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Cáceres C, Lora ÁJ, Villabona SJ, Rocha MC, Camacho PA. Adherence to pharmacological treatment in non-communicable chronic diseases in the Colombian population: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Biomedica 2023; 43:51-65. [PMID: 38207150 PMCID: PMC10941828 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Introduction. Non-communicable chronic diseases represent the leading cause of death worldwide, and their prevalence is increasing due to the epidemiological transition. Despite the advances in their management, control rates are deficient, attributed to multiple factors like adherence to pharmacological treatment, one of the most significant and least studied in the Colombian population. Objective. To calculate adherence to treatment in Colombian patients with arterial hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and dyslipidemia between 2005 and 2022. Materials and methods. We performed a systematic literature review and a meta-analysis of studies identified through the Medline and LILACS databases to quantitatively synthesize treatment adherence percentage. Results. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria, and 5,658 patients were analyzed. The treatment adherence was 59%, with significant heterogeneity among the included studies (95% CI= 46- 71%; I2 = 98.8%, p< 0.001). Higher adherence rates were observed for diabetes mellitus (79%; 95% CI = 65- 90%) and dyslipidemia (70%; 95% CI = 66- 74%). Adherence to arterial hypertension treatment was 51% (95 %; CI = 31- 72%). Conclusions. This systematic review showed low adherence to recommendations regarding pharmacological management in non-communicable chronic diseases, which can have implications for long-term clinical outcomes and disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Cáceres
- Unidad de Diseño y Desarrollo, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, Floridablanca, Colombia.
| | - Álvaro José Lora
- Unidad de Diseño y Desarrollo, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, Floridablanca, Colombia.
| | | | - María Catalina Rocha
- Unidad de Diseño y Desarrollo, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, Floridablanca, Colombia.
| | - Paul Anthony Camacho
- Unidad de Diseño y Desarrollo, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, Floridablanca, Colombia; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga,.
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Galvis V, Prada AM, Tello A, Parra MM, Camacho PA, Polit MP. Safety of intracameral application of moxifloxacin and dexamethasone (Vigadexa®) after phacoemulsification surgery. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 261:3215-3221. [PMID: 37227478 PMCID: PMC10587335 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracameral antibiotics, such as moxifloxacin and cefuroxime, are safe to corneal endothelial cells and effective prophylaxis of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery. Corneal endothelial cells decrease in density after cataract surgery. Any substance used in the anterior chamber may affect corneal endothelial cells and lead to a greater decrease in density. This study wants to determine the percentage of endothelial cell loss after cataract extraction by phacoemulsification with off-label intracameral injection of moxifloxacin and dexamethasone (Vigadexa®). METHODS An observational retrospective study was performed. The clinical records of patients undergoing cataract surgery by phacoemulsification plus intracameral injection of Vigadexa® were analyzed. Endothelial cell loss (ECL) was calculated using preoperative and postoperative endothelial cell density. The relation of endothelial cell loss with cataract grade using LOCS III classification, total surgery time, total ultrasound time, total longitudinal power time, total torsional amplitude time, total aspiration time, estimated fluid usage, and cumulative dissipated energy (CDE) was studied using univariate linear regression analysis and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The median loss of corneal endothelial cells was 4.6%, interquartile range 0 to 10.4%. Nuclear color and CDE were associated with increased ECL. ECL>10% was associated with age and total ultrasound time in seconds. CONCLUSIONS The endothelial cell loss after the intracameral use of Vigadexa® at the end of cataract surgery was similar to the reported in other studies of cataract surgery without the use of intracameral prophylaxis for postoperative endophthalmitis (POE). This study confirmed the association of CDE and nuclear opalescence grade with postoperative corneal endothelial cell loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgilio Galvis
- Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Calle 158 20-95, Consultorio 301, Torre C, Cañaveral, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
- Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Angelica Maria Prada
- Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Calle 158 20-95, Consultorio 301, Torre C, Cañaveral, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
- Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Tello
- Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Calle 158 20-95, Consultorio 301, Torre C, Cañaveral, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia.
- Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Bucaramanga, Colombia.
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia.
- Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS), Bucaramanga, Colombia.
| | - Maria Margarita Parra
- Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Paul Anthony Camacho
- Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - María Paz Polit
- Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia
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Lopez-Jaramillo P, Lopez-Lopez JP, Otero J, Alarcon-Ariza N, Mogollon-Zehr M, Camacho PA, Sanchez G, Narvaez C, Casanova M, Arcos E, Aroca G, Quintero A, Beaney T, Partington G, Poulter NR. May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Colombia. Eur Heart J Suppl 2021; 23:B46-B48. [PMID: 34248430 PMCID: PMC8263072 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suab039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension awareness and control is poor in low- and middle-income countries. Thus, implementing strategies to increase hypertension detection is needed. Colombia participated as one of the 92 countries involved in the third campaign of the May Measurement Month in 2019. Blood pressure (BP) was measured in 48 324 volunteers from 13 departments in Colombia. In total, 27.9% individuals were identified with hypertension. Of those with hypertension, 63.7% were aware of their condition, 60.0% were on antihypertensive medication, and 38.4% had controlled BP. These results showed low levels of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in this sample of subjects volunteered to participate, suggest the urgent necessity of implementing programmes to improve the diagnosis and management of hypertension in Colombia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Masira, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, UDES, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Jose P Lopez-Lopez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Masira, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, UDES, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Johanna Otero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Masira, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, UDES, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Natalia Alarcon-Ariza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Masira, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, UDES, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Margarita Mogollon-Zehr
- Instituto de Investigaciones Masira, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, UDES, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | | | - Gregorio Sanchez
- Hospital San Juan de Dios Armenia, Universidad del Quindío, Armenia, Colombia
| | - Claudia Narvaez
- Departamento de Epidemiología, Hospital Susana López de Valencia, Popayán, Colombia
| | - Maria Casanova
- Programa de Medicina Interna, Universidad Libre, Cali, Colombia
