1
|
Targeting Iron - Respiratory Reciprocity Promotes Bacterial Death. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.01.582947. [PMID: 38464199 PMCID: PMC10925246 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.01.582947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Discovering new bacterial signaling pathways offers unique antibiotic strategies. Here, through an unbiased resistance screen of 3,884 gene knockout strains, we uncovered a previously unknown non-lytic bactericidal mechanism that sequentially couples three transporters and downstream transcription to lethally suppress respiration of the highly virulent P. aeruginosa strain PA14 - one of three species on the WHO's 'Priority 1: Critical' list. By targeting outer membrane YaiW, cationic lacritin peptide 'N-104' translocates into the periplasm where it ligates outer loops 4 and 2 of the inner membrane transporters FeoB and PotH, respectively, to suppress both ferrous iron and polyamine uptake. This broadly shuts down transcription of many biofilm-associated genes, including ferrous iron-dependent TauD and ExbB1. The mechanism is innate to the surface of the eye and is enhanced by synergistic coupling with thrombin peptide GKY20. This is the first example of an inhibitor of multiple bacterial transporters.
Collapse
|
2
|
The Next Generation of Microbial Ecology and Its Importance in Environmental Sustainability. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 85:781-795. [PMID: 36826587 PMCID: PMC10156817 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02185-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Collectively, we have been reviewers for microbial ecology, genetics and genomics studies that include environmental DNA (eDNA), microbiome studies, and whole bacterial genome biology for Microbial Ecology and other journals for about three decades. Here, we wish to point out trends and point to areas of study that readers, especially those moving into the next generation of microbial ecology research, might learn and consider. In this communication, we are not saying the work currently being accomplished in microbial ecology and restoration biology is inadequate. What we are saying is that a significant milestone in microbial ecology has been reached, and approaches that may have been overlooked or were unable to be completed before should be reconsidered in moving forward into a new more ecological era where restoration of the ecological trajectory of systems has become critical. It is our hope that this introduction, along with the papers that make up this special issue, will address the sense of immediacy and focus needed to move into the next generation of microbial ecology study.
Collapse
|
3
|
The Role of Microbial Ecology in Restoration Ecology in the Age of Genomics: A Summary of the Microbial Ecology Special Issue. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 85:1136-1141. [PMID: 37037922 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02206-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
|
4
|
The Role of Microbial Genomics in Restoration Ecology: An Introduction. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 85:779-780. [PMID: 36971795 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
|
5
|
Effects of prenatal dietary rumen-protected choline supplementation during late gestation on calf growth, metabolism, and vaccine response. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:9639-9651. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
6
|
Spatial social network research: a bibliometric analysis. COMPUTATIONAL URBAN SCIENCE 2022; 2:21. [PMID: 37096207 PMCID: PMC10115482 DOI: 10.1007/s43762-022-00045-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
A restless and dynamic intellectual landscape has taken hold in the field of spatial social network studies, given the increasingly attention towards fine-scale human dynamics in this urbanizing and mobile world. The measuring parameters of such dramatic growth of the literature include scientific outputs, domain categories, major journals, countries, institutions, and frequently used keywords. The research in the field has been characterized by fast development of relevant scholarly articles and growing collaboration among and across institutions. The Journal of Economic Geography, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, and Urban Studies ranked first, second, and third, respectively, according to average citations. The United States, United Kingdom, and China were the countries that yielded the most published studies in the field. The number of international collaborative studies published in non-native English-speaking countries (such as France, Italy, and the Netherlands) were higher than native English-speaking countries. Wuhan University, the University of Oxford, and Harvard University were the universities that published the most in the field. "Twitter", "big data", "networks", "spatial analysis", and "social capital" have been the major keywords over the past 20 years. At the same time, the keywords such as "social media", "Twitter", "big data", "geography", "China", "human mobility", "machine learning", "GIS", "location-based social networks", "clustering", "data mining", and "location-based services" have attracted increasing attention in that same time frame, indicating the future research trends.
Collapse
|
7
|
2021 Canadian Surgery Forum01. Design and validation of a unique endoscopy simulator using a commercial video game03. Is ethnicity an appropriate measure of health care marginalization?: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the outcomes of diabetic foot ulceration in the Aboriginal population04. Racial disparities in surgery — a cross-specialty matched comparison between black and white patients05. Starting late does not increase the risk of postoperative complications in patients undergoing common general surgical procedures06. Ethical decision-making during a health care crisis: a resource allocation framework and tool07. Ensuring stability in surgical training program leadership: a survey of program directors08. Introducing oncoplastic breast surgery in a community hospital09. Leadership development programs for surgical residents: a review of the literature10. Superiority of non-opioid postoperative pain management after thyroid and parathyroid operations: a systematic review and meta-analysis11. Timing of ERCP relative to cholecystectomy in patients with ductal gallstone disease12. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing intraoperative red blood cell transfusion strategies13. Postoperative outcomes after frail elderly preoperative assessment clinic: a single-institution Canadian perspective14. Selective opioid antagonists following bowel resection for prevention of postoperative ileus: a systematic review and meta-analysis15. Peer-to-peer coaching after bile duct injury16. Laparoscopic median arcuate ligament release: a video abstract17. Retroperitoneoscopic approach to adrenalectomy19. Endoscopic Zenker diverticulotomy: a video abstract20. Variability in surgeons’ perioperative management of pheochromocytomas in Canada21. The contribution of surgeon and hospital variation in transfusion practice to outcomes for patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal cancer surgery: a population-based analysis22. Perioperative transfusions for gastroesophageal cancers: risk factors and short- and long-term outcomes23. The association between frailty and time alive and at home after cancer surgery among older adults: a population-based analysis24. Psychological and workplace-related effects of providing surgical care during the COVID-19 pandemic in British Columbia, Canada25. Safety of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a systematic review26. Complications and reintervention following laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis27. Synchronization of pupil dilations correlates with team performance in a simulated laparoscopic team coordination task28. Receptivity to and desired design features of a surgical peer coaching program: an international survey9. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rates of emergency department utilization due to general surgery conditions30. The impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic on the exposure of general surgery trainees to operative procedures31. Association between academic degrees and research productivity: an assessment of academic general surgeons in Canada32. Laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) for subepithelial gastric lesion: a video presentation33. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute care general surgery at an academic Canadian centre34. Opioid-free analgesia after outpatient general surgery: a pilot randomized controlled trial35. Impact of neoadjuvant immunotherapy or targeted therapies on surgical resection in patients with solid tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis37. Surgical data recording in the operating room: a systematic review of modalities and metrics38. Association between nonaccidental trauma and neighbourhood socioeconomic status during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective analysis39. Laparoscopic repair of a transdiaphragmatic gastropleural fistula40. Video-based interviewing in medicine: a scoping review41. Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography for prevention of anastomotic leakage in colorectal surgery: a cost analysis from the hospital payer’s perspective43. Perception or reality: surgical resident and faculty assessments of resident workload compared with objective data45. When illness and loss hit close to home: Do health care providers learn how to cope?46. Remote video-based suturing education with smartphones (REVISE): a randomized controlled trial47. The evolving use of robotic surgery: a population-based analysis48. Prophylactic retromuscular mesh placement for parastomal hernia prevention: a retrospective cohort study of permanent colostomies and ileostomies49. Intracorporeal versus extracorporeal anastomosis in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy: a retrospective cohort study on anastomotic complications50. A lay of the land — a description of Canadian academic acute care surgery models51. Emergency general surgery in Ontario: interhospital variability in structures, processes and models of care52. Trauma 101: a virtual case-based trauma conference as an adjunct to medical education53. Assessment of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Surgical Risk Calculator for predicting patient-centred outcomes of emergency general surgery patients in a Canadian health care system54. Sustainability of a narcotic reduction initiative: 1 year following the Standardization of Outpatient Procedure (STOP) Narcotics Study55. Barriers to transanal endoscopic microsurgery referral56. Geospatial analysis of severely injured rural patients in a geographically complex landscape57. Implementation of an incentive spirometry protocol in a trauma ward: a single-centre pilot study58. Impostor phenomenon is a significant risk factor for burnout and anxiety in Canadian resident physicians: a cross-sectional survey59. Understanding the influence of perioperative education on performance among surgical trainees: a single-centre experience60. The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on current and future endoscopic personal protective equipment practices: a national survey of 77 endoscopists61. Case report: delayed presentation of perforated sigmoid diverticulitis as necrotizing infection of the lower limb62. Investigating disparities in surgical outcomes in Canadian Indigenous populations63. Fundoplication is superior to medical therapy for Barrett esophagus disease regression and progression: a systematic review and meta-analysis64. Development of a novel online general surgery learning platform and a qualitative preimplementation analysis65. Hagfish slime exudate as a potential novel hemostatic agent: developing a standardized assessment protocol66. The effect of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical oncology case volumes and wait times67. Safety of same-day discharge in high-risk patients undergoing ambulatory general surgery68. External validation of the Codman score in colorectal surgery: a pragmatic tool to drive quality