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PO-1156 Effectiveness of 6D couch with daily imaging for reducing PTV margins for Glioblastoma Multiforme. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03120-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Identification of plant beneficial Bacillus spp. for Resilient agricultural ecosystem. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2021; 2:100046. [PMID: 34841337 PMCID: PMC8610352 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant beneficial microbes from rhizosphere soils in cauliflower fields were characterized for plants beneficial attributes such as phosphorus solubilization, siderophore, chitinase and protease activity, and indole acetic acid type of growth regulator. The antagonistic behavior of these isolates against fusarium oxysporum and sclerotinia sclerotiorum revealed their potential in combating the biotic stresses.
The use of synthetic pesticides and chemicals to continuously increase agricultural productivity is causing severe damage to our ecosystem. Therefore, there is need to enhance our understanding about the factors which can contribute to soil processes and play key role in developing sustainable agricultural ecosystem. In this context, the bacteria from cauliflower rhizosphere were isolated and characterized for different plants beneficial attributes. The relationship of soil bacteria and its elemental composition was examined using canonical correspondence analysis. The elemental composition analysis of soil samples revealed presence of Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Fe and their oxides. In addition, the isolates were found positive for phosphorus solubilization, siderophore, chitinase and protease activity, and indole acetic acid type of growth regulator. The direct confrontation assay revealed antagonistic behavior of these isolates against Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The promising isolates were identified and affiliated to closely related species of genus Bacillus in phylogenetic relationship. The canonical correspondence analysis revealed distribution of elements and their relationship with the identified species in particular area. The characteristics of these isolates revealed their potential in alleviating the biotic and abiotic stresses and hence enhancing crops yield without the usage of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. The present study is first of its kind and will open new avenues to explore microbial community structure across different farmlands soils to develop resilience agricultural ecosystem.
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Easy and cost-efficient method for tumour localization in patients with breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by breast conservation therapy. Br J Surg 2021; 108:e303-e304. [PMID: 34136897 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This article describes placement of a radio-opaque clip for tumour localization to facilitate resection in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by breast conservation therapy. Use of a radio-opaque marker made of stainless steel K-wire and use of a Trucut® needle with a blunt stylet for wire placement in the breast tumour bed is a safe, indigenous, and cost-effective method for tumour localization.
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Prevalence of TEM, SHV, and CTX-M Beta-Lactamase genes in the urinary isolates of a tertiary care hospital. Avicenna J Med 2021; 7:12-16. [PMID: 28182026 PMCID: PMC5255976 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0770.197508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are the major cause of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins, and monobactams. They are derived from the narrow-spectrum beta-lactamases (TEM-1, TEM-2, or SHV-1) by mutations that alter the amino acid configuration around the enzyme active site. Aim: To determine the prevalence of ESBL (blaTEM, blaCTX-M, and blaSHV) genes among the members of Enterobacteriaceae. Methodology: The present prospective study was carried out from January 2015 to June 2015 in the Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine of a Teaching Tertiary Care Hospital. A total of 526 urine samples were studied. Seventy-eight isolates were subjected to polymerase chain reaction for detection of ESBL genes. Results: In our study, ESBL genes were detected among 18 (45%) phenotypically confirmed ESBL producers and 20 (52.5%) phenotypically confirmed non-ESBL producers. The gene that predominated was blaTEM (48.7%), followed by blaCTX-M (7.6%) and blaSHV (5.1%). Conclusion: Definitive identification of ESBL genes is only possible by molecular detection methods. Phenotypic tests need to be evaluated periodically as their performance may change with the introduction of new enzymes.