| | - Edgar Arcos
- Fundación Centro de Obesidad y Metabolismo COMETA, Pasto, Colombia
| | - Gustavo Aroca
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Simón Bolívar and Clínica de la Costa, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | | | - Thomas Beaney
- Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Giles Partington
- Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Neil R Poulter
- Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Cohen DD, Sandercock GR, Camacho PA, Otero-Wandurraga J, Romero SMP, Marín RDPM, Sierra CAV, Carreño J, Moran J, Lopez-Jaramillo P. The SIMAC study: A randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of resistance training and aerobic training on the fitness and body composition of Colombian adolescents. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248110. [PMID: 33878107 PMCID: PMC8057582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact on muscle strength, aerobic fitness and body composition, of replacing the physical education (PE) class of Colombian adolescents with resistance or aerobic training. 120 tanner stage 3 adolescents attending a state school were randomized to resistance training, aerobic training, or a control group who continued to attend a weekly 2- hour PE class for 16 weeks. The resistance training and aerobic training groups participated in twice weekly supervised after-school exercise sessions of < 1 hour instead of their PE class. Sum of skinfolds, lean body mass (bioelectrical impedance analysis), muscular strength (6 repetition maximum (RM)) bench press, lateral pulldown and leg press) and estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (multistage 20 meter shuttle run) were assessed at pre and post intervention. Complete data were available for n = 40 of the resistance training group, n = 40 of the aerobic training group and n = 30 PE (controls). Resistance training attenuated increases in sum of skinfolds compared with controls (d = 0.27, [0.09-0.36]). We found no significant effect on lean body mass. Resistance training produced a positive effect on muscle strength compared with both controls (d = 0.66 [.49-.86]) and aerobic training (d = 0.55[0.28-0.67]). There was a positive effect of resistance training on cardiorespiratory fitness compared with controls (d = 0.04 [-0.10-0.12]) but not compared with aerobic training (d = 0.24 [0.10-0.36]). Replacing a 2-hour PE class with two 1 hour resistance training sessions attenuated gains in subcutaneous adiposity, and enhanced muscle strength and aerobic fitness development in Colombian youth, based on a median attendance of approximately 1 session a week. Further research to assess whether adequate stimuli for the development of muscular fitness exists within current physical education provision is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Dylan Cohen
- Masira Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Sports Science Center (CCD), Colombian Ministry of Sport (Mindeporte), Colombia
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Paul Anthony Camacho
- Fundación Oftalmologica de Santander (FOSCAL), Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Johanna Otero-Wandurraga
- Masira Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - Javier Carreño
- Masira Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Jason Moran
- Fundación Oftalmologica de Santander (FOSCAL), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo
- Masira Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Fundación Oftalmologica de Santander (FOSCAL), Bucaramanga, Colombia
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Otero J, Cohen DD, Delgado DM, Camacho PA, Amador M, Rueda-Quijano S, López-Jaramillo P. Facilitadores y barreras percibidos en la práctica de la actividad física en adolescentes escolarizados en Piedecuesta (Santander), en 2016: análisis cualitativo. Rev Fac Nac Salud Pública 2020. [DOI: 10.17533/udea.rfnsp.e337834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo. Describir los facilitadores y barreras que influyen en la participación en la actividad física (AF) de adolescentes escolarizados.
Métodos. Análisis cualitativo desde un enfoque fenomenológico con la participación de 20 adolescentes escolarizados entre 12 y 16 años, que mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales conversaron sobre temas relacionados con la práctica, beneficios, entornos e influencia y compañía frente a la AF. La información fue procesada con el programa NVivo Pro.
Resultados. La práctica de AF se limitaba a las clases de educación física en la mayoría de los casos. El compañero principal en la AF extracurricular era el padre del mismo sexo. La AF representaba una oportunidad para romper con la rutina diaria, el disfrute, mejorar la salud física y mental, y mejorar la contextura corporal. La falta de tiempo por compromisos académicos fue la razón principal para no realizar AF. Los espacios públicos no siempre estaban disponibles, a menudo no se consideraban seguros. En la escuela, el espacio y las instalaciones eran inadecuados, y el uso estaba restringido.
Conclusiones. La escuela es un punto de convergencia importante para la práctica de AF, lo que sugiere la necesidad de fortalecer el plan de estudios de educación física. A pesar de esto, se percibe que la AF interfiere con las actividades académicas. El vecindario también es un espacio importante para la AF y las mejoras en la seguridad y el atractivo estético de las áreas recreativas públicas tienen el potencial de aumentar el nivel de práctica de AF.
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Rueda-Quijano SM, Amador-Ariza MA, Arboleda AM, Otero J, Cohen D, Camacho PA, Jaramillo PL. [Concordance of the assessment of pubertal development with the Tanner scale between adolescents and a trained physician]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 36:408-413. [PMID: 31800932 DOI: 10.17843/rpmesp.2019.363.4099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES. To assess the concordance between self-assessment of pubertal development with the Tanner scale performed by adolescents compared to the assessment performed by a trained physician. MATERIALS AND METHODS. As part of the SIMAC project, data was collected on 244 adolescents. At baseline, we included an anthropometric and pubertal development assessment, with a self-assessment by the participants. RESULTS. We included 229 teenagers from 12 to 17 years old. The agreement between the self-assessment and the clinical evaluation with the Tanner scale presented an 88.3% agreement and a weighted kappa coefficient of 0.554. The self-assessment in women showed a good agreement ( kappaweighted=0.653) and in men a moderate agreement (kappaweighted=0.464). The only variable with a significant influence on the agreement ability was gender; the disagreement probability in males was 63% greater than in females, regardless of age, height, or weight (95% CI: 1,18-2, 26). CONCLUSIONS . Self-assessment was not accurate enough to replace medical examination, especially in males. More research is needed on this subject considering the impact that self-assessment of sexual development could have.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana María Arboleda
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL). Santander, Colombia
| | - Johanna Otero
- Universidad de Santander (UDES). Santander, Colombia
