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Ana1/CEP295 is an essential player in the centrosome maintenance program regulated by Polo kinase and the PCM. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:102-127. [PMID: 38200359 PMCID: PMC10897187 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-023-00020-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Centrioles are part of centrosomes and cilia, which are microtubule organising centres (MTOC) with diverse functions. Despite their stability, centrioles can disappear during differentiation, such as in oocytes, but little is known about the regulation of their structural integrity. Our previous research revealed that the pericentriolar material (PCM) that surrounds centrioles and its recruiter, Polo kinase, are downregulated in oogenesis and sufficient for maintaining both centrosome structural integrity and MTOC activity. We now show that the expression of specific components of the centriole cartwheel and wall, including ANA1/CEP295, is essential for maintaining centrosome integrity. We find that Polo kinase requires ANA1 to promote centriole stability in cultured cells and eggs. In addition, ANA1 expression prevents the loss of centrioles observed upon PCM-downregulation. However, the centrioles maintained by overexpressing and tethering ANA1 are inactive, unlike the MTOCs observed upon tethering Polo kinase. These findings demonstrate that several centriole components are needed to maintain centrosome structure. Our study also highlights that centrioles are more dynamic than previously believed, with their structural stability relying on the continuous expression of multiple components.
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Consumer vulnerability and well-being across contexts: Implications for international businesses. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14612. [PMID: 36967954 PMCID: PMC10036936 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This article assesses the relationship between consumer vulnerability (CV) and well-being (WB) by comparing the effects of ordinary (non-pandemic) and pandemic consumption contexts among Portuguese and Brazilian consumers. Data on pre-and post-pandemic perceived vulnerability and well-being from a cross-cultural sample of 397 consumers were analyzed through structural equations modelling using the PLS-Path. The results revealed an inverse relationship between CV and well-being, which worsened with the emergence of the pandemic. Refund Policies, Product Promotions and Purchase Ability are the dimensions of CV identified as the most affected by the COVID-19 outbreak. Furthermore, fear proved to mediate the effect of vulnerability on well-being partially. The findings allow us to conclude that the most disrupted CV dimensions during COVID-19 are Refund Policy (RP), Purchase Ability (PA), and Product Promotion (PP). Studies comparing consumer vulnerability in international contexts are scarce. By finding the most critical dimensions of CV during a pandemic crisis, this study provides novel insights for companies and public institutions when planning responses and strategies to future disruptive occurrences. The conclusions represent an original contribution by analysing and comparing consumers' vulnerability in an everyday consumption situation and an extreme situation deployed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Valuable insights for governments and policymakers are provided. Firms working in international markets can use the insights to adapt their business strategy as effects on well-being vary across cultures.
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Group therapy in Schizophrenia. What’s the evidence? Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9567596 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The American Psychiatric Association and NICE’s Guidelines for schizophrenia recommend psychosocial interventions as adjuvants to pharmacological treatment, highlighting the role of cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosis, psychoeducation, family intervention, cognitive remediation, autonomy training, social skills training, and supported employment. Although highly recommended in their individual forms current guidelines make no definitive statement about their group applicability. Objectives The goal of this work was to critically review the evidence of group interventions in schizophrenia Methods Non-systematic review of the literature with selection of scientific articles published in the past 10 years; by searching Pubmed and Medscape databases using the combination of MeSH descriptors. The following MeSH terms were used: “schizophrenia”, “group therapy”. Results Group therapy has shown important benefits in different conditions over the years, likely through mechanisms such as peer motivation, controlled confrontation, increased insight and even a tendency to homogenous results between group participants through peer influence. These results have been reproduced in schizophrenia though the benefits of applying group concepts to structured psychosocial interventions is still under study. Conclusions Recent evidence suggests some evidence-based interventions can be applicable in group form, namely social skills training, cognitive remediation, psychoeducation, and multifamily groups, synergizing the already known benefits with newer therapy models and decreasing costs for patients and healthcare systems. Adequate controlled studies between individual and group therapy will shed further light on this matter. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Carotenoid biosynthetic gene expression, pigment and n-3 fatty acid contents in carotenoid-rich Tetraselmis striata CTP4 strains under heat stress combined with high light. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125385. [PMID: 34147770 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, two carotenoid-rich strains of the euryhaline microalga Tetraselmis striata CTP4 were isolated by random mutagenesis combined with selection via fluorescence activated cell sorting and growth on norflurazon. Both strains, ED5 and B11, showed an up to 1.5-fold increase in carotenoid contents as compared with the wildtype, independent of the growth conditions. More specifically, violaxanthin, β-carotene and lutein contents reached as high as 1.63, 4.20 and 3.81 mg g-1 DW, respectively. Genes coding for phytoene synthase, phytoene desaturase, lycopene-β-cyclase and ε-ring hydroxylase involved in carotenoid biosynthesis were found to be upregulated in ED5 and B11 cells as compared to the wildtype. Both strains showed higher contents of eicosapentaenoic acid as compared with those of the wildtype, reaching up to 4.41 and 2.88 mg g-1 DW, respectively. Overall, these results highlight the complexity of changes in carotenoid biosynthesis regulation that are required to improve pigment contents in microalgae.
