The condition of the oral cavity at the time of diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease in pediatric patients

Changes in the oral mucosa can appear in the course of inflammatory bowel disease in both children and adults. They often precede the appearance of gastrointestinal symptoms. The aim of the study was to determine the nature of changes in the oral cavity at the time of diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease in children compared to children without systemic diseases. 49 children diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease and 60 children without systemic diseases were examined. The prevalence of the aphthae stomatitis and angular cheilitis was 24.5% in the examined group and 10% in the control group (p = 0.0772). Changes in the oral mucosa occurred more frequently in children with Crohn's disease 35.3% than with ulcerative colitis 18.7%. In children with Crohn's disease, the most frequently observed lesion was aphthous stomatitis 23.5%, and in ulcerative colitis, angular cheilitis 12.5%. Changes in the oral mucosa are a therapeutic problem requiring in general diseases patients both local and systemic treatment and interdisciplinary cooperation between dentists, paediatricians and gastroenterologists. The finding of repeated changes in the oral mucosa during a dental examination should be the reason for referring the patient to a paediatrician for the foreclosure or make a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases.

Effect of prophylactic actions on the state of oral health and hygienic habits in a selected age group

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE

The aim of the study was investigation of the effect of simple prophylactic methods on the motivation for concern about oral hygiene among 13-15-year-olds.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The study covered 98 children from 4 groups attending junior high school. Adolescents from 3 groups were randomly qualified for conducting prophylactic procedures, while the fourth group constituted the control group. Three examinations were performed: preliminary and check-up examinations after 4 and 12 months. The state of the teeth and periodontium and the frequency of brushing of teeth were evaluated.

RESULTS

After 4 months, an increase in the number of decayed teeth was observed in all groups; in the control group it was significantly higher compared to the groups subjected to prophylactic actions. After 4 months in the groups covered by prophylactic actions, a significant decrease was obtained in the number of adolescents with CPITN > 0. In the examinations performed after 12 months, no significant differences were found in the value of the DMF and the CPITN index in the examined groups. In both examinations, after 4 and 12 months, the declared frequency of brushing teeth increased, especially in the group which had been provided individual instructions concerning oral hygiene.

CONCLUSIONS

1) Implementation of prophylactic methods resulted in an improvement in the state of oral health among junior high school adolescents. 2) Prophylactic actions should be regularly repeated. 3) The provision of individual instruction with supervised individual teaching of brushing teeth resulted in an improvement in the motivation for concern about oral hygiene.

[Possibility of using saliva as a diagnostic test material in cardiovascular diseases]

INTRODUCTION

Civilizational nature of the cardiovascular diseases, their prevalence and social impact of complications resulting from late diagnosis force to seek new faster and cheaper diagnostic methods.

THE AIM

To present a systematic review of the literature on studies of classical and new cardiovascular diseases' risk markers in saliva.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Used database Pubmed, Cochrane from 1980 to 2013 in search of clinical studies of diagnostic tests for saliva in diseases of the cardiovascular system.

RESULTS

Saliva sampling for testing is done in a non-invasive and painless way, transport and storage procedures are simpler and less expensive than blood. The diagnostic tests necessary in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular system can be performed in saliva. So far, the most promising diagnostic tests are: hs CRP saliva, cortisol, CK-MB, troponin, myoglobin and other biomarkers of inflammation.

CONCLUSIONS

Biomarkers of the cardiovascular diseases may be determined in saliva. The use of saliva in the diagnosis is possible and should be applied both to screening assays, as well as in epidemiological and clinical diagnostics.

[Possible use of saliva in the diagnostics and treatment--review of the literature]

In recent years increasingly more attention has been devoted to the possibilities of saliva analysis in laboratory diagnostics. The article discusses issues associated with the production of saliva, and contemporary possibilities of its use in the diagnostics and treatment. The benefits of diagnostic application of saliva for laboratory tests instead of blood serum are presented, and current possibilities of its application in the diagnostics of hereditary disorders, autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, endocrine disorders, as well as in the assessment of therapeutic drug levels and the monitoring of stimulants.

The activity of dental caries in students of the Faculty of Stomatology examined by using microbiological and biochemical tests--Dentocult LB

The aim of the study was to examine the relation between the value of Dentocult LB and numbers of DMF, DMFs and Ds in the 20-25 age group. Sixty-six randomly chosen students of the Faculty of Stomatology, Medical University of Lublin were included in the study. In all of them, their dental state was assessed by using average numbers of DMF, DMFs and Ds. In the microbiological examinations, a ready-made medium from the Dentocult LB set was used. Statistically significant, directly proportional dependence of the number of surfaces with Ds active caries and the LB number was found.

The activity of dental caries in students of the Faculty of Dentistry, the study with the use of microbiological and biochemical tests (Dentocult SM)

The aim of the paper is to answer the question whether the Dentocult SM tests could be used to study dental caries activity in the 20-25 age group. 66 students of the Faculty of Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, were included in the study. In all cases dental state was assessed by using average numbers of DMF and DMFs Ds. In the microbiological examinations a ready-made medium from Dentocult SM set was used. The results revealed that the risk of dental caries in the population studied cannot be determined only on the basis of Streptococcus mutans values.

[The assessment of dental caries activity in students of stomatology using Dentobuff tests]

The aim of the paper was to assess the risk of dental caries in students of the Faculty of Stomatology using standard biochemical tests and to answer the question whether Dentobuff tests could be used to study dental caries activity in the 20-25 age group. Sixty-six randomly chosen students of the Faculty of Stomatology, Medical Academy in Lublin have been included in to the study. Clinical examinations of dental state have been performed in all of them and they have been expressed by means of the average number of DMF, DMFs and component Ds. In biochemical examinations a ready-made test from Dentobuff set has been used. Statistically significant dependence between salivary pH and numbers DMF, DMFs and Ds has been found. In assessing the risk of dental caries, the results of Dentobuff should be considered together with other examinations and history data.