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Deng Y, Li Q, Svoboda KKH, Opperman LA, Ruest LB, Liu X. Gli1 + Periodontal Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Periodontitis. J Dent Res 2024; 103:279-288. [PMID: 38284236 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231220915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in maintaining periodontium homeostasis and in tissue repair. However, little is known about how periodontal MSCs in vivo respond under periodontal disease conditions, posing a challenge for periodontium tissue regeneration. In this study, Gli1 was used as a periodontal MSC marker and combined with a Gli1-cre ERT2 mouse model for lineage tracing to investigate periodontal MSC fate in an induced periodontitis model. Our findings show significant changes in the number and contribution of Gli1+ MSCs within the inflamed periodontium. The number of Gli1+ MSCs that contributed to periodontal ligament homeostasis decreased in the periodontitis-induced teeth. While the proliferation of Gli1+ MSCs had no significant difference between the periodontitis and the control groups, more Gli1+ MSCs underwent apoptosis in diseased teeth. In addition, the number of Gli1+ MSCs for osteogenic differentiation decreased during the progression of periodontitis. Following tooth extraction, the contribution of Gli1+ MSCs to the tooth socket repair was significantly reduced in the periodontitis-induced teeth. Collectively, these findings indicate that the function of Gli1+ MSCs in periodontitis was compromised, including reduced contribution to periodontium homeostasis and impaired injury response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Deng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Q Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - K K H Svoboda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - L A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - L B Ruest
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - X Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
- Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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DiNardo AR, Arditi M, Kamat AM, Koster KJ, Carrero S, Nishiguchi T, Lebedev M, Benjamin AB, Avalos P, Lozano M, Moule MG, McCune B, Herron B, Ladki M, Sheikh D, Spears M, Herrejon IA, Dodge C, Kumar S, Hutchison RW, Ofili TU, Opperman LA, Bernard JA, Lerner SP, Udeani G, Neal G, Netea MG, Cirillo JD. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination as defense against SARS-CoV-2 (BADAS): a randomized controlled trial to protect healthcare workers in the USA by enhanced trained immune responses. Trials 2023; 24:636. [PMID: 37794431 PMCID: PMC10548680 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07662-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large epidemic, such as that observed with SARS-CoV-2, seriously challenges available hospital capacity, and this would be augmented by infection of healthcare workers (HCW). Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a vaccine against tuberculosis, with protective non-specific effects against other respiratory tract infections in vitro and in vivo. Preliminary analyses suggest that regions of the world with existing BCG vaccination programs have lower incidence and mortality from COVID-19. We hypothesize that BCG vaccination can reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease severity. METHODS This will be a placebo-controlled adaptive multi-center randomized controlled trial. A total of 1800 individuals considered to be at high risk, including those with comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, obesity, reactive airway disease, smokers), racial and ethnic minorities, elderly, teachers, police, restaurant wait-staff, delivery personnel, health care workers who are defined as personnel working in a healthcare setting, at a hospital, medical center or clinic (veterinary, dental, ophthalmology), and first responders (paramedics, firefighters, or law enforcement), will be randomly assigned to two treatment groups. The treatment groups will receive intradermal administration of BCG vaccine or placebo (saline) with groups at a 1:1 ratio. Individuals will be tracked for evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity as well as obtaining whole blood to track immunological markers, and a sub-study will include cognitive function and brain imaging. The majority of individuals will be followed for 6 months, with an option to extend for another 6 months, and the cognitive sub-study duration is 2 years. We will plot Kaplan-Meier curves that will be plotted comparing groups and hazard ratios and p-values reported using Cox proportional hazard models. DISCUSSION It is expected this trial will allow evaluation of the effects of BCG vaccination at a population level in high-risk healthcare individuals through a mitigated clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection and inform policy making during the ongoing epidemic. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04348370. Registered on April 16, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R DiNardo
- Global and Immigrant Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Moshe Arditi
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Ashish M Kamat
- Department of Urology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kent J Koster
- Center for Airborne Pathogen Research and Imaging, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Santiago Carrero
- Global and Immigrant Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Tomoki Nishiguchi
- Global and Immigrant Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Maxim Lebedev
- Center for Airborne Pathogen Research and Imaging, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Aaron B Benjamin
- Center for Airborne Pathogen Research and Imaging, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Pablo Avalos
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Regenerative Medicine Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Marisa Lozano
- Department of Urology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Madeleine G Moule
- Institute of Immunology & Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | - Malik Ladki
- Global and Immigrant Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Daanish Sheikh
- Global and Immigrant Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Matthew Spears
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX, 77304, USA
| | - Ivan A Herrejon
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Courtney Dodge
- Texas A&M School of Medicine, Round Rock, TX, 78665, USA
| | - Sathish Kumar
- Center for Airborne Pathogen Research and Imaging, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Robert W Hutchison
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Texas A&M School of Pharmacy, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Theresa U Ofili
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Texas A&M School of Pharmacy, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M School of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Jessica A Bernard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Seth P Lerner
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - George Udeani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Texas A&M School of Pharmacy, Kingsville, TX, 78363, USA
| | - Gabriel Neal
- Primary Care and Rural Medicine, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey D Cirillo
- Center for Airborne Pathogen Research and Imaging, Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA.
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Tapias Perdigon H, Schneiderman E, Opperman LA. Oral health assessment of independent elders in Texas. Spec Care Dentist 2019; 39:515-523. [PMID: 31343089 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oral health status of older adults in North Texas is largely unknown. METHODS This cross-sectional, pilot study used the Basic Screening Survey for older adults involving a self-administered questionnaire and oral screening examination of 155 adults aged 65 years and older, in four Dallas, TX settings, stratified socioeconomically. Recruitment occurred from July 2012 through March 2014. RESULTS Participants were between 65 and 90 years of age. The sample was predominantly female (64%), reflecting Texas population diversity with 49.7% White, 34.2% Hispanic, 14.2% Black, and 1.8% others. Missing teeth number (P < .019), functional contacts, untreated decay, root decay (P < .05), tooth mobility, root fragments and need for emergency treatment (P < .021) differed significantly regarding site and ethnicity. Participants at the least affluent sites (two) evidenced significant unmet dental needs and suboptimal access to care. In contrast, those at the most affluent sites (also oldest participants) had good oral health and access to care. CONCLUSIONS There are profound oral health disparities in urban North Texas based on socioeconomic status. These findings suggest that poor oral health is not inevitable in the elderly, as long as there is access to care. Larger-scale studies are required to broadly address oral health disparities among elderly Texans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Tapias Perdigon
- Department of Restorative Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Emet Schneiderman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
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van Gemert LN, Campbell PM, Opperman LA, Buschang PH. Localizing the osseous boundaries of micro-osteoperforations. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2019; 155:779-790. [PMID: 31153498 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this work was to determine how far the effects of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) extend within bone by quantifying the damage caused and the short-term bony adaptations that occur in and around the injury site. METHODS With the use of a split-mouth design, 34 MOPs (Propel) were randomly placed in the mandibular furcal bone of 13 beagle dogs either 2 or 4 weeks before killing them. The control side received no treatment. Vickers hardness microindentation, microscopic computed tomography, and histologic analyses were performed to evaluate the bone surrounding the MOPs. RESULTS Microfractures produced during insertion extended ∼0.6 mm from the MOP sites. Cortical and trabecular bone were significantly less dense on the experimental than on the control side up to 4.2 mm from the edge of the MOP, but side differences were small (<5%) beyond 1.5 mm from the MOP. Experimental cortical bone was significantly softer than the control bone up to 0.8 mm from the MOP after 2 weeks of healing, and up to 0.5 mm from the MOP after 4 weeks of healing. Hematoxylin and eosin stained sections of cortical and trabecular bone showed small areas of woven bone within the MOP sites after 2 weeks, and acellular areas of bone extending ∼0.5 mm from the MOP. After 4 weeks of healing, there were greater amounts of woven bone, as well as early signs of lamellar bone, in and around the MOP sites. Markedly increased TRAP activity extending up to 2.5 mm from the MOP was evident after 2 weeks, but not after 4 weeks. Vital fluorescence staining showed diffuse bone deposition on the experimental side up to 1.5 mm from the MOP margin. CONCLUSIONS When MOPs are performed in beagle dogs, demineralization is transient and healing of the injured area, as well as remineralization of bone affected by MOP placement, begins during the first 2 weeks. Although the transient effects extend farther, the principal effects extend only ∼1.5 mm from the MOP site.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Phillip M Campbell
- Department of Orthodontics, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Tex
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Tex
| | - Peter H Buschang
- Department of Orthodontics, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Tex.