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Plk4 triggers autonomous de novo centriole biogenesis and maturation. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:211915. [PMID: 33760919 PMCID: PMC7995200 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202008090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrioles form centrosomes and cilia. In most proliferating cells, centrioles assemble through canonical duplication, which is spatially, temporally, and numerically regulated by the cell cycle and the presence of mature centrioles. However, in certain cell types, centrioles assemble de novo, yet by poorly understood mechanisms. Herein, we established a controlled system to investigate de novo centriole biogenesis, using Drosophila melanogaster egg explants overexpressing Polo-like kinase 4 (Plk4), a trigger for centriole biogenesis. We show that at a high Plk4 concentration, centrioles form de novo, mature, and duplicate, independently of cell cycle progression and of the presence of other centrioles. Plk4 concentration determines the temporal onset of centriole assembly. Moreover, our results suggest that distinct biochemical kinetics regulate de novo and canonical biogenesis. Finally, we investigated which other factors modulate de novo centriole assembly and found that proteins of the pericentriolar material (PCM), and in particular γ-tubulin, promote biogenesis, likely by locally concentrating critical components.
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Abstract
Context The increase in the population aging has brought more significant concern about how proper care will be provided to the elderly in the future. Thus, the development of technological solutions for the health domain has gained more prominence. Joining this scenario to the growing use of mobile devices for daily activities, several mobile applications focused on the elderly healthcare have been developed with healthcare and software engineer professionals involved. However, there is no survey to help both professionals to take decisions on the target of application, elderly profile, empirical validation techniques, among others. Thus, the following question arises: how have mobile applications for elderly healthcare been addressed in the literature in the past years? Objective To identify the state of the art in the literature concerned with the development of mobile applications for elderly healthcare, considering healthcare and software Engineering viewpoints. Method We performed a systematic mapping conducted by health and software engineering researchers to provide an interdisciplinary investigation of the papers that address mobile applications for elderly healthcare, summarizing the data collected under the following classification: target of application, older adult profile, spatial-temporal distribution, techniques for empirical validation and type of software engineering research. Results We found a total of 2533 papers and, after applying our eligibility criteria, we got 149. We observed aspects related to the digital health initiative type, using the classification proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO), the elderly profile prioritized by the application, the spatial-temporal distribution of the studies, the empirical validation type, and the research contribution of each analyzed paper to the software engineering area. Conclusions Regarding the WHO classification, we noticed that two categories were more frequently found, Clients and Data Services, and that none of the mobile apps were classified in the Health System Manager category. The data extraction result also reveals that most of the applications found in the literature focused on the independent elderly. Moreover, we observed that most of the studies were proposals of solutions for elderly health and the validation process of these solutions generally consisted of controlled experiments and usability evaluations. At last, the research focused on mobile applications for elderly healthcare has been performed mostly by developed countries.
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Isolation and Characterization of Novel Chlorella Vulgaris Mutants With Low Chlorophyll and Improved Protein Contents for Food Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:469. [PMID: 32509750 PMCID: PMC7248561 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are widely used as food supplements due to their high protein content, essential fatty acids and amino acids as well as carotenoids. The addition of microalgal biomass to food products (e.g., baked confectioneries) is a common strategy to attract novel consumers. However, organoleptic factors such as color, taste and smell can be decisive for the acceptability of foods supplemented with microalgae. The aim of this work was to develop chlorophyll-deficient mutants of Chlorella vulgaris by chemically induced random mutagenesis to obtain biomass with different pigmentations for nutritional applications. Using this strategy, two C. vulgaris mutants with yellow (MT01) and white (MT02) color were successfully isolated, scaled up and characterized. The changes in color of MT01 and MT02 mutant strains were due to an 80 and 99% decrease in their chlorophyll contents, respectively, as compared to the original wild type (WT) strain. Under heterotrophic growth, MT01 showed a growth performance similar to that of the WT, reaching a concentration of 5.84 and 6.06 g L−1, respectively, whereas MT02 displayed slightly lower growth (4.59 g L−1). When grown under a light intensity of 100 μmol m−2 s−1, the pigment content in MT01 increased without compromising growth, while MT02 was not able to grow under this light intensity, a strong indication that it became light-sensitive. The yellow color of MT01 in the dark was mainly due to the presence of the xanthophyll lutein. On the other hand, phytoene was the only carotenoid detected in MT02, which is known to be colorless. Concomitantly, MT02 contained the highest protein content, reaching 48.7% of DW, a 60% increase as compared to the WT. MT01 exhibited a 30% increase when compared to that of the WT, reaching a protein content of 39.5% of DW. Taken together, the results strongly suggest that the partial abrogation of pigment biosynthesis is a factor that might promote higher protein contents in this species. Moreover, because of their higher protein and lower chlorophyll contents, the MT01 and MT02 strains are likely candidates to be feedstocks for the development of novel, innovative food supplements and foods.