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Otero J, Camacho PA, Gómez-Peña LM, Rueda-Quijano SM, Gómez-Cuellar JF, Rey JJ, Sánchez G, Narváez C, Accini JL, Aroca G, Arcos E, Hernández I, García H, Pérez M, Galvis CR, Molina DI, Mejía C, Casanova ME, García L, Urina-Triana M, López-Jaramillo P. [Measurement, monitoring and knowledge of blood pressure: May Measurement Month, Colombia 2017]. Hipertens Riesgo Vasc 2019; 37:4-10. [PMID: 31416713 DOI: 10.1016/j.hipert.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To describe the findings of implementing May Measurement Month 2017 in the adult Colombian population to raise awareness of the importance of blood pressure measuring, monitoring, and awareness. MATERIALS AND METHODS May Measurement Month is a cross-sectional survey that follows the directives of the International Society of Hypertension and the World Hypertension League, which gathers information on cardiovascular risk factors and blood pressure readings. Its implementation in Colombia was lead by the Santander Ophthalmological Foundation (FOSCAL) and the Latin American Society of Hypertension (LASH) with the support of the Colombian Network for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes (RECARDI). RESULTS Data was collected from 11 departments on 21,797 people, 58.7% of whom were female, with an average age of 40.5±17.7 years. The overall prevalence of high blood pressure (HBP) was 20.8% (self-reported antihypertensive treatment or systolic blood pressure reading [systolic blood pressure≥140mmHg]). Of the total number of hypertensives, 46.5% had systolic blood pressure readings classified as uncontrolled (systolic blood pressure<140mmHg), and 26.4% were unaware that they were hypertensive who, in this report, we consider to be new cases of HBP. CONCLUSION The prevalence of (elevated) blood pressure is high in this young adult population, whose lack of awareness of HBP is also high, and HBP in those aware of their condition is poorly controlled. These results highlight the need to implement effective detection programmes for hypertensive patients and to establish standardised treatments to improve HBP control as a strategy to reduce cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Otero
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL) y Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - P A Camacho
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL) y Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
| | - L M Gómez-Peña
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
| | - S M Rueda-Quijano
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
| | - J F Gómez-Cuellar
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
| | - J J Rey
- Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
| | - G Sánchez
- Universidad del Quindío, Hospital San Juan de Dios de Armenia, Armenia, Quindío, Colombia
| | - C Narváez
- Hospital Susana López de Valencia ESE, Popayán, Cauca, Colombia
| | - J L Accini
- IPS Centro Científico Asistencial, Universidad Libre y Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - G Aroca
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - E Arcos
- Fundación Centro Médico COMETA, Pasto, Nariño, Colombia
| | - I Hernández
- Universidad Cooperativa Regional Pasto, Pasto, Nariño, Colombia
| | - H García
- Fundación Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (RIESCARD), Espinal, Tolima, Colombia
| | - M Pérez
- Universidad Militar Nueva Granada y Clínica de Marly, Bogotá DC, Colombia
| | - C R Galvis
- Universidad de Los Llanos, Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia
| | - D I Molina
- Asociación IPS Médicos Internistas de Caldas y Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - C Mejía
- Universidad Libre Seccional Cali, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - M E Casanova
- Universidad Libre Seccional Cali, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - L García
- Fundación CARDIOMET Pereira y Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - M Urina-Triana
- Fundación del Caribe para la Investigación Biomédica (Fundación Bios) y Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - P López-Jaramillo
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL) y Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia.
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López-Jaramillo P, Otero J, Rueda-Quijano SM, Camacho PA, Rey JJ, Sánchez G, Narváez C, Accini JL, Arcos E, García H, Pérez M, Aroca G, Beaney T, Kobeissi E, Poulter NR. May Measurement Month 2017: an analysis of blood pressure screening results in Colombia-Americas. Eur Heart J Suppl 2019; 21:D40-D43. [PMID: 31043874 PMCID: PMC6479493 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suz087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the availability of efficient methods to evaluate blood pressure (BP) and of safe and efficient medication to treat and control hypertension, the levels of awareness, treatment and control are very low globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. To highlight the importance of improving these rates, the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) endorsed by the World Hypertension League have implemented the May Measurement Month initiative. We present here the results obtained in Colombia. The Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL) led the implementation of this strategy in Colombia and 11 departments participated. The data collection followed the guidelines of the ISH. The information collected was compiled for the report generation and the submission to the Technical Secretariat of the ISH. Data cleaning was performed locally by FOSCAL. Data were collated and analysed centrally. A total of 22 258 participants (58.8% female) were included in the analysis. Mean age was 40.9 ± 17.7 years. Age and sex-standardized BP excluding participants receiving BP medications was 118/74.3 mmHg, and in those on treatment 125/78 mmHg. High BP was present in 5036 (22.8%) individuals, 1637 of 18 644 (8.8%) who were not receiving anti-hypertensive medications were hypertensive, and 961 of 3359 (28.6%) receiving treatment were not controlled. These results highlight the need to develop innovative promotion strategies at individual and population levels to increase the awareness of the importance of BP, and the consequences of not having well-controlled hypertension. This initiative is an effective and easy to implement strategy that should be maintained in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio López-Jaramillo
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Calle 155 A 23-04, El Bosque, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia.,Instituto de Investigaciones Masira, Facultad de Salud, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Lagos del Cacique, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Johanna Otero
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Calle 155 A 23-04, El Bosque, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia.,Instituto de Investigaciones Masira, Facultad de Salud, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Lagos del Cacique, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Sandra Milena Rueda-Quijano
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Calle 155 A 23-04, El Bosque, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
| | - Paul Anthony Camacho
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Calle 155 A 23-04, El Bosque, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia.,Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Calle 155 A 23-17, El Bosque, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
| | - Juan José Rey
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Calle 155 A 23-17, El Bosque, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
| | - Gregorio Sánchez
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Quindío, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Calle 17 Norte, Armenia, Quindio, Colombia
| | - Claudia Narváez
- Departamento de Epidemiología, Hospital Susana López de Valencia, Calle 15 # 17A-196, Popayán, Cauca, Colombia
| | - José Luis Accini
- IPS Centro Científico Asistencial, Cra. 43b #80-101, Barranquilla, Atlantico, Colombia.,Unidad de cuidados críticos, Facultad de Medicina Universidad Libre and Universidad del Norte, Km. 7 Antigua Vía Puerto, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Edgar Arcos
- Unidad de estudios clínicos, Fundación Centro Médico COMETA, Cra. 39 19-94 Barrio PalermoPasto, Nariño, Colombia
| | - Henry García
- Departamento de Investigación Clínica, Fundación Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (RIESCARD), Cra. 5 #1870, El Espinal, Tolima, Colombia
| | - Maritza Pérez
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Trasversal 5 49-00, Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Gustavo Aroca
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Simón Bolívar and Clínica de la Costa, Carrera 50 80-90, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Thomas Beaney
- Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, Stadium House, 68 Wood Lane, London, WR12 7RH, UK
| | - Elsa Kobeissi
- Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, Stadium House, 68 Wood Lane, London, WR12 7RH, UK
| | - Neil R Poulter
- Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, Stadium House, 68 Wood Lane, London, WR12 7RH, UK
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Gómez JF, Camacho PA, López-López J, López-Jaramillo P. Control y tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial: Programa 20-20. Revista Colombiana de Cardiología 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rccar.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Galvis V, Parra MM, Tello A, Castellanos YA, Camacho PA, Villarreal D, Salcedo SLL. Antibiotic resistance profile in eye infections in a reference centre in Floridablanca, Colombia. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) 2019; 94:4-11. [PMID: 30270037 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In view of the increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics, it is necessary to determine it locally in order to serve as a guide in clinical management. The purpose of this study was to characterise the pattern of antibiotic sensitivity in cases of eye infections in a third level ophthalmological institution in Floridablanca (Colombia). MATERIALS AND METHODS An observational cross-sectional study in which an analysis was made of the culture and antibiogram reports of specimens taken from cases of conjunctivitis, infectious keratitis, and endophthalmitis between January 2013 and June 2016. RESULTS A total of 833 specimens were positive for bacteria. Considering both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms gentamicin, tobramycin, and ciprofloxacin showed high resistance rates (64.4%, 40.3%, and 29.1%, respectively). Moxifloxacin, vancomycin, imipenem, and gatifloxacin showed low percentages of resistance: 2.6%, 2.1%, 0.6%, and 0.4%, respectively. When comparing the results with previous studies in our institution, there was a decrease in sensitivity to the fourth-generation quinolones and imipenem, especially within the gram-negative ones. CONCLUSION Fourth generation quinolones, imipenem and vancomycin continue to have a low in vitro resistance to bacteria that cause eye infections. However, there was a tendency to an increase in the resistance of gram-negative bacteria. Measures should be taken to try to control this phenomenon, and consider possible antimicrobial therapy alternatives to infections caused by these microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Galvis
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Colombia; Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - M M Parra
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Colombia; Universidad Industrial de Santander UIS, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - A Tello
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Colombia; Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Colombia.
| | - Y A Castellanos
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Colombia; Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNAB, Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - P A Camacho
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Colombia; Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNAB, Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - D Villarreal
- Laboratorio Clínico Higuera Escalante - Centro de Diagnóstico Ocular OCULAB, Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - S L L Salcedo
- Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Colombia
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López-Jaramillo P, Otero J, Camacho PA, Baldeón M, Fornasini M. Reevaluating nutrition as a risk factor for cardio-metabolic diseases. Colomb Med (Cali) 2018; 49:175-181. [PMID: 30104811 PMCID: PMC6084918 DOI: 10.25100/cm.v49i2.3840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The consumption of saturated fats is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Objective: Review published papers on the role of macro-nutrient intake in cardiovascular risk. Results: Recent reports from the PURE study and several previous meta-analyses, show that the consumption of total saturated and unsaturated fat is not associated with risk of acute myocardial infarction or mortality due to cardiovascular disease. High carbohydrate intake was associated with the highest risk of total and cardiovascular mortality, while total fat consumption or of its different types was associated with a lower risk of mortality. A high consumption of fruits, vegetables and legumes was associated with lower risk of total mortality and non-cardiovascular mortality. The consumption of 100 g of legumes, two or three times a week, ameliorated deficiencies of the nutrients contained in these foods and was associated with a reduction in the risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases. Conclusion: A healthy diet should be balanced and varied, be composed of a proportion of complex carbohydrates rich in fibber between 50-55% of the daily energy consumed, of saturated and unsaturated fat (25-30%), animal and vegetable protein (including legumes) between 15-25%, vitamins, minerals and water. These nutrients are abundantly present in fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, milk and its derivatives, eggs and meats, so public policies should promote the availability and access to these nutrients within primary prevention programs to reduce the growing prevalence of cardio-metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio López-Jaramillo
- Dirección de Investigaciones Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, Floridablanca, Colombia.,Facultad de Salud, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia.,Facultad de Ciencias de Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Floridablanca, Colombia.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Johanna Otero
- Dirección de Investigaciones Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Paul Anthony Camacho
- Dirección de Investigaciones Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, Floridablanca, Colombia.,Facultad de Ciencias de Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Manuel Baldeón
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Marco Fornasini
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial, Quito, Ecuador
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Casetta B, Videla AJ, Bardach A, Morello P, Soto N, Lee K, Camacho PA, Hermoza Moquillaza RV, Ciapponi A. Association Between Cigarette Smoking Prevalence and Income Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nicotine Tob Res 2018; 19:1401-1407. [PMID: 27679607 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntw266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Previous evidence linked low socioeconomic status with higher smoking prevalence. Our objective was to assess the strength of this association in the world population, updating a previous work. Methods Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Subgroup analyses included continents, WHO regions, country mortality levels, gender, age, risk of bias, and study publication date. Independent reviewers selected studies, assessed potential bias and extracted data. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, SOCINDEX, AFRICAN INDEX MEDICUS, and LILACS, and other sources from 1989 to 2013 reporting direct measurements of income and current cigarette smoking. Results We retrieved 13,583 articles and included 93 for meta-analysis. Median smoking prevalence was 17.8% (range 3-70%). Lower income was consistently associated with higher smoking prevalence (odds ratio [OR]: 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35-1.56). This association was statistically significant in the subgroup analysis by WHO regions for the Americas (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.42-1.68), South East Asia (OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.10-2.00), Europe (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.29-1.63), and Western Pacific (OR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.02-1.72), and in studies conducted during 1990s (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.24-1.62) and 2000s (OR: 1.48; 95%CI: 1.30-1.64). Likewise, it was noted in low-mortality countries (OR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.37-1.60) and for both genders. Prevalence was highest in the lowest income levels compared to the middle (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.49-1.92), followed by the middle level compared to the highest (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.20-1.43). Conclusions Our results show that current cigarette smoking was significantly associated with lower income worldwide and across subgroups, suggesting a dose-response relationship. Implications This unique updated systematic review shows a consistent inverse dose-response relationship between cigarette smoking and income level, present among most geographical areas and country characteristics. Public health measures should take into account this potential inequity and consider special efforts directed to disadvantaged populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brunilda Casetta