improvement69. Improved morbidity and gastrointestinal restoration rates without compromising survival rates for diverting loop ileostomy with colonic lavage versus total abdominal colectomy for fulminant Clostridioides difficile colitis: a multicentre retrospective cohort study70. Potential access to emergency general surgical care in Ontario71. Immersive virtual reality (iVR) improves procedural duration, task completion and accuracy in surgical trainees: a systematic review01. Clinical validation of the Canada Lymph Node Score for endobronchial ultrasound02. Venous thromboembolism in surgically treated esophageal cancer patients: a provincial population-based study03. Venous thromboembolism in surgically treated lung cancer patients: a population-based study04. Is frailty associated with failure to rescue after esophagectomy? A multi-institutional comparative analysis of outcomes05. Routine systematic sampling versus targeted sampling of lymph nodes during endobronchial ultrasound: a feasibility randomized controlled trial06. Gastric ischemic conditioning reduces anastomotic complications in patients undergoing esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis07. Move For Surgery, a novel preconditioning program to optimize health before thoracic surgery: a randomized controlled trial08. In case of emergency, go to your nearest emergency department — Or maybe not?09. Does preoperative SABR increase the risk of complications from lung cancer resection? A secondary analysis of the MISSILE trial10. Segmental resection for lung cancer: the added value of near-infrared fluorescence mapping diminishes with surgeon experience11. Toward competency-based continuing professional development for practising surgeons12. Stereotactic body radiotherapy versus surgery in older adults with NSCLC — a population-based, matched analysis of long-term dependency outcomes13. Role of adjuvant therapy in esophageal cancer patients after neoadjuvant therapy and curative esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis14. Evaluation of population characteristics on the incidence of thoracic empyema: an ecological study15. Determining the optimal stiffness colour threshold and stiffness area ratio cut-off for mediastinal lymph node staging using EBUS elastography and AI: a pilot study16. Quality assurance on the use of sequential compression stockings in thoracic surgery (QUESTs)17. The relationship between fissureless technique and prolonged air leak for patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy18. CXCR2 inhibition as a candidate for immunomodulation in the treatment of K-RAS-driven lung adenocarcinoma19. Assessment tools for evaluating competency in video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy: a systematic review20. Understanding the current practice on chest tube management following lung resection among thoracic surgeons across Canada21. Effect of routine jejunostomy tube insertion in esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis22. Recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax following bullectomy with pleurodesis or pleurectomy: a retrospective analysis23. Surgical outcomes following chest wall resection and reconstruction24. Outcomes following surgical management of primary mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumours25. Does robotic approach offer better nodal staging than thoracoscopic approach in anatomical resection for non–small cell lung cancer? A single-centre propensity matching analysis26. Competency assessment for mediastinal mass resection and thymectomy: design and Delphi process27. The contemporary significance of venous thromboembolism (deep venous thrombosis [DVT] and pulmonary embolus [PE]) in patients undergoing esophagectomy: a prospective, multicentre cohort study to evaluate the incidence and clinical outcomes of VTE after major esophageal resections28. Esophageal cancer: symptom severity at the end of life29. The impact of pulmonary artery reconstruction on postoperative and oncologic outcomes: a systematic review30. Association with surgical technique and recurrence after laparoscopic repair of paraesophageal hernia: a single-centre experience31. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in esophagectomy32. Surgical treatment of esophageal cancer: trends in surgical approach and early mortality at a single institution over the past 18 years34. Adverse events and length of stay following minimally invasive surgery in paraesophageal hernia repair35. Long-term symptom control comparison of Dor and Nissen fundoplication following laparoscopic para-esophageal hernia repair: a retrospective analysis36. Willingness to pay: a survey of Canadian patients’ willingness to contribute to the cost of robotic thoracic surgery37. Radiomics in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma: a prediction tool for tumour immune microenvironments38. Effectiveness of intraoperative pyloric botox injection during esophagectomy: how often is endoscopic intervention required?39. An artificial intelligence algorithm for predicting lymph node malignancy during endobronchial ultrasound40. The effect of major and minor complications after lung surgery on length of stay and readmission41. Measuring cost of adverse events following thoracic surgery: a scoping review42. Laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair: characterization by hospital and surgeon volume and impact on outcomes43. NSQIP 5-Factor Modified Frailty Index predicts morbidity but not mortality after esophagectomy44. Trajectory of perioperative HRQOL and association with postoperative complications in thoracic surgery patients45. Variation in treatment patterns and outcomes for resected esophageal cancer at designated thoracic surgery centres46. Patient-reported pretreatment health-related quality of life (HRQOL) predicts short-term survival in esophageal cancer patients47. Analgesic efficacy of surgeon-placed paravertebral catheters compared with thoracic epidural analgesia after Ivor Lewis esophagectomy: a retrospective noninferiority study48. Rapid return to normal oxygenation after lung surgery49. Examination of local and systemic inflammatory changes during lung surgery01. Implications of near-infrared imaging and indocyanine green on anastomotic leaks following colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis02. Repeat preoperative endoscopy after regional implementation of electronic synoptic endoscopy reporting: a retrospective comparative study03. Consensus-derived quality indicators for operative reporting in transanal endoscopic surgery (TES)04. Colorectal lesion localization practices at endoscopy to facilitate surgical and endoscopic planning: recommendations from a national consensus Delphi process05. Black race is associated with increased mortality in colon cancer — a population-based and propensity-score matched analysis06. Improved survival in a cohort of patients 75 years and over with FIT-detected colorectal neoplasms07. Laparoscopic versus open loop ileostomy reversal: a systematic review and meta-analysis08. Posterior mesorectal thickness as a predictor of increased operative time in rectal cancer surgery: a retrospective cohort study09. Improvement of colonic anastomotic healing in mice with oral supplementation of oligosaccharides10. How can we better identify patients with rectal bleeding who are at high risk of colorectal cancer?11. Assessment of long-term bowel dysfunction in rectal cancer survivors: a population-based cohort study12. Observational versus antibiotic therapy for acute uncomplicated diverticulitis: a noninferiority meta-analysis based on a Delphi consensus13. Radiotherapy alone versus chemoradiotherapy for stage I anal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis14. Is the Hartmann procedure for diverticulitis obsolete? National trends in colectomy for diverticulitis in the emergency setting from 1993 to 201515. Sugammadex in colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis16. Sexuality and rectal cancer treatment: a qualitative study exploring patients’ information needs and expectations on sexual dysfunction after rectal cancer treatment17. Video-based interviews in selection process18. Impact of delaying colonoscopies during the COVID-19 pandemic on colorectal cancer detection and prevention19. Opioid use disorder associated with increased anastomotic leak and major complications after colorectal surgery20. Effectiveness of a rectal cancer education video on patient expectations21. Robotic-assisted rectosigmoid and rectal cancer resection: implementation and early experience at a Canadian tertiary centre22. An online educational app for rectal cancer survivors with low anterior resection syndrome: a pilot study23. The effects of surgeon specialization on the outcome of emergency colorectal surgery24. Outcomes after colorectal cancer resections in octogenarians and older in a regional New Zealand setting — What are the predictors of mortality?25. Long-term outcomes after seton placement for perianal fistulae with and without Crohn disease26. A survey of patient and surgeon preference for early ileostomy closure following restorative proctectomy for rectal cancer — Why aren’t we doing it?27. Crohn disease independently associated with longer hospital admission after surgery28. Short-stay (≤ 1 d) diverting loop ileostomy closure can be selectively implemented without an increase in readmission and complication rates: an ACS-NSQIP analysis29. A comparison of perineal stapled rectal prolapse resection and the Altemeier procedure at 2 Canadian academic hospitals30. Mental health and substance use disorders predict 90-day readmission and postoperative complications following rectal cancer surgery31. Early discharge after colorectal cancer resection: trends and impact on patient outcomes32. Oral antibiotics without mechanical bowel preparation prior to emergency colectomy reduces the risk of organ space surgical site infections: a NSQIP propensity score matched study33. The impact of robotic surgery on a tertiary care colorectal surgery program, an assessment of costs and short-term outcomes — a Canadian perspective34. Should we scope beyond the age limit of guidelines? Adenoma detection rates and outcomes of screening and surveillance colonoscopies in patients aged 75–79 years35. Emergency department admissions for uncomplicated diverticulitis: a nationwide study36. Obesity is associated with a complicated episode of acute diverticulitis: a nationwide study37. Green indocyanine angiography for low anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer: a prospective before-and-after study38. The impact of age on surgical recurrence of fibrostenotic ileocolic Crohn disease39. A qualitative study to explore the optimal timing and approach for the LARS discussion01. Racial, ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in diagnosis, treatment and survival of patients with breast cancer: a SEER-based population analysis02. First-line palliative chemotherapy for esophageal and gastric cancer: practice patterns and outcomes in the general population03. Frailty as a predictor for postoperative outcomes following pancreaticoduodenectomy04. Synoptic electronic operative reports identify practice variation in cancer surgery allowing for directed interventions to decrease variation05. The role of Hedgehog signalling in basal-like breast cancer07. Clinical and patient-reported outcomes in oncoplastic breast conservation surgery from a single surgeon’s practice in a busy community hospital in Canada08. Upgrade rate of atypical ductal hyperplasia: 10 years of experience and predictive factors09. Time to first adjuvant treatment after oncoplastic breast reduction10. Preparing to survive: improving outcomes for young women with breast cancer11. Opioid prescription and consumption in patients undergoing outpatient breast surgery — baseline data for a quality improvement initiative12. Rectal anastomosis and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: Should we avoid diverting loop ileostomy?13. Delays in operative management of early-stage, estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic — a multi-institutional matched historical cohort study14. Opioid prescribing practices in breast oncologic surgery15. Oncoplastic breast reduction (OBR) complications and patient-reported outcomes16. De-escalating breast cancer surgery: Should we apply quality indicators from other jurisdictions in Canada?17. The breast cancer patient experience of telemedicine during COVID-1918. A novel ex vivo human peritoneal model to investigate mechanisms of peritoneal metastasis in gastric adenocarcinoma (GCa)19. Preliminary uptake and outcomes utilizing the BREAST-Q patient-reported outcomes questionnaire in patients following breast cancer surgery20. Routine elastin staining improves detection of venous invasion and enhances prognostication in resected colorectal cancer21. Analysis of exhaled volatile organic compounds: a new frontier in colon cancer screening and surveillance22. A clinical pathway for radical cystectomy leads to a shorter hospital stay and decreases 30-day postoperative complications: a NSQIP analysis23. Fertility preservation in young breast cancer patients: a population-based study24. Investigating factors associated with postmastectomy unplanned emergency department visits: a population-based analysis25. Impact of patient, tumour and treatment factors on psychosocial outcomes after treatment in women with invasive breast cancer26. The relationship between breast and axillary pathologic complete response in women receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer01. The association between bacterobilia and the risk of postoperative complications following pancreaticoduodenectomy02. Surgical outcome and quality of life following exercise-based prehabilitation for hepatobiliary surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis03. Does intraoperative frozen section and revision of margins lead to improved survival in patients undergoing resection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma? A systematic review and meta-analysis04. Prolonged kidney procurement time is associated with worse graft survival after transplantation05. Venous thromboembolism following hepatectomy for colorectal metastases: a population-based retrospective cohort study06. Association between resection approach and transfusion exposure in liver resection for gastrointestinal cancer07. The association between surgeon volume and use of laparoscopic liver resection for gastrointestinal cancer08. Immune suppression through TIGIT in colorectal cancer liver metastases09. “The whole is greater than the sum of its parts” — a combined strategy to reduce postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy10. Laparoscopic versus open synchronous colorectal and hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer11. Identifying prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with recurrent disease following liver resection for colorectal cancer metastasis12. Modified Blumgart pancreatojejunostomy with external stenting in laparoscopic Whipple reconstruction13. Laparoscopic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy: a single centre’s initial experience with introduction of a novel surgical approach14. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus upfront surgery for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: a single-centre cohort analysis15. Thermal ablation and telemedicine to reduce resource utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic16. Cost-utility analysis of normothermic machine perfusion compared with static cold storage in liver transplantation in the Canadian setting17. Impact of adjuvant therapy on overall survival in early-stage ampullary cancers: a single-centre retrospective review18. Presence of biliary anaerobes enhances response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma19. How does tumour viability influence the predictive capability of the Metroticket model? Comparing predicted-to-observed 5-year survival after liver transplant for hepatocellular carcinoma20. Does caudate resection improve outcomes in patients undergoing curative resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma? A systematic review and meta-analysis21. Appraisal of multivariable prognostic models for postoperative liver decompensation following partial hepatectomy: a systematic review22. Predictors of postoperative liver decompensation events following resection in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma: a population-based study23. Characteristics of bacteriobilia and impact on outcomes after Whipple procedure01. Inverting the y-axis: the future of MIS abdominal wall reconstruction is upside down02. Progressive preoperative pneumoperitoneum: a single-centre retrospective study03. The role of radiologic classification of parastomal hernia as a predictor of the need for surgical hernia repair: a retrospective cohort study04. Comparison of 2 fascial defect closure methods for laparoscopic incisional hernia repair01. Hypoalbuminemia predicts serious complications following elective bariatric surgery02. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band migration inducing jejunal obstruction associated with acute pancreatitis: aurgical approach of band removal03. Can visceral adipose tissue gene expression determine metabolic outcomes after bariatric surgery?04. Improvement of kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease and severe obesity after bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis05. A prediction model for delayed discharge following gastric bypass surgery06. Experiences and outcomes of Indigenous patients undergoing bariatric surgery: a mixed-methods scoping review07. What is the optimal common channel length in revisional bariatric surgery?08. Laparoscopic management of internal hernia in a 34-week pregnant woman09. Characterizing timing of postoperative complications following elective Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy10. Canadian trends in bariatric surgery11. Common surgical stapler problems and how to correct them12. Management of choledocholithiasis following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Can J Surg 2021; 64:S80-S159. [PMID: 35483046 PMCID: PMC8677574 DOI: 10.1503/cjs.021321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
8
|
Authors' Reply: Passive Versus Active Intra-Abdominal Drainage Following Pancreaticoduodenectomy: A Retrospective Study Using the American College of Surgeons NSQIP Database. World J Surg 2021; 45:3473-3474. [PMID: 34420092 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-021-06257-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
9
|
A205 A PROSPECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF INSERTION VERSUS WITHDRAWAL AS A COMPONENT OF A COLONOSCOPY TECHNICAL SKILLS ACQUISITION CIRRICULUM. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy009.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
10
|
Comprehensive clinical commissioning and validation of the RayStation treatment planning system for proton therapy with active scanning and passive treatment techniques. Phys Med 2017; 43:15-24. [PMID: 29195558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2017.09.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To commission the treatment planning system (TPS) RayStation for proton therapy including beam models for spot scanning and for uniform scanning. METHODS Tests consist of procedures from ESTRO booklet number 7, the German DIN for constancy checks of TPSs, and extra tests checking the dose perturbation function. The dose distributions within patients were verified in silico by a comparison of 65 clinical treatment plans with the TPS XiO. Dose-volume parameters, dose differences, and three-dimensional gamma-indices serve as measures of similarity. The monthly constancy checks of Raystation have been automatized with a script. RESULTS The basic functionality of the software complies with ESTRO booklet number 7. For a few features minor enhancements are suggested. The dose distribution in RayStation agrees with the calculation in XiO. This is supported by a gamma-index (3mm/3%) pass rate of >98.9% (median over 59 plans) for the volume within the 20% isodose line and a difference of <0.3% of V95 of the PTV (median over 59 plans). If spot scanning is used together with a range shifter, the dose level calculated by RayStation can be off by a few percent. CONCLUSIONS RayStation can be used for the creation of clinical proton treatment plans. Compared to XiO RayStation has an improved modelling of the lateral dose fall-off in passively delivered fields. For spot scanning fields with range shifter blocks an empirical adjustment of monitor units is required. The computation of perturbed doses also allows the evaluation of the robustness of a treatment plan.
Collapse
|
11
|
Influence of daily oral prophylactic selenium treatment on the dibutyltin dichloride (DBTC)-induced pancreatitis in rats. EXCLI JOURNAL 2017; 16:89-100. [PMID: 28435430 PMCID: PMC5379116 DOI: 10.17179/excli2016-466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Dibutyltin dichloride (DBTC) is an organotin compound used as model for acute and chronic pancreatitis. Oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms of propagation of acinar cell injury in acute pancreatitis. Selenium is an essential cofactor in the antioxidant glutathione peroxidase pathway. Selenium levels are described to be subnormal in patients with acute and chronic pancreatitis. The aim of our studies was to determine the prophylactic effect of Na-selenite [5 mg kg-1 body weight (b.w.) per os (p.o.) 7 days] on the pathogenesis and course of DBTC- induced pancreatitis. Male inbred rats (LEW-1W Charles River) of 150 g body weight were used in this study. Experimental pancreatitis was induced by intravenous administration of 6 mg kg-1 b.w. DBTC in rats. Na-selenite was administered as daily oral dose of 5 mg kg-1 b.w. 7 days before induction of DBTC-pancreatitis. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured for monitoring levels of oxidative stress. Elimination of DBTC was reflected as tin concentration in bile and urine. Organ changes were indicated by serum parameters as well as histology. A prophylactic Na-selenite application significantly diminished MDA- and bilirubin concentration in serum, activities of lipase and transaminases as well as organ injuries compared to DBTC- treated rats in the absence of Na-selenite. The prophylactic oral treatment with Na-selenite in the scope of DBTC-induced pancreatitis points to a reduced oxidative stress characterized by diminished MDA serum levels and a milder course of pancreatitis suggesting prophylactic substitution with Na-selenite to probably elicit beneficial effect on the clinical outcome in patients with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).
Collapse
|
12
|
Three-point transfusion risk score in hepatectomy. Br J Surg 2017; 104:434-442. [PMID: 28079259 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perioperative red blood cell transfusions are required in up to 23 per cent of patients undergoing hepatectomy. Previous research has developed three transfusion risk scores to assess risk of perioperative red blood cell transfusion. Here, the performance of these transfusion risk scores was evaluated in a multicentre cohort of patients who underwent hepatectomy and compared with that of a simplified transfusion risk score. METHODS A database of patients undergoing hepatectomy at four specialized centres between 2008 and 2012 was developed. External validity was assessed by discrimination and calibration. Discrimination was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). Calibration was evaluated by the degree of agreement between predicted and actual red blood cell transfusion probabilities. A simplified transfusion risk score using variables common to the three models was created, and discrimination and calibration were evaluated. RESULTS There were 1287 patients included in this study, with 341 (26·5 per cent) receiving a red blood cell transfusion. Discriminative ability was similar between the three transfusion risk scores, with AUCs of 0·66-0·68 and good calibration. A new three-point risk score was developed based on factors present in all models: haemoglobin 12·5 g/dl or less, primary liver malignancy and major resection (at least 4 segments). Discriminative ability and calibration of the three-point model were similar to those of the three existing models, with an AUC of 0·66. CONCLUSION The three-point transfusion risk score simplifies assessment of perioperative transfusion risk in hepatectomy without sacrificing predictive ability.