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Relationship of Imported Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Integument Coloration to Cuticular Hydrocarbon and Venom Alkaloid Profiles. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 50:317-323. [PMID: 33492353 PMCID: PMC8064300 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvaa184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta Buren; RIFA) and black imported fire ant (Solenopsis richteri Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae); BIFA) are considered distinct species with introgression via a reproductively functional hybrid (HIFA). The RIFA and BIFA common names are based on relative coloration. Due to human color perception variation, using color to identify RIFA, BIFA or HIFA is challenging. Fire ant identification traditionally involves molecular or chemical techniques, but a colorimetric test could allow rapid and low-cost identification. In this study, ant integument coloration was measured by spectrophotometer, and color attributes were compared to a combined gas chromatography (GC) index derived from cuticular hydrocarbon and venom alkaloid indices. Significant Pearson Correlation coefficients were found for colony GC index versus color attributes red to green (a*), blue to yellow (b*), chroma (C*), and hue (h*), but not lightness (L*). The RIFA colonies were distinct from BIFA for four of five color attributes and plots of the a*b* and C*h* horizontal axis of the L*a*b* and L*C*h* color spaces. Color attributes for HIFA indices were not distinct from BIFA and RIFA parental species, but HIFA a*b* and C*h* plots were distinct from RIFA and a*b* plots from BIFA. Color attributes a*, b*, and C* increased and h* decreased with GC index in a sinusoidal pattern. In conclusion, most RIFA and BIFA color attributes were distinct and a*b* and C*h* color axes plots had potential to distinguish HIFA from parental species, but coloration of HIFA indices was variable and complicated identifications among HIFA phenotypes, RIFA and BIFA.
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Molecular and Genetic Characterization of Natural Variants of HIV-1 Nef Gene from North India and its Functional Implication in Down-Regulation of MHC-I and CD-4. Curr HIV Res 2021; 19:172-187. [PMID: 32981506 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x18666200925160755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV-1 Nef is an important accessory protein with multiple effector functions. Genetic studies of the HIV-1 Nef gene show extensive genetic diversity and the functional studies have been carried out mostly with Nef derived from regions dominated by subtype B (North America & Europe). OBJECTIVE This study was carried out to characterize genetic variations of the Nef gene from HIV-1 infected individuals from North India and to find out their functional implications. METHODS The unique representative variants were sub-cloned in a eukaryotic expression vector and further characterized with respect to their ability to downregulate cell surface expression of CD4 and MHC-1 molecules. RESULTS The phylogenetic analysis of Nef variants revealed sequence similarity with either consensus subtype B or B/C recombinants. Boot scan analysis of some of our variants showed homology to B/C recombinant and some to wild type Nef B. Extensive variations were observed in most of the variants. The dN/dS ratio revealed 80% purifying selection and 20% diversifying selection implying the importance of mutations in Nef variants. Intracellular stability of Nef variants differed greatly when compared with wild type Nef B and C. There were some variants that possessed mutations in the functional domains of Nef and responsible for its differential CD4 and MHC-1 downregulation activity. CONCLUSION We observed enhanced biological activities in some of the variants, perhaps arising from amino acid substitutions in their functional domains. The CD4 and MHC-1 down-regulation activity of Nef is likely to confer immense survival advantage allowing the most rare genotype in a population to become the most abundant after a single selection event.
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Improving Access of Advance Directives in a Skilled Nursing Facility. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2021; 22:B14. [PMID: 34287154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2021.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Retrospective Analysis of Risk Factors for Conversion of Laparoscopic to Open Cholecystectomy in 532 Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.5455/ijsm.riskfactorsforconversionoflaparoscopictoopencholecystectomyin532patients] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Increased tracheostomy rates in head and neck cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 50:989-993. [PMID: 33358522 PMCID: PMC7834335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Surgical practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed significantly, without supporting data. With increasing experience, a dichotomy of practice is emerging, challenging existing consensus guidelines. One such practice is elective tracheostomy. Here, we share our initial experience of head and neck cancer surgery in a COVID-19 tertiary care centre, emphasizing the evolved protocol of perioperative care when compared to pre-COVID-19 times. This was a prospective study of 21 patients with head and neck cancers undergoing surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to 193 historical controls. Changes in anaesthesia, surgery, and operating room practices were evaluated. A strict protocol was followed. One patient tested positive for COVID-19 preoperatively. There was a significant increase in pre-induction tracheostomies (28.6% vs 6.7%, P = 0.005), median hospital stay (10 vs 7 days, P = 0.001), and postponements of surgery (57.1% vs 27.5%, P = 0.01), along with a significant decrease in flap reconstructions (33.3% vs 59.6%, P = 0.03). There was no mortality and no difference in postoperative morbidity. No healthcare personnel became symptomatic for COVID-19 during this period. Tracheostomy is safe during the COVID-19 pandemic and rates have increased. Despite increased rescheduling of surgeries and longer hospital stays, definitive cancer care surgery has not been deferred and maximum patient and healthcare worker safety has been ensured.