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Evaluation of Risks and Benefits of Physical Activity of Hypertensives and Normotensives: Fighting a Societal Burden. MONTENEGRIN JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE AND MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.26773/mjssm.200302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Improvement of carotenoid extraction from a recently isolated, robust microalga, Tetraselmis sp. CTP4 (chlorophyta). Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 43:785-796. [PMID: 31894389 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been increasing consumer interest in carotenoids, particularly of marine sustainable origin with applications in the food, cosmeceutical, nutritional supplement and pharmaceutical industries. For instance, microalgae belonging to the genus Tetraselmis are known for their biotechnologically relevant carotenoid profile. The recently isolated marine microalgal strain Tetraselmis sp. CTP4 is a fast-growing, robust industrial strain, which has successfully been produced in 100-m3 photobioreactors. However, there are no reports on total carotenoid contents from this strain belonging to T. striata/convolutae clade. Although there are several reports on extraction methods targeting chlorophytes, extraction depends on the strength of cell coverings, solvent polarity and the nature of the targeted carotenoids. Therefore, this article evaluates different extraction methods targeting Tetraselmis sp. CTP4, a strain known to contain a mechanically resistant theca. Here, we propose a factorial experimental design to compare extraction of total carotenoids from wet and freeze-dried microalgal biomass using four different solvents (acetone, ethanol, methanol or tetrahydrofuran) in combination with two types of mechanical cell disruption (glass beads or dispersion). The extraction efficiency of the methods was assessed by pigment contents and profiles present in the extracts. Extraction of wet biomass by means of glass bead-assisted cell disruption using tetrahydrofuran yielded the highest amounts of lutein and β-carotene (622 ± 40 and 618 ± 32 µg g-1 DW, respectively). Although acetone was slightly less efficient than tetrahydrofuran, it is preferable due to its lower costs and toxicity.
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Pericentrin-mediated SAS-6 recruitment promotes centriole assembly. eLife 2019; 8:41418. [PMID: 31182187 PMCID: PMC6559791 DOI: 10.7554/elife.41418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The centrosome is composed of two centrioles surrounded by a microtubule-nucleating pericentriolar material (PCM). Although centrioles are known to regulate PCM assembly, it is less known whether and how the PCM contributes to centriole assembly. Here we investigate the interaction between centriole components and the PCM by taking advantage of fission yeast, which has a centriole-free, PCM-containing centrosome, the SPB. Surprisingly, we observed that several ectopically-expressed animal centriole components such as SAS-6 are recruited to the SPB. We revealed that a conserved PCM component, Pcp1/pericentrin, interacts with and recruits SAS-6. This interaction is conserved and important for centriole assembly, particularly its elongation. We further explored how yeasts kept this interaction even after centriole loss and showed that the conserved calmodulin-binding region of Pcp1/pericentrin is critical for SAS-6 interaction. Our work suggests that the PCM not only recruits and concentrates microtubule-nucleators, but also the centriole assembly machinery, promoting biogenesis close by.
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PLK4 is a microtubule-associated protein that self-assembles promoting de novo MTOC formation. J Cell Sci 2018; 132:jcs.219501. [PMID: 30237222 PMCID: PMC6398482 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.219501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The centrosome is an important microtubule-organising centre (MTOC) in animal cells. It consists of two barrel-shaped structures, the centrioles, surrounded by the pericentriolar material (PCM), which nucleates microtubules. Centrosomes can form close to an existing structure (canonical duplication) or de novo. How centrosomes form de novo is not known. The master driver of centrosome biogenesis, PLK4, is critical for the recruitment of several centriole components. Here, we investigate the beginning of centrosome biogenesis, taking advantage of Xenopus egg extracts, where PLK4 can induce de novo MTOC formation (
Eckerdt et al., 2011; Zitouni et al., 2016). Surprisingly, we observe that in vitro, PLK4 can self-assemble into condensates that recruit α- and β-tubulins. In Xenopus extracts, PLK4 assemblies additionally recruit STIL, a substrate of PLK4, and the microtubule nucleator γ-tubulin, forming acentriolar MTOCs de novo. The assembly of these robust microtubule asters is independent of dynein, similar to what is found for centrosomes. We suggest a new mechanism of action for PLK4, where it forms a self-organising catalytic scaffold that recruits centriole components, PCM factors and α- and β-tubulins, leading to MTOC formation. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: PLK4 binds to microtubules and self-assembles into condensates that recruit tubulin and trigger de novo microtubule-organising centre formation in vitro.
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Using a bacterial fucose-rich polysaccharide as encapsulation material of bioactive compounds. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:1099-1106. [PMID: 28687391 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The potential of a bacterial exopolysaccharide named FucoPol, produced by the bacterium Enterobacter A47, as encapsulation matrix was explored. Spherical capsules with a smooth surface were produced by spray drying. The obtained microcapsules had average diameters ranging from 0.5 to 26.7μm and presented thin walls (thickness from 222 to 1094nm). The capsules were loaded with two bioactive compounds: gallic acid (GA) and oregano essential oil (OEO). Both bioactive materials were encapsulated in FucoPol particles, retaining their antioxidant activity after the drying process. Release studies showed that GA release in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids was faster than that of OEO, envisaging that the latter had established stronger interactions with the polymer matrix. These results suggest that FucoPol has a good potential for use as encapsulating material of bioactive compounds for application in several areas, including food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical products.
