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Sunita, Singhvi N, Gupta V, Singh Y, Shukla P. Computational Approaches for the Structure-Based Identification of Novel Inhibitors Targeting Nucleoid-Associated Proteins in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:814-823. [PMID: 36913083 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00710-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Implementation of computational tools in the identification of novel drug targets for Tuberculosis (TB) has been a promising area of research. TB has been a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) localized primarily on the lungs and it has been one of the most successful pathogen in the history of mankind. Extensively arising drug resistivity in TB has made it a global challenge and need for new drugs has become utmost important.The involvement of Nucleoid-Associated Proteins (NAPs) in maintaining the structure of the genomic material and regulating various cellular processes like transcription, DNA replication, repair and recombination makes significant, has opened a new arena to find the drugs targeting Mtb. The current study aims to identify potential inhibitors of NAPs through a computational approach. In the present work we worked on the eight NAPs of Mtb, namely, Lsr2, EspR, HupB, HNS, NapA, mIHF and NapM. The structural modelling and analysis of these NAPs were carried out. Moreover, molecular interaction were checked and binding energy was identified for 2500 FDA-approved drugs that were selected for antagonist analysis to choose novel inhibitors targeting NAPs of Mtb. Drugs including Amikacin, streptomycin, kanamycin, and isoniazid along with eight FDA-approved molecules that were found to be potential novel targets for these mycobacterial NAPs and have an impact on their functions. The potentiality of several anti-tubercular drugs as therapeutic agents identified through computational modelling and simulation unlocks a new gateway for accomplishing the goal to treat TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
- Bacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Nirjara Singhvi
- Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India
| | - Vipin Gupta
- Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India
| | - Yogendra Singh
- Bacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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Sood U, Müller M, Lan T, Garg G, Singhvi N, Hira P, Singh P, Nigam A, Verma M, Lata P, Kaur H, Kumar A, Rawat CD, Lal S, Aldrich C, Bechthold A, Lal R. Amycolatopsis mediterranei: A Sixty-Year Journey from Strain Isolation to Unlocking Its Potential of Rifamycin Analogue Production by Combinatorial Biosynthesis. J Nat Prod 2024; 87:424-438. [PMID: 38289177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Ever since the isolation of Amycolatopsis mediterranei in 1957, this strain has been the focus of research worldwide. In the last 60 years or more, our understanding of the taxonomy, development of cloning vectors and conjugation system, physiology, genetics, genomics, and biosynthetic pathway of rifamycin B production in A. mediterranei has substantially increased. In particular, the development of cloning vectors, transformation system, characterization of the rifamycin biosynthetic gene cluster, and the regulation of rifamycin B production by the pioneering work of Heinz Floss have made the rifamycin polyketide biosynthetic gene cluster (PKS) an attractive target for extensive genetic manipulations to produce rifamycin B analogues which could be effective against multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis. Additionally, a better understanding of the regulation of rifamycin B production and the application of newer genomics tools, including CRISPR-assisted genome editing systems, might prove useful to overcome the limitations associated with low production of rifamycin analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utkarsh Sood
- Department of Zoology, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Moritz Müller
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Stefan-Meier-Straße 19, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Gauri Garg
- Department of Zoology, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Nirjara Singhvi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Princy Hira
- Department of Zoology, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110003, India
| | - Priya Singh
- Department of Zoology, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110003, India
| | - Aeshna Nigam
- Department of Zoology, Shivaji College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110027, India
| | - Mansi Verma
- Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Pushp Lata
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Hardeep Kaur
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Abhilash Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Charu Dogra Rawat
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Sukanya Lal
- PhiXGen Private Limited, Gurugram, Haryana-122001, India
| | - Courtney Aldrich
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Andreas Bechthold
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Stefan-Meier-Straße 19, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rup Lal
- PhiXGen Private Limited, Gurugram, Haryana-122001, India
- Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110019, India
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Rawat N, Ahmad N, Raturi P, Singhvi N, Sahai N, Kothiyal P. Nanobiomaterials: exploring mechanistic roles in combating microbial infections and cancer. Discov Nano 2023; 18:158. [PMID: 38123864 PMCID: PMC10733259 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03946-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The initiation of the "nanotechnology era" within the past decade has been prominently marked by advancements in biomaterials. This intersection has opened up numerous possibilities for enhancing the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of various illnesses by leveraging the synergy between biomaterials and nanotechnology. The term "nano biomaterials" referring to biomaterials featuring constituent or surface feature sizes below 100 nm, presents a realm of extraordinary materials endowed with unique structures and properties. Beyond addressing common biomedical challenges, these nano biomaterials contribute unprecedented insights and principles that enrich our understanding of biology, medicine, and materials science. A critical evaluation of recent technological progress in employing biomaterials in medicine is essential, along with an exploration of potential future trends. Nanotechnology breakthroughs have yielded novel surfaces, materials, and configurations with notable applications in the biomedical domain. The integration of nanotechnology has already begun to enhance traditional biomedical practices across diverse fields such as tissue engineering, intelligent systems, the utilization of nanocomposites in implant design, controlled release systems, biosensors, and more. This mini review encapsulates insights into biomaterials, encompassing their types, synthesis methods, and the roles of organic and inorganic nanoparticles, elucidating their mechanisms of action. Furthermore, the focus is squarely placed on nano biomaterials and their versatile applications, with a particular emphasis on their roles in anticancer and antimicrobial interventions. This review underscores the dynamic landscape of nanotechnology, envisioning a future where nano biomaterials play a pivotal role in advancing medical applications, particularly in combating cancer and microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Rawat
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Nabeel Ahmad
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, 248007, India.