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Transcriptional responses of toxigenic and atoxigenic isolates of Aspergillus flavus to oxidative stress in aflatoxin-conducive and non-conducive media. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2020. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2020.2566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin production by isolates of Aspergillus flavus varies, ranging from highly toxigenic to completely atoxigenic. Several mechanisms have been identified which regulate aflatoxin production including medium carbon source and oxidative stress. In recent studies, aflatoxin production has been implicated in partially ameliorating oxidative stress in A. flavus. To better understand the role of aflatoxin production in oxidative stress responses, a selection of toxigenic and atoxigenic isolates of A. flavus with moderate to high oxidative stress tolerance were exposed to increasing concentrations of H2O2 in both aflatoxin-conducive and non-conducive media. Mycelial mats were collected for global transcriptome sequencing followed by differential expression, functional prediction, and weighted co-expression analyses. Oxidative stress and medium carbon source had a significant effect on the expression of several secondary metabolite gene clusters including those for aflatoxin, aflatrem, aflavarin, cyclopiazonic acid, and kojic acid. Atoxigenic biological control isolates showed less differential expression under stress than other atoxigenic isolates suggesting expression profiles may be useful in screening. Increasing stress also resulted in regulation of SakA/Hog1 and MpkA MAP kinase signalling pathways pointing to their potential roles in regulating oxidative stress responses. Their expression was also influenced by medium carbon source. These results suggest that aflatoxin production along with that of other mycotoxins may occur as part of a concerted coping mechanism for oxidative stress and its effects in the environment. This mechanism is also regulated by availability of simple sugars and glycolytic compounds for their biosynthesis.
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Transcriptional responses of toxigenic and atoxigenic isolates of Aspergillus flavus to oxidative stress in aflatoxin-conducive and non-conducive media. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2020. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2020.test2566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin production by isolates of Aspergillus flavus varies, ranging from highly toxigenic to completely atoxigenic. Several mechanisms have been identified which regulate aflatoxin production including medium carbon source and oxidative stress. In recent studies, aflatoxin production has been implicated in partially ameliorating oxidative stress in A. flavus. To better understand the role of aflatoxin production in oxidative stress responses, a selection of toxigenic and atoxigenic isolates of A. flavus with moderate to high oxidative stress tolerance were exposed to increasing concentrations of H2O2 in both aflatoxin-conducive and non-conducive media. Mycelial mats were collected for global transcriptome sequencing followed by differential expression, functional prediction, and weighted co-expression analyses. Oxidative stress and medium carbon source had a significant effect on the expression of several secondary metabolite gene clusters including those for aflatoxin, aflatrem, aflavarin, cyclopiazonic acid, and kojic acid. Atoxigenic biological control isolates showed less differential expression under stress than other atoxigenic isolates suggesting expression profiles may be useful in screening. Increasing stress also resulted in regulation of SakA/Hog1 and MpkA MAP kinase signalling pathways pointing to their potential roles in regulating oxidative stress responses. Their expression was also influenced by medium carbon source. These results suggest that aflatoxin production along with that of other mycotoxins may occur as part of a concerted coping mechanism for oxidative stress and its effects in the environment. This mechanism is also regulated by availability of simple sugars and glycolytic compounds for their biosynthesis.
