1
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Amoura A, Pistien C, Chaligné C, Dion S, Magnan M, Bridier-Nahmias A, Baron A, Chau F, Bourgogne E, Le M, Denamur E, Ingersoll MA, Fantin B, Lefort A, El Meouche I. Variability in cell division among anatomical sites shapes Escherichia coli antibiotic survival in a urinary tract infection mouse model. Cell Host Microbe 2024:S1931-3128(24)00136-7. [PMID: 38759643 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI), mainly caused by Escherichia coli, are frequent and have a recurrent nature even after antibiotic treatment. Potential bacterial escape mechanisms include growth defects, but probing bacterial division in vivo and establishing its relation to the antibiotic response remain challenging. Using a synthetic reporter of cell division, we follow the temporal dynamics of cell division for different E. coli clinical strains in a UTI mouse model with and without antibiotics. We show that more bacteria are actively dividing in the kidneys and urine compared with the bladder. Bacteria that survive antibiotic treatment are consistently non-dividing in three sites of infection. Additionally, we demonstrate how both the strain in vitro persistence profile and the microenvironment impact infection and treatment dynamics. Understanding the relative contribution of the host environment, growth heterogeneity, non-dividing bacteria, and antibiotic persistence is crucial to improve therapies for recurrent infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Amoura
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Claire Pistien
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Camille Chaligné
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Sara Dion
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Magnan
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France
| | | | - Alexandra Baron
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Françoise Chau
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Bourgogne
- AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Pharmacocinétique, 75018 Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Santé, Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Toxicologie, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Minh Le
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Pharmacocinétique, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Erick Denamur
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France; Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Fantin
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Agnès Lefort
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Beaujon, Service de Médecine Interne, 92110 Clichy, France
| | - Imane El Meouche
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France.
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2
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Martin MD, Skon-Hegg C, Kim CY, Xu J, Kucaba TA, Swanson W, Pierson MJ, Williams JW, Badovinac VP, Shen SS, Ingersoll MA, Griffith TS. CD115 + monocytes protect microbially experienced mice against E. coli-induced sepsis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113345. [PMID: 38111515 PMCID: PMC10727454 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) is a primary organism responsible for urinary tract infections and a common cause of sepsis. Microbially experienced laboratory mice, generated by cohousing with pet store mice, exhibit increased morbidity and mortality to polymicrobial sepsis or lipopolysaccharide challenge. By contrast, cohoused mice display significant resistance, compared with specific pathogen-free mice, to a monomicrobial sepsis model using UPEC. CD115+ monocytes mediate protection in the cohoused mice, as depletion of these cells leads to increased mortality and UPEC pathogen burden. Further study of the cohoused mice reveals increased TNF-α production by monocytes, a skewing toward Ly6ChiCD115+ "classical" monocytes, and enhanced egress of Ly6ChiCD115+ monocytes from the bone marrow. Analysis of cohoused bone marrow also finds increased frequency and number of myeloid multipotent progenitor cells. These results show that a history of microbial exposure impacts innate immunity in mice, which can have important implications for the preclinical study of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Martin
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Cara Skon-Hegg
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Caleb Y. Kim
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Julie Xu
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Tamara A. Kucaba
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Whitney Swanson
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Mark J. Pierson
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jesse W. Williams
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Vladimir P. Badovinac
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Steven S. Shen
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Molly A. Ingersoll
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France
- Mucosal Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Inserm U1223, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Thomas S. Griffith
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA
- Lead contact
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3
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Koti M, Bivalacqua T, Black PC, Cathomen T, Galsky MD, Gulley JL, Ingersoll MA, Kamat AM, Kassouf W, Siemens DR, Gao J. Adaptive Immunity in Genitourinary Cancers. Eur Urol Oncol 2023; 6:263-272. [PMID: 37069029 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT While urothelial and renal cell cancers have exhibited modest responses to novel immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed death ligand 1 and its receptor, response rates in patients with prostate cancer have remained poor. The factors underlying suboptimal outcomes observed in patients treated with novel immunotherapies are still to be resolved. OBJECTIVE To review the literature and describe the key adaptive immune physiological events associated with cancer progression and therapeutic response in genitourinary (GU) cancers. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We performed a nonsystematic, collaborative narrative review to highlight recent advancements leading to the current state of knowledge on the critical mediators of antitumor adaptive immunity to GU cancers. Further, we discuss the findings on the pre- and post-treatment immunological events that either are unique to each of the three cancer types or exhibit overlapping clinical associations. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Aging-associated immune function decline is a major factor underlying poor outcomes observed in patients treated with both conventional and novel immunotherapies. Other cancer immunobiological aspects associated with suboptimal responses in GU cancers include the overall tumor mutational burden, mutations in specific tumor suppressor/DNA damage repair genes (KDM6A, PTEN, STAG2, TP53, ATM, and BRCA2), and abundance of multiple functional states of adaptive immune cells and their spatiotemporal localization within the tumor immune microenvironment. Understanding these mechanisms may potentially lead to the development of prognostic and predictive biomarkers such as immune cell infiltration profiles and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) that associate with variable clinical outcomes depending on the nature of the novel immunotherapeutic approach. Implementation of newer immune-monitoring technologies and improved preclinical modeling systems will augment our understanding of the host and tumor intrinsic factors contributing to the variability of responses to immunotherapies. CONCLUSIONS Despite the tremendous progress made in the understanding of dynamic and static adaptive immune elements within the tumor immune landscape, several knowledge gaps remain. A comprehensive knowledge thus gained will lead to precision immunotherapy, improved drug sequencing, and a therapeutic response. PATIENT SUMMARY We performed a collaborative review by a diverse group of experts in the field to examine our understanding of the events and crosstalk between cancer cells and the patient's immune system that are associated with responses to novel immunotherapies. An evolving understanding of tumor-intrinsic and host-related immune alterations, both before and after therapy, will aid in the discovery of promising markers of responses to immunotherapy as well as the development of unique therapeutic approaches for the management of genitourinary cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Koti
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| | - Trinity Bivalacqua
- Department of Urology, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter C Black
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Toni Cathomen
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Faculty of Medicine & Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthew D Galsky
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - James L Gulley
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, 75014, France; Mucosal Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ashish M Kamat
- Department of Urology, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wassim Kassouf
- Division of Urology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - D Robert Siemens
- Department of Urology, Queen's University School of Medicine, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Jianjun Gao
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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4
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Rousseau M, Lacerda Mariano L, Canton T, Ingersoll MA. Tissue-resident memory T cells mediate mucosal immunity to recurrent urinary tract infection. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eabn4332. [PMID: 37235683 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abn4332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most prevalent human bacterial infections. New therapeutic approaches, including vaccination and immunotherapy, are urgently needed to combat the rapid global dissemination of multidrug-resistant uropathogens. Development of therapies is impeded by an incomplete understanding of memory development during UTI. Here, we found that reducing bacterial load early in infection, by reducing the inoculum or with antibiotics after infection, completely abrogated the protective memory response. We observed a mixed T helper (TH) cell polarization, composed of TH1, TH2, and TH17 T cells, among T cells infiltrating the bladder during primary infection. Thus, we hypothesized that reducing antigen load altered TH cell polarization, leading to poor memory. Unexpectedly, however, TH cell polarization was unchanged in these scenarios. Instead, we uncovered a population of tissue-resident memory (TRM) T cells that was significantly reduced in the absence of sufficient antigen. Demonstrating that TRM cells are necessary for immune memory, transfer of lymph node- or spleen-derived infection-experienced T cells to naïve animals did not confer protection against infection. Supporting that TRM cells are sufficient to protect against recurrent UTI, animals depleted of systemic T cells, or treated with FTY720 to block memory lymphocyte migration from lymph nodes to infected tissue, were equally protected compared with unmanipulated mice against a second UTI. Thus, we uncovered an unappreciated key role for TRM cells in the memory response to bacterial infection in the bladder mucosa, providing a target for non-antibiotic-based immunotherapy and/or new vaccine strategies to prevent recurrent UTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Rousseau