| | - Pratishtha Raturi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Nirjara Singhvi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Nitin Sahai
- 3D Printing and Visualization Center, University of Pecs, Boszorkany str. 2, Pecs, Hungary
- Departmnet of Biomedical Engineering, North Eastern Hill University (Central University), Shillong, India
| | - Preeti Kothiyal
- School of Pharmacy and Research, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, 248007, India
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Tyagi I, Tyagi K, Gupta V, Dutta R, Singhvi N, Kumar V, Bhutiani R, Prakash O. Microbial diversity characterizations, associated pathogenesis and antimicrobial resistance profiling of Najafgarh drain. Environmental Research 2023; 238:117140. [PMID: 37716389 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
The Najafgarh drain plays a significant role in the pollution of the Yamuna River, accounting for 40% of the total pollution. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate and analyze the microbial diversity, metabolic functional capacity, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) present in the Najafgarh drain. Additionally, studying the water quality and its relationship with the proliferation of microorganisms in the drain is of utmost importance. Results obtained confirmed the deteriorated water quality as physico-chemical parameters such as biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen (DO), and total suspended solids (TSS) in the range of 125-140, 400-460, 0-0.2, 25-140.4 mg/l respectively violated the standard permissible national and global standards. In addition, the next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis confirm the presence of genus such as Thauera, Arcobacter, Pseudomonas, Geobacter, Dechloromonas, Tolumonas, Sulfurospirullum, Desulfovibrio, Aeromonas, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Cloacibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium etc. along with 864 ARGs in the wastewater obtained from the Najafgarh drain. Findings confirm that the pathogenic species reported from this dataset possess severe detrimental impact on faunal and human health. Further, Pearson's r correlation analysis indicated that environmental variables, mainly total dissolved solids (TDS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), play a pivotal role in driving microbial community structure of this heavily polluted drain. Thus, the poor water quality, presence of a microbial nexus, pathogenic markers, and ARGs throughout this drain confirmed that it would be one potential contributor to the dissemination of disease-causing agents (pathogens) to the household and drinking water supplies in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inderjeet Tyagi
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 700 053, West Bengal, India.
| | - Koamud Tyagi
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 700 053, West Bengal, India
| | - Vipin Gupta
- Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change, Integrated Regional Office-Dehradun, India, 248001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ritesh Dutta
- Kiit School of Biotechnology, Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Nirjara Singhvi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 700 053, West Bengal, India.
| | - Rakesh Bhutiani
- Limnology and Ecological Modelling Lab, Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukul Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, 249404, UK, India
| | - Om Prakash
- Symbiosis Centre for Climate Change and Sustainability (SCCCS), Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, 412115, Maharastra, India
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Laxmi V, Singhvi N, Ahmad N, Sinha S, Negi T, Gupta V, Mubashshir M, Ahmad A, Sharma S. Emerging Field of Nanotechnology in Environment. Indian J Microbiol 2023; 63:244-252. [PMID: 37781004 PMCID: PMC10533467 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The art of utilizing and manipulating micro materials have been dated back to antient era. With the advancement in technologies, the state-of-art methods of nano technologies and nano sciences has been employed in various sectors including environment, product designing, food industry, pharmaceuticals industries to way out solve standard problem of mankind. Due to rapid industrialization and the alarming levels of pollution there has been an urgent need to address the environmental and energy issues. Environmental sustainability concerns the global climate change and pollution including air, water, soil. The field of nanotechnology has proven to be a promising field where sensing and remediation, have been dramatically advanced by the use of nanomaterials. This emergent science of surface to mass ratio is the principle theorem for manipulating structure at molecular levels. The review sums up all the advancements in the field of nanotechnology and their recent application in the environment. New opportunities and challenges have also been discussed in detail to understand the use of nanotechnology as problem-to-solution ratio. Graphical abstract Image depicting the application of nanotechnology in environmental concerns. The combinations of technologies like bioremediations, bioaugmentations with state-of-the-art nanotechnology like carbon nanotubes and Nano capsules to answer the environmental challenges of soil quality, and plant productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijya Laxmi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007 India
| | - Nirjara Singhvi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007 India
| | - Nabeel Ahmad
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007 India
| | - Shruti Sinha
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007 India
| | - Tripti Negi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007 India
| | - Vipin Gupta
- Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Integrated Regional Office, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001 India
| | - Muhammad Mubashshir
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007 India
- Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Adnan Ahmad
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226026 India
| | - Sandeep Sharma
- School of Engineering and Computing, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007 India
- Omkarr Tech Solutions, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001 India
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Singhvi N, Talwar C, Mahanta U, Kaur J, Mondal K, Ahmad N, Tyagi I, Sharma G, Gupta V. Comparative genomics and integrated system biology approach unveiled undirected phylogeny patterns, mutational hotspots, functional patterns, and molecule repurposing for monkeypox virus. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:231. [PMID: 37432480 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01168-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Monkeypox is a viral zoonosis with symptoms that are reminiscent of those experienced in previous smallpox cases. The GSAID database (Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data) was used to assess 630 genomes of MPXV. The phylogenetic study revealed six primary clades, as well as a smaller percentage in radiating clades. Individual clades that make up various nationalities may have formed as a result of a particular SNP hotspot type that mutated in a specific population. The most significant mutation based on a mutational hotspot analysis was found at G3729A and G5143A. The gene ORF138, which encodes the Ankyrin repeat (ANK) protein, was found to have the most mutations. This protein mediates molecular recognition via protein-protein interactions. It was shown that 243 host proteins interacted with 10 monkeypox proteins identified as the hub proteins E3, SPI2, C5, K7, E8, G6, N2, B14, CRMB, and A41 through 262 direct connections. The interaction with chemokine system-related proteins provides further evidence that the monkeypox virus suppresses human proteins to facilitate its survival against innate immunity. Several FDA-approved molecules were evaluated as possible inhibitors of F13, a significant envelope protein on the membrane of extracellular versions of the virus. A total of 2500 putative ligands were individually docked with the F13 protein. The interaction between the F13 protein and these molecules may help prevent the monkeypox virus from spreading. After being confirmed by experiments, these putative inhibitors could have an impact on the activity of these proteins and be used in monkeypox treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirjara Singhvi
- Department of Zoology, School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Chandni Talwar
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, 110007
| | - Utkarsha Mahanta
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560100, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502284, India
| | - Jasvinder Kaur
- Department of Zoology, Gargi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110049, India
| | - Krishnendu Mondal
- Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Integrated Regional Office, Dehradun, 248001, India
| | - Nabeel Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Inderjeet Tyagi
- Centre of DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India,, Kolkata, 700053, India
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560100, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502284, India
| | - Vipin Gupta
- Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Integrated Regional Office, Dehradun, 248001, India.
