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Ellison MA, Gorman AJ, Brown O, Mullineaux DR, Mulloy F. Head-torso coordination in police officers wearing loaded tactical vests during running. Gait Posture 2024; 107:28-34. [PMID: 37729768 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of load carriage in operational police officers is not well understood despite a relatively high injury rate. Assessing load related changes in head and torso coordination may provide valuable insight into plausible injury mechanisms. RESEARCH QUESTION Do typical police tactical vest loads alter head and torso coordination during running? METHODS Thirty-eight UK police officers ran at a self-selected pace (>2 ms-1) on a non-motorised treadmill in four vest load conditions (unloaded, and low, high and evenly distributed loads). Peak head and torso tilt, and peak vest displacement were compared between all four conditions. Timings between vest and torso change of direction were compared between the three loaded conditions. The coupling angle between the head and torso calculated using modified vector coding were compared between unloaded and each loaded conditions using Statistical Parametric Mapping. RESULTS No significant differences were found between conditions for peak head or torso tilt alone (p > 0.05). Loading equipment low on the vest led to significantly greater mediolateral vest displacements (38 mm) away from the torso than a high (34 mm) or evenly distributed (30 mm) conditions. The vest was found to change direction vertically before the torso in the anterior-posterior direction, and then influence torso motion. The loaded conditions changed the head-torso coupling from in-phase (with head-dominancy) to anti-phase (with torso dominancy) between 55% and 77% stance. Anti-phase with a relatively stationary head and the torso rotating forward likely places a greater concentric demand on the posterior neck muscles relative to unloaded running. SIGNIFICANCE Current tactical vest designs allow significant extra displacement of load away from the body during running, altering coordination at the head and torso.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Ellison
- Department of Public Health and Sports Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
| | - A J Gorman
- School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
| | - O Brown
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | | | - F Mulloy
- School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
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2
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Tumwebaze J, Molnar JJ, Thornton K, Brown O. Effectiveness of Home Gardening in Improving Food Security and Health in Chacraseca, Nicaragua: A Pilot Study. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2023. [DOI: 10.1353/hpu.2023.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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3
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Langley T, Leonardi-Bee J, Barker A, Brown O, Murray R. The effect of alcohol marketing on people with, or at risk of, an alcohol problem: A rapid review. Eur J Public Health 2022; 32:ckac131.327. [PMCID: PMC9832696 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac131.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about the impact of alcohol marketing on people with, or at risk of, an alcohol problem. A rapid review of primary studies was conducted with the aim of exploring the effect of alcohol marketing in this population. Methods People with, or at risk of an alcohol problem were defined as people with an alcohol use disorder, in recovery from an alcohol use disorder, and hazardous and harmful drinkers. Searches for relevant literature were conducted through Medline, EMBASE and PsychINFO; reference list scanning and citation tracking of included studies; and grey literature searching of relevant websites. A narrative synthesis of included studies was undertaken. Results The review included 11 studies, which focused on participants recovering from an alcohol use disorder (AUD, 6 studies) and those with hazardous or harmful consumption levels of alcohol (5 studies). 7 studies were quantitative and 4 were qualitative. The effect of alcohol advertising on alcohol use was only assessed in one small experimental study of young adult heavy drinkers, which found no apparent effect. Studies looking at other outcomes suggested that a significant proportion of people with or at risk of alcohol problems notice alcohol advertisements and can find them appealing, and that advertisements may have an effect on positive alcohol-related emotions and cognitions. Among people in recovery from an alcohol use disorder, findings suggested that there could be an effect on craving, and that alcohol marketing may be perceived to trigger a desire to drink. Conclusions Several studies report effects of alcohol marketing which may translate into effects on consumption. There is also evidence that alcohol marketing is perceived to act as a trigger by people in recovery from alcohol problems. Further longitudinal and experimental research is needed to determine whether alcohol marketing has a causal effect on alcohol use in this population. Key messages • The findings of the studies included in the review suggest that an effect of alcohol marketing in people with, or at risk of, an alcohol problem is likely. • The impact of alcohol marketing on people with or at risk of an alcohol problem should be a concern for marketing regulators and a focus for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Langley
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - J Leonardi-Bee
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - A Barker
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - O Brown
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - R Murray
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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4
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Hickey A, Brown O, Powers A. Development of Alabama Campus Coalition for Basic Needs: An Innovative Approach to Address College Student Food Insecurity. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.06.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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5
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Hickey A, Brown O, Fiagbor R. Campus-based Interventions and Strategies to Address College Students with Food Insecurity: A Systematic Review. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2022.2101413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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6
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Tumwebaze J, Molnar JJ, Thornton K, Brown O. Effectiveness of Home Gardening in Improving Food Security and Health in Chacraseca, Nicaragua: A Pilot Study. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2022; 33:842-856. [DOI: 10.1353/hpu.2022.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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7
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Warner K, Brown O, Bretschneider C. The impact of subspecialty training on outcomes following surgery for pelvic organ prolapse – a NSQIP-based study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.12.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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8
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Brown O, Hu L, Demetriou C, Smith T, Hing C. 93 The Effects of Kinesiophobia on Outcome following Total Knee Replacement: A Systematic Review. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Kinesiophobia, the fear of physical movement and activity related to injury vulnerability, has been linked to sub-optimal outcomes following total knee replacement (TKR). This systematic review has two aims: to define the relationship between kinesiophobia and functional outcomes, pain and range of motion following TKR, and to evaluate published treatments for kinesiophobia following TKR.