- Mucosal Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Inserm U1223, Paris 75015, France
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France
| | - Livia Lacerda Mariano
- Mucosal Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Inserm U1223, Paris 75015, France
| | - Tracy Canton
- Mucosal Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Inserm U1223, Paris 75015, France
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Mucosal Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Inserm U1223, Paris 75015, France
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris 75014, France
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5
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Ingersoll MA. Does immune cell exhaustion lie at the heart of BCG-unresponsive disease? Nat Rev Urol 2022; 20:201-202. [PMID: 36456853 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-022-00687-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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6
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Tsoumtsa Meda LL, Landraud L, Petracchini S, Descorps-Declere S, Perthame E, Nahori MA, Ramirez Finn L, Ingersoll MA, Patiño-Navarrete R, Glaser P, Bonnet R, Dussurget O, Denamur E, Mettouchi A, Lemichez E. The cnf1 gene is associated with an expanding Escherichia coli ST131 H30Rx/C2 subclade and confers a competitive advantage for gut colonization. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2121577. [PMID: 36154446 PMCID: PMC9519008 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2121577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological projections point to acquisition of ever-expanding multidrug resistance (MDR) by Escherichia coli, a commensal of the digestive tract and a source of urinary tract pathogens. Bioinformatics analyses of a large collection of E. coli genomes from EnteroBase, enriched in clinical isolates of worldwide origins, suggest the Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor 1 (CNF1)-toxin encoding gene, cnf1, is preferentially distributed in four common sequence types (ST) encompassing the pandemic E. coli MDR lineage ST131. This lineage is responsible for a majority of extraintestinal infections that escape first-line antibiotic treatment, with known enhanced capacities to colonize the gastrointestinal tract. Statistical projections based on this dataset point to a global expansion of cnf1-positive multidrug-resistant ST131 strains from subclade H30Rx/C2, accounting for a rising prevalence of cnf1-positive strains in ST131. Despite the absence of phylogeographical signals, cnf1-positive isolates segregated into clusters in the ST131-H30Rx/C2 phylogeny, sharing a similar profile of virulence factors and the same cnf1 allele. The suggested dominant expansion of cnf1-positive strains in ST131-H30Rx/C2 led us to uncover the competitive advantage conferred by cnf1 for gut colonization to the clinical strain EC131GY ST131-H30Rx/C2 versus cnf1-deleted isogenic strain. Complementation experiments showed that colon tissue invasion was compromised in the absence of deamidase activity on Rho GTPases by CNF1. Hence, gut colonization factor function of cnf1 was confirmed for another clinical strain ST131-H30Rx/C2. In addition, functional analysis of the cnf1-positive clinical strain EC131GY ST131-H30Rx/C2 and a cnf1-deleted isogenic strain showed no detectable impact of the CNF1 gene on bacterial fitness and inflammation during the acute phase of bladder monoinfection. Together these data argue for an absence of role of CNF1 in virulence during UTI, while enhancing gut colonization capacities of ST131-H30Rx/C2 and suggested expansion of cnf1-positive MDR isolates in subclade ST131-H30Rx/C2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landry L. Tsoumtsa Meda
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, INSERM U1306, Unité des Toxines Bactériennes, Département de Microbiologie, Paris, France
| | - Luce Landraud
- Université Paris Cité et Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris, France,Laboratoire Microbiologie-hygiène, AP-HP, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes, France
| | - Serena Petracchini
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, INSERM U1306, Unité des Toxines Bactériennes, Département de Microbiologie, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Descorps-Declere
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, INSERM U1306, Unité des Toxines Bactériennes, Département de Microbiologie, Paris, France,Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Paris, France
| | - Emeline Perthame
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Anne Nahori
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, INSERM U1306, Unité des Toxines Bactériennes, Département de Microbiologie, Paris, France
| | - Laura Ramirez Finn
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Immunology, Mucosal Inflammation and Immunity group, Paris, France,Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, INSERM U1016, Paris, France
| | - Molly A. Ingersoll
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Immunology, Mucosal Inflammation and Immunity group, Paris, France,Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR8104, INSERM U1016, Paris, France
| | - Rafael Patiño-Navarrete
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Unité Ecologie et Evolution de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, Département de Microbiologie, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Glaser
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Unité Ecologie et Evolution de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, Département de Microbiologie, Paris, France
| | - Richard Bonnet
- UMR INSERM U1071, INRA USC-2018, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France,Centre National de Référence de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Olivier Dussurget
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Unité de Recherche Yersinia, Département de Microbiologie, Paris, France
| | - Erick Denamur
- Université Paris Cité et Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris, France,AP-HP, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Amel Mettouchi
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, INSERM U1306, Unité des Toxines Bactériennes, Département de Microbiologie, Paris, France,Amel Mettouchi Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, INSERM U1306, Unité des Toxines Bactériennes, Département de Microbiologie, 75015Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Lemichez
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, INSERM U1306, Unité des Toxines Bactériennes, Département de Microbiologie, Paris, France,CONTACT Emmanuel Lemichez
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7
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Abstract
Ageing is correlated with elevated bladder cancer incidence, morbidity and mortality. Advanced age is also associated with elevated markers of chronic inflammation and perturbations in gut and urinary tract microbiota. One reason for the increased incidence and mortality of bladder cancer in the elderly might be that age-associated changes in multiple microbiomes induce systemic metabolic changes that contribute to immune dysregulation with potentially tumorigenic effects. The gut and urinary microbiomes could be dysregulated in bladder cancer, although the effect of these changes is poorly understood. Each of these domains - the immune system, gut microbiome and urinary microbiome - might also influence the response of patients with bladder cancer to treatment. Improved understanding of age-related alterations to the immune system and gut and urinary microbiomes could provide possible insight into the risk of bladder cancer development and progression in the elderly. In patients with bladder cancer, improved understanding of microbiota might also provide potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Martin
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | | | - Shahid Umar
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Paris, France.,Mucosal Inflammation and Immunity group, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - John A Taylor
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
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8
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Luzuriaga MA, Herbert FC, Brohlin OR, Gadhvi J, Howlett T, Shahrivarkevishahi A, Wijesundara YH, Venkitapathi S, Veera K, Ehrman R, Benjamin CE, Popal S, Burton MD, Ingersoll MA, De Nisco NJ, Gassensmith JJ. Metal-Organic Framework Encapsulated Whole-Cell Vaccines Enhance Humoral Immunity against Bacterial Infection. ACS Nano 2021; 15:17426-17438. [PMID: 34546723 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The increasing rate of resistance of bacterial infection against antibiotics requires next generation approaches to fight potential pandemic spread. The development of vaccines against pathogenic bacteria has been difficult owing, in part, to the genetic diversity of bacteria. Hence, there are many potential target antigens and little a priori knowledge of which antigen/s will elicit protective immunity. The painstaking process of selecting appropriate antigens could be avoided with whole-cell bacteria; however, whole-cell formulations typically fail to produce long-term and durable immune responses. These complications are one reason why no vaccine against any type of pathogenic E. coli has been successfully clinically translated. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate a method to enhance the immunogenicity of a model pathogenic E. coli strain by forming a slow releasing depot. The E. coli strain CFT073 was biomimetically mineralized within a metal-organic framework (MOF). This process encapsulates the bacteria within 30 min in water and at ambient temperatures. Vaccination with this formulation substantially enhances antibody production and results in significantly enhanced survival in a mouse model of bacteremia compared to standard inactivated formulations.
