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On-farm evaluation of multiparametric models to predict subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows. Animal 2023; 17:100826. [PMID: 37224616 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aimed: (i) to evaluate on-farm (FARM data) multiparametric models developed under controlled experiment (INRAE data) and based on non-invasive indicators to detect subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in dairy cows. We also aimed to recover high discrimination capacity, if needed, by (ii) building new models with combined INRAE and FARM data; and (iii) enriching the models increasing from 2 to 5 indicators per model. For model enrichment, we focused on indicators determinable on-farm by quick and inexpensive routine analysis. Fifteen commercial dairy farms were selected to cover a wide range of SARA risk. In each farm, four Holstein early-lactating healthy primiparous cows were selected based on their last on-farm recording of milk yield and somatic cell count analysis. Cows were equipped with a reticulo-rumen pH sensor. The pH kinetics were analysed over a subsequent 7-day period. Relative pH indicators were used to classify cows with or without SARA. Milk, blood, faeces, and urine were collected for analysis of the indicators included in the models developed by Villot et al. (2020) on INRAE data that were externally evaluated using FARM data. Then, new models based on the same indicators were developed combining INRAE and FARM data to test whether a possible loss in performance was due to a limited validity domain of model by Villot et al (2020). Finally, the models developed combining INRAE and FARM data were adapted to the on-farm application and enriched by increasing indicators from 2 to 5 per model using linear discriminant analysis and leave-one-out cross-validation. The sensitivities (true-positive rate) in external evaluation on FARM data were substantially lower than those from cross-validation by Villot et al. (2020) (range: 0.1-0.75 vs 0.79-0.96, respectively), and the specificities (true-negative rate) showed a larger range with lower minimum values (range: 0.18-1.0 vs 0.62-0.97, respectively). The sensitivities of new models developed combining INRAE and FARM data ranged from 0.63 to 0.77. Models involving blood cholesterol, β-hydroxybutyrate, haptoglobin, milk and blood urea, and models involving milk fat/protein ratio, dietary starch proportion, and milk fatty acids had the highest performances, whereas models including sieved faecal residues and urine pH had the lowest. Enriching models to three indicators per model improved sensitivity and specificity, but the inclusion of more indicators was less or not effective. Larger field trials are required to validate our results and to increase variability and validity domain of models.
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Combinations of non-invasive indicators to detect dairy cows submitted to high-starch-diet challenge. Animal 2020; 14:388-398. [PMID: 31311612 PMCID: PMC6974427 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731119001629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
High-starch diets (HSDs) fed to high-producing ruminants are often responsible for rumen dysfunction and could impair animal health and production. Feeding HSDs are often characterized by transient rumen pH depression, accurate monitoring of which requires costly or invasive methods. Numerous clinical signs can be followed to monitor such diet changes but no specific indicator is able to make a statement at animal level on-farm. The aim of this pilot study was to assess a combination of non-invasive indicators in dairy cows able to monitor a HSD in experimental conditions. A longitudinal study was conducted in 11 primiparous dairy cows fed with two different diets during three successive periods: a 4-week control period (P1) with a low-starch diet (LSD; 13% starch), a 4-week period with an HSD (P2, 35% starch) and a 3-week recovery period (P3) again with the LSD. Animal behaviour was monitored throughout the experiment, and faeces, urine, saliva, milk and blood were sampled simultaneously in each animal at least once a week for analysis. A total of 136 variables were screened by successive statistical approaches including: partial least squares-discriminant analysis, multivariate analysis and mixed-effect models. Finally, 16 indicators were selected as the most representative of a HSD challenge. A generalized linear mixed model analysis was applied to highlight parsimonious combinations of indicators able to identify animals under our experimental conditions. Eighteen models were established and the combination of milk urea nitrogen, blood bicarbonate and feed intake was the best to detect the different periods of the challenge with both 100% of specificity and sensitivity. Other indicators such as the number of drinking acts, fat:protein ratio in milk, urine, and faecal pH, were the most frequently used in the proposed models. Finally, the established models highlight the necessity for animals to have more than 1 week of recovery diet to return to their initial control state after a HSD challenge. This pilot study demonstrates the interest of using combinations of non-invasive indicators to monitor feed changes from a LSD to a HSD to dairy cows in order to improve prevention of rumen dysfunction on-farm. However, the adjustment and robustness of the proposed combinations of indicators need to be challenged using a greater number of animals as well as different acidogenic conditions before being applied on-farm.