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Mubashshir M, Ahmad N, Negi T, Rawal R, Singhvi N, Khatoon H, Laxmi V, Dubey O, Sharma RB, Negi G, Ovais M. Therapeutic Benefits of Melatonin against COVID-19. Neuroimmunomodulation 2023; 30:196-205. [PMID: 37336193 PMCID: PMC10614475 DOI: 10.1159/000531550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The assumption of the pineal hormone melatonin as a therapeutic use for COVID-19-affected people seems promising. Its intake has shown significant improvement in the patients' conditions. Higher melatonin titers in children may provide a protective shield against this disease. The hormone melatonin works as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulator, and strategically slows down the cytokine release which is observed in the COVID-19 disease, thereby improving the overall health of afflicted patients. The medical community is expected shortly to use remedial attributes like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antivirals, etc., of melatonin in the successful prevention and cure of COVID-19 morbidity. Thus, the administration of melatonin seems auspicious in the cure and prevention of this COVID-19 fatality. Moreover, melatonin does not seem to reduce the efficiency of approved vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Melatonin increases the production of inflammatory cytokines and Th1 and enhances both humoral and cell-mediated responses. Through the enhanced humoral immunity, melatonin exhibits antiviral activities by suppressing multiple inflammatory products such as IL-6, IL1β, and tumor necrosis factor α, which are immediately released during lung injury of severe COVID-19. Hence, the novel use of melatonin along with other antivirals as an early treatment option against COVID-19 infection is suggested. Here, we have chalked out the invasion mechanisms and appropriate implications of the latest findings concerned with melatonin against the virus SARS-CoV-2. Nevertheless, within the setting of a clinical intervention, the promising compounds must go through a series of studies before their recommendation. In the clinical field, this is done in a time-ordered sequence, in line with the phase label affixed to proper protocol of trials: phase I-phase II and the final phase III. Nevertheless, while medical recommendations can only be made on the basis of reassuring evidence, there are still three issues worth considering before implementation: representativeness, validity, and lastly generalizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mubashshir
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Nabeel Ahmad
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Tripti Negi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Renu Rawal
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Nirjara Singhvi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Hina Khatoon
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Vijya Laxmi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Om Dubey
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Renu Bala Sharma
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Ganga Negi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, India
| | - Mohd Ovais
- Department of Bio-Science, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, India
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Tyagi E, Singhvi N, Keshavam CC, Sangwan N, Gupta V, Bhimwal T, Seth R, Seth RK, Singh Y. Phylogenetic analysis and interactomics study unveil gene co-optive evolution of LysR-type transcription regulators across non-pathogenic, opportunistic, and pathogenic mycobacteria. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:168. [PMID: 37188288 PMCID: PMC10167064 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03583-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterial species is known for inhabiting various niches ranging from soil to harsh intracellular environment of animal hosts and their survival through constant changes. For survival and persistence, these organisms must quickly adapt by bringing shift in their metabolism. Metabolic shifts are brought by sensing the environmental cues usually by membrane localized sensor molecules. These signals are transmitted to regulators of various metabolic pathways leading to post-translational modifications of regulators ultimately resulting in altered metabolic state of the cell. Multiple regulatory mechanisms have been unearthed so far that play crucial role in adapting to these situations, and among them, the signal-dependent transcriptional regulators mediated responses are integral for the microbes to perceive environmental signals and generate appropriate adaptive responses. LysR-type transcriptional regulators (LTTRs) form the largest family of transcriptional regulators, which are present in all kingdoms of life. Their numbers vary among bacterial genera and even in different mycobacterial species. To understand the evolutionary aspect of pathogenicity based on LTTRs, we performed phylogenetic analysis of LTTRs encoded by several mycobacterial species representing non-pathogenic (NP), opportunistic (OP), and totally pathogenic (TP) mycobacteria. Our results showed that LTTRs of TP clustered separately from LTTRs of NP and OP mycobacteria. In addition, LTTRs frequency per Mb of genome was reduced in TP when compared with NP and OP. Further, the protein-protein interactions and degree-based network analysis showed concomitant increased interactions per LTTRs with increase in pathogenicity. These results suggested the increase in regulon of LTTRs during evolution of TP mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Tyagi
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Nirjara Singhvi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001 India
| | | | - Nitika Sangwan
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Vipin Gupta
- Ministry of Environment Forest & Climate Change, Integrated Regional Office, Dehradun, 248001 India
| | - Tanisha Bhimwal
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Ranjana Seth
- Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110019 India
| | | | - Yogendra Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
- Present Address: Delhi School of Public Health, Institution of Eminence, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