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9
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Lupo F, Ingersoll MA, Pineda MA. The glycobiology of uropathogenic E. coli infection: the sweet and bitter role of sugars in urinary tract immunity. Immunology 2021; 164:3-14. [PMID: 33763853 PMCID: PMC8358714 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are among the most prevalent infectious diseases and the most common cause of nosocomial infections, worldwide. Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) are responsible for approximately 80% of all UTI, which most commonly affect the bladder. UPEC colonize the urinary tract by ascension of the urethra, followed by cell invasion, and proliferation inside and outside urothelial cells, thereby causing symptomatic infections and quiescent intracellular reservoirs that may lead to recurrence. Sugars, or glycans, are key molecules for host–pathogen interactions, and UTI are no exception. Surface glycans regulate many of the events associated with UPEC adhesion and infection, as well as induction of the host immune response. While the bacterial protein FimH binds mannose‐containing host glycoproteins to initiate infection and UPEC‐secreted polysaccharides block immune mechanisms to favour intracellular replication, host glycans on the urothelial surface and on secreted glycoproteins prevent or limit infection by inhibiting UPEC adhesion. Given the importance of glycans during UTI, here we review the glycobiology of UPEC infection to highlight fundamental sugar‐mediated processes of immunological interest for their potential clinical applications. Interdisciplinary approaches incorporating glycomics and infection biology may help to develop novel non‐antibiotic‐based therapeutic strategies for bacterial infections as the spread of antimicrobial‐resistant uropathogens is currently threatening modern healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Lupo
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Miguel A Pineda
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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10
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Rousseau M, O’Brien CJ, Antequera E, Zdimerova H, Cansever D, Canton T, Zychlinsky Scharff A, Ingersoll MA. Identification of Sex Differences in Tumor-Specific T Cell Infiltration in Bladder Tumor-Bearing Mice Treated with BCG Immunotherapy. Bladder Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/blc-200384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer for men. However, women are often diagnosed with later stage disease and have poorer outcomes. Whether immune-based sex differences contribute to this discrepancy is unclear. In addition, models to investigate tumor-specific immunity in bladder cancer, in the context of tumor development or response to therapy, are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To address this specific unmet need, we incorporated a commonly used model antigen, ovalbumin, into two well-established models of bladder cancer; the orthotopic MB49 cell line model and the carcinogenic BBN bladder cancer model. METHOD: We tested the utility of these models to investigate tumor-specific immunity in the context of immunotherapy in both sexes. RESULTS: We found that BCG vaccination, prior to weekly BCG instillation does not impart an immune-specific benefit to tumor-bearing mice in the context of multiple BCG instillations. Furthermore, tumors developed in the testes in male mice, precluding the use of the MB49 model to directly investigate sex-based immune differences. In the BBN model, we observed that more tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cells infiltrated male bladders compared to female bladders in the context of BCG immunotherapy whereas regulatory T cells had higher levels of the exhaustion marker PD-1 in female mice. CONCLUSIONS: We propose our modified BBN model will contribute to our understanding of how tumor-specific immunity arises in bladder cancer. Additionally, the BBN bladder cancer model may help to uncover sex differences in tumor-specific immunity, which would provide valuable information for the development of new treatments or combination therapies for bladder cancer in women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Rousseau
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Conan J.O. O’Brien
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Eduardo Antequera
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Hana Zdimerova
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Dilay Cansever
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Tracy Canton
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | | | - Molly A. Ingersoll
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- INSERM U1223, Paris, France
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11
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Lupo F, Rousseau M, Canton T, Ingersoll MA. The Immune System Fails to Mount a Protective Response to Gram-Positive or Gram-Negative Bacterial Prostatitis. J Immunol 2020; 205:2763-2777. [PMID: 33055280 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial prostatitis affects 1% of men, with increased incidence in the elderly. Acute bacterial prostatitis frequently progresses to chronicity, marked by recurrent episodes interspersed with asymptomatic periods of variable duration. Antibiotic treatment is standard of care; however, dissemination of antimicrobially resistant uropathogens threatens therapy efficacy. Thus, development of nonantibiotic-based approaches to treat chronic disease is a priority. Currently, why chronic prostatitis arises is unclear, as the immune response to prostate infection is incompletely understood. As 80% of prostatitis cases are caused by Gram-negative uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) or Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis, we used a mouse transurethral instillation model to address the hypothesis that an innate immune response fails to develop following prostate infection with these uropathogens, leading to chronic disease. Surprisingly, infection induced robust proinflammatory cytokine expression and myeloid cell infiltration. Following a second infection, cytokine responses and innate cell infiltration were largely comparable to primary infection. Characteristic of memory responses, more lymphoid cells infiltrated the prostate in a second infection compared with a first, suggesting that adaptive immunity develops to eliminate the pathogens. Unexpectedly, bacterial burden in prostates challenged with either UPEC or E. faecalis was equal or greater than primary infection despite that a protective adaptive response to UPEC infection was evident in the bladder of the same animals. Our findings support that chronic or recurrent prostatitis develops despite strong innate immune responses and may be the result of a failure to develop immune memory to infection, pointing to actionable targets for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Lupo
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; and INSERM U1223, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Rousseau
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; and INSERM U1223, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Tracy Canton
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; and INSERM U1223, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; and INSERM U1223, 75015 Paris, France
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12
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Lacerda Mariano L, Rousseau M, Varet H, Legendre R, Gentek R, Saenz Coronilla J, Bajenoff M, Gomez Perdiguero E, Ingersoll MA. Functionally distinct resident macrophage subsets differentially shape responses to infection in the bladder. Sci Adv 2020; 6:6/48/eabc5739. [PMID: 33239294 PMCID: PMC7688323 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc5739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Resident macrophages are abundant in the bladder, playing key roles in immunity to uropathogens. Yet, whether they are heterogeneous, where they come from, and how they respond to infection remain largely unknown. We identified two macrophage subsets in mouse bladders, MacM in muscle and MacL in the lamina propria, each with distinct protein expression and transcriptomes. Using a urinary tract infection model, we validated our transcriptomic analyses, finding that MacM macrophages phagocytosed more bacteria and polarized to an anti-inflammatory profile, whereas MacL macrophages died rapidly during infection. During resolution, monocyte-derived cells contributed to tissue-resident macrophage pools and both subsets acquired transcriptional profiles distinct from naïve macrophages. Macrophage depletion resulted in the induction of a type 1-biased immune response to a second urinary tract infection, improving bacterial clearance. Our study uncovers the biology of resident macrophages and their responses to an exceedingly common infection in a largely overlooked organ, the bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Lacerda Mariano
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
- INSERM U1223 Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Rousseau
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
- INSERM U1223 Paris, France
| | - Hugo Varet
- Bioinformatic and Biostatistic Hub, Department of Computational Biology, Institut Pasteur, USR 3756 CNRS, Paris, France
- Biomics Platform, Center for Technological Resources and Research (C2RT), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Rachel Legendre
- Bioinformatic and Biostatistic Hub, Department of Computational Biology, Institut Pasteur, USR 3756 CNRS, Paris, France
- Biomics Platform, Center for Technological Resources and Research (C2RT), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Rebecca Gentek
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Javier Saenz Coronilla
- Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, CNRS UMR3738, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Marc Bajenoff
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Elisa Gomez Perdiguero
- Macrophages and Endothelial Cells, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, CNRS UMR3738, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France.
- INSERM U1223 Paris, France
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13
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Koti M, Ingersoll MA, Gupta S, Lam CM, Li X, Kamat AM, Black PC, Siemens DR. Sex Differences in Bladder Cancer Immunobiology and Outcomes: A Collaborative Review with Implications for Treatment. Eur Urol Oncol 2020; 3:622-630. [PMID: 32967818 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) exhibits significant sexual dimorphism in the incidence, etiology, and response to intravesical immunotherapy. Environmental factors such as tobacco use and clinical management issues such as delayed presentation have widely been associated with sex differences in UCB outcomes. Emerging findings from immune checkpoint blockade trials are suggestive of differential outcomes in females compared with males. Sex-specific differences in the way immune system functions and responds to pathogenic insults are well established. As such, an in-depth understanding of the genetic and epigenetic factors contributing to sex-associated differences in response to immunomodulatory therapies is needed urgently for improved management of UCB. OBJECTIVE To review the associations between patient sex and clinical outcomes, with a focus on the incidence, host intrinsic features, and response to therapies in UCB. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Using the PubMed database, this narrative review evaluates published findings from mouse model-based and clinical cohort studies to identify factors associated with sex and clinical outcomes in bladder cancer. A scoping review of the key findings on epidemiology, genetic, hormonal, immune physiology, and clinical outcomes was performed to explore potential factors that could have implications in immunomodulatory therapy design. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Sex-associated differences in UCB incidence and clinical outcomes are influenced by sex hormones, local bladder resident immune populations, tumor genetics, and bladder microbiome. In the context of therapeutic outcomes, sex differences are prominent in response to bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy used in the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Similarly, with respect to tumor molecular profiles in muscle-invasive bladder cancer, tumors from females show enrichment of the basal subtype. CONCLUSIONS Among proposed tumor/host intrinsic factors that may influence response to immune-based therapies, patient sex remains a challenging consideration that deserves further attention. Evidence to date supports a multifactorial origin of sexual dimorphism in the incidence and outcomes of UCB. PATIENT SUMMARY In this review, we highlight the sex-associated host and tumor intrinsic features that may potentially drive differential disease progression and therapeutic response in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Koti
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Cancer Biology and Genetics Division, Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Urology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
| | | | - Shilpa Gupta
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Christa M Lam
- Department of Urology and Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Urology and Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ashish M Kamat
- Department of Urology, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter C Black
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - D Robert Siemens
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Cancer Biology and Genetics Division, Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Urology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Abstract
The bladder is continuously protected by passive defences such as a mucus layer, antimicrobial peptides and secretory immunoglobulins; however, these defences are occasionally overcome by invading bacteria that can induce a strong host inflammatory response in the bladder. The urothelium and resident immune cells produce additional defence molecules, cytokines and chemokines, which recruit inflammatory cells to the infected tissue. Resident and recruited immune cells act together to eradicate bacteria from the bladder and to develop lasting immune memory against infection. However, urinary tract infection (UTI) is commonly recurrent, suggesting that the induction of a memory response in the bladder is inadequate to prevent reinfection. Additionally, infection seems to induce long-lasting changes in the urothelium, which can render the tissue more susceptible to future infection. The innate immune response is well-studied in the field of UTI, but considerably less is known about how adaptive immunity develops and how repair mechanisms restore bladder homeostasis following infection. Furthermore, data demonstrate that sex-based differences in immunity affect resolution and infection can lead to tissue remodelling in the bladder following resolution of UTI. To combat the rise in antimicrobial resistance, innovative therapeutic approaches to bladder infection are currently in development. Improving our understanding of how the bladder responds to infection will support the development of improved treatments for UTI, particularly for those at risk of recurrent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Lacerda Mariano
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Inserm, U1223, Paris, France
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. .,Inserm, U1223, Paris, France.
