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Belladelli F, Pozzi E, Fallara G, Cilio S, Corsini C, Lanzaro F, Candela L, Bertini A, Raffo M, Negri F, Cella L, Fantin M, Cannoletta D, Boeri L, Capogrosso P, D’Arma A, Montorsi F, Salonia A. The association between testosterone and psychological well-being: Findings from a real-life cross-sectional study. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00263-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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2
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Cilio S, Pozzi E, Belladelli F, Fallara G, Candela L, Bertini A, Corsini C, Lanzaro F, Cannoletta D, Raffo M, Negri F, Cella L, Fantin M, Boeri L, Capogrosso P, D’Arma A, Montorsi F, Salonia A. Cancer survivorship in male patients: The importance of involving the andrologist in the real-life world. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00603-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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3
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Belladelli F, Pozzi E, Fallara G, Cilio S, Corsini C, Lanzaro F, Candela L, Bertini A, Raffo M, Negri F, Cella L, Fantin M, Capogrosso P, Boeri L, D’Arma A, Eisenberg M, Pagliardini L, Montorsi F, Salonia A. A Machine Learning-derived Nomogram to predict pregnancy in Infertile couples with male factor infertility undergoing medically assisted reproduction techniques. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00277-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Cilio S, Belladelli F, Pozzi E, Fallara G, Candela L, Bertini A, Corsini C, Lanzaro F, Cannoletta D, Raffo M, Negri F, Cella L, Fantin M, Boeri L, Capogrosso P, D’Arma A, Montorsi F, Salonia A. Prevalence of and predictors of unrecognized orgasmic dysfunction in men with new onset erectile dysfunction – Findings from a cross-sectional, real-life study. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00606-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Capogrosso P, Pozzi E, Belladelli F, Fallara G, Cilio S, Raffo M, Negri F, Cella L, Fantin M, Bertini A, Boeri L, Corsini C, Lanzaro F, Candela L, D’Arma A, Dehò F, Montorsi F, Salonia A. Compliance to oral treatment for premature ejaculation – data from a single academic center. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00611-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Boeri L, Pozzi E, Belladelli F, Fallara G, Cilio S, Bertini A, Raffo M, Negri F, Cella L, Fantin M, Corsini C, Lanzaro F, Candela L, Capogrosso P, D’Arma A, Montorsi F, Salonia A. The definition of idiopathic male infertility should include sperm DNA fragmentation values: Findings from a cross-sectional study. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00714-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Belladelli F, Pozzi E, Fallara G, Cilio S, Corsini C, Lanzaro F, Candela L, Bertini A, Raffo M, Negri F, Cella L, Fantin M, Cannoletta D, Boeri L, Capogrosso P, D’Arma A, Montorsi F, Salonia A. Are bothersome sleep disturbances predictors of severe ED at first visit? Findings from a real-life cross-sectional study. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00600-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Pozzi E, Fallara G, Belladelli F, Cilio S, Corsini C, Lanzaro F, Bertini A, Raffo M, Negri F, Cella L, Fantin M, Candela L, Capogrosso P, Boeri L, D’Arma A, Montorsi F, Salonia A. Clinical characteristics at presentation of Peyronie’s disease patients have changed over the last 20 years. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01296-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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9
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Boeri L, Pozzi E, Belladelli F, Fallara G, Cilio S, Bertini A, Lanzaro F, Candela L, Corsini C, Raffo M, Negri F, Cella L, Fantin M, Capogrosso P, D’Arma A, Montorsi F, Salonia A. The clinical profile of men with premature ejaculation at presentation has changed over the last fifteen years: analysis from a longitudinal study. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00613-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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10
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Pozzi E, Belladelli F, Fallara G, Cilio S, Corsini C, Bertini A, Raffo M, Negri F, Cella L, Fantin M, Lanzaro F, Candela L, Capogrosso P, Boeri L, D’Arma A, Montorsi F, Salonia A. Follicle stimulating hormone-to-Inhibin B ratio in primary infertile men with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism — a clinical marker of testosterone deficiency severity? Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00265-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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11
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Ventimiglia E, Corsini C, Fantin M, De Angelis M, Dioni P, Briganti A, Villa L, Montorsi F, Traxer O, Salonia A. Thulium fibre laser achieves faster lithotripsy during ureteroscopic treatment of upper urinary tract stones: an observational study emulating a target trial. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Ventimiglia E, Corrales Acosta M, De Angelis M, Dioni P, Corsini C, Fantin M, Candela L, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Villa L, Salonia A, Traxer O. Thulium fibre laser achieves faster lithotripsy during ureteroscopic treatment of upper urinary tract stones: An observational study emulating a target trial. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)01254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Napoli B, Gumeni S, Forgiarini A, Fantin M, De Filippis C, Panzeri E, Vantaggiato C, Orso G. Naringenin Ameliorates Drosophila ReepA Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia-Linked Phenotypes. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1202. [PMID: 31803000 PMCID: PMC6877660 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane shaping and interaction with other organelles seem to be a crucial mechanism underlying Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia (HSP) neurodegeneration. REEP1, a transmembrane protein belonging to TB2/HVA22 family, is implicated in SPG31, an autosomal dominant form of HSP, and its interaction with Atlastin/SPG3A and Spastin/SPG4, the other two major HSP linked proteins, has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in modifying ER architecture. In addition, the Drosophila ortholog of REEP1, named ReepA, has been found to regulate the response to ER neuronal stress. Herein we investigated the role of ReepA in ER morphology and stress response. ReepA is upregulated under stress conditions and aging. Our data show that ReepA triggers a selective activation of Ire1 and Atf6 branches of Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) and modifies ER morphology. Drosophila lacking ReepA showed Atf6 and Ire1 activation, expansion of ER sheet-like structures, locomotor dysfunction and shortened lifespan. Furthermore, we found that naringenin, a flavonoid that possesses strong antioxidant and neuroprotective activity, can rescue the cellular phenotypes, the lifespan and locomotor disability associated with ReepA loss of function. Our data highlight the importance of ER homeostasis in nervous system functionality and HSP neurodegenerative mechanisms, opening new opportunities for HSP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Napoli
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Sentiljana Gumeni
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alessia Forgiarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marianna Fantin
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Concetta De Filippis
- Foundation Institute of Pediatric Research, “Città della Speranza”, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Panzeri
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Chiara Vantaggiato
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Genny Orso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Fantin M, Garelli F, Napoli B, Forgiarini A, Gumeni S, De Martin S, Montopoli M, Vantaggiato C, Orso G. Flavonoids Regulate Lipid Droplets Biogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19852430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs), cytosolic fat storage organelles, are emerging as major regulators of lipid metabolism, trafficking, and signaling in various cells and tissues. LDs are altered in cardiovascular and neuronal disorders, inflammation, obesity, and cancer. Flavonoids comprise different classes of molecules, characterized by a well-known antioxidant activity and a beneficial effect in several diseases. However, the cellular mechanism by which different classes of flavonoids improve health is poorly understood, in particular as far as LDs biogenesis is concerned. Here we used Drosophila melanogaster as a model system to investigate the effects of a selected group of flavonoids on larval tissues by examining LDs biogenesis. In our study, fruit flies were grown in xanthohumol-, isoquercetin-, and genistein-enriched food and larval tissues were analyzed using a LD marker. Total mRNA expression of two main enzymes (minotaur and midway) responsible for triacylglycerides synthesis was evaluated after treatments. Among the flavonoids analyzed, xanthohumol and isoquercetin resulted to be potent regulators of LDs biogenesis in a tissue-specific manner, inducing fat storage decrease in fat bodies and accumulation of LDs in nerves. Since LDs have been suggested to play a protective role against intracellular stress in nonadipocyte cells, our data support the hypothesis that some phytochemicals could act as strong modulators of LDs biogenesis in vivo. The knowledge of how different flavonoids act on lipid metabolism in different tissues can help to manage the use of phytochemicals with the aim of selectively ameliorating specific neuronal and metabolic diseases’ manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Fantin
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Francesca Garelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Napoli
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Alessia Forgiarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Sentiljana Gumeni
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Sara De Martin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Monica Montopoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Vantaggiato
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Genny Orso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Tresoldi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - F. Oliva
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - M. Benvenuto
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - M. Fantin
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - L. Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R. Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - A. Modesti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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16
