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An Updated Review on Nelumbo Nucifera Gaertn: Chemical Composition, Nutritional Value and Pharmacological Activities. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301493. [PMID: 38327030 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn is a recognised herbal plant in ancient medical sciences. Each portion of the plant leaf, flower, seed and rhizome is utilised for nutritional and medicinal purposes. The chemical compositions like phenol, alkaloids, glycoside, terpenoids and steroids have been isolated. The plant contains various nutritional values like lipids, proteins, amino acids, minerals, carbohydrates, and fatty acids. Traditional medicine confirms that the phytochemicals of plants give significant benefits to the treatment of various diseases such as leukoderma, smallpox, dysentery, haematemesis, coughing, haemorrhage, metrorrhagia, haematuria, fever, hyperlipidaemia, cholera, hepatopathy and hyperdipsia. To verify the traditional claims, researchers have conducted scientific biological in vivo and in vitro screenings, which have exhibited that the plant keeps various notable pharmacological activities such as anticancer, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antiviral, hypolipidemic, anti-obesity, antipyretic, hypoglycaemic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. This review, summaries the nutritional composition, chemical constituents and biological activities substantiated by the researchers done in vivo and in vitro.
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Knowledge, Attitude and Level of Involvement of Married Males in Family Planning. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2022; 20:128-135. [PMID: 37017154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Background There is an age-old notion that family planning is women's responsibility disregarding the fact that men have equal responsibility in fertility regulation. Although male involvement is getting more recognition, studies on men's role in family planning are very few in the number in this part of the world. Objective To assess the knowledge, attitude and level of male involvement in family planning and to find out the factors associated with male involvement by contraceptive usage. Method A community based cross-sectional study was done from May to July 2021 among 165 currently married male, who had at least one child, living in Singur district of West Bengal. Cluster sampling method was done to select study participants and data were collected by pre-designed pretested questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, multivariable logistic regression was applied and data were analysed applying SPSS software. Result Only 36.4% participants were directly involved in family planning either by using condom or by withdrawal method but 65.5% participants were indirectly involved in family planning through spousal communication either by approving contraceptive use to their spouse or by decision making regarding family planning. Moreover, barrier of contraceptives usage were side effect (27%) and fear of impotence (25.5%). Male involvement was significantly associated with participant's education [AOR (95% CI= 3.63 (1.45-9.05)], caste [AOR (95% CI= 7.06 (2.55-19.51)], number of living children [AOR (95%CI= 5.01(1.95-12.87)], desire for more child [AOR (95% CI=0.34 (.13-.87)] and attitude on family planning [AOR (95% CI= 3.55 (1.41-8.94)]. Conclusion This study identified the prevailing gender norms in rural areas. Advocacy for male involvement in family planning by health personnel during counselling of eligible couples should help in increasing contraceptive coverage in the long run.
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Differential Gut Bacteria in Phosphine Resistant and Susceptible Population of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and their Biochemical and Molecular Characterization. PAK J ZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20201204111217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zimberelimab. Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody, Treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma, Treatment of advanced solid tumors. DRUG FUTURE 2022. [DOI: 10.1358/dof.2022.47.2.3400575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Role of free volumes and segmental dynamics on ion conductivity of PEO/LiTFSI solid polymer electrolytes filled with SiO 2 nanoparticles: a positron annihilation and broadband dielectric spectroscopy study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:8585-8597. [PMID: 33876020 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00194a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The limited ionic conductivity of polymer electrolytes is a major issue for their industrial application. Enhancement of ionic conductivity in the poly(ethylene oxide), PEO, based electrolyte has been achieved by loading passive nanofillers such as SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs). To investigate the role of modifications in free volume characteristics and the polymer chain dynamics induced by the loading of passive fillers on the ionic conductivity of the PEO based ternary electrolyte, a systematic investigation has been carried out using positron annihilation and broadband dielectric spectroscopy. As a result of interfacial interactions, the loading of SiO2 NPs alters the semi-crystalline morphology of PEO resulting in a higher crystallinity at lower loadings due to the surface confinement of PEO chains, and the formation of smaller PEO crystallites at higher loadings due to interparticle nanoconfinement. These modifications are accompanied by a decrease in free volume fraction at the lowest loading (0.5 wt%) followed by an increase at higher loadings (≥2.0 wt%). The Almond-West formalism considering two different universalities in different temperature and frequency ranges has been used to explain the ion-conduction process at different NP loadings. The Li ion conductivity is observed to be maximum for a 5.0 wt% loading of SiO2 NPs. The enhancement in ionic conductivity is observed to be directly correlated with the free volume characteristics and segmental dynamics of the PEO matrix, confirming their role in ion transport in polymer electrolytes.