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15
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Ingersoll MA, Starkey MR. Interleukin-22 in urinary tract disease - new experimental directions. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1143. [PMID: 32523694 PMCID: PMC7276185 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Molly A Ingersoll
- Department of Immunology Institut Pasteur Paris France.,INSERM U1223 Paris France
| | - Malcolm R Starkey
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Central Clinical School Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia.,Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell Faculty of Health and Medicine The University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW Australia
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16
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Williams JW, Martel C, Potteaux S, Esaulova E, Ingersoll MA, Elvington A, Saunders BT, Huang LH, Habenicht AJ, Zinselmeyer BH, Randolph GJ. Limited Macrophage Positional Dynamics in Progressing or Regressing Murine Atherosclerotic Plaques-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:1702-1710. [PMID: 29903736 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective- Macrophages play important roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, but their dynamics within plaques remain obscure. We aimed to quantify macrophage positional dynamics within progressing and regressing atherosclerotic plaques. Approach and Results- In a stable intravital preparation, large asymmetrical foamy macrophages in the intima of carotid artery plaques were sessile, but smaller rounded cells nearer plaque margins, possibly newly recruited monocytes, mobilized laterally along plaque borders. Thus, to test macrophage dynamics in plaques over a longer period of time in progressing and regressing disease, we quantified displacement of nondegradable phagocytic particles within macrophages for up to 6 weeks. In progressing plaques, macrophage-associated particles appeared to mobilize to deeper layers in plaque, whereas in regressing plaques, the label was persistently located near the lumen. By measuring the distance of the particles from the floor of the plaque, we discovered that particles remained at the same distance from the floor regardless of plaque progression or regression. The apparent deeper penetration of labeled cells in progressing conditions could be attributed to monocyte recruitment that generated new superficial layers of macrophages over the labeled phagocytes. Conclusions- Although there may be individual exceptions, as a population, newly differentiated macrophages fail to penetrate significantly deeper than the limited depth they reside on initial entry, regardless of plaque progression, or regression. These limited dynamics may prevent macrophages from escaping areas with unfavorable conditions (such as hypoxia) and pose a challenge for newly recruited macrophages to clear debris through efferocytosis deep within plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse W Williams
- From the Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO (J.W.W., C.M., E.E., A.E., B.T.S., L.-H.H., B.H.Z., G.J.R.)
| | - Catherine Martel
- From the Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO (J.W.W., C.M., E.E., A.E., B.T.S., L.-H.H., B.H.Z., G.J.R.)
| | - Stephane Potteaux
- Department of Gene and Cell Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York (S.P., M.A.I., G.J.R.)
| | - Ekaterina Esaulova
- From the Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO (J.W.W., C.M., E.E., A.E., B.T.S., L.-H.H., B.H.Z., G.J.R.)
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Department of Gene and Cell Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York (S.P., M.A.I., G.J.R.)
| | - Andrew Elvington
- From the Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO (J.W.W., C.M., E.E., A.E., B.T.S., L.-H.H., B.H.Z., G.J.R.)
| | - Brian T Saunders
- From the Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO (J.W.W., C.M., E.E., A.E., B.T.S., L.-H.H., B.H.Z., G.J.R.)
| | - Li-Hao Huang
- From the Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO (J.W.W., C.M., E.E., A.E., B.T.S., L.-H.H., B.H.Z., G.J.R.)
| | - Andreas J Habenicht
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Germany (A.J.H.)
| | - Bernd H Zinselmeyer
- From the Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO (J.W.W., C.M., E.E., A.E., B.T.S., L.-H.H., B.H.Z., G.J.R.)
| | - Gwendalyn J Randolph
- From the Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO (J.W.W., C.M., E.E., A.E., B.T.S., L.-H.H., B.H.Z., G.J.R.).,Department of Gene and Cell Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York (S.P., M.A.I., G.J.R.)
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17
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Song D, Powles T, Shi L, Zhang L, Ingersoll MA, Lu YJ. Bladder cancer, a unique model to understand cancer immunity and develop immunotherapy approaches. J Pathol 2019; 249:151-165. [PMID: 31102277 PMCID: PMC6790662 DOI: 10.1002/path.5306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With the mechanistic understanding of immune checkpoints and success in checkpoint blockade using antibodies for the treatment of certain cancers, immunotherapy has become one of the hottest areas in cancer research, with promise of long‐lasting therapeutic effect. Currently, however, only a proportion of cancers have a good response to checkpoint inhibition immunotherapy. Better understanding of the cancer response and resistance mechanisms is essential to fully explore the potential of immunotherapy to cure the majority of cancers. Bladder cancer, one of the most common and aggressive malignant diseases, has been successfully treated both at early and advanced stages by different immunotherapeutic approaches, bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) intravesical instillation and anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 immune checkpoint blockade, respectively. Therefore, it provides a good model to investigate cancer immune response mechanisms and to improve the efficiency of immunotherapy. Here, we review bladder cancer immunotherapy with equal weight on BCG and anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 therapies and demonstrate why and how bladder cancer can be used as a model to study the predictors and mechanisms of cancer immune response and shine light on further development of immunotherapy approaches and response predictive biomarkers to improve immunotherapy of bladder cancer and other malignancies. We review the success of BCG and anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 treatment of bladder cancer, the underlying mechanisms and the therapeutic response predictors, including the limits to our knowledge. We then highlight briefly the adaptation of immunotherapy approaches and predictors developed in other cancers for bladder cancer therapy. Finally, we explore the potential of using bladder cancer as a model to investigate cancer immune response mechanisms and new therapeutic approaches, which may be translated into immunotherapy of other human cancers. © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongkui Song
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Thomas Powles
- Centre for Experimental Cancer Medicine, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Department of Medical Oncology, Barts Health NHS, London, UK
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | - Yong-Jie Lu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China.,Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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18
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Zychlinsky Scharff A, Rousseau M, Lacerda Mariano L, Canton T, Consiglio CR, Albert ML, Fontes M, Duffy D, Ingersoll MA. Sex differences in IL-17 contribute to chronicity in male versus female urinary tract infection. JCI Insight 2019; 5:122998. [PMID: 31145099 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.122998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex-based differences influence incidence and outcome of infectious disease. Women have a significantly greater incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) than men, yet, conversely, male UTI is more persistent with greater associated morbidity. Mechanisms underlying these sex-based differences are unknown, in part due to a lack of experimental models. We optimized a model to transurethrally infect male mice and directly compared UTI in both sexes. Although both sexes were initially equally colonized by uropathogenic E. coli, only male and testosterone-treated female mice remained chronically infected for up to 4 weeks. Female mice had more robust innate responses, including higher IL-17 expression, and increased γδ T cells and group 3 innate lymphoid cells in the bladder following infection. Accordingly, neutralizing IL-17 abolished resolution in female mice, identifying a cytokine pathway necessary for bacterial clearance. Our findings support the concept that sex-based responses to UTI contribute to impaired innate immunity in males and provide a rationale for non-antibiotic-based immune targeting to improve the response to UTI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthieu Rousseau
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Livia Lacerda Mariano
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Tracy Canton
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | | | - Matthew L Albert
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Magnus Fontes
- International Group for Data Analysis, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,The Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,The Center for Genomic Medicine at Rigshospitalet and Persimune, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
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19
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Perot BP, Boussier J, Ingersoll MA. [Macroautophagy limits the early induction of interferon-β during influenza A virus infection]. Med Sci (Paris) 2019; 34:1035-1038. [PMID: 30623760 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2018289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brieuc P Perot
- Laboratoire : immunobiologie des cellules dendritiques, département d'immunologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris France - Inserm U1223, Paris, France - École doctorale physiologie, physiopathologie et thérapeutique, université Pierre et Marie Curie (université Paris 6), Paris, France