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Cramer CL, Campbell PM, Opperman LA, Tadlock LP, Buschang PH. Effects of micro-osteoperforations on tooth movement and bone in the beagle maxilla. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2019; 155:681-692. [PMID: 31053284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine how micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) affect tooth movements, bone turnover, bone density, and bone volume. METHODS A split-mouth experimental design with 7 beagle dogs was used to evaluate bone surrounding maxillary second premolars that had been retracted for 7 weeks. One month after the maxillary third premolars were extracted, 8 MOPs (1.5 mm wide and 7 mm deep) were created without flaps with the use of the Propel device (6 were placed 3 mm distal to the second premolar and 2 were placed in the premolar furcation) on one randomly chosen side. The maxillary second premolars were retracted bilaterally with the use of 200 g nickel-titanium closed coil springs. Tooth movements were measured intraorally and radiographically. Microscopic computed tomography was used to evaluate the material density and volume fraction of bone distal to the premolars. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained and fluorescent sections were used to examine the bone remodeling. RESULTS Neither the intraoral (P = 0.866) nor radiographic (P = 0.528) measures showed statistically significant side differences in tooth movements. There also were no statistically significant differences in the density (P = 0.237) or volume fraction (P = 0.398) of bone through which the premolars were being moved. Fluorescent and histologic evaluations showed no apparent differences in osteoblasts, osteoclasts, or mineralization of bone near the teeth being moved. Bone healing was evident in and near the MOP sites, which had nearly but not completely healed after 7 weeks. Regions of acellular bone were evident extending ∼0.8 mm from the MOP sites. CONCLUSIONS MOPs placed 3 mm away from teeth do not increase tooth movements and have limited and transitory effect on bone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Phillip M Campbell
- Department of Orthodontics, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Tex
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Larry P Tadlock
- Department of Orthodontics, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Tex
| | - Peter H Buschang
- Department of Orthodontics, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Tex.
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Walsh RM, Woodmansey KF, He J, Svoboda KK, Primus CM, Opperman LA. Histology of NeoMTA Plus and Quick-Set2 in Contact with Pulp and Periradicular Tissues in a Canine Model. J Endod 2019; 44:1389-1395. [PMID: 30144833 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION NeoMTA Plus (Avalon Biomed Inc, Bradenton, FL) is a tricalcium silicate material similar to the first mineral trioxide aggregate product, ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Sirona, York, PA), but with improvements such as decreased setting time, increased ion release, increased water sorption, and nonstaining radiopacifiers. Quick-Set2 (Avalon Biomed Inc) is a newly formulated calcium aluminosilicate material that has a faster setting time and increased acid resistance and is nonstaining. The purpose of this study was to compare the healing of pulpal and periapical tissues in dogs after exposure to NeoMTA Plus and Quick-Set2 after pulpotomy and root-end surgery procedures. METHODS Seventy-two teeth (36 for each procedure) in 6 beagle dogs received pulpotomy or root-end surgery using either NeoMTA Plus or Quick-Set2. The dogs were sacrificed at 90 days, and the teeth and surrounding tissues were prepared for histologic evaluation. Sixty teeth were evaluated and scored histologically (29 with pulpotomies and 31 with root-end resections). Specimens were scored for inflammation, quality and thickness of dentin bridging, pulp tissue response, cementum and periodontal ligament formation, and apical bone healing. RESULTS Both materials displayed favorable healing at 90 days. The only significant difference was the quality of dentin bridge formation in pulpotomies using NeoMTA Plus compared with Quick-Set2. CONCLUSIONS Quick-Set2 and NeoMTA Plus had similar effects on inflammation, pulp response, periodontal ligament and cementum formation, and apical tissue healing in dogs. NeoMTA Plus had superior dentin bridge quality compared with Quick-Set2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Walsh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas.
| | - Karl F Woodmansey
- Center for Advanced Dental Education, St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jianing He
- Endodontics, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas
| | - Kathy K Svoboda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas
| | - Carolyn M Primus
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Bradenton, Florida
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas
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Opperman LA, Logan SM, Ruest L, Svoboda KKH. Digital vs Paper Histology Lab Exams: Pros and Cons. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.444.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Walsh RM, He J, Schweitzer J, Opperman LA, Woodmansey KF. Bioactive endodontic materials for everyday use: a review. Gen Dent 2018; 66:48-51. [PMID: 29714700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bioceramic materials are at the forefront of modern dentistry. Bioactive bioceramic endodontic materials promote pulpal and periapical tissue healing and are easy to use. Dentists can choose among many endodontic materials, depending on their needs. This article highlights the major differences among commercially available bioactive tricalcium silicate bioceramics, commonly known as mineral trioxide aggregate materials, to enable dentists to make appropriate decisions in the selection of these materials.