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A comparative study between rubber band ligation and local application of herbal caustic compound (pratisaraneeya kshara) in management of internal haemorrhoids. J Tradit Complement Med 2020; 10:79-84. [PMID: 31956561 PMCID: PMC6957797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of PK is a safe and effective treatment for internal haemorrhoids. Hospital stay is not required for patients undergoing this treatment. Post-operative analgesia is not required in most of the cases. It proved better in eradicating large and broad based pile mass than RBL. It can be employed as alternative office procedure for management of haemorrhoids.
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Solid state speciation of uranium and its local structure in Sr 2CeO 4 using photoluminescence spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 195:113-119. [PMID: 29414567 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An effort was taken to carry our speciation study of uranium ion in technologically important cerate host Sr2CeO4 using time resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. Such studies are not relevant only to nuclear industry but can give rich insight into fundamentals of 5f electron chemistry in solid state systems. In this work both undoped and varied amount of uranium doped Sr2CeO4 compound is synthesized using complex polymerization method and is characterized systematically using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both XRD and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the formation of pure Sr2CeO4 which has tendency to decompose peritectically to SrCeO3 and SrO at higher temperature. Uranium doping is confirmed by XRD. Uranium exhibits a rich chemistry owing to its variable oxidation state from +3 to +6. Each of them exhibits distinct luminescence properties either due to f-f transitions or ligand to metal charge transfer (LMCT). We have taken Sr2CeO4 as a model host lattice to understand the photophysical characteristics of uranium ion in it. Emission spectroscopy revealed the stabilization of uranium as U (VI) in the form of UO66- (octahedral uranate) in Sr2CeO4. Emission kinetics study reflects that uranate ions are not homogeneously distributed in Sr2CeO4 and it has two different environments due to its stabilization at both Sr2+ as well as Ce4+ site. The lifetime population analysis interestingly pinpointed that majority of uranate ion resided at Ce4+ site. The critical energy-transfer distance between the uranate ion was determined based on which the concentration quenching mechanism was attributed to electric multipolar interaction. These studies are very important in designing Sr2CeO4 based optoelectronic material as well exploring it for actinides studies.
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Community event-based surveillance (CEBS) for Ebola virus disease (EVD) in Sierra Leone: Alert demographics by sex and age, February 2015-June 2016. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.11.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Investigation of free volume characteristics of the interfacial layer in poly(methyl methacrylate)–alumina nanocomposite and its role in thermal behaviour. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra07051e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A denser interfacial layer with smaller size nanoholes and narrower size distribution around alumina particles in PMMA–alumina composites.
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Heavy Metal Levels in Amaranthus Species from Chang'ombe-Mchicha Area in Temeke District, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2016.19604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Phosphodiesterase-3B-cAMP pathway of leptin signalling in the hypothalamus is impaired during the development of diet-induced obesity in FVB/N mice. J Neuroendocrinol 2015; 27:293-302. [PMID: 25702569 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The phosphodiesterase-3B (PDE3B)-cAMP pathway plays an important role in transducing the action of leptin in the hypothalamus. Obesity is usually associated with hyperleptinaemia and resistance to anorectic and body weight-reducing effects of leptin. To determine whether the hypothalamic PDE3B-cAMP pathway of leptin signalling is impaired during the development of diet-induced obesity (DIO), we fed male FVB/N mice a high-fat diet (HFD: 58% kcal as fat) or low-fat diet (LFD: 6% kcal as fat) for 4 weeks. HFD fed mice developed DIO in association with hyperphagia, hyperleptinaemia and hyperinsulinaemia. Leptin (i.p.) significantly increased hypothalamic PDE3B activity and phosphorylated (p)-Akt levels in LFD-fed but not in HFD-fed mice. However, basal p-Akt levels in hypothalamus were increased in DIO mice. Additionally, amongst six-microdissected brain nuclei examined, leptin selectively decreased cAMP levels in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of LFD-fed mice but failed to do so in HFD-fed mice. We next tested whether both the PBE3B and Akt pathways of leptin signalling remained impaired in DIO mice on the HFD for 12 weeks (long-term). DIO mice were hyperinsulinaemic and hyperleptinaemic in association with impaired glucose and insulin tolerance. Although, in LFD-fed mice, leptin significantly increased PDE3B activity and p-Akt levels in the hypothalamus, it failed to do so in HFD-fed mice. Also, basal p-Akt levels in the hypothalamus were increased in DIO mice and leptin had no further effect. Similarly, immunocytochemistry showed that leptin increased the number of p-Akt-positive cells in the ARC of LFD-fed but not in HFD-fed mice, and there was an increased basal number of p-Akt positive cells in the ARC of DIO mice. These results suggest that the PDE3B-cAMP- and Akt-pathways of leptin signalling in the hypothalamus are impaired during the development of DIO. Thus, a defect in the regulation by leptin of the hypothalamic PDE3B-cAMP pathway and Akt signalling may be one of the mechanisms of central leptin resistance and the development of DIO.