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AB0713 PERIODONTAL DISEASES AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS/SPA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:A close association between periodontal disease and Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has long been specualted. Both diseases are characterized by dysregulation of the host inflammatory response, leading to further destruction of soft and hard connective tissue with there being evidence of increased levels of TNF-α and various interleukins in both patients of AS and periodontitis.Objectives:The aim of this systematic review was to appraise the available literature exploring the relationship between AS and periodontal disease.Methods:We searched Medline & Embase databases (from their inception till October 2019) using appropriate combinations of following search items with limits ‘(English, Human)’; Ankylosing spondylitis, spondyloarthritis, spondyloarthropathies, spondyloarthritides, spinal disease, musculoskeletal disease, Rheumatic disease AND periodontitis, periodontal disease, periodontoses, parodontoses, chronic periodontitis, gum disease, gingivitis, oral health, dental health, plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss. This search was supplemented by the manual search of bibliographies of articles selected and conferences proceedings of EULAR. Only be reviews, observational study of cross-sectional, cohort or case control type on adult patients with AS were selected. Data was extracted from a predesigned proforma. A close association between periodontal disease and Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has long been specualted. Both diseases are characterized by dysregulation of the host inflammatory response, leading to further destruction of soft and hard connective tissue with there being evidence of increased levels of TNF-α and various interleukins in both patients of AS and periodontitis.Results:A total number of 984 articles were identified and 12 were selcted for detailed appraisal (Figure 1, PRISMA flow chart). They were all case control studies. The prevalence of periodontitis ranged from 38% to 88% in patients with AS whereas in the control group from 26% to 71 % in controls. Out of 12 studies, two showed significant changes in Plaque Index (PI), two studies showed altered Pocket Probing Depth (PPD), three showed significant increased in Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL) and increased Bleeding On Probing (BOP) was seen in 2 studies. In 7 studies, periodontitis was seen in a significant number of patients with AS (P<0.05). All studies reported that the prevalence of periodontal disease in AS patients was higher as compared to non-AS patients.Conclusion:Our systematic review found an association between AS and periodontal disease. Patients with AS show higher prevalence of periodontitis and a poor oral hygiene as compared to healthy controls. At practice level, this systematic review underscores the need for a collaboration between dentists and rheumatologist.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Single Institutional Experience with Tumor-Treating Field Compliance and Overall Survival in Patients with Primary Glioblastoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.2306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Worker Size, Geographical Distribution, and Introgressive Hybridization of Invasive Solenopsis invicta and Solenopsis richteri (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Tennessee. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 48:727-732. [PMID: 30916749 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvz023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Worker size and geographical distribution of red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta Buren), black imported fire ants (Solenopsis richteri Forel), and their hybrid (S. invicta × S. richteri) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) were evaluated from colonies sampled across Tennessee. The fire ant species and hybrid status were determined using cuticular hydrocarbon and venom alkaloid indices obtained from gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Hybrids were the most common fire ant throughout Tennessee. With the exception of a few isolated S. invicta samples, only hybrids were found in east Tennessee, and hybrids predominated in middle Tennessee. In west Tennessee, mixed populations of S. richteri and hybrids were found. Hybrids were more common in west Tennessee than a survey performed a decade earlier. No statistical differences were detected in the average inter-colonial worker size of S. richteri and hybrids. Likewise, average worker size was not related to geographic location in Tennessee. The similarity in average worker size among hybrid colonies with a wide range of cuticular hydrocarbon and venom alkaloid values suggests introgression was not impacting ant size in colonies sampled throughout Tennessee.
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PO-389 Epigenomic and mutation determinants of carcinogen-driven primary epithelial cell immortalization. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Salt responsive physiological, photosynthetic and biochemical attributes at early seedling stage for screening soybean genotypes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 118:519-528. [PMID: 28772255 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress affects all the stages of plant growth however seed germination and early seedling growth phases are more sensitive and can be used for screening of crop germplasm. In this study, we aimed to find the most effective indicators of salt tolerance for screening ten genotypes of soybean (SL-295, Gujosoya-2, PS-1042, PK-1029, ADT-1, RKS-18, KDS-344, MAUS-47, Bragg and PK-416). The principal component analysis (PCA) resulted in the formation of three different clusters, salt sensitive (SL-295, Gujosoya-2, PS-1042 and ADT-1), salt tolerant (MAUS-47, Bragg and PK-416) and moderately tolerant/sensitive (RKS-18, PK-1029 and KDS-344) suggesting that there was considerable genetic variability for salt tolerance in the soybean genotypes. Subsequently, genotypes contrasting in salt tolerance were analyzed for their physiological traits, photosynthetic efficiency and mitochondrial respiration at seedling and early germination stages under different salt (NaCl) treatments. It was found that salt mediated increase in AOX-respiration, root and shoot K+/Na+ ratio, improved leaf area and water use efficiency were the key determinants of salinity tolerance, which could modulate the net photosynthesis (carbon assimilation) and growth parameters (carbon allocation). The results suggest that these biomarkers could be can be useful for screening soybean genotypes for salt tolerance.
