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Blöchl M, Schaare HL, Kumral D, Gaebler M, Nestler S, Villringer A. Vascular risk factors, white matter microstructure, and depressive symptoms: a longitudinal analysis in the UK Biobank. Psychol Med 2024; 54:125-135. [PMID: 37016768 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723000697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cumulative burden from vascular risk factors (VRFs) has been associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms in mid- and later life. It has been hypothesised that this association arises because VRFs disconnect fronto-subcortical white matter tracts involved in mood regulation, which puts older adults at higher risk of developing depressive symptoms. However, evidence for the hypothesis that disconnection of white matter tracts underlies the association between VRF burden and depressive symptoms from longitudinal studies is scarce. METHODS This preregistered study analysed longitudinal data from 6,964 middle-aged and older adults from the UK Biobank who participated in consecutive assessments of VRFs, brain imaging, and depressive symptoms. Using mediation modelling, we directly tested to what extend white matter microstructure mediates the longitudinal association between VRF burden and depressive symptoms. RESULTS VRF burden showed a small association with depressive symptoms at follow-up. However, there was no evidence that fractional anisotropy (FA) of white matter tracts mediated this association. Additional analyses also yielded no mediating effects using alternative operationalisations of VRF burden, mean diffusivity (MD) of single tracts, or overall average of tract-based white matter microstructure (global FA, global MD, white matter hyperintensity volume). CONCLUSIONS Our results lend no support to the hypothesis that disconnection of white matter tracts underlies the association between VRF burden and depressive symptoms, while highlighting the relevance of using longitudinal data to directly test pathways linking vascular and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Blöchl
- Department for Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School: Neuroscience of Communication: Structure, Function, and Plasticity, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - H Lina Schaare
- Otto Hahn Group Cognitive Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour) Research Centre Jülich, Germany
| | - Deniz Kumral
- Institute of Psychology, Neuropsychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Unit, Institute of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Gaebler
- Department for Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Faculty of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, MindBrainBody Institute
- Max Planck Dahlem Campus of Cognition, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Nestler
- Department of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department for Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Clinic Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Romankiewicz L, Schaare HL, Nestler S, Villringer A, Blöchl M. Mediation of the Association Between Vascular Risk Factors and Depressive Symptoms by C-Reactive Protein. Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci 2023; 3:642-650. [PMID: 37881535 PMCID: PMC10593949 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study examined whether C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of low-grade systemic inflammation, mediates the association between vascular risk factor (VRF) burden and depressive symptoms. Methods We drew on the prospective design of the UK Biobank to include participants with longitudinal data on VRF burden, CRP, and depressive symptoms. Total, direct, and indirect effects were estimated using regression-based mediation models while controlling for confounding by sociodemographic factors, baseline CRP, and baseline depression. Sensitivity analyses probed the robustness of results to unmeasured confounding. Results We analyzed data from 10,470 participants from the UK Biobank (mean age = 56.75 years at baseline). Net of covariates, VRFs at baseline were associated with higher depressive symptoms at follow-up (total effect = 0.099; 95% CI, 0.002-0.163). CRP mediated this association (indirect effect = 0.010; 95% CI, 0.004-0.017), accounting for 10.0% (95% CI, 0.3%-30.0%) of the total effect of VRF burden on depressive symptoms. Exploratory analyses suggested that the total and indirect effects pertained to somatic depressive symptoms (tiredness and appetite). Conclusions These results suggest that inflammation-promoting effects of VRFs may contribute to depressive symptoms in mid- and later life. However, the mediating pathway via CRP explains only a small part of the association between VRFs and depression after accounting for important covariates and may pertain to specific depressive symptoms. Future studies leveraging similar longitudinal designs are needed to further disentangle the time-varying effects between VRFs, inflammation, and certain depressive symptoms while addressing important confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H. Lina Schaare
- Otto Hahn Group Cognitive Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour) Research Centre, Jülich, Germany
| | - Steffen Nestler
- Department of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Clinic Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Blöchl
- Department of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School: Neuroscience of Communication: Structure, Function, and Plasticity, Leipzig, Germany