Method
A primary search was performed in March 2020. English-language studies recruiting adult primary TKR patients, using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) were included. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale for cohort or case control studies, and the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool for randomised controlled trials.
Results
All thirteen included papers (82 identified) showed adequately low risk of methodological bias. TSK1 (activity avoidance) correlated with WOMAC functional score at 12 months in three studies (r = 0.20 p < 0.05, R = 0.317 p = 0.001, and correlation coefficient 0.197 p = 0.005). TSK score significantly correlated with mean active range of motion (ROM) at six months (105.33 (SD = 12.34) vs 85.53 (SD = 14.77) p = 0.000) post-operation. Three post-operative interventions improved TSK score vs control following TKR: a home-based functional exercise programme (TSK -14.30 (SD = 0.80) vs -2.10 (SD = 0.80) p < 0.001)), an outpatient CBT programme (TSK 27.76 (SD = 4.56) vs 36.54 (SD = 3.58), and video-based psychological treatment (TSK 24 (SD = 5) vs 29 (SD = 5) p < 0.01).
Conclusions
Kinesiophobia negatively affects functional outcomes up until one year post-operatively, while active ROM is reduced up to six months post procedure. Post-operative functional and psychological interventions can improve kinesiophobia following TKR.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Brown
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - L Hu
- Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Demetriou
- Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Smith
- University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - C Hing
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Brown O, Gaukroger A, Raza M, Sturley R, Arnander M. 108 Neck of Femur Fractures: Streamlined Approach to Improve Consenting Practices. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Neck of femur fractures (NOFs) are synonymous with frailty, and successful outcomes are achieved with operative fixation. The United Kingdom’s General Medical Council guidance governing consent highlights the importance of thorough pre-operative discussion of risk with the patient. We aimed to audit consenting practices in NOF patients within our unit against the British Orthopaedic Association’s (BOA) criteria, with the addition of delirium as a risk factor.
Method
In cycle one all operatively managed NOFs over a two-month period in October-November 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Consent forms 1 (CF1) and 4 (CF4) were assessed against BOA-endorsed criteria. Our intervention included a standardised sticker detailing 14 important risks was introduced and a departmental seminar on delirium. A second cycle was undertaken from August-October 2020 to close the audit loop
Results
No consent form documented all BOA-approved risk factors in cycle one (N = 35). Of cycle two’s 35 patients, 70.8% CF1 were completed using the novel sticker. All of these had 100% BOA-approved risk documentation. Consent forms without the sticker in cycle two documented 9/14 risks (mean value). No CF4 had any risks documented in either cycle. Delirium was documented in 51% in total and in 75% patients with CF1. Delirium documentation improved from 2.9% in cycle one to 51.4% in cycle two.
Conclusions
Clear lapses in operative consenting processes were identified, especially regarding delirium and CF4 documentation. The introduction of a novel consent sticker drastically improved compliance with BOA guidance for CF1. Recognition and departmental education regarding delirium significantly reduced incidence between cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Brown
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Gaukroger
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Raza
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - R Sturley
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Arnander
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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10
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Brown O, Smith T, Gaukroger A, Tsinaslanidis P, Hing C. 92 Increased Proportion of Alcohol-Related Trauma in A South London Major Trauma Centre During Lockdown, A Cohort Study. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab258.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Alcohol has been associated with 10-35% trauma admissions and 40% trauma-related deaths globally. In response to the Covid-19 pandemic, the United Kingdom (UK) entered a state of ‘lockdown’ on 23rd March 2020. Restrictions were most significantly eased on 1st June 2020, when shops and schools re-opened. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of lockdown on alcohol-related trauma admissions.
Method
All adult patients admitted as ‘trauma calls’ to a London Major Trauma Centre (MTC) during April 2018 and April 2019 (pre-lockdown; N = 316), and 1st April – 31st May 2020 (lockdown; N = 191) had electronic patient records analysed. Patients’ blood alcohol level and records of intoxication were used to identify alcohol-related trauma. Trauma admissions from pre- and post-lockdown cohorts were compared using multiple regression analyses.
Results
Alcohol-related trauma was present in a significantly higher proportion of adult trauma calls during lockdown (lockdown 60/191 (31.4%), versus pre-lockdown 62/316 (19.6%); (Odds Ratio (OR) 0.83, 95% CI 0.38 to 1.28, p < 0.001). Lockdown was also associated with increased weekend admissions of trauma (lockdown 125/191 weekend (65.5%) vs pre-lockdown 179/316 (56.7%); OR -0.40, 95% CI -0.79 to -0.02, p = 0.041). No significant difference existed in the age, gender, or mechanism between pre-lockdown and lockdown cohorts (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
UK lockdown was independently associated with an increased proportion of alcohol-related trauma. Trauma admissions were increased during the weekend when staffing levels are reduced. With the possibility of subsequent global ‘waves’ of Covid-19, the risk of long-term repercussions of dangerous alcohol-related behaviour to public health must be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Brown
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Smith
- University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - A Gaukroger
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Tsinaslanidis
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Hing
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Brown O, Mou T, Lim S, Jones S, Kwasny M, Mueller M, Kenton K. 05 Do letters of recommendations for obstetrics and gynecology residency applicants differ by gender and race? a mixed-methods study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Ringel N, Brown O, Moore K, Carey E, Dieter A. 07 Racial and ethnic disparities in complications after apical support and sling procedures- national trends over time: A secondary analysis of the national surgical quality improvement program database. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Mou T, Brown O, Das D, Lewicky-Gaupp C, Kenton K, Bretschneider C. 20 Safety of abdominoplasty with concomitant hysterectomy: Do routes matter? Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Das D, Brown O, Mou T, Bretschneider C, Kenton K, Geynisman-Tan J. 23 Repeat minimally invasive abdominal sacrocolpopexy for recurrent prolapse. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.04.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Brown O, Mou T, Das D, Collins S, Kenton K, Bretschneider C. 19 Perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy with or without hysterectomy: A secondary analysis of the national surgical quality improvement program (NSQIP) database. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Gani A, Green S, Bailey M, Brown O, Hing C. 918 COVID-19: A Detailed Analysis on Fit-Testing for Respiratory Protective Equipment in the UK. Br J Surg 2021. [PMCID: PMC8135926 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
There is limited data in the literature regarding the adequacy of generic FFP3 masks and their facial fit to ensure adequate protection. Mask fit-testing is therefore essential to protect healthcare workers.