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Gharpure P, Kontogiorgos ED, Opperman LA, Ross CF, Strait DS, Smith A, Pryor LC, Wang Q, Dechow PC. Elastic Properties of Chimpanzee Craniofacial Cortical Bone. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2017; 299:1718-1733. [PMID: 27870344 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Relatively few assessments of cranial biomechanics formally take into account variation in the material properties of cranial cortical bone. Our aim was to characterize the elastic properties of chimpanzee craniofacial cortical bone and compare these to the elastic properties of dentate human craniofacial cortical bone. From seven cranial regions, 27 cylindrical samples were harvested from each of five chimpanzee crania. Assuming orthotropy, axes of maximum stiffness in the plane of the cortical plate were derived using modified equations of Hooke's law in a Mathcad program. Consistent orientations among individuals were observed in the zygomatic arch and alveolus. The density of cortical bone showed significant regional variation (P < 0.001). The elastic moduli demonstrated significant differences between sites, and a distinct pattern where E3 > E2 > E1 . Shear moduli were significantly different among regions (P < 0.001). The pattern by which chimpanzee cranial cortical bone varies in elastic properties resembled that seen in humans, perhaps suggesting that the elastic properties of craniofacial bone in fossil hominins can be estimated with at least some degree of confidence. Anat Rec, 299:1718-1733, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poorva Gharpure
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Elias D Kontogiorgos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Callum F Ross
- Department of Organismal Biology & Anatomy, University of Chicago, 1027 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David S Strait
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Amanda Smith
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Leslie C Pryor
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Paul C Dechow
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
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Kontogiorgos ED, Gharpure P, Iheanacho EO, Gonzales CJ, Opperman LA. Preclinical Evaluation of a Crown-Splinted Custom Root-Shaped Implant. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2017; 32:1023–1032. [PMID: 28518183 DOI: 10.11607/jomi.5416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test whether a Maryland bridge-type splint provides adequate stability for a custom root-shaped implant to osseointegrate in a manner substantially equivalent to that of a threaded implant. METHODS Six beagle dogs were subjected to intraoral impressions and cone beam scans that were used to fabricate custom root-shaped implants (RTIs) and crowns. Premolars in the mandible (P4) and in the maxilla (P3) were extracted, and 24 RTIs were immediately placed in extraction sockets. Splint extensions of the crowns were bonded to mesial and distal teeth. Twelve mandibular molars (M2) were extracted, and threaded implants (DXI), serving as controls, were placed immediately. Animals were placed on a soft diet after surgery. Weekly intraoral photographs and radiographs were taken, and animals were sacrificed at 4 months. Fluorescent labels were injected 35, 21, and 7 days before sacrifice. Clinical implant stability and vertical pullout forces were tested, and loss of vertical bone height was measured on radiographs. Histomorphometric measurements of percent bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and mineral apposition rates were made from undecalcified sections. RESULTS Three RTI splints broke or debonded, and the implants were removed. No loss of DXI implants was noted. All remaining implants were clinically stable. Mean pullout forces were 366.7 ± 182.8 N for RTI (no pullout data for the threaded DXI). Mean vertical bone loss was 0.4 ± 0.6 mm mesially and 0.2 ± 0.7 mm distally for RTI and 0.8 ± 1.1 mm mesially and 0.8 ± 1.0 mm distally for DXI, with no significant differences between groups. BIC values were 70.8% ± 12.7% for mandibular RTI, 68.3% ± 11.6% for maxillary RTI, and 78.8% ± 5.5% for DXI. Mineral apposition rates within local osteons were 1.9 ± 0.5 μm for RTI and 1.7 ± 0.3 μm for DXI; at the implant surface, they were 2.5 ± 1.2 μm for RTI and 3.3 ± 1.8 μm for DXI, with no significant differences between groups. CONCLUSION All RTIs with intact splints exhibited clinically successful integration, similar to that of control threaded implants. The RTI may be a viable option for single-tooth replacement.
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Pulver RJ, Campbell PM, Opperman LA, Buschang PH. Miniscrew-assisted slow expansion of mature rabbit sutures. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2016; 150:303-12. [PMID: 27476364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we experimentally evaluated whether complex, mature sutures can be separated using skeletal anchorage and light, continuous forces. METHODS Twelve adult, 8- to 9-month-old female New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to 1 control group and 2 experimental groups. Open-coil nickel-titanium springs delivered constant forces of 100 g across the sagittal suture to miniscrew implants placed bilaterally in the frontal bone. Sutural separation was measured biweekly. Separation was also measured with microcomputed tomography. Bone formation (mineral apposition) was measured with fluorescent labels. Qualitative histologic analyses of the suture tissues were performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining; osteoclasts were evaluated with tartrate resistant acid phosphatase staining. RESULTS All 24 miniscrew implants remained stable throughout the experiment. There was no statistically significant sutural separation in the control group. In the experimental groups, sutural separation was significant (P <0.05) at all time points after the initial records were taken. The rate of separation was linear during the first 42 days. There were moderate correlations (R = 0.59-0.89; P <0.05) between miniscrew implant separation and bone marker separation. Mineral apposition rate, which was not measureable in the control group, was significant in the experimental group. The mineral apposition rate was greater between 14 and 28 days than between 28 and 38 days, and it was greater on the ectocranial than on the endocranial surface. Based on the microcomputed tomography analysis, 3-dimensional sutural volume of the experimental group increased significantly (P = 0.02), but surface area did not (P = 0.26). CONCLUSIONS It is possible to separate the sagittal suture of mature rabbits. Sutural separation is limited, indicating involvement of other articulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Phillip M Campbell
- Chairman, Department of Orthodontics, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Tex
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- Regents professor, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Tex
| | - Peter H Buschang
- Regents professor and director of Orthodontic Research, Department of Orthodontics, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Tex.
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McMichael GE, Primus CM, Opperman LA. Dentinal Tubule Penetration of Tricalcium Silicate Sealers. J Endod 2016; 42:632-6. [PMID: 26898564 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The treatments for which mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-based materials can be used in dentistry are expanding. Smaller particle size and easier handling properties have allowed the advent of tricalcium silicate sealers including EndoSequence BC Sealer (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA), QuickSet2 (Avalon Biomed, Bradenton, FL), NeoMTA Plus (Avalon Biomed), and MTA Fillapex (Angelus, Londrina, Brazil). The objective of this study was to measure the tubule penetration with these sealers using continuous wave (CW) and single-cone (SC) obturation techniques. METHODS Eighty single-rooted teeth were randomly divided into 8 groups of 10 and obturated with 1 of the previously mentioned sealers mixed with trace amounts of rhodamine using either the CW or SC technique. Teeth were sectioned at 1 mm and 5 mm from the apex and examined under a confocal laser microscope. The percentage of sealer penetration and the maximum sealer penetration were measured. RESULTS The tricalcium silicate sealers penetrated tubules as deep as 2000 μm (2 mm). The percentage of sealer penetration was much higher 5 mm from the apex, with many specimens having 100% penetration for both SC and warm vertical techniques. MTA Fillapex, a resin-based sealer with less than 20% MTA particles, had significantly greater tubule penetration with a warm vertical technique versus the SC technique at the 1-mm level. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, the CW and SC techniques produced similar tubule penetration at both the 1-mm and the 5-mm level with the tricalcium silicate sealers BC Sealer, QuickSet2, and NeoMTA Plus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greer E McMichael
- Department of Endodontics, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Carolyn M Primus
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Bradenton, Florida
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas.