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Schaare HL, Blöchl M, Kumral D, Uhlig M, Lemcke L, Valk SL, Villringer A. Associations between mental health, blood pressure and the development of hypertension. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1953. [PMID: 37029103 PMCID: PMC10082210 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37579-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies have reported a link between mental health and high blood pressure with mixed or even contradictory findings. Here, we resolve those contradictions and further dissect the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship between mental health, systolic blood pressure, and hypertension using extensive psychological, medical and neuroimaging data from the UK Biobank. We show that higher systolic blood pressure is associated with fewer depressive symptoms, greater well-being, and lower emotion-related brain activity. Interestingly, impending hypertension is associated with poorer mental health years before HTN is diagnosed. In addition, a stronger baseline association between systolic blood pressure and better mental health was observed in individuals who develop hypertension until follow-up. Overall, our findings offer insights on the complex relationship between mental health, blood pressure, and hypertension, suggesting that-via baroreceptor mechanisms and reinforcement learning-the association of higher blood pressure with better mental health may ultimately contribute to the development of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lina Schaare
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
- Otto-Hahn-Group Cognitive Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Maria Blöchl
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute for Psychology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Deniz Kumral
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Psychology, Neuropsychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Unit, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marie Uhlig
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lorenz Lemcke
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Unit, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sofie L Valk
- Otto-Hahn-Group Cognitive Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Berlin, Germany
- Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Weiss D, Blöchl M. Loss of Social Status and Subjective Well-Being Across the Adult Life Span: Feeling Stuck or Moving Up? Social Psychological and Personality Science 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/19485506231162405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Previous research suggests that loss of social status adversely impacts subjective well-being. Here, we show that important factors modulating this relationship are age differences in beliefs in opportunities and upward mobility. Across two preregistered longitudinal analyses ( N1 = 5,487 and N2 = 1,092; 18–89 years), we found that individuals who hold a stronger belief that they have more opportunities in the future to improve their social status are less likely to suffer from status loss. Further analyses revealed that this interaction effect can be explained by age differences in these beliefs. Specifically, younger individuals were more likely to hold opportunity and upward mobility beliefs and, thus, were better able to maintain their relative level of life satisfaction when experiencing status loss. Overall, these findings contribute to our understanding of how individuals may mitigate the detrimental consequences of status loss to their subjective well-being across the adult life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Weiss
- Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Maria Blöchl
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
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5
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Blöchl M, Nestler S. Long-term Changes in Depressive Symptoms Before and After Stroke. Neurology 2022; 99:e720-e729. [PMID: 35831179 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To determine the trajectory of depressive symptoms several years before and after incident stroke. METHODS We analyzed data from 10,797 participants from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing without a history of stroke at baseline (wave 1). We matched participants with first-ever stroke during the 12-year follow-up (waves 2-7) to stroke-free individuals using propensity scores accounting for age, sex, education, ethnicity, and vascular risk factors. Trajectories of depressive symptoms before and after stroke were analyzed using multilevel models. RESULTS Among the 10,797 participants (mean age 64.6 ± 9.9 years, 54.8% women), we identified 425 individuals with incident stroke. At the assessment before stroke, these individuals demonstrated an increase in depressive symptoms when compared with matched controls. There was a further increase in depressive symptoms in stroke survivors after the acute event, which persisted for several years. Symptom-level analyses revealed that differences in depressive symptoms between stroke survivors and stroke-free controls before and after stroke were most pronounced for mood-related and fatigue-related symptoms. DISCUSSION Incident stroke is associated with long-term increases in depressive symptoms. A small part of this increase occurs in the years before stroke, perhaps indicating the incipient pathologic process. Particular attention should be paid to depressive symptoms in the long-term care of patients, and especially to fatigue-related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Blöchl
- From the Department of Psychology (M.B., S.N.), University of Münster; Department for Neurology (M.B.), Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; and International Max Planck Research School on Neuroscience of Communication: Structure, Function, and Plasticity (M.B.), Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Steffen Nestler
- From the Department of Psychology (M.B., S.N.), University of Münster; Department for Neurology (M.B.), Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences; and International Max Planck Research School on Neuroscience of Communication: Structure, Function, and Plasticity (M.B.), Leipzig, Germany