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Understanding and modeling of the vertical downward migration of 238U within the soil profile of south-western (SW) Punjab, India. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4549-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Macroscopic technique for the evaluation of oral tongue tumour thickness: a reliable intraoperative method. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 45:933-7. [PMID: 27034158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
There is no reliable method to assess tumour thickness preoperatively or intraoperatively in cases of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a macroscopic technique to measure tumour thickness. This was a prospective study of 51 consecutive patients with T1/T2 primary SCC of the oral tongue. All patients underwent primary resection with ipsilateral neck dissection. Thickness measurements were obtained using Vernier calipers on the fresh specimen. The technique was correlated with the microscopic evaluation statistically using (1) Pearson's correlation coefficient, (2) intra-class correlation, and (3) Bland-Altman plot with 95% confidence intervals. On comparing the macroscopic technique to the microscopic evaluation, Pearson's correlation (r) was 0.915 (P<0.001). The inter-rater reliability using the intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.955. The Bland-Altman plot to test the agreement between the techniques showed the average difference between macroscopic thickness and microscopic thickness (bias) to be -0.421, with 95% limits of agreement of -3.166 and 2.82. There was a significant correlation and agreement between the macroscopic and microscopic measures of tumour thickness. The macroscopic technique could be used as a reliable tool to measure tumour thickness intraoperatively, prior to neck dissection.
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Abstract P5-03-03: Designing a novel platinum chemotherapeutic (IO-125) for treatment of breast cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p5-03-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of cancer occurring in 15-20% of breast cancer patients, with most patients relapsing on currently approved therapy. Recent studies have shown activity of platinum chemotherapy in this class of patients. IO-125 is a novel platinum (II) chemotherapeutic agent with an unique coordination environment. In this study, we investigated the anti-tumor activity of IO-125 in pre-clinical models of TNBC.
The coordination environment in IO-125 facilitates supramolecular assembly and releases diaminocyclohexane (DACH)-platinum in a sustained pH-dependent manner. In vitro cell viability studies using an array of breast cancer cell lines shows IO-125 exerts increased potency compared to carboplatin or oxaliplatin. The maximum tolerated (platinum-equivalent) dose (MTD) of IO-125 in mice was 8-fold higher than the MTD (platinum-equivalent) dose of oxaliplatin. The biodistribution and pharmacokinetic profile of IO-125 in plasma and tumor revealed preferential tumor accumulation, significantly increased area-under-the-curve (AUC), a reduction in clearance (CL) and a longer terminal half-life (42 hours) in comparison to oxaliplatin (18 hours). In addition, DNA-Pt adduct formation in tumors was significantly higher for IO-125. When administered at their respective MTDs, IO-125 led to sustained regression of the tumor in a 4T1 syngeneic breast cancer model. Based on these observations, we conclude that IO-125 may emerge as a novel therapeutic against triple negative breast cancer.
Citation Format: Sengupta A, Roy M, Sarkar A, Mylavarapu S, Modi S, Gupta N, B H, Hossain S, Ansari A, Pandey M, Yadav Y, Sengupta S. Designing a novel platinum chemotherapeutic (IO-125) for treatment of breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-03-03.
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Homology and enzymatic requirements of microhomology-dependent alternative end joining. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1697. [PMID: 25789972 PMCID: PMC4385936 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Nonhomologous DNA end joining (NHEJ) is one of the major double-strand break (DSB) repair pathways in higher eukaryotes. Recently, it has been shown that alternative NHEJ (A-NHEJ) occurs in the absence of classical NHEJ and is implicated in chromosomal translocations leading to cancer. In the present study, we have developed a novel biochemical assay system utilizing DSBs flanked by varying lengths of microhomology to study microhomology-mediated alternative end joining (MMEJ). We show that MMEJ can operate in normal cells, when microhomology is present, irrespective of occurrence of robust classical NHEJ. Length of the microhomology determines the efficiency of MMEJ, 5 nt being obligatory. Using this biochemical approach, we show that products obtained are due to MMEJ, which is dependent on MRE11, NBS1, LIGASE III, XRCC1, FEN1 and PARP1. Thus, we define the enzymatic machinery and microhomology requirements of alternative NHEJ using a well-defined biochemical system.