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Vavla M, Arrigoni F, Nordio A, De Luca A, Pizzighello S, Petacchi E, Paparella G, D'Angelo MG, Brighina E, Russo E, Fantin M, Colombo P, Martinuzzi A. Functional and Structural Brain Damage in Friedreich's Ataxia. Front Neurol 2018; 9:747. [PMID: 30237783 PMCID: PMC6135889 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a rare hereditary neurodegenerative disorder caused by a GAA repeat expansion in the FXN gene. There is still no cure or quantitative biomarkers reliaby correlating with the progression rate and disease severity. Investigation of functional and structural alterations characterizing white (WM) and gray matter (GM) in FRDA are needed prerequisite to monitor progression and response to treatment. Here we report the results of a multimodal cross-sectional MRI study of FRDA including Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM), diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI), functional MRI (fMRI), and a correlation analysis with clinical severity scores. Twenty-one early-onset FRDA patients and 18 age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were imaged at 3T. All patients underwent a complete cognitive and clinical assessment with ataxia scales. VBM analysis showed GM volume reduction in FRDA compared to HCs bilaterally in lobules V, VI, VIII (L>R), as well as in the crus of cerebellum, posterior lobe of the vermis, in the flocculi and in the left tonsil. Voxel-wise DTI analysis showed a diffuse fractional anisotropy reduction and mean, radial, axial (AD) diffusivity increase in both infratentorial and supratentorial WM. ROI-based analysis confirmed the results showing differences of the same DTI metrics in cortico-spinal-tracts, forceps major, corpus callosum, posterior thalamic radiations, cerebellar penduncles. Additionally, we observed increased AD in superior (SCP) and middle cerebellar peduncles. The WM findings correlated with age at onset (AAO), short-allelle GAA, and disease severity. The intragroup analysis of fMRI data from right-handed 14 FRDA and 15 HCs showed similar findings in both groups, including activation in M1, insula and superior cerebellar hemisphere (lobules V-VIII). Significant differences emerged only during the non-dominant hand movement, with HCs showing a stronger activation in the left superior cerebellar hemisphere compared to FRDA. Significant correlations were found between AAO and the fMRI activation in cerebellar anterior and posterior lobes, insula and temporal lobe. Our multimodal neuroimaging protocol suggests that MRI is a useful tool to document the extension of the neurological impairment in FRDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinela Vavla
- Severe Developmental Disabilities Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Conegliano, Italy
| | - Filippo Arrigoni
- Neuroimaging Lab, Scientific Institute IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Andrea Nordio
- Neuroimaging Lab, Scientific Institute IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Bosisio Parini, Italy.,Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto De Luca
- Neuroimaging Lab, Scientific Institute IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Silvia Pizzighello
- Severe Developmental Disabilities Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Conegliano, Italy
| | - Elisa Petacchi
- Severe Developmental Disabilities Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Conegliano, Italy
| | - Gabriella Paparella
- Severe Developmental Disabilities Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Conegliano, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia D'Angelo
- NeuroMuscular Unit, Department of NeuroRehabilitation, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Erika Brighina
- NeuroMuscular Unit, Department of NeuroRehabilitation, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Emanuela Russo
- Severe Developmental Disabilities Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Conegliano, Italy
| | - Marianna Fantin
- Severe Developmental Disabilities Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Conegliano, Italy
| | - Paola Colombo
- Neuroimaging Lab, Scientific Institute IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Andrea Martinuzzi
- Severe Developmental Disabilities Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Conegliano, Italy
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Martinuzzi A, Montanaro D, Vavla M, Paparella G, Bonanni P, Musumeci O, Brighina E, Hlavata H, Rossi G, Aghakhanyan G, Martino N, Baratto A, D’Angelo MG, Peruch F, Fantin M, Arnoldi A, Citterio A, Vantaggiato C, Rizzo V, Toscano A, Bresolin N, Bassi MT. Clinical and Paraclinical Indicators of Motor System Impairment in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia: A Pilot Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153283. [PMID: 27077743 PMCID: PMC4831837 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are a composite and genetically heterogeneous group of conditions mainly expressed by the impairment of the central motor system ("pure" forms). The involvement of other components of the central nervous system or of other systems is described in the "complicate" forms. The definition of an investigation protocol capable, by assembling clinical and paraclinical indicators to fully represent the extent of the motor system impairment, would help both the clinical handling of these conditions and contribute to our understanding of their pathogenesis. METHODS We applied a clinical and paraclinical protocol which included tools exploring motor and non motor functioning, neurophysiology and MRI to a composite cohort of 70 molecularly defined HSP patients aged 3 to 65, to define for each indicator its significance in detailing the presence and the severity of the pathology. RESULTS Clinically increased deep tendon reflexes and lower limb (LL) weakness are constant findings in all patients. The "complicated" forms are characterized by peripheral motor impairment, cognitive and cerebellar involvement. The Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale efficiently reflects the severity of functional problems and correlates with disease duration. Neurophysiology consistently documents the impairment of the central motor pathway to the LLs. Nevertheless, the upper extremities and sensory system involvement is a frequent finding. MRI diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) highlighted a significant alteration of FA and MD. Combining the sampling of the various portion of the cortico-spinal tract (CST) DTI consistently discriminated patients from controls. CONCLUSION We propose a graded clinical and paraclinical protocol for HSP phenotype definition, indicating for each tool the discriminative and descriptive capacity. Our protocol applied to 9 different forms of HSP showed that the functional impairment often extends beyond the CST. The novel DTI approach may add significant elements in disease recognition, staging and mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Martinuzzi
- IRCCS E. Medea, Polo Regionale di Conegliano, Conegliano (TV), Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Domenico Montanaro
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Unit of Neuroradiology, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marinela Vavla
- IRCCS E. Medea, Polo Regionale di Conegliano, Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | | | - Paolo Bonanni
- IRCCS E. Medea, Polo Regionale di Conegliano, Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Olimpia Musumeci
- University of Messina, Department of Neurosciences, Messina, Italy
| | - Erika Brighina
- IRCCS E. Medea, Neurorehabilitation Department, Bosisio Parini (LC), Italy
| | - Hana Hlavata
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Unit of Neuroradiology, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rossi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gayane Aghakhanyan
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Unit of Neuroradiology, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicola Martino
- ULSS 7-Pieve di Soligo, Department of Imaging, Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | | | | | - Francesca Peruch
- IRCCS E. Medea, Polo Regionale di Conegliano, Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Marianna Fantin
- IRCCS E. Medea, Polo Regionale di Conegliano, Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Alessia Arnoldi
- IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini (LC), Italy
| | - Andrea Citterio
- IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini (LC), Italy
| | - Chiara Vantaggiato
- IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini (LC), Italy
| | - Vincenzo Rizzo
- University of Messina, Department of Neurosciences, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Toscano
- University of Messina, Department of Neurosciences, Messina, Italy
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico, University of Milano, Department of Neuroscience, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Bassi
- IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini (LC), Italy
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Fernagut PO, Meissner WG, Biran M, Fantin M, Bassil F, Franconi JM, Tison F. Age-related motor dysfunction and neuropathology in a transgenic mouse model of multiple system atrophy. Synapse 2013; 68:98-106. [PMID: 24243499 DOI: 10.1002/syn.21719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive degeneration of the striatonigral, olivo-ponto-cerebellar, and autonomic systems. Glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs) containing alpha-synuclein represent the hallmark of MSA and are recapitulated in mice expressing alpha-synuclein in oligodendrocytes. To assess if oligodendroglial expression of human wild-type alpha-synuclein in mice (proteolipid promoter, PLP-SYN) could be associated with age-related deficits, PLP-SYN and wild-type mice were assessed for motor function, brain morphometry, striatal levels of dopamine and metabolites, dopaminergic loss, and distribution of GCIs. PLP-SYN displayed age-related impairments on a beam-traversing task. MRI revealed a significantly smaller brain volume in PLP-SYN mice at 12 months, which further decreased at 18 months together with increased volume of ventricles and cortical atrophy. The distribution of GCIs was reminiscent of MSA with a high burden in the basal ganglia. Mild dopaminergic cell loss was associated with decreased dopamine turnover at 18 months. These data indicate that PLP-SYN mice may recapitulate some of the progressive features of MSA and deliver endpoints for the evaluation of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P O Fernagut
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
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Calandreau L, Márquez C, Bisaz R, Fantin M, Sandi C. Differential impact of polysialyltransferase ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV knockout on social interaction and aggression. Genes Brain Behav 2011; 9:958-67. [PMID: 20659171 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183x.2010.00635.