- IUC-Instituto Universitario CEMIC (Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Direction of Non-Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro J Videla
- IUC-Instituto Universitario CEMIC (Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Department of Medicine, Hospital Universitario Austral, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Argentina
| | - Ariel Bardach
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria (IECS) Centro de Investigación de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIESP), unidad ejecutora Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paola Morello
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria (IECS) Centro de Investigación de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIESP), unidad ejecutora Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalie Soto
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria (IECS) Centro de Investigación de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIESP), unidad ejecutora Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kelly Lee
- Department of Health Economics, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Paul Anthony Camacho
- Dirección de investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | | | - Agustín Ciapponi
- Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria (IECS) Centro de Investigación de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIESP), unidad ejecutora Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Barengo NC, Camacho S, López PA, Camacho PA, García ÁA, Hincapié JA, Maceneth A, López Jaramillo P. Patrones de prescripción de medicamentos para la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en cinco departamentos de Colombia, en 2014. Rev Fac Nac Salud Pública 2018. [DOI: 10.17533/udea.rfnsp.v36n2a08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Espinoza G, Castellanos L, Rodriguez-Una I, Camacho PA, Parra JC. Clinical outcomes of patterned laser trabeculoplasty as adjuvant therapy in open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:635-640. [PMID: 29675383 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.04.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the efficacy and safety of patterned laser trabeculoplasty (PLT) as an adjunctive treatment in open angle glaucoma (OAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT) patients who were under antiglaucoma medical treatment. METHODS This study was a retrospective review of primary or secondary OAG patients and OHT patients with medically uncontrolled (≥18 mm Hg) intraocular pressure (IOP) who underwent 360° PLT from June 2016 to August 2016. Follow-up visits at week 1, and 1, 3 and 6mo were performed. IOP, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), complications and eye drop glaucoma medication were recorded at each follow-up visit. Success was defined as IOP reduction ≥20% from baseline. RESULTS Forty-one eyes of 25 patients were included in this study. Pre-treatment mean IOP was 20.2±1.6 mm Hg. After PLT, IOP was 19.3±5.2, 16.1±2.7, 17.1±3.7 and 16.3±3.5 mm Hg, at 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo, respectively. IOP reduction from baseline was statistically significant from the first month, remaining stable at 6mo (P<0.001). PLT success at 6mo of follow-up was 48.78%. The number of glaucoma medication per eye (P=0.10) and the mean BCVA both remained constant (P=0.37). Complications included transient IOP spikes in 4 eyes (9.8%) and peripheral anterior synechiae in 7 eyes (17.1%). CONCLUSION PLT is an effective and safe method for the management of patients with OHT or OAG as an adjunctive therapy. Additional larger studies should be designed to verify the long-term stability of IOP reduction with this laser technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Espinoza
- Fundación Oftalmologica de Santander FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
| | | | - Ignacio Rodriguez-Una
- Instituto Oftalmologico Fernandez-Vega, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias 33012, Spain
| | - Paul Anthony Camacho
- Fundación Oftalmologica de Santander FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia.,Facultad de Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Juan Camilo Parra
- Fundación Oftalmologica de Santander FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
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Rueda-Jaimes GE, Castro-Rueda VA, Rangel-Martínez-Villalba AM, Moreno-Quijano C, Martinez-Salazar GA, Camacho PA. Validation of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in patients with suicide risk. Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment (Engl Ed) 2018; 11:86-93. [PMID: 27914883 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Only a few scales have been validated in Spanish for the assessment of suicide risk, and none of them have achieved predictive validity. OBJECTIVE To determine the validity and reliability of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in patients with suicide risk attending the specialist clinic. METHODS The Beck Hopelessness Scale, reasons for living inventory, and the suicide behaviour questionnaire were applied in patients with suicide risk attending the psychiatric clinic and the emergency department. A new assessment was made 30 days later to determine the predictive validity of suicide or suicide attempt. RESULTS The evaluation included a total of 244 patients, with a mean age of 30.7±13.2 years, and the majority were women. The internal consistency was .9 (Kuder-Richardson formula 20). Four dimensions were found which accounted for 50% of the variance. It was positively correlated with the suicidal behaviour questionnaire (Spearman .48, P<.001), number of suicide attempts (Spearman .25, P<.001), severity of suicide risk (Spearman .23, P<.001). The correlation with the reasons for living inventory was negative (Spearman -.52, P<.001). With a cut-off ≥12, the negative predictive value was 98.4% (95% CI: 94.2-99.8), and the positive predictive value was 14.8% (95% CI: 6.6-27.1). CONCLUSION The Beck Hopelessness Scale in Colombian patients with suicidality shows results similar to the original version, with adequate reliability and moderate concurrent and predictive validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- German Eduardo Rueda-Jaimes
- Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y Psicosociales, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
| | - Vanessa Alexandra Castro-Rueda
- Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y Psicosociales, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | | | - Catalina Moreno-Quijano
- Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y Psicosociales, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Gustavo Adolfo Martinez-Salazar
- Grupo de Neuropsiquiatría, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y Psicosociales, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Paul Anthony Camacho
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica, FOSCAL, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia
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Otero J, Cohen DD, Herrera VM, Camacho PA, Bernal O, López-Jaramillo P. Sociodemographic factors related to handgrip strength in children and adolescents in a middle income country: The SALUS study. Am J Hum Biol 2016; 29. [PMID: 27427286 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine sociodemographic factors associated with handgrip (HG) strength in a representative sample of children and adolescents from a middle income country. METHODS We evaluated youth between the ages of 8 and 17 from a representative sample of individuals from the Department of Santander, Colombia. Anthropometric measures, HG strength, and self-reported physical activity were assessed, and parents/guardians completed sociodemographic questionnairres. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics and tertiles of relative HG strength. We also produced centile data for raw HG strength using quantile regression. RESULTS 1,691 young people were evaluated. HG strength increased with age, and was higher in males than females in all age groups. Lower HG strength was associated with indicators of higher socioeconomic status, such as living in an urban area, residence in higher social strata neighborhoods, parent/guardian with secondary education or higher, higher household income, and membership in health insurance schemes. In addition, low HG strength was associated with lower physical activity levels and higher waist-to-hip ratio. In a fully adjusted regression model, all factors remained significant except for health insurance, household income, and physical activity level. CONCLUSIONS While age and gender specific HG strength values were substantially lower than contemporary data from high income countries, we found that within this middle income population indicators of higher socioeconomic status were associated with lower HG strength. This analysis also suggests that in countries undergoing rapid nutrition transition, improvements in socioeconomic conditions may be accompanied by reduction in muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Otero
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Dirección médica de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica, Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Daniel Dylan Cohen
- Universidad de Santander (UDES), Programa de Fisioterapia, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Victor Mauricio Herrera
- Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Paul Anthony Camacho
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Dirección médica de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica, Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Oscar Bernal
- Universidad de Los Andes, Escuela de Gobierno, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Patricio López-Jaramillo
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Dirección médica de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica, Floridablanca, Colombia.,Universidad de Santander (UDES), Programa de Fisioterapia, Bucaramanga, Colombia
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Gomez-Arbelaez D, Camacho PA, Cohen DD, Saavedra-Cortes S, Lopez-Lopez C, Lopez-Jaramillo P. Neck circumference as a predictor of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and low-grade systemic inflammation in children: the ACFIES study. BMC Pediatr 2016; 16:31. [PMID: 26956385 PMCID: PMC4782326 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-016-0566-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current study aims to evaluate the association between neck circumference (NC) and several cardio-metabolic risk factors, to compare it with well-established anthropometric indices, and to determine the cut-off point value of NC for predicting children at increased risk of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and low-grade systemic inflammation. Methods A total of 669 school children, aged 8–14, were recruited. Demographic, clinical, anthropometric and biochemical data from all patients were collected. Correlations between cardio-metabolic risk factors and NC and other anthropometric variables were evaluated using the Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to further examine these associations. We then determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses the optimal cut-off for NC for identifying children with elevated cardio-metabolic risk. Results NC was positively associated with fasting plasma glucose and triglycerides (p = 0.001 for all), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, C-reactive protein, insulin and HOMA-IR (p < 0.001 for all), and negatively with HDL-C (p = 0.001). Whereas, other anthropometric indices were associated with fewer risk factors. Conclusions NC could be used as clinically relevant and easy to implement indicator of cardio-metabolic risk in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gomez-Arbelaez
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander - FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Colombia. .,Instituto MASIRA, Facultad de la Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Santander - UDES, Bucaramanga, Colombia. .,Departamento de Endocrinología, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, España.
| | - Paul Anthony Camacho
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander - FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Colombia.
| | - Daniel Dylan Cohen
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander - FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Colombia. .,Instituto MASIRA, Facultad de la Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Santander - UDES, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
| | - Sandra Saavedra-Cortes
- Instituto MASIRA, Facultad de la Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Santander - UDES, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
| | - Cristina Lopez-Lopez
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNAB, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
| | - Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander - FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Colombia. .,Instituto MASIRA, Facultad de la Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Santander - UDES, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
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18
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Galvis V, López-Jaramillo P, Tello A, Castellanos-Castellanos YA, Camacho PA, Cohen DD, Gómez-Arbeláez D, Merayo-Lloves J. Is myopia another clinical manifestation of insulin resistance? Med Hypotheses 2016; 90:32-40. [PMID: 27063082 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Myopia is a multifactorial visual refraction disease, in which the light rays from distant objects are focused in front of retina, causing blurry vision. Myopic eyes are characterized by an increased corneal curvature and/or ocular axial length. The prevalence of myopia has increased in recent decades, a trend that cannot be attributed exclusively to genetic factors. Low and middle income countries have a higher burden of refractive error, which we propose could be a consequence of a shorter exposure time to a westernized lifestyle, a phenomenon that may also explain the rapid increase in cardiometabolic diseases, such as diabetes, among those populations. We suggest that interactions between genetic, epigenetic and a rapidly changing environment are also involved in myopia onset and progression. Furthermore, we discuss several possible mechanisms by which insulin resistance may promote abnormal ocular growth and myopia to support the hypothesis that insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are involved in its pathogenesis, providing a link between trends in myopia and those of cardiometabolic diseases. There is evidence that insulin have direct ocular growth promoting effects as well an indirect effect via the induction of insulin-like growth factors leading to decreases insulin-like growth factor-binding protein, also implicated in ocular growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgilio Galvis
- Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia; Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander - FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
| | - Patricio López-Jaramillo
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander - FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia; Instituto MASIRA, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia.
