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[Prognostic value of skeletal muscle measured by CT at the T4 level in advanced EGFR-positive non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with ecotinib]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2024; 104:1590-1600. [PMID: 38742346 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20231209-01336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of skeletal muscle measured by CT at the level of the fourth thoracic vertebra (T4) in advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with ecotinib. Methods: The study retrospectively reviewed clinical and pathological characteristics of 176 patients with advanced EGFR-positive NSCLC who received ecotinib and underwent chest CT scans at Wuhan Union Hospital between January 2017 and October 2020. Among them, 70 were male and 106 were female, with ages ranging from 27 to 80 (58.6±10.6) years. As of August 21, 2021, the median follow-up duration was 19.2 months (95%CI: 15.3 to 23.7 months). The optimal cut-off value of skeletal muscle density (T4-SMD) on CT images at the T4 level were determined using X-tile software. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test were used to plot progression-free survival curves. Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to analyze factors influencing 1-year progression-free survival (PFS), and a nomogram prognostic model was constructed accordingly. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were utilized to evaluate the predictive value of the nomogram. Results: The T4-SMD [M (Q1,Q3)] of 176 patients was 42.56 (37.05, 45.93) HU. Patients were divided into low T4-SMD group (n=122) and high T4-SMD group (n=54) based on the cut-off value (The values for males and females were 49.44 and 41.41 HU, respectively) of T4-SMD. The median PFS time and 1-year PFS rate in the low T4-SMD group were significantly lower than those in the high T4-SMD group [10.4 (95%CI: 9.3-11.8) vs 13.7 (95%CI: 11.1-18.5) months, 36.1% vs 59.3%, respectively, P=0.034]. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (HR=3.308, 95%CI: 1.183-9.247, P=0.023), lactate dehydrogenase level (HR=1.852, 95%CI: 1.037-3.307, P=0.037), systemic immune-inflammation index (HR=1.772, 95%CI: 1.019-3.080, P=0.043), and T4-SMD (HR=0.563, 95%CI: 0.325-0.974, P=0.040) were prognostic factors for 1-year PFS in advanced EGFR-positive NSCLC patients treated with ecotinib. A nomogram for predicting 1-year PFS of advanced EGFR-positive NSCLC patients treated with ecotinib was constructed based on the four indicators selected by multivariate Cox regression analysis. The area under the ROC curve of the nomogram was 0.775 (95%CI: 0.676-0.874). The calibration curve showed good consistency between the predicted and actual 1-year PFS. DCA demonstrated good clinical prediction effectiveness of the nomogram. Conclusion: Low T4-SMD is a prognostic risk factor for patients with advanced EGFR-positive NSCLC receiving icotinib therapy.
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Excitation functions for fast neutron induced reactions on iron and lead. Appl Radiat Isot 2024; 207:111274. [PMID: 38447263 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Cross sections of the 54Fe(n,p)54Mn, 54Fe(n,α)51Cr, 56Fe(n,p)56Mn and 204Pb (n,2n)203Pb reactions induced by D-T neutrons were obtained with activation method and γ-ray spectrometry technique. Experimental values measured in this work are consistent with most of the previous literature data. These reactions cross sections were theoretically calculated by using the TALYS-1.96 and EMPIRE-3.2.3 codes from threshold up to 20 MeV, and significant discrepancies were found between calculated results and experiment data. In addition, experimental values are compared with evaluated nuclear data of the CENDL-3.2, ENDF/B-VIII.0, JENDL-5, BROND-3.1 and JEFF-3.3 libraries, and significant difference was found for the 54Fe(n,α)51Cr reaction in ENDF/B-VIII.0 library but not for other reactions.
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Body mass index, weight change, and cancer prognosis: a meta-analysis and systematic review of 73 cohort studies. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102241. [PMID: 38442453 PMCID: PMC10925937 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.102241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying the association between body mass index (BMI) or weight change and cancer prognosis is essential for the development of effective cancer treatments. We aimed to assess the strength and validity of the evidence of the association between BMI or weight change and cancer prognosis by a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis of relevant cohort studies. METHODS We systematically searched the PubMed, Web of Science, EconLit, Embase, Food Sciences and Technology Abstracts, PsycINFO, and Cochrane databases for literature published up to July 2023. Inclusion criteria were cohort studies with BMI or weight change as an exposure factor, cancer as a diagnostic outcome, and data type as an unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) or headcount ratio. Random- or fixed-effects models were used to calculate the pooled HR along with the 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Seventy-three cohort studies were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with normal weight, overweight or obesity was a risk factor for overall survival (OS) in patients with breast cancer (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.22-1.53; P < 0.0001), while obesity was a protective factor for OS in patients with gastrointestinal tumors (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.56-0.80; P < 0.0001) and lung cancer (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.48-0.92; P = 0.01) compared with patients without obesity. Compared with normal weight, underweight was a risk factor for OS in patients with breast cancer (HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.98-1.35; P = 0.08), gastrointestinal tumors (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.32-1.80; P < 0.0001), and lung cancer (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.22-1.35; P < 0.0001). Compared with nonweight change, weight loss was a risk factor for OS in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of the meta-analysis, we concluded that BMI, weight change, and tumor prognosis were significantly correlated. These findings may provide a more reliable argument for the development of more effective oncology treatment protocols.
