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Zito P, Manganelli M, Lampasi A, Pipolo S, Lopes R. Final design of the DTT Toroidal power supply circuit. Fusion Engineering and Design 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
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Manganelli M, Testai E, Tazart Z, Scardala S, Codd GA. Co-Occurrence of Taste and Odor Compounds and Cyanotoxins in Cyanobacterial Blooms: Emerging Risks to Human Health? Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040872. [PMID: 37110295 PMCID: PMC10146173 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria commonly form large blooms in waterbodies; they can produce cyanotoxins, with toxic effects on humans and animals, and volatile compounds, causing bad tastes and odors (T&O) at naturally occurring low concentrations. Notwithstanding the large amount of literature on either cyanotoxins or T&O, no review has focused on them at the same time. The present review critically evaluates the recent literature on cyanotoxins and T&O compounds (geosmin, 2-methylisoborneol, β-ionone and β-cyclocitral) to identify research gaps on harmful exposure of humans and animals to both metabolite classes. T&O and cyanotoxins production can be due to the same or common to different cyanobacterial species/strains, with the additional possibility of T&O production by non-cyanobacterial species. The few environmental studies on the co-occurrence of these two groups of metabolites are not sufficient to understand if and how they can co-vary, or influence each other, perhaps stimulating cyanotoxin production. Therefore, T&Os cannot reliably serve as early warning surrogates for cyanotoxins. The scarce data on T&O toxicity seem to indicate a low health risk (but the inhalation of β-cyclocitral deserves more study). However, no data are available on the effects of combined exposure to mixtures of cyanotoxins and T&O compounds and to combinations of T&O compounds; therefore, whether the co-occurrence of cyanotoxins and T&O compounds is a health issue remains an open question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Manganelli
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Environment and Health, viale Regina Elena, 299, 00162 Rome, Italy; (E.T.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Emanuela Testai
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Environment and Health, viale Regina Elena, 299, 00162 Rome, Italy; (E.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Zakaria Tazart
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, University of Malta, 2080 Msida, Malta;
| | - Simona Scardala
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Environment and Health, viale Regina Elena, 299, 00162 Rome, Italy; (E.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Geoffrey A. Codd
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK;
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
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Lampasi A, Pipolo S, Albanese R, Ambrosino R, Bifaretti S, Bojoi R, Bonaiuto V, Castaldo A, Caldora M, Cocchi A, Di Pietrantonio M, Griva G, Lopes C, Manganelli M, Minucci S, Musumeci S, Romano R, Terlizzi C, Trotta A, Zito P. Overview of the Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) coil power supplies. Fusion Engineering and Design 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Akcaalan R, Devesa-Garriga R, Dietrich A, Steinhaus M, Dunkel A, Mall V, Manganelli M, Scardala S, Testai E, Codd GA, Kozisek F, Antonopoulou M, Ribeiro ARL, Sampaio MJ, Hiskia A, Triantis TM, Dionysiou DD, Puma GL, Lawton L, Edwards C, Andersen HR, Fatta-Kassinos D, Karaolia P, Combès A, Panksep K, Zervou SK, Albay M, Köker L, Chernova E, Iliakopoulou S, Varga E, Visser PM, Gialleli AI, Zengin Z, Deftereos N, Miskaki P, Christophoridis C, Paraskevopoulou A, Lin TF, Zamyadi A, Dimova G, Kaloudis T. Water taste and odor (T&O): Challenges, gaps and solutions from a perspective of the WaterTOP network. Chemical Engineering Journal Advances 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Gaio E, Ferro A, Lampasi A, Maistrello A, Dan M, Falvo M, Gasparini F, Lunardon F, Magnanimo A, Manganelli M, Minucci S, Panella S, Proietti Cosimi M, Ratti D, Barucca L, Ciattaglia S, Franke T, Federici G, Piovan R. Status and challenges for the concept design development of the EU DEMO Plant Electrical System. Fusion Engineering and Design 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2022.113052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Tazart Z, Manganelli M, Scardala S, Buratti FM, Nigro Di Gregorio F, Douma M, Mouhri K, Testai E, Loudiki M. Remediation Strategies to Control Toxic Cyanobacterial Blooms: Effects of Macrophyte Aqueous Extracts on Microcystis aeruginosa (Growth, Toxin Production and Oxidative Stress Response) and on Bacterial Ectoenzymatic Activities. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9081782. [PMID: 34442861 PMCID: PMC8400474 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing toxic cyanobacterial blooms in freshwater demand environmentally friendly solutions to control their growth and toxicity, especially in arid countries, where most drinking water is produced from surface reservoirs. We tested the effects of macrophyte allelochemicals on Microcystis aeruginosa and on the fundamental role of bacteria in nutrient recycling. The effects of Ranunculus aquatilis aqueous extract, the most bioactive of four Moroccan macrophyte extracts, were tested in batch systems on M. aeruginosa growth, toxin production and oxidative stress response and on the ectoenzymatic activity associated with the bacterial community. M. aeruginosa density was reduced by 82.18%, and a significant increase in oxidative stress markers was evidenced in cyanobacterial cells. Microcystin concentration significantly decreased, and they were detected only intracellularly, an important aspect in managing toxic blooms. R. aquatilis extract had no negative effects on associated bacteria. These results confirm a promising use of macrophyte extracts, but they cannot be generalized. The use of the extract on other toxic strains, such as Planktothrix rubescens, Raphidiopsis raciborskii and Chrysosporum ovalisporum, caused a reduction in growth rate but not in cyanotoxin content, increasing toxicity. The need to assess species-specific cyanobacteria responses to verify the efficacy and safety of the extracts for human health and the environment is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Tazart
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Environment & Health Department, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Z.T.); (S.S.); (F.M.B.); (F.N.D.G.); (E.T.)
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Phycology, Biotechnology and Environmental Toxicology Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah P.O. Box 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (K.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Maura Manganelli
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Environment & Health Department, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Z.T.); (S.S.); (F.M.B.); (F.N.D.G.); (E.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Simona Scardala
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Environment & Health Department, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Z.T.); (S.S.); (F.M.B.); (F.N.D.G.); (E.T.)
| | - Franca Maria Buratti
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Environment & Health Department, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Z.T.); (S.S.); (F.M.B.); (F.N.D.G.); (E.T.)
| | - Federica Nigro Di Gregorio
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Environment & Health Department, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Z.T.); (S.S.); (F.M.B.); (F.N.D.G.); (E.T.)
| | - Mountasser Douma
- Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology Research Unit, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Khouribga (FPK), Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco;
| | - Khadija Mouhri
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Phycology, Biotechnology and Environmental Toxicology Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah P.O. Box 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (K.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Emanuela Testai
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Environment & Health Department, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Z.T.); (S.S.); (F.M.B.); (F.N.D.G.); (E.T.)
| | - Mohammed Loudiki
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Phycology, Biotechnology and Environmental Toxicology Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah P.O. Box 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; (K.M.); (M.L.)
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Nappi C, Petretta M, Cantoni V, Green R, Assante R, Zampella E, Gaudieri V, Mannarino T, D"antonio A, Manganelli M, Piscopo L, Ponsiglione A, Acampa W, Cuocolo A. Prognostic value of heart rate reserve in patients with suspected coronary artery disease undergoing stress myocardial perfusion imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab111.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background. The prognostic value of stress myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (MPS) has been widely demonstrated. Also, chronotropic incompetence, evaluated by heart rate reserve (HRR) is associated with increased risk of adverse events. Yet, the incremental prognostic value of HRR over stress MPS data has not been fully investigated.
Purpose. To assess the incremental prognostic value of HRR over stress MPS finding in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing exercise stress MPS.