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Energy transfer dynamics and luminescence properties of Eu3+ in CaMoO4 and SrMoO4. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:18957-69. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03280f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Undoped and europium doped CaMoO4 and SrMoO4 scheelites are synthesized using a complex polymerization method.
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Intense red emitting monoclinic LaPO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles: host–dopant energy transfer dynamics and photoluminescence properties. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09076h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Visible host emission and dynamics of host–dopant energy transfer in LaPO4:Eu phosphor is investigated using PL and complimented by DFT.
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Developing acetylcholinesterase-based inhibition assay by modulated synthesis of silver nanoparticles: applications for sensing of organophosphorus pesticides. RSC Adv 2015; 5:61998-62006. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10146h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel and highly sensitive probe for the detection of organophosphorus compounds (OPs) using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and acetylthiocholine (ATCh) during the modulated synthesis of silver nanoparticles.
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Development and Validation of Liquid Chromatography- Mass Spectroscopy/Mass Spectroscopy Method for Quantitative Analysis of Naproxen in Human Plasma after Liquid-Liquid Extraction. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i9.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Task-specific ionic liquid tetraalkylammonium hydrogen phthalate as an extractant for U(VI) extraction from aqueous media. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3063-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lens specific RLIP76 transgenic mice show a phenotype similar to microphthalmia. Exp Eye Res 2013; 118:125-34. [PMID: 24188744 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2013.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
RALBP1/RLIP76 is a ubiquitously expressed protein, involved in promotion and regulation of functions initiated by Ral and R-Ras small GTPases. Presence of multiple domains in its structure enables RLIP76 to be involved in a number of physiological processes such as endocytosis, exocytosis, mitochondrial fission, actin cytoskeleton remodeling, and transport of exogenous and endogenous toxicants. Previously, we have established that RLIP76 provides protection to ocular tissues against oxidative stress by transporting the glutathione-conjugates of the toxic, electrophilic products of lipid peroxidation generated during oxidative stress. Therefore, we developed lens specific RLIP76 transgenic mice (lensRLIP76 Tg) to elucidate the role of RLIP76 in protection against oxidative stress, but these transgenic mice showed impaired lens development and a phenotype with small eyes similar to that observed in microphthalmia. These findings prompted us to investigate the mechanisms via which RLIP76 affects lens and eye development. In the present study, we report engineering of lensRLIP76 Tg mice, characterization of the associated phenotype, and the possible molecular mechanisms that lead to the impaired development of eye and lens in these mice. The results of microarray array analysis indicate that the genes involved in pathways for G-Protein signaling, actin cytoskeleton reorganization, endocytosis, and apoptosis are affected in these transgenic mice. The expression of transcription factors, Pax6, Hsf1, and Hsf4b known to be involved in lens development is down regulated in the lens of these Tg mice. However, the expression of heat shock proteins (Hsps), the downstream targets of Hsfs, is differentially affected in the lens showing down regulation of Hsp27, Hsp40, up regulation of Hsp60, and no effect on Hsp70 and Hsp90 expression. The disruption in the organization of actin cytoskeleton of these Tg mice was associated with the inhibition of the activation of Cdc42 and down regulation of cofilin phosphorylation. These mice may provide useful animal model for elucidating the mechanisms of lens development, and etiology of microphthalmia.
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4-Hydroxynonenal induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest by activation of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related protein (ATR)/checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) signaling pathway. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:20532-46. [PMID: 23733185 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.467662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
4-Hydroxynonenal (HNE) has been widely implicated in the mechanisms of oxidant-induced toxicity, but the detrimental effects of HNE associated with DNA damage or cell cycle arrest have not been thoroughly studied. Here we demonstrate for the first time that HNE caused G2/M cell cycle arrest of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 (p53 wild type) and Hep3B (p53 null) cells that was accompanied with decreased expression of CDK1 and cyclin B1 and activation of p21 in a p53-independent manner. HNE treatment suppressed the Cdc25C level, which led to inactivation of CDK1. HNE-induced phosphorylation of Cdc25C at Ser-216 resulted in its translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm, thereby facilitating its degradation via the ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal pathway. This phosphorylation of Cdc25C was regulated by activation of the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR)/checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) pathway. The role of HNE in the DNA double strand break was strongly suggested by a remarkable increase in comet tail formation and H2A.X phosphorylation in HNE-treated cells in vitro. This was supported by increased in vivo phosphorylation of H2A.X in mGsta4 null mice that have impaired HNE metabolism and increased HNE levels in tissues. HNE-mediated ATR/Chk1 signaling was inhibited by ATR kinase inhibitor (caffeine). Additionally, most of the signaling effects of HNE on cell cycle arrest were attenuated in hGSTA4 transfected cells, thereby indicating the involvement of HNE in these events. A novel role of GSTA4-4 in the maintenance of genomic integrity is also suggested.