| | - Jeremy Boussier
- Laboratoire : immunobiologie des cellules dendritiques, département d'immunologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris France - Inserm U1223, Paris, France - École doctorale « frontières du vivant », Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Laboratoire : immunobiologie des cellules dendritiques, département d'immunologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris France - Inserm U1223, Paris, France
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20
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Casrouge A, Sauer AV, Barreira da Silva R, Tejera-Alhambra M, Sánchez-Ramón S, ICAReB, Cancrini C, Ingersoll MA, Aiuti A, Albert ML. Lymphocytes are a major source of circulating soluble dipeptidyl peptidase 4. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 194:166-179. [PMID: 30251416 PMCID: PMC6194339 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4, CD26) is a serine protease that is expressed constitutively by many haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic tissues. It exists as a membrane-associated protein, as well as in an active, soluble form (herein called sDPP4), present at high concentrations in bodily fluids. Despite the proposed use of sDPP4 as a biomarker for multiple diseases, its cellular sources are not well defined. Here, we report that individuals with congenital lymphocyte immunodeficiency had markedly lower serum concentrations of sDPP4, which were restored upon successful treatment and restoration of lymphocyte haematopoiesis. Using irradiated lymphopenic mice and wild-type to Dpp4-/- reciprocal bone marrow chimeric animals, we found that haematopoietic cells were a major source of circulating sDPP4. Furthermore, activation of human and mouse T lymphocytes resulted in increased sDPP4, providing a mechanistic link between immune system activation and sDPP4 concentration. Finally, we observed that acute viral infection induced a transient increase in sDPP4, which correlated with the expansion of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses. Our study demonstrates that sDPP4 concentrations are determined by the frequency and activation state of lymphocyte populations. Insights from these studies will support the use of sDPP4 concentration as a biomarker for inflammatory and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Casrouge
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - A V Sauer
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - R Barreira da Silva
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M Tejera-Alhambra
- Servicio de Inmunología. Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Sánchez-Ramón
- Servicio de Inmunología. Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - ICAReB
- IcareB Platform of the Center for Translational Science, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - C Cancrini
- Ospedale Pediatrico, Bambino Gesù, Roma, Italy
- University Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Immune and Infectious Diseases, Childrens' Hospital Bambino Gesù-University of Torvergata Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M A Ingersoll
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - A Aiuti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M L Albert
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- INSERM U1223, Paris, France
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
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21
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Ingersoll MA, Li X, Inman BA, Greiner JW, Black PC, Adam RM. Immunology, Immunotherapy, and Translating Basic Science into the Clinic for Bladder Cancer. Bladder Cancer 2018; 4:429-440. [PMID: 30417054 PMCID: PMC6218105 DOI: 10.3233/blc-180175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Fourth Annual Albert Institute Bladder Cancer Care and Research Symposium was held from September 14th–16th in Houston, Texas. The symposium covered a range of topics relevant to bladder cancer, including basic science aspects of immunology and immunotherapy that inform clinical management; intravesical therapy for non-muscle invasive disease; understanding the nuances of carcinoma in situ; and optimizing patient care and outcomes following therapy. The moving landscape of bladder cancer from an industry perspective was also discussed. In the following sections we discuss intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including the immune microenvironment and sex bias, in the context of bladder cancer; how these influence tumor development, progression, and treatment strategies; and how the interpretation of immune features in relation to molecular subtypes informs both treatment decisions and response. We conclude with a summary of key points that will need to be addressed to ensure best use of new knowledge in this area for improved clinical management of patients with bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly A Ingersoll
- Unit of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | - Xue Li
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brant A Inman
- Division of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John W Greiner
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter C Black
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rosalyn M Adam
- Urological Diseases Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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22
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Perot BP, Boussier J, Yatim N, Rossman JS, Ingersoll MA, Albert ML. Autophagy diminishes the early interferon-β response to influenza A virus resulting in differential expression of interferon-stimulated genes. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:539. [PMID: 29748576 PMCID: PMC5945842 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0546-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection perturbs metabolic pathways such as autophagy, a stress-induced catabolic pathway that crosstalks with cellular inflammatory responses. However, the impact of autophagy perturbation on IAV gene expression or host cell responses remains disputed. Discrepant results may be a reflection of in vivo studies using cell-specific autophagy-related (Atg) gene-deficient mouse strains, which do not delineate modification of developmental programmes from more proximal effects on inflammatory response. In vitro experiments can be confounded by gene expression divergence in wild-type cultivated cell lines, as compared to those experiencing long-term absence of autophagy. With the goal to investigate cellular processes within cells that are competent or incompetent for autophagy, we generated a novel experimental cell line in which autophagy can be restored by ATG5 protein stabilization in an otherwise Atg5-deficient background. We confirmed that IAV induced autophagosome formation and p62 accumulation in infected cells and demonstrated that perturbation of autophagy did not impact viral infection or replication in ATG5-stablized cells. Notably, the induction of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) by IAV was diminished when cells were autophagy competent. We further demonstrated that, in the absence of ATG5, IAV-induced interferon-β (IFN-β) expression was increased as compared to levels in autophagy-competent lines, a mechanism that was independent of IAV non-structural protein 1. In sum, we report that induction of autophagy by IAV infection reduces ISG expression in infected cells by limiting IFN-β expression, which may benefit viral replication and spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brieuc P Perot
- Unit of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Inserm 1223, Paris, France.,Ecole Doctorale Physiologie, Physiopathologie et Thérapeutique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Université Paris 6), Paris, France
| | - Jeremy Boussier
- Unit of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Inserm 1223, Paris, France.,International Group for Data Analysis, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Ecole Doctorale Frontières du Vivant, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Nader Yatim
- Unit of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Inserm 1223, Paris, France
| | | | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Unit of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. .,Inserm 1223, Paris, France.
| | - Matthew L Albert
- Unit of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. .,Inserm 1223, Paris, France. .,Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.
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23
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Kamat AM, Li R, O’Donnell MA, Black PC, Roupret M, Catto JW, Comperat E, Ingersoll MA, Witjes WP, McConkey DJ, Witjes JA. Predicting Response to Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Immunotherapy: Are We There Yet? A Systematic Review. Eur Urol 2018; 73:738-748. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Lacerda Mariano L, Ingersoll MA. Bladder resident macrophages: Mucosal sentinels. Cell Immunol 2018; 330:136-141. [PMID: 29422271 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are instrumental in the response to infectious and noninfectious diseases, however, their role in the bladder is poorly understood. Indeed, the bladder is a mucosal tissue frequently overlooked in research, despite the prevalence of illnesses such as urinary tract infection and bladder cancer. Notably, bladder tissue macrophages are among the most populous resident immune cells in this organ and recent studies support that resident macrophages and infiltrating monocytes play nonredundant roles in response to infection, immunotherapy, and inflammation. Advancing our understanding of macrophage behavior in the bladder is complicated by the difficulty in obtaining tissue-resident cells. Surmounting this challenge, however, for a greater understanding of macrophage ontology, impact on innate and adaptive immunity, and regulation of homeostasis, will ultimately contribute to better therapies for common afflictions of the bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Lacerda Mariano
- Unit of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris 75015, France; Inserm U1223, Paris 75015, France
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Unit of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris 75015, France; Inserm U1223, Paris 75015, France.