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Novel mutational profiles in relapsed/refractory advanced cancer patients' pre- and post-targeted therapy. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv097.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Nutrient Mass Balances and Leaching Losses from a Farmyard Manure Pit in Madhya Pradesh. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-0228.2015.00008.0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Profilin-2 increased expression and its altered interaction with β-actin in the striatum of 3-nitropropionic acid-induced Huntington’s disease in rats. Neuroscience 2014; 281:216-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Preinduction incentive spirometry versus deep breathing to improve apnea tolerance during induction of anesthesia in patients of abdominal sepsis: A randomized trial. J Postgrad Med 2014; 59:275-80. [PMID: 24346384 DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.123154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal sepsis is associated with varied degree of hypoxemia and atelactasis in the lung and can enhance the onset of desaturation of arterial blood during apnea. AIMS This study looked at methods to improve safety margin of apnea during induction of anesthesia in these high-risk patients. SETTINGS AND DESIGN It was a randomized, single blind study on adult patients presenting for emergency laparotomy due to peritonitis in a university teaching hospital setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS In group 1 (IS) (n = 32), three sessions of incentive spirometry (IS) were performed within one hour before induction of anesthesia. In group 2 (DB) (n = 34), patients were subjected to deep breathing sessions in a similar manner. All patients received preoxygenation (100%) by mask for 3 min, followed by rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia using fentanyl, thiopental, and suxamethonium and endotracheal intubation. Patients were subjected to a period of apnea by keeping the end of the endotracheal tube open to air till they developed 95% hemoglobin saturation (SpO 2) by pulse oxymetry. Positive pressure ventilation was resumed at the end. We observed for hemodynamic changes, apnea time, and SpO 2 (100%) recovery time on resuming ventilation. Arterial blood gas samples were taken before intervention, after IS or DB, after preoxygenation, and at the end of apnea. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), X 2 test, Kaplan-Meier graph, and log-rank tests were applied to compare the two study groups. RESULTS Oxygenation level in group 1 (265 ± 76.7 mmHg) patients was significantly (P < 0.001) higher than in group 2 (221 ± 61.8 mmHg)at the end of preoxygenation. The apnea time (median: lower bound - upper bound Confidence Interval apnea time) (272:240-279 s) in group 1 (IS) patients was significantly higher P < 0.05) than in group 2 (180:163-209 s) patients. Saturation recovery time (35:34-46 s) in group 1 (IS) patients was also quicker than in group 2 patients (48:44-58 s). CONCLUSIONS IS in the preoperative period is superior to deep breathing sessions for improving apnea tolerance during induction of anesthesia in abdominal sepsis patients.
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Biological behavior and disease pattern of carcinoma gallbladder shown on 64-slice CT scanner: a hospital-based retrospective observational study and our experience. Indian J Cancer 2013; 49:303-8. [PMID: 23238149 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.104496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this diagnostic observational study was to assess the spread and biological behavior of gallbladder cancer using 64-slice computerized tomography (CT) scanner in this particular geographic belt (eastern Uttar Pradesh, western Bihar, and northern Madhya Pradesh provinces of North India). Indians are ethnically and culturally different from their Western counterparts among whom the incidence of this disease is comparatively low. SUBJECTS AND METHODS After systemic examination, all patients (87) were subjected to ultrasonographic examination. All cases were histopathologically proven. Confirmed cases were subjected to volumetric CT examination of abdomen and pelvis, plain, post contrast and delayed phase. RESULTS Majority of the cases were adenocarcinoma. There was female preponderance with majority belonging to fifth and sixth decades. Commonest presentation was diffuse, irregular, enhancing wall thickening in 49.4%. Majority had invasion of liver parenchyma (74.7%). Cholelithiasis was seen in 48.3% cases. Invasion of biliary radicals was high (13.8-18.4%). Eleven cases had invasion of portal vein and tumor thrombus, with hepatic artery invasion in one case. In two cases, both hepatic artery and portal vein invasion was seen. Portal and peripancreatic nodal metastasis was seen in 58.5%. Distant metastasis was reported. CONCLUSION Few studies involving the Indian population have attempted to use multi-row detector CT to define the biological behavior of carcinoma gallbladder. The opinion whether the pathology is operable or non-operable can reasonably be given. This large-scale, single-center study gives insight about the epidemiology and biological behavior of carcinoma gallbladder.
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Congenital right sided ureteropelvic junction obstruction in right crossed fused ectopia with extrarenal calyces masquerading as massive retroperitoneal urinoma in a case of blunt trauma abdomen: A diagnostic enigma and novel approach of management. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.afju.2013.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Quercetin up-regulates mitochondrial complex-I activity to protect against programmed cell death in rotenone model of Parkinson’s disease in rats. Neuroscience 2013; 236:136-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Estimation of factors from natural and anthropogenic radioactivity present in the surface soil and comparison with DCF values. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2013; 153:112-116. [PMID: 22777082 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncs081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A study was conducted to evaluate the absorbed rate coefficient of (238)U, (232)Th, (40)K and (137)Cs present in soil. A total of 31 soil samples and the corresponding terrestrial dose rates at 1 m from different locations were taken around the Anushaktinagar region, where the litho-logy is dominated by red soil. A linear regression model was developed for the estimation of these factors. The estimated coefficients (nGy h(-1) Bq(-1) kg(-1)) were 0.454, 0.586, 0.035 and 0.392, respectively. The factors calculated were in good agreement with the literature values.