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Woodmansey KF, Kohout GD, Primus CM, Schneiderman E, Opperman LA. Histologic Assessment of Quick-Set and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Pulpotomies in a Canine Model. J Endod 2015; 41:1626-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Yang X, Yan W, Tian Y, Ma P, Opperman LA, Wang X. Family with sequence similarity member 20C is the primary but not the only kinase for the small-integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins in bone. FASEB J 2015; 30:121-8. [PMID: 26324849 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-273607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have identified family with sequence similarity member 20C (FAM20C) as a kinase that phosphorylates the Ser in Ser-X-Glu/phospho-Ser (pSer) motifs in the small-integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins (SIBLINGs). There is no in vivo evidence that validates this finding, and it is unclear whether FAM20C is the only kinase for SIBLINGs. We extracted bone noncollagenous proteins (NCPs) from Fam20C-knockout (KO) mice and analyzed the phosphorylation levels. The total NCPs were separated into osteopontin-, bone sialoprotein-, and dentin matrix protein-1-enriched fractions by anion-exchange chromatography and analyzed by SDS-PAGE, native PAGE, and Western immunoblot analysis. The NCP phosphorylation level in the KO mice was lower than that in the wild-type (WT). On the native gel, the SIBLINGs from KO mice showed a lower migration rate (Mr) than those from the WT. Calf intestine phosphatase treatment shifted SIBLINGs from the WT mice to the level adjacent to the KO, but failed to shift the latter, suggesting a phosphorylation loss of SIBLINGs in the KO mice. Mass spectrometry identified less pSers in the SIBLINGs from the KO mice [including the region of the acidic Ser- and aspartate-rich motif (ASARM) peptides]. In an intriguing finding, several pSers in the Ser-X-Glu motifs in the KO mice maintained their phosphorylation, whereas several others in non-Ser-X-Glu motifs did not. Phospho-Tyrs and phospho-Thrs in the SIBLINGs did not appear to be associated with FAM20C. Our results indicate that FAM20C is the primary, but not the only, kinase for the SIBLINGs.-Yang, X., Yan, W., Tian, Y., Ma, P., Opperman, L. A., Wang, X. Family with sequence similarity member 20C is the primary but not the only kinase for the small-integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiudong Yang
- *Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA; Southern Medical University, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Sichuan University, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; and Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Yan
- *Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA; Southern Medical University, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Sichuan University, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; and Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Tian
- *Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA; Southern Medical University, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Sichuan University, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; and Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Ma
- *Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA; Southern Medical University, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Sichuan University, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; and Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- *Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA; Southern Medical University, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Sichuan University, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; and Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- *Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA; Southern Medical University, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Sichuan University, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; and Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Opperman LA. Anatomist executive talks device development. Biomed Instrum Technol 2015; 49:125-127. [PMID: 25793343 DOI: 10.2345/0899-8205-49.2.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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Elsalanty ME, Malavia V, Zakhary I, Mulone T, Kontogiorgos ED, Dechow PC, Opperman LA. Dentate transport discs can be used to reconstruct large segmental mandibular defects. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 73:745-58. [PMID: 25661502 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study tested the use of a dentate transport segment for the reconstruction of a large U-shaped defect in the anterior segment of the canine mandible using a novel curved reconstruction plate. The quality and quantity of bone regenerate formed by dentate versus edentulous transport segments were compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 5 adult foxhound dogs, a defect of 70 to 75 mm was created in the canine mandible by excising the mandible anterior to the right and left fourth premolars. Reconstruction was performed by trifocal distraction osteogenesis using a bone transport reconstruction plate (BTRP-02), with 2 transport units being activated simultaneously, one on either side of the defect, 1 dentate and 1 edentulous. Bilateral distraction proceeded at a rate of 1 mm/day until the segments docked against each other in the midline. After 39 to 44 days of consolidation, the animals were euthanized. The quantity and quality of bone regeneration on the 2 sides were compared using micro-computed tomography. RESULTS The defect reconstruction was successful. The amount and quality of bone formed by the transport segments were similar on the 2 sides. There were no major differences in the bone volume fraction and density of the regenerate bone formed by the 2 transport segments. The bone volume fraction and density of the regenerate bone were considerably lower than those of the host bone in the distal segments, likely owing to the short consolidation period. CONCLUSIONS Bone transport remains a viable option in reconstructing anterior segmental defects in the mandible. The use of dentate or edentulous transport segments for reconstruction provides options for the surgeon in often highly compromised patients requiring these surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed E Elsalanty
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral Biology and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA.
| | - Veera Malavia
- Formerly, Graduate Student, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis (CCRD), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX; currently, Nova Southeastern University College of Dental Medicine, Fort Lauderdale-Davie, FL
| | - Ibrahim Zakhary
- Formerly, Senior Research Associate, Department of Oral Biology, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA; currently, Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Detroit Mercy School of Dentistry, Detroit, MI
| | | | - Elias D Kontogiorgos
- Associate Professor, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis (CCRD), Department of Restorative Sciences, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX
| | - Paul C Dechow
- Professor, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis (CCRD), Department of Biomedical Sciences; Director, Technology Development, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- Professor, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis (CCRD), Department of Biomedical Sciences; Director, Technology Development, Texas A&M University Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX
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Zapata U, Dechow PC, Watanabe I, Elsalanty ME, Opperman LA. Biomechanics of the canine mandible during bone transport distraction osteogenesis. J Biomech Eng 2014; 136:1901138. [PMID: 25162918 DOI: 10.1115/1.4028409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study compared biomechanical patterns between finite element models (FEMs) and a fresh dog mandible tested under molar and incisal physiological loads in order to clarify the effect of the bone transport distraction osteogenesis (BTDO) surgical process. Three FEMs of dog mandibles were built in order to evaluate the effects of BTDO. The first model evaluated the mandibular response under two physiological loads resembling bite processes. In the second model, a 5.0 cm bone defect was bridged with a bone transport reconstruction plate (BTRP). In the third model, new regenerated bony tissue was incorporated within the defect to mimic the surgical process without the presence of the device. Complementarily, a mandible of a male American foxhound dog was mechanically tested in the laboratory both in the presence and absence of a BTRP, and mechanical responses were measured by attaching rosettes to the bone surface of the mandible to validate the FEM predictions. The relationship between real and predicted values indicates that the stress patterns calculated using FEM are a valid predictor of the biomechanics of the BTDO procedures. The present study provides an interesting correlation between the stiffness of the device and the biomechanical response of the mandible affected for bone transport.
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Zapata U, Watanabe I, Opperman LA, Dechow PC, Mulone T, Elsalanty ME. In Vitro Mechanical Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Transport Devices. J Med Device 2014. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4026561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone transport distraction osteogenesis (BTDO) is a surgical procedure that has been used over the last 30 years for the correction of segmental defects produced mainly by trauma and oncological resections. Application of BTDO has several clinical advantages over traditional surgical techniques. Over the past few years, several BTDO devices have been introduced to reconstruct mandibular bone defects. Based on the location and outline of the defect, each device requires a uniquely shaped reconstruction plate. To date, no biomechanical evaluations of mandibular BTDO devices have been reported in the literature. The present study evaluated the mechanical behavior of three different shaped prototypes of a novel mandibular bone transport reconstruction plate and its transport unit for the reconstruction of segmental bone defects of the mandible by using numerical models complemented with mechanical laboratory tests to characterize strength, fatigue, and stability. The strength test evaluated device failures under extreme loads and was complemented with optimization procedures to improve the biomechanical behavior of the devices. The responses of the prototypes were characterized to improve their design and identify weak and strong regions in order to avoid posterior device failure in clinical applications. Combinations of the numerical and mechanical laboratory results were used to compare and validate the models. In addition, the results remark the importance of reducing the number of animals used in experimental tests by increasing computational and in vitro trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uriel Zapata
- Mechanical Engineering Department, EAFIT University, Medellin 050022, Colombia e-mail:
| | - Ikuya Watanabe
- Department of Dental and Biomedical
Materials Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | | | - Paul C. Dechow
- Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX 75246
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Kramer PR, Woodmansey KF, White R, Primus CM, Opperman LA. Capping a pulpotomy with calcium aluminosilicate cement: comparison to mineral trioxide aggregates. J Endod 2014; 40:1429-34. [PMID: 25146026 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Calcium aluminate cements have shown little affinity for bacterial growth, low toxicity, and immunogenicity when used as a restoration material, but calcium aluminate cements have not been tested in vivo in pulpotomy procedures. METHODS To address this question, a calcium aluminosilicate cement (Quick-Set) was tested along with 2 mineral trioxide aggregates, ProRoot MTA and MTA Plus. These cements were used as a capping agent after pulpotomy. Control rats had no pulpotomy, or the pulpotomy was not capped. Proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-1α were measured, and histology was performed at 30 and 60 days after capping. The nociceptive response was determined by measuring the lengthening of the rat's meal duration. RESULTS and CONCLUSIONS IL-1β and IL-1α concentrations were reduced in the capped teeth, but no differences were observed among the 3 cements. Dentinal bridging could be detected at both 30 and 60 days with each of the 3 cements, and the pulps were still vital 60 days after capping. Meal duration significantly shortened after placement of the 3 different cements, indicating a nociceptive response, but there were no differences among the materials. Calcium aluminosilicate cement had similar properties to mineral trioxide aggregates and is a viable option for pulpotomy procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip R Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A and M Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas.