Methods. The study population consisted of 866 consecutive patients with suspected CAD undergoing exercise stress-MPS at University of Naples Federico II, between May 2002 and January 2014 as part of their diagnostic program. The primary study endpoint was all-cause mortality. All patients were followed for at least 60 months. HRR was calculated as the difference between peak exercise and resting HR, divided by the difference of age-predicted maximal and resting HR and expressed as percent. The summed difference score (SDS) was considered an index of ischemic burden. Patients were considered to have mild ischemia with a SDS of 2 to 6, and moderate-severe ischemia with a SDS ≥6. During follow-up, the occurrence of all-cause of deaths was noted and considered as event. Follow-up was censored at 84 months.
Results. During follow-up, 61 deaths occurred, with a 7% cumulative event rate. Patients experiencing death were older (56.2 ± 10.7 years vs. 66.4 ± 8.6 years), with a higher prevalence of male gender (56% vs. 87 %, P < 0.05) and diabetes mellitus (23% vs. 36%, P < 0.05). At stress-MPS, patients with event had lower mean values of HRR (53.2 ± 21.3% vs. 61.5 ± 16.4%, P < 0.0001) and higher prevalence of moderate-severe ischemia (24% vs. 8%, P < 0.0001). The best trade-off between sensitivity and specificity for identifying chronotropic incompetence was a HRR <67% with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.62. The event free survival was lower in patients with HRR <67% compared to those with HRR ≥67% (log-rank 9.75, P < 0.005). Accordingly, the annualized event rate was 0.006 in patients with HRR <67% and 0.014 in those with HRR ≥67% (P < 0.001). At Cox regression analysis, univariable predictors of all-cause mortality were age, male gender, diabetes mellitus, HRR and moderate-severe ischemia (all P < 0.05). At multivariable analysis age, male gender, HRR and moderate-severe ischemia were independent predictors of all-cause mortality (all P < 0.05). HRR improved the prognostic power of a model including clinical data and MPS findings for the prediction of all-cause mortality, increasing the global chi-square from 76.16 to 82.68 (P < 0.005).
Conclusion. Chronotropic incompetence assessed by HRR evaluation, has independent and incremental prognostic value in predicting all cause of death in patients with suspected CAD undergoing exercise stress-MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nappi
- Federico II University Hospital, Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | | | - V Cantoni
- Federico II University Hospital, Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - R Green
- Federico II University Hospital, Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - R Assante
- Federico II University Hospital, Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - E Zampella
- Federico II University Hospital, Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - V Gaudieri
- Federico II University Hospital, Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - T Mannarino
- Federico II University Hospital, Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - A D"antonio
- Federico II University Hospital, Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - M Manganelli
- Federico II University Hospital, Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - L Piscopo
- Federico II University Hospital, Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - A Ponsiglione
- Federico II University Hospital, Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - W Acampa
- Federico II University Hospital, Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - A Cuocolo
- Federico II University Hospital, Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Naples, Italy
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Zuccarello P, Manganelli M, Oliveri Conti G, Copat C, Grasso A, Cristaldi A, De Angelis G, Testai E, Stefanelli M, Vichi S, Fiore M, Ferrante M. Water quality and human health: A simple monitoring model of toxic cyanobacteria growth in highly variable Mediterranean hot dry environments. Environ Res 2021; 192:110291. [PMID: 33027628 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to population growth, urbanization and economic development, demand for freshwater in urban areas is increasing throughout Europe. At the same time, climate change, eutrophication and pollution are affecting the availability of water supplies. Sicily, a big island in southern Italy, suffers from an increasing drought and consequently water shortage. In the last decades, in Sicilian freshwater reservoirs several Microcystis aeruginosa and more recently Planktothrix rubescens blooms were reported. The aims of the study were: (1) identify and quantify the occurring species of cyanobacteria (CB), (2) identify which parameters, among those investigated in the waters, could favor their growth, (3) set up a model to identify reservoirs that need continuous monitoring due to the presences, current or prospected, of cyanobacterial blooms and of microcystins, relevant for environmental and, consequentially, for human health. Fifteen artificial reservoirs among the large set of Sicilian artificial water bodies were selected and examined for physicochemical and microbiological characterization. Additional parameters were assessed, including the presence, identification and count of the cyanobacterial occurring species, the measurement of microcystins (MCs) levels and the search for the genes responsible for the toxins production. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to relate environmental condition to cyanobacterial growth. Water quality was poor for very few parameters, suggesting common anthropic pressures, and PCA highlighted clusters of reservoirs vulnerable to hydrological conditions, related to semi-arid Mediterranean climate and to the use of the reservoir. In summer, bloom was detected in only one reservoir and different species was highlighted among the Cyanobacteria community. The only toxins detected were microcystins, although always well below the WHO reference value for drinking waters (1.0 μg/L). However, molecular analysis could not show the presence of potential cyanotoxins producers since a few numbers of cells among total could be sufficient to produce these low MCs levels but not enough high to be proved by the traditional molecular method applied. A simple environmental risk-based model, which accounts for the high variability of both cyanobacteria growth and cyanotoxins producing, is proposed as a cost-effective tool to evaluate the need for monitoring activities in reservoirs aimed to guarantee supplying waters safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Zuccarello
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratories, Department "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - M Manganelli
- Environment and Health Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - G Oliveri Conti
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratories, Department "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy.
| | - C Copat
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratories, Department "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - A Grasso
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratories, Department "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - A Cristaldi
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratories, Department "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - G De Angelis
- Environment and Health Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - E Testai
- Environment and Health Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - M Stefanelli
- Research Certification and Control Division, INAIL, Via Fontana Candida 1, Monteporzio Catone, Rome, Italy
| | - S Vichi
- Environment and Health Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - M Fiore
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratories, Department "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - M Ferrante
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratories, Department "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
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Guida S, Foti C, Manganelli M, Bartolomeo N, Pellacani G, Bonamonte D, Filotico R, Guida G. MC1R genotype and psoriasis: is there a link revealing a phenotypic difference? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32:e119-e120. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Guida
- Dermatology Unit; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - C. Foti
- Dermatological Clinic; Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology; University of Bari; Bari Italy
| | - M. Manganelli
- Molecular Biology Section; Department of Basic Medical Sciences; Neurosciences and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Bari Italy
| | - N. Bartolomeo
- Hygiene Section; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology; University of Bari; Bari Italy
| | - G. Pellacani
- Dermatology Unit; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - D. Bonamonte
- Dermatological Clinic; Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology; University of Bari; Bari Italy
| | - R. Filotico
- Dermatology Unit; Hospital “A. Perrino”; Brindisi Italy
| | - G. Guida
- Molecular Biology Section; Department of Basic Medical Sciences; Neurosciences and Sense Organs; University of Bari; Bari Italy
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Funari E, Manganelli M, Buratti FM, Testai E. Cyanobacteria blooms in water: Italian guidelines to assess and manage the risk associated to bathing and recreational activities. Sci Total Environ 2017; 598:867-880. [PMID: 28458204 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria thrive in many aquatic environments, where they can produce cyanotoxins with different toxicological profile. Anthropic pressure and climate changes are causing the expansion in terms of time and space of their blooms, increasing the concerns for human health in several exposure scenarios. Here the update of the Italian guidelines for the management of cyanobacterial blooms in bathing water is presented. A risk-based approach has been developed according to the current scientific knowledge on cyanobacteria distribution in the Italian Lakes and on chemical, toxicological and epidemiological aspects of different cyanotoxins, summarized in the first part of the paper. Oral, dermal and inhalation exposure to cyanotoxins, during recreational activities, are individually examined, to develop a framework of thresholds and actions aimed at preventing harmful effects for bathers. Guidelines, also by comparing international guidance values and/or guidelines, provide criteria to plan environmental monitoring activities, health surveillance and public communication systems. Finally the still important scientific gaps and research needs are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Funari