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Effects of bacterial direct-fed microbials on ruminal characteristics, methane emission, and milk fatty acid composition in cows fed high- or low-starch diets. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:2637-2650. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bioavailability of aflatoxin B 1 and ochratoxin A, but not fumonisin B 1 or deoxynivalenol, is increased in starch-induced low ruminal pH in nonlactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:9759-9767. [PMID: 27771083 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
High-production dairy and beef systems require diets rich in starch. This practice may induce ruminal acidosis and also increase exposure to mycotoxins because starches in starch-rich diets are the main vehicles of mycotoxin contamination. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low ruminal pH on the bioavailability of 4 major mycotoxins [i.e., aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), and fumonisin B1 (FB1)]. Eight nonlactating dairy cows fitted with rumen cannulas were used in a double crossover experiment. The trial was divided into 4 periods with 2 periods per crossover. Cows were divided into 2 groups receiving a low (15% dry matter basis) and high-starch diet (30.8%) with and without live yeast supplementation (1×1010 cfu per cow) in the first and second crossover, respectively. At the end of each period, cows received a single dose of mycotoxin-contaminated feed containing 0.05, 0.2, 0.24, and 0.56mg of AFB1, OTA, DON, and FB1 per kg of feed, respectively. The fecal and urinary excretion of mycotoxins and their metabolites was monitored for up to 48h postdosing. As expected, ruminal pH decreased in cows fed the high-starch diet. The high-starch diet increased the bioavailability of OTA and AFB1. Urinary excretion of OTA 24h after mycotoxin administration increased 3-fold in the high-starch diet, correlated with lower fecal excretion. Similarly, a decrease in fecal excretion of AFB1 was accompanied by an increase in urinary excretion of its major metabolite, aflatoxin M1, 48h after mycotoxin administration. In contrast to AFB1 and OTA, the bioavailability of DON and FB1 remained unchanged. Yeast supplementation had no effect on the excretion balance of these 2 mycotoxins. In conclusion, these results show that high-starch diets increased the bioavailability of OTA and AFB1, most probably through the lowering effect on ruminal pH. This greater bioavailability potentially increases the toxic effects of these mycotoxins.
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to test the effect of linseed oil and nitrate fed alone or in combination on methane (CH4) emissions and diet digestibility in cows. The experiment was conducted as a 2 × 2 factorial design using 4 multiparous nonlactating Holstein cows (initial BW 656 ± 31 kg). Each experimental period lasted 5 wk, with measures performed in the final 3 wk (wk 3 to 5). Diets given on a DM basis were 1) control (CON; 50% natural grassland hay and 50% concentrate), 2) CON with 4% linseed oil (LIN), 3) CON with 3% calcium nitrate (NIT), and 4) CON with 4% linseed oil plus 3% calcium nitrate (LIN+NIT). Diets were offered twice daily and were formulated to deliver similar amounts (DM basis) of CP (12.2%), starch (25.5%), and NDF (39.5%). Feed offer was restricted to 90% of voluntary intake (12.4 kg DMI/d). Total tract digestibility and N balance were determined from total feces and urine collected separately for 6 d during wk 4. Daily CH4 emissions were quantified using open chambers for 4 d during wk 5. Rumen fermentation and microbial parameters were analyzed from samples taken before and 3 h after the morning feeding. Rumen concentrations of dissolved hydrogen (H2) were measured continuously up to 6 h after feeding using a H2 sensor. Compared with the CON diet linseed oil and nitrate decreased (P < 0.01) CH4 emissions (g/kg DMI) by 17 and 22%, respectively, when fed alone and by 32% when combined. The LIN diet reduced CH4 production throughout the day, increased (P = 0.02) propionate proportion, and decreased (P = 0.03) ruminal protozoa concentration compared with CON diet. The NIT diet strongly reduced CH4 production 3 h after feeding, with a simultaneous increase in rumen dissolved H2 concentration, suggesting that nitrate does not act only as an electron acceptor. As a combined effect, linseed plus nitrate also increased H2 concentrations in the rumen. Diets had no effect (P > 0.05) on total tract digestibility of nutrients, except linseed oil, which tended to reduce (P < 0.10) fiber digestibility. Nitrogen balance (% of N intake) was positive for all diets but retention was less (P = 0.03) with linseed oil. This study demonstrates an additive effect between nitrate and linseed oil for reducing methanogenesis in cows without altering diet digestibility.