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Kumari R, Singhvi N, Sharma P, Choudhury C, Shakya R. Virtual screening of gut microbiome bacteriocins as potential inhibitors of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 to regulate adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis to combat obesity. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:12632-12642. [PMID: 36644882 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2167121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The gut bacterial strains and their metabolites have been shown to play a significant role in obesity, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this association are largely unresolved. Obesity is a multifactorial problem and is controlled by various mechanisms and pathways to produce and store fat cells. Bacteriocins are secondary metabolites produced by gut bacteria to defend themselves against their competitors. Recently, they have gained great attention due to their role in metabolic disorders, including obesity. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is a key enzyme involved in the differentiation of adipocytes. The aim of this study is to show the regulation of SCD1 by bacteriocins and thus their importance in obesity control. We screened the human gut bacteriome for the presence of bacteriocins, predicted their structures, and showed their inhibitory role by molecular docking with SCD1. Further, to confirm the docking results, MDS of six top scoring SCD1-bacteriocin complexes were carried out for 100 ns. These six bacteriocins namely, Plantaricin S-beta, Carnolysin, Lactococcin B, Bacteriocin Iic, Plantaricin N, and Thermophilin A, with strong binding affinities, are primarily produced by bacterial strains from the Lactobacillaeacea family. These findings can be the basis of further experiments for enhanced understanding of the underlying mechanisms for obesity control, specifically bacteriocins driven regulation of the SCD1 enzyme. In addition, a consortium of bacterial strains producing these bacteriocins can be developed and used as probiotics for the amelioration of obesity and other metabolic complications.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Kumari
- Molecular Microbiology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Miranda House, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Nirjara Singhvi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Gargi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Chinmayee Choudhury
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rashmi Shakya
- Department of Botany, Miranda House, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Khushboo, Singhvi N, Gupta V, Dhaka N, Dubey KK. Draft genome sequence of Streptomyces sp. KD18, isolated from industrial soil. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:34. [PMID: 36619820 PMCID: PMC9810780 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03453-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study scrutinizes the presence of Streptomyces strains in the soil sample collected from industrial area of Bahadurgarh (Haryana) India. The morphological approach manifested the isolated strain belong to Streptomyces species and named as Streptomyces sp. KD18. Sequencing of Streptomyces sp. KD18 genome was performed by Illumina Nextseq500 platform. 65 contigs were generated via SPAdes v3.11.1 and harboured genome size of 7.2 Mb. AntiSMASH server revealed the presence of 25 biosynthetic gene clusters in KD18 genome where BGC of lipstatin was of more interest from industrial and pharmaceutical purpose. The draft genome sequence represented via ANI values claimed that the KD18 strain belongs to Streptomyces toxytricini and finally named as S. toxytricini KD18. The LC-MS analysis of the extracted metabolite confirmed the production of lipstatin. The genome sequence data have been deposited to NCBI under the accession number of GCA_014748315.1. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03453-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031 India
| | - Nirjara Singhvi
- School of Allied Sciences, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007 India
| | - Vipin Gupta
- Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Integrated Regional Office, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001 India
| | - Namrata Dhaka
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031 India
| | - Kashyap Kumar Dubey
- Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
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Sood U, Dhingra GG, Anand S, Hira P, Kumar R, Kaur J, Verma M, Singhvi N, Lal S, Rawat CD, Singh VK, Kaur J, Verma H, Tripathi C, Singh P, Dua A, Saxena A, Phartyal R, Jayaraj P, Makhija S, Gupta R, Sahni S, Nayyar N, Abraham JS, Somasundaram S, Lata P, Solanki R, Mahato NK, Prakash O, Bala K, Kumari R, Toteja R, Kalia VC, Lal R. Microbial Journey: Mount Everest to Mars. Indian J Microbiol 2022; 62:323-337. [PMID: 35974919 PMCID: PMC9375815 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-022-01029-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A rigorous exploration of microbial diversity has revealed its presence on Earth, deep oceans, and vast space. The presence of microbial life in diverse environmental conditions, ranging from moderate to extreme temperature, pH, salinity, oxygen, radiations, and altitudes, has provided the necessary impetus to search for them by extending the limits of their habitats. Microbiology started as a distinct science in the mid-nineteenth century and has provided inputs for the betterment of mankind during the last 150 years. As beneficial microbes are assets and pathogens are detrimental, studying both have its own merits. Scientists are nowadays working on illustrating the microbial dynamics in Earth's subsurface, deep sea, and polar regions. In addition to studying the role of microbes in the environment, the microbe-host interactions in humans, animals and plants are also unearthing newer insights that can help us to improve the health of the host by modulating the microbiota. Microbes have the potential to remediate persistent organic pollutants. Antimicrobial resistance which is a serious concern can also be tackled only after monitoring the spread of resistant microbes using disciplines of genomics and metagenomics The cognizance of microbiology has reached the top of the world. Space Missions are now looking for signs of life on the planets (specifically Mars), the Moon and beyond them. Among the most potent pieces of evidence to support the existence of life is to look for microbial, plant, and animal fossils. There is also an urgent need to deliberate and communicate these findings to layman and policymakers that would help them to take an adequate decision for better health and the environment around us. Here, we present a glimpse of recent advancements by scientists from around the world, exploring and exploiting microbial diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utkarsh Sood