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Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase is an upstream regulator of the phosphodiesterase 3B pathway of leptin signalling that may not involve activation of Akt in the rat hypothalamus. J Neuroendocrinol 2013; 25:168-79. [PMID: 22967108 PMCID: PMC3549038 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2012.02386.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Leptin, the product of the obese gene, regulates energy homeostasis by acting primarily at the level of the hypothalamus. Leptin action through its receptor involves various pathways, including the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B)-cAMP signalling in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. In the hypothalamus, leptin stimulates STAT3 activation, and induces PI3K and PDE3B activities, among others. We have previously demonstrated that PDE3B activation in the hypothalamus is critical for transducing the anorectic and body weight reducing effects of leptin. Similarly, PI3K has been implicated to play a critical role in leptin signalling in the hypothalamus. Although, in the insulin signalling pathway, PI3K is known to be an upstream regulator of PDE3B in non-neuronal tissues, it is still unknown whether this is also the case for leptin signalling in the hypothalamus. To address this possibility, the effect of wortmannin, a specific PI3K inhibitor, was examined on leptin-induced PDE3B activity in the hypothalamus of male rats. Intracerebroventricular injection of leptin (4 μg) significantly increased PDE3B activity by two-fold in the hypothalamus as expected. However, previous administration of wortmannin completely reversed the stimulatory effect of leptin on PDE3B activity in the hypothalamus. To investigate whether leptin stimulates phospho (p)-Akt levels and that there might be a possible upstream regulator of PDE3B, we examined the effects of i.c.v. leptin on p-Akt levels in the hypothalamus and compared them with the known stimulatory effect of insulin on p-Akt. We observed that insulin increased p-Akt levels but leptin failed to do so, although it increased p-STAT3 levels, in the rat hypothalamus. Immunocytochemistry confirmed the biochemical findings in that leptin failed but insulin increased the number of p-Akt positive cells in various hypothalamic nuclei. Taken together, these results implicate PI3K but not Akt as an upstream regulator of the PDE3B pathway of leptin signalling in the rat hypothalamus.
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Role of 4-hydroxynonenal in chemopreventive activities of sulforaphane. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 52:2177-85. [PMID: 22579574 PMCID: PMC3377772 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemoprevention of cancer via herbal and dietary supplements is a logical approach to combating cancer and currently it is an attractive area of research investigation. Over the years, isothiocyanates, such as sulforaphane (SFN) found in cruciferous vegetables, have been advocated as chemopreventive agents, and their efficacy has been demonstrated in cell lines and animal models. In vivo studies with SFN suggest that in addition to protecting normal healthy cells from environmental carcinogens, it also exhibits cytotoxicity and apoptotic effects against various cancer cell types. Among several mechanisms for the chemopreventive activity of SFN against chemical carcinogenesis, its effect on drug-metabolizing enzymes that cause activation/neutralization of carcinogenic metabolites is well established. Recent studies suggest that SFN exerts its selective cytotoxicity to cancer cells via reactive oxygen species-mediated generation of lipid peroxidation products, particularly 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). Against the background of the known biochemical effects of SFN on normal and cancer cells, in this article we review the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the overall chemopreventive effects of SFN, focusing on the role of HNE in these mechanisms, which may also contribute to its selective cytotoxicity to cancer cells.
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Detection of hidden structures for arbitrary scales in complex physical systems. Sci Rep 2012; 2:329. [PMID: 22461970 PMCID: PMC3314987 DOI: 10.1038/srep00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent decades have experienced the discovery of numerous complex materials. At the root of the complexity underlying many of these materials lies a large number of contending atomic- and largerscale configurations. In order to obtain a more detailed understanding of such systems, we need tools that enable the detection of pertinent structures on all spatial and temporal scales. Towards this end, we suggest a new method that applies to both static and dynamic systems which invokes ideas from network analysis and information theory. Our approach efficiently identifies basic unit cells, topological defects, and candidate natural structures. The method is particularly useful where a clear definition of order is lacking, and the identified features may constitute a natural point of departure for further analysis.
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The Observed Correlation between in vivo Clinical Pharmacokinetic Parameters and in vitro Potency of VEGFR-2 Inhibitors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 62:194-201. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1299772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Inhibition of mercapturic acid pathway-mediated disposal of 4-hydroxynonenal causes complete and sustained remission of human cancer xenografts in nude mice. INDIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY 2011; 49:817-825. [PMID: 22126012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Environmental electrophilic chemical carcinogens are detoxified via mercapturic acid pathway to be excreted as mercapturic acid derivatives. Mercapturic acid pathway is also involved in the metabolism of pro-apoptotic and toxic endogenous electrophiles such as 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). HNE is a common denominator in stress induced signaling and is a pro-apoptotic second messenger that affects cell cycle signaling in a concentration dependent manner. It can regulate signaling for apoptosis, differentiation, and gene expression by interacting with the transcriptional factors, transcriptional repressors, membrane receptors and other proteins. First two rate limiting enzymes of the mercapturic acid pathway, GSTs that conjugate HNE to glutathione (GSH), and RLIP76 that excludes GHS-HNE conjugate from cells, regulate the intracellular concentration of HNE. Thus GSTs and RLIP76 can have a profound effect on cell cycle signaling. Our studies have established that increased HNE levels in cells promote apoptotic signaling while at decreased levels below its basal constituted levels HNE promote proliferation. A major outcome of these findings is that by blocking the mercapturic acid pathway mediated detoxification of HNE through the inhibition of RLIP76 catalyzed transport of GS-HNE, a complete remission of many human cancer xenografts in mice can be achieved.