Collapse
|
13
|
The Obesogenic Environment of Commercial Trucking: A Worksite Environmental Audit and Implications for Systems-Based Interventions. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2015.1133339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
14
|
|
15
|
Doctor, what are my options? A prospective cohort study of an individualized care plan for patients with gastrointestinal cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:e171-7. [PMID: 26089728 DOI: 10.3747/co.22.2194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For cancer patients, information about their disease and its treatment is often delivered within a short time period, potentially leading to patient misunderstanding, which can impede optimal patient care. In this 3-part clinical study, we investigated the utility of an individualized care plan for patients with gastrointestinal (gi) cancer starting a new treatment. METHODS In part 1, a comprehensive literature search identified items for potential inclusion in the care plan. Those items were formatted into a questionnaire. The questionnaire was then administered to patients as a structured interview. In part 2, health care professionals involved in the care of patients with gi cancer evaluated the resulting care plan for content and relevancy. In part 3, a 20-week prospective cohort study (10 weeks using standard of care, 10 weeks using individualized care plans) was conducted. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and at 2-4 weeks after administration of the care plan. RESULTS In part 1, a 73-item questionnaire was developed and completed by 20 patients in semi-structured interviews. In part 2, long and short versions of the care plan were created. Most health care professionals preferred the long version. Based on their comments, a final version of the care plan was created. The part 3 study enrolled 104 patients. Overall satisfaction scores were significantly higher in the intervention group at baseline (p = 0.010) and follow-up (p = 0.005). Compared with control patients, the intervention cohort also reported significantly higher overall quality of life (p = 0.044) and fewer symptoms of anxiety (p = 0.048) at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Provision of an individualized care plan resulted in improvements in outcome measures at both baseline and follow-up. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
The workplace is an invaluable venue for health protection and promotion interventions, particularly for truck drivers due to their overreliance on their work environments, a plethora of work-related stressors, and their morbidity rates. Extant efforts of trucking companies to address driver health through worksite health and wellness programs have been inadequate, producing unsustainable results. The Driver Health and Wellness Program Survey was designed for and disseminated to 46 trucking companies to assess the current state of health and wellness programs in the trucking industry, including program participation rates and longevity, program evaluation procedures, and program activities and resources. Findings indicate that programmatic efforts in trucking companies continue to fall short, and health and wellness programs are insufficient to improve health outcomes in a sustainably positive direction. A new integrated, systems-based paradigm is proposed as a conceptual and methodological framework with the potential to meaningfully advance interventions in blue-collar work settings.
Collapse
|
17
|
Effectiveness and Tolerability of the Antidepressant Agomelatine in Daily Practice in Germany: Meta-analysis of 4 Non-interventional Studies. Eur Psychiatry 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(15)31880-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
18
|
Neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy and multivisceral resection to optimize R0 resection of locally recurrent adherent colon cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2014; 40:706-12. [PMID: 24534363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy reduces local recurrence in rectal cancer, but there is a paucity of evidence regarding its role for colon cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of a neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) approach for locally recurrent adherent colon cancer (LRACC). METHODS All patients with non-metastatic LRACC treated with NCRT and multi-visceral resection (MVR) from January 2000 to July 2010 were included. The primary outcome was the rate of R0 resection (negative microscopic margins). Secondary outcomes were toxicities, post-operative morbidity and mortality, local recurrence, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS Fifteen patients were identified. Nine primary cancers were located in the sigmoid and 4 in the left colon. Patients were treated with 45-50 Gy in 25 daily fractions and concurrent 5-FU infusion (225 mg/m(2)/day). En-bloc MVR included between 2 and 5 adjacent organs/structures. All but two resulted in R0 resection. One patient had a complete pathologic response and one had minimal residual tumour cells in the resected specimen. Post-operative major morbidity was 33.3%. No mortality occurred. At a median follow-up of 54 months, there were 2 local, 1 regional, and 2 distant lung recurrences. No grade 3 or 4 acute or late toxicities were observed. 5-year OS and DFS were 90.0% and 63.5% respectively. CONCLUSIONS NCRT followed by MVR is a feasible option for the treatment of highly selected LRACC to achieve R0 resection, while maintaining acceptable treatment toxicity. Short-term oncological results appear satisfactory, including good local control.
Collapse
|
19
|
Adjoint-based reconstruction of an entropy source by discrete temperature measurements. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2014. [DOI: 10.1504/ijcse.2014.064537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
20
|
Risks endemic to long-haul trucking in North America: strategies to protect and promote driver well-being. New Solut 2014; 24:57-81. [PMID: 25053606 DOI: 10.2190/ns.24.1.c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Long-haul truck drivers in North America function in a work context marked by excess physical and psychological workload, erratic schedules, disrupted sleep patterns, extreme time pressures, and these factors' far-reaching consequences. These work-induced stressors are connected with excess risk for cardiometabolic disease, certain cancers, and musculoskeletal and sleep disorders, as well as highway crashes, which in turn exert enormous financial burdens on trucking and warehousing companies, governments and healthcare systems, along with working people within the sector. This article: 1) delineates the unique work environment of long-haul truckers, describing their work characteristics and duties; (2) discusses the health hazards of long-haul trucking that impact drivers, the general population, and trucking enterprises, examining how this work context induces, sustains, and exacerbates these hazards; and (3) proposes comprehensive, multi-level strategies with potential to protect and promote the health, safety, and well-being of truckers, while reducing adverse consequences for companies and highway safety.
Collapse
|
21
|
Mutational Analysis Before and After Neoadjuvant Imatinib Mesylate for Locally Advanced Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)34063-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
22
|
Canadian Surgery Forum1 Is laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy a reasonable stand-alone procedure for super morbidly obese patients?2 Postoperative monitoring requirements of patients with obstructive sleep apnea undergoing bariatric surgery3 Role of relaparoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of bariatric complications in the early postoperative period4 Changes of active and total ghrelin, GLP-1 and PYY following restrictive bariatric surgery and their impact on satiety: comparison of sleeve gastrectomy and adjustable gastric banding5 Prioritization and willingness to pay for bariatric surgery: the patient perspective6 Ventral hernia at the time of laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery: Should it be repaired?7 Linear stapled gastrojejunostomy with transverse handsewn enterotomy closure significantly reduces strictures for laparoscopic Roux-en-Y bypass8 Laparoscopic biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch as second stage for super super morbidly obese patients. Do all patients benefit?9 Sleeve gastrectomy in the super super morbidly obese (BMI > 60 kg/m2): a Canadian experience10 Laparoscopic gastric bypass for the treatment of refractory idiopathic gastroparesis: a report of 2 cases11 Duodeno-ileal switch as a primary bariatric and metabolic surgical option for the severely obese patient with comorbidities: review of a single-institution case series of duodeno-ileal intestinal bypass12 Management of large paraesophageal hernias in morbidly obese patients with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a case series13 Early results of the Ontario bariatric surgical program: using the bariatric registry14 Improving access to bariatric surgical care: Is universal health care the answer?15 Early and liberal postoperative exploration can reduce morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing bariatric surgery16 Withdrawn17 Identification and assessment of technical errors in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass18 A valid and reliable tool for assessment of surgical skill in laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass19 Psychiatric predictors of presurgery drop-out following suitability assessment for bariatric surgery20 Predictors of outcomes following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery at The Ottawa Hospital21 Prophylactic management of cholelithiasis in bariatric patients: Is routine cholecystectomy warranted?22 Early outcomes of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in a publicly funded obesity program23 Similar incidence of gastrojejunal anastomotic stricture formation with hand-sewn and 21 mm circular stapler techniques during Roux-en-Y gastric bypass24 (CAGS Basic Science Award) Exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 improves clinical, morphological and histological outcomes of intestinal adaptation in a distal-intestinal resection piglet model of short bowel syndrome25 (CAGS Clinical Research Award) Development and validation of a comprehensive curriculum to teach an advanced minimally invasive procedure: a randomized controlled trial26 Negative-pressure wound therapy (iVAC) on closed, high-risk incisions following abdominal wall reconstruction27 The impact of seed granting on research in the University of British Columbia Department of Surgery28 Quality of surgical care is inadequate for elderly patients29 Recurrence of inguinal hernia in general and hernia specialty hospitals in Ontario, Canada30 Oncostatin M receptor deficiency results in increased mortality in an intestinal ischemia reperfusion model in mice31 Laparoscopic repair of large paraesophageal hernias with anterior gastropexy: a multicentre trial32 Response to preoperative medical therapy predicts success of laparoscopic splenectomy for immune thrombocytopenic purpura33 Perioperative sepsis, but not hemorrhagic shock, promotes the development of cancer metastases in a murine model34 Measuring the impact of implementing an acute care surgery service on the management of acute biliary disease35 Patient flow and efficiency in an acute care surgery service36 The relationship between treatment factors and postoperative complications after radical surgery for rectal cancer37 Risk of ventral hernia after laparoscopic colon surgery38 Urinary metabolomics as a tool for early detection of Barrett’s and esophageal cancer39 