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies using neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) -/- knockout (KO) mice provided evidence for a role of NCAMs in social behaviors. However, polysialic acid (PSA), the most important post-translational modification of NCAM, was also absent in these mice, which makes it difficult to distinguish between the specific involvement of either PSA or NCAM in social interactions. To address this issue, we assessed two lines of mice deficient for one of the two sialyltransferase enzymes required for the polysialylation of NCAM, sialyltransferase-X (St8SiaII or STX) and polysialyltransferase (ST8SiaIV or PST), in a series of tests for social behaviors. Results showed that PST KO mice display a decreased motivation in social interaction. This deficit can be partly explained by olfactory deficits and was associated with a clear decrease in PSA-NCAM expression in all brain regions analyzed (amygdala, septum, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and frontal cortices). STX KO mice displayed both a decreased social motivation and an increased aggressive behavior that cannot be explained by olfactory deficits. This finding might be related to the reduced anxiety-like behavior, increased locomotion and stress-induced corticosterone secretion observed in these mice. Moreover, STX KO mice showed mild increase of PSA-NCAM expression in the lateral septum and the orbitofrontal cortex. Altogether, these findings support a role for PSA-NCAM in the regulation of social behaviors ranging from a lack of social motivation to aggression. They also underscore STX KO mice as an interesting animal model that combines a behavioral profile of violence and hyperactivity with reduced anxiety-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Calandreau
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Arnoldi A, Crimella C, Tenderini E, Martinuzzi A, D'Angelo MG, Musumeci O, Toscano A, Scarlato M, Fantin M, Bresolin N, Bassi MT. Clinical phenotype variability in patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia type 5 associated with CYP7B1 mutations. Clin Genet 2011; 81:150-7. [PMID: 21214876 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01624.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Spastic paraplegia type 5 (SPG5) is caused by mutations in CYP7B1, a gene encoding the cytochrome P-450 oxysterol 7-α-hydroxylase, CYP7B1, an enzyme implicated in the cholesterol metabolism. Mutations in CYP7B1 were found in both pure and complicated forms of the disease with a mutation frequency of 7.7% in pure recessive cases. The mutation frequency in complex forms, approximately 6.6%, is more controversial and needs to be refined. We studied in more detail the SPG5-related spectrum of complex phenotypes by screening CYPB1 for mutations in a large cohort of 105 Italian hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) index patients including 50 patients with a complicated HSP (cHSP) phenotype overlapping the SPG11- and the SPG15-related forms except for the lack of thin corpus callosum and 55 pure patients. Five CYP7B1 mutations, three of which are novel, were identified in four patients, two with a complex form of the disease and two with a pure phenotype. The CYP7B1 mutation frequencies obtained in both complicated and pure familial cases are comparable to the known ones. These results obtained extend the range of SPG5-related phenotypes and reveal variability in clinical presentation, disease course and functional profile in the SPG5-related patients while providing with some clues for molecular diagnosis in cHSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arnoldi
- E. Medea Scientific Institute, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
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Giordano C, Montopoli M, Perli E, Orlandi M, Fantin M, Ross-Cisneros FN, Caparrotta L, Martinuzzi A, Ragazzi E, Ghelli A, Sadun AA, d'Amati G, Carelli V. Oestrogens ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 134:220-34. [PMID: 20943885 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awq276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, the most frequent mitochondrial disease due to mitochondrial DNA point mutations in complex I, is characterized by the selective degeneration of retinal ganglion cells, leading to optic atrophy and loss of central vision prevalently in young males. The current study investigated the reasons for the higher prevalence of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy in males, exploring the potential compensatory effects of oestrogens on mutant cell metabolism. Control and Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy osteosarcoma-derived cybrids (11778/ND4, 3460/ND1 and 14484/ND6) were grown in glucose or glucose-free, galactose-supplemented medium. After having shown the nuclear and mitochondrial localization of oestrogen receptors in cybrids, experiments were carried out by adding 100 nM of 17β-oestradiol. In a set of experiments, cells were pre-incubated with the oestrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182780. Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy cybrids in galactose medium presented overproduction of reactive oxygen species, which led to decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, increased apoptotic rate, loss of cell viability and hyper-fragmented mitochondrial morphology compared with control cybrids. Treatment with 17β-oestradiol significantly rescued these pathological features and led to the activation of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase 2. In addition, 17β-oestradiol induced a general activation of mitochondrial biogenesis and a small although significant improvement in energetic competence. All these effects were oestrogen receptor mediated. Finally, we showed that the oestrogen receptor β localizes to the mitochondrial network of human retinal ganglion cells. Our results strongly support a metabolic basis for the unexplained male prevalence in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy and hold promises for a therapeutic use for oestrogen-like molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Giordano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Patologia, Sapienza, Universita` di Roma, 00161 Rome, Italy
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22