- The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Shailly Anand
- Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Princy Hira
- Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Roshan Kumar
- Post-Graduate Department of Zoology, Magadh University, Bodh Gaya, Bihar India
| | | | - Mansi Verma
- Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sukanya Lal
- Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Priya Singh
- Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankita Dua
- Shivaji College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjali Saxena
- Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Perumal Jayaraj
- Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Seema Makhija
- Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Renu Gupta
- Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Sumit Sahni
- Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Namita Nayyar
- Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Pushp Lata
- Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Renu Solanki
- Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitish Kumar Mahato
- University Department of Zoology, Kolhan University, Chaibasa, Jharkhand India
| | - Om Prakash
- National Centre for Cell Sciences, Pune, Maharashtra India
| | - Kiran Bala
- Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Rashmi Kumari
- College of Commerce, Arts and Science, Patliputra University, Patna, Bihar India
| | - Ravi Toteja
- Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | - Rup Lal
- The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, India
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12
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Lakra P, Verma H, Talwar C, Singh DN, Singhvi N, Lal R, Gupta V. Genome based reclassification of Deinococcus swuensis as a heterotypic synonym of Deinococcus radiopugnans. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 34236299 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Deinococcus species are widely studied due to their utility in bioremediation of sites contaminated with radioactive elements. In the present study, we re-evaluated the taxonomic placement of two species of the genus Deinococcus namely D. swuensis DY59T and D. radiopugnans ATCC 19172T based on whole genome analyses. The 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed a 99.58% sequence similarity between this species pair that is above the recommended threshold value for species delineation. These two species also clustered together in both the 16S rRNA gene and core genome based phylogenies depicting their close relatedness. Furthermore, more than 98% of genes were shared between D. swuensis DY59T and D. radiopugnans ATCC 19172T. Interestingly, D. swuensis DY59T and D. radiopugnans ATCC 19172T shared high genome similarity in different genomic indices. They displayed an average nucleotide identity value of 97.63%, an average amino acid identity value of 97% and a digital DNA-DNA hybridization value equal to 79.50%, all of which are well above the cut-off for species delineation. Altogether, based on these evidences, D. swuensis DY59T and D. radiopugnans ATCC 19172T constitute a single species. Hence, as per the priority of publication, we propose that Deinococcus swuensis Lee et al. 2015 should be reclassified as a later heterotypic synonym of Deinococcus radiopugnans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Lakra
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Helianthous Verma
- Molecular Biology and Genomics Research Laboratory, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Chandni Talwar
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | | | - Nirjara Singhvi
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Rup Lal
- The Energy and Resources Institute, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003, India
- Present address: 6C, India Habitat Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003, India & 101, GH-11, Sector 47, Gurugram, Haryana-122001, India
| | - Vipin Gupta
- PhiXGen Private Limited, Gurugram, Haryana-122001, India
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Dhingra GG, Saxena A, Nigam A, Hira P, Singhvi N, Anand S, Kaur J, Kaur J, Dua A, Negi V, Gupta V, Sood U, Kumar R, Lal S, Verma H, Verma M, Singh P, Rawat CD, Tripathi C, Talwar C, Nagar S, Mahato NK, Prakash O, Singh M, Kuhad RC, Singh Y, Lal B, Pabbi S, Singh N, Kalia VC, Lal R. Microbial World: Recent Developments in Health, Agriculture and Environmental Sciences: An Annual Conference Organized by Association of Microbiologists of India and Indian Network for Soil Contamination Research. Indian J Microbiol 2021; 61:111-115. [PMID: 33814643 PMCID: PMC8006636 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-021-00931-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anjali Saxena
- Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Aeshna Nigam
- Shivaji College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Princy Hira
- Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | - Shailly Anand
- Deen Dyal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Jasvinder Kaur
- Gargi College, Siri Fort Road, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | - Ankita Dua
- Shivaji College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Negi
- Sri Aurobindo College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Vipin Gupta
- Phixgen Pvt. Ltd, Noida, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Utkarsh Sood
- The Energy and Resources Institute, Delhi, India
| | - Roshan Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Magadh University, Bodh Gaya, Bihar, India
| | - Sukanya Lal
- Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | - Mansi Verma
- Sri Venketeshwara College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Priya Singh
- Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | - Charu Tripathi
- Department of Zoology, CMP College, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Chandni Talwar
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Shekhar Nagar
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | - Om Prakash
- National Centre for Cell Sciences, Pune, Maharashtra India
| | - Mona Singh
- Phixgen Pvt. Ltd, Noida, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - R C Kuhad