Construct validity of individual and summary performance metrics associated with a computer-based laparo-scopic simulator40 Impact of a city-wide health system reorganization on emergency department visits in hospitals in surrounding communities41 Transcatheter aortic valve implantation for the nonoperative management of aortic stenosis: a cost-effectiveness analysis42 Breast cancer: racial differences in age of onset. A potential confounder in Canadian screening recommendations43 Risk taking in surgery: in and out of the comfort zone44 A tumour board in the office: Track those cancer patients!45 Increased patient BMI is not associated with advanced colon cancer stage or grade on presentation: a retrospective chart review46 Consensus statements regarding the multidisciplinary care of limb amputation patients in disasters or humanitarian emergencies. Report of the 2011 Humanitarian Action Summit Surgical Working Group on amputations following disasters or conflict47 Learning the CanMEDS role of professional: a pilot project of supervised discussion groups addressing the hidden curriculum48 Assessing the changing scope of training in Canadian general surgery programs: expected versus actual experience49 Predicting need for surgical management for massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage50 International health care experience: using CanMEDS to evaluate learning outcomes following a surgical mission in Mampong, Ghana51 The open abdomen: risk factors for mortality and rates of closure52 How surgeons think: an exploration of mental practice in surgical preparation53 The surgery wiki: a novel method for delivery of under-graduate surgical education54 Understanding surgical residents’ postoperative practices before implementing an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) guideline at the University of Toronto55 From laparoscopic transabdominal to posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy: a paradigm shift in operative approach56 A retrospective audit of outcomes in patients over the age of 80 undergoing acute care abdominal surgery57 Canadian general surgery residents’ perspectives on work-hour regulations58 Timing of surgical intervention and its outcomes in acute appendicitis59 Preparing surgical trainees to deal with adverse events. An outline of learning issues60 Acute care surgical service: surgeon agreement at the time of handover61 Predicting discharge of elderly patients to prehospitalization residence following emergency general surgery62 Morbidity and mortality after emergency abdominal surgery in octo- and nonagenarians63 The impact of acute abdominal illness and urgent admission to hospital on the living situation of elderly patients64 A comparison of laparoscopic versus open subtotal gastrectomy for antral gastric adenocarcinoma: a North American perspective65 Minimally invasive excision of ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenomas66 Perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic hernia repair in a tertiary care centre: a single institution’s experience67 Evaluation of a student-run, practical and didactic curriculum for preclerkship medical students68 Joseph Lister: Father of Modern Surgery69 Comparisons of melanoma sentinel lymph node biopsy prediction nomograms in a cohort of Canadian patients70 Local experience with myocutaneous flaps after extensive pelvic surgery71 The treatment of noncirrhotic splanchnic vein thrombosis: Is anticoagulation enough?72 Implementation of an acute care surgery service does not affect wait-times for elective cancer surgeries: an institutional experience73 Use of human collagen mesh for closure of a large abdominal wall defect, after colon cancer surgery, a case report74 The role of miR-200b in pulmonary hypoplasia associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia75 Systematic review and meta-analysis of electrocautery versus scalpel for incising epidermis and dermis76 Accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy for early breast cancer in the community setting in St. John’s, New-foundland: results of a retrospective review77 Acute surgical outcomes in the 80 plus population78 The liberal use of platelets transfusions in the acute phase of trauma resuscitation: a systematic review79 Implementation of an acute care surgical on call program in a Canadian community hospital80 Short-term outcomes following paraesophageal hernia repair in the elderly patient81 First experience with single incision surgery: feasibility in the pediatric population and cost evaluation82 The impact of the establishment of an acute care surgery unit on the outcomes of appendectomies and cholecystectomies83 Description and preliminary evaluation of a low-cost simulator for training and evaluation of flexible endoscopic skills84 Tumour lysis syndrome in metastatic colon cancer: a case report85 Acute care surgery service model implementation study at a single institution86 Colonic disasters approached by emergent subtotal and total colectomy: lessons learned from 120 consecutive cases87 Acellular collagen matrix stent to protect bowel anastomoses88 Lessons we learned from preoperative MRI-guided wire localization of breast lesions: the University Health Network (UHN) experience89 Interim cost comparison for the use of platinum micro-coils in the operative localization of small peripheral lung nodules90 Routine barium esophagram has minimal impact on the postoperative management of patients undergoing esophagectomy for esophageal cancer91 Iron deficiency anemia is a common presenting issue with giant paraesophageal hernia and resolves following repair92 A randomized comparison of different ventilation strategies during thoracotomy and lung resection93 The Canadian Lung Volume Reduction Surgery study: an 8-year follow-up94 A comparison of minimally invasive versus open Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy95 A new paradigm in the follow-up after curative resection for lung cancer: minimal-dose CT scan allows for early detection of asymptomatic cancer activity96 Predictors of lymph node metastasis in early esophageal adenocarcinoma: Is endoscopic resection worth the risk?97 How well can thoracic surgery residents operate? Comparing resident and program director opinions98 The impact of extremes of age on short- and long-term outcomes following surgical resection of esophageal malignancy99 Epidermal growth factor receptor targeted gold nanoparticles for the enhanced radiation treatment of non–small cell lung cancer100 Laparoscopic Heller myotomy results in excellent outcomes in all subtypes of achalasia as defined by the Chicago classification101 Neoadjuvant chemoradiation versus surgery in managing esophageal cancer102 Quality of life postesophagectomy for cancer!103 The implementation, evolution and translocation of standardized clinical pathways can improve perioperative outcomes following surgical treatment of esophageal cancer104 A tissue-mimicking phantom for applications in thoracic surgical simulation105 Sublobar resection compared with lobectomy for early stage non–small cell lung cancer: a single institution study106 Not all reviews are equal: the quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in thoracic surgery107 Do postoperative complications affect health-related quality of life after video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy for patients with lung cancer? A cohort study108 Thoracoscopic plication for palliation of dyspnea secondary to unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis: A worthwhile venture?109 Thoracic surgery experience in Canadian general surgery residency programs110 Perioperative morbidity and pathologic response rates following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiation for locally advanced esophageal carcinoma111 An enhanced recovery pathway reduces length of stay after esophagectomy112 Predictors of dysplastic and neoplastic progression of Barrett’s esophagus113 Recurrent esophageal cancer complicated by tracheoesophageal fistula: management by means of palliative airway stenting114 Pancreaticopleural fistula-induced empyema thoracis: principles and results of surgical management115 Prognostic factors of early postoperative mortality following right extended hepatectomy116 Optimizing steatotic livers for transplantation using a cell-penetrating peptide CPP-fused heme oxygenase117 Video outlining the technical steps for a robot-assisted laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy118 Establishment of a collaborative group to conduct innovative clinical trials in Canada119 Hepatic resection for metastatic malignant melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis120 Acellular normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion for donor liver preservation121 Pancreatic cancer and predictors of survival: comparing the CA 19–9/bilirubin ratio with the McGill Brisbane Scoring System122 Staged liver resections for bilobar hepatic colorectal metastases: a single centre experience123 Economic model of observation versus immediate resection of hepatic adenomas124 Resection of colorectal liver metastasis in the elderly125 Acceptable long-term survival in patients undergoing liver resection for metastases from noncolorectal, non-neuroendocrine, nonsarcoma malignancies126 Patient and clinicopathological features and prognosis of CK19+ hepatocellular carcinomas: a case–control study127 The management of blunt hepatic trauma in the age of angioembolization: a single centre experience128 Liver resections for noncolorectal and non-neuroendocrine metastases: an evaluation of oncologic outcomes129 Developing an evidence-based clinical pathway for patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy130 Hepatitis C infection and hepatocellular carcinoma in liver transplant: a 20 year experience131 The effect of medication on the risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis132 Temporal trends in the use of diagnostic imaging for patients with hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) conditions: How much ionizing radiation are we really using?196 A phase II study of aggressive metastasectomy for intra-and extrahepatic metastases from colorectal cancer133 Why do women choose mastectomy for breast cancer treatment? A conceptual framework for understanding surgical decision-making in early-stage breast cancer134 Synoptic operative reporting: documentation of quality of care data for rectal cancer surgery135 Learning curve analysis for cytoreductive surgery: a useful application of the cumulative sum (CUSUM) method136 Pancreatic cancer is strongly associated with a unique urinary metabolomic signature137 Concurrent neoadjuvant chemo/radiation in locally advanced breast cancer138 Impact of positron emission tomography on clinical staging of newly diagnosed rectal cancer: a specialized single centre retrospective study139 An evaluation of intraoperative Faxitron microradiography versus conventional specimen radiography for the excision of nonpalpable breast lesions140 Comparison of breast cancer treatment wait-times in the Southern Interior of British Columbia in 2006 and 2010141 Factors affecting lymph nodes harvest in colorectal carcinoma142 Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for metastases143 You have a message! Social networking as a motivator for fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery (FLS) training144 The evaluation and validation of a rapid diagnostic and support clinic for women assessment for breast cancer145 Oncoplastic breast surgery: oncologic benefits and limitations146 A qualitative study on rectal cancer patients’ preferences for location of surgical care147 The effect of surgery on local recurrence in young women with breast cancer148 Elevated IL-6 and IL-8 levels in tumour microenvironment is not associated with increased serum levels in humans with Pseudomyxoma peritonei and peritoneal