| | - Karl F Woodmansey
- Department of Endodontics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A and M Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Robert White
- Department of Endodontics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A and M Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Lynne A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A and M Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
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McBride MD, Campbell PM, Opperman LA, Dechow PC, Buschang PH. How does the amount of surgical insult affect bone around moving teeth? Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2014; 145:S92-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2013.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Derksen RB, Kontogiorgos ED, Dechow PC, Opperman LA. A pilot histologic comparison of bone-to-implant contact between phosphate-coated and control titanium implants in the canine model. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2014; 29:203-10. [PMID: 24451872 DOI: 10.11607/jomi.3364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study tested the null hypothesis that phosphate-treated titanium implants would perform no differently on mineral apposition rates (MARs), new bone-to-implant contact (new BIC), and total bone-to-implant contact (total BIC) compared to standard titanium implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty 3.3×8.0-mm titanium implants, either phosphate-treated or untreated, were placed in the mandibles of five foxhounds following 6 weeks of postextraction healing. The untreated implants (control) had sandblasted, acid-etched (SLA) surfaces, while the treated implants were electrolytically phosphorylated at 50 volts (T50) or 100 volts (T100). Confocal and histologic analyses were performed on all the implants after 4 weeks of healing. RESULTS The MARs could not be analyzed due to a lack of delineation between the three bone markers. New BIC results for control implants ranged from 6.0% to 56.0% with a mean of 23.92% and standard deviation (SD) of 13.29%; T50 implants ranged from 8.0% to 43.0% with a mean of 22.29% and SD of 10.26%; and T100 implants ranged from 0.0% to 47.0% with a mean of 17.43% and SD of 11.40%. Total BIC results for control implants ranged from 8.0% to 68.0% BIC with a mean of 41.4% and SD of 19.3%; T50 implants ranged from 21.0% to 65.0% with a mean of 43.7% and SD of 15.2%; and T100 implants ranged from 5.0% to 68.0% with a mean of 38.0% and SD of 19.5%. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this pilot study, no significant differences in new BIC or total BIC were found between the three implant groups (C, T50, and T100). Given the very large sample size required to show clinically significant differences, phosphated surfaces do not appear to provide additional advantages to SLA surfaces.
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Ruso S, Campbell PM, Rossmann J, Opperman LA, Taylor RW, Buschang PH. Bone response to buccal tooth movements—with and without flapless alveolar decortication. Eur J Orthod 2013; 36:613-23. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjt057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Liu SSY, Xu H, Sun J, Kontogiorgos E, Whittington PR, Misner KG, Kyung HM, Buschang PH, Opperman LA. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 stimulates bone formation during interfrontal suture expansion in rabbits. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2013; 144:210-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2013.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Eid AA, Niu LN, Primus CM, Opperman LA, Pashley DH, Watanabe I, Tay FR. In vitro osteogenic/dentinogenic potential of an experimental calcium aluminosilicate cement. J Endod 2013; 39:1161-6. [PMID: 23953291 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Calcium aluminosilicate cements are fast-setting, acid-resistant, bioactive cements that may be used as root-repair materials. This study examined the osteogenic/dentinogenic potential of an experimental calcium aluminosilicate cement (Quick-Set) by using a murine odontoblast-like cell model. METHODS Quick-Set and white ProRoot MTA (WMTA) were mixed with the proprietary gel or deionized water, allowed to set completely in 100% relative humidity, and aged in complete growth medium for 2 weeks until rendered non-cytotoxic. Similarly aged Teflon disks were used as negative control. The MDPC-23 cell line was used for evaluating changes in mRNA expressions of genes associated with osteogenic/dentinogenic differentiation and mineralization (quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction), alkaline phosphatase enzyme production, and extracellular matrix mineralization (alizarin red S staining). RESULTS After MDPC-23 cells were incubated with the materials in osteogenic differentiation medium for 1 week, both cements showed up-regulation in ALP and DSPP expression. Fold increases in these 2 genes were not significantly different between Quick-Set and WMTA. Both cements showed no statistically significant up-regulation/down-regulation in RUNX2, OCN, BSP, and DMP1 gene expression compared with Teflon. Alkaline phosphatase activity of cells cultured on Quick-Set and WMTA were not significantly different at 1 week or 2 weeks but were significantly higher (P < .05) than Teflon in both weeks. Both cements showed significantly higher calcium deposition compared with Teflon after 3 weeks of incubation in mineralizing medium (P < .001). Differences between Quick-Set and WMTA were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS The experimental calcium aluminosilicate cement exhibits similar osteogenic/dentinogenic properties to WMTA and may be a potential substitute for commercially available tricalcium silicate cements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf A Eid
- Department of Dental and Biomedical Material Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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San Miguel SM, Opperman LA, Allen EP, Zielinski JE, Svoboda KK. Antioxidant combinations protect oral fibroblasts against metal-induced toxicity. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58:299-310. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2012.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kontogiorgos E, Elsalanty ME, Zakhary I, Nagy WW, Dechow PC, Opperman LA. Osseointegration of Dental Implants Placed into Canine Mandibular Bone Regenerated by Bone Transport Distraction Osteogenesis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2013; 28:677-86. [DOI: 10.11607/jomi.2977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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San Miguel SM, Opperman LA, Allen EP, Zielinski J, Svoboda KK. Bioactive polyphenol antioxidants protect oral fibroblasts from ROS-inducing agents. Arch Oral Biol 2012; 57:1657-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2012.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 04/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Benson MD, Opperman LA, Westerlund J, Fernandez CR, San Miguel S, Henkemeyer M, Chenaux G. Ephrin-B stimulation of calvarial bone formation. Dev Dyn 2012; 241:1901-10. [PMID: 23129351 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.23874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ephrin-B2 on osteoclasts was reported to promote bone formation as part of homeostasis by activating the EphB4 tyrosine kinase receptor on osteoblasts. Little is known about the role of ephrin-B signaling to EphBs in developmental bone formation. RESULTS We observed expression of an ephrin-B2 LacZ chimeric allele in the periosteum, sutural bone fronts, and dura mater of embryonic and neonatal mice. Expression in the adult skull was confined to sutures, but was heavily upregulated at sites of bone injury. Culture of embryonic calvariae with soluble recombinant ephrin-B2/Fc doubled their bone content without altering suture width or overall skull morphology. Ephrin-B2/Fc also stimulated osteoblast marker gene expression in cultured MC3T3 preosteoblastic cells without the need for type 1 collagen-induced differentiation. EphB4 was absent in embryonic and adult skulls. However, EphB1 and EphB2, both physiological receptors for ephrin-Bs, were expressed at sites of osteogenesis, and EphB1 knockout mice displayed a reduction in calvarial bone content compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS These data support a role for ephrin-B2 in the development and healing of bone through activation of osteoblast-specific gene expression. EphB1 and EphB2 are likely candidates receptors for the ephrin-B2 in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Douglas Benson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas 75246, USA.