- Vice-Chancellor, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana India
| | - Yogendra Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Banwari Lal
- The Energy and Resources Institute, Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Pabbi
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Delhi, India
| | - Namita Singh
- Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana India
| | - V C Kalia
- Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Rup Lal
- The Energy and Resources Institute, Delhi, India
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Singhvi N, Singh P, Prakash O, Gupta V, Lal S, Bechthold A, Singh Y, Singh RK, Lal R. Differential mass spectrometry-based proteome analyses unveil major regulatory hubs in rifamycin B production in Amycolatopsis mediterranei. J Proteomics 2021; 239:104168. [PMID: 33662614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Rifamycin B is produced by Amycolatopsis mediterranei S699 as a secondary metabolite. Its semi-synthetic derivatives have been used for curing tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. But the emergence of rifampicin-resistant strains required analogs of rifamycin B to be developed by rifamycin biosynthetic gene cluster manipulation. In 2014 genetic engineering of the rifamycin polyketide synthase gene cluster in S699 led to a mutant, A. mediterranei DCO#34, that produced 24-desmethylrifamycin B. Unfortunately, the productivity was strongly reduced to 20 mgL-1 as compared to 50 mgL-1 of rifamycin B. To understand the mechanisms leading to reduced productivity and rifamycin biosynthesis by A. mediterranei S699 during the early and late growth phase we performed a proteome study for wild type strain S699, mutant DCO#34, and the non-producer strain SCO2-2. Proteins identification and relative label-free quantification were performed by nLC-MS/MS. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD016416. Also, in-silico protein-protein interaction approach was used to determine the relationship between different structural and regulatory proteins involved in rifamycin biosynthesis. Our studies revealed RifA, RifK, RifL, Rif-Orf19 as the major regulatory hubs. Relative abundance expression values revealed that genes encoding RifC-RifI and the transporter RifP, down-regulated in DCO#34 and genes encoding RifR, RifZ, other regulatory proteins up-regulated. SIGNIFICANCE: The study is designed mainly to understand the underlying mechanisms of rifamycin biosynthesis in Amycolatopsis mediterranei. This resulted in the identification of regulatory hubs which play a crucial role in regulating secondary metabolism. It elucidates the complex mechanism of secondary metabolite biosynthesis and their conversion and extracellular transportation in temporal correlation with the different growth phases. The study also elucidated the mechanisms leading to reduced production of analog, 24-desmethylrifamycin B by the genetically modified strain DCO#34, derivatives of which have been found effective against rifampicin-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These results can be useful while carrying out genetic manipulations to improve the strains of Amycolatopsis to produce better analogs/drugs and promote the eradication of TB. Thus, this study is contributing significantly to the growing knowledge in the field of the crucial drug, rifamycin B biosynthesis by an economically important bacterium Amycolatopsis mediterranei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirjara Singhvi
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Priya Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Om Prakash
- National Centre for Microbial Resource-National Centre for Cell Sciences, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Vipin Gupta
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Sukanya Lal
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Andreas Bechthold
- Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs University, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yogendra Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Singh
- Translational Science Laboratory, Florida State University, FL 32306, USA
| | - Rup Lal
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
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15
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Sunita, Singhvi N, Singh Y, Shukla P. Computational approaches in epitope design using DNA binding proteins as vaccine candidate in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infect Genet Evol 2020; 83:104357. [PMID: 32438080 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a successful pathogen in the history of mankind. A high rate of mortality and morbidity raises the need for vaccine development. Mechanism of pathogenesis, survival strategy and virulence determinant are needed to be explored well for this pathogen. The involvement of DNA binding proteins in the regulation of virulence genes, transcription, DNA replication, repair make them more significant. In present work, we have identified 1453 DNA binding proteins (DBPs) in the 4173 genes of Mtb through the DNABIND tool and they were subjected for further screening by incorporating different bioinformatics tools. The eighteen DBPs were selected for the B-cell epitope prediction by using ABCpred server. Moreover, the B-cell epitope bearing the antigenic and non- allergenic property were selected for T-cell epitope prediction using ProPredI, and ProPred server. Finally, DGIGSAVSV (Rv1088), IRALPSSRH (Rv3923c), LTISPIANS (Rv3235), VQPSGKGGL (Rv2871) VPRPGPRPG (Rv2731) and VGQKINPHG (Rv0707) were identified as T-cell epitopes. The structural modelling of these epitopes and DBPs was performed to ensure the localization of these epitopes on the respective proteins. The interaction studies of these epitopes with human HLA confirmed their validation to be used as potential vaccine candidates. Collectively, these results revealed that the DBPs- Rv2731, Rv3235, Rv1088, Rv0707, Rv3923c and Rv2871 are the most appropriate vaccine candidates. In our knowledge, it is the first report of using the DBPs of Mtb for epitope prediction. Significantly, this study also provides evidence to be useful for designing a peptide-based vaccine against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India; Bacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Nirjara Singhvi
- Bacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Yogendra Singh
- Bacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India.