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Optimization of Cuprous Oxides Thin Films to be used as Thermoelectric Touch Detectors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:6520-6529. [PMID: 28111939 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The electronic and optical properties of p-type copper oxides (CO) strongly depend on the production technique as it influences the obtained phases: cuprous oxide (Cu2O) or cupric oxide (CuO), the most common ones. Cu films deposited by thermal evaporation have been annealed in air atmosphere, with temperature between 225 and 375 °C and time between 1 and 4 h. The resultant CO films have been studied to understand the influence of processing parameters in the thermoelectric, electrical, optical, morphological, and structural properties. Films with a Cu2O single phase are formed when annealing at 225 °C, while CuO single phase films can be obtained at 375 °C. In between, both phases are obtained in proportions that depend on the film thickness and annealing time. The positive sign of the Seebeck coefficient (S), measured at room temperature (RT), confirms the p-type behavior of both oxides, showing values up to 1.2 mV·°C-1 and conductivity up to 2.9 (Ω·m)-1. A simple detector using Cu2O have been fabricated and tested with fast finger touch events.
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A mechanism for the elimination of the female gamete centrosome in Drosophila melanogaster. Science 2016; 353:aaf4866. [PMID: 27229142 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf4866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An important feature of fertilization is the asymmetric inheritance of centrioles. In most species it is the sperm that contributes the initial centriole, which builds the first centrosome that is essential for early development. However, given that centrioles are thought to be exceptionally stable structures, the mechanism behind centriole disappearance in the female germ line remains elusive and paradoxical. We elucidated a program for centriole maintenance in fruit flies, led by Polo kinase and the pericentriolar matrix (PCM): The PCM is down-regulated in the female germ line during oogenesis, which results in centriole loss. Perturbing this program prevents centriole loss, leading to abnormal meiotic and mitotic divisions, and thus to female sterility. This mechanism challenges the view that centrioles are intrinsically stable structures and reveals general functions for Polo kinase and the PCM in centriole maintenance. We propose that regulation of this maintenance program is essential for successful sexual reproduction and defines centriole life span in different tissues in homeostasis and disease, thereby shaping the cytoskeleton.
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CDK1 Prevents Unscheduled PLK4-STIL Complex Assembly in Centriole Biogenesis. Curr Biol 2016; 26:1127-37. [PMID: 27112295 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Centrioles are essential for the assembly of both centrosomes and cilia. Centriole biogenesis occurs once and only once per cell cycle and is temporally coordinated with cell-cycle progression, ensuring the formation of the right number of centrioles at the right time. The formation of new daughter centrioles is guided by a pre-existing, mother centriole. The proximity between mother and daughter centrioles was proposed to restrict new centriole formation until they separate beyond a critical distance. Paradoxically, mother and daughter centrioles overcome this distance in early mitosis, at a time when triggers for centriole biogenesis Polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) and its substrate STIL are abundant. Here we show that in mitosis, the mitotic kinase CDK1-CyclinB binds STIL and prevents formation of the PLK4-STIL complex and STIL phosphorylation by PLK4, thus inhibiting untimely onset of centriole biogenesis. After CDK1-CyclinB inactivation upon mitotic exit, PLK4 can bind and phosphorylate STIL in G1, allowing pro-centriole assembly in the subsequent S phase. Our work shows that complementary mechanisms, such as mother-daughter centriole proximity and CDK1-CyclinB interaction with centriolar components, ensure that centriole biogenesis occurs once and only once per cell cycle, raising parallels to the cell-cycle regulation of DNA replication and centromere formation.
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Pharmaceutical Compounding in Portuguese Community Pharmacies: CHARACTERIZATION AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDING 2016; 20:114-122. [PMID: 27323423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A study of compounding practices among Portuguese community pharmacies from 2008 to 2011 and pharmacists' perspectives concerning compounding was conducted. The retrospective study was based on an online questionnaire developed to gather information on pharmacies characteristics frequency, and type of compounded preparations. Additionally, difficulties, motivations, and pharmacist's perspectives regarding compounding were assessed. Up to 1,450 Portuguese pharmacies were contacted, and 250 completed questionnaires obtained. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Version 21. Frequency and cross-tab analysis was used to describe data. Chi-square test was used to assess statistical significant differences between compounding and non-compounding pharmacies' characteristics. Among all pharmacies, 75.2% reported compounding practices, although the majority prepared less than 50 preparations per year, corresponding to less than 10 different formulations. Those pharmacies' with a higher lifetime activity, number of customers, and team members were associated to compounding practices. Dermatological preparations were the most frequently prepared formulations, followed by oral solutions, and otorhinolaryngological preparations. Dermatologists and pediatricians were the most frequent prescribers of compounded medicines. Regarding future perspectives, 51.4% of pharmacists believed that compounding will decrease. However, 79.1% indicated that they will continue to compound, and 70.7% considered that compounded prescriptions should be encouraged. Patient satisfaction (66.1%) and improvement of the pharmacy image (63.8%) were considered the main advantages of compounding services. Compounded medicines are still prepared in the community pharmacy setting to fulfill special patients' therapeutic needs, especially following dermatologists' and pediatricians' prescriptions. Offering compounding services is perceived by pharmacists as an important factor for high-quality pharmacy service and patient satisfaction.