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Walker SS, Kontogiorgos ED, Dechow PC, Kerns DG, Nelson CJ, Opperman LA. Comparison of the effects of phosphate-coated and sandblasted acid-etched titanium implants on osseointegration: a microcomputed tomographic examination in the canine model. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2012; 27:1069-1080. [PMID: 23057019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study tested the effects of phosphate treatment of titanium on bone volume fraction (BV/TV) at 30 to 60 Μm from the implant surface using microcomputed tomography to analyze the mineralized tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electrolytically phosphated (50/100 volts [T1/T2]) or nonphosphated 3.3- X 8-mm titanium implants (C) with sandblasted acid-etched surfaces were placed in 40 mandibular sites in five foxhounds 6 weeks after the extraction of the premolars. After 4 weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and BV/TV was analyzed using microcomputed tomography. RESULTS The mean BV/TV (± standard deviation) of the control implants was 31.4% ± 15.3% (range, 10.9% to 55.3%). For the T1 implants, a mean BV/TV of 38.4% ± 10.7% (range, 21.6% to 57.3%) was seen, and for T2 implants, the mean BV/TV was 40.3% ± 15.1% (range, 16.5% to 61.1%). Mean BV/TV values for the groups were not significantly different. For all groups (C, T1, and T2), there were no significant differences in BV/TV at the most coronal slices. For all groups, there was a positive slope showing more bone apposition as the slices moved from coronal to apical. The T2 group showed significantly increased mineralized tissue moving from the coronal to the apical section of the implant, compared to the control and T1 implants. CONCLUSION Access to better blood supply and bone cells from the marrow spaces in the apical regions may lead to a better trabecular bone response. Increased mineralized tissue apposition may allow for accelerated loading and more predictable implant placement in sites with poor quality bone or patients with compromised bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen S Walker
- Department of Periodontics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas 75246, USA
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Sachar A, Strom TA, Serrano MJ, Benson MD, Opperman LA, Svoboda KKH, Liu X. Osteoblasts responses to three-dimensional nanofibrous gelatin scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:3029-41. [PMID: 22707234 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of suitable scaffolds for bone tissue engineering requires an in-depth understanding of the interactions between osteoblasts and scaffolding biomaterials. Although there have been a large amount of knowledge accumulated on the cell-material interactions on two-dimensional (2D) planar substrates, our understanding of how osteoblasts respond to a biomimetic nanostructured three-dimensional (3D) scaffold is very limited. In this work, we developed an approach to use confocal microscopy as an effective tool for visualizing, analyzing, and quantifying osteoblast-matrix interactions and bone tissue formation on 3D nanofibrous gelatin scaffolds (3D-NF-GS). Integrin β1, phosphor-paxillin, and vinculin were used to detect osteoblasts responses to the nanofibrous architecture of 3D-NF-GS. Unlike osteoblasts cultured on 2D substrates, osteoblasts seeded on 3D-NF-GS showed less focal adhesions for phospho-paxillin and vinculin, and the integrin β1 was difficult to detect after the first 5 days. Bone sialoprotein (BSP) expression on the 3D-NF-GS was present mainly in the cell cytoplasm at 5 days and inside secretory vesicles at 2 weeks, whereas most of the BSP on the 2D gelatin substrates was concentrated either in cell interface toward the periphery or at focal adhesion sites. Confocal images showed that osteoblasts were able to migrate throughout the 3D matrix within 5 days. By 14 days, osteoblasts were organized as nodular aggregations inside the scaffold pores and a large amount of collagen and other cell secretions covered and remodeled the surfaces of the 3D-NF-GS. These nodules were mineralized and were uniformly distributed inside the entire 3D-NF-GS after being cultured for 2 weeks. Taken together, these results give insight into osteoblast-matrix interactions in biomimetic nanofibrous 3D scaffolds and will guide the development of optimal scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashneet Sachar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University Health Sciences Center, Dallas, Texas 75246, USA
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Bird DC, Komabayashi T, Guo L, Opperman LA, Spears R. In vitro evaluation of dentinal tubule penetration and biomineralization ability of a new root-end filling material. J Endod 2012; 38:1093-6. [PMID: 22794212 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Capasio is being developed as a new generation of endodontic material with potential use as a root-end filling material. The aim of this study was to compare the ability of Capasio and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) to penetrate human dentinal tubules and examine the interaction of Capasio and MTA with a synthetic tissue fluid (STF) and root canal walls in extracted human teeth. METHODS Root-end preparations were filled with Capasio or MTA, allowed to set for 4 weeks in STF, and then sectioned at 1, 2, and 3 mm from resected surface. Depth of penetration was evaluated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Next, Capasio and MTA samples were prepared both in 1-g pellets and in root-end preparations. Samples were placed in STF, allowed to set, and then characterized by using SEM, energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDXA), and x-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. RESULTS Penetration of Capasio into dentinal tubules was observed at all levels. No penetration of MTA into dentinal tubules was observed at any level. Both Capasio and MTA formed apatite crystals in the supernatant, on their exposed surfaces, and in the interfacial layers that were similar in structure and elemental composition when evaluated by using SEM and EDXA. XRD analysis of these crystals corresponds with those reported for hydroxyapatite. CONCLUSIONS When used as a root-end filling material, Capasio is more likely to penetrate dentinal tubules. Both Capasio and MTA promote apatite deposition when exposed to STF.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Bird
- Department of Endodontics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
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32
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Shibazaki-Yorozuya R, Wang Q, Dechow PC, Maki K, Opperman LA. Changes in biomechanical strain and morphology of rat calvarial sutures and bone after Tgf-β3 inhibition of posterior interfrontal suture fusion. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2012; 295:928-38. [PMID: 22528365 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Craniofacial sutures are bone growth fronts that respond and adapt to biomechanical environments. Little is known of the role sutures play in regulating the skull biomechanical environment during patency and fusion conditions, especially how delayed or premature suture fusion will impact skull biomechanics. Tgf-β3 has been shown to prevent or delay suture fusion over the short term in rat skulls, yet the long-term patency or its consequences in treated sutures is not known. It was therefore hypothesized that Tgf-β3 had a long-term impact to prevent suture fusion and thus alter the skull biomechanics. In this study, collagen gels containing 3 ng Tgf-β3 were surgically placed superficial to the posterior interfrontal suture (IFS) and deep to the periosteum in postnatal day 9 (P9) rats. At P9, P24, and P70, biting forces and strains over left parietal bone, posterior IFS, and sagittal suture were measured with masticatory muscles bilaterally stimulated, after which the rats were sacrificed and suture patency analyzed histologically. Results demonstrated that Tgf-β3 treated sutures showed less fusion over time than control groups, and strain patterns in the skulls of the Tgf-β3-treated group were different from that of the control group. Although bite force increased with age, no alterations in bite force were attributable to Tgf-β3 treatment. These findings suggest that the continued presence of patent sutures can affect strain patterns, perhaps when higher bite forces are present as in adult animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Shibazaki-Yorozuya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, USA
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Varanasi VG, Dominia LM, Jue SM, Lee A, Leong KK, Loomer PM, Opperman LA. Individual and Combined Effect of Silicon and Calcium Ions on Osteoblast Gene Expression and Matrix Formation. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.728.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Venu Gopal Varanasi
- Department of Biomedical SciencesTexas A & M Health Science Center Baylor College of DentistryDallasTX
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lynne A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical SciencesTexas A & M Health Science Center Baylor College of DentistryDallasTX
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Budinskaya OV, Kontogiorgos ED, Brownlee M, Lee JS, Budinskiy RA, Dechow PC, Wright JM, Svoboda KKH, Opperman LA. Vacuum-induced Suction Stimulates Increased Numbers of Blood Vessels in Healthy Dog Gingiva. Wounds 2012; 24:99-109. [PMID: 25876246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study was designed to determine if vacuum-induced suction increased the number of blood vessels in healthy dog gingiva as a prelude to future studies testing vacuum therapy for improving local blood supply and controlling periodontal disease. METHODS The buccal gingiva of five dogs was treated with subatmospheric pressure for 5 days, with untreated tissues acting as controls. Biopsies were analyzed for vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) and blood vessels were counted. RESULTS VEGF and vessel numbers were elevated in treatment groups compared to controls (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION A single daily application of subatmospheric pressure might be beneficial for healing damaged or diseased gingival tissues. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana V Budinskaya
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX;
| | - Elias D Kontogiorgos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX
| | - Meredith Brownlee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX
| | - Jennifer S Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX
| | - Roman A Budinskiy
- 3Departments of Biochemistry and Petroleum Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX
| | - Paul C Dechow
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX
| | - John M Wright
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX
| | - Kathy K H Svoboda
- Departments of Biochemistry and Petroleum Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX
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35
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Washington JT, Schneiderman E, Spears R, Fernandez CR, He J, Opperman LA. Biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of new generation endodontic materials established by using primary osteoblasts. J Endod 2011; 37:1166-70. [PMID: 21763915 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Generex A and Generex B (calcium silicate based), Capasio (calcium-phospho-alumino silicate based) along with Ceramicrete-D (magnesium phosphate based) are being introduced as a new generation of endodontic materials with the potential to facilitate bone healing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of these new materials by using primary osteoblasts. METHODS Primary osteoblasts were prepared from rat calvaria and exposed to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Generex A, Generex B, Capasio, and Ceramicrete-D prepared to standardized size and shape (n = 5). Trypan blue staining was used to evaluate cell viability from 1-6 days. Mineralization potential was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy for the presence of mineralized nodules. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS Only Generex A and MTA allowed cell growth and proliferation throughout the experiment. There were statistically significant differences between groups throughout the experiment beginning on day 1. The greatest amount of cell growth was consistently observed with Generex A and MTA. There was no difference in mineralized nodule formation between any test materials. CONCLUSIONS Generex A was the only new generation endodontic material that supported primary osteoblast growth; no material besides MTA facilitated nodule formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelani T Washington
- Department of Endodontics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
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36
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Zapata U, Halvachs EK, Dechow PC, Elsalanty ME, Opperman LA. Architecture and microstructure of cortical bone in reconstructed canine mandibles after bone transport distraction osteogenesis. Calcif Tissue Int 2011; 89:379-88. [PMID: 21927873 PMCID: PMC3207503 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-011-9529-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Reconstruction of the canine mandible using bone transport distraction osteogenesis has been shown to be a suitable method for correcting segmental bone defects produced by cancer, gunshots, and trauma. Although the mechanical quality of the new regenerate cortical bone seems to be related to the mineralization process, several questions regarding the microstructural patterns of the new bony tissue remain unanswered. The purpose of this study was to quantify any microstructural differences that may exist between the regenerate and control cortical bone. Five adult American foxhound dogs underwent unilateral bone transport distraction of the mandible to repair bone defects of 30-35 mm. Animals were killed 12 weeks after the beginning of the consolidation period. Fourteen cylindrical cortical samples were extracted from the superior, medial, and inferior aspects of the lingual and buccal plates of the reconstructed aspect of the mandible, and 21 specimens were collected similarly from the contralateral aspect of the mandible. Specimens were evaluated using histomorphometric and micro-computed tomographic techniques to compare their microstructure. Except for differences in haversian canal area, histomorphometric analyses suggested no statistical differences in microstructure between regenerate and control cortical bone. Morphological evaluation suggested a consistent level of anisotropy, possibly related to the distraction vector. After 12 weeks' consolidation, bone created during bone transport distraction osteogenesis was comparable to native bone in microstructure, architecture, and mechanical properties. It is proposed that, after enough time, the properties of the regenerate bone will be identical to that of native bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uriel Zapata
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Mercer University, School of Medicine, Macon, Georgia
- Eafit University, Mechanical Engineering Department, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Emily K. Halvachs
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Texas at Arlington, Texas
| | - Paul C. Dechow
- Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Lynne A. Opperman
- Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
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San Miguel SM, Opperman LA, Allen EP, Svoboda KKH. Use of antioxidants in oral healthcare. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2011; 32:E156-E159. [PMID: 23627309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing attention to the potential benefit from the use of antioxidants in the field of dental medicine. In general, antioxidants may be available through oral ingestion, diet or vitamin supplements, and in nutraceuticals. In addition, treatment of oral and dental health problems may include drug-free, natural antioxidant remedies that are available in topical oral applications such as mouth rinse, gel, paste, gum, or lozenge compositions. These topical antioxidant remedies help reduce free-radical or reactive-oxygen species, which are causative inflammatory factors in the progression of gingival and periodontal maladies. This review focuses on relationships between antioxidants and free-radical/reactive-oxygen species in the oral environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Symone M San Miguel
- Biomedical Sciences, Texas A and M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
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38
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Kontogiorgos E, Elsalanty ME, Zapata U, Zakhary I, Nagy WW, Dechow PC, Opperman LA. Three-dimensional evaluation of mandibular bone regenerated by bone transport distraction osteogenesis. Calcif Tissue Int 2011; 89:43-52. [PMID: 21556698 PMCID: PMC3133632 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-011-9492-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 04/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the structure and material properties of native mandibular bone and those of early regenerate bone, produced by bone transport distraction osteogenesis. Ten adult foxhounds were divided into two groups of five animals each. In all animals, a 3- to 4-cm defect was created on one side of the mandible. A bone transport reconstruction plate, consisting of a reconstruction plate with an attached intraoral transport unit, was utilized to stabilize the mandible and regenerate bone at a rate of 1 mm/day. After the distraction period was finished, the animals were killed at 6 and 12 weeks of consolidation. Micro-computed tomography was used to assess the morphometric and structural indices of regenerate bone and matching bone from the unoperated contralateral side. Significant new bone was formed within the defect in the 6- and 12-week groups. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) between mandibular regenerated and native bone were found in regard to bone volume fraction, mineral density, bone surface ratio, trabecular thickness, trabecular separation, and connectivity density, which increased from 12 to 18 weeks of consolidation. We showed that regenerated bone is still mineralizing and that native bone appears denser because of a thick outer layer of cortical bone that is not yet formed in the regenerate. However, the regenerate showed a significantly higher number of thicker trabeculae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Kontogiorgos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
| | - Mohammed E. Elsalanty
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Georgia Health Science University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Uriel Zapata
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
| | - Ibrahim Zakhary
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Georgia Health Science University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - William W. Nagy
- Department of Restorative Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Paul C. Dechow
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
| | - Lynne A. Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
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Reuben JS, Dinh L, Lee J, Stateson J, Kamara H, Xiang L, Opperman LA. Bisphosphonates inhibit phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3: implications for their effects on innate immune function and osteoclastogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 111:196-204. [PMID: 21237434 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2010.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Revised: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study tested the effects of bisphosphonates (BPs) on the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) protein in macrophages. SOCS3 has been shown to regulate cell differentiation and survival; however, its potential role in mediating the effects of BPs has not been explored. STUDY DESIGN The cell viability of murine RAW 267.4 macrophages was assessed after culturing with control medium or media containing increasing concentrations of 2 BPs (ibandronate or clodronate) for 24, 48, and 72 hours. The phosphorylation status of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and the expression of SOCS3 protein levels were determined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS In control cultures, STAT3 phosphorylation and STAT3 and SOCS3 protein levels increased within 5 minutes after the addition of fresh medium. This increase was inhibited in cultures treated with both BPs. Macrophage cell viability also decreased after BP treatment. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that, in addition to their effects on macrophage viability, BPs can decrease STAT3 and SOCS3 expression, which are important modulators of immune responses and bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayne S Reuben
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Dallas, Texas 75246, USA.