Method
Using the Freedom of Information Act, 137 acute NHS trusts in the UK were approached on the 26/3/2020 by an independent researcher to provide data on the outcome of fit testing at each site.
Results
85 Trusts responded to the FOI with 51 trusts providing pertinent data relevant to the FOI request. There was a total of 72 mask types used across 51 trusts. The commonest of which was the FFP3M1863 (used by 47/51 trusts, 92.16%). A positive correlation was found between staff members and number of mask types used (r = 0.75, P = <0.05).
Overall fit-testing pass rates were provided by 32 trusts. The mean percentage pass rate was 80.74%.
Gender specific failure rates were provided by seven trusts. 4386 males underwent fit-testing in comparison to 16305 females. Across all seven trusts 20.08% of men tested failed the fit-test while only 19.89% of women failed the fit-test.
Conclusions
Our results may be utilised in choosing respirators for fit testing programme in healthcare-workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gani
- St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Green
- St Georges University, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Bailey
- Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke, United Kingdom
| | - O Brown
- St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Hing
- St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Brown O, Crisp T, Flatman M, Hing C. 186 Acute Kidney Injury in Skeletal Trauma Admissions to Intensive Care: An Under-Estimated Complication. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with prolonged admission and 3.5 times increased mortality for trauma patients requiring intensive care (ICU) treatment. Blunt trauma confers greater risk of AKI than penetrating trauma, potentially related to long bone fracture. The relationship between skeletal trauma and AKI in ICU has not previously been investigated.
Method
Retrospective data was analysed from 202 consecutive adult patients admitted to ICU with skeletal trauma from 01/06/2018 to 01/06/2019. AKI was defined by creatinine rise >1.5 times baseline.
Results
AKI was found in 70/202 (34.65%) patients aged 16-99 years, 138 males and 64 females. Mean limb Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) was significantly higher in AKI (AIS= 2.57 (SD 0.53) versus non-AKI AIS=2.38 (SD 0.61), p = 0.027). Other body regions and total Injury Severity Score (ISS) were non-significant.
AKI was associated with a significantly worse Glasgow Outcome Score (AKI 3.28 (SD 1.52) versus 4.02 (SD 1.08) p < 0.001), increased intensive care stay (AKI 7.03 (SD 8.30) days versus non-AKI 3.8 (SD 4.1) days p < 0.001) and increased 30-day mortality (AKI 18/70 (25.71%) versus non-AKI 10/132 (7.58%) p < 0.001)
Conclusions
Skeletal trauma patients have a high incidence of AKI, which was significantly correlated with severity of skeletal limb trauma but not overall ISS.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Brown
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Crisp
- Western Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Chichester, United Kingdom
| | - M Flatman
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Hing
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Green S, Gani A, Bailey M, Brown O, Hing CB. Fit-testing of respiratory protective equipment in the UK during the initial response to the COVID-19 pandemic. J Hosp Infect 2021; 113:180-186. [PMID: 33940089 PMCID: PMC8087583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2021.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Public Health England guidance stipulates the use of filtering facepiece (FFP3) masks for healthcare workers engaged in aerosol-generating procedures. Mask fit-testing of respiratory protective equipment is essential to protect healthcare workers from aerosolized particles. Aim To analyse the outcome of mask fit-testing across National Health Service (NHS) hospitals in the UK during the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods Using the Freedom of Information Act, 137 NHS hospitals were approached on May 26th, 2020 by an independent researcher to provide data on the outcome of fit-testing at each site. Findings Ninety-six hospitals responded to the request between May 26th, 2020 to October 29th, 2020. There was a total of 86 mask types used across 56 hospitals, 13 of which were used in at least 10% of these hospitals; the most frequently used was the FFP3M1863, used by 92.86% of hospitals. Overall fit-testing pass rates were provided by 32 hospitals with mean pass rate of 80.74%. The most successful masks, in terms of fit-test failure rates, were the Alpha Solway 3030V and the Alpha Solway S–3V (both reporting mean fit-test failures of 2%). Male- and female-specific pass and failure rates were provided by seven hospitals. Across the seven hospitals, 20.1% of men tested failed the fit-test for all masks used, whereas 19.9% of women tested failed the fit-test for all masks used. Failure rates were significantly higher in staff from Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic (BAME) backgrounds 644/2507 (25.69%) across four hospitals. Conclusion Twenty percent of healthcare workers tested during the first response to the pandemic failed fit-testing for masks. A small sample revealed that this was most prominent in staff from BAME backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Green
- St George's University, London, UK
| | - A Gani
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Bailey
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Hospital, Basingstoke, UK
| | - O Brown
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Hospital, London, UK
| | - C B Hing
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Hospital, London, UK.