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Impact of rumen emptying on rumen fermentation and animal welfare in cannulated sheep. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/an14204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Emptying the rumen of animals fitted with rumen cannulas is a regularly used experimental technique. This study in sheep aimed to evaluate whether total rumen emptying (TRE) results in disturbances in digestive parameters such as rumen pH, fermentation and microbial ecosystem, and whether it affects animal welfare. Eight adult wethers from two breeds offered hay and water ad libitum were rumen-emptied manually. Ruminal parameters were assessed 2 days before and 7 days after TRE. Welfare was assessed by measuring behavioural and cardiac responses to TRE involving human handling. Behavioural and cardiac measurements were performed (i) 2 h before, (ii) during and (iii) 2 h after the rumen emptying–filling session on wethers exposed to the same TRE operator. Results showed that TRE did not affect most of the digestive parameters analysed (ruminal pH, bacteria, methanogens) but did modify Dasytricha population and volatile fatty acid concentrations. Likewise, rumen emptying did not alter most behavioural and cardiac parameters, and we found no TRE-related change in fear reactions to the operator.
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Amylase addition increases starch ruminal digestion in first-lactation cows fed high and low starch diets. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:2319-28. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Modification of activities of the ruminal ecosystem and its bacterial and protozoan composition during repeated dietary changes in cows1. J Anim Sci 2012; 90:4431-40. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Soy isoflavones and cardiovascular disease epidemiological, clinical and -omics perspectives. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2012; 13:624-31. [PMID: 22122477 DOI: 10.2174/138920112799857585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2010] [Revised: 12/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates are lower in Asian countries where dietary patterns are very different from Western diet. A number of studies have linked these lower rates to the inclusion of soy products as a staple food in those countries. Soy is the richest dietary source of isoflavones, a type of phytoestrogen associated with many potentially beneficial effects. Isoflavone-containing soy protein consumption has been linked to reduced levels of LDL cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic patients. This effect is increased with the concomitant administration of isoflavones, and seems to be also complemented by the isoflavone capacity to restore the endothelial function in patients with weak and moderated endothelial dysfunction. The effects are variable depending on individuals� � � metabolism and in particular to their ability to convert daidzein to equol that seems to be restricted to approximately 1/3 of the population. Equol production has been indeed linked to a decreased arterial stiffness and antiatherosclerotic effects via NO production. Because the relevance of isoflavones consumption on the modulation of cardiovascular risk still remains unclear, this paper aims to review the existing knowledge on the biological activity of the isoflavones on the human cardiovascular system from an epidemiological, clinical and -omics point of view.