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Clinicopathologic significance of BubR1 and Mad2 overexpression in oral cancer. Oral Dis 2015; 21:713-20. [PMID: 25754611 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES BubR1 and Mad2 are central components of the mitotic checkpoint complex that inhibits anaphase onset until all chromosomes are correctly aligned at the metaphase plate. We propose to analyse the combined expression of BubR1 and Mad2 and assess its significance to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) diagnosis and prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS BubR1 and Mad2 expression was assessed by real-time PCR in OSCC cell lines and in normal human oral keratinocytes, and by immunohistochemistry in 65 patients with OSCC. The results were compared regarding clinicopathological parameters, proliferative activity and survival. RESULTS BubR1 and Mad2 transcripts were overexpressed in OSCC cell lines which also exhibited attenuated spindle assembly checkpoint activity. BubR1 and Mad2 were also overexpressed in patients with OSCC. BubR1 expression was associated with advanced stages and larger tumour size in univariate analysis, and with shorter overall survival both in univariate and multivariate analysis. Mad2 overexpression was associated with that of BubR1 and, importantly, high expression of Mad2 and BubR1 was associated with increased cellular proliferation. CONCLUSION Our data propose a role for BubR1 and Mad2 in OSCC cellular proliferation, progression and prognosis.
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Room temperature synthesis of Cu₂O nanospheres: optical properties and thermal behavior. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2015; 21:108-119. [PMID: 25331195 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927614013348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present work reports a simple and easy wet chemistry synthesis of cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanospheres at room temperature without surfactants and using different precursors. Structural characterization was carried out by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy coupled with focused ion beam and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The optical band gaps were determined from diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The photoluminescence behavior of the as-synthesized nanospheres showed significant differences depending on the precursors used. The Cu2O nanospheres were constituted by aggregates of nanocrystals, in which an on/off emission behavior of each individual nanocrystal was identified during transmission electron microscopy observations. The thermal behavior of the Cu2O nanospheres was investigated with in situ X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry experiments. Remarkable structural differences were observed for the nanospheres annealed in air, which turned into hollow spherical structures surrounded by outsized nanocrystals.
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Women's experiences, preferences and perceptions regarding vaginal products: Results from a cross-sectional web-based survey in Portugal. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2014; 20:259-71. [DOI: 10.3109/13625187.2014.980501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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What do portuguese women prefer regarding vaginal products? Results from a cross-sectional web-based survey. Pharmaceutics 2014; 6:543-56. [PMID: 25337676 PMCID: PMC4279132 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics6040543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic outcomes of vaginal products depend not only on their ability to deliver drugs to or through the vagina but also on acceptability and correct use. Women's preferences, in turn, may vary according to age and cultural backgrounds. In this work, an anonymous online survey was completed by 2529 Portuguese women to assess their preferences for physical characteristics and mode of application of vaginal products, according to age. Additionally, intention to use and misconceptions about these issues were assessed. The majority of women of all age groups would use vaginal products to treat or prevent diseases, upon medical prescription. Women preferred vaginal products to be odorless and colorless gels, creams and ointments composed by natural origin drugs/excipients and applied by means of an applicator. Although the majority of women would prefer not to insert any product in the vagina, intention to use for self and recommendation to use for others was associated with previous experiences with vaginal products. General concerns and misconceptions related to use of vaginal products were rare. These data may contribute to the development of products that women are more prone to use.
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Abstract
There is substantial evidence supporting the role of certain oral bacteria species in the onset and progression of periodontitis. Nevertheless, results of independent-culture diagnostic methods introduced about a decade ago have pointed to the existence of new periodontal pathogens. However, the data of these studies have not been evaluated together, which may generate some misunderstanding on the actual role of these microorganisms in the etiology of periodontitis. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the current weight of evidence for newly identified periodontal pathogens based on the results of "association" studies. This review was conducted and reported in accordance with the PRISMA statement. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched up to September 2013 for studies (1) comparing microbial data of subgingival plaque samples collected from subjects with periodontitis and periodontal health and (2) evaluating at least 1 microorganism other than the already-known periodontal pathogens. From 1,450 papers identified, 41 studies were eligible. The data were extracted and registered in predefined piloted forms. The results suggested that there is moderate evidence in the literature to support the association of 17 species or phylotypes from the phyla Bacteroidetes, Candidatus Saccharibacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes, and Synergistetes. The phylum Candidatus Saccharibacteria and the Archaea domain also seem to have an association with disease. These data point out the importance of previously unidentified species in the etiology of periodontitis and might guide future investigations on the actual role of these suspected new pathogens in the onset and progression of this infection.