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Meena GG, Wall TA, Stott MA, Brown O, Robison R, Hawkins AR, Schmidt H. 7X multiplexed, optofluidic detection of nucleic acids for antibiotic-resistance bacterial screening. Opt Express 2020; 28:33019-33027. [PMID: 33114971 PMCID: PMC7679188 DOI: 10.1364/oe.402311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate diagnosis of bacterial infections resistant to multiple antibiotics requires development of new bio-sensors for differentiated detection of multiple targets. This work demonstrates 7x multiplexed detection for antibiotic-resistance bacterial screening on an optofluidic platform. We utilize spectrally multiplexed multi-spot excitation for simultaneous detection of nucleic acid strands corresponding to bacterial targets and resistance genes. This is enabled by multi-mode interference (MMI) waveguides integrated in an optofluidic device. We employ a combinatorial three-color labeling scheme for the nucleic acid assays to scale up their multiplexing capability to seven different nucleic acids, representing three species and four resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. G. Meena
- School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - T. A. Wall
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - M. A. Stott
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - O. Brown
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - R. Robison
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - A. R. Hawkins
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - H. Schmidt
- School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
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20
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Colby S, Zhou W, Allison C, Mathews AE, Olfert MD, Morrell JS, Byrd-Bredbenner C, Greene G, Brown O, Kattelmann K, Shelnutt K. Development and Validation of the Short Healthy Eating Index Survey with a College Population to Assess Dietary Quality and Intake. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092611. [PMID: 32867172 PMCID: PMC7551037 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Because diet quality (DQ) is associated with risk of chronic disease and is a common construct assessed in health-related research, validated tools to assess DQ are needed that have low respondent and researcher burden. Thus, content experts develop the Short Healthy Eating Index (sHEI) tool and an associated scoring system. The sHEI scoring system was then refined using a classification and regression tree (CRT) algorithm methodology with an iterative feedback process with expert review and input. The sHEI scoring system was then validated using a concurrent criterion validation process that included the sHEI DQ scores (calculated from responses from 50 participants) being compared to the participants' Healthy Eating Index scores derived from 24 h recalls. The total HEI score from the CRT algorithm highly correlated with the 24 h recall HEI score (0.79). For individual food group items, the correlation between the CRT algorithm scoring and the 24 h recall data scoring ranged from 0.44 for refined grains to 0.64 for whole fruits. The sHEI appears to be a valid tool for estimating overall dietary quality and individual items (with correlations > 0.49) for fruits, vegetables, dairy, added sugar, sugar from sugar-sweetened beverages, and calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Colby
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Department of Business Analytics and Statistics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Chelsea Allison
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;
| | - Anne E. Mathews
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Melissa D. Olfert
- Department of Human Nutrition and Foods, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
| | - Jesse Stabile Morrell
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA;
| | - Carol Byrd-Bredbenner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8554, USA;
| | - Geoffrey Greene
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;
| | - Onikia Brown
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA;
| | - Kendra Kattelmann
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA;
| | - Karla Shelnutt
- Department of Family, Youth, and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
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Brown O, Dave B, Geynisman J, Warner K, Gillingham A, Kenton K, Mueller M, Collins S, Lewicky-Gaupp C. 12: Vaginal electrical stimulation for postpartum neuromuscular recovery: The VESPR study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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McNamara J, Olfert MD, Sowers M, Colby S, White A, Byrd-Bredbenner C, Kattelmann K, Franzen-Castle LD, Brown O, Kidd T, Shelnutt KP, Horacek T, Greene GW. Development of an Instrument Measuring Perceived Environmental Healthfulness: Behavior Environment Perception Survey (BEPS). J Nutr Educ Behav 2020; 52:152-161. [PMID: 31648882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To create a tool to measure college students' perception of the healthfulness of their environment. DESIGN (1) Item generation, (2) cognitive interview testing and exploratory factor analysis, (3) item refinement/modification, (4) factor structure validation, and (5) criterion validation. SETTING Ten college campuses. PARTICIPANTS Time point 1 (n = 120 cognitive interviews; n = 922 factor analysis); time point 2 (n = 2,676), convenience sample of undergraduate students. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cognitive interviews and survey data were used to assess perceptions about the environment. ANALYSIS Exploratory factor analysis, structural equation confirmatory factor analysis, correlations, and regressions. RESULTS Item generation resulted in 93 items. Items were eliminated based on cognitive interviews, exploratory factor analysis of pilot data, and elimination of cross-loading or weak loading items. In confirmatory analyses, a 21-item, 5-factor structure was the best fit for the data (χ2 = 3,286.77, degrees of freedom = 189; comparative fit index = 0.840; root-mean-square error of approximation = 0.078). Environmental factors include physical activity (α = 0.68, 4 items), healthful eating (α = 0.86, 5 items), mental health (α = 0.85, 5 items), barriers to healthful eating (α = 0.70, 4 items), and peer influences (α = 0.73, 3 items). There were significant associations between scales and validation criteria (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The Behavior Environment Perception Survey is a novel instrument measuring perceptions of the healthfulness of the campus environment. Strengths include a development process involving 10 different universities, strong psychometric properties, and breadth of constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade McNamara
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, ME
| | - Melissa D Olfert
- Department of Human Nutrition and Foods, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - Morgan Sowers
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
| | - Sarah Colby
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
| | - Adrienne White
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, ME
| | - Carol Byrd-Bredbenner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Kendra Kattelmann
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD
| | - Lisa D Franzen-Castle
- Nutrition and Health Sciences Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
| | - Onikia Brown
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL
| | - Tandalayo Kidd
- Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics, and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | - Karla P Shelnutt
- Department of Family, Youth, and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Tanya Horacek
- Department of Public Health, Food Studies, and Nutrition, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY
| | - Geoffrey W Greene
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI.