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6
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Blöchl M, von Oertzen T, Kunzmann U. Associations Between Age-Related Changes in Positive Affect and Physical Functioning: The Role of Education. Innov Aging 2021. [PMCID: PMC8681028 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igab046.2199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing research points to the relevance of educational attainment for positive emotional experiences and physical functioning across adulthood. However, little is known about how age-related developments in positive affect and physical functioning differ by educational attainment. This study used longitudinal data of 10,893 individuals (60–80 years) from the Health and Retirement Study to examine whether educational attainment moderates trajectories of positive affect and physical functioning and their interrelations over 12 years. Initial results from multiple-group bivariate growth models revealed that individuals with less formal education have lower positive affect and poorer physical functioning at baseline. There was, however, no evidence that longitudinal changes in positive affect, longitudinal changes in physical health, and coupled changes between both variables varied with educational attainment. These initial findings suggest that lower educational attainment is primarily related to lower levels of positive affect and physical functioning, but not to greater age-related declines or their interrelations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Blöchl
- Leipzig University, Leipzig University, Sachsen, Germany
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Blöchl M, Schaare HL, Kunzmann U, Nestler S. The Age-Dependent Association Between Vascular Risk Factors and Depressed Mood. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 77:284-294. [PMID: 34080633 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cumulative burden of vascular risk factors (VRFs) has been linked to an increased risk of depressed mood. However, the role of age in this association is still unclear. Here, we investigated whether VRF burden is associated with levels and changes in depressed mood and whether these associations become stronger or weaker from mid- to later life. METHOD We used longitudinal data from 5,689 participants (52-89 years) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. A composite score incorporated the presence of 5 VRFs: hypertension, diabetes, smoking, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia. Second-order latent growth models were used to test whether levels and changes of depressed mood differed as a function of baseline VRF burden, and whether these associations were moderated by age. RESULTS Baseline VRF burden showed a small association with higher levels of depressed mood (estimate = 0.081; 95% CI: 0.024, 0.138, p = .005). This association varied with age, such that it was stronger in midlife compared to later life (estimate = -0.007; 95% CI: -0.013, -0.002, p = .017). There was no evidence that VRF burden was associated with changes in depressed mood. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that VRF burden in midlife, but less so in later life, predicts individual differences in depressed mood. These findings are consistent with reports on the importance of midlife VRFs and support the idea that promotion of vascular health in this age group or earlier in life may be critical to maintain mental health across adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Blöchl
- Department of Psychology, University of Münster, Germany
- Department for Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - H Lina Schaare
- Otto Hahn Group Cognitive Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Research Centre Jülich, Germany
| | - Ute Kunzmann
- Department of Psychology, Leipzig University, Germany
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Molloy EN, Mueller K, Beinhölzl N, Blöchl M, Piecha FA, Pampel A, Steele CJ, Scharrer U, Zheleva G, Regenthal R, Sehm B, Nikulin VV, Möller HE, Villringer A, Sacher J. Modulation of premotor cortex response to sequence motor learning during escitalopram intake. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:1449-1462. [PMID: 33148103 PMCID: PMC8138331 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x20965161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors to motor learning by inducing motor cortical plasticity remains controversial given diverse findings from positive preclinical data to negative findings in recent clinical trials. To empirically address this translational disparity, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging in a double-blind, randomized controlled study to assess whether 20 mg escitalopram improves sequence-specific motor performance and modulates cortical motor response in 64 healthy female participants. We found decreased left premotor cortex responses during sequence-specific learning performance comparing single dose and steady escitalopram state. Escitalopram plasma levels negatively correlated with the premotor cortex response. We did not find evidence in support of improved motor performance after a week of escitalopram intake. These findings do not support the conclusion that one week escitalopram intake increases motor performance but could reflect early adaptive plasticity with improved neural processing underlying similar task performance when steady peripheral escitalopram levels are reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eóin N Molloy
- Emotion Neuroimaging (EGG) Lab, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,International Max Planck Research School NeuroCom, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karsten Mueller
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Methods & Development Group, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nathalie Beinhölzl
