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Brian BF, Sauer ML, Greene JT, Senevirathne SE, Lindstedt AJ, Funk OL, Ruis BL, Ramirez LA, Auger JL, Swanson WL, Nunez MG, Moriarity BS, Lowell CA, Binstadt BA, Freedman TS. A dominant function of LynB kinase in preventing autoimmunity. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabj5227. [PMID: 35452291 PMCID: PMC9032976 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj5227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report that the LynB splice variant of the Src-family kinase Lyn exerts a dominant immunosuppressive function in vivo, whereas the LynA isoform is uniquely required to restrain autoimmunity in female mice. We used CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to constrain lyn splicing and expression, generating single-isoform LynA knockout (LynAKO) or LynBKO mice. Autoimmune disease in total LynKO mice is characterized by production of antinuclear antibodies, glomerulonephritis, impaired B cell development, and overabundance of activated B cells and proinflammatory myeloid cells. Expression of LynA or LynB alone uncoupled the developmental phenotype from the autoimmune disease: B cell transitional populations were restored, but myeloid cells and differentiated B cells were dysregulated. These changes were isoform-specific, sexually dimorphic, and distinct from the complete LynKO. Despite the apparent differences in disease etiology and penetrance, loss of either LynA or LynB had the potential to induce severe autoimmune disease with parallels to human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben F. Brian
- Graduate Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Monica L. Sauer
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Joseph T. Greene
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - S. Erandika Senevirathne
- Graduate Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Anders J. Lindstedt
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Olivia L. Funk
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Brian L. Ruis
- Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Luis A. Ramirez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Auger
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Whitney L. Swanson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Myra G. Nunez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Branden S. Moriarity
- Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Clifford A. Lowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Bryce A. Binstadt
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Tanya S. Freedman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Brian BF, Jolicoeur AS, Guerrero CR, Nunez MG, Sychev ZE, Hegre SA, Sætrom P, Habib N, Drake JM, Schwertfeger KL, Freedman TS. Unique-region phosphorylation targets LynA for rapid degradation, tuning its expression and signaling in myeloid cells. eLife 2019; 8:e46043. [PMID: 31282857 PMCID: PMC6660195 DOI: 10.7554/elife.46043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of Src-family kinases (SFKs), which phosphorylate immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs), is a critical factor regulating myeloid-cell activation. We reported previously that the SFK LynA is uniquely susceptible to rapid ubiquitin-mediated degradation in macrophages, functioning as a rheostat regulating signaling (Freedman et al., 2015). We now report the mechanism by which LynA is preferentially targeted for degradation and how cell specificity is built into the LynA rheostat. Using genetic, biochemical, and quantitative phosphopeptide analyses, we found that the E3 ubiquitin ligase c-Cbl preferentially targets LynA via a phosphorylated tyrosine (Y32) in its unique region. This distinct mode of c-Cbl recognition depresses steady-state expression of LynA in macrophages derived from mice. Mast cells, however, express little c-Cbl and have correspondingly high LynA. Upon activation, mast-cell LynA is not rapidly degraded, and SFK-mediated signaling is amplified relative to macrophages. Cell-specific c-Cbl expression thus builds cell specificity into the LynA checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben F Brian
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
| | | | - Candace R Guerrero
- College of Biological Sciences Center for Mass Spectrometry and ProteomicsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
| | - Myra G Nunez
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
| | - Zoi E Sychev
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
| | - Siv A Hegre
- Department of Clinical and Molecular MedicineNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Pål Sætrom
- Department of Clinical and Molecular MedicineNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
- Department of Computer ScienceNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | - Nagy Habib
- Department of Surgery and CancerHammersmith Hospital, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Justin M Drake
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
- Masonic Cancer CenterUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
- Department of UrologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
| | - Kathryn L Schwertfeger
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
- Masonic Cancer CenterUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
- Center for ImmunologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
| | - Tanya S Freedman
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
- Masonic Cancer CenterUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
- Center for ImmunologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases ResearchUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisUnited States
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Laguna TA, Williams CB, Nunez MG, Welchlin-Bradford C, Moen CE, Reilly CS, Wendt CH. Biomarkers of inflammation in infants with cystic fibrosis. Respir Res 2018; 19:6. [PMID: 29310632 PMCID: PMC5759377 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0713-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are urgent needs for clinically relevant biomarkers to identify children with cystic fibrosis (CF) at risk for more progressive lung disease and to serve as outcome measures for clinical trials. Our objective was to investigate three targeted biomarkers in a population of asymptomatic CF infants. Methods Urine, blood and lung function data were collected for 2 years from clinically stable infants diagnosed with CF by newborn screening. A subset of CF infants had bronchoscopy with lavage performed at 6 months and 1 year. Urine was collected quarterly from healthy control infants. Expectorated sputum and urine were collected quarterly for 2 years from clinically stable CF adults. Desmosine, club cell secretory protein (CCSP) and cathepsin B concentrations were measured and compared. Mixed effects models were used to identify associations between biomarker concentrations and clinical characteristics. Receiver operator characteristic curves were generated to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of the biomarkers. Results Urinary cathepsin B was significantly higher in CF infants compared to healthy infants (p = 0.005). CF infant airway and urinary cathepsin B concentrations were significantly lower compared to adult CF subjects (p = 0.002 & p = 0.022, respectively). CF infant airway CCSP was significantly higher than adult CF subjects (p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between CF infant plasma CCSP and BALF CCSP (p = 0.046). BALF CCSP was negatively associated with IL-8 (p = 0.017). There was no correlation between biomarker concentration and FEV0.5. Conclusions Cathepsin B and CCSP show promise as biomarkers of inflammation in CF infants. Further study is needed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-017-0713-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A Laguna