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dept. of Environment and Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maura Manganelli
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dept. of Environment and Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Franca M Buratti
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dept. of Environment and Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Testai
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dept. of Environment and Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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Buratti FM, Manganelli M, Vichi S, Stefanelli M, Scardala S, Testai E, Funari E. Cyanotoxins: producing organisms, occurrence, toxicity, mechanism of action and human health toxicological risk evaluation. Arch Toxicol 2017; 91:1049-1130. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1913-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Manganelli M, Stefanelli M, Vichi S, Andreani P, Nascetti G, Scialanca F, Scardala S, Testai E, Funari E. Cyanobacteria biennal dynamic in a volcanic mesotrophic lake in central Italy: Strategies to prevent dangerous human exposures to cyanotoxins. Toxicon 2016; 115:28-40. [PMID: 26948426 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Vico Lake, a volcanic meso-eutrophic lake in Central Italy, whose water is used for drinking and recreational activities, experienced the presence of the microcystins (MC) producing cyanobacterium Planktothrix rubescens. In order to assess the human health risks and to provide the local health authorities with a scientific basis for planning tailored monitoring activities, we studied P. rubescens ecology and toxicity for two years. P. rubescens generally dominated the phytoplankton community, alternating with Limnothrix redekei, potentially toxic. P. rubescens was distributed throughout the water column during winter; in summer it produced intense blooms where drinking water is collected (-20 m); here MC were detected all year round (0.5-5 μg/L), with implications for drinking water quality. In surface waters, MC posed no risk for recreational activities in summer, while in winter surface blooms and foams (containing up to 56 μg MC/L) can represent a risk for people and children practicing water sports and for animals consuming raw water. Total phosphorus, phosphate and inorganic nitrogen were not relevant to predict densities nor toxicity; however, a strong correlation between P. rubescens density and aminopeptidase ectoenzymatic activity, an enzyme involved in protein degradation, suggested a role of organic nitrogen for this species. The fraction of potentially toxic population, determined both as mcyB(+)/16SrDNA (10-100%) and as the MC/mcyB(+) cells (0.03-0.79 pg MC/cell), was much more variable than usually observed for P. rubescens. Differently from other Italian and European lakes, the correlation between cell density or the mcyB(+) cells and MC explained only ∼50 and 30% of MC variability, respectively: for Vico Lake, monitoring only cell or the mcyB(+) cell density is not sufficient to predict MC concentrations, and consequently to protect population health. Finally, during a winter bloom one site has been sampled weekly, showing that monthly sampling during such a phase could greatly underestimate the 'hazard'. Our results highlight the need to adopt a stepwise monitoring activity, considering the lake and the cyanobacteria specific features. This activity should be complemented with communication to the public and involvement of stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Manganelli
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention - Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy.
| | - Mara Stefanelli
- Research, Certification and Control Division - INAIL, via Fontana candida 1, Monteporzio Catone, Rome, Italy.
| | - Susanna Vichi
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention - Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy.
| | - Paolo Andreani
- Tutela acque - Concessioni e Risorse idriche, Provincia di Viterbo, Via del Collegio, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Nascetti
- Department of Ecology and Biology - University La Tuscia, via S. Giovanni decollato 1, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Scialanca
- Department of Ecology and Biology - University La Tuscia, via S. Giovanni decollato 1, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Simona Scardala
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention - Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Testai
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention - Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy.
| | - Enzo Funari
- Department of the Environment and Primary Prevention - Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy.