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Fast neutron induced reaction cross sections on natural manganese and tantalum. Appl Radiat Isot 2024; 204:111150. [PMID: 38128300 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.111150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The cross sections for the 55Mn(n,2n)54Mn, 181Ta(n,2n)180gTa, and 181Ta(n,p)181Hf reactions were measured to be 705.1 ± 26.1 mb at 14.0 MeV, 1362.7 ± 87.2 mb at 13.6 MeV, and 2.31 ± 0.09 mb at 13.6 MeV, respectively, by using an off-line γ-ray spectroscopic technique. The neutrons were produced via the 3H(d,n)4He reaction. The monitor reactions 27Al(n,α)24Na and 93Nb(n,2n)92mNb were used for neutron flux determination. The results from the present work were compared with those of the literature and the evaluated data from ENDF/B-VIII.0, JEFF-3.3, JENDL-5, CENDL-3.2, and BROND-3.1 libraries. Besides, the cross sections were also estimated with the TALYS-1.96 nuclear model code using different level density models for a better description of the present work and literature data. The present experimental results were found to be in good agreement with most of the available literature data and with the evaluated data.
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[Expression level of Wilms' tumor 1 gene and its correlation with clinical features in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2023; 103:3658-3664. [PMID: 38018065 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20231007-00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the expression level of WT1 gene in patients with classical Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) and its correlation with clinical features. Methods: A retrospective study included 252 patients with newly diagnosed MPN in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2015 to March 2023, including 128 males and 124 females, aged[M(Q1,Q3)]62 (53, 69) years. The WT1-positive group (n=93) and the WT1-negative group (n=159) were split based on the level of WT1 gene expression, and the variations in clinical indicators between the two groups were compared. Its levels of expression in each subtype and its relationships to thrombotic events and clinically significant variables were analyzed. As of March 31, 2023, the follow-up period [M (Q1, Q3)] was 12.0(6.5,21.0)months. The risk factors of thrombosis in MPN patients were analyzed by using the logistic regression analysis. Results: The WT1 gene expression level in the overall bone marrow samples of 252 patients with newly diagnosed MPN was 0.30% (0.10%, 1.10%). The expression level in primary myelofibrosis (PMF) patients was 1.45% (0.41%, 3.24%), which was higher than 0.15% (0.02%, 0.32%), 0.37% (0.16%, 1.09%) in essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythemia vera (PV) patients (both P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between WT1 gene expression levels and JAK2V617F gene mutation load, RDW, MPV (r=0.478, 0.346, 0.236, all P<0.01). While negative correlations between WT1 gene expression levels and PLT, LYM, PTTA, LDH were found (r=-0.339, -0.170, -0.206, -0.388, all P<0.01). Patients in the WT1-positive group exhibited a higher percentage of somatic symptoms, splenomegaly, positive JAK2V617F gene mutation, and higher levels of RDW, LDH, NEUT, and MPV compared to the WT1-negative group. In contrast, the proportion of triple-negative (negative for all three hot mutations of JAK2V617F, CALR and MPL) was lower, and the levels of PLT, LYM and PTTA were lower (all P<0.05). The thrombotic event rates of WT1-positive group and WT1-negative group were 32.3% (30/93) and 32.1% (51/159), respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.883). Logistic regression analysis showed that male (OR=2.41,95%CI:1.02-5.71,P=0.046) and positive JAK2V617F gene mutation (OR=3.96,95%CI:1.50-10.42,P=0.005) were risk factors for thrombotic events in ET patients. Conclusions: WT1 gene expression is elevated in PMF patients and correlated with indicators of disease progression and transformation in MPN patients. It can be utilized as an auxiliary diagnostic indicator for classical MPN staging but is not correlated with the incidence of thrombotic events. Male and positive JAK2V617F gene mutation are risk factors for thrombotic events in ET patients.