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Stability-Indicating RP-HPLC Method for Estimation of Miglitol in Bulk and Tablets. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 72:781-4. [PMID: 21969753 PMCID: PMC3178982 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.84594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2009] [Revised: 07/17/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A selective and sensitive, stability-indicating reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method has been first developed and validated for the estimation of miglitol in bulk and tablet dosages form. Samples were separated on a prepacked, Inertsil amino C(18) column (150×4.6 mm i.d.) using a mobile phase comprised of acetonitrile and monobasic sodium phosphate pH 7.5 (80:20, v/v) delivered at 1.5 ml/min flow rate. Detection was performed on a SPD-20A prominence UV/Vis detector at 220 nm. The retention time for miglitol was 13.93±0.0367. The method was validated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, ruggedness, and specificity, limit of detection and limit of quantification. The linearity (r(2)) and percentage recoveries of miglitol were 0.9986 and 99.85%. This method is suitable for routine estimation of miglitol in bulk and tablet dosages form.
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Detecting hidden spatial and spatio-temporal structures in glasses and complex physical systems by multiresolution network clustering. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2011; 34:105. [PMID: 21959545 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2011-11105-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2011] [Revised: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We elaborate on a general method that we recently introduced for characterizing the "natural" structures in complex physical systems via multi-scale network analysis. The method is based on "community detection" wherein interacting particles are partitioned into an "ideal gas" of optimally decoupled groups of particles. Specifically, we construct a set of network representations ("replicas") of the physical system based on interatomic potentials and apply a multiscale clustering ("multiresolution community detection") analysis using information-based correlations among the replicas. Replicas may i) be different representations of an identical static system, ii) embody dynamics by considering replicas to be time separated snapshots of the system (with a tunable time separation), or iii) encode general correlations when different replicas correspond to different representations of the entire history of the system as it evolves in space-time. Inputs for our method are the inter-particle potentials or experimentally measured two (or higher order) particle correlations. We apply our method to computer simulations of a binary Kob-Andersen Lennard-Jones system in a mixture ratio of A(80)B(20) , a ternary model system with components "A", "B", and "C" in ratios of A(88)B(7)C(5) (as in Al(88)Y(7)Fe(5) , and to atomic coordinates in a Zr(80)Pt(20) system as gleaned by reverse Monte Carlo analysis of experimentally determined structure factors. We identify the dominant structures (disjoint or overlapping) and general length scales by analyzing extrema of the information theory measures. We speculate on possible links between i) physical transitions or crossovers and ii) changes in structures found by this method as well as phase transitions associated with the computational complexity of the community detection problem. We also briefly consider continuum approaches and discuss rigidity and the shear penetration depth in amorphous systems; this latter length scale increases as the system becomes progressively rigid.
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A drug–drug interaction study of everolimus (an mTOR inhibitor) and JI-101, an orally active inhibitor of VEGF 2, PDGF, and EphB4 receptors, in patients with advanced urologic tumors. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e15077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Abstract 1525: RLIP76 transports sunitinib and sorafenib and mediates drug resistance in kidney cancer. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am10-1525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
RLIP76 is a stress-responsive membrane protein implicated in the regulation of multiple cellular signaling pathways. It functions as the predominant glutathione-electrophile conjugate (GS-E) transporter in cells. We have shown that RLIP76 plays a crucial role in defending cancer cells from radiation and chemotherapeutic toxin-mediated apoptosis, and its inhibition by antibodies or depletion by siRNA or antisense causes apoptosis in a number of cancer cell types. Recently, we have demonstrated for the first time the striking anti-neoplastic effects with no evident toxicity in terms of either weight loss or metabolic effects for the antibody, antisense and siRNA in a renal cell xenografts model of Caki-2 cells (Singhal et al., Cancer Res., 2009, 69: 4244). Present studies were performed to determine if RLIP76 targeting is more broadly applicable in other kidney cancer cell lines, to compare the signaling effects of RLIP76 antisense with kinase inhibitors used in treatment of renal cell carcinoma, and to determine whether kinase inhibitors were substrates for transport by RLIP76. Results of these studies show that sorafenib as well as sunitinib are substrates for transport by RLIP76 thus are competitive inhibitors of GS-E transport. Furthermore, kinase inhibition in the ERK as well as PI3K pathways by RLIP76 depletion is more profound and consistent and is more widely apparent in a number of renal carcinoma cell lines. These studies support the validity of RLIP76 as a target in kidney cancer therapy, and the functional model in which RLIP76 provides protection from chemical and radiant stress through its transport activity. Results of these studies revealed for the first time that sorafenib as well as sunitinib, receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKIs), are substrates for transport by RLIP76. These studies offer strong support for our overall hypothesis that RLIP76 is an overarching anti-apoptosis mechanism that, if inhibited, can be more broadly effective in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. (Supported in part by NIH Grants CA 77495 and CA 104661 (to SA), Cancer Research Foundation of North Texas (to SSS & SY), Institute for Cancer Research and the Joe & Jessie Crump Fund for Medical Education (to SSS))
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1525.