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Random changes in the heifer rumen in bacterial community structure, physico-chemical and fermentation parameters, and in vitro fiber degradation. Livest Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2011.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Experimental feed induction of ruminal lactic, propionic, or butyric acidosis in sheep1. J Anim Sci 2010; 88:3041-6. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-2926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Effects of Bovine Anterior Hypophyseal Extract on Urinary Bladder Transplants in Young Dogs. Including Some Observations on its Effects on Endochondral Ossification. Ann Surg 2007; 120:680-8. [PMID: 17858520 PMCID: PMC1618194 DOI: 10.1097/00000658-194410000-00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Flavanone metabolism in healthy and tumor-bearing rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2006; 60:529-35. [PMID: 16952436 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2006.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2006] [Accepted: 07/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavanones, the main polyphenols of citrus fruits, are thought to contribute to the protective effects of these fruits against cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The metabolism of naringin (naringenin 7-O-neohesperidoside) is studied here in healthy (sham-operated, ShO) and tumor-bearing (TuB) rats. The tumor was induced by implanting Yoshida's sarcoma in hindlimb. Both groups received for 7 days a semi-synthetic diet containing 0.5% naringin in per feeding conditions. Flavanones were analyzed in plasma, liver, kidney and urine by tandem mass spectrometry. Naringenin conjugates (essentially glucuronides) accounted for up to 98% of the total flavanones in plasma. Low amounts of hesperetin (4'-O-methyl naringénine) and isosakuranetin (3'-hydroxy-4'-O-methylnaringenin) were also detected in all biological samples and accounted for 2% of the total flavanones in plasma. They were largely present as aglycones. The in vivo hydroxylation of flavanones is described here for the first time. Total concentrations of naringenin metabolites reached 17.3+/-2.7 microM in plasma 6 hours after the beginning of the meal in healthy rats and only 10.6+/-1.3 microM in TuB rats. The nature of metabolites was similar in both healthy and TuB rats and in plasma, tissues and urine. The lower concentration of flavanones in the TuB rats suggests that disease and more particularly cancer, may affect the bioavailability of flavonoids.
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The bioavailability of polyphenols is highly governed by the capacity of the intestine and of the liver to secrete conjugated metabolites. Eur J Nutr 2005; 45:88-96. [PMID: 15981077 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-005-0568-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2005] [Accepted: 05/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After ingestion of a complex meal containing foods and beverages of plant origin, different polyphenols are likely to be simultaneously present in the intestine. However, almost nothing is known about their interactions and possible consequences on their bioavailability. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study deals with the intestinal absorption and splanchnic metabolism of three polyphenols, genistein, hesperetin and ferulic acid (FA),when perfused in the small intestine alone or in combination, at different doses (15 and 120 microM). METHODS The fate of polyphenols in the small intestine was studied using a rat in situ intestinal perfusion model. Polyphenols were analysed in perfusate, bile and plasma by HPLC. RESULTS Whatever the perfused dose, the efficiency of the net transfer towards the enterocyte was similar for the three polyphenols and not significantly modified by any association between these molecules. However, FA largely differed from the two flavonoids by its low intestinal secretion of conjugates. When perfused at 15 microM, the secretion of conjugates back to the lumen represented 6.2% of the net transfer into the enterocytes for FA compared to 25.5 and 20 % for genistein and hesperetin respectively. Intestinal conjugation and secretion of conjugates back to the gut lumen varied with the dose of flavonoids: saturation of conjugation was observed for the highest dose or when a high dose of a second flavonoid was perfused simultaneously. Intensity of the biliary secretion substantially differed among tested polyphenols: 7.7% of the net transfer for FA vs 50% for genistein or hesperetin. The extent of the enterohepatic cycling of these polyphenols was proportional to the perfused dose and unaffected by the simultaneous presence of different compounds in the intestine. CONCLUSION Genistein and hesperetin appeared less available than FA for peripheral tissues because of a high intestinal and biliary secretion of their conjugates. Moreover, data suggest that a high polyphenol intake may improve their bioavailability due to saturation of the intestinal secretion of conjugates.
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Making health reform work: the view from the states. Essay review. JOURNAL OF HEALTH POLITICS, POLICY AND LAW 1995; 20:1064-1068. [PMID: 8770765 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-20-4-1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Political perspectives on uncertified home care agencies. HEALTH CARE FINANCING REVIEW 1994; 16:223-45. [PMID: 10140155 PMCID: PMC4193482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This article examines the political agendas of public sector and organized private sector interests concerned with policies affecting uncertified home care agencies in three metropolitan areas. Using a telephone survey, the study found substantial differences across these groups in both the frequency with which they work on given issues and in some key attitudes. Overall, respondents were most likely to work on policies related to home care quality, and had particularly diverse--and at times conflicting--concerns in this area. Policymakers need to actively solicit the diverse attitudes of key interest groups towards controversial issues in order to understand less dominant perspectives, keep in mind the interconnection of policy issues, and arrive at politically viable solutions to home care policy problems.