| | - Alejandro Tello
- Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia; Departamento de Cirugía, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | | | - Paul Anthony Camacho
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander - FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
| | - Daniel Dylan Cohen
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander - FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia; Instituto MASIRA, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Diego Gómez-Arbeláez
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander - FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
| | - Jesús Merayo-Lloves
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
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Gomez-Arbelaez D, Sánchez-Vallejo G, Perez M, Garcia RG, Arguello JF, Peñaherrera E, Duarte YC, Casanova ME, Accini JL, Sotomayor A, Camacho PA, Lopez-Jaramillo P. [Hyperglycaemia is associated with worse outcomes in Latin-American individuals with acute myocardial infarction]. Clin Investig Arterioscler 2016; 28:9-18. [PMID: 26596523 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in glucose metabolism have been reported as risk and poor prognostic factors for acute myocardial infarction (AMI); however in Latin-American population this information is limited. Thus, an evaluation was performed on the association between glycaemic status and short- and long-term outcomes in patients with a first AMI. METHODS A multicentre, prospective, observational, cohort study was conducted in 8 hospitals from Colombia and Ecuador. RESULTS A total of 439 patients with confirmed AMI were included, of which 305 (69.5%) had prediabetes or type2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Compared with normal glycaemia group, patients with known DM2 had greater risk of prolonged hospital stay (HR: 2.60, 95%CI: 1.38-4.92, P=.003), Killip class iii/iv (HR: 9.46, 95%CI: 2.20-40.62, P=.002), and in-hospital heart failure (HR: 10.76, 95%CI: 3.37-34.31, P<.001). Patients with prediabetes, new DM2, and known DM2 showed higher rates of major adverse cardiovascular events after 3years follow-up. CONCLUSION Glucose metabolism abnormalities have an important significance in the short- and long-term prognosis in Latin-American patients that survive a first AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gomez-Arbelaez
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander-FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Colombia; Instituto de Investigaciones MASIRA, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Santander-UDES, Bucaramanga, Colombia; División de Endocrinología, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, España
| | - Gregorio Sánchez-Vallejo
- Universidad del Quindío, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Fundación Cardiomet-Cequin, Armenia, Colombia
| | - Maritza Perez
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ronald Gerardo Garcia
- Instituto de Investigaciones MASIRA, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Santander-UDES, Bucaramanga, Colombia; Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia-FCV , Floridablanca, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | | - Jose Luis Accini
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Clínica Jaller, Universidad Libre, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | | | | | - Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander-FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Colombia; Instituto de Investigaciones MASIRA, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Santander-UDES, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
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Galvis V, Tello A, Parra MM, Merayo-Lloves J, Larrea J, Julian Rodriguez C, Camacho PA. Topical Atropine in the Control of Myopia. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol 2016; 5:78-88. [PMID: 28293653 PMCID: PMC5347209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Atropine has been used for more than a century to arrest myopia progression. Compelling evidence of its protective effect has been reported in well-designed clinical studies, mainly performed during the last two decades. However, its exact mechanism of action has not been determined. Experimental findings have shown that the mechanism is not related to accommodation, as was thought for decades. A review of the published literature revealed a significant amount of evidence supporting its safety and efficacy at a concentration of 1.0%, and at lower concentrations (as low as 0.01%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgilio Galvis
- Centro Oftalmologico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Colombia; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Tello
- Centro Oftalmologico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Colombia; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - M Margarita Parra
- Centro Oftalmologico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Colombia; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | | | - Jaime Larrea
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | | | - Paul Anthony Camacho
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Floridablanca, Colombia; Fundacion Oftalmológica de Santander FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Colombia
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Gomez-Arbelaez D, Alvarado-Jurado L, Ayala-Castillo M, Forero-Naranjo L, Camacho PA, Lopez-Jaramillo P. Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score to predict type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Colombian population: A longitudinal observational study. World J Diabetes 2015; 6:1337-1344. [PMID: 26675051 PMCID: PMC4673387 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i17.1337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To assess the performance of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) questionnaire for detecting and predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in a Colombian population.
METHODS: This is a longitudinal observational study conducted in Floridablanca, Colombia. Adult subjects (age ≥ 35 years) without known diabetes, were included. A modified version of FINDRISC was completed, and the glycemia values from all the subjects were collected from the hospital’s database. Firstly, a cross-sectional analysis was performed and then, the subsample of prediabetic participants was followed for diabetes incidence.
RESULTS: A total of 772 subjects were suitable for the study. The overall prevalence of undiagnosed DM2 was 2.59%, and the incidence of DM2 among the prediabetic participants was 7.5 per 100 person-years after a total of 265257 person-years follow-up. The FINDRISC at baseline was significantly associated with undiagnosed and incident DM2. The area under receiver operating characteristics curve of the FINDRISC score for detecting undiagnosed DM2 in both men and women was 0.7477 and 0.7175, respectively; and for predicting the incidence of DM2 among prediabetics was 71.99% in men and 67.74% in women.
CONCLUSION: The FINDRISC questionnaire is a useful screening tool to identify cross-sectionally unknown DM2 and to predict the incidence of DM2 among prediabetics in the Colombian population.
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Cohen DD, Gómez-Arbeláez D, Camacho PA, Pinzon S, Hormiga C, Trejos-Suarez J, Duperly J, Lopez-Jaramillo P. Low muscle strength is associated with metabolic risk factors in Colombian children: the ACFIES study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93150. [PMID: 24714401 PMCID: PMC3979680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose In youth, poor cardiorespiratory and muscular strength are associated with elevated metabolic risk factors. However, studies examining associations between strength and risk factors have been done exclusively in high income countries, and largely in Caucasian cohorts. The aim of this study was to assess these interactions in schoolchildren in Colombia, a middle income Latin American country. Methods We measured body mass index, body composition, handgrip strength (HG), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and metabolic risk factors in 669 low-middle socioeconomic status Colombian schoolchildren (mean age 11.52±1.13, 47% female). Associations between HG, CRF and metabolic risk factors were evaluated. Results HG and CRF were inversely associated with blood pressure, HOMA index and a composite metabolic risk score (p<0.001 for all) and HG was also inversely associated with triglycerides and C-reactive protein (CRP) (both p<0.05). Associations between HG and risk factors were marginally weakened after adjusting for CRF, while associations between CRF and these factors were substantially weakened after adjusting for HG. Linear regression analyses showed inverse associations between HG and systolic BP (β = −0.101; p = 0.047), diastolic BP (β = −0.241; p> = 0.001), HOMA (β = −0.164; p = 0.005), triglycerides (β = −0.583; p = 0.026) and CRP (β = −0.183; p = 0.037) but not glucose (p = 0.698) or HDL cholesterol (p = 0.132). The odds ratios for having clustered risk in the weakest quartile compared with the strongest quartile were 3.0 (95% confidence interval: 1.81–4.95). Conclusions In Colombian schoolchildren both poorer handgrip strength/kg body mass and cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with a worse metabolic risk profile. Associations were stronger and more consistent between handgrip and risk factors than between cardiorespiratory fitness and these risk factors. Our findings indicate the addition of handgrip dynamometry to non-invasive youth health surveillance programs would improve the accuracy of the assessment of cardio-metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Dylan Cohen