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Masking the scrotal problem in surgery. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2010; 91:269-70. [PMID: 20238455 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2009.91.3.269b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Rlip76 transports sunitinib and sorafenib and mediates drug resistance in kidney cancer. Int J Cancer 2010; 126:1327-38. [PMID: 19626587 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
RLIP76 is a stress-responsive membrane protein implicated in the regulation of multiple cellular signaling pathways. It represents the predominant glutathione-conjugate (GS-E) transporter in cells. We have shown that RLIP76 plays a crucial role in defending cancer cells from radiation and chemotherapeutic toxin-mediated apoptosis, and that its inhibition by antibodies or depletion by siRNA or antisense causes apoptosis in a number of cancer cell types. We demonstrated for the first time that the striking anti-neoplastic effects with no evident toxicity in terms of either weight loss or metabolic effects are also demonstrable for the antibody, antisense and siRNA in a renal cell xenografts model of Caki-2 cells (Singhal et al., Cancer Res., 2009, 69: 4244). Present studies were performed to determine if RLIP76 targeting is more broadly applicable in other kidney cancer cell lines, to compare the signaling effects of RLIP76 antisense with kinase inhibitors used in treatment of renal cell carcinoma, and to determine whether kinase inhibitors were substrates for transport by RLIP76. Results of these studies show that sorafenib as well as sunitinib are substrates for transport by RLIP76 thus are competitive inhibitors of GS-E transport. Furthermore, kinase inhibition in the ERK as well as PI3K pathways by RLIP76 depletion is more profound and consistent and is more widely apparent in a number of renal carcinoma cell lines. These studies offer strong support for our overall hypothesis that RLIP76 is an overarching anti-apoptosis mechanism that, if inhibited, can be more broadly effective in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma.
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UP-2.160: Treating Unilateral Localised Prostate Cancer with Hemi-Ablation High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU): Results of a NCRN-Approved Phase II Focal Therapy Clinical Trial. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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MP-16.13: Vascular-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy Using WST11 in Patients with Localized Prostate Cancer. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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UP-2.161: Focal High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) Therapy in the Treatment of Localised Prostate Cancer: Early Results of a Phase II Trial. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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MP-21.13: Accuracy of Multi-sequence Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Radio-recurrent Prostate Cancer. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Vitamin D replacement in pregnant women in rural north India: a pilot study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2009; 63:1157-9. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
RLIP76 is a multifunctional transporter protein that serves as an energy-dependent efflux mechanism for endogenously generated toxic metabolites as well as exogenous toxins, including chemotherapy drugs. Our recent studies in cultured cells, syngeneic animal tumor model, and in xenograft model have shown that RLIP76 serves a major cancer-specific antiapoptotic role in a wide variety of histologic types of cancer, including leukemia, melanoma, colon, lung, prostate, and ovarian cancer. Results of present studies in cell culture and xenograft model of Caki-2 cells show that RLIP76 is an important anticancer for kidney cancer because inhibition of RLIP76 function by antibody or its depletion by small interfering RNA or antisense DNA caused marked and sustained regression of established human kidney xenografts of Caki-2 cells in nude mouse.
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Functional reconstitution of RLIP76 catalyzing ATP-dependent transport of glutathione-conjugates. Int J Oncol 2009; 34:191-199. [PMID: 19082490 PMCID: PMC2664085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
RLIP76, a stress-responsive, multi-functional protein with multi-specific transport activity towards glutathione-conjugates (GS-E) and chemotherapeutic agents is frequently overexpressed in malignant cells. Our recent studies suggest that it plays a prominent anti-apoptotic role selectively in cancer cells. The present studies were performed to compare RLIP76 activity towards glutathione-conjugates in recombinant and K562 human erythroleukemia cells. The purity and identity of recombinant and K562 RLIP76 was established by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. These studies confirmed the origin of the 38 kDa protein, previously referred to as DNP-SG ATPase, from RLIP76. Comparison of ATPase activity and transport kinetics for DNP-SG and GS-HNE between recombinant vs. K562 RLIP76 revealed higher specific activity of ATPase and transport for recombinant purified RLIP76, indicating that additional factors present in recombinant purified RLIP76 can modulate its transport activity.