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Biswas K, Tarafdar A, Kumar R, Singhvi N, Ghosh P, Sharma M, Pabbi S, Shukla P. Molecular Analysis of Disease-Responsive Genes Revealing the Resistance Potential Against Fusarium Wilt ( Fusarium udum Butler) Dependent on Genotype Variability in the Leguminous Crop Pigeonpea. Front Genet 2020; 11:862. [PMID: 32973868 PMCID: PMC7468401 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium wilt (FW), caused by Fusarium udum Butler (FU), is among the challenging factors in the production of pigeonpea. Therefore, exploring a superior pigeonpea genotype from landraces or local cultivars through the selection of innate resistance to FW using different biological and molecular approaches, and validating its resistance response, could be an alternative to sustainable crop improvement. Five distinct pigeonpea genotypes, with resistant (ICP2894) and susceptible (ICP2376) controls, were selected on the basis of the incidence percentage of FW, from three different states of India. Among them, the cultivar Richa, which displayed low incidence of FW (10.0%) during the genotype evaluation, was further examined for its innate resistance to FW. Molecular characterization of antioxidant (AO) enzyme [APX and SOD] and pathogenesis-related (PR) protein [CHS and β-1, 3-glucanase] families were performed. The obtained results of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-based expression study and in silico analysis showed a higher level of induction of PR and AO genes, and the strong interaction of their putative proteins with fungal cellobiohydrolase-c protein established their antifungal activity, conferring early plant defense responses to FU in Richa. Our study demonstrated a strong and combinatorial approach involving biological assay, molecular experiments, and in silico analysis to identify a superior pigeonpea genotype that was resistant to FW across a major biogeographic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Biswas
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan, India
| | - Avijit Tarafdar
- Legumes Pathology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, India
| | - Roshan Kumar
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Nirjara Singhvi
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Mamta Sharma
- Legumes Pathology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sunil Pabbi
- Centre for Conservation and Utilisation of Blue Green Algae, Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
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Kumar R, Verma H, Singhvi N, Sood U, Gupta V, Singh M, Kumari R, Hira P, Nagar S, Talwar C, Nayyar N, Anand S, Rawat CD, Verma M, Negi RK, Singh Y, Lal R. Comparative Genomic Analysis of Rapidly Evolving SARS-CoV-2 Reveals Mosaic Pattern of Phylogeographical Distribution. mSystems 2020; 5:e00505-20. [PMID: 32723797 PMCID: PMC7394360 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00505-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that started in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 has spread worldwide, emerging as a global pandemic. The severe respiratory pneumonia caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has so far claimed more than 0.38 million lives and has impacted human lives worldwide. However, as the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus displays high transmission rates, the underlying genomic severity is required to be fully understood. We studied the complete genomes of 95 SARS-CoV-2 strains from different geographical regions worldwide to uncover the pattern of the spread of the virus. We show that there is no direct transmission pattern of the virus among neighboring countries, suggesting that its spread is a result of travel of infected humans to different countries. We revealed unique single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in nonstructural protein 13 (nsp13), nsp14, nsp15, and nsp16 (ORF1b polyproteins) and in the S-protein within 10 viral isolates from the United States. These viral proteins are involved in RNA replication and binding with the human receptors, indicating that the viral variants that are circulating in the population of the United States are different from those circulating in the populations of other countries. In addition, we found an amino acid addition in nsp16 (mRNA cap-1 methyltransferase) of a U.S. isolate (GenBank accession no. MT188341.1) leading to a shift in the amino acid frame from position 2540 onward. Through comparative structural analysis of the wild-type and mutant proteins, we showed that this addition of a phenylalanine residue renders the protein in the mutant less stable, which might affect mRNA cap-1 methyltransferase function. We further analyzed the SARS-CoV-2-human interactome, which revealed that the interferon signaling pathway is targeted by orf1ab during infection and that it also interacts with NF-κB-repressing factor (NKRF), which is a potential regulator of interleukin-8 (IL-8). We propose that targeting this interaction may subsequently improve the health condition of COVID-19 patients. Our analysis also emphasized that SARS-CoV-2 manipulates spliceosome machinery during infection; hence, targeting splicing might affect viral replication. In conclusion, the replicative machinery of SARS-CoV-2 is targeting interferon and the notch signaling pathway along with spliceosome machinery to evade host challenges.IMPORTANCE The COVID-19 pandemic continues to storm the world, with over 6.5 million cases worldwide. The severity of the disease varies with the territories and is mainly influenced by population density and age factor. In this study, we analyzed the transmission pattern of 95 SARS-CoV-2 genomes isolated from 11 different countries. Our study also revealed several nonsynonymous mutations in ORF1b and S-proteins and the impact on their structural stability. Our analysis showed the manipulation of host system by viral proteins through SARS-CoV-2-human protein interactome, which can be useful to understand the impact of virus on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Kumar
- P.G. Department of Zoology, Magadh University, Bodh Gaya, Bihar, India
| | - Helianthous Verma
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | - Utkarsh Sood
- The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Vipin Gupta
- PhiXGen Private Limited, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Mona Singh
- PhiXGen Private Limited, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Rashmi Kumari
- Department of Zoology, College of Commerce, Arts & Science, Patliputra University, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Princy Hira
- Department of Zoology, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Shekhar Nagar
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Chandni Talwar
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Namita Nayyar
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Shailly Anand
- Department of Zoology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Charu Dogra Rawat
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Mansi Verma
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Yogendra Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Rup Lal
- The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, India
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18
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Singhvi N, Gupta V, Singh P, Prakash O, Bechthold A, Singh Y, Lal R. Prediction of Transcription Factors and Their Involvement in Regulating Rifamycin Production in Amycolatopsis mediterranei S699. Indian J Microbiol 2020; 60:310-317. [PMID: 32655198 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-020-00868-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amycolatopsis mediterranei S699 produces rifamycin B and successors of this strain are in use for the industrial production of rifamycin B. Semisynthetic derivatives of rifamycin B are used against Mycobacterium tuberculosis that causes tuberculosis. Although the rifamycin biosynthetic gene cluster was characterized two decades ago, the regulation of rifamycin B biosynthesis in Amycolatopsis mediterranei S699 is poorly understood. In this study, we analysed the genome and proteome of Amycolatopsis mediterranei S699 and identified 1102 transcription factors which comprise about 10% of the total genome. Using interactomics approaches we delineated 30 unique transcription factors directly involved in secondary metabolism that regulate rifamycin B biosynthesis. We also predict the role of RifN as hub in controlling the regulation of other genes involved in rifamycin biosynthesis. RifN is important for maintaining the integrity of the rifamycin-network. Thus, these transcription factor can be exploited to improve rifamycin B production in Amycolatopsis mediterranei S699.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirjara Singhvi