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Gambaro A, Ganzerla R, Fantin M, Cappelletto E, Piazza R, Cairns W. Chemical and statistical characterization of selected documents from the archives of the Palazzo Ducale (Venice, Italy). Anal Chim Acta 2009; 651:139-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2009] [Revised: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 08/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Sala G, Trombin F, Beretta S, Tremolizzo L, Presutto P, Montopoli M, Fantin M, Martinuzzi A, Carelli V, Ferrarese C. Antioxidants partially restore glutamate transport defect in leber hereditary optic neuropathy cybrids. J Neurosci Res 2009; 86:3331-7. [PMID: 18615737 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial disease characterized by visual loss resulting from retinal ganglion cell degeneration. Despite the important role of respiratory chain deficiency and oxidative stress induced by mtDNA point mutations affecting complex I, excitotoxic injury has been postulated as a concurrent pathogenic factor. We used transmitochondrial cybrid cell lines constructed using enucleated fibroblasts from three LHON probands carrying the most severe 3460/ND1 mutation and three controls as mitochondria donors, and the osteosarcoma-derived mtDNA-less cells, to study the possible efficacy of two selected antioxidant compounds in preventing glutamate uptake reduction previously observed in LHON cybrids. We demonstrated that two antioxidants, Trolox and decylubiquinone, partially restore glutamate transport impairment occurring in LHON cybrids. Rotenone, a classic complex I inhibitor, did not worsen the glutamate uptake defect present in LHON cybrids under basal conditions but significantly reduced glutamate transport in control cybrids. Furthermore, we observed that LHON cybrids showed an increased protein carbonylation under basal conditions, not further affected by rotenone and partially counteracted by antioxidants. Our findings strengthen the hypothesis that the complex I defect associated with LHON causes free radical overproduction, which is responsible for glutamate transport inhibition. We suggest that selected antioxidants may be clinically tested in LHON patients and relatives to restore glutamate uptake defect caused by LHON-associated free radical overproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gessica Sala
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Technologies, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
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24
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Ganzerla R, Gambaro A, Cappelletto E, Fantin M, Montalbani S, Orlandi M. Characterization of selected paper documents from the archives of Palazzo Ducale (Venice), Italy using various analytical techniques. Microchem J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2008.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Quintieri L, Fantin M, Palatini P, De Martin S, Rosato A, Caruso M, Geroni C, Floreani M. In vitro hepatic conversion of the anticancer agent nemorubicin to its active metabolite PNU-159682 in mice, rats and dogs: A comparison with human liver microsomes. Biochem Pharmacol 2008; 76:784-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2008.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2008] [Revised: 06/30/2008] [Accepted: 07/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Resistance to drugs is a major problem in cancer chemotherapy. Various cellular mechanisms of drug resistance have been identified in cultured tumor cell lines selected for growth in the presence of sublethal concentrations of various anticancer drugs. They involve drug transport and detoxification, qualitative or quantitative alterations of the drug target, repair of drug-induced DNA lesions, and alterations in signaling or execution of apoptosis. More recently, the possibility to simultaneously analyze the expression of thousands of genes using DNA microarrays has allowed exploring the relationships between gene expression and sensitivity to several anticancer drugs. A number of studies using microarrays for identifying genes governing tumor chemosensitivity focused on tumor cell lines. Some clinical studies have also been carried out to investigate whether tumor gene expression patterns could predict clinical response to chemotherapy. Results of these studies are encouraging, indicating that individualization of drug treatment based on multigenic response-predictive markers is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Quintieri
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology and Anesthesiology, University of Padova, Largo Meneghetti, 2, Italy.
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Fantin M, Fischetti C, Trapella C, Morari M. Nocistatin inhibits 5-hydroxytryptamine release in the mouse neocortex via presynaptic Gi/o protein linked pathways. Br J Pharmacol 2007; 152:549-55. [PMID: 17618307 PMCID: PMC2050818 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Nocistatin (NST) is a neuropeptide generated from cleavage of the nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) precursor. Evidence has been presented that NST acts as a functional antagonist of N/OFQ, although NST receptor and transduction pathways have not yet been identified. We previously showed that N/OFQ inhibited [(3)H]5-hydroxytryptamine ([(3)H]5-HT) release from mouse cortical synaptosomes via activation of NOP receptors. We now investigate whether NST regulates [(3)H]5-HT release in the same preparation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mouse and rat cerebrocortical synaptosomes in superfusion, preloaded with [(3)H]5-HT and stimulated with 1 min pulses of 10 mM KCl, were used. KEY RESULTS