype of Rhodnius nasutus Stål, 1859 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2014; 47:637-41. [DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0007-2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Santos AD, Letro RB, Lemos do Bem VA, Azeredo BVDM, Coelho GLLM, Diotaiuti L, Machado-de-Assis GF, de Lana M. Evaluation of the Chagas disease control program in Açucena Municipality, Rio Doce Valley, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2014; 47:186-92. [PMID: 24861292 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0263-2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Açucena Municipality, Rio Doce Valley, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil temporarily (2001-2005) interrupted epidemiological surveillance for Chagas disease. The objective of this work was to evaluate the Chagas Disease Control Program (CDCP) in Açucena and to offer suggestions for improving local epidemiological surveillance. METHODS This study was conducted in three phases: I) a serological investigation of schoolchildren aged 5 to 15 years using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test performed on blood collected on filter paper followed by ELISA, indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and indirect hemaglutination (IHA) on venous blood for borderline cases and those in the gray zone of reactivity; II) vector evaluation using the data obtained by local health agents during 2006-2010; and III) examination by ELISA, IIF and IHA of serum samples from the inhabitants of houses where infected Triatoma vitticeps was found and evaluation of their knowledge about Chagas disease. RESULTS Five individuals had inconclusive results in the ELISA screening but were seronegative for Chagas disease. The triatomine evaluation revealed the presence of three species: Triatoma vitticeps, Panstrongylus megistus and Panstrongylus diasi. Triatoma vitticeps was the most prevalent and widespread, with a higher (67%) index of Trypanosoma cruzi flagellates and evidence of colonization. Most of the inhabitants of the infested houses recognized triatomines and had basic knowledge about Chagas disease. CONCLUSIONS Although T. vitticeps is not clearly associated with Chagas disease transmission, these results highlight the importance of maintaining CDCP in endemic areas and the need for greater emphasis on epidemiological surveillance, especially in areas with important vectorial changes or that have been modified by human intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana dos Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Rejane Balmant Letro
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Bernardino Vaz de Melo Azeredo
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, BRAZIL
| | | | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, BRAZIL
| | | | - Marta de Lana
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
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Dias FBS, Quartier M, Diotaiuti L, Mejía G, Harry M, Lima ACL, Davidson R, Mertens F, Lucotte M, Romaña CA. Ecology of Rhodnius robustus Larrousse, 1927 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) in Attalea palm trees of the Tapajós River Region (Pará State, Brazilian Amazon). Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:154. [PMID: 24690302 PMCID: PMC3974420 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rising number of acute cases of Chagas disease in the State of Pará, reported in the past two decades, has been associated, in part, with the ingestion of juice of local palm tree fruits, mainly açaí berry and bacaba. Near the study area, in Santarém, Pará State, an outbreak of Chagas disease has been notified and investigations suggest the consumption of bacaba juice as the main source of infection with T. cruzi. The purpose of this study is to assess the aspects associated to the ecology of Rhodnius robustus in palm trees of three communities of the Tapajós region, in the State of Pará, Brazil. METHODS Palm trees were cut down and dissected to search for triatomines. DNA from triatomines was extracted to investigate natural infection by Trypanosoma cruzi and T. rangeli. For statistical analyzes, data from infestation of palm trees, as well as the rates of natural infection by T. cruzi and T. rangeli were compared by Chi-square test. Triatomine density values were analyzed by the nonparametric Kruskal Wallis test and then comparisons between each pair of variables were made by the Mann-Whitney test assuming a confidence interval of 95%. RESULTS We dissected 136 palm trees, 60 at the end of the rainy period and 76 at the end of the dry period. Seventy-three of them (53.7%) were infested with triatomines and three species were found, namely: Rhodnius robustus, Rhodnius pictipes and Panstrongylus lignarius. We collected 743 triatomines, and R. robustus was predominant (n = 739). The identification of natural infection of the insects by trypanosomatids revealed that 125 triatomines were infected by T. cruzi, 69 by T. rangeli and 14 presented both parasites, indicating the presence of mixed infection in the same vector. CONCLUSION The results suggest that São Tomé is the community with greater density of triatomines and infestation of palm trees; also, it demonstrates the existence of an intense sylvatic cycle in the region, which demands intensive surveillance to prevent human transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Braga Stehling Dias