mesothelioma149 Conversion from laparoscopic to open approach during gastrectomy: a population-based analysis150 A scoping review of surgical process improvement tools (SPITs) in cancer surgery151 Splenectomy during gastric cancer surgery: a population-based study152 Defining the polo-like kinase 4 (Plk4) interactome in cancer cell protrusions153 Neoadjuvant imatinib mesylate for locally advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours154 Implementing results from ACOSOG Z0011: Practice-changing or practice-affirming?155 Should lymph node retrieval be a surgical quality indicator in colon cancer?156 Long-term outcomes following resection of retroperitoneal recurrence of colorectal cancer157 Clinical research in surgical oncology: an analysis of clinicaltrials.gov158 Radiation therapy after breast conserving surgery: When are we missing the mark?159 The accuracy of endorectal ultrasound in staging rectal lesions in patients undergoing transanal endoscopic microsurgery160 Quality improvement in gastrointestinal cancer surgery: expert panel recommendations for priority research areas161 Factors influencing the quality of local management of ductal carcinoma in situ: a cohort study162 Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: Does size matter?163 Hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion for extremity soft tissue sarcomas: systematic review of clinical efficacy and quality assessment of reported trials164 Adherence to antiestrogen therapy in seniors with breast cancer: How well are we doing?165 Parathyroid carcinoma: Challenging the surgical dogma?166 A qualitative assessment of the journey to delayed breast reconstruction195 The role of yoga therapy in breast cancer patients167 Outcomes reported in comparative studies of surgical interventions168 Enhanced recovery pathways decrease length of stay following colorectal surgery, but how quickly do patients actually recover?169 The impact of complications on bed utilization after elective colorectal resection170 Impact of trimodal prehabilitation program on functional recovery after colorectal cancer surgery: a pilot study171 Complex fistula-in-ano: Should the plug be abandoned in favour of the LIFT or BioLIFT?172 Prognostic utility of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by colon and rectal cancer173 Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with complete mesocolic excision provides acceptable perioperative outcomes but is complex and time-consuming: analysis of learning curves for a novice minimally invasive surgeon174 Intraoperative quality assessment following double stapled circular colorectal anastomosis175 Improving patient outcomes through quality assessment of rectal cancer care176 Are physicians willing to accept a decrease in treatment effectiveness for improved functional outcomes for low rectal cancer?177 Turnbull-Cutait delayed coloanal anastomosis for the treatment of distal rectal cancer: a prospective cohort study178 Preoperative high-dose rate brachytherapy in preparation for sphincter preservation surgery for patients with advanced cancer of the lower rectum179 Impact of an enhanced recovery program on short-term outcomes after scheduled laparoscopic colon resection180 The clinical results of the Turnbull-Cutait delayed coloanal anastomosis: a systematic review181 Is a vertical rectus abdominus flap (VRAM) necessary? An analysis of perineal wound complications182 Fistula plug versus endorectal anal advancement flap for the treatment of high transsphincteric cryptoglandular anal fistulas: a systematic review and meta-analysis183 Maternal and neonatal outcomes following colorectal cancer surgery184 Transanal drainage to treat anastomotic leaks after low anterior resection for rectal cancer: a valuable option185 Trends in colon cancer in Ontario: 2002–2009186 Validation of electronically derived short-term outcomes in colorectal surgery187 A population-based assessment of transanal and endoscopic resection for adenocarcinoma of the rectum188 Laparoscopic colorectal surgery in the emergency setting: trends in the province of Ontario from 2002 to 2009189 Prevention of perineal hernia after laparoscopic and robotic abdominoperineal resection: review with case series of internal hernia through pelvic mesh which was placed in attempt to prevent perineal hernia190 Effect of rectal cancer treatments on quality of life191 The use of antibacterial sutures as an adjunctive preventative strategy for surgical site infection in Canada: an economic analysis192 Impact of socioeconomic status on colorectal cancer screening and stage at presentation: preliminary results of a population-based study from an urban Canadian centre193 Initial perioperative results of the first transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) program in the province of Quebec194 Use of negative pressure wound therapy decreases perineal wound infections following abdominal perineal resection. Can J Surg 2012; 55:S63-S135. [DOI: 10.1503/cjs.016712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
23
|
Influence of selenium treatment on the acute toxicity of dibutyltin dichloride in rats. Pancreatology 2006; 6:486-96. [PMID: 16864971 DOI: 10.1159/000094666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2005] [Accepted: 01/23/2006] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Dibutyltin dichloride (DBTC) is an organotin compound used as a model for acute pancreatitis. The aim was to determine the effect of various doses of Na-selenite on the pathogenesis and course of DBTC-induced toxic changes in organs and serum of rats. METHODS Experimental pancreatitis was induced by intravenous administration of 6 mg kg(-1) BW DBTC. Na-selenite was applied as a single intravenous dose of 5 mg kg(-1) BW and as daily oral dose of 1 mg kg(-1) BW. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was detected to observe the level of oxidative stress. The tin concentration in bile and urine shows the elimination of DBTC. Organ changes were indicated by serum parameters as well as histology. RESULTS DBTC causes an acute pancreatitis, cholestasis and liver lesions determined by specific elevated serum parameters and several histological lesions. Na-selenite significantly diminished MDA concentration, lipase, bilirubin and transaminases as well as organ injuries compared to only DBTC-treated rats. CONCLUSIONS The treatment with Na-selenite in the scope of DBTC-induced pancreatitis points to a reduced oxidative stress characterized by diminished MDA serum levels and a milder course of pancreatitis. The generation of DBTC-Na-selenite complexes could also be a mechanism to decrease the toxicity of organotin compounds like DBTC.
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
In this retrospective clinical study the incidence of complications in 58 consecutive, with anterior screw fixation stabilized patients after fractures of the odontoid process is evaluated. In 51 patients the fracture has been defined as type II according to Anderson, in 6 patients an oblique type II fracture was present and one patient showed a cephalad type III fracture. Preoperatively, in only 19 % of the patients (n = 11) no dislocation of the dens occurred. 32 patients were treated with single screw osteosynthesis, in 26 patients two screws were implanted. Significant complications with clinical relevance were registered in 14 patients (24 %), in 10 cases (17 %) an operative reintervention was required. Intraoperatively, in one patient a rupture of the carotid artery while winding around the motor drill occurred and in another case a complete malplacement of the screw posteriorly to the odontoid process was observed. A clearly excentric positioning of the implant was evaluated in 5 patients with a consecutive high rate of implant migration (n = 3). Two patients died perioperatively not related to the cervical injury. Postoperatively, one patient with a wound infection due to an iatrogenic perforation of the esophagus required reoperation as well as 4 patients with instability because of implant migration. Patients beyond the age of 65 years (n = 3) were significantly overrepresented in that group. In one case, the secondary intervention was caused by a pseudarthrosis of the dens axis. Complications without any relevance to the clinical and functional long term result were fusions in malposition of the odontoid process in 14 patients (24 %) and 10 (17 %) marginal screw perforations laterally. Differences in the use of one or two screws have not been observed in this study, although the investigations showed a tendency between marginal lateral screw perforations and double screw osteosynthesis and an increasing number of complications in the geriatric cohort.
Collapse
|
25
|
Perfusion abnormalities of kidney parenchyma: microvascular imaging with contrast-enhanced color and power Doppler ultrasonography--preliminary results. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2000; 19:817-821. [PMID: 11127005 DOI: 10.7863/jum.2000.19.12.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of microvascular imaging using contrast-enhanced color and power Doppler sonography. Ten patients with a focal lesion of the kidney were examined. Three patients were investigated with the polymeric butylcyanacrylate-based contrast agent SHU 563A, and the remaining patients were investigated with the galactose-based agent Levovist. It was possible to observe the microvascularization with Levovist during the blood pool phase of the agent over a period of 1 to 3 s at 1 min and 2 min after injection. With SHU 563A, microvascular imaging was possible 0.50 s after injection and lasted for 10.35 min. No intratumoral signals were seen in cysts (n = 6) and the investigated abscess. Weak intratumoral polychromatic effects were observed in both renal cell carcinomas in this series. Metastasis could be differentiated from healthy parenchyma due to lack of the polychromatic effect. SHU 563A is appropriate for performing microvascular imaging. The Levovist-induced polychromatic effects are smaller, of shorter duration, and observable only during the blood pool phase; thus, the expected diagnostic benefit is limited.
Collapse
|
26
|
[Automated speech recognition for the generation of medical records in computed tomography]. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 1999; 171:396-9. [PMID: 10619043 DOI: 10.1055/s-1999-11094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A study was performed to compare the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) with conventional transcription. MATERIALS AND METHODS 100 CT reports were generated by using ASR and 100 CT reports were dictated and written by medical transcriptionists. The time for dictation and correction of errors by the radiologist was assessed and the type of mistakes was analysed. The text recognition rate was calculated in both groups and the average time between completion of the imaging study by the technologist and generation of the written report was assessed. A commercially available speech recognition technology (ASKA Software, IBM ViaVoice) running on a personal computer was used. RESULTS The time for the dictation using digital voice recognition was 9.4 +/- 2.3 min compared to 4.5 +/- 3.6 min with an ordinary Dictaphone. The text recognition rate was 97% with digital voice recognition and 99% with medical transcriptionists. The average time from imaging completion to written report finalization was reduced from 47.3 hours with medical transcriptionists to 12.7 hours with ASR. The analysis of misspellings demonstrated (ASR vs. medical transcriptionists): 3 vs. 4 for syntax errors, 0 vs. 37 orthographic mistakes, 16 vs. 22 mistakes in substance and 47 vs. erroneously applied terms. CONCLUSIONS The use of digital voice recognition as a replacement for medical transcription is recommendable when an immediate availability of written reports is necessary.