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Measurement of protein activator levels in experimental diabetic rat adipose tissue. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1979; 86:379-86. [PMID: 218569 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(79)90876-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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19
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Age-linked modification of the effect of estrogen on joints and cortical bone of female mice. GERONTOLOGIA 1970; 16:201-11. [PMID: 5482369 DOI: 10.1159/000211772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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20
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Effect of castration and intermittent administration of estrogen on knee joints and femoral shafts of mice. PATHOLOGIA ET MICROBIOLOGIA 1969; 33:274-86. [PMID: 5372697 DOI: 10.1159/000162115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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21
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Effects of fasting and refeeding on the ultrastructure of articular cartilage. PATHOLOGIA ET MICROBIOLOGIA 1967; 30:283-302. [PMID: 6031313 DOI: 10.1159/000161667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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22
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Fine structure of articular cartilage in mice receiving cortisone acetate. ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY 1966; 82:569-82. [PMID: 5922672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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23
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Articular cartilage of dwarf mice: light and electronmicroscopic studies. ACTA ANATOMICA 1966; 65:275-98. [PMID: 5965968 DOI: 10.1159/000142876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Articular cartilage of dwarf mice: submicroscopic effects of somatotrophin. PATHOLOGIA ET MICROBIOLOGIA 1966; 29:137-55. [PMID: 5326901 DOI: 10.1159/000161895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Modifying effect of linoleic acid on articular aging and osteoarthrosis in lard-fed mice. GERONTOLOGIA 1965; 11:179-87. [PMID: 5865221 DOI: 10.1159/000211491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Effect of 17-ethyl-19-nortestosterone on Articular Aging and Osteoarthrosis in Orchiectomized Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1961. [DOI: 10.1093/geronj/16.1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Skeletal Changes Caused by the Combined Administration of Thyroxin and Estrogen. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1946; 22:1033-1045. [PMID: 19970898 PMCID: PMC1934230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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29
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The Effects of 3,4 Benzpyrene on Wound Repair in the Skin of Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1944; 20:809-822. [PMID: 19970780 PMCID: PMC2033164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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30
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Effects of Potassium Iodide on the Skeletal Tissues of Growing Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1944; 20:329-339. [PMID: 19970758 PMCID: PMC2033169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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31
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The Effects of Parathyroid Hormone and Calcium Gluconate on the Skeletal Tissues of Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1943; 19:839-859. [PMID: 19970723 PMCID: PMC2033101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Effects of the "Growth Hormone" of the Anterior Hypophysis (Antuitrin G) on the Skeleton of Mice and Guinea Pigs. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1942; 18:1141-1157. [PMID: 19970670 PMCID: PMC2032979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Effects of syngenesiotransplants and of extracts of the anterior lobe of the bovine hypophysis on the age changes in the long bones and joints of mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1941; 17:189-210.5. [PMID: 19970553 PMCID: PMC1965190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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The effect of thyroidectomy and administration of anterior pituitary extract of cattle on the growth of cartilage and bone of immature guinea pigs. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1940; 16:505-524.3. [PMID: 19970520 PMCID: PMC1965098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Effects of ovariectomy and long continued administration of anterior pituitary extract of cattle on skeletal tissues of immature guinea pigs. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1940; 16:491-504.5. [PMID: 19970519 PMCID: PMC1965105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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36
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A comparison of the effects of anterior pituitary hormone on skeletal tissues of young and mature guinea pigs. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1939; 15:547-560.7. [PMID: 19970471 PMCID: PMC1965057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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37
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Growth processes in cartilage and bone subsequent to gonadectomy and administration of anterior pituitary extract of cattle in immature male and female guinea pigs. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1939; 15:55-72.7. [PMID: 19970433 PMCID: PMC1965015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Recent Investigations on the Effect of So-called Anti-Inflammatory Substances. CANADIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION JOURNAL 1935; 33:418-421. [PMID: 20320038 PMCID: PMC1561457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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39
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Wandlungen und Fortschritte in der Lehre von der Entzündung. J Mol Med (Berl) 1932. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01757568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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