- Emotion Neuroimaging (EGG) Lab, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Blöchl
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,International Max Planck Research School NeuroCom, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Fabian A Piecha
- Emotion Neuroimaging (EGG) Lab, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - André Pampel
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Methods & Development Group, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Ulrike Scharrer
- Emotion Neuroimaging (EGG) Lab, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gergana Zheleva
- Emotion Neuroimaging (EGG) Lab, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ralf Regenthal
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernhard Sehm
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vadim V Nikulin
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Harald E Möller
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Methods & Development Group, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, Leipzig, Germany.,MindBrainBody Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Sacher
- Emotion Neuroimaging (EGG) Lab, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, Leipzig, Germany
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9
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Blöchl M, Schaare L, Kunzmann U, Nestler S. The Age-Dependent Relationship Between Vascular Risk Factors and Trajectories of Depressed Mood. Innov Aging 2020. [PMCID: PMC7740702 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) have been linked to depression, but it is still unclear whether this association becomes stronger or weaker from mid- to later life. Thus, our main aim was to investigate the influence of age on the associations between CRVFs and trajectories of depressed mood. Our sample included 6835 individuals (aged 52–89 years) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), who were free of manifest vascular disease at baseline and had bi-yearly measurements of depressed mood over ten years. A composite score incorporated the presence of five CVRFs: hypertension, diabetes, smoking, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia. We used second-order latent growth models to examine the effect of CVRFs, age, and their interaction on levels and changes in depressed mood over time. Our results revealed that baseline CVRFs were associated with higher levels of depressed mood. This association decreased with age and was stronger in midlife compared to later life. CVRFs were not related to changes in depressed mood, indicating that these differences remained stable over time. These findings suggest that CVRFs in midlife, but less so in older age, predict stable differences in depressed mood. They are consistent with reports on the importance of CVRFs in midlife and may support the idea that prevention of vascular burden in this age period may be critical to maintain mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lina Schaare
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ute Kunzmann
- University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Sachsen, Germany
| | - Steffen Nestler
- University of Münster, Münster, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
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10
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Blöchl M, Nestler S, Weiss D. A limit of the subjective age bias: Feeling younger to a certain degree, but no more, is beneficial for life satisfaction. Psychol Aging 2020; 36:360-372. [PMID: 33180520 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The majority of adults feel considerably younger than their chronological age. Numerous studies suggest that maintaining a younger subjective age is linked to greater life satisfaction. However, whether there is a limit beyond which feeling younger becomes detrimental is not well understood. Here, we use response surface analysis to examine the relationships between subjective age, chronological age, and life satisfaction in in a large sample spanning adulthood (N = 7,356; 36-89 years). We find that there is a limit to feeling younger: People who feel younger by a certain amount, but not more, have the highest levels of life satisfaction. In addition, our findings suggest that the discrepancy between subjective and chronological age at which life satisfaction is highest increases across the adult age span. Taken together, these findings reveal that beyond a certain point, feeling younger than one's chronological age may be psychologically harmful. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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11
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Blöchl M, Meissner S, Nestler S. Does depression after stroke negatively influence physical disability? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. J Affect Disord 2019; 247:45-56. [PMID: 30654265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression after stroke is common and has been proposed to negatively affect disability by preventing optimal physical rehabilitation and recovery. However, the nature of this influence remains poorly understood. Here, we synthesise longitudinal studies to examine the hypotheses that depression after stroke (i) hampers physical rehabilitation, (ii) prevents functional improvement during recovery, and (iii) is associated with poor functional outcomes. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed and Web of Science. A total of 5672 studies were screened; 28 met criteria for inclusion. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS Individual studies showed no consistent effects of depression post-stroke on (i) the effectiveness of physical rehabilitation and (ii) functional improvements during recovery. In contrast, random-effects models revealed that (iii) depression after stroke was associated with an increased risk for poor long-term disability (OR: 2.16, 95% CI 1.70-2.77). Overall, the quality of studies was moderate and there was evidence for publication bias. LIMITATIONS The number of included studies was small. There was considerable methodological heterogeneity between studies, prohibiting meta-analyses for all effects of interest. Few studies examined the influence of antidepressants. CONCLUSIONS Depressed stroke patients are generally more disabled. However, depressed mood might not restrict improvements in physical disability during rehabilitation and recovery, although it seems to be linked to a delayed increase in the risk of poor functional outcome. High-quality evidence from longitudinal studies is needed to clarify the precise mechanisms and temporal dynamics underlying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Blöchl