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, Av Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP 30190-002, Brazil
- LEGS, Laboratoire Evolution Génome et Spéciation UPR 9034, DEEIT - Diversité, Ecologie et Evolution des Insectes Tropicaux, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, Bâtiment 13, Boîte Postale, 191198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marion Quartier
- LEGS, Laboratoire Evolution Génome et Spéciation UPR 9034, DEEIT - Diversité, Ecologie et Evolution des Insectes Tropicaux, CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, Bâtiment 13, Boîte Postale, 191198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Evolution des Parasites, Institut de Biologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Rue Emile Argand 11 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, Av Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP 30190-002, Brazil
| | - Guy Mejía
- Centro de Investigaciones Médicas - CIBM, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Carrera 59 No. 59-92, A.A. 50595, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Myriam Harry
- LEGS, UPR9034 CNRS-IRD-Paris Sud, Av de la Terasse, BP1, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette/Université Paris Sud, UFR de Sciences, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Anna Carolina Lustosa Lima
- Centro de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia, Rua Juramento, 1464, Unidade Antônio Mourão, 3º andar Saudade, Belo Horizonte, MG CEP 30.285-000, Brazil
| | - Robert Davidson
- GÉOTOP & Institut des Sciences de l’Environnement, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, succ. Centre-Ville, H3C 3P8 Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Biodôme de Montréal, Canada, 4777, Avenue Pierre-De Coubertin, Montréal H1V 1B3, Québec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Mertens
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro - L3 Norte / Gleba A, Bloco C, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Marc Lucotte
- Biodôme de Montréal, Canada, 4777, Avenue Pierre-De Coubertin, Montréal H1V 1B3, Québec, Canada
| | - Christine A Romaña
- Université Paris Descartes/PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité. 19 rue de Dantzig, Paris 75015, France
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Mota T, Vitta ACR, Lorenzo-Figueiras AN, Barezani CP, Zani CL, Lazzari CR, Diotaiuti L, Jeffares L, Bohman B, Lorenzo MG. A multi-species bait for Chagas disease vectors. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e2677. [PMID: 24587457 PMCID: PMC3937276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triatomine bugs are the insect vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. These insects are known to aggregate inside shelters during daylight hours and it has been demonstrated that within shelters, the aggregation is induced by volatiles emitted from bug feces. These signals promote inter-species aggregation among most species studied, but the chemical composition is unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings In the present work, feces from larvae of the three species were obtained and volatile compounds were identified by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS). We identified five compounds, all present in feces of all of the three species: Triatoma infestans, Panstrongylus megistus and Triatoma brasiliensis. These substances were tested for attractivity and ability to recruit insects into shelters. Behaviorally active doses of the five substances were obtained for all three triatomine species. The bugs were significantly attracted to shelters baited with blends of 160 ng or 1.6 µg of each substance. Conclusions/Significance Common compounds were found in the feces of vectors of Chagas disease that actively recruited insects into shelters, which suggests that this blend of compounds could be used for the development of baits for early detection of reinfestation with triatomine bugs. Chagas disease is a parasitic infection affecting approximately 12 million people, and is considered to be one of the most severe burdens for public health in Latin America. Control of the disease is based on attempted elimination of domestic populations of triatomine bugs, the insects transmitting the disease to humans, by means of insecticide spraying. Currently, vigilance programs monitoring triatomine reinfestation processes in houses are performed by manual search for bugs. Effective and sustainable new methods allowing continuous monitoring of domestic triatomine populations are required. Based on the fact that the insects hide in dark refuges that are marked by volatile signals emitted in their feces, we screened the feces of three species for volatile compounds common to these prominent vectors. The potential for these odors to promote triatomine aggregation was evaluated and we present evidence that a synthetic blend of these substances is capable of recruiting bugs into shelters, mimicking the natural pheromone. This blend may be used to develop a bait to monitor triatomine reinfestation processes in a similar manner as is used commonly for the monitoring of agricultural pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo Mota
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, CPqRR-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas-UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana C. R. Vitta
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, CPqRR-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alicia N. Lorenzo-Figueiras
- Laboratorio de Fisiología de Insectos, IBBEA-CONICET, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carla P. Barezani
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, CPqRR-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Carlos L. Zani
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, CPqRR-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Claudio R. Lazzari
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Liléia Diotaiuti
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, CPqRR-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lynne Jeffares
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, CPqRR-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Björn Bohman
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, CPqRR-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcelo G. Lorenzo
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, CPqRR-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Abad-Franch F, Diotaiuti L, Gurgel-Gonçalves R, Gürtler RE. On bugs and bias: improving Chagas disease control assessment. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2014; 109:125-130. [PMID: 24809110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
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Abad-Franch F, Diotaiuti L, Gurgel-Gonçalves R, Gürtler RE. Certifying the interruption of Chagas disease transmission by native vectors: cui bono? Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2014; 108:251-4. [PMID: 23579810 DOI: 10.1590/0074-0276108022013022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Certifying the absence of Chagas disease transmission by native vectors lacks scientific grounds and weakens long-term control-surveillance systems to the detriment of people living under risk conditions. Instead, a regular "certification of good practice" (including vector control-surveillance, case detection/patient care and blood safety) could help achieve sustained disease control.
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Garcia MHM, Pinto CT, Lorosa ES, Souza RDCMD, Diotaiuti L. Spraying food sources with pyrethroid to control peridomestic triatomines. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2013; 46:633-6. [PMID: 24270255 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-1614-2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We attempted to supplement traditional insecticide spraying by treating peridomiciliar food sources with a powder formulation. METHODS Two groups of houses were treated with deltamethrin suspension concentrate (SC), one of which had its primary peridomestic food sources treated with deltamethrin 2P. RESULTS Triatoma brasiliensis was the most commonly captured triatomine. Birds, dogs and rodents were the major food sources identified by the precipitin reaction; 554 domestic animals received powder treatment. A sharp reduction in infestation rates was observed in the two groups up to 360 days after spraying. CONCLUSION The combination SC + 2P did not improve the control of triatomines.
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Dias JVL, Avelar BAD, Cirqueira Júnior H, Diotaiuti L, Pires HHR. Capture of Triatoma arthurneivai (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) using a new luminous trap in Southeast Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2012; 44:774-6. [PMID: 22231253 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822011000600023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triatomine bug captures in the wild are laborious and time-consuming. Some traps may assist in this task. We report a new trap design and the capture of a specimen of a triatomine rarely found. METHODS Two luminous traps were installed in the city of Diamantina, State of Minas Gerais, and surveyed weekly for a year. RESULTS A Triatoma arthurneivai female and other triatomine bugs were caught. CONCLUSIONS A new trap design may be used in triatomine bugs field captures, mainly in low density areas. We assume the center of endemism of Triatoma arthurneivai is the Espinhaço Mountain range.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Victor Leite Dias
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
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Souza RDCMD, Soares AC, Alves CL, Lorosa ES, Pereira MH, Diotaiuti L. Feeding behavior of Triatoma vitticeps (Reduviidae: Triatominae) in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2011; 106:16-22. [PMID: 21340350 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762011000100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the feeding behavior of Triatoma vitticeps through the identification of its food sources and the characterization of the blood ingestion process. In addition, we aimed to verify if the saliva of this vector interferes with the perception of the host during the feedings by creating a nervous impulse. Here, we demonstrated that the T. vitticeps saliva reduces, gradually and irreversibly, the amplitude of the compound action potential of the nervous fibre, which helps decrease the perception of the insect by the host. The precipitin reaction demonstrated the feeding eclecticism of this vector, with the identification of eight food sources - most of them found simultaneously in the same insect. The analysis of the electrical signals produced by the cibarial pump during meals demonstrated that the best feeding performance of T. vitticeps nymphs that fed on pigeons is mainly due to the higher contraction frequency of the pump. The longer contact period with the host to obtain a complete meal compared with other triatominae species of the same instar could favor the occurrence of multiple blood sources in T. vitticeps under natural conditions, as it was evidenced by the precipitin test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita de Cássia Moreira de Souza
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto René Rachou, Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil, 30190-002
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Santos Júnior JED, Diotaiuti L, Dias JCP. First report of Panstrongylus megistus sylvatic focus in municipality of Bambuí, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2011; 106:510-3. [PMID: 21739044 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762011000400022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1943, the Center for the Study and Prophylaxis of Chagas Disease, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, state of Minas Gerais (MG), was created in the municipality of Bambuí to carry out studies related to Chagas disease in the mid-western region of MG. Since that time, several investigations have been conducted to determine the natural habitat of triatomines, but Panstrongylus megistus colonies have never been found in this region. This paper records the first finding of a P. megistus sylvatic colony in 69 years of research. The characteristics of this ecotope and its implications for the epidemiology of Chagas disease are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Eloy dos Santos Júnior
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto de Pesquisa René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
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Dias FBS, Paula ASD, Belisário CJ, Lorenzo MG, Bezerra CM, Harry M, Diotaiuti L. Influence of the palm tree species on the variability of Rhodnius nasutus Stål, 1859 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Infection, Genetics and Evolution 2011; 11:869-77. [PMID: 21335104 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Revised: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pires H, Barbosa S, Borges E, Silva J, Siqueira A, Diotaiuti L. Head morphometry and isoenzymatic profile of two Triatoma infestans Klůg, 1834 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) populations. Acta Trop 2011; 118:190-5. [PMID: 19653989 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2007] [Revised: 06/15/2009] [Accepted: 07/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The triatomine bug Triatoma infestans was probably originated in Bolivia and dispersed passively over large areas of South America, where it is the major vector of Trypanosoma cruzi. In its probable origin area this species shows two different patterns of behaviour, being found both in sylvatic and human related habitats. Such behaviour is not observed in other areas of its distribution, where it is exclusive to human related habitats. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate head morphometry characters and isoenzymes patterns of two T. infestans populations, one collected in Minas Gerais (Brazil) and other in the Cochabamba Valley (Bolivia), in order to elucidate the factors that could have an implication with the different colonization behaviour. The two populations presented differences in both morphometric (head size) and isoenzymes (specially PGM enzyme profile). The insects from the colonies reared for several years in laboratory conditions, showed reduction in head size starting from the third generation, maintaining this same size in all generations after, until 10 years after generation. The laboratory rearing conditions could be similar to human associated habitats, inducing certain level of genetic homogeneity. Our results showed increase of genetic homogeneity in Brazilian and laboratory-reared colonies from Bolivia, that may be due to a selection process due to passive dispersion, followed by several founder effects episodes and genetic drift.
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de la Fuente ALC, Jaramillo N, Barata JMS, Noireau F, Diotaiuti L. Misidentification of two Brazilian triatomes, Triatoma arthurneivai and Triatoma wygodzinskyi, revealed by geometric morphometrics. Med Vet Entomol 2011; 25:178-183. [PMID: 21039685 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2010.00912.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Triatoma arthurneivai Lent & Martins and Triatoma wygodzinskyi Lent (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) are two Brazilian species found in the sylvatic environment. Several authors may have misidentified T. arthurneivai and consequently published erroneous information. This work reports the use of geometric morphometric analysis on wings in order to differentiate T. arthurneivai and T. wygodzinskyi, and thus to detect possible misidentifications. Triatomines collected from the field in the states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo, and from laboratory colonies, were used. Analyses show a clear differentiation between specimens of T. arthurneivai and T. wygodzinskyi. This indicates that T. arthurneivai populations from São Paulo state were misidentified and should be considered as T. wygodzinskyi. This study also suggests that T. arthurneivai is an endemic species from Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais state.
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Guarneri AA, Araujo RN, Diotaiuti L, Gontijo NF, Pereira MH. Feeding performance of Triatoma brasiliensis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) on habitual hosts: Thrichomys laurentius (Rodentia: Echimyidae) and humans. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2011; 11:443-5. [PMID: 21395421 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2010.0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Triatoma brasiliensis is an important vector of Trypanosoma cruzi in the semiarid zones of Northeastern Brazil where it is commonly found in human dwellings, peridomiciliary areas, and the wild environments. To better understand features that may be influencing the interaction of T. brasiliensis with its hosts, in the present work we compared the feeding performance of sylvatic and domestic populations of T. brasiliensis on humans and on Thrichomys laurentius, a wild rodent found in the natural ecotopes of T. brasiliensis. The analyses were performed using the electronic monitoring of the cibarial pump. The blood sources considerably affected the feeding parameters. Insects fed on T. laurentius had lower ingestion rate, gained less weight, had longer interruption time, remained less time in contact with the host, and had the contractions of the pump in a lower frequency during the feeding process in comparison to insects fed on humans. These results indicate that humans are better blood sources for T. brasiliensis than T. laurentius. The fact that there was no difference between the feeding performance of sylvatic and domestic insects suggests that feeding is not a barrier for the domiciliation. Together, these findings suggest that shelter and faster blood meals are qualities of human dwellings that facilitate the domiciliation of T. brasiliensis.
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Sonoda IV, Dias LS, Bezerra CM, Dias JCP, Romanha AJ, Diotaiuti L. Susceptibility of Triatoma brasiliensis from state of Ceará, Northeastern Brazil, to the pyrethroid deltamethrin. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2010; 105:348-52. [PMID: 20512253 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762010000300019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
After controlling Triatoma infestans in Brazil, other species of triatomine that were considered minor in the transmission of Chagas disease became important. The persistence of Triatoma brasiliensis in Northeastern Brazil, associated with reinfection of domestic environments recently sprayed with pyrethroids, may be a signal of susceptibility alteration of this species to this insecticide. Specimens of T. brasiliensis from the municipality of Tauá, state of Ceará, were captured before and one year after spraying. They were submitted to bioassays using deltamethrin. The LD50 ranged from 0.19-0.33 ng of deltamethrin/nymph. The resistance ratio among samples from Tauá varied from 1.16-1.79 in the samples captured before the spraying and 1.00-1.74 in the samples captured one year after spraying, demonstrating that the two populations were equally susceptible to deltamethrin. The small difference in susceptibility between the two captures suggests that T. brasiliensis obtained in the second capture are from new invasions of the domestic environment and that the insecticide did not select resistant individuals. Therefore, it is suggested that T. brasiliensis control be carried out supplementing the regular use of pyrethroids with complementary measures, such as improvement of the dwellings and health education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Vieira Sonoda
- Instituto de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
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Dias FBS, Quartier M, Romaña CA, Diotaiuti L, Harry M. Tamandua tetradactyla Linnaeus, 1758 (Myrmecophagidae) and Rhodnius robustus Larrousse, 1927 (Triatominae) infection focus by Trypanosoma rangeli Tejera, 1920 (Trypanosomatidae) in Attalea phalerata Mart. ex Spreng (Arecaceae) palm tree in the Brazilian Amazon. Infect Genet Evol 2010; 10:1278-81. [PMID: 20619359 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2010.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A sylvatic infection focus of Trypanosoma rangeli, whose cycle involves the anteater Tamandua tetradactyla and triatomine insect Rhodnius robustus was observed in a pasture-dominated landscape of the rural riparian community of São Tomé located along the Tapajós river in the municipal district of Aveiro (State of Pará, Brazil), the Brazilian Amazon region. During a field work campaign with the objective of Chagas disease diagnosis in the Tapajós region, an anteater and 31 triatomines were found inhabiting in the same Attalea phalerata palm tree crown. Collected triatomines were identified as R. robustus with morphological and molecular procedures. The analysis of infection by T. rangeli using the repetitive ARN nucleolar Cl1 (sno-RNA-Cl1) gene showed that 25 triatomines of all stages were infected by T. rangeli (total infection rate of 80.6%). Infection by Trypanosoma cruzi using mini-exon markers was not identified. Examination of the digestive content of the triatomines demonstrated that the only feeding source found was the anteater. These results demonstrate that T. tetradactyla can be an important reservoir for T. rangeli and a good vehicle of the parasite within the Brazilian Amazon region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Braga Stehling Dias
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, Av Augusto de Lima, 1715 Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Assis GFMD, Azeredo BVDM, Gorla D, Diotaiuti L, Lana MD. Entomological surveillance of Chagas disease in Berilo municipality, Jequitinhonha Valley, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2010; 42:615-21. [PMID: 20209342 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822009000600001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2009] [Accepted: 11/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the Chagas Disease Control Program which has operated since 1982 in the municipality of Berilo in the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil, based on evaluation of 5,242 domiciliary units (DUs) and 7,807 outbuildings over an eight-year period of epidemiological surveillance implanted in 1997. A total of 391 triatomines (280 Panstrongylus megistus and 111 Triatoma pseudomaculata) were captured, indicating the continued predominance of the former species. However, Triatoma pseudomaculata is clearly becoming more important in this region, with intradomiciliary colonies being detected in recent years. Entomological parameters, such as dispersion (17%) and intradomiciliary infestation (0.15%) indices, are compatible with the results of the epidemiological surveillance. The majority of DUs were of construction type A (plaster over bricks) or C (plaster over adobe). Twenty-five percent of the inhabitants of the DUs infested by triatomines were reactive in ELISA, IHA and IIF tests for Trypanosoma cruzi antigens.
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Sonoda IV, Pessoa GCD, Cortez MR, Dias JCP, Romanha AJ, Diotaiuti L. Susceptibility of triatoma infestans to deltamethrin in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2010; 104:668-70. [PMID: 19722097 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762009000400025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2008] [Accepted: 04/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Strategies for controlling Chagas disease are based on spraying infested houses with pyrethroid insecticides. However, the intense use of these insecticides has promoted resistance of Triatoma infestans and, in Argentina, Bolivia and Southern Brazil, low levels of resistance have been reported. Due to the persistence of T. infestans in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), we evaluated the occurrence of deltamethrin resistance in four strains from different municipalities in comparison to two susceptible strains from Brazil and one resistant strain from Bolivia. The results indicated the absence of resistance in T. infestansfrom RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Vieira Sonoda
- Laboratório de Triatomíneos e Epidemiologia da Doença de Chagas, Instituto de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG 30190-002, Brasil.
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Araujo RN, Pereira MH, Soares AC, Pereira IDCA, Diotaiuti L, Gontijo NF, Lehane MJ, Guarneri AA. Effect of intestinal erythrocyte agglutination on the feeding performance of Triatoma brasiliensis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). J Insect Physiol 2009; 55:862-868. [PMID: 19524588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2009] [Revised: 05/28/2009] [Accepted: 06/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Triatoma brasiliensis is an important vector of Trypanosoma cruzi in Brazil. The feeding efficiency on its hosts depends on several parameters including the maintenance of the ingested blood at low viscosity, which could be modulated by the anterior midgut (crop) anticoagulant and haemagglutinant activities. In the present study, we characterized T. brasiliensis crop haemagglutination activity and evaluated its importance in the feeding process. Soluble crop contents (SCC) of T. brasiliensis were able to agglutinate rat, mouse and rabbit eryhtrocytes, but had no activity on cattle and Thrichomys apereoides, a rodent species commonly associated with T. brasiliensis in the wild. The haemagglutination was characterized by the immediate formation of several clusters of erythrocytes connected by flexible elastic-like fibers. The feeding efficiency of T. brasiliensis on rat (agglutinated by SCC) was almost double that from T. apereoides (not agglutinated by SCC). The influence of haemagglutination on feeding was confirmed by artificially feeding bugs on a diet composed of cattle or rat erythrocytes. The bugs fed on cattle erythrocytes had lower ingestion rates in comparison to those fed on rats. The results indicate that, in addition to other parameters, haemagglutination brought about by SCC has an important role in the feeding efficiency of T. brasiliensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo N Araujo
- Departamento de Parasitologia do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Caixa Postal 486, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Abad-Franch F, Monteiro FA, Jaramillo O. N, Gurgel-Gonçalves R, Dias FBS, Diotaiuti L. Ecology, evolution, and the long-term surveillance of vector-borne Chagas disease: A multi-scale appraisal of the tribe Rhodniini (Triatominae). Acta Trop 2009; 110:159-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2008] [Revised: 05/07/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo E Gürtler
- Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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