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Regulation of autophosphorylation controls PLK4 self-destruction and centriole number. Curr Biol 2013; 23:2245-2254. [PMID: 24184099 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) is a major player in centriole biogenesis: in its absence centrioles fail to form, while in excess leads to centriole amplification. The SCF-Slimb/βTrCP-E3 ubiquitin ligase controls PLK4 levels through recognition of a conserved phosphodegron. SCF-Slimb/βTrCP substrate binding and targeting for degradation is normally regulated by phosphorylation cascades, controlling complex processes, such as circadian clocks and morphogenesis. Here, we show that PLK4 is a suicide kinase, autophosphorylating in residues that are critical for SCF-Slimb/βTrCP binding. We demonstrate a multisite trans-autophosphorylation mechanism, likely to ensure that both a threshold of PLK4 concentration is attained and a sequence of events is observed before PLK4 can autodestruct. First, we show that PLK4 trans-autophosphorylates other PLK4 molecules on both Ser293 and Thr297 within the degron and that these residues contribute differently for PLK4 degradation, the first being critical and the second maximizing auto-destruction. Second, PLK4 trans-autophosphorylates a phospho-cluster outside the degron, which regulates Thr297 phosphorylation, PLK4 degradation, and centriole number. Finally, we show the importance of PLK4-Slimb/βTrCP regulation as it operates in both soma and germline. As βTrCP, PLK4, and centriole number are deregulated in several cancers, our work provides novel links between centriole number control and tumorigenesis.
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The association of equity, accessibility, and price with primary healthcare user's satisfaction. West J Nurs Res 2013; 36:191-208. [PMID: 23912802 DOI: 10.1177/0193945913497830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The assessment of user satisfaction, and the knowledge of what factors influence satisfaction are very important for the improvement of services' quality provided. This study aims to evaluate user satisfaction with primary healthcare services. A sample of 6,113 healthcare services users was interviewed to evaluate satisfaction and determine a global satisfaction index using a Partial Least Squares Path Model. The global user satisfaction index with healthcare centers is 58.4 points on a 100-point scale, showing that users are only moderately satisfied with the service provided. The results show that the medical care and the price of services are the main predictors of user satisfaction. Other factors such as the perception of health equity and nursing services also seem to be important contributors to satisfaction. A more disturbing result is the negative relationship between perceived accessibility and satisfaction, which requires further research.
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Guidelines for maintenance of adult patients with brain death and potential for multiple organ donations: the Task Force of the Brazilian Association of Intensive Medicine the Brazilian Association of Organs Transplantation, and the Transplantation Center of Santa Catarina. Transplant Proc 2013; 44:2260-7. [PMID: 23026569 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The organ shortage for transplantation, the principal factor that increases waiting lists, has become a serious public health problem. In this scenario, the intensivist occupies a prominent position as one of the professionals that first has a chance to identify brain death and to be responsible for the maintenance of the potential deceased donor. OBJECTIVE This report attempts to establish guidelines for care and maintenance of adult deceased donor organs guiding and standardizing care provided to patients with brain death. METHOD These guidelines were composed by intensivists, transplant coordinators, professionals from various transplant teams, and used transplant center. The formulated questions were forwarded to all members and recommendations were constructed after an extensive literature review selecting articles with the highest degree of evidence. RESULTS Guidelines were developed in the form of questions reflecting frequent experiences in clinical intensive care practices. The main questions were: Is there an optimal interval for keeping organs of deceased donors viable? What actions are considered essential for maintaining deceased donors in this period? What are the limits of body temperature? How should the patient be warmed? Which laboratory tests should be performed? What is the collection interval? What are the limits in the laboratory and the capture scenario? What are the limits of blood pressure? When and how should one use catecholamines? CONCLUSIONS This pioneer project involved a multidisciplinary team working in organ transplantation seeking to provide treatment guidance to increase the number of viable organs from deceased adult donors.
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Pyrene photochemical species in commercial clays. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 90:657-664. [PMID: 23089391 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The photochemistry of pyrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, adsorbed on kaolinite, sodium montmorillonite and acid bentonite K10® was investigated to determine how the concentration and structure of the clay minerals affect the formation of different species of pyrene. Fluorescence emission spectra were obtained using reflection geometry for pyrene at the concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 100.0 μmol g(-1) (pyrene:clay). Two pyrene photochemical species were observed, the monomer, which fluoresces at 396 nm, and its excimer which fluoresces at 470 nm. The formation of excimers occurred first on the kaolinite, due to the smaller surface area. In the acid montmorillonite, the fixed interlamellar space provided greater specific area, leading to lower formation of excimers. Emission from pyrene crystals was also detected for samples with high loadings.
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2853 – Arachnoid cyst and psychosis: a case report. Eur Psychiatry 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(13)77434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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BLD10/CEP135 is a microtubule-associated protein that controls the formation of the flagellum central microtubule pair. Dev Cell 2012; 23:412-24. [PMID: 22898782 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 04/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cilia and flagella are involved in a variety of processes and human diseases, including ciliopathies and sterility. Their motility is often controlled by a central microtubule (MT) pair localized within the ciliary MT-based skeleton, the axoneme. We characterized the formation of the motility apparatus in detail in Drosophila spermatogenesis. We show that assembly of the central MT pair starts prior to the meiotic divisions, with nucleation of a singlet MT within the basal body of a small cilium, and that the second MT of the pair only assembles much later, upon flagella formation. BLD10/CEP135, a conserved player in centriole and flagella biogenesis, can bind and stabilize MTs and is required for the early steps of central MT pair formation. This work describes a genetically tractable system to study motile cilia formation and provides an explanation for BLD10/CEP135's role in assembling highly stable MT-based structures, such as motile axonemes and centrioles.