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Global burden of neoplasms attributable to specific occupational carcinogens over 30 years: a population-based study. Public Health 2023; 223:145-155. [PMID: 37657137 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to analyze the global burden of occupational neoplasms from various epidemiological perspectives. STUDY DESIGN In this cross-sectional study, secondary analyses were conducted to assess the burden of neoplasms attributable to occupational carcinogens and their distribution characteristics using data from GBD 2019 and the World Bank database. METHODS Based on the GBD 2019 and the World Bank database, we analyzed the global burden of occupational neoplasms including the age-period-cohort model, decomposition analysis, health inequality analysis, and panel model. All analyses were conducted in R (version 4.0.3) and Joinpoint (version 4.9.1). RESULTS The absolute number of neoplasms burden attributable to occupational carcinogens has continued to rise over 30 years. In 2019, occupational neoplasms caused 333,867 [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 263,491 to 404,641] mortalities and 6,964,775 (95% UI: 5,467,884 to 8,580,431) disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) globally. Greenland, Monaco, the Netherlands, and Andorra suffered the highest burden. The burden was higher in countries with a higher sociodemographic index. The age effect was prominent in the elderly, and the 1925 birth cohort had the highest cohort effect. Population growth was the most significant driver of the mortalities (89%) and DALYs (111%) change. Moreover, the proportion of urban population was significantly positively associated with the disease burden, while GDP per capita was negatively correlated with the disease burden. CONCLUSIONS The burden of occupational neoplasms was unevenly distributed across locations and populations. The need for rational allocation of healthcare resources was urgent.
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[Progress in surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 2023; 61:821-825. [PMID: 37653982 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20230412-00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most common malignancies of the digestive system,which is prone to be associated with microvascular or macrovascular invasion. Among them,HCC with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus(IVCTT) or right atrium tumor thrombus(RATT) is rare and has a poor prognosis. However,surgical treatment of HCC with IVCTT and (or) RATT is rarely reported and summarized. The review described the classification of HCC tumor thrombus with IVCTT and (or) RATT, summarized the progress of surgical approaches and surgical operations,and introduced a case of thrombectomy after pushing from the outer surface of the atrium,rendering the RATT to the inferior vena cava under non-cardiopulmonary bypass. The review also proposed the prospective treatments for HCC with IVCTT or RATT,providing clinical guidance to hepatobiliary surgeons.
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Enabling early detection of knee osteoarthritis using diffusion-relaxation correlation spectrum imaging. Clin Radiol 2023:S0009-9260(23)00224-6. [PMID: 37336674 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM To present a technique that enables detection of early stage OA of the knee using diffusion-relaxation correlation spectrum imaging (DR-CSI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-five early osteoarthritis patients (OA, Kellgren-Lawrence [KL] score 1 to 2; mean age, 56.4 years) and 49 healthy volunteers (mean age, 56.7 years) were underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with T2-mapping and DR-CSI techniques. Maps of mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), T2 relaxation time and volume fraction Vi for DR-CSI compartment i (A, B, C, D) sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratio (PLR, NLR) were assessed to determine the diagnostic accuracy for detection of early-stage degeneration of knee articular cartilage. The structural abnormalities of articular cartilage were evaluated using modified Whole-Organ MR Imaging Scores (WORMS). RESULTS All intra- and interobserver agreements for DR-CSI compartment volume fractions and modified WORMS of cartilage were excellent. Early OA versus the controls had higher VC, lower VA and VB (p<0.001), but comparable VD (p>0.05). VA, VB and VC had a moderate association with WORMS. No significant correlation was identified between VD and WORMS. VC had better ability than VA,VB, VD, T2 and ADC to discriminate early OA patients from healthy controls (area under the curve, 0.898). Sensitivity, specificity, PLR, and NLR of VC with a cut-off value of 29.9% were 81.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 69.1-90.9%), 95.9% (86-99.5%), 20.05% (5.13-78.34%), and 0.19% (0.11-0.33%). CONCLUSIONS DR-CSI compartment volume fractions may be sensitive indicators for detecting early-stage degeneration in knee articular cartilage.
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[Study on the mechanism of early pancreatic exocrine function changes in severely scalded rats]. ZHONGHUA SHAO SHANG YU CHUANG MIAN XIU FU ZA ZHI 2023; 39:424-433. [PMID: 37805751 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20230216-00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the mechanism of early pancreatic exocrine function changes in severely scalded rats. Methods: The experimental research methods was used. Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 7-8 weeks were divided into simple sham injury group (n=8), sham injury+cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK8) group (n=8), severe scald+CCK8 group (n=32), and extremely severe scald+CCK8 group (n=32) by the random number table, which were treated accordingly. Immediately after injury of rats in the 2 sham injury groups and 1, 2, 3, and 7 days after injury of rats in the 2 scald groups, the improved methods including pancreatic duct puncture and catheterization were used to dynamically collect the pancreatic-bile juice (PBJ) of rats. The PBJ secretory volume within 1 h was recorded, and the content of pancreatic lipase, α-amylase, and trypsin in PBJ was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the number of samples was 8. The femoral venous blood was collected, and the concentrations of pancreatic lipase and α-amylase in serum were detected by standard colorimetry to reflect their activity (n=8). The pancreatic tