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Early-life residential green spaces and traffic exposure in association with young adult body composition: a longitudinal birth cohort study of twins. Environ Health 2023; 22:18. [PMID: 36800959 PMCID: PMC9936720 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-00964-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, the rapid increase of obesity is reaching alarming proportions. A new approach to reduce obesity and its comorbidities involves tackling the built environment. Environmental influences seem to play an important role, but the environmental influences in early life on adult body composition have not been thoroughly investigated. This study seeks to fill the research gap by examining early-life exposure to residential green spaces and traffic exposure in association with body composition among a population of young adult twins. METHODS As part of the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey (EFPTS) cohort, this study included 332 twins. Residential addresses of the mothers at time of birth of the twins were geocoded to determine residential green spaces and traffic exposure. To capture body composition, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist circumference, skinfold thickness, leptin levels, and fat percentage were measured at adult age. Linear mixed modelling analyses were conducted to investigate early-life environmental exposures in association with body composition, while accounting for potential confounders. In addition, moderator effects of zygosity/chorionicity, sex and socio-economic status were tested. RESULTS Each interquartile range (IQR) increase in distance to highway was found associated with an increase of 1.2% in WHR (95%CI 0.2-2.2%). For landcover of green spaces, each IQR increase was associated with 0.8% increase in WHR (95%CI 0.4-1.3%), 1.4% increase in waist circumference (95%CI 0.5-2.2%), and 2.3% increase in body fat (95%CI 0.2-4.4%). Stratified analyses by zygosity/chorionicity type indicated that in monozygotic monochorionic twins, each IQR increase in land cover of green spaces was associated with 1.3% increase in WHR (95%CI 0.5-2.1%). In monozygotic dichorionic twins, each IQR increase in land cover of green spaces was associated with 1.4% increase in waist-circumference (95%CI 0.6-2.2%). CONCLUSIONS The built environment in which mothers reside during pregnancy might play a role on body composition among young adult twins. Our study revealed that based on zygosity/chorionicity type differential effects of prenatal exposure to green spaces on body composition at adult age might exist.
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Neonatal hyperglycemia in a preterm infant managed with a subcutaneous insulin pump. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2020; 77:739-744. [PMID: 32280964 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxaa056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Successful use of a subcutaneous insulin pump to administer regular insulin to a preterm infant with neonatal hyperglycemia is described. SUMMARY A 520-g female infant born at 23 weeks' gestational age via caesarian section was noted to have elevated blood glucose concentrations ranging up to 180 mg/dL (in SI units, 10 mmol/L) on day of life (DOL) 3 and peaking on DOL 9 at 250 mg/dL (13.9 mmol/L) despite conservative glucose infusion rates. Continuous infusion of regular insulin was begun on DOL 8 and continued through DOL 44, with an average insulin infusion rate of 0.08 units/kg/h. The patient experienced blood glucose concentration lability due to multiple factors, resulting in the need for frequent and routine blood glucose concentration monitoring to minimize hypoglycemia events. On DOL 44, a subcutaneous insulin pump was placed and used to provide diluted regular insulin (25 units/mL). After 1 week, the patient's blood glucose concentration normalized, which led to a reduction in the frequency of glucose monitoring. After 3 weeks, insulin pump use was discontinued. The patient remained euglycemic thereafter. CONCLUSION The use of an insulin pump resulted in decreased blood glucose checks, discontinuation of central line access, and overall better patient care.
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Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in Spain.Method: This is a cross-sectional, population-based study of people aged 20 years or older in Spain. Randomly selected individuals were contacted by telephone and rheumatic disease screening was performed. If the first screening was positive, medical records were then reviewed and/or a telephone questionnaire was conducted by a rheumatologist, followed by an appointment if necessary. Cases had to fulfil the modified New York (mNY) criteria.Results: In total, 4916 individuals were included, of whom 355 had a positive screening result for AS. Of these, 11 were classified as AS. An additional individual who reported a prior diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis had a diagnosis of AS confirmed on review of the medical records. Estimated prevalence was 0.26% (95% CI 0.14-0.49).Conclusion: EPISER2016 is the first population-based study to estimate the prevalence of AS in Spain, which has been estimated as being similar to that in other European countries.
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Eficacia clínica de levofloxacina en el tratamiento de caninos con procesos infecciosos cutáneos y urinarios. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.30972/vet.3013892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
<p>La eficacia y tolerancia de levofloxacina (Floxaday®, Holliday-Scott) para el tratamiento de infecciones dérmicas y de vías urinarias, fue evaluada en caninos. Se incluyeron 26 casos clínicos que fueron tratados con 10 mg/kg vía oral cada 24 horas durante 14 y hasta 21 días. De los 14 casos de afecciones a nivel dérmico, 4 fueron severos y los restantes de severidad intermedia. De los 12 casos de infecciones a nivel urinario, 8 fueron procesos severos, 3 intermedios y uno bajo. La eficacia de los tratamientos fue evaluada aplicando una escala ad-hoc. El tratamiento fue exitoso en el 99% de los casos, observándose curación clínica al día 4 en el 6,25% y al día 7 en el 43,75%. En el día 14 la curación clínica fue registrada en el 99% de los pacientes; solamente uno de ellos requirió un tratamiento de 21 días para alcanzarla. En la población con infecciones urinarias todos los pacientes respondieron satisfactoriamente al tratamiento (curación clínica), el 42% lo hizo hacia el día 4 y el 83% al día 7. Al día 14, la curación clínica fue constatada en el 100% de los casos. No se observaron efectos secundarios en ninguno de los pacientes incluidos en el estudio. En caninos, levofloxacina administrada por vía oral a la dosis de 10 mg/kg una vez al día, demostró una excelente eficacia y nula aparición de efectos adversos.</p><p> </p>
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Referral of Patients to Dermatology and Teledermatology Consultations in Spain. DIADERM Study. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Selective fractionation and isolation of allelopathic compounds from Helianthus annuus L. leaves by means of high-pressure techniques. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Development of cotton fabric impregnated with antioxidant mango polyphenols by means of supercritical fluids. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Predicts Progression of Islet Autoimmunity and Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals at Risk. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1887-1894. [PMID: 30002199 PMCID: PMC6105323 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the ability of a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk score (GRS) to predict progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied the 1,244 TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study participants (T1D patients' relatives without diabetes and with one or more positive autoantibodies) who were genotyped with Illumina ImmunoChip (median [range] age at initial autoantibody determination 11.1 years [1.2-51.8], 48% male, 80.5% non-Hispanic white, median follow-up 5.4 years). Of 291 participants with a single positive autoantibody at screening, 157 converted to multiple autoantibody positivity and 55 developed diabetes. Of 953 participants with multiple positive autoantibodies at screening, 419 developed diabetes. We calculated the T1D GRS from 30 T1D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. We used multivariable Cox regression models, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve (AUC) measures to evaluate prognostic utility of T1D GRS, age, sex, Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) Risk Score, positive autoantibody number or type, HLA DR3/DR4-DQ8 status, and race/ethnicity. We used recursive partitioning analyses to identify cut points in continuous variables. RESULTS Higher T1D GRS significantly increased the rate of progression to T1D adjusting for DPT-1 Risk Score, age, number of positive autoantibodies, sex, and ethnicity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.29 for a 0.05 increase, 95% CI 1.06-1.6; P = 0.011). Progression to T1D was best predicted by a combined model with GRS, number of positive autoantibodies, DPT-1 Risk Score, and age (7-year time-integrated AUC = 0.79, 5-year AUC = 0.73). Higher GRS was significantly associated with increased progression rate from single to multiple positive autoantibodies after adjusting for age, autoantibody type, ethnicity, and sex (HR 2.27 for GRS >0.295, 95% CI 1.47-3.51; P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS The T1D GRS independently predicts progression to T1D and improves prediction along T1D stages in autoantibody-positive relatives.
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Supercritical impregnation of antioxidant mango polyphenols into a multilayer PET/PP food-grade film. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Microbial characteristics in homes of asthmatic and non-asthmatic adults in the ECRHS cohort. INDOOR AIR 2018; 28:16-27. [PMID: 28960492 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial exposures in homes of asthmatic adults have been rarely investigated; specificities and implications for respiratory health are not well understood. The objectives of this study were to investigate associations of microbial levels with asthma status, asthma symptoms, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), and atopy. Mattress dust samples of 199 asthmatics and 198 control subjects from 7 European countries participating in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey II study were analyzed for fungal and bacterial cell wall components and individual taxa. We observed trends for protective associations of higher levels of mostly bacterial markers. Increased levels of muramic acid, a cell wall component predominant in Gram-positive bacteria, tended to be inversely associated with asthma (OR's for different quartiles: II 0.71 [0.39-1.30], III 0.44 [0.23-0.82], and IV 0.60 [0.31-1.18] P for trend .07) and with asthma score (P for trend .06) and with atopy (P for trend .02). These associations were more pronounced in northern Europe. This study among adults across Europe supports a potential protective effect of Gram-positive bacteria in mattress dust and points out that this may be more pronounced in areas where microbial exposure levels are generally lower.
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Impregnation of mango leaf extract into a polyester textile using supercritical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2017.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
The first newborn screening programs to detect congenital errors of the metabolism and other endocrinal diseases started in the late 1950s and, one decade later, were introduced in Spain. Since then they have evolved considerably, but in a very heteroge-neous way, at both the international level and the regional level. The continuous scientific and technological advances, basically since the year 2000, have accentuated these inequalities, making this question into an inexhaustible subject of review, debate and argument up until the present. This review aims to gather, in summarized fashion, the origins of the newborn screening programs and their beginnings in Spain as a first step in analyzing their development, evolution and current situation. This year updating is expected to take place in all the Spanish autonomous regions following publication in November 2014 of a state order that regulates and attempts to homogenize these programs.
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School attendance and daily respiratory symptoms in children: influence of moisture damage. INDOOR AIR 2017; 27:303-310. [PMID: 27224645 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of weekends and school holidays on the daily frequency and severity of respiratory and other symptoms among children attending schools with (index) or without (reference) moisture damage in Spain, the Netherlands, and Finland. Throughout 1 year, parents of 419 children with a respiratory condition attending index (n=15) or reference (n=10) primary schools completed three symptom diaries. We assessed associations between lower respiratory tract, upper respiratory tract or allergy, and other symptom scores and school day, weekend, or summer holiday using mixed regression models stratified by country and moisture damage. We evaluated interactions between moisture damage and type of day. We combined country-specific estimates (incidence rate ratios [IRRs] and 95% confidence interval [CI]) in meta-analyses. Symptom scores were lower during weekends and holiday. Lower respiratory tract symptoms were statistically significantly less common during holiday with strongest effect in index schools (IRR=0.7; CI=0.6-0.8). Reporting of other symptoms was more reduced during holiday in index (IRR=0.6; CI=0.4-0.9) than in reference (IRR=0.95; CI=0.8-1.2) schools (interaction P<.01). In conclusion, symptoms were less frequent and/or severe during summer holiday and weekends. This pattern was stronger among children attending moisture-damaged schools, suggesting potential improvement in moisture damage-related symptoms during school breaks.
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Selective antitumoural action of pressurized mango leaf extracts against minimally and highly invasive breast cancer. Food Funct 2017; 8:3610-3620. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00877e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mango leaves, traditionally used to reduce inflammation, have been proved to possess antitumoral action against different types of breast cancer (hormone receptor-positive or negative).
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Differential expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in canine early placenta. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 52:35-43. [PMID: 27859764 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The zonary and endotheliochorial dog placenta is the most invasive placenta of carnivores. The importance of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) in placenta invasiveness has been determined in several mammals including species with haemochorial, epitheliochorial and endotheliochorial placentation. Regarding the latter, the expression of MMP enzymes has been studied in the cat and the mature canine placenta. The aim of this study was to analyse the expression and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the early dog placenta. Placentae from 18 to 30 days of pregnancy were collected from four bitches. Two placentae from each bitch were analysed. Placental tissue from one uterine horn was fixed in formaldehyde for immunohistochemistry, while marginal haematoma, labyrinth, non-implantative and implantative endometrium from the contralateral horn were immediately frozen in dry ice for the analysis of MMP expression (Western blot [WB]) and activity (zymography). MMP-2 and MMP-9 were evidenced in the labyrinth, maternal glands and marginal haematoma; this finding was directly correlated with levels of MMP expression by WB, and with the activity of MMP-2, mainly in the haematoma (the area of major remodelling of tissues). Thus, although MMP-9 is well expressed in the early canine placenta, it is not active. Given the important role of MMPs for invasiveness, maternal-foetal angiogenesis and the establishment of a correct foetal nutrition, the results are consistent with the findings in other species in which the MMP-2 activation precedes the MMP-9 one in early placentation.
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Lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to STAR mutations in a Caucasian patient. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2016; 2016:150119. [PMID: 27047663 PMCID: PMC4815279 DOI: 10.1530/edm-15-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia (lipoid CAH), the most severe form of CAH, is most commonly caused by mutations in steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR), which is required for the movement of cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membranes to synthesize pregnenolone. This study was performed to evaluate whether the salt-losing crisis and the adrenal inactivity experienced by a Scandinavian infant is due to a de novo STAR mutation. The study was conducted at the University of North Dakota, the Mercer University School of Medicine and the Memorial University Medical Center to identify the cause of this disease. The patient was admitted to a pediatric endocrinologist at the Sanford Health Center for salt-losing crisis and possible adrenal failure. Lipoid CAH is an autosomal recessive disease, we identified two de novo heterozygous mutations (STAR c.444C>A (STAR p.N148K) and STAR c.557C>T (STAR p.R193X)) in the STAR gene, causing lipoid CAH. New onset lipoid CAH can occur through de novo mutations and is not restricted to any specific region of the world. This Scandinavian family was of Norwegian descent and had lipoid CAH due to a mutation in STAR exons 4 and 5. Overexpression of the STAR p.N148K mutant in nonsteroidogenic COS-1 cells supplemented with an electron transport system showed activity similar to the background level, which was ∼10% of that observed with wild-type (WT) STAR. Protein-folding analysis showed that the finger printing of the STAR p.N148K mutant is also different from the WT protein. Inherited STAR mutations may be more prevalent in some geographical areas but not necessarily restricted to those regions.
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Reply: To PMID 25858551. Allergy 2015; 70:1190-1191. [PMID: 26535423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Early prophylaxis in children with severe haemophilia A: clinical and ultrasound imaging outcomes. Haemophilia 2015; 22:218-224. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.12792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Early-life house dust mite allergens, childhood mite sensitization, and respiratory outcomes. Allergy 2015; 70:1190-91. [DOI: 10.1111/all.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Early-life house dust mite allergens, childhood mite sensitization, and respiratory outcomes. Allergy 2015; 70:820-7. [PMID: 25858551 DOI: 10.1111/all.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to indoor allergens during early life may play a role in the development of the immune system and inception of asthma. OBJECTIVE To describe the house dust mite (HDM) allergen concentrations in bedroom dust during early life and to evaluate its associations with HDM sensitization, wheezing, and asthma, from birth to school age, in 5 geographically spread European birth cohorts. METHODS We included 4334 children from INMA-Menorca (Spain), BAMSE (Sweden), LISAplus and MAS (Germany), and PIAMA-NHS (the Netherlands). Dust samples were collected from bedrooms during early life and analyzed for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p1) and Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f1). HDM concentrations were divided into four categories. Sensitization was determined by specific IgE. Wheezing and asthma information up to 8/10 years was collected through questionnaires. We performed mixed-effects logistic regression models and expressed associations as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS House dust mite concentrations varied across cohorts. Mean allergen concentrations were highest in INMA-Menorca (geometric mean (GM) Der p1 = 3.3 μg/g) and LISAplus (GM Der f1 = 2.1 μg/g) and lowest in BAMSE (GM Der p1 = 0.1 μg/g, Der f1 = 0.3 μg/g). Moderate and high HDM concentrations were significantly (P-values < 0.05) associated with 50-90% higher prevalence of HDM sensitization. No significant associations were observed with respiratory outcomes. CONCLUSION Our study based on geographically spread regions, a large sample size, and a wide range of allergen concentration shows that HDM allergen concentrations vary across regions and that exposure during early life plays a role in the development of allergic sensitization but not in the development of respiratory outcomes.
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Natural antioxidant fine particles recovery from Eucalyptus globulus leaves using supercritical carbon dioxide assisted processes. J Supercrit Fluids 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Expression and activity of matrix metalloprotease-2 in canine early placenta. Placenta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.01.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Allelopathic properties of the fractions obtained from sunflower leaves using supercritical carbon dioxide: The effect of co-solvent addition. J Supercrit Fluids 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Endotoxin, extracellular polysaccharides, and β(1-3)-glucan concentrations in dust and their determinants in four European birth cohorts: results from the HITEA project. INDOOR AIR 2013; 23:208-18. [PMID: 23176390 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Early-life exposure to microbial agents may play a protective role in asthma and allergies development. Geographical differences in the prevalence of these diseases exist, but the differences in early-life indoor microbial agent levels and their determinants have been hardly studied. We aimed to describe the early-life levels of endotoxin, extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), and β(1-3)-glucans in living room dust of four geographically spread European birth cohorts (LISA in Germany, PIAMA in the Netherlands, INMA in Spain, and LUKAS2 in Finland) and to assess their determinants. A total of 1572 dust samples from living rooms of participants were analyzed for endotoxin, Penicillium/Aspergillus EPS, and β(1-3)-glucans. Information on potential determinants was obtained through questionnaires. Concentrations of endotoxin, EPS, and β(1-3)-glucans were different across cohorts. Concentrations of endotoxin and EPS were respectively lower and higher in INMA than in other cohorts, while glucans were higher in LUKAS2. Season of sampling, dog ownership, dampness, and the number of people living at home were significantly associated with concentrations of at least one microbial agent, with heterogeneity of effect estimates of the determinants across cohorts. In conclusion, both early-life microbial exposure levels and exposure determinants differ across cohorts derived from diverse European countries. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS This study adds evidence of variability in the levels of indoor endotoxin, extracellular polysaccharide, and β(1-3)-glucans across four geographically spread European regions. Furthermore, we observed heterogeneity across regions in the effect of exposure determinants. We hypothesize that the variations observed in our study may play a role in the differences in asthma and allergies prevalences across countries.
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Occurrence of moisture problems in schools in three countries from different climatic regions of Europe based on questionnaires and building inspections - the HITEA study. INDOOR AIR 2012; 22:457-66. [PMID: 22404345 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2012.00780.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to assess occurrence of dampness and mold in school buildings in three European countries (the Netherlands, Spain, and Finland), representing different climatic regions. An assessment was performed utilizing both questionnaires and on-site building investigations, and the agreement between these two methods was evaluated for validation purposes. On the basis of questionnaire data from a representative sample of schools, different types of moisture problems were reported in 24-47% of all school buildings at the time of the study. Most commonly reported was dampness in the Netherlands, moisture/water damage in Spain, and mold odor in Finland. Subsequently, 20-24 schools per country were selected for on-site inspections by trained staff. The overall agreement between the questionnaire and inspection data was good (kappa-value 0.62), however, with large differences (0.39-0.91) between countries. Extrapolating from the inspection data, the minimum estimates for prevalence of moisture problems in school buildings are 20% in the Netherlands, 41% in Spain, and 24% in Finland. In conclusion, moisture problems (such as moisture damage, dampness, and mold) are relatively common in schools. The occurrence and severity may vary across geographical areas, which can be partly explained by building characteristics. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS On the basis of this study, the prevalence of verified moisture problems in school buildings was highest in Spain, but lower and similar in Finland and the Netherlands. Questionnaire-based surveys can be used to assess moisture problems in school buildings, but because of large variation in agreement with inspection data, the questionnaire needs to be validated by on-site inspections in a subsample of the surveyed buildings.
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Association of gas cooking with children's respiratory health: results from GINIplus and LISAplus birth cohort studies. INDOOR AIR 2012; 22:476-482. [PMID: 22512640 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2012.00784.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Previous studies have found inconsistent results on the association between asthma in children and gas cooking emissions. We aimed to assess the effects of the long-term exposure to gas cooking on the onset of asthma and respiratory symptoms, focusing on wheezing, in children from two German birth cohorts: LISAplus and GINIplus. A total of 5078 children were followed until the age of 10 years. Asthma, wheezing, gas cooking, and exposure to other indoor factors were assessed through parental reported questionnaires administered periodically. Logistic and multinomial regressions adjusting for potential confounders were performed. The prevalence of asthma and persistent wheezing was higher among children exposed to gas cooking but the results were not statistically significant. Exposure to gas cooking was positively associated (P-value < 0.05) with exposure to other indoor factors (dampness, environmental tobacco smoke, and pets). Our results did not show a statistically significant association between the exposure to gas cooking and children's respiratory health. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS These analyses are consistent with the assumption of no effect of the exposure to low doses of nitrogen dioxide. The strong positive associations found between gas cooking and other indoor factors highlight the importance of considering other indoor factors when assessing health effects of gas cooking. Low-dose exposure to indoor nitrogen dioxide through gas cooking might not contribute to increase the risk of asthma and respiratory symptoms in children.
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Polymorphisms of catechol estrogens metabolism pathway genes and breast cancer risk in Mexican women. Breast 2012; 22:335-43. [PMID: 23000097 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is associated to estrogen exposure. Allelic variants involved in estrogen metabolism might change the risk of developing this neoplasia. We examined the potential association of breast cancer risk in Mexican women with the polymorphisms CYP1A1 rs1048943, CYP1B1 rs1056836, COMT rs4680, GSTP1 rs1695, GSTT1 null and GSTM1 null which are involved in estrogen metabolism pathway. This study included 150 cases and 150 controls. A significant association was observed between, CYP1A1 rs1048943 (OR = 1.95, C.I. 1.13-3.36) and GSTP1 rs1695 (OR = 2.39, C.I. 1.24-4.24) polymorphisms with the risk of breast cancer. This risk was increased when the women were stratified according to their menopausal status. The results show that breast cancer risk significantly increases in women with 3-6 risk polymorphisms (OR = 3.75, C.I. 1.44-9.74).
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29
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Potential allelopathic of the fractions obtained from sunflower leaves using supercritical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2011.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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One-year observation of leflunomide effectiveness and saftey in juvenile idiopathic arthritis : a clinical practice review (preliminary data). Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2011. [PMCID: PMC3194531 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-9-s1-p176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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31
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32
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Structure and composition of aerosol particles obtained on evaporation of a homogeneous FeCu(50.4 at %) alloy. DOKLADY PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s0012501609120021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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33
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Spanish Multicenter Normative Studies (NEURONORMA Project): Norms for Boston Naming Test and Token Test. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2009; 24:343-54. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acp039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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34
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Novel microsatellites from the European plaice (Pleuronectes platessa)––identification by data mining and cross-species amplification in other flatfishes. CONSERV GENET 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-008-9796-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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35
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A study comparing two protocols of treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Br J Ophthalmol 2008; 92:1636-41. [DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2008.141721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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36
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Supercritical fluid extraction of bioactive compounds from sunflower leaves with carbon dioxide and water on a pilot plant scale. J Supercrit Fluids 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2007.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Association of the estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphisms with osteoporosis in the Mexican population. Clin Genet 2007; 72:574-81. [PMID: 17953702 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2007.00898.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The estrogen receptor gene (ER alpha) has been implicated in the development of osteoporosis. In this study, the association of two ER alpha gene polymorphic markers (a TA dinucleotide repeat and a single nucleotide polymorphism, G2014A) with osteoporosis was tested in 70 osteoporotic women, 70 non-osteoporotic women and 500 subjects from the Mexican population. According to the genetic analysis of the Mexican population using eight unlinked polymorphic markers, we found that our population is structured into three subpopulations; therefore, the allele-phenotype relationship was analyzed with a statistical method that considered population stratification. We found that the G2014A polymorphism is associated with the presence of osteoporosis while the TA dinucleotide repeat is not. The G allele and the GG genotype frequencies of the G2014A marker were significantly higher in osteoporotic than in non-osteoporotic women. Likewise, subjects bearing the G allele in heterozygous or homozygous displayed lower values for lumbar bone mineral density and T score than those who did not present any G allele. The effect of confounders for osteoporosis on the association of G allele-osteoporosis was ruled out. In summary, we conclude that the G2014 polymorphism may become a useful marker for genetic studies of osteoporosis in the Mexican population.
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Effect of the addition of cosolvent on the supercritical fluid extraction of bioactive compounds from Helianthus annuus L. J Supercrit Fluids 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2006.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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39
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Cystic fibrosis related diabetes in an extremely young patient. J Cyst Fibros 2006; 6:247-9. [PMID: 17092782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2006.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2006] [Accepted: 08/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is common but typically does not occur before the age of 10 years. We describe a male with cystic fibrosis who developed diabetes, consistent with cystic fibrosis related diabetes, at the age of 2 years and treated successfully with insulin.
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Abstract
Calcitonin (CT) plays a role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and genetic variations in or adjacent to the CT gene may be associated with loss of bone mineral density (BMD). The correlation between a dinucleotide (cytosine-adenine) repeat polymorphism at the CT locus and BMD was examined in 70 osteoporotic women, 70 non-osteoporotic women and 500 subjects from the Mexican population. The allele A and genotype AA frequencies were significantly higher in osteoporotic women than in non-osteoporotic women (60% vs 32%; p < 0.0001 and 41% vs 14%; p = 0.0007, respectively). Genotype AA was associated with the presence of osteoporosis [odds ratio 2.58; 95% confidence interval (CI); 1.62-4.12]. Likewise, the loss of lumbar BMD and T scores were related to the presence of allele A: subjects with a single A allele displayed lower values for lumbar BMD and T score (84.02% and -1.51, respectively) than those who do not present any A allele (89.61% and -0.88, respectively). Individuals with two alleles A showed the lowest lumbar BMD and T-score values (73.77% and -2.51, respectively). Analysis of potential confounder demonstrated that aging has a significant effect on osteoporosis development (odds ratio 1.1; 95% CI; 1.1052-1.152).
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Prolongation of growth by treatment of 11-hydroxylase deficiency with depot-leuprolide, growth hormone, and hydrocortisone. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2006; 19:1251-5. [PMID: 17172087 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2006.19.10.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A 4-10/12 year-old boy presented with tall stature and advanced secondary sexual characteristics. His bone age was 13 years giving him a height prediction of 147 cm. An initial 11-deoxycortisol level of 13,770 ng/dl and associated hypertension suggested the diagnosis of 11-hydroxylase deficiency, which was confirmed by dexamethasone suppression and genotyping. Treatment strategy was based on the premise that known hypothalamic priming resulting in early pubertal development could be averted by delaying puberty with leuprolide; also that effects of hydrocortisone and leuprolide on attenuating growth could be counteracted by growth hormone. The combined treatment resulted in a final height at age 12 years which was 25.4 cm greater than predicted, and bone density above average. We conclude that delaying puberty until an appropriate age, offsetting growth suppression, and improving bone mineralization can be effectively achieved using glucocorticoids, leuprolide and growth hormone in patients with 11-hydroxylase deficiency.
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Asian-american variants of human papillomavirus type 16 have extensive mutations in the E2 gene and are highly amplified in cervical carcinomas. Int J Cancer 1999; 83:449-55. [PMID: 10508478 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19991112)83:4<449::aid-ijc3>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Human-papillomavirus (HPV)-E2 protein is involved in gene-expression regulation and replication of HPV genome. Disruption of the E2 gene during viral integration has been proposed as a mechanism of tumoral progression, since the expression of E6/E7 viral oncogenes is allowed. However, retention of E1/E2 genes and high viral amplification are frequently found in HPV16-positive carcinomas of some populations. In this study, we investigated whether retention of E1/E2 and viral amplification are associated with particular HPV16 E2 variants in cervical carcinomas. HPV16 detection, E1/E2 integrity and viral amplification were explored by Southern blot in 123 cervical carcinomas. HPV16 variants were identified by Southern blot and by sequencing E6, L1/MY and E2 regions. Of 46 HPV16-positive tumors, 34 were positive for E1/E2 and 14 of them showed a variant restriction pattern by mutations in E2. All 14 were Asian-American (AA) variants and, of 11 sub-classified, 6 were AA-a and 5 AA-c. Two E1/E2-negative tumors also contained the AA-c variant, while the remaining HPV16-positive tumors contained only European variants. The E2 gene of AA variants showed 24 mutations, 19 identical in both sub-classes. The 24 mutations were distributed throughout the entire gene and 19 result in 18 amino-acid changes. The AA variants were associated with E1/E2-positive carcinomas with more than 50 viral copies/cell (p = 0.035). The association of Asian-American E2 variants with retention of E1/E2 suggests that E2 variation may be an alternative mechanism de-regulating the expression of viral oncogenes.
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Current trends in breast reduction. Plast Reconstr Surg 1999; 104:806-15; quiz 816; discussion 817-8. [PMID: 10456536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Current trends in the development of breast reduction surgery include a few minor refinements in classic inverted-T scar methods but, more, the increased use of vertical-scar reduction mammaplasty. The benefits of the latter, which include reduced scar burden and improved long-term projection, are attractive, although the technique itself has proved to be somewhat intuitive and more difficult to master. These shortcomings can be minimized and the technique safely learned by initially applying it to patients with minor degrees of macromastia and ptosis. New modifications and alternative approaches have been introduced recently to address the problematic areas of the vertical-scar technique. A survey of members of the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons was undertaken at the 1998 annual meeting to review the current role of various techniques in breast reduction. The results revealed a slow acceptance of vertical-scar methods and the dominance of the inferior/central pedicle inverted-T scar method for a wide variety of macromastia types. Other issues were reviewed; they revealed the minimal role of both blood transfusion and liposuction and that more than half of breast reductions are still performed on an inpatient basis.
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[Molecular epidemiology of high-incidence cancers in Mexico]. GAC MED MEX 1998; 133 Suppl 1:35-41. [PMID: 9580106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- DNA Probes, HPV
- DNA, Viral/analysis
- Female
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/analysis
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Genes, abl
- Homeodomain Proteins/analysis
- Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
- Humans
- Incidence
- Leukemia/epidemiology
- Leukemia/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/epidemiology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Male
- Mexico/epidemiology
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Proteins/analysis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/analysis
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Papillomaviridae/genetics
- Papillomaviridae/isolation & purification
- Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology
- Papillomavirus Infections/virology
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/epidemiology
- Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/epidemiology
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic
- Tumor Virus Infections/epidemiology
- Tumor Virus Infections/virology
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/virology
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Abstract
We report a new case of pleomorphic fibroma of the skin arising on the face. The lesion was polypoid and fibrous, located on the dermis, and formed by coarse collagen bundles with sparse cells. It was also characterized by the presence of cellular atypia and pleomorphism without mitosis. Immunohistochemistry showed staining for vimentin and actin and negativity for S-100, CD34, CD68, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin and alpha-1-antitrypsin antigens, supporting a myofibroblastic origin. A few isolated cells also showed granular cytoplasmic detection of factor XIIIa. Although the disorder has been previously considered to be a tumour of preferential localization on the trunk or extremities, this does not always hold true as four of the 14 reported cases arose on the head. Pleomorphic fibroma is a benign condition and is we believe a variant of sclerotic fibroma.
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Association between human papillomavirus type 18 variants and histopathology of cervical cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1997; 89:1227-31. [PMID: 9274919 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/89.16.1227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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