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Development of a diagnostic technique based on Cherenkov effect for measurements of fast electrons in fusion devices. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:083505. [PMID: 22938292 DOI: 10.1063/1.4740512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A diagnostic technique based on the Cherenkov effect is proposed for detection and characterization of fast (super-thermal and runaway) electrons in fusion devices. The detectors of Cherenkov radiation have been specially designed for measurements in the ISTTOK tokamak. Properties of several materials have been studied to determine the most appropriate one to be used as a radiator of Cherenkov emission in the detector. This technique has enabled the detection of energetic electrons (70 keV and higher) and the determination of their spatial and temporal variations in the ISTTOK discharges. Measurement of hard x-ray emission has also been carried out in experiments for validation of the measuring capabilities of the Cherenkov-type detector and a high correlation was found between the data of both diagnostics. A reasonable agreement was found between experimental data and the results of numerical modeling of the runaway electron generation in ISTTOK.
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Eosin Y Triplet State as a Probe of Spatial Heterogeneity in Microcrystalline Cellulose. Photochem Photobiol 2012; 88:831-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2012.01152.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Simultaneous measurements of the parallel and perpendicular ion temperature with a pinhole probe in the scrape-off-layer of the tokamak ISTTOK. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:033505. [PMID: 22462920 DOI: 10.1063/1.3697447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A pinhole probe (PHP) for the simultaneous measurement of the parallel, T(parallel), and perpendicular, T(perpendicular), ion temperature has been designed and tested in the scrape-off-layer (SOL) plasma of the tokamak ISTTOK. The PHP consists of a tunnel immersed into the plasma parallel to magnetic field and an ion collector. One end of the tunnel is covered with a thin foil that has a pinhole sampling ions from the plasma. The other end of the tunnel (close to the negatively biased collector) is covered with a fine-mesh screen. The possibility of performing an analytical description of the PHP current-to-voltage characteristics obtained on the collector when biasing the tunnel simplifies the interpretation of the results. The PHP operation has been previously tested in T(parallel), T(perpendicular) measurements in low temperature weekly magnetized plasma [H. Mase, T. Honzava, and G. Miyamoto, J. Appl. Phys. 49(10), 5171 (1978)]. In this paper, the PHP operation in the SOL of the tokamak ISTTOK is described, and the first results of T(parallel) and T(perpendicular) measurements are presented. The obtained results demonstrate strong (~30%) variation of T(parallel) and T(perpendicular) on a time scale of 0.5 ms, and general predominance of T(parallel) > T(perpendicular) anisotropy (T(parallel mean)/T(perpendicular mean) ~ 1.5) during plasma shot.
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A dual function of Drosophila capping protein on DE-cadherin maintains epithelial integrity and prevents JNK-mediated apoptosis. Dev Biol 2011; 360:143-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Anal melanoma with satellite implantations on the lower rectum. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2011; 103:49-51. [PMID: 21341945 DOI: 10.4321/s1130-01082011000100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Hydrogen retention in gallium samples exposed to ISTTOK plasmas. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Reduced grey matter metabolism due to white matter edema allows optimal assessment of brain tumors on 18F-FDG-PET. HELLENIC JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2011; 14:219-223. [PMID: 22087438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this research was to demonstrate that the cortical and subcortical grey matter hypometabolism as revealed by fluorine-18 fluorodesoxyglucose-positron emission tomography ((18)F-FDG-PET) imaging in brain tumors is related to associated edema as demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This in turn enhances the ability to assess disease activity in the tumor and the degree of loss of cerebral function in the adjacent and distant structures. We evaluated brain T1 and T2 weighted MRI and (18)F-FDG-PET scans of 29 patients (19 adult, 10 pediatric) with history of brain tumor. Tumor histology types included 21 gliomas, 1 melanoma, 1 primitive neuroectodermal tumor, 3 medulloblastomas and 3 ependymomas. The majority of scans were performed within the same week (94% <1 month. The extent of hypo and hypermetabolism was assessed on the (18)F-FDG-PET scans. A template of 12 regions of interest (ROI) was applied and the laterality indices of the regional counts (signal intensity) were computed. Extent of edema, enhancement, and anatomical change were assessed on the MRI scans. Extent of edema in the same ROI was evaluated by a 6-point semiquantitative scale and laterality indices were generated. Metabolic activity of the grey matter was correlated with the extent of edema using these indices. In all cases where edema was present, significant hypometabolism was observed in the adjacent structures. Overall, there was a strong correlation between the extent of edema and severity of hypometabolism (r=0.92, P=0.01). This was true regardless of the location of edema, whether there was history of radiation treatment (r=0.91, P=0.03), or not (r=0.97, P=0.17). In conclusion, edema independent of underlying variables appeared to contribute significantly to cortical and sub-cortical grey matter hypometabolism observed in patients with brain tumors. This would indicate that brain tumors can be successfully assessed by (18)F-FDG-PET and therefore the efforts for utilizing other tracers may not be justified.