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40
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Nagashima LK, Rondon-Newby M, Zakhary IE, Nagy WW, Zapata U, Dechow PC, Opperman LA, Elsalanty ME. Bone regeneration and docking site healing after bone transport distraction osteogenesis in the canine mandible. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011; 70:429-39. [PMID: 21601342 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2011.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bone transport distraction osteogenesis provides a promising alternative to traditional grafting techniques. However, existing bone transport distraction osteogenesis devices have many limitations. The purpose of this research was to test a new device, the mandibular bone transport reconstruction plate, in an animal model with comparable mandible size to humans and to histologically and mechanically examine the regenerate bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven adult foxhounds were divided into an unreconstructed control group of 5 animals and an experimental group of 6 animals. In each animal, a 34-mm segmental defect was created in the mandible. The defect was reconstructed with a bone transport reconstruction plate. Histologic and biomechanical characteristics of the regenerate and unrepaired defect were analyzed and compared with bone on the contralateral side of the mandible after 4 weeks of consolidation. RESULTS The reconstructed defect was bridged with new bone, with little bone in the control defect. Regenerate density and microhardness were 22.3% and 42.6%, respectively, lower than the contralateral normal bone. Likewise, the anisotropy of the experimental group was statistically lower than in the contralateral bone. Half the experimental animals showed nonunion at the docking site. CONCLUSION The device was very stable and easy to install and activate. After 1 month of consolidation, the defect was bridged with new bone, with evidence of active bone formation. Regenerate bone was less mature than the control bone. Studies are underway to identify when the regenerate properties compare with normal bone and to identify methods to augment bone union at the docking site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy K Nagashima
- Department of Prosthodontics, Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University System, Dallas, TX, USA
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41
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San Miguel SM, Tillberg CM, Opperman LA, Svoboda KK. Characterization of a trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)‐induced mouse model of Periodontitis. FASEB J 2011. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.868.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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42
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Liu SSY, Opperman LA, Kyung HM, Buschang PH. Is there an optimal force level for sutural expansion? Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011; 139:446-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2009.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2009] [Revised: 03/01/2009] [Accepted: 03/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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43
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San Miguel SM, Opperman LA, Allen EP, Svoboda KKH. Use of antioxidants in oral healthcare. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2011; 32:e25-e28. [PMID: 23738832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing attention to the potential benefit from the use of antioxidants in the field of dental medicine. In general, antioxidants may be available through oral ingestion, diet or vitamin supplements, and in nutraceuticals. In addition, treatment of oral and dental health problems may include drug-free, natural antioxidant remedies that are available in topical oral applications such as mouth rinse, gel, paste, gum, or lozenge compositions. These topical antioxidant remedies help reduce free-radical or reactive-oxygen species, which are causative inflammatory factors in the progression of gingival and periodontal maladies. This review focuses on relationships between antioxidants and free-radical/reactive-oxygen species in the oral environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Symone M San Miguel
- Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A and M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
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44
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Zapata U, Opperman LA, Kontogiorgos E, Elsalanty ME, Dechow PC. Biomechanical characteristics of regenerated cortical bone in the canine mandible. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2011; 5:551-9. [PMID: 21695796 DOI: 10.1002/term.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
To test the mechanical properties of regenerate cortical bone created using mandibular bone transport (MBT) distraction, five adult male American foxhound dogs underwent unilateral distraction of the mandible with a novel MBT device placed to linearly repair a 30-35 mm bone defect. The animals were sacrificed 12 weeks after the beginning of the consolidation period. Fourteen cylindrical specimens were taken from the inner (lingual) and outer (buccal) plates of the reconstructed mandible and 21 control specimens were removed from the contralateral aspect of the mandible. The mechanical properties of the 35 cylindrical cortical bone specimens were assessed by using a non-destructive pulse ultrasound technique. Results showed that all of the cortical mechanical properties exhibit higher numerical values on the control side than the MBT regenerate side. In addition, both densities and the elastic moduli in the direction of maximum stiffness of the regenerate cortical bone specimens are higher on the lingual side than the buccal side. Interestingly, there is no statistical difference between elastic modulus (E(1) and E(2) ) in orthogonal directions throughout the 35 cortical specimens. The data suggest that not only is the regenerate canine cortical bone heterogeneous, but the elastic mechanical properties tend to approximate transverse isotropy at a tissue level, as opposed to control cortical bone, which is orthotropic. In addition, the elastic mechanical properties are higher not only on the control side but also in the lingual anatomical position, suggesting a stress shielding effect from the presence of the reconstruction plate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uriel Zapata
- Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, USA
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San Miguel SM, Opperman LA, Allen EP, Svoboda KKH. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense mechanisms in the oral cavity: a literature review. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2011; 32:E10-E15. [PMID: 23738797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Through dental procedures and environment, periodontal tissues are exposed to many types of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recently, various forms of antioxidants have been introduced as an approach to fight dental diseases and improve general gingival health. This article focuses on the classification of antioxidants and the link between oxidative stress and periodontal disease. The protective mechanisms of antioxidants and how routine dental procedures may increase ROS is discussed. The final section reviews the effect of tobacco products on gingival health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Symone M San Miguel
- Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Dentistry, Texas A and M Health Science Center, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
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San Miguel SM, Opperman LA, Allen EP, Zielinski J, Svoboda KK. Antioxidants Counteract Nicotine and Promote Migration via RacGTP in Oral Fibroblast Cells. J Periodontol 2010; 81:1675-90. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2010.100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Miguel SMS, Opperman LA, Svoboda KK. Antioxidants Increased In Vitro Wound Healing of Nicotine‐Treated Oral Fibroblasts. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.181.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zapata U, Wang Q, Opperman LA, Dechow PC. The digital reconstruction process and the assessment of hard tissue structure and mechanics. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.400.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uriel Zapata
- Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M Health Science Center ‐ Baylor College of DentistryDallasTX
- Mechanical EngineeringEafit UniversityMedellínColombia
| | - Qian Wang
- School of MedicineMercer UniversityMaconGA
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M Health Science Center ‐ Baylor College of DentistryDallasTX
| | - Paul C Dechow
- Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M Health Science Center ‐ Baylor College of DentistryDallasTX
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Opperman LA. Translational Research, Technology Transfer and Small Business Grants – Alternate Funding Resources. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.7.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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