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Vipin Gupta
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Priya Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India.,Present Address: Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110019 India
| | - Om Prakash
- National Centre for Cell Sciences, Pune, Maharashtra 411007 India
| | - Andreas Bechthold
- Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs University, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yogendra Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Rup Lal
- The Energy and Resources Institute, Darbari Seth Block, IHC Complex, New Delhi, 110033 India
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Gupta V, Kumar R, Sood U, Singhvi N. Reconciling Hygiene and Cleanliness: A New Perspective from Human Microbiome. Indian J Microbiol 2020; 60:37-44. [PMID: 32089572 PMCID: PMC7000587 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-019-00839-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The term hygiene is deeply rooted with the concept of maintaining sound health and alertness towards cleanliness, while "hygiene hypothesis" depicts the protective role of microbial community exposure in development of early immunity and initial allergic and aesthetic reactions. The tug-of-war has now been pushed toward the literal term "hygiene" over the "hygiene hypothesis" and has continued with disinfection of all microbial loads from the related environments to avoid infections in humans. With the advancement in the microbiome studies, it became clear that humans possess warm, and significant relationships with diverse microbial community. With this opinion article, we have emphasized on the importance of hygiene hypothesis in immunological responses. We also propose the individual/targeted hygiene instead of application of unanimous hygiene hypothesis. This review also elaborates the common practices that should be employed to maintain hygiene along with the balanced microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Gupta
- PhiXGen Private Limited, Gurugram, Haryana 122001 India
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, Delhi 110007 India
| | - Roshan Kumar
- P.G. Department of Zoology, Magadh University, Bodh-Gaya, Bihar 824231 India
| | - Utkarsh Sood
- The Energy and Resources Institute, Darbari Seth Block, IHC Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, 110003 India
| | - Nirjara Singhvi
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, Delhi 110007 India
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Singhvi N, Gupta V, Gaur M, Sharma V, Puri A, Singh Y, Dubey GP, Lal R. Interplay of Human Gut Microbiome in Health and Wellness. Indian J Microbiol 2020; 60:26-36. [PMID: 32089571 PMCID: PMC7000599 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-019-00825-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome analysis, with specific interest on their direct impact towards the human health, is currently revolutionizing the unexplored frontiers of the pathogenesis and wellness. Although in-depth investigations of gut microbiome, 'the Black Boxes', complexities and functionalities are yet at its infancy, profound evidences are being reported for their concurrent involvement in disease etiology and its treatment. Interestingly, studies from the 'minimal murine' (Oligo-MM12), 'humanized' microbiota gnotobiotic mice models and patient samples, combined with multi-omics and cell biology approaches, have been revealing the implications of these findings in the treatment of gut dysbiosis associated diseases. Nonetheless, due to the inherent heterogeneity of the gut commensals and their unified co-existence with opportunistic pathobionts, it is utmost essential to highlight their functionalities in 'good or bad' gut in human wellness. We have specifically reviewed dietary lifestyle and infectious diseases linked with the gut bacterial consortia to delineate the ecobiotic approaches towards their treatment. This notably includes gut mucosal immunity mediated diseases such as Tuberculosis, IBD, CDI, Type 2 Diabetes, etc. Alongside of each dysbiosis, we have described the current therapeutic advancements of the pre- and probiotics derived from human microbiome studies to restore gut microbial homeostasis. With a continuous running debate on the role of microbiota in above mentioned diseases, we have collected numerous scientific evidences highlighting a previously unanticipated complex involvement of gut microbiome in the potential of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirjara Singhvi
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Vipin Gupta
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Mohita Gaur
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Vishal Sharma
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Akshita Puri
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Yogendra Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Gyanendra P. Dubey
- Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Rup Lal
- The Energy and Resources Institute, Darbari Seth Block, IHC Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, 110003 India
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21
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Mahato NK, Gupta V, Singh P, Kumari R, Verma H, Tripathi C, Rani P, Sharma A, Singhvi N, Sood U, Hira P, Kohli P, Nayyar N, Puri A, Bajaj A, Kumar R, Negi V, Talwar C, Khurana H, Nagar S, Sharma M, Mishra H, Singh AK, Dhingra G, Negi RK, Shakarad M, Singh Y, Lal R. Microbial taxonomy in the era of OMICS: application of DNA sequences, computational tools and techniques. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2017; 110:1357-1371. [PMID: 28831610 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-017-0928-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The current prokaryotic taxonomy classifies phenotypically and genotypically diverse microorganisms using a polyphasic approach. With advances in the next-generation sequencing technologies and computational tools for analysis of genomes, the traditional polyphasic method is complemented with genomic data to delineate and classify bacterial genera and species as an alternative to cumbersome and error-prone laboratory tests. This review discusses the applications of sequence-based tools and techniques for bacterial classification and provides a scheme for more robust and reproducible bacterial classification based on genomic data. The present review highlights promising tools and techniques such as ortho-Average Nucleotide Identity, Genome to Genome Distance Calculator and Multi Locus Sequence Analysis, which can be validly employed for characterizing novel microorganisms and assessing phylogenetic relationships. In addition, the review discusses the possibility of employing metagenomic data to assess the phylogenetic associations of uncultured microorganisms. Through this article, we present a review of genomic approaches that can be included in the scheme of taxonomy of bacteria and archaea based on computational and in silico advances to boost the credibility of taxonomic classification in this genomic era.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vipin Gupta
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Priya Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Rashmi Kumari
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | | | - Charu Tripathi
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Pooja Rani
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Anukriti Sharma
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Nirjara Singhvi
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Utkarsh Sood
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Princy Hira
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Puneet Kohli
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Namita Nayyar
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Akshita Puri
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Abhay Bajaj
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Roshan Kumar
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Vivek Negi
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Chandni Talwar
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Himani Khurana
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Shekhar Nagar
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Monika Sharma
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Harshita Mishra
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Gauri Dhingra
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Ram Krishan Negi
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | | | - Yogendra Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Rup Lal
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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