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Diminished drug transport and augmented radiation sensitivity caused by loss of RLIP76. FEBS Lett 2008; 582:3408-14. [PMID: 18789326 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2008] [Revised: 08/28/2008] [Accepted: 09/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to characterize the consequences of Ral-interacting protein (RLIP76)-loss with respect to drug resistance, transport, radiation resistance, and alternative transport mechanisms in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). MEFs were derived from RLIP76+/+, RLIP76+/- and RLIP76-/- mice. The transport of doxorubicin (DOX), colchicine (COL), leukotriene C4 and dinitrophenyl S-glutathione (DNP-SG) was analyzed in inside-out vesicles (IOVs) prepared from MEFs. We used immuno-titration of transport activity to determine the contribution of RLIP76, MRP1, and p-glycoprotein (Pgp) towards total transport activity. Loss of RLIP76 alleles resulted in significant sensitization to radiation, DOX, cisplatin, and vinorelbine (VRL). In IOVs prepared from MEFs, we observed a stepwise loss of transport activity. Loss of RLIP76 confers sensitivity to xenobiotics and radiation due to the loss of a common transport mechanism for glutathione-electrophile conjugates and xenobiotics.
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Evaluation of oxidative stress status following polyherbal formulation therapy in patients of cholelithiasis with choledocholithiasis. Anc Sci Life 2005; 24:143-51. [PMID: 22557169 PMCID: PMC3330936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2004] [Accepted: 12/12/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Free radicals produce persistent oxidative stress in biological system and are highly reactive molecules produced as a byproduct of metabolism. A reactive free redical generated in the body reacts with non-radical molecules and results in free radical chain reaction leading to formation of new free radicals. If the defense mechanism of body fails to combat them or they are not properly utilized in the body -these silent killers pose a threat by injuring tissues, their proteins and fat contents. Lipids in the cell membrane undergo degradation to form hydroperoxides((1, 2, 3).) Polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA, are especially liable to lipid peroxidation. Lipid hydroperoxids decompose to form a variety of products including malondialdehyde (MDA) which is used as an indicator of oxidative damage of cells and tissues((4).)The present investigations involve the study of oxidative stress in the bile juice from the patients of cholecystitis/cholelithiasis with choledocholithiasis treated by cholecystectomy with choledochotomy (CBD exploration) with T-tube drainage. Results of malondialdehyde status in the bile juice of these patients pre-operatively and following polyherbal formulation therapy from 3(rd) to 10(th) post operative day are discussed.
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Noninvasive management of Indian visceral leishmaniasis: clinical application of diagnosis by K39 antigen strip testing at a kala-azar referral unit. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 35:581-6. [PMID: 12173133 DOI: 10.1086/342057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2002] [Revised: 04/19/2002] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Firm diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) requires organ aspiration and microscopic examination of tissue specimens. To determine the usefulness of noninvasive diagnosis by strip test detection of anti-K39 immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibody in blood specimens obtained by fingerstick, 143 Indian patients with suspected kala-azar (fever, splenomegaly, anemia) were studied. Of 120 strip test-positive subjects (subjects with presumed kala-azar [group A]), amphotericin B treatment induced clinical cure in 119. Of 23 strip test-negative subjects (subjects presumed to have other diseases [group B]), 16 had other disorders diagnosed at entry, 4 responded to empiric antimalarial therapy, 2 were proven to have kala-azar, and 1 died elsewhere after undergoing splenic aspiration. Six months after treatment ended, all 120 patients in group A and the 18 assessable patients in group B were healthy. In a region in India where visceral infection is prevalent, strip test detection of anti-K39 IgG is a clinically promising diagnostic guide in persons with suspected kala-azar.
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Immunochromatographic strip-test detection of anti-K39 antibody in Indian visceral leishmaniasis. ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY 2002; 96:19-23. [PMID: 11989529 DOI: 10.1179/000349802125000466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Stored sera from 429 Indian subjects were assayed to extend the analysis of the accuracy of immunochromatographic strip-test detection of anti-K39 antibody in the non-invasive diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). All 225 samples from patients with proven Leishmania infection tested positive [estimated sensitivity = 100%; 95% confidence interval (CI)=98%-100%]. Sera from 99 of the 100 symptomatic patients with other diseases were non-reactive (estimated specificity = 99%; CI = 94%-100%). However, samples from 13 of the 104 apparently healthy controls showed positive strip-test results (estimated specificity = 88%; CI = 79%-93%), yielding an overall specificity of 93% (190/204; CI = 88%-96%). If applied in a practical clinical setting (on symptomatic patients in whom active VL is suspected and other common infections have been excluded), strip testing of serum for anti-K39 antibody should be both sensitive and specific for diagnosing VL in India.