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Ion temperature fluctuation measurements using a retarding field analyzer. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:043505. [PMID: 21529006 DOI: 10.1063/1.3581219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The retarding field analyzer (RFA) is a widely used diagnostic tool for the ion temperature measurement in the scrape-off-layer (SOL) of the thermonuclear plasma devices. However, the temporal resolution in the standard RFA application is restricted to the ms timescale. In this paper, a dc operation of the RFA is considered, which allows for the measurement of the plasma ion temperature fluctuations. The method is based on the relation for the RFA current-voltage (I-V) characteristic resulted from a common RFA model of shifted Maxwellian distribution of the analyzed ions, and the measurements of two points on the exponentially decaying region of the I-V characteristic with two differently dc biased RFA electrodes. The method has been tested and compared with conventional RFA measurements of the ion temperature in the tokamak ISTTOK SOL plasma. An ion temperature of T(i) = 17 eV is obtained near the limiter position. The agreement between the results of the two methods is within ∼25%. The amplitude of the ion temperature fluctuations is found to be around 5 eV at this location. The method has been validated by taking into account the effect of fluctuations in the plasma potential and the noise contamination, proving the reliability of the results obtained. Finally, constrains to the method application are discussed that include a negligible electron emission from the RFA grids and the restriction to operate in the exponentially decaying region of the I-V characteristic.
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A rare cause of severe coagulopathy, leading to extradural hematoma in an alcoholic patient. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2011; 103:106-107. [PMID: 21366380 DOI: 10.4321/s1130-01082011000200017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Characteristics of four-channel Cherenkov-type detector for measurements of runaway electrons in the ISTTOK tokamak. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2010; 81:10D304. [PMID: 21033830 DOI: 10.1063/1.3478658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A diagnostics capable of characterizing the runaway and superthermal electrons has been developing on the ISTTOK tokamak. In previous paper, a use of single-channel Cherenkov-type detector with titanium filter for runaway electron studies in ISTTOK was reported. To measure fast electron populations with different energies, a prototype of a four-channel detector with molybdenum filters was designed. Test-stand studies of filters with different thicknesses (1, 3, 7, 10, 20, 50, and 100 μm) have shown that they should allow the detection of electrons with energies higher than 69, 75, 87, 95, 120, 181, and 260 keV, respectively. First results of measurements with the four-channel detector revealed the possibility to measure reliably different fast electrons populations simultaneously.
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Evaluation Of Physical Activity And Perceptions About Exercise Of Women With Osteoporosis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000386678.97621.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Perception Of The Importance Of Physical Activity Benefits In The Quality Of Life. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000386691.22278.dd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Preference And Motivation For Physical Activities: Assessing Bmi And Mets Differences. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000386666.36632.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Capsule endoscopy "retention" permits diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2009; 101:228-229. [PMID: 19388810 DOI: 10.4321/s1130-01082009000300017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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[Acute esophageal necrosis: a retrospective case series]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2009; 100:583-5. [PMID: 19025311 DOI: 10.4321/s1130-01082008000900010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute esophageal necrosis has been considered a rare event. It is defined as the presence of diffuse dark pigmentation of the esophagus on upper endoscopy. Its incidence has not yet been established. The pathogenesis remains unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of clinical, laboratory, endoscopic, and histological data, and of the clinical course of 11 patients with acute necrotizing esophagitis was carried out over a 2-year period. RESULTS Among 3,976 patients who underwent upper endoscopy, 11 (0.28%) with acute esophageal necrosis were identified. Nutritional status was poor for 6 patients. Complete resolution of acute esophageal necrosis without further recurrence was observed in 4. One stricture appeared during follow-up and other patient developed new-onset acute esophageal necrosis. Seven patients died, but no death was directly related to acute esophageal necrosis. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of acute esophageal necrosis in our series is 0.28%. Acute esophageal necrosis is associated with high mortality rates.
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The Effect of Desloratadine on Quality of Life and Nasal Symptoms in Subjects with Perennial Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Use of Cherenkov-type detectors for measurements of runaway electrons in the ISTTOK tokamak. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2008; 79:10F505. [PMID: 19044650 DOI: 10.1063/1.2956960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Gas, fluid, or solid Cherenkov-type detectors have been widely used in high-energy physics for determination of parameters of charged particles, which are moving with relativistic velocities. This paper presents experimental results on the detection of runaway electrons using Cherenkov-type detectors in the ISTTOK tokamak discharges. Such detectors have been specially designed for measurements of energetic electrons in tokamak plasma. The technique based on the use of the Cherenkov-type detectors has enabled the detection of energetic electrons (energies higher than 80 keV) and determination of their spatial and temporal parameters in the ISTTOK discharges. Obtained experimental data were found in adequate agreement to the results of numerical modeling of the runaway electron generation in ISTTOK.
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