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Irrelevant faces do not capture spatial attention in RSVP sequences. J Vis 2012. [DOI: 10.1167/12.9.1346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Eu3+ assisted structural collapse of GaOOH nanorods: Probed through EXAFS and vibrational techniques. Chem Phys Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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The EIF4EBP3 translational repressor is a marker of CDC73 tumor suppressor haploinsufficiency in a parathyroid cancer syndrome. Cell Death Dis 2012; 3:266. [PMID: 22297294 PMCID: PMC3288348 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2012.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Germline mutation of the tumor suppressor gene CDC73 confers susceptibility to the hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome associated with a high risk of parathyroid malignancy. Inactivating CDC73 mutations have also been implicated in sporadic parathyroid cancer, but are rare in sporadic benign parathyroid tumors. The molecular pathways that distinguish malignant from benign parathyroid transformation remain elusive. We previously showed that a hypomorphic allele of hyrax (hyx), the Drosophila homolog of CDC73, rescues the loss-of-ventral-eye phenotype of lobe, encoding the fly homolog of Akt1s1/ PRAS40. We report now an interaction between hyx and Tor, a central regulator of cell growth and autophagy, and show that eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein (EIF4EBP), a translational repressor and effector of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), is a conserved target of hyx/CDC73. Flies heterozygous for Tor and hyx, but not Mnn1, the homolog of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) tumor suppressor associated with benign parathyroid tumors, are starvation resistant with reduced basal levels of Thor/4E-BP. Human peripheral blood cell levels of EIF4EBP3 were reduced in patients with CDC73, but not MEN1, heterozygosity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated occupancy of EIF4EBP3 by endogenous parafibromin. These results show that EIF4EBP3 is a peripheral marker of CDC73 function distinct from MEN1-regulated pathways, and suggest a model whereby starvation resistance and/or translational de-repression contributes to parathyroid malignant transformation.
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PP 37 Antitumor activity and antioxidant status of berberine against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in Swiss albino mice. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)72698-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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PP 41 Anticancer potential of Datura inoxia extract against cervical cancer HeLa cells. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)72689-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Synergistic roles for C5aR and C5L2 in the development of anti-GBM nephritis. Mol Immunol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2011.06.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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DNA biosensor for detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae causing sexually transmitted disease. J Biotechnol 2010; 150:357-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Revised: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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'Agni karma'--intentional systematic therapeutic burns. CASE REPORTS 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr.10.2009.2354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abstract
A term neonate was born to a mother who had consumed an organophosphorus compound with suicidal intent 50 hours before delivery. At birth, the infant showed signs and symptoms of organophosphorus poisoning and was treated with atropine and pralidoxime to which she responded well. Unfortunately, the mother died despite appropriate treatment. This is only the second report documenting transplacental organophosphate poisoning.