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Horacek TM, Dede Yildirim E, Simon M, Byrd Bredbenner C, White AA, Shelnutt KP, Olfert MD, Morrell J, Mathews A, Kidd T, Kattelmann K, Franzen-Castle L, Colby S, Brown O. Development and validation of the Full Restaurant Evaluation Supporting a Healthy (FRESH) Dining Environment Audit. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2018.1434103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanya M. Horacek
- Department of Public Health, Food Studies, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Elif Dede Yildirim
- Department of Child and Family Studies, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Marlei Simon
- Department of Public Health, Food Studies, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | | | - Adrienne A. White
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Karla P. Shelnutt
- Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Melissa D. Olfert
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Design, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jesse Morrell
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Anne Mathews
- Family Nutrition Program and EFNEP, Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tandalayo Kidd
- Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Kendra Kattelmann
- Health and Nutritional Sciences Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Lisa Franzen-Castle
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Sarah Colby
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Onikia Brown
- Alabama Cooperative Extension System, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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Gillingham A, Geynisman J, Brown O, Kenton K, Collins S, Lewicky-Gaupp C, Reynolds M, Mueller M. 54: Pediatric vaginoplasty with extracellular matrix graft augmentation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.01.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Brown O, Geynisman-Tan J, Gillingham A, Collins S, Lewicky-Gaupp C, Kenton K, Mueller M. 68: Surgical site infection after laparoscopic hysterectomy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.01.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Brown O, Goliath V, Van Rooyen RM, Aldous C, Marais LC. Communicating about prognosis with regard to osteosarcoma in a South African cross-cultural clinical setting: strategies and challenges. SA orthop j 2019. [DOI: 10.17159/2309-8309/2019/v18n4a6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Sowers MF, Colby S, Greene GW, Pickett M, Franzen-Castle L, Olfert MD, Shelnutt K, Brown O, Horacek TM, Kidd T, Kattelmann KK, White AA, Zhou W, Riggsbee K, Yan W, Byrd-Bredbenner C. Survey Development to Assess College Students' Perceptions of the Campus Environment. Am J Health Behav 2017; 41:701-709. [PMID: 29025498 DOI: 10.5993/ajhb.41.6.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We developed and tested a College Environmental Perceptions Survey (CEPS) to assess college students' perceptions of the healthfulness of their campus. METHODS CEPS was developed in 3 stages: questionnaire development, validity testing, and reliability testing. Questionnaire development was based on an extensive literature review and input from an expert panel to establish content validity. Face validity was established with the target population using cognitive interviews with 100 college students. Concurrent-criterion validity was established with in-depth interviews (N = 30) of college students compared to surveys completed by the same 30 students. Surveys completed by college students from 8 universities (N = 1147) were used to test internal structure (factor analysis) and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha). RESULTS After development and testing, 15 items remained from the original 48 items. A 5-factor solution emerged: physical activity (4 items, α = .635), water (3 items, α = .773), vending (2 items, α = .680), healthy food (2 items, α = .631), and policy (2 items, α = .573). The mean total score for all universities was 62.71 (±11.16) on a 100-point scale. CONCLUSION CEPS appears to be a valid and reliable tool for assessing college students' perceptions of their health-related campus environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan F. Sowers
- Graduate Research Assistant, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Nutrition, Knoxville, TN
| | - Sarah Colby
- Associate Professor, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Nutrition, Knoxville, TN;,
| | - Geoffrey W. Greene
- Professor, University of Rhode Island, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Kingston, RI
| | | | - Lisa Franzen-Castle
- Associate Professor, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Nutrition and Health Sciences Department, Lincoln, NE
| | - Melissa D. Olfert
- Associate Professor, West Virginia University, Department of Human Nutrition and Foods, Morgantown, WV
| | - Karla Shelnutt
- Associate Professor, University of Florida, Department of Family, Youth, and Community Science, Gainesville, FL
| | - Onikia Brown
- Assistant Professor, Auburn University, Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn, AL
| | - Tanya M. Horacek
- Professor, Syracuse University, Department of Nutrition Science and Dietetics, Syracuse, NY
| | - Tandalayo Kidd
- Associate Professor, Kansas State University, Department of Food, Nutrition, and Dietetics, Manhattan, KS
| | - Kendra K. Kattelmann
- Professor, South Dakota State University, Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Brookings, SD
| | - Adrienne A. White
- Professor, University of Maine, School of Food and Agriculture, Orono, ME
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Assistant Professor, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Business Analytics and Statistics, Knoxville, TN
| | - Kristin Riggsbee
- Graduate Research Assistant, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Nutrition, Knoxville, TN
| | - Wangcheng Yan
- Graduate Research Assistant, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Business Analytics and Statistics, Knoxville, TN
| | - Carol Byrd-Bredbenner
- Professor, Rutgers University, Department of Nutritional Sciences, New Brunswick, NJ