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25
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Zychlinsky Scharff A, Albert ML, Ingersoll MA. Urinary Tract Infection in a Small Animal Model: Transurethral Catheterization of Male and Female Mice. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 29286380 DOI: 10.3791/54432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are extremely common worldwide, incurring significant morbidity and healthcare-associated expenses. Small animal models, which accurately reflect disease establishment and progression, permit dissection of host-pathogen interactions and generation of immunity to infection. In mice, intravesical instillation of uropathogenic E. coli, the causative agent in more than 85% of community acquired UTI, recapitulates many of the stages of infection observed in humans. Until recently, however, UTI could only be modeled in female animals. This limitation has hindered the study of sex-related differences in UTI, as well as other bladder pathologies, such as cancer. Here, we describe a method to instill male mice that allows direct comparison between female and male animals and provide a detailed protocol to assess bladder tissue by flow cytometry as a means to better understand host responses to infection. Together, these approaches will aid in the identification of host factors that contribute to sex biases observed in UTI and other bladder-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zychlinsky Scharff
- Unité d'Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U818
| | - Matthew L Albert
- Unité d'Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U818; Genentech
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Unité d'Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U818;
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26
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Alanio C, Barreira da Silva R, Michonneau D, Bousso P, Ingersoll MA, Albert ML. CXCR3/CXCL10 Axis Shapes Tissue Distribution of Memory Phenotype CD8 + T Cells in Nonimmunized Mice. J Immunol 2017; 200:139-146. [PMID: 29187588 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The preimmune repertoire consists of mature T lymphocytes that have not yet been stimulated in the periphery. Memory phenotype (MP) cells have been reported as part of the preimmune repertoire (i.e., T cells bearing memory markers despite lack of engagement with cognate Ag); however, little is known about their trafficking and function. In this study, we hypothesized that MP cells, naive to TCR stimulation, constitute a transient population that traffics to tissues during development. Using mutant and transgenic animals with a monospecific TCR, we discovered increased numbers of MP CD8+ T cells circulating in nonimmunized Cxcr3-/- and Cxcl10-/- mice compared with wild-type animals. Phenotypic differences included decreased numbers of preimmune MP Ag-specific T cells in the skin and thymus and a distinct pattern of activation upon TCR engagement. Our results show for the first time, to our knowledge, an important role for CXCR3 and CXCL10 in the tissue distribution of preimmune MP cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Alanio
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France.,Inserm U1223, 75015 Paris, France.,Center for Translational Research, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - David Michonneau
- Inserm U1223, 75015 Paris, France.,Laboratory of Dynamics of Immune Responses, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Bousso
- Inserm U1223, 75015 Paris, France.,Laboratory of Dynamics of Immune Responses, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France.,Inserm U1223, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Matthew L Albert
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Immunology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; .,Inserm U1223, 75015 Paris, France.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080; and
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27
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Flaig TW, Kamat AM, Hansel D, Ingersoll MA, Barton Grossman H, Mendelsohn C, DeGraff D, Liao JC, Taylor JA. Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Albert Institute for Bladder Cancer Research Symposium. Bladder Cancer 2017; 3:211-223. [PMID: 28824949 PMCID: PMC5545918 DOI: 10.3233/blc-170111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Third Annual Albert Institute Bladder Symposium was held on September 8–10th, 2016, in Denver Colorado. Participants discussed several critical topics in the field of bladder cancer: 1) Best practices for tissue analysis and use to optimize correlative studies, 2) Modeling bladder cancer to facilitate understanding and innovation, 3) Targeted therapies for bladder cancer, 4) Tumor phylogeny in bladder cancer, 5) New Innovations in bladder cancer diagnostics. Our understanding of and approach to treating urothelial carcinoma is undergoing rapid advancement. Preclinical models of bladder cancer have been leveraged to increase our basic and mechanistic understanding of the disease. With the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma, the treatment approach for these patients has quickly changed. In this light, molecularly-defined subtypes of bladder cancer and appropriate pre-clinical models are now essential to the further advancement and appropriate application of these therapeutic improvements. The optimal collection and processing of clinical urothelial carcinoma tissues samples will also be critical in the development of predictive biomarkers for therapeutic selection. Technological advances in other areas including optimal imaging technologies and micro/nanotechnologies are being applied to bladder cancer, especially in the localized setting, and hold the potential for translational impact in the treatment of bladder cancer patients. Taken together, advances in several basic science and clinical areas are now converging in bladder cancer. These developments hold the promise of shaping and improving the clinical care of those with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Flaig
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ashish M Kamat
- Department of Urology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Donna Hansel
- Department of Pathology, University ofCalifornia San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Cathy Mendelsohn
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David DeGraff
- Department of Pathology, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Joseph C Liao
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John A Taylor
- University of Kansas, Department of Urology, Kansas City, KS, USA
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28
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da Silva RB, Ingersoll MA, Albert ML. Measurement of Dipeptidylpeptidase Activity in vitro and in vivo. Bio Protoc 2017; 7:e2184. [PMID: 34458493 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.2184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidylpeptidases (DPPs) are serine proteases, which cleave small proteins and peptides possessing a proline or an alanine in the second position of their N-terminus. Among the members of this family, dipeptidylpeptidase 4 (DPP4) is constitutively expressed in the extracellular space. DPP4 is found at the surface of many hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells and is also present in many biological fluids in a bioactive soluble form. DPP4 expression is modulated by inflammation, and measurements of its activity have been used as biomarker for disease. Here, we describe a method to evaluate the enzymatic activity of DPP4 in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Matthew L Albert
- Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.,Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
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29
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Rousseau M, Goh HMS, Holec S, Albert ML, Williams RB, Ingersoll MA, Kline KA. Bladder catheterization increases susceptibility to infection that can be prevented by prophylactic antibiotic treatment. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e88178. [PMID: 27699248 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.88178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are the most common hospital-associated infections. Here, we report that bladder catheterization initiated a persistent sterile inflammatory reaction within minutes of catheter implantation. Catheterization resulted in increased expression of genes associated with defense responses and cellular migration, with ensuing rapid and sustained innate immune cell infiltration into the bladder. Catheterization also resulted in hypersensitivity to Enterococcus faecalis and uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) infection, in which colonization was achieved using an inoculum 100-fold lower than the ID90 for infection of an undamaged urothelium with the same uropathogens. As the time of catheterization increased, however, colonization by the Gram-positive uropathogen E. faecalis was reduced, whereas catheterization created a sustained window of vulnerability to infection for Gram-negative UPEC over time. As CAUTI contributes to poorer patient outcomes and increased health care expenditures, we tested whether a single prophylactic antibiotic treatment, concurrent with catheterization, would prevent infection. We observed that antibiotic treatment protected against UPEC and E. faecalis bladder and catheter colonization as late as 6 hours after implantation. Thus, our study has revealed a simple, safe, and immediately employable intervention, with the potential to decrease one of the most costly hospital-incurred infections, thereby improving patient and health care economic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Rousseau
- Unité d'Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur and INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - H M Sharon Goh
- Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Sarah Holec
- Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Matthew L Albert
- Unité d'Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur and INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Rohan Bh Williams
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Unité d'Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur and INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Kimberly A Kline
- Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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30
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Cui Y, Franciszkiewicz K, Mburu YK, Mondot S, Le Bourhis L, Premel V, Martin E, Kachaner A, Duban L, Ingersoll MA, Rabot S, Jaubert J, De Villartay JP, Soudais C, Lantz O. Mucosal-associated invariant T cell-rich congenic mouse strain allows functional evaluation. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:4171-85. [PMID: 26524590 DOI: 10.1172/jci82424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAITs) have potent antimicrobial activity and are abundant in humans (5%-10% in blood). Despite strong evolutionary conservation of the invariant TCR-α chain and restricting molecule MR1, this population is rare in laboratory mouse strains (≈0.1% in lymphoid organs), and lack of an appropriate mouse model has hampered the study of MAIT biology. Herein, we show that MAITs are 20 times more frequent in clean wild-derived inbred CAST/EiJ mice than in C57BL/6J mice. Increased MAIT frequency was linked to one CAST genetic trait that mapped to the TCR-α locus and led to higher usage of the distal Vα segments, including Vα19. We generated a MAIThi congenic strain that was then crossed to a transgenic Rorcgt-GFP reporter strain. Using this tool, we characterized polyclonal mouse MAITs as memory (CD44+) CD4-CD8lo/neg T cells with tissue-homing properties (CCR6+CCR7-). Similar to human MAITs, mouse MAITs expressed the cytokine receptors IL-7R, IL-18Rα, and IL-12Rβ and the transcription factors promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) and RAR-related orphan receptor γ (RORγt). Mouse MAITs produced Th1/2/17 cytokines upon TCR stimulation and recognized a bacterial compound in an MR1-dependent manner. During experimental urinary tract infection, MAITs migrated to the bladder and decreased bacterial load. Our study demonstrates that the MAIThi congenic strain allows phenotypic and functional characterization of naturally occurring mouse MAITs in health and disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte
- Crosses, Genetic
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Gene Rearrangement, alpha-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor
- Germ-Free Life
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology
- Humans
- Immunologic Memory
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/analysis
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Lymphocyte Count
- Lymphoid Tissue/cytology