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Testai E, Buratti FM, Funari E, Manganelli M, Vichi S, Arnich N, Biré R, Fessard V, Sialehaamoa A. Review and analysis of occurrence, exposure and toxicity of cyanobacteria toxins in food. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.2903/sp.efsa.2016.en-998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ronel Biré
- ANSES‐ Maisons‐Alfort and Fougères, France
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Malfatti F, Turk V, Tinta T, Mozetič P, Manganelli M, Samo TJ, Ugalde JA, Kovač N, Stefanelli M, Antonioli M, Fonda-Umani S, Del Negro P, Cataletto B, Hozić A, Ivošević Denardis N, Zutić V, Svetličić V, Mišić Radić T, Radić T, Fuks D, Azam F. Microbial mechanisms coupling carbon and phosphorus cycles in phosphorus-limited northern Adriatic Sea. Sci Total Environ 2014; 470-471:1173-1183. [PMID: 24246940 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The coastal northern Adriatic Sea receives pulsed inputs of riverine nutrients, causing phytoplankton blooms and seasonally sustained dissolved organic carbon (DOC) accumulation-hypothesized to cause episodes of massive mucilage. The underlying mechanisms regulating P and C cycles and their coupling are unclear. Extensive biogeochemical parameters, processes and community composition were measured in a 64-day mesocosms deployed off Piran, Slovenia. We followed the temporal trends of C and P fluxes in P-enriched (P+) and unenriched (P-) mesocosms. An intense diatom bloom developed then crashed; however, substantial primary production was maintained throughout, supported by tightly coupled P regeneration by bacteria and phytoplankton. Results provide novel insights on post-bloom C and P dynamics and mechanisms. 1) Post-bloom DOC accumulation to 186 μM remained elevated despite high bacterial carbon demand. Presumably, a large part of DOC accumulated due to the bacterial ectohydrolytic processing of primary productivity that adventitiously generated slow-to-degrade DOC; 2) bacteria heavily colonized post-bloom diatom aggregates, rendering them microscale hotspots of P regeneration due to locally intense bacterial ectohydrolase activities; 3) Pi turnover was rapid thus suggesting high P flux through the DOP pool (dissolved organic phosphorus) turnover; 4) Alpha- and Gamma-proteobacteria dominated the bacterial communities despite great differences of C and P pools and fluxes in both mesocosms. However, minor taxa showed dramatic changes in community compositions. Major OTUs were presumably generalists adapted to diverse productivity regimes.We suggest that variation in bacterial ectohydrolase activities on aggregates, regulating the rates of POM→DOM transition as well as dissolved polymer hydrolysis, could become a bottleneck in P regeneration. This could be another regulatory step, in addition to APase, in the microbial regulation of P cycle and the coupling between C and P cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Malfatti
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University California San Diego, 92037 La Jolla, USA
| | - V Turk
- National Institute of Biology, Marine Station Piran, 66330 Piran, Slovenia
| | - T Tinta
- National Institute of Biology, Marine Station Piran, 66330 Piran, Slovenia
| | - P Mozetič
- National Institute of Biology, Marine Station Piran, 66330 Piran, Slovenia
| | - M Manganelli
- Istituto Superiore per la Prevenzione e la Sicurezza del Lavoro (ISPESL), DIPIA, 00040 Monteporzio Catone, Roma, Italy; Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dept. of Environment and Primary Prevention, Roma, Italy
| | - T J Samo
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University California San Diego, 92037 La Jolla, USA
| | - J A Ugalde
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University California San Diego, 92037 La Jolla, USA
| | - N Kovač
- National Institute of Biology, Marine Station Piran, 66330 Piran, Slovenia
| | - M Stefanelli
- Istituto Superiore per la Prevenzione e la Sicurezza del Lavoro (ISPESL), DIPIA, 00040 Monteporzio Catone, Roma, Italy; Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dept. of Environment and Primary Prevention, Roma, Italy
| | - M Antonioli
- Universita' degli Studi di Trieste, Dipartimento di Biologia, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - S Fonda-Umani
- Universita' degli Studi di Trieste, Dipartimento di Biologia, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - P Del Negro
- Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e Geofisica Sperimentale, Sezione Bio, 34151 Santa Croce, Trieste, Italy
| | - B Cataletto
- Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e Geofisica Sperimentale, Sezione Bio, 34151 Santa Croce, Trieste, Italy
| | - A Hozić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - N Ivošević Denardis
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - V Zutić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - V Svetličić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - T Mišić Radić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - T Radić
- Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Split, Croatia
| | - D Fuks
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Center for Marine Research, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - F Azam