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Geynisman-Tan J, Brown O, Bochenska K, Leader-Cramer A, Dave B, Collins S, Mueller M, Lewicky-Gaupp C, Kenton K. Operating Room Efficiency: Examining the Impact of Personnel Handoffs. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2017.08.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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El Zein A, Shelnutt K, Colby S, Olfert M, Kattelmann K, Brown O, Kidd T, Horacek T, White A, Zhou W, Vilaro M, Greene G, Morrell J, Riggsbee K, Mathews A. Socio-demographic Correlates and Predictors of Food Insecurity among First Year College Students. J Acad Nutr Diet 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.08.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Willis A, Brown O, Greene M. Development of Education Program for Clinical Studies to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors. J Acad Nutr Diet 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.06.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Colby S, Zhou W, Sowers MF, Shelnutt K, Olfert MD, Morrell J, Koenings M, Kidd T, Horacek TM, Greene GW, Brown O, White AA, Hoerr SL, Byrd-Bredbenner C, Kattelmann KK. College Students' Health Behavior Clusters: Differences by Sex. Am J Health Behav 2017; 41:378-389. [PMID: 28601097 DOI: 10.5993/ajhb.41.4.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study purpose was to identify clusters of weight-related behaviors by sex in a college student populations. METHODS We conducted secondary data analysis from online surveys and physical assessments collected in Project Young Adults Eating and Active for Health (YEAH) with a convenience sample of students on 13 college campuses in the United States. We performed 2-step cluster analysis by sex to identify subgroups with homogeneous characteristics and behaviors. We used 8 derivation variables: healthy eating; eating restraints; external cues; stress; fruit/vegetable intake; calories from fat; calories from sugar-sweetened beverages; and physical activity. Contribution of derivation variables to clusters was analyzed with a MANOVA test. RESULTS Data from 1594 students were included. Cluster analysis revealed 2-clusters labeled "Healthful Behavior" and "At-risk" for males and females with an additional "Laid Back" cluster for males. "At-risk" clusters had the highest BMI, waist circumference, elevated health risk, and stress and least healthy dietary intake and physical activity. The "Laid Back" cluster had normal weights and the lowest restrained eating, external cues sensitivity, and stress. CONCLUSION Identified differences in characteristics and attitudes towards weight-related behaviors between males and females can be used to tailor weight management programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Colby
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Nutrition, Knoxville, TN, USA.,
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Business Analytics and Statistics, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Morgan F. Sowers
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Nutrition, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Karla Shelnutt
- University of Florida, Department of Family, Youth, and Community Science, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Melissa D. Olfert
- West Virginia University, Department of Human Nutrition and Foods, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jesse Morrell
- University of New Hampshire, Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Mallory Koenings
- United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Division of Nutrition, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tandalayo Kidd
- Kansas State University, Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Tanya M. Horacek
- Syracuse University, Department of Nutrition Science and Dietetics, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey W. Greene
- University of Rhode Island, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Onikia Brown
- Auburn University, Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn, AL, USA
| | | | - Sharon L. Hoerr
- Michigan State University, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Kendra K. Kattelmann
- South Dakota State University, Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Brookings, SD, USA
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Nightingale J, Stebbing P, Sibley P, Brown O, Rushbrook B, Jones G. A review of the use of ark sites and associated conservation measures to secure the long-term survival of White-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes
in the United Kingdom and Ireland. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/izy.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Nightingale
- Bristol Zoological Society; Clifton; Bristol BS8 3HA United Kingdom
- University of Bristol; Life Sciences Building 24 Tyndall Avenue Bristol BS8 1TQ United Kingdom
| | - P. Stebbing
- Cefas; Barrack Road Weymouth DT4 8UB United Kingdom
| | - P. Sibley
- Environment Agency; Wessex (North) Office Rivers House East Quay Bridgwater TA6 4YS United Kingdom
| | - O. Brown
- Natural Resources Wales; Cynrig Hatchery Brecon LD3 7AX United Kingdom
| | - B. Rushbrook
- Hampshire & Isle of Wight Wildlife Trust; Beechcroft House Vicarage Lane Curdridge SO32 2DP United Kingdom
| | - G. Jones
- University of Bristol; Life Sciences Building 24 Tyndall Avenue Bristol BS8 1TQ United Kingdom
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Allison C, Wiggins S, Yan W, Zhou W, Olfert MD, Kattelmann K, Mathews A, Brown O, Kidd T, Horacek T, White A, Colby S. Gender Differences in Use of Social Media for Health‐related Information. FASEB J 2017. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.31.1_supplement.lb430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Brown O, Geynisman-Tan J, Dave B, Bochenska K, Leader-Cramer A, Lewicky-Gaupp C, Mueller M, Collins S, Kenton K. 39: Changing referral patterns to urogynecology. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Elzein A, Shelnutt K, Colby S, Olfert M, Kattelmann K, Brown O, Kidd T, Horacek T, White A, Zhou W, Greene G, Riggsbee K, Morrell J, Mathews A. The Prevalence of Food Insecurity and Its Association with Health and Academic Outcomes among College Freshmen. Adv Nutr 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/advances/8.1.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Horacek TM, Dede Yildirim E, Kattelmann K, Brown O, Byrd-Bredbenner C, Colby S, Greene G, Hoerr S, Kidd T, Koenings MM, Morrell J, Olfert MD, Phillips B, Shelnutt K, White A. Path Analysis of Campus Walkability/Bikeability and College Students' Physical Activity Attitudes, Behaviors, and Body Mass Index. Am J Health Promot 2016; 32:578-586. [PMID: 27630109 DOI: 10.1177/0890117116666357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between the walkability/bikeability of college campuses and students' body mass index (BMI) with student physical activity (PA) attitudes and behaviors as potential mediators. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Thirteen university campuses. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1384 student participants. MEASURES Walkability/bikeability environmental score (ES): 12-item audit assessed an average of 44 path segments per campus. Students were measured for height and weight and completed online surveys. Physical activity stage of change/behavior intentions were assessed using the transtheoretical model. The Cognitive Behavioral Physical Activity Questionnaire assessed outcome expectations, self-regulation, and personal barriers. International Physical Activity Questionnaire assessed walking-, moderate-, and vigorous-intensity PA. ANALYSIS Descriptive statistics, zero-order correlations, and path analysis with maximum likelihood estimation. RESULTS The overall model fit was good with χ2 of 171.388 ( df = 18), P < .001, comparative fit index value of .95, and a root mean square of approximation of .079. After controlling for gender, there was a direct negative association between walkability/bikeability ES and BMI (β = -.085) and positive association between personal barriers and BMI (β = .134). Walkability/bikeability ES was positively associated with walking-intensity PA (β = .010). Self-regulation was positively associated with moderate-intensity PA (β = .213), which, in turn, was negatively associated with BMI (β = -.057). CONCLUSIONS The ease of walking and biking on a campus was related to college students' walking behavior and their BMI. Students' PA behavioral intentions were associated with moderate PA and lower BMI. These results provide evidence to focus on policies and structural supports for walkable/bikeable environments to supplement and enhance interventions encouraging individual behavior change for PA and weight management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya M Horacek
- 1 Department of Public Health, Food Studies and Nutrition, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - E Dede Yildirim
- 2 Department of Child and Family Studies, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- 3 Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - K Kattelmann
- 4 Health and Nutritional Sciences Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - O Brown
- 5 Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, Lafayette, IN, USA
- 6 Extension Nutrition and Food Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - C Byrd-Bredbenner
- 7 Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - S Colby
- 8 Department of Nutrition Science, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
- 9 Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - G Greene
- 10 Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - S Hoerr
- 11 Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - T Kidd
- 12 Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - M M Koenings
- 7 Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- 13 Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - J Morrell
- 14 Department of Molecular, Cellular & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - M D Olfert
- 15 Division of Animal & Nutritional Sciences, School of Agriculture, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - B Phillips
- 16 Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA (retired)
| | - K Shelnutt
- 17 Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - A White
- 18 School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
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Quick V, Byrd-Bredbenner C, Shoff S, White AA, Lohse B, Horacek T, Colby S, Brown O, Kidd T, Greene G. Relationships of Sleep Duration With Weight-Related Behaviors of U.S. College Students. Behav Sleep Med 2016; 14:565-80. [PMID: 26629981 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2015.1065411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study describes sleep behaviors of U.S. college students (N = 1,252; 18-24 years old; 59% female) and examines associations of sleep duration with weight-related behaviors. More than one quarter of participants slept < 7 hr/night and had mean Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores indicating poor sleep quality. There were significant differences for all PSQI scales among sleep duration categories, < 7 hr (n = 344), 7-8 hr (n = 449), ≥ 8 hr (n = 459) sleep/night. Compared to those who slept ≥ 8 hr, those who slept < 8 hr had significantly more negative eating attitudes (2% higher), poorer internal regulation of food (4% lower), and greater binge eating (4% higher) scores. Findings advocate for health care professionals to evaluate sleep behaviors of college students during office visits and promote good sleep behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Quick
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences , Rutgers University , New Brunswick , New Jersey , USA
| | - Carol Byrd-Bredbenner
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences , Rutgers University , New Brunswick , New Jersey , USA
| | - Suzanne Shoff
- b Department of Nutritional Sciences , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin , USA
| | - Adrienne A White
- c School of Food and Agriculture , University of Maine , Orono , Maine , USA
| | - Barbara Lohse
- d Wegmans School of Health and Nutrition , Rochester Institute of Technology , Rochester , New York , USA
| | - Tanya Horacek
- e Department of Public Health, Food Studies and Nutrition , Syracuse University , Syracuse , New York , USA
| | - Sarah Colby
- f Department of Nutrition , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee , USA
| | - Onikia Brown
- g Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management , Auburn University , Auburn , Alabama , USA
| | - Tandalayo Kidd
- h Department of Human Nutrition , Kansas State University , Manhattan , Kansas , USA
| | - Geoffrey Greene
- i Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences , University of Rhode Island Kingston , Rhode Island , USA
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Loso J, Staub D, Colby S, Zhou W, Olfert M, Kattelmann K, Vilaro M, Brown O, Kidd T, Horacek T, White A, Franzen-Castle L, Mathews A. Childhood and Current Gardening Is Associated with Increased Fruit and Vegetable Intake among College-Aged Students Participating in the Get Fruved Study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Horacek T, Yildirim E, Olfert M, Morrell J, Kidd T, Shelnutt K, Greene G, Riggsbee K, Brown O, Byrd-Bredbenner C, Franzen-Castle L, Faulk M. Convenience Store SHELF (Supportive Healthy Environment for Life-promoting Food) Audit Differences between College Campuses. J Acad Nutr Diet 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.06.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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El Zein A, Mathews A, Colby S, Byrd-Bredbenner C, Riggsbee K, Zhou W, Olfert M, Barnett T, Hansen A, Brown O, Kidd T, Horacek T, Violette G, Vilaro M. Food Choice Priorities of College Freshmen and Variation by Demographic Characteristics: Get Fruved Study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Horacek T, Yildirim E, Shelnutt K, Olfert M, Morrell J, Kidd T, Kattelmann K, Burke M, Colby S, Byrd-Bredbenner C, Brown O, Franzen-Castle L, Greene G. Assessing the Healthfulness of Campus Dining Environments Using “Full Restaurant Evaluation Supporting a Healthy (FRESH) Dining Environment” Tool. J Acad Nutr Diet 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.06.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Olfert MD, Barr ML, Zhou W, Riggsbee K, Mathews AEW, Vilaro M, Kattelmann KK, Andrea H, Spurgeon S, Morrell JS, Franzen‐Castle L, Byrd‐Bredbenner C, White A, Horacek T, Kidd T, Brown O, Colby SE. Sleep and Stress Level of College Students Developing a Health Promotion Intervention: Get Fruved Study. FASEB J 2016. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1152.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Makenzie L. Barr