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Abstract
With aging, there is a decrease in the level of hormones, such as estrogen, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and growth hormone. The effect of this decrease on the skin has been poorly documented, although more data are available for estrogen than for other hormones. This article reviews the effect of decreasing hormone levels on the skin and the possible cutaneous benefits of hormone replacement therapy.
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Serous fluid leakage following modified Blalock-Taussig operation using PTFE grafts. Indian Heart J 2001; 53:328-31. [PMID: 11516033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serous fluid leakage is an unusual but often devastating complication following the placement of a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt using a polytetrafluoroethylene graft. METHOD AND RESULTS Between September 1994 and September 1999, out of 268 patients undergoing a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt using polytetrafluoroethylene grafts, 10 developed massive pleural effusion or seroma due to a leak from the surface of the shunt. The age of the patients ranged from 9 days to 7 years. There were 7 males and 3 females. Nine patients presented with respiratory distress between 2 and 12 weeks of shunt surgery and one presented with sudden cardiac arrest. The shunt was patent in all the patients. Initial management was conservative. i.e. by pharmacological means and tube thoracostomy. Reoperation was undertaken in 9 patients when conservative treatment failed. All patients survived except one who had a cardiac arrest before any intervention could be carried out. CONCLUSIONS Patients with serous effusion have significant morbidity and mortality and often require reoperation. The initial management remains conservative but, if unsuccessful, re-exploration can be undertaken as it proved to be uniformly successful in our experience.
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Femoral artery pressures are more reliable than radial artery pressures on initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2000; 14:274-6. [PMID: 10890480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare radial and femoral artery perfusion pressure during initiation and various stages of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING The cardiac center of a tertiary referral teaching institute. PARTICIPANTS Sixty consecutive patients of all ages undergoing a variety of cardiac operations. INTERVENTIONS Radial and femoral arterial pressures were measured in all patients on the same transducer, from the beginning to end of CPB. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Mean perfusion pressures on CPB measured at the femoral artery at 1, 5, 10, and 15 minutes of CPB were 38.4+/-3.6, 46.2+/-3.1, 49.7+/-3.9, and 52.8+/-4.1 mmHg and were significantly greater than the corresponding radial artery pressures (29.9+/-4.1, 35.3+/-6.1, 40.9+/-4.8, and 41.8+/-5.3 mmHg) (p < 0.001). At 30 minutes and 60 minutes of CPB, femoral artery pressures are higher (60.3+/-8.8 mmHg and 66.4+/-8.2 mmHg) compared with radial artery pressures (54.7+/-6.9 mmHg and 59.6+/-6.1 mmHg), but the difference is less significant (p < 0.05). On conclusion of CPB, mean femoral artery pressures (70.9+/-6.7 mmHg) are greater than mean radial artery pressures (67.6+/-8.1 mmHg) (NS). CONCLUSIONS Although radial artery pressures are more commonly monitored during cardiac surgery, femoral artery perfusion pressures are more reliable during the initial part of CPB, and routine monitoring of femoral artery pressures may prevent vasoconstrictor use on initiation of CPB.
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Viscosity, conductance and acoustic studies on lanthanum (III) chloride in water and maltose-water mixed solvent system. J Mol Liq 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7322(99)00188-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Role of Aragvadhadi Sutra in the Management of Fistula -in-Ano. Anc Sci Life 2000; 19:110-2. [PMID: 22556930 PMCID: PMC3336432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/1999] [Accepted: 12/18/1999] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Medicine has its own importance for the treatment of various medical and surgical diseases irrespective of tremendous development of modern medicine. There are number of diseases were after repeated surgery. Fistula-in ano is one such condition which is prone to recurrence even after repeated surgery and can be effectively treated by Ayurvedic medicines. An extensive work has been done on the treatment of Bhagandara by Kshara sutra exploring various aspects of the problem and finding our the solution to them1. the present study is related to similar type of medicated thread known as Aragvadadi Sutra which has been mentioned by sushruta in Bhagandara. It consists of Aragvadha (Cassia fistula), Haridra (Curcuma longa), Agaru (Aquilaria agalocha), Madhu (Honey) and Ghrita (Ghee). This is the first non-caustic thread being tried on different types of Bhagandara. Especially it is a painless thread, non-irritant and very useful in sensitive patients like children, females and elders.
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The venous ACT after heparin--how much discard? J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1998; 12:721-2. [PMID: 9854678 DOI: 10.1016/s1053-0770(98)90266-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hypertrophy of ectopic thyroid remnant following adult onset hypothyroidism. Clin Nucl Med 1997; 22:272-3. [PMID: 9099496 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-199704000-00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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