Bovine NST (b-NST) inhibited the K(+)-induced [(3)H]5-HT release, displaying similar efficacy but lower potency than N/OFQ. b-NST action underwent concentration-dependent and time-dependent desensitization, and was not prevented either by the NOP receptor antagonist [Nphe(1) Arg(14),Lys(15)]N/OFQ(1-13)-NH(2) (UFP-101) or by the non-selective opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone. Contrary to N/OFQ, b-NST reduced [(3)H]5-HT release from synaptosomes obtained from NOP receptor knockout mice. However, both N/OFQ and NST were ineffective in synaptosomes pre-treated with the G(i/o) protein inhibitor, Pertussis toxin. NST-N/OFQ interactions were also investigated. Co-application of maximal concentrations of both peptides did not result in additive effects, whereas pre-application of maximal b-NST concentrations partially attenuated N/OFQ inhibition. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS We conclude that b-NST inhibits [(3)H]5-HT release via activation of G(i/o) protein linked pathways, not involving classical opioid receptors and the NOP receptor. The present data strengthen the view that b-NST is, per se, a biologically active peptide endowed with agonist activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fantin
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Istituto Nazionale di Neuroscienze, University of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Fischetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Istituto Nazionale di Neuroscienze, University of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Trapella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biotechnology CenterUniversity of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Morari
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, Istituto Nazionale di Neuroscienze, University of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy
- Author for correspondence:
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Marti M, Mela F, Fantin M, Viaro R, Morari M. S5 NOVEL THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES FOR TREATMENT OF MOTOR ABNORMALITIES IN PARKINSON??S DISEASE: FOCUS ON OPIOID RECEPTORS. Behav Pharmacol 2006. [DOI: 10.1097/00008877-200609000-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fantin M, Quintieri L, Kúsz E, Kis E, Glavinas H, Floreani M, Padrini R, Duda E, Vizler C. Pentoxifylline and its major oxidative metabolites exhibit different pharmacological properties. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 535:301-9. [PMID: 16545799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2005] [Revised: 01/25/2006] [Accepted: 02/10/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous investigations indicate that some of the metabolites of the hemorheological agent pentoxifylline (PTX), namely 1-(5-hydroxyhexyl)-3,7-dimethylxanthine (M1), 1-(4-carboxybutyl)-3,7-dimethylxanthine (M4) and 1-(3-carboxypropyl)-3,7-dimethylxanthine (M5), concur to some of the biological effects of the drug. However, information on the bioactivity of the major circulating oxidative metabolites of PTX (M4 and M5) is scanty. Here, we compared the effects of M4 and M5 with that of PTX and its major reductive metabolite, M1, on TNF-alpha production and cytotoxicity, endothelial cell proliferation and on the ATPase activity related to some ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Unlike PTX and M1, M4 and M5 poorly inhibited lipopolysaccaride-stimulated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) release by RAW 264.7 murine macrophages, and did not affect at all cell proliferation and upregulation of TNF-alpha-induced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in H5V endothelioma cells. By contrast, M4 and M5 were more effective than PTX and M1 in protecting WC/1 murine fibrosarcoma cells from TNF-alpha cytotoxicity. Moreover, results from ATP hydrolase assays indicated that neither PTX nor its tested metabolites interacted significantly with the human multidrug resistance transporters p-glycoprotein/multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1), multidrug resistance-related protein 1 (MRP1), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Based on these results and literature data, M5, retaining some of the PTX effects but lacking in significant inhibition of TNF-alpha production, may be a promising candidate drug for certain pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Fantin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvari krt 62, 6701 Szeged, Hungary
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Quintieri L, Geroni C, Fantin M, Battaglia R, Rosato A, Speed W, Zanovello P, Floreani M. Formation and antitumor activity of PNU-159682, a major metabolite of nemorubicin in human liver microsomes. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11:1608-17. [PMID: 15746066 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-04-1845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nemorubicin (3'-deamino-3'-[2''(S)-methoxy-4''-morpholinyl]doxorubicin; MMDX) is an investigational drug currently in phase II/III clinical testing in hepatocellular carcinoma. A bioactivation product of MMDX, 3'-deamino-3'',4'-anhydro-[2''(S)-methoxy-3''(R)-oxy-4''-morpholinyl]doxorubicin (PNU-159682), has been recently identified in an incubate of the drug with NADPH-supplemented rat liver microsomes. The aims of this study were to obtain information about MMDX biotransformation to PNU-159682 in humans, and to explore the antitumor activity of PNU-159682. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Human liver microsomes (HLM) and microsomes from genetically engineered cell lines expressing individual human cytochrome P450s (CYP) were used to study MMDX biotransformation. We also examined the cytotoxicity and antitumor activity of PNU-159682 using a panel of in vitro-cultured human tumor cell lines and tumor-bearing mice, respectively. RESULTS HLMs converted MMDX to a major metabolite, whose retention time in liquid chromatography and ion fragmentation in tandem mass spectrometry were identical to those of synthetic PNU-159682. In a bank of HLMs from 10 donors, rates of PNU-159682 formation correlated significantly with three distinct CYP3A-mediated activities. Troleandomycin and ketoconazole, both inhibitors of CYP3A, markedly reduced PNU-159682 formation by HLMs; the reaction was also concentration-dependently inhibited by a monoclonal antibody to CYP3A4/5. Of the 10 cDNA-expressed CYPs examined, only CYP3A4 formed PNU-159682. In addition, PNU-159682 was remarkably more cytotoxic than MMDX and doxorubicin in vitro, and was effective in the two in vivo tumor models tested, i.e., disseminated murine L1210 leukemia and MX-1 human mammary carcinoma xenografts. CONCLUSIONS CYP3A4, the major CYP in human liver, converts MMDX to a more cytotoxic metabolite, PNU-159682, which retains antitumor activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Quintieri
- Department of Pharmacology and Anesthesiology, University of Padua, Largo Meneghetti 2, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
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Gaion RM, Basadonna O, Santostasi G, Fantin M, Maragno I, Dorigo P. Antispasmodic effect of amiodarone on gastrointestinal smooth muscle: possible involvement of calcium. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1988; 294:112-24. [PMID: 3233045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The influence of amiodarone on contractions induced by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated preparations of guinea-pig ileum, duodenum and stomach fundus as well as in rat stomach fundus. In the guinea-pig ileum a concentration-dependent antispasmodic effect of amiodarone (20-70 microM) was observed after 30 min exposure to the drug, but not after 15 min. The inhibition of ACh-induced contraction further increased with time after removal of amiodarone from the bathing fluid. Similar results were obtained in ileum preparations maintained in a low Ca2+ medium (0.35 mM CaCl2) and under these conditions the response to ACh was restored by washing the tissue with a normal Ca2+ medium (1.4 mM CaCl2). Both low Ca2+ and amiodarone depressed the tonic component of ACh-induced contraction more than the phasic one. Guinea-pig duodenum was more susceptible than the ileum to the antispasmodic action of amiodarone and again this effect was slow in onset and not reversible. The highest inhibition of ACh-induced contractions by amiodarone was obtained in guinea-pig stomach fundus. In these preparations treated with a low amiodarone concentration (20 microM) the response to ACh was restored after drug removal. In rat stomach fundus the effect of amiodarone was low and not reversible. Like amiodarone, Ca2+ lowering caused a decrease in the response to ACh with the following order of effectiveness: guinea-pig stomach greater than guinea-pig duodenum greater than guinea-pig ileum greater than rat stomach. The inhibitions caused by amiodarone and by low Ca2+ were always additive. These results indicate that amiodarone exerts an antispasmodic effect on the gastrointestinal tract and that regional and species differences exist for this action. The possible involvement of Ca2+ in this effect is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Gaion
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Padova, Italy
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Santostasi G, Fantin M, Maragno I, Gaion RM, Basadonna O, Dalla-Volta S. Effects of amiodarone on oral and intravenous digoxin kinetics in healthy subjects. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1987; 9:385-90. [PMID: 2438499 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-198704000-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The effect of amiodarone on oral and intravenous pharmacokinetics of digoxin was studied in healthy volunteers. A single 0.5-mg dose of digoxin was administered orally to three subjects both before and after 2 weeks of oral amiodarone (200 mg daily), while three subjects received a 0.5-mg intravenous dose of the glycoside under the same experimental conditions. Two other subjects were given both oral and intravenous doses of digoxin at different times, in the absence and in the presence of amiodarone. After oral digoxin treatment, amiodarone increased peak serum concentration, total area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC), and 5-day urinary recovery of the glycoside, without changes in peak time and absorption rate constant. During the intravenous study, no significant change occurred in AUC and urinary recovery after amiodarone administration. Absolute bioavailability, for the two subjects who received both oral and intravenous digoxin, increased by 36 and 43%, respectively, after amiodarone treatment. Bioavailability derived from the mean values of oral and intravenous AUCs was 33% greater with amiodarone treatment. Apparent volume of distribution and systemic, extrarenal, and renal clearances of oral digoxin were not modified by amiodarone, when corrected for the bioavailability factor. Amiodarone had no effect on these pharmacokinetic parameters during the intravenous study with the glycoside. Our data indicate that increased oral bioavailability is the most relevant change in digoxin pharmacokinetics during the interaction with amiodarone and this can account for the increase in the glycoside concentrations.
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