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University California San Diego, 92037 La Jolla, USA
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15
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Abstract
Change in climate and water cycle will challenge water availability but it will also increase the exposure to unsafe water. Floods, droughts, heavy storms, changes in rain pattern, increase of temperature and sea level, they all show an increasing trend worldwide and will affect biological, physical and chemical components of water through different paths thus enhancing the risk of waterborne diseases. This paper is intended, through reviewing the available literature, to highlight environmental changes and critical situations caused by floods, drought and warmer temperature that will lead to an increase of exposure to water related pathogens, chemical hazards and cyanotoxins. The final aim is provide knowledge-based elements for more focused adaptation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Funari
- Dipartimento di Ambiente e Connessa Prevenzione Primaria, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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16
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Manganelli M, Scardala S, Stefanelli M, Palazzo F, Funari E, Vichi S, Buratti FM, Testai E. Emerging health issues of cyanobacterial blooms. Ann Ist Super Sanita 2013; 48:415-28. [PMID: 23247138 DOI: 10.4415/ann_12_04_09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes emerging issue related to cyanobacterial dynamics and toxicity and human health risks. Data show an increasing cyanobacteria expansion and dominance in many environments. However there are still few information on the toxic species fitness, or on the effects of specific drivers on toxin production. Open research fields are related to new exposure scenario (cyanotoxins in water used for haemodialysis and in food supplements); to new patterns of co-exposure between cyanotoxins and algal toxins and/or anthropogenic chemicals; to dynamics affecting toxicity and production of different cyanotoxin variants under environmental stress; to the accumulation of cyanotoxins in the food web. In addition, many data gaps exist in the characterization of the toxicological profiles, especially about long term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Manganelli
- Dipartimento di Ambiente e Connessa Prevenzione Primaria, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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17
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Stipa G, Manganelli M, Lolli F. Cyanobacteria biomagnification and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Med Hypotheses 2013; 81:356-7. [PMID: 23673195 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2013.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Manganelli M, Scardala S, Stefanelli M, Vichi S, Mattei D, Bogialli S, Ceccarelli P, Corradetti E, Petrucci I, Gemma S, Testai E, Funari E. Health risk evaluation associated to Planktothrix rubescens: An integrated approach to design tailored monitoring programs for human exposure to cyanotoxins. Water Res 2010; 44:1297-1306. [PMID: 19954809 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2009.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2009] [Revised: 10/20/2009] [Accepted: 10/29/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Increasing concern for human health related to cyanotoxin exposure imposes the identification of pattern and level of exposure; however, current monitoring programs, based on cyanobacteria cell counts, could be inadequate. An integrated approach has been applied to a small lake in Italy, affected by Planktothrix rubescens blooms, to provide a scientific basis for appropriate monitoring program design. The cyanobacterium dynamic, the lake physicochemical and trophic status, expressed as nutrients concentration and recycling rates due to bacterial activity, the identification/quantification of toxic genotype and cyanotoxin concentration have been studied. Our results indicate that low levels of nutrients are not a marker for low risk of P. rubescens proliferation and confirm that cyanobacterial density solely is not a reliable parameter to assess human exposure. The ratio between toxic/non-toxic cells, and toxin concentrations, which can be better explained by toxic population dynamic, are much more diagnostic, although varying with time and environmental conditions. The toxic fraction within P. rubescens population is generally high (30-100%) and increases with water depth. The ratio toxic/non-toxic cells is lowest during the bloom, suggesting a competitive advantage for non-toxic cells. Therefore, when P. rubescens is the dominant species, it is important to analyze samples below the thermocline, and quantitatively estimate toxic genotype abundance. In addition, the identification of cyanotoxin content and congeners profile, with different toxic potential, are crucial for risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Manganelli
- DIPIA-ISPESL, via Fontana candida, 1, 00040 Monteporzio Catone, Rome, Italy.