Collapse
|
27
|
[Retroperitoneal recurrence of non-seminomatous testicular tumors: computerized tomography findings before retroperitoneal lymph node excision]. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 1999; 170:61-5. [PMID: 10071646 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1011008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In relapsing testicular cancer, additional chemotherapy is followed by abdominal CT. If residual lesions are found, retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy is considered. We studied retrospectively whether morphological criteria can help in selected cases in deciding about lymphadenectomy by distinguishing between vital tumor, scarring and mature teratoma. METHODS In 26 patients who had been treated by salvage chemotherapy and retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for non-seminomatous testicular cancer between 1990 and 1997, abdominal computed tomography and histology were correlated. RESULTS Histological examination found scarring in 10 patients, vital tumor in 6, mature teratoma in 4, and simultaneous teratoma and vital tumor in 6. A single CT criterion for distinguishing between these histologies was not identified. In two patients with large masses which were partly cystic and partly solid vital tumor and teratoma were verified. Scarrings may be expected in cystic lesions at the level of the renal hilus which are lined by a thin and smooth wall. Size did not matter. CONCLUSION Accurate differentiation between vital tumor and necrosis was not possible. Before lymphadenectomy CT, however, localised lesions.
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
|
30
|
Interaction of cholecystokinin and glutamate agonists within the dLGN, the dentate gyrus, and the hippocampus. Brain Res Bull 1996; 39:381-9. [PMID: 9138748 DOI: 10.1016/0361-9230(96)00030-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of sulfated cholecystokinin (CCK-8S) with excitatory amino acids (EAA) was studied on single units of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), the dentate gyrus, and the hippocampal CA3 region in rats anaesthetized with urethane. lontophoretic co-administration of small, individually ineffective currents of CCK-8S and kainic acid or N-methyl-D-aspartate repeatedly elicited an increase of the discharge rate in nearly all geniculate and half of the dentate neurons but not in those of the CA3 region. The effect could be reduced by the CCKB receptor antagonist PD 135,158 more often than by the CCKA antagonist KL 1001. The increased firing due to co-administration of CCK and kainate could also be suppressed by the non-NMDA antagonist CNQX but not by the NMDA antagonists CPP or AP-5, which were otherwise able to prevent the neuron from responding to co-administration of CCK and NMDA. It is suggested that in distinct brain regions the effectivity of the "low level" EAA transmission may be enhanced by small amounts of CCK-8S. This is thought to be mediated by a coactivation of CCK and EEA receptors.
Collapse
|
31
|
Evidence for normal vitamin D receptor messenger ribonucleic acid and genotype in absorptive hypercalciuria. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995; 80:2960-5. [PMID: 7559881 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.80.10.7559881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Absorptive hypercalciuria (a stone-forming condition) is characterized by gut hyperabsorption of calcium, hypercalciuria, and reduced bone density. Inasmuch as these features implicate enhanced calcitriol action in gut and bone, we analyzed the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene to ascertain whether an abnormality of this gene marks patients with intestinal hyperabsorption of calcium. We have compared the frequency of a restriction fragment length polymorphism (Bsm I) associated with different alleles of the VDR gene in a group of 33 well characterized absorptive hypercalciuric patients and a group of 36 normal race- and age-matched control subjects. There was no difference between the distribution of the VDR alleles in the patient population when compared with the normal population. The coding region of VDR messenger RNA was also normal, as determined by both DNA sequence analysis and chemical mismatch cleavage analysis of copy DNA from 11 index absorptive hypercalciuric patients. On the basis of these results, we propose that the enhanced intestinal calcium absorption invariably seen in absorptive hypercalciuria and attendant symptoms of this disorder are not attributable to mutations of the VDR and are not linked to a common VDR genotype.
Collapse
|
32
|
Structure of the ion-pair charge-transfer complex (methylviologen)2+[Pd(mnt)2]2–. Acta Crystallogr C 1993. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270193003129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
33
|
(NH4)2[Re2S16], ein lösliches Metallsulfid mit interessanten elektronischen Eigenschaften und ungewöhnlicher Reaktivität. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1991. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19911031117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
34
|
(NH4)2[Re2S16], a Soluble Metal Sulfide with Interesting Electronic Properties and Unusual Reactivity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.199115121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
35
|
Studies on the triangular cluster [Mo3S13]2?: Electronic structure (X? calculations, XPS), crystal structure of (Ph4As)2[Mo3S13]. 2CH3CN and a refinement of the crystal structure of (NH4)2[Mo3s13]�H2O. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1991. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19916050121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
36
|
Abstract
40 subjects given equal and random amounts of practice on a variable speed pursuit rotor exhibited no contextual interference effect on the performance of two transfer tasks (35 and 60 rpm) 48 hours later.
Collapse
|
37
|
|
38
|
Effects of TRH-analog treatment on tissue cations, phospholipids and energy metabolism after spinal cord injury. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1990; 255:608-14. [PMID: 2123006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone analog CG3703 on biochemical changes following impact spinal cord trauma were investigated by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, high-pressure liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay using parallel injury models in rabbits and rats. Treatment with CG3703 at 45 min after trauma in rabbits significantly attenuated decreases in intracellular pH and reversed increases in phosphodiester to phosphomonoester ratio, as shown by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The improved phosphodiester/phosphomonoester ratio was correlated with improved ATP status after treatment, although there was no improvement in aerobic bioenergetic capacity as reflected by phosphocreatine to inorganic phosphate ratios. In rats, treatment with CG3703 significantly reduced changes in tissue cations (Na+, K+, Mg2+) and water content following trauma, but did not significantly alter the accumulation of free fatty acids or thromboxane B2. Thus, the beneficial effects of treatment with thyrotropin-releasing hormone or thyrotropin-releasing hormone analogs on outcome following traumatic spinal cord injury may be due, in part, to actions relating to ion homeostasis.
Collapse
|
39
|
Opiate-receptor antagonist improves metabolic recovery and limits neurochemical alterations associated with reperfusion after global brain ischemia in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1990; 255:451-8. [PMID: 2243336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Opiate-receptor antagonists improve behavioral, electrophysiologic and/or histologic outcome in various experimental models of central nervous system ischemia. To address the potential mechanism(s) by which opiate-receptor antagonists may exert their protective actions in cerebral ischemia, metabolic and biochemical changes were measured in brain of rats pretreated with the opiate-receptor antagonist nalmefene or vehicle and subjected to 60 min of global ischemia followed by 2 hr of reperfusion. 31P and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to follow the metabolic changes during ischemia and reperfusion, after which brain tissue was frozen in situ. Biochemical assays included free fatty acids, thromboxane B2, ascorbate, vitamin E and amino acids. Nalmefene-treated animals showed more rapid and complete recovery of cellular bioenergetic state (as indicated by the phosphocreatine to inorganic phosphate ratio), tissue acidosis and lactate levels during reperfusion than placebotreated controls. Ischemia/reperfusion caused significant increases of fatty free acids and thromboxane, associated with significant decreases of ascorbate and glutamate; nalmefene pretreatment limited each of these changes. The degree of metabolic improvement as reflected by recovery of high energy phosphates and reduction of lactic acidosis were highly correlated with changes in tissue levels of arachidonate and glutamate. Thus, the beneficial effects of opiate-receptor antagonists in cerebral ischemia may be due, in part, to an ability to enhance metabolic recovery with associated, reduction in phospholipid hydrolysis and excitotoxin release.
Collapse
|
40
|
Lipid alterations correlate with tissue magnesium decrease following impact trauma in rabbit spinal cord. MOLECULAR AND CHEMICAL NEUROPATHOLOGY 1990; 12:147-65. [PMID: 2128684 DOI: 10.1007/bf03159941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Secondary neurochemical events contribute to progressive tissue damage and subsequent neurological deficit after traumatic spinal-cord injury (SCI). Among proposed injury factors are alterations of phospholipids and certain cations. To clarify the relationship of membrane lipid changes (phospholipids, cholesterol, and arachidonic acid) to changes in tissue content of water and selected ions (sodium, potassium, and magnesium) after SCI, these variables were examined in spinal-cord segments from anesthetized ventilated rabbits subjected to laminectomy or to moderate (40 g-cm) or severe (150 g-cm) impact trauma at the lumbar (L2) segment. Trauma caused significant increases in tissue sodium, water, and arachidonic acid content, and significant decreases in phospholipids, cholesterol, potassium, and magnesium content. Alterations in magnesium were significantly related to injury severity. In contrast, changes in spinal-cord water content occurred to a similar degree in the two injury groups, as did tissue sodium and potassium content. Decreases in phospholipids were strongly correlated with decreases in tissue magnesium content, whereas changes in sodium and potassium were less well-correlated. Because magnesium ions play a critical role with regard to cellular bioenergetic state, calcium flux, amino acid receptor function, and eicosanoid production, reductions in tissue magnesium after injury may be important in the progression of secondary tissue damage.