- Department for Psychology, University of Leipzig, Germany; International Max Plank Research School: Neuroscience of Communication: Structure, Function, and Plasticity, Leipzig, Germany.
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12
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Babayan A, Erbey M, Kumral D, Reinelt JD, Reiter AMF, Röbbig J, Schaare HL, Uhlig M, Anwander A, Bazin PL, Horstmann A, Lampe L, Nikulin VV, Okon-Singer H, Preusser S, Pampel A, Rohr CS, Sacher J, Thöne-Otto A, Trapp S, Nierhaus T, Altmann D, Arelin K, Blöchl M, Bongartz E, Breig P, Cesnaite E, Chen S, Cozatl R, Czerwonatis S, Dambrauskaite G, Dreyer M, Enders J, Engelhardt M, Fischer MM, Forschack N, Golchert J, Golz L, Guran CA, Hedrich S, Hentschel N, Hoffmann DI, Huntenburg JM, Jost R, Kosatschek A, Kunzendorf S, Lammers H, Lauckner ME, Mahjoory K, Kanaan AS, Mendes N, Menger R, Morino E, Näthe K, Neubauer J, Noyan H, Oligschläger S, Panczyszyn-Trzewik P, Poehlchen D, Putzke N, Roski S, Schaller MC, Schieferbein A, Schlaak B, Schmidt R, Gorgolewski KJ, Schmidt HM, Schrimpf A, Stasch S, Voss M, Wiedemann A, Margulies DS, Gaebler M, Villringer A. A mind-brain-body dataset of MRI, EEG, cognition, emotion, and peripheral physiology in young and old adults. Sci Data 2019; 6:180308. [PMID: 30747911 PMCID: PMC6371893 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2018.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a publicly available dataset of 227 healthy participants comprising a young (N=153, 25.1±3.1 years, range 20-35 years, 45 female) and an elderly group (N=74, 67.6±4.7 years, range 59-77 years, 37 female) acquired cross-sectionally in Leipzig, Germany, between 2013 and 2015 to study mind-body-emotion interactions. During a two-day assessment, participants completed MRI at 3 Tesla (resting-state fMRI, quantitative T1 (MP2RAGE), T2-weighted, FLAIR, SWI/QSM, DWI) and a 62-channel EEG experiment at rest. During task-free resting-state fMRI, cardiovascular measures (blood pressure, heart rate, pulse, respiration) were continuously acquired. Anthropometrics, blood samples, and urine drug tests were obtained. Psychiatric symptoms were identified with Standardized Clinical Interview for DSM IV (SCID-I), Hamilton Depression Scale, and Borderline Symptoms List. Psychological assessment comprised 6 cognitive tests as well as 21 questionnaires related to emotional behavior, personality traits and tendencies, eating behavior, and addictive behavior. We provide information on study design, methods, and details of the data. This dataset is part of the larger MPI Leipzig Mind-Brain-Body database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahit Babayan
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Miray Erbey
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- International Max Planck School on the Life Course, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Deniz Kumral
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janis D. Reinelt
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrea M. F. Reiter
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School NeuroCom, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Max Planck Research Group for Cognitive and Affective Control of Behavioral Adaptation, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Josefin Röbbig
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - H. Lina Schaare
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School NeuroCom, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marie Uhlig
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School NeuroCom, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alfred Anwander
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Pierre-Louis Bazin
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Annette Horstmann
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Leonie Lampe
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vadim V. Nikulin
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hadas Okon-Singer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sven Preusser
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - André Pampel
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Group, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christiane S. Rohr
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia Sacher
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Angelika Thöne-Otto
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Day Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabrina Trapp
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Till Nierhaus
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Denise Altmann
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katrin Arelin
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Blöchl
- International Max Planck Research School NeuroCom, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Edith Bongartz
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Patric Breig
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elena Cesnaite
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sufang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roberto Cozatl
- Database Management, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Saskia Czerwonatis