- Lymphokines/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Congenic/genetics
- Mice, Congenic/immunology
- Mice, Congenic/microbiology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Microbiota
- Minor Histocompatibility Antigens
- Natural Killer T-Cells/immunology
- Natural Killer T-Cells/metabolism
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/analysis
- Phenotype
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger Protein
- Radiation Chimera
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptors, Cytokine/analysis
- Urinary Tract Infections/immunology
- Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology
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31
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Mora-Bau G, Platt AM, van Rooijen N, Randolph GJ, Albert ML, Ingersoll MA. Macrophages Subvert Adaptive Immunity to Urinary Tract Infection. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005044. [PMID: 26182347 PMCID: PMC4504509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections with frequent recurrence being a major medical challenge. Development of effective therapies has been impeded by the lack of knowledge of events leading to adaptive immunity. Here, we establish conclusive evidence that an adaptive immune response is generated during UTI, yet this response does not establish sterilizing immunity. To investigate the underlying deficiency, we delineated the naïve bladder immune cell compartment, identifying resident macrophages as the most populous immune cell. To evaluate their impact on the establishment of adaptive immune responses following infection, we measured bacterial clearance in mice depleted of either circulating monocytes, which give rise to macrophages, or bladder resident macrophages. Surprisingly, mice depleted of resident macrophages, prior to primary infection, exhibited a nearly 2-log reduction in bacterial burden following secondary challenge compared to untreated animals. This increased bacterial clearance, in the context of a challenge infection, was dependent on lymphocytes. Macrophages were the predominant antigen presenting cell to acquire bacteria post-infection and in their absence, bacterial uptake by dendritic cells was increased almost 2-fold. These data suggest that bacterial uptake by tissue macrophages impedes development of adaptive immune responses during UTI, revealing a novel target for enhancing host responses to bacterial infection of the bladder. Urinary tract infection is a common infection with a high propensity for recurrence. The majority of infections are caused by uropathogenic E. coli, a growing public health concern with increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistant strains. Finding therapeutic options that circumvent the need for antibiotics, while boosting patients’ immune response to infection is desirable to counteract further increases in antibiotic resistance and to provide long-lasting resistance to infection. Currently, little is known about how adaptive immune responses, which typically prevent recurrent infection in other organs, arise from the bladder during urinary tract infection. Here, we investigated the initial interactions between immune cell populations of the bladder and uropathogenic E. coli, finding that macrophages are the principal cell population to engulf bacteria. Interestingly, these same cells appear to inhibit the development of adaptive immunity to the bacteria, as their depletion, prior to primary infection, results in a stronger immune response during bacterial challenge. We found that in the absence of macrophages, dendritic cells, which are the most potent initiators of adaptive immunity, are able to take up more bacteria for presentation. Our study has revealed a mechanism in which specific immune cells may act in a manner detrimental to host immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Mora-Bau
- Unité d'Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur and INSERM U818, Paris, France
| | - Andrew M Platt
- Department of Gene and Cell Medicine and the Immunology Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Nico van Rooijen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Free University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gwendalyn J Randolph
- Department of Gene and Cell Medicine and the Immunology Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Matthew L Albert
- Unité d'Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur and INSERM U818, Paris, France
| | - Molly A Ingersoll
- Unité d'Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur and INSERM U818, Paris, France
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32
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Abstract
Macroautophagy is a catabolic recycling pathway, which can be induced by various stress stimuli. Viruses are able to manipulate autophagy in the cells that they infect. The impact of autophagy on the innate immune response to viruses and its stimulatory role in antigen presentation to CD4(+) T cells are well documented. Herein, we present the impact of autophagy on the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated antiviral immune responses, which are required for the eradication or control of multiple viruses. We first discuss the general mechanisms by which viruses can either induce or block autophagy in cells. We then explore the cross-talk between autophagy and innate immune processes, which are both first line defenses against viruses; and constitute crucial steps for the initiation of potent adaptive immune responses. We describe the impact of autophagy on the presentation of viral peptide antigens on class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC I), a prerequisite for the priming of CTL responses. In sum, our review highlights the interplay between viruses and three integrated host response pathways - autophagy, innate and adaptive immunity - providing a framework for future mechanistic and pathogenesis-based research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brieuc P Perot
- Unité d'immunobiologie des cellules dendritiques, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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33
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Ingersoll MA, Albert ML. From infection to immunotherapy: host immune responses to bacteria at the bladder mucosa. Mucosal Immunol 2013; 6:1041-53. [PMID: 24064671 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2013.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of urinary tract infection and mechanisms of the protective effect of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy for bladder cancer highlight the importance of studying the bladder as a unique mucosal surface. Innate responses to bacteria are reviewed, and although our collective knowledge remains incomplete, we discuss how adaptive immunity may be generated following bacterial challenge in the bladder microenvironment. Interestingly, the widely held belief that the bladder is sterile has been challenged recently, indicating the need for further study of the impact of commensal microorganisms on the immune response to uropathogen infection or intentional instillation of BCG. This review addresses the aspects of bladder biology that have been well explored and defines what still must be discovered about the immunobiology of this understudied organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Ingersoll
- 1] Unité d'Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France [2] INSERM U818, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France [3] Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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34
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Fischer MA, Davies ML, Reider IE, Heipertz EL, Epler MR, Sei JJ, Ingersoll MA, Van Rooijen N, Randolph GJ, Norbury CC. CD11b⁺, Ly6G⁺ cells produce type I interferon and exhibit tissue protective properties following peripheral virus infection. PLoS Pathog 2011; 7:e1002374. [PMID: 22102816 PMCID: PMC3213107 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of the innate immune system is containment of a pathogen at the site of infection prior to the initiation of an effective adaptive immune response. However, effector mechanisms must be kept in check to combat the pathogen while simultaneously limiting undesirable destruction of tissue resulting from these actions. Here we demonstrate that innate immune effector cells contain a peripheral poxvirus infection, preventing systemic spread of the virus. These innate immune effector cells are comprised primarily of CD11b+Ly6C+Ly6G- monocytes that accumulate initially at the site of infection, and are then supplemented and eventually replaced by CD11b+Ly6C+Ly6G+ cells. The phenotype of the CD11b+Ly6C+Ly6G+ cells resembles neutrophils, but the infiltration of neutrophils typically occurs prior to, rather than following, accumulation of monocytes. Indeed, it appears that the CD11b+Ly6C+Ly6G+ cells that infiltrated the site of VACV infection in the ear are phenotypically distinct from the classical description of both neutrophils and monocyte/macrophages. We found that CD11b+Ly6C+Ly6G+ cells produce Type I interferons and large quantities of reactive oxygen species. We also observed that depletion of Ly6G+ cells results in a dramatic increase in tissue damage at the site of infection. Tissue damage is also increased in the absence of reactive oxygen species, although reactive oxygen species are typically thought to be damaging to tissue rather than protective. These data indicate the existence of a specialized population of CD11b+Ly6C+Ly6G+ cells that infiltrates a site of virus infection late and protects the infected tissue from immune-mediated damage via production of reactive oxygen species. Regulation of the action of this population of cells may provide an intervention to prevent innate immune-mediated tissue destruction. During a natural virus infection, small doses of infectious virus are deposited at a peripheral infection site, and then a “race” ensues, in which the replicating virus attempts to “outpace” the responding immune system of the host. In the early phases of infection, the innate immune system must contain the infection prior to the development of an effective adaptive response. Here we have characterized the cells of the innate immune system that move to a site of peripheral virus infection, and we find that a subset of these cells display atypical expression of cell surface molecules, timing of infiltration, and function. These cells protect the infected tissue from damage by producing reactive oxygen molecules, which are widely accepted to increase tissue damage. Therefore our findings indicate that during a peripheral virus infection, the typical rules governing the function of the innate immune system are altered to prevent tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Fischer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael L. Davies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Irene E. Reider
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Erica L. Heipertz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Melanie R. Epler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Janet J. Sei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Molly A. Ingersoll
- Department of Gene and Cell Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Nico Van Rooijen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gwendalyn J. Randolph
- Department of Gene and Cell Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Christopher C. Norbury
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ingersoll MA, Platt AM, Potteaux S, Randolph GJ. Monocyte trafficking in acute and chronic inflammation. Trends Immunol 2011; 32:470-7. [PMID: 21664185 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2011.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Environmental signals at the site of inflammation mediate rapid monocyte mobilization and dictate differentiation programs whereby these cells give rise to macrophages or dendritic cells. Monocytes participate in tissue healing, clearance of pathogens and dead cells, and initiation of adaptive immunity. However, recruited monocytes can also contribute to the pathogenesis of infection and chronic inflammatory disease, such as atherosclerosis. Here, we explore monocyte trafficking in the context of acute inflammation, relying predominantly on data from microbial infection models. These mechanisms will be compared to monocyte trafficking during chronic inflammation in experimental models of atherosclerosis. Recent developments suggest that monocyte trafficking shares common themes in diverse inflammatory diseases; however, important differences exist between monocyte migratory pathways in acute and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly A Ingersoll
- Department of Gene and Cell Medicine and the Immunology Institute, 1425 Madison Avenue, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York 10029, USA.