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Refractory status epilepticus--magnesium as rescue therapy. Anaesth Intensive Care 2010; 38:962. [PMID: 20865897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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Tumor stage and resection margins not the mandibular invasion determines the survival in patients with cancers of oro-mandibular region. Eur J Surg Oncol 2009; 35:1337-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2009.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Revised: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/06/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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PO18-WE-70 Epilepsy and depression: their prognostic significance in relation with platelet malonaldehyde and superoxide dismutase activity. J Neurol Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(09)70999-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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PO24-TH-37 Platelet malonaldehyde levels in multiple system atrophy and their prognostic significance. J Neurol Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(09)71122-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Higher distress relates to poor quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009; 38:955-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2009.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2008] [Revised: 11/09/2008] [Accepted: 04/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Screening for distress can predict loss of follow-up and treatment in cancer patients: results of development and validation of the Distress Inventory for Cancer Version 2. Psychooncology 2009; 18:524-33. [PMID: 18792076 DOI: 10.1002/pon.1422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The evidence suggests that in most instances distress from cancer goes unrecognised. There has been substantial work in screening for distress leading to development in practice guidelines recommending screening for distress. There is a need to identify distress early in the continuum, where suitable and timely interventions will benefit the patient. The Distress Inventory for Cancer (DIC) was designed for this. METHODS The present study reports the improved psychometric properties of the second version of the DIC (DIC 2). A standardisation sample of 520 patients was administered the 73-item draft questionnaire as well as the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G). Additional 240 patients were administered Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) besides the final DIC 2 and FACT-G. Internal consistency was measured with the Cronbach's alpha. Chi-square, odds ratio, and binary logistic regression were used to compare the results of three tools and to establish validity. RESULTS A principal factor analysis of the 73-item draft questionnaire with varimax rotation in a six-factor structure resulted in 33 items. Activity of daily living emerged as a single item domain. The FACT-G scores negatively correlated with DIC 2 scores, while emotional distress of DIC 2 overlapped with anxiety in HADS. DIC 2 significantly predicted patient non-compliance to treatment and follow-up. CONCLUSION The results show a suitable internal consistency, construct, and convergent/divergent validity of the global distress measure (DIC 2). The DIC 2 also demonstrates a predictive function for future negative clinical behaviour, the knowledge of which may facilitate better intervention triage.
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Photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopic investigations of morphology assisted effects in Sb2O3. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Thyroid swelling in a 32-year-old male. CASE REPORTS 2009; 2009:bcr12.2008.1392. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr.12.2008.1392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Non-smokers are more prone to pulmonary oedema than smokers during acute coronary syndrome. Int J Clin Pract 2008; 62:1880-5. [PMID: 19166435 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2008.01835.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients are prone to develop pulmonary oedema with varied degree of hypoxaemia. The aim was to compare the risk for pulmonary oedema and related complications during ACS amongst non-smokers vs. smokers. METHODS Prospective, observational study was performed in consecutive 68 patients presenting with ACS. They were divided into two groups; group 1 (n = 33) non-smokers and group 2 (n = 35) chronic smokers. Standard conservative treatment was given to maintain mean arterial pressure >or= 60 mmHg, oxygen saturation > 95%. The bedside chest x-ray was graded for Battler grading (0-4) for pulmonary oedema. All patients were evaluated for troponin, serial creatinine kinase, echocardiography, arterial blood gas, renal function and correlated with inotropes requirement, active respiratory support, coronary care unit (CCU) stay and hospital outcome. RESULTS Patients in both the groups had similar cardiac involvement for cardiothoracic ratio, troponin, ejection fraction and creatinine kinase muscle and brain (CK-MB). The bedside chest x-ray revealed significant (p < 0.05) lung oedema grades (3 and 4) in 60% non-smokers (group 1) vs. smokers (11%). These patients (group 1) also presented with significant (p < 0.001) hypoxaemia (lower PaO(2)/FiO(2)-201 +/- 44), metabolic acidosis (higher lactate; 2.1 +/- 0.72 mmol/l, base deficit; -5.1 +/- 4.8) and hypocarbia (28 +/- 2.9 mmHg) than smokers (group 2). The risk estimates for active respiratory support (OR =1.716) and inotrope use (OR = 1.836) was three times higher in non-smokers than smokers. CONCLUSIONS The higher degree of pulmonary oedema and hypoxemia probably contributed to poor short-term outcome in non-smokers than smokers. It would be important to recognise and treat hypoxaemia in non-smokers during ACS.
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Effect of preoxygenation practices on bispectral index and the propofol induction. Br J Anaesth 2008; 101:576-8. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aen257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Raman spectroscopic investigations of nanoparticles of Sn(x)Ti(1-x)O2 solid solution. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 8:4193-4197. [PMID: 19049201 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2008.an41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
SnO2 nanoparticles dispersed in TiO2 matrix are prepared at a relatively low temperature of approximately 185 degrees C. Nanoparticles of Sn(x)Ti(1-x)O2 solid solution without significant aggregation have been prepared by annealing them at approximately 500 and 900 degrees C. X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy studies have clearly established the nano-size nature of the samples. Raman spectroscopic investigations of these samples show mixed vibrational modes, some of them being similar to TiO2 (A(1g), E(g)), while some of them are similar to SnO2 (B(2g)). The E(g) mode shows significant red shift and B(2g) mode shows significant blue shift. Unlike this A(1g) mode remains unaffected. These results are explained based on the combined effects of random alloy formation and the nano-size nature of samples.
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