Collapse
|
41
|
Decreases in tissue levels of ubiquinol-9 and -10, ascorbate and alpha-tocopherol following spinal cord impact trauma in rats. Neurosci Lett 1990; 108:201-6. [PMID: 2304630 DOI: 10.1016/0304-3940(90)90731-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Generation of free radicals and subsequent lipid peroxidation have been proposed to contribute to delayed tissue damage following traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). Ubiquinols (reduced coenzyme Q), ascorbate (vitamin C), and alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) are endogenous antioxidants; decreases in tissue levels of these compounds may, therefore, reflect ongoing oxidative reactions. In the present studies, alterations in tissue levels of ubiquinol-9 and -10, ascorbate, and alpha-tocopherol were examined after SCI of varying severity in the rat. Levels of alpha-tocopherol did not change significantly after injury. Ascorbate and ubiquinol levels were decreased after trauma. Changes in tissue levels of ubiquinol, but not ascorbate reflected the degree of trauma. Thus, ubiquinol levels may provide a useful marker of the oxidative component of the secondary injury response.
Collapse
|
42
|
Edema development and ion changes in rat spinal cord after impact trauma: injury dose-response studies. J Neurotrauma 1990; 7:41-54. [PMID: 2342118 DOI: 10.1089/neu.1990.7.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the total tissue content of water, sodium, potassium, and magnesium were measured in spinal cord from pentobarbital-anesthetized rats subjected to impact trauma (T9) of varying severity (low, 25 g-cm; moderate, 50 g-cm; severe, 100 g-cm). Laminectomized animals served as controls. Spinal cord samples were taken from rats in the high injury group at 15 min, 60 min, 4 hr, 24 hr, 3 days, or 7 days posttrauma. Samples from the low and moderate injury groups were taken at 24 hr postinjury. In all groups, spinal cord tissue was rapidly removed (less than 30 sec), frozen in liquid N2, and dissected into the injured segment and adjacent two caudal and rostral segments. Severe injury caused significant increases in tissue water content; changes were present at 15 min, peaked at 24 hr, and continued at 3-7 days. Sodium levels were increased at 4 hr and remained elevated for up to 7 days. Potassium levels were decreased at 60 min, remained at low levels for up to 3 days, and partially recovered at 7 days. Tissue magnesium levels were significantly decreased only at 4 hr and 24 hr. Changes in water content and total sodium at 24 hr were not correlated with injury severity. Although potassium decreases did correlate with injury severity, alterations in magnesium levels had a much higher degree of correlation. Thus, reductions in magnesium content may contribute to the development of irreversible tissue damage. In contrast, edema formation after spinal cord trauma may be an epiphenomenon, since it was found to an equal degree in low, moderate, and severe injuries.
Collapse
|
43
|
Traumatic spinal cord injury in rabbits decreases intracellular free magnesium concentration as measured by 31P MRS. Brain Res 1989; 490:144-7. [PMID: 2758321 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(89)90440-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which traumatic injury to the central nervous system cause irreversible tissue damage remain speculative. Recent reports suggest that a decrease in tissue total and free Mg2+ concentration may be an important factor in the development of such injury after experimental brain trauma. Although total Mg changes have been reported following spinal cord trauma, no studies have examined spinal cord-free Mg2+. In the present study, we have used phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy to determine intracellular free Mg2+ concentration and atomic absorption spectrophotometry to measure total tissue Mg concentration in rabbit spinal cord prior to and following impact trauma. We report that intracellular free Mg2+ concentration decreases from a pre-injury value of 0.80 +/- 0.12 mM (mean +/- S.E.M.) to 0.31 +/- 0.05 mM at 2 h post-trauma. Following injury there was an associated decrease in total tissue Mg and K concentration, but no alterations in tissue Na or water content.
Collapse
|
44
|
Effects of BW755C, a mixed cyclo-oxygenase-lipoxygenase inhibitor, following traumatic spinal cord injury in rats. Brain Res 1988; 463:63-8. [PMID: 3143469 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(88)90527-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BW755C is an inhibitor of both cyclo-oxygenase and lipoxygenase, which has been found to have protective effects after myocardial ischemia in dogs. Impact injury to the spinal cord is associated with tissue ischemia as well as with the accumulation of eicosanoids. In the present studies we evaluated the effects of BW755C after traumatic spinal cord injury in rats. Drug treatment reduced thromboxane B2 levels and improved neurological recovery as compared to treatment with equal-volume physiological saline. The findings suggest that this drug or related compounds may be useful for the treatment of clinical spinal cord injury.
Collapse
|
45
|
N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist MK801 improves outcome following traumatic spinal cord injury in rats: behavioral, anatomic, and neurochemical studies. J Neurotrauma 1988; 5:33-45. [PMID: 3057216 DOI: 10.1089/neu.1988.5.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Antagonism of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) excitatory amino acid receptors limits tissue damage after experimental cerebral ischemia. Spinal cord trauma leads to a progressive decline in blood flow that is associated with secondary tissue damage. In the present studies, we evaluated the hypothesis that NMDA receptor activation contributes to the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury by examining the effects of the NMDA antagonist MK801 after impact trauma to rat thoracic spinal cords. MK801, in doses of 1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg administered intravenously (IV) at 15 min after trauma, improved long-term neurologic recovery. At a dose of 1.0 mg/kg, the drug reduced histologic changes as well as alterations in certain tissue cations found after spinal trauma. These findings suggest that excitotoxins contribute to the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury and that early treatment with NMDA antagonists may reduce posttraumatic tissue damage.
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Alterations in water content and total tissue Na+ and Mg++ of rat spinal cord tissue were followed over time after a 100 g-cm impact injury to the T-9 spinal cord segment. Rats subjected to laminectomy but not trauma served as controls. In the injured segment there was a progressive increase in water content with increased Na+ and decreased Mg++ at 1 hour and 24 hours after trauma. At seven days, water and Na+ content remained elevated, whereas Mg++ levels had returned to preinjury baseline values. Because of its important role in many metabolic and physiological regulatory processes the early decline in Mg++ concentration after trauma may contribute to the development of secondary tissue damage after spinal cord injury.
Collapse
|
47
|
Attainment of therapeutic fluoride levels in serum without major side effects using a slow-release preparation of sodium fluoride in postmenopausal osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res 1986; 1:563-71. [PMID: 3503562 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.5650010611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The bioavailability, biochemical effects, and safety of a slow-release preparation of sodium fluoride were examined. In 8 normal volunteers, a single administration of slow-release sodium fluoride (25 mg) caused a slow rise and gradual decline in serum fluoride concentration, thus avoiding sharp peaks produced by a rapid-release preparation. In 37 patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis, serum fluoride concentration was kept within the "therapeutic window" (95-100 ng/ml) during long-term intermittent sodium fluoride (slow-release) therapy (25 mg twice/day, given for 3 months in each 5-month cycle over five cycles). Serum fluoride was also kept within the therapeutic window in 64 patients who took sodium fluoride (slow release) continuously over 12 months. Serum osteocalcin concentration increased progressively during fluoride treatment (correlation coefficient of 0.88, p less than .001 for the relationship between serum osteocalcin and duration of therapy). Side effects to slow-release sodium fluoride therapy, assessed in 101 patients at two study sites, were minor and included diarrhea in 2 patients, nausea in 2 patients, abdominal pain and cramping in 2 patients, foot pain in 2 patients, and joint pain in 6 patients. Thus, slow-release sodium fluoride confers desired level of fluoride in serum, while providing safety of usage.
Collapse
|
48
|
Effect of medroxyprogesterone and an aorta-derived cell growth inhibitor on B16 melanoma in mice. J Natl Cancer Inst 1984; 72:885-8. [PMID: 6323811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
An aorta-derived inhibitor of endothelial cell and tumor cell growth and medroxyprogesterone, which depresses collagenase expression in vivo, were tested alone and in combination against B16-F10 melanoma in C57BL/6 mice in such doses that either agent alone had little effect. Together, these agents retarded growth of subcutaneously transplanted tumor cells and reduced the number and size of pulmonary tumors after iv tumor cell injection. Of the treatments used, only the aortic factor administered alone prolonged life in mice with pulmonary tumors.
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Abstract
The puberty-controlling function of the mediocortical amygdala in immature female rats was investigated by lesioning this region at different ages and by studying the effects on the onset of spontaneous and experimentally-induced precocious puberty. At 21 days of age, bilateral lesions in the anterior mediocortical amygdala (AMCA) caused precocious puberty and enhanced the puberty-accelerating effect of bilateral lesions produced simultaneously in the medial preoptic area (MPA). Similar lesions, ineffective on day 26, delayed the onset of puberty when produced on day 32 in otherwise untreated rats. Lesions in the posterior mediocortical amygdala (PMCA) at 26 or 32 days of age postponed puberty in untreated rats and inhibited the advancement of their 1st pubertal ovulation that resulted from damage to the ventromedial-arcuate region (VAH) or daily administration of 0.05 mug estradiol benzoate (EB) per 100 g b.w. The results confirm earlier findings of different gonadotropin-controlling activities of the AMCA and PMCA in immature female rats and suggest maturational changes in the function of both areas. The gonadotropin-inhibiting action exerted by the AMCA at 3 weeks of age is lost when puberty approaches; a gonadotropin-stimulating activity seems to develop in both the AMCA and PMCA.
Collapse
|