- Minnesota CF Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, 420 Delaware St. SE; MMC-742, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Cynthia B Williams
- Minnesota CF Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, 420 Delaware St. SE; MMC-742, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Myra G Nunez
- Minnesota CF Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, 420 Delaware St. SE; MMC-742, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Cole Welchlin-Bradford
- Minnesota CF Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, 420 Delaware St. SE; MMC-742, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Catherine E Moen
- Minnesota CF Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, 420 Delaware St. SE; MMC-742, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Cavan S Reilly
- School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Chris H Wendt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Minnesota and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Larson AA, Nunez MG, Kissel CL, Kovács KJ. Intrathecal urocortin I in the spinal cord as a murine model of stress hormone-induced musculoskeletal and tactile hyperalgesia. Eur J Neurosci 2015; 42:2772-82. [PMID: 26332847 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Stress is antinociceptive in some models of pain, but enhances musculoskeletal nociceptive responses in mice and muscle pain in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. To test the hypothesis that urocortins are stress hormones that are sufficient to enhance tactile and musculoskeletal hyperalgesia, von Frey fibre sensitivity and grip force after injection of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), urocortin I and urocortin II were measured in mice. Urocortin I (a CRF1 and CRF2 receptor ligand) produced hyperalgesia in both assays when injected intrathecally (i.t.) but not intracerebroventricularly, and only at a large dose when injected peripherally, suggesting a spinal action. Morphine inhibited urocortin I-induced changes in nociceptive responses in a dose-related fashion, confirming that changes in behaviour reflect hyperalgesia rather than weakness. No tolerance developed to the effect of urocortin I (i.t.) when injected repeatedly, consistent with a potential to enhance pain chronically. Tactile hyperalgesia was inhibited by NBI-35965, a CRF1 receptor antagonist, but not astressin 2B, a CRF2 receptor antagonist. However, while urocortin I-induced decreases in grip force were not observed when co-administered i.t. with either NBI-35965 or astressin 2B, they were even more sensitive to inhibition by astressin, a non-selective CRF receptor antagonist. Together these data indicate that urocortin I acts at CRF receptors in the mouse spinal cord to elicit a reproducible and persistent tactile (von Frey) and musculoskeletal (grip force) hyperalgesia. Urocortin I-induced hyperalgesia may serve as a screen for drugs that alleviate painful conditions that are exacerbated by stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice A Larson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue Room 295, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Myra G Nunez
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue Room 295, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Casey L Kissel
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue Room 295, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Katalin J Kovács
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue Room 295, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
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Abdelhamid RE, Kovács KJ, Nunez MG, Larson AA. After a cold conditioning swim, UCP2-deficient mice are more able to defend against the cold than wild type mice. Physiol Behav 2014; 135:168-73. [PMID: 24952267 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is widely distributed throughout the body including the brain, adipose tissue and skeletal muscles. In contrast to UCP1, UCP2 does not influence resting body temperature and UCP2-deficient (-/-) mice have normal thermoregulatory responses to a single exposure to cold ambient temperatures. Instead, UCP2-deficient mice are more anxious, exhibit anhedonia and have higher circulating corticosterone than wild type mice. To test the possible role of UCP2 in depressive behavior we exposed UCP2-deficient and wild type mice to a cold (26°C) forced swim and simultaneously measured rectal temperatures during and after the swim. The time that UCP2-deficient mice spent immobile did not differ from wild type mice and all mice floated more on day 2. However, UCP2-deficient mice were more able to defend against the decrease in body temperature during a second daily swim at 26°C than wild type mice (area under the curve for wild type mice: 247.0±6.4; for UCP2-deficient mice: 284.4±3.8, P<0.0001, Student's t test). The improved thermoregulation of wild type mice during a second swim at 26°C correlated with their greater immobility whereas defense against the warmth during a swim at 41°C correlated better with greater immobility of UCP2-deficient mice. Together these data indicate that while the lack of UCP2 has no acute effect on body temperature, UCP2 may inhibit rapid improvements in defense against cold, in contrast to UCP1, whose main function is to promote thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy E Abdelhamid
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Katalin J Kovács
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Myra G Nunez
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Alice A Larson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
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Abdelhamid RE, Kovacs KJ, Pasley JD, Nunez MG, Larson AA. Forced swim-induced musculoskeletal hyperalgesia is mediated by CRF2 receptors but not by TRPV1 receptors. Neuropharmacology 2013; 72:29-37. [PMID: 23624287 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The exacerbation of musculoskeletal pain by stress in humans is modeled by the musculoskeletal hyperalgesia in rodents following a forced swim. We hypothesized that stress-sensitive corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) receptors and transient receptor vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptors are responsible for the swim stress-induced musculoskeletal hyperalgesia. We confirmed that a cold swim (26 °C) caused a transient, morphine-sensitive decrease in grip force responses reflecting musculoskeletal hyperalgesia in mice. Pretreatment with the CRF2 receptor antagonist astressin 2B, but not the CRF1 receptor antagonist NBI-35965, attenuated this hyperalgesia. Desensitizing the TRPV1 receptor centrally or peripherally using desensitizing doses of resiniferatoxin (RTX) failed to prevent the musculoskeletal hyperalgesia produced by cold swim. SB-366791, a TRPV1 antagonist, also failed to influence swim-induced hyperalgesia. Together these data indicate that swim stress-induced musculoskeletal hyperalgesia is mediated, in part, by CRF2 receptors but is independent of the TRPV1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy E Abdelhamid
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue Room 295, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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