- Animal and Nutritional SciencesWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV
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Barr ML, Olfert MD, Zhou W, Riggsbee K, Mathews AEW, Vilaro M, Kattelmann KK, Andrea H, White A, Horacek T, Kidd T, Brown O, Colby SE. Recruitment Strategies Implemented Across a Four‐State Lifestyle Intervention: Get Fruved Study. FASEB J 2016. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.674.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makenzie L Barr
- Animal & Nutritional SciencesWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV
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Barr ML, Olfert MD, Zhou W, Riggsbee K, Mathews AEW, Vilaro M, Kattelmann KK, Leischner K, Crouter S, Morrell JS, Thompson D, White A, Horacek T, Kidd T, Brown O, Colby SE. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Physical Activity in Young Adults: Get Fruved Study. FASEB J 2016. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1152.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makenzie L Barr
- Animal & Nutritional SciencesWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV
| | - Melissa D Olfert
- Animal & Nutritional SciencesWest Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV
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Brown O, Miller E, Mukigi D. Usefulness of MyPlate Social Marketing Campaign for Family Child Care Providers Enrolled in the Family Child Care Partnerships Program in Alabama. J Acad Nutr Diet 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.06.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Brown O, Quick V, Colby S, Greene G, Horacek TM, Hoerr S, Koenings M, Kidd T, Morrell J, Olfert M, Phillips B, Shelnutt K, White A, Kattelmann K. Recruitment lessons learned from a tailored web-based health intervention Project Y.E.A.H. (Young Adults Eating and Active for Health). Health Education 2015. [DOI: 10.1108/he-06-2014-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
– Recruiting college students for research studies can be challenging. The purpose of this paper is to describe the lessons learned in the various recruitment strategies used for enrolling college students in a theory-based, tailored, and web-delivered health intervention at 13 US universities.
Design/methodology/approach
– The community-based participatory research (CBPR) model was used to develop a staged-tailored, web-based, randomized control trial, focussing on eating behavior, physical activity, and stress management. Participant feedback during baseline assessments was used to evaluate recruitment strategies.
Findings
– Findings from this feedback suggest that traditional recruitment strategies, such as newspaper ads and flyers, may not be the best approach for recruiting college students; instead, web-based efforts proved to be a better recruitment strategy.
Research limitations/implications
– This project included results from 13 US universities and thus may not be generalizable: more research is needed to determine successful recruitment methods for 18-24 years old college students.
Originality/value
– This paper lessens the gap regarding successful recruitment strategies for 18-24 years old college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Brown
- Department of Psychology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth
| | - E Swartz
- Department of Psychology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth
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Quick V, Byrd-Bredbenner C, White AA, Brown O, Colby S, Shoff S, Lohse B, Horacek T, Kidd T, Greene G. Eat, sleep, work, play: associations of weight status and health-related behaviors among young adult college students. Am J Health Promot 2013; 29:e64-72. [PMID: 24359179 DOI: 10.4278/ajhp.130327-quan-130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine relationships of sleep, eating, and exercise behaviors; work time pressures; and sociodemographic characteristics by weight status (healthy weight [body mass index or BMI < 25] vs. overweight [BMI ≥ 25]) of young adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Nine U.S. universities. SUBJECTS Enrolled college students (N = 1252; 18-24 years; 80% white; 59% female). MEASURES Survey included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ), Satter Eating Competence Inventory (ecSI), National Cancer Institute Fruit/Vegetable Screener, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Work Time Pressure items, and sociodemographic characteristics. ANALYSIS Chi-square and t-tests determined significant bivariate associations of sociodemographics, sleep behaviors, eating behaviors, physical activity behavior, and work time pressures with weight status (i.e., healthy vs. overweight/obese). Statistically significant bivariate associations with weight status were then entered into a multivariate logistic regression model that estimated associations with being overweight/obese. RESULTS Sex (female), race (nonwhite), older age, higher Global PSQI score, lower ecSI total score, and higher TFEQ Emotional Eating Scale score were significantly (p < .05) associated with overweight/obesity in bivariate analyses. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex (female; odds ratio [OR] = 2.05, confidence interval [CI] = 1.54-2.74), older age (OR = 1.35, CI = 1.21-1.50), higher Global PSQI score (OR = 1.07, CI = 1.01-1.13), and lower ecSI score (OR = .96, CI = .94-.98), were significantly (p < .05) associated with overweight/obesity. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that obesity prevention interventions for college students should include an education component to emphasize the importance of overall sleep quality and improving eating competence.
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Abstract
The dietary behaviors of underserved populations contribute to diet-related health disparities. Behavior change is affected by many factors that may be grouped in four main categories; individual, interpersonal, institutional, and community and public factors.6However, underserved populations experience additional stressors that create greater barriers to achieving dietary behavior change. Researchers and health professionals are encouraged to work with and within underserved communities to provide appropriate and acceptable programming. This article highlights other stressors that make behavior change more challenging for underserved populations. Additionally, guidance to developing and implementing successful interventions to improve dietary behavior change in underserved populations is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onikia Brown
- Nutrition, Dietetics & Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
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