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Ingersoll MA, Potteaux S, Alvarez D, Hutchison SB, van Rooijen N, Randolph GJ. Niacin inhibits skin dendritic cell mobilization in a GPR109A independent manner but has no impact on monocyte trafficking in atherosclerosis. Immunobiology 2011; 217:548-57. [PMID: 21798616 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2011.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
High-dose niacin therapy in humans reduces mortality from cardiovascular disease and may also protect against death from other causes, with benefits apparent more than a decade beyond the therapeutic period. Niacin therapy modulates circulating lipids, raising HDL and lowering LDL, but has the unwanted side effect of inducing skin flushing in response to treatment. Skin flushing results from niacin-induced activation of GPR109A and subsequent release of prostaglandins that promote vasodilation. GPR109A may also mediate HDL elevation. Recent data suggest that high-dose niacin may have benefits beyond improved lipid profiles, such as quelling inflammation, suggesting a potential role in immune cell trafficking. To explore effects of niacin on immune cell trafficking independently of its effects on lipid profiles, we took advantage of the fact that niacin therapy does not raise HDL in wild-type or apoE⁻/⁻ mouse strains. Wild-type and apoE⁻/⁻ C57BL/6 mice were fed standard chow or high-fat diets supplemented or not with 1% niacin. Against our predictions, this treatment did not modulate monocyte recruitment to or retention within atherosclerotic plaques. By contrast, stimulating the skin of niacin-treated mice with a contact sensitizer revealed impaired dendritic cell accumulation in draining lymph nodes and associated impaired adaptive immunity. Surprisingly, niacin-mediated impaired dendritic cell mobilization could not be reversed by cyclooxygenase inhibitor treatment nor deletion of the niacin receptor GPR109A, suggesting that the effects of niacin on modulating the migration of dendritic cells are not directly linked to skin flushing. Overall, these data suggest the existence of novel pathways triggered by niacin that, through suppression of dendritic cell migration, might impact adaptive immune responses that participate in sustained therapeutic benefits independent of niacin's cardioprotective capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly A Ingersoll
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology and the Immunology Institute, 1425 Madison Avenue, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York 10029, USA
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Ingersoll MA, Kline KA, Nielsen HV, Hultgren SJ. G-CSF induction early in uropathogenic Escherichia coliinfection of the urinary tract modulates host immunity. Cell Microbiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2010.01442.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Bogunovic M, Ginhoux F, Helft J, Shang L, Hashimoto D, Greter M, Liu K, Jakubzick C, Ingersoll MA, Leboeuf M, Stanley ER, Nussenzweig M, Lira SA, Randolph GJ, Merad M. Origin of the lamina propria dendritic cell network. Immunity 2009; 31:513-25. [PMID: 19733489 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2009.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 675] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 08/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CX(3)CR1(+) and CD103(+) dendritic cells (DCs) in intestinal lamina propria play a key role in mucosal immunity. However, the origin and the developmental pathways that regulate their differentiation in the lamina propria remain unclear. We showed that monocytes gave rise exclusively to CD103(-)CX(3)CR1(+) lamina propria DCs under the control of macrophage-colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and Fms-like thyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3) ligands. In contrast, common DC progenitors (CDP) and pre-DCs, which give rise to lymphoid organ DCs but not to monocytes, differentiated exclusively into CD103(+)CX(3)CR1(-) lamina propria DCs under the control of Flt3 and granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor receptor (GM-CSFR) ligands. CD103(+)CX(3)CR1(-) DCs but not CD103(-)CX(3)CR1(+) DCs in the lamina propria constitutively expressed CCR7 and were the first DCs to transport pathogenic Salmonella from the intestinal tract to the mesenteric lymph nodes. Altogether, these results underline the diverse origin of the lamina propria DC network and identify mucosal DCs that arise from pre-DCs as key sentinels of the gut immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Bogunovic
- Department of Gene and Cell Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Ingersoll MA, Kline KA, Nielsen HV, Hultgren SJ. G-CSF induction early in uropathogenic Escherichia coli infection of the urinary tract modulates host immunity. Cell Microbiol 2008; 10:2568-78. [PMID: 18754853 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2008.01230.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the causative agent of approximately 85% of urinary tract infections (UTI), is a major health concern primarily affecting women. During infection, neutrophils infiltrate the bladder, but the mechanism of recruitment is not well understood. Here, we investigated the role of UPEC-induced cytokine production in neutrophil recruitment and UTI progression. We first examined the kinetics of cytokine expression during UPEC infection of the bladder, and their contribution to neutrophil recruitment. We found that UPEC infection induces expression of several pro-inflammatory cytokines including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF, CSF-3), not previously known to be involved in the host response to UTI. G-CSF induces neutrophil emigration from the bone marrow; these cells are thought to be critical for bacterial clearance during infection. Upon neutralization of G-CSF during UPEC infection, we found fewer circulating neutrophils, decreased neutrophil infiltration into the bladder and, paradoxically, a decreased bacterial burden in the bladder. However, depletion of G-CSF resulted in a corresponding increase in macrophage-activating cytokines, such as monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1, CCL-2) and Il-1beta, which may be key in host response to UPEC infection, potentially resolving the paradoxical decreased bacterial burden. Thus, G-CSF acts in a previously unrecognized role to modulate the host inflammatory response during UPEC infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly A Ingersoll
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Box 8230, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Ingersoll MA, Zychlinsky A. ShiA abrogates the innate T-cell response to Shigella flexneri infection. Infect Immun 2006; 74:2317-27. [PMID: 16552062 PMCID: PMC1418937 DOI: 10.1128/iai.74.4.2317-2327.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2005] [Revised: 12/05/2005] [Accepted: 01/18/2006] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Shigella spp. are the causative agent of bacillary dysentery. Infection results in acute colonic injury due to the host inflammatory response. The mediators of the damage, infiltrating polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), also resolve the infection. Shigella flexneri's virulence effectors are encoded on its large virulence plasmid and on pathogenicity islands in the chromosome. The SHI-2 pathogenicity island encodes the virulence factor ShiA, which down-regulates Shigella-induced inflammation. In the rabbit ileal loop model, infection with a shiA null strain (DeltashiA) induces a more severe inflammation than wild-type infection. Conversely, a Shigella strain that overexpresses ShiA (ShiA+) is less inflammatory than the wild-type strain. To determine the host responses modulated by ShiA, we performed infection studies using the mouse lung model, which recapitulates the phenotypes observed in the rabbit ileal loop model. Significantly, ShiA+ strain-infected mice cleared the bacteria and survived infection, while wild-type- and DeltashiA strain-infected mice could not clear the bacteria and ultimately died. Surprisingly, microarray analysis of infected lungs revealed the regulation of genes involved in innate T-cell responses to infection. Immunohistochemistry showed that wild-type- and DeltashiA strain-infected animals have greater numbers of PMN and T cells in their lungs over the course of infection than ShiA+ strain-infected animals. These results suggest that the T-cell innate response is suppressed by ShiA in Shigella infections.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Bacterial Proteins/biosynthesis
- Bacterial Proteins/genetics
- Bacterial Proteins/toxicity
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Down-Regulation/immunology
- Dysentery, Bacillary/immunology
- Dysentery, Bacillary/microbiology
- Dysentery, Bacillary/pathology
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Immunity, Innate
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Inflammation Mediators/toxicity
- Lymphocyte Count
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neutrophil Activation/immunology
- Neutrophil Infiltration/immunology
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Pneumonia, Bacterial/immunology
- Pneumonia, Bacterial/microbiology
- Pneumonia, Bacterial/pathology
- Pneumonia, Bacterial/prevention & control
- Shigella flexneri/genetics
- Shigella flexneri/immunology
- Shigella flexneri/pathogenicity
- Survival Analysis
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/microbiology
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Virulence Factors/biosynthesis
- Virulence Factors/genetics
- Virulence Factors/toxicity
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly A Ingersoll
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, 21/22 Schumannstrasse, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Ingersoll MA, Moss JE, Weinrauch Y, Fisher PE, Groisman EA, Zychlinsky A. The ShiA protein encoded by theShigella flexneriSHI-2 pathogenicity island attenuates inflammation. Cell Microbiol 2003; 5:797-807. [PMID: 14531895 DOI: 10.1046/j.1462-5822.2003.00320.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Shigella spp. are the aetiologic agents of dysentery, a severe diarrhoeal syndrome characterized by acute inflammation in the colon. The inflammatory response, which includes recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), damages the colonic mucosa and exacerbates the infection. Shigella encodes a pathogenicity island (PAI), SHI-2, which is localized in a region of the chromosome linked to the induction of inflammation. Surprisingly, SHI-2 deletion mutants induce a stronger inflammatory response than wild-type Shigella as measured by increased villus blunting, increased PMN infiltration and induction of apoptosis in a rabbit ileal loop model of shigellosis. Mutational analysis mapped the hyper-inflammatory phenotype to a single gene, shiA. Similar to SHI-2 deletion mutants, infection with a shiA mutant strain induces dramatically elevated levels of inflammation when compared to the wild-type strain. Furthermore, infection with a wild-type strain containing multiple copies of shiA results in fewer infiltrating PMN and apoptotic cells, as well as preservation of a normal villus architecture at the site of infection, thus acting in a dominant fashion over the pro-inflammatory mechanisms of Shigella. The molecular mechanism of action of ShiA is independent of any in vitro phenotype associated with Shigella virulence. Our data suggest that ShiA allows Shigella to attenuate the host inflammatory response in a novel manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly A Ingersoll
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, 21/22 Schumannstrasse, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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