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19
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Manganelli M, Malfatti F, Samo TJ, Mitchell BG, Wang H, Azam F. Major role of microbes in carbon fluxes during Austral winter in the Southern Drake Passage. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6941. [PMID: 19759822 PMCID: PMC2736376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/29/2009] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon cycling in Southern Ocean is a major issue in climate change, hence the need to understand the role of biota in the regulation of carbon fixation and cycling. Southern Ocean is a heterogeneous system, characterized by a strong seasonality, due to long dark winter. Yet, currently little is known about biogeochemical dynamics during this season, particularly in the deeper part of the ocean. We studied bacterial communities and processes in summer and winter cruises in the southern Drake Passage. Here we show that in winter, when the primary production is greatly reduced, Bacteria and Archaea become the major producers of biogenic particles, at the expense of dissolved organic carbon drawdown. Heterotrophic production and chemoautotrophic CO2 fixation rates were substantial, also in deep water, and bacterial populations were controlled by protists and viruses. A dynamic food web is also consistent with the observed temporal and spatial variations in archaeal and bacterial communities that might exploit various niches. Thus, Southern Ocean microbial loop may substantially maintain a wintertime food web and system respiration at the expense of summer produced DOC as well as regenerate nutrients and iron. Our findings have important implications for Southern Ocean ecosystem functioning and carbon cycle and its manipulation by iron enrichment to achieve net sequestration of atmospheric CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Manganelli
- Istituto Superiore per la Prevenzione e la Sicurezza del Lavoro (ISPESL) - DIPIA, Monteporzio Catone (RM), Italy
- * E-mail: (MM); (FM)
| | - Francesca Malfatti
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MM); (FM)
| | - Ty J. Samo
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - B. Greg Mitchell
- Integrative Oceanography Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Haili Wang
- Integrative Oceanography Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Farooq Azam
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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20
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Manganelli M, Funari E. [Mucilage in the Adriatic Sea: role of possible causal agents and environmental factors]. Ann Ist Super Sanita 2003; 39:77-95. [PMID: 12820574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
The massive accumulation of gelatinous material at and below the seawater surface occurred in Northern Adriatic, at a frequency and with such an extension to cause serious environmental and economic damages. The present review describes the updated knowledge and considers the main hypotheses on mucilage formation. They focus, in turn, on organisms that produce mucilage, on the particular hydrodynamic of the North Adriatic basin, on the role of nutrients, but the trigger mechanism has not yet been really understood. Finally, the theoretical framework recently proposed by Azam et al. is presented. In the organic matter continuum view, organisms of the microbial loop just represent a part of the whole picture from which specific mechanisms of interactions are examined and few important pathways are outlined for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Manganelli
- Istituto Superiore di Prevenzione e Sicurezza del Lavoro, Monteporzio Catone, Roma.
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21
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Abstract
We demonstrated in laboratory experiments that temperature control of marine bacteria action on diatoms strongly influences the coupling of biogenic silica and organic carbon preservation. Low temperature intensified the selective regeneration of organic matter by marine bacteria as the silicon:carbon preservation ratio gradually increased from approximately 1 at 33 degrees C to approximately 6 at -1.8 degrees C. Temperature control of bacteria-mediated selective preservation of silicon versus carbon should help to interpret and model the variable coupling of silicon and carbon sinking fluxes and the spatial patterns of opal accumulation in oceanic systems with different temperature regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay D Bidle
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0202, USA.
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