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
- Facultad de la Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Diego Gómez-Arbeláez
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
- Facultad de la Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Paul Anthony Camacho
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
| | - Sandra Pinzon
- Facultad de la Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Claudia Hormiga
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
| | - Juanita Trejos-Suarez
- Facultad de la Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - John Duperly
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
- Facultad de la Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
- * E-mail:
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Galvis V, Tello A, Sánchez MA, Camacho PA. Cohort study of intracameral moxifloxacin in postoperative endophthalmitis prophylaxis. Ophthalmol Eye Dis 2014; 6:1-4. [PMID: 24526838 PMCID: PMC3921022 DOI: 10.4137/oed.s13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a cohort study to evaluate post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis rates in relation to prophylactic intracameral moxifloxacin administration. A total of 2332 patients (2674 eyes) who underwent phacoemulsification by a single surgeon from January 2007 through December 2012 were included in the study. A total of 1056 eyes did not receive intracameral prophylactic moxifloxacin and the antibiotic was injected in 1618 eyes. The incidence of presumed postoperative endophthalmitis in the 2 groups was calculated. The rate of presumed infectious endophthalmitis after cataract surgery between January 2007 and June 2009 (without intracameral moxifloxacin) was 0.094%. The rate in the second period, from July 2009 to December 2012 (with prophylactic intracameral moxifloxacin), was 0%. In our patients, a decline in the incidence of presumed infectious postoperative endophthalmitis appeared to be associated with the application of intracameral moxifloxacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgilio Galvis
- Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia. ; Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Tello
- Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia. ; Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | | | - Paul Anthony Camacho
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL). Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia
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Galvis V, Tello A, Gomez AJ, Rangel CM, Prada4 AM, Camacho PA. Corneal transplantation at an ophthalmological referral center in Colombia: indications and techniques (2004-2011). Open Ophthalmol J 2013; 7:30-3. [PMID: 23898357 PMCID: PMC3722533 DOI: 10.2174/1874364101307010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To analize changing trends in indications and surgical techniques of corneal transplantation at an ophthalmological tertiary referral center in Colombia over a 7 year period. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of medical records from patients who underwent corneal transplantation surgeries at Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL) in Bucaramanga, Colombia, between August 2004 and August 2011. Results: During this period from a total of 450 corneal transplants performed, we had access to 402 medical records (89.4%). The patients’ mean age was 55. Leading indications were: pseudophakic/aphakic bullous kerathopathy (PBK/ABK) (34.6%), corneal scar (15.7%), active infectious keratitis (14.4%) and keratoconus (12.7%). During the first period (2004-2007) PBK/ABK was the leading indication, followed by stromal opacities and keratoconus. During the second period (2008-2011) PBK/ABK remained the leading indication. Infectious keratitis, however, became the second most common indication. Stromal opacities and keratoconus, moved to third and fourth, respectively. All transplants performed in the first period (2004-2007) were penetrating keratoplasties. In the second period (2008-2011) 18.7% of the procedures were performed using the Descemet’s stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty technique (DSAEK). Conclusions: Similar to other international results, PBK/ABK was the leading indication for corneal transplantation at our institution. Keratoconus is becoming a less common indication for keratoplasty in our institution. Infectious keratitis remains a frequent indication for corneal transplantation in this geographical area. In our institution we started performing DSAEK in 2009, and it is emerging as the procedure of choice in corneal diseases that involve only the endothelial layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgilio Galvis
- Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Colombia ; Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander-Clínica Carlos Ardila Lulle (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia ; Health Faculty, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, Colombia
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López-Jaramillo P, Camacho PA. Un reto para Colombia: mejorar la utilización de medicamentos probadamente beneficiosos en la prevención secundaria cardiovascular. Colomb Med (Cali) 2012. [DOI: 10.25100/cm.v43i1.1053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) causan 30% del total de las muertes en todo el mundo; de estas 80% sucede en los países en vía de desarrollo. El 1% de las personas en el mundo presenta un evento coronario agudo o cerebrovascular por año y la mitad de estos eventos se produce en individuos con enfermedad vascular preexistente. Los países de bajos y medianos ingresos presentan un incremento en la carga de las ECV y la mayoría no tiene programas concretos y bien definidos para su prevención.
Se ha estimado que para el año 2020, habrá un aumento entre 120% y 137% en la incidencia de enfermedad coronaria en las mujeres y los hombres respectivamente, en los países en desarrollo. Este fenómeno se explica, entre otras razones, por la denominada transición epidemiológica, que se asocia con un notable aumento en la prevalencia de facto-res de riesgo como la obesidad, la hipertensión arterial, el tabaquismo, el consumo exagerado de alcohol, los cambios en los hábitos nutricionales y el sedentarismo. Estos factores están relacionados con la rápida urbanización que han sufrido los países de bajos y medianos ingresos.
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Castro-Rueda VA, Martínez-Villalba AMR, Camacho PA, Rueda-Jaimes GE. Factores de riesgo y protectores para intento suicida en adultos colombianos con suicidabilidad. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0034-7450(14)60210-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Camacho PA, Rueda-Jaimes GE, Latorre JF, Navarro-Mancilla AA, Escobar M, Franco JA. [Validity and reliability of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale in Colombian adolescent students]. Biomedica 2009; 29:260-269. [PMID: 20128351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Major depressive disorder is the second major cause of adolescent psychological incapacitation in Latin-America. However, scales for detecting these disorders have not been validated for screening adolescents in Colombia. OBJECTIVE The validity and reliability of a Spanish translation of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies (CES-D)-Depression scale was assessed in adolescent students. MATERIALS AND METHODS A validation study for a diagnostic scale was performed with a sample of 390 adolescent students from Bucaramanga, Santander Province, in northwestern Colombia. The students were evaluated by two methods: (a) the CPS-depression scale and (b) a semi-structured clinical interview. Three to 28 days after the interview, the scale was re-applied. Criterion validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability was analyzed. RESULTS The mean age was 14.8 +/- 1.2 years old. The prevalence of major depressive disorder was 11.5%. Cronbach's alpha was 0.85. The area under the curve produced by the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.82, and the cut point of > or =23 showed a sensitivity of 73.3%; specificity, 73.6%; positive predictive value, 26.6%, and negative predictive value, 95.5%. Lin's coefficient of concordance was 0.75. CONCLUSIONS The validity and reliability of the Spanish translation of the CES-D scale were similar to those reported in the international literature although with a higher cut point. CONCLUSIONS The validity and reliability of the Spanish translation of the CES-D scale were similar to those reported in the international literature although with a higher cut point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Anthony Camacho
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
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