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gabriele Dambrauskaite
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Dreyer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jessica Enders
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Melina Engelhardt
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marie Michele Fischer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Norman Forschack
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Golchert
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy & Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Laura Golz
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - C. Alexandrina Guran
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanna Hedrich
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicole Hentschel
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daria I. Hoffmann
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia M. Huntenburg
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy & Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rebecca Jost
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna Kosatschek
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stella Kunzendorf
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hannah Lammers
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mark E. Lauckner
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy & Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Keyvan Mahjoory
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ahmad S. Kanaan
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Group, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Natacha Mendes
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy & Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ramona Menger
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Enzo Morino
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karina Näthe
- Library, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jennifer Neubauer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Handan Noyan
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabine Oligschläger
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy & Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Dorothee Poehlchen
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nadine Putzke
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabrina Roski
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marie-Catherine Schaller
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anja Schieferbein
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Benito Schlaak
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Schmidt
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (ILM) of the Medical Faculty at the Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Hanna Maria Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne Schrimpf
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sylvia Stasch
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Voss
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Annett Wiedemann
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel S. Margulies
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy & Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Gaebler
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases LIFE, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute at the Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Fondberg R, Lundström JN, Blöchl M, Olsson MJ, Seubert J. Multisensory flavor perception: The relationship between congruency, pleasantness, and odor referral to the mouth. Appetite 2018; 125:244-252. [PMID: 29447997 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Our hedonic response to a food is determined by its flavor, an inherently multisensory experience that extends beyond the mere addition of its odor and taste. While congruency is known to be important for multisensory processes in general, little is known about its specific role in flavor processing. The aim of the present study was to delineate the effects of odor-taste congruency on two central aspects of flavor: odor referral (or mislocalization) to the mouth, and pleasantness. We further aimed to test whether an eventual effect on pleasantness was mediated by odor referral. Aqueous solutions containing odors and tastes were prepared to create food-like stimuli with varying degrees of congruency, ranging from maximally incongruent to maximally congruent in nine steps. Thirty participants reported where they perceived the odors, and how much they liked the solutions. Congruency had a positive linear effect both on odor referral to the oral cavity and on pleasantness. However, the effect of congruency on pleasantness was not mediated by odor referral. These results indicate that as an odor-taste mixture approximates a mental representation of a familiar food, its components are increasingly merged into one perceptual object sensed in the mouth. In parallel, the mixture is evaluated as increasingly pleasant, which promotes consumption of familiar foods that have been determined through experience to be non-toxic. While the modulatory role of congruency on pleasantness and odor referral was confirmed, our results also indicate that these effects arise through distinct perceptual mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Fondberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Johan N Lundström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Maria Blöchl
- Department of Psychology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mats J Olsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Janina Seubert
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Blöchl M, Franz M, Miltner WH, Weiss T. Captured by the pain: Pain steady-state evoked potentials are not modulated by selective spatial attention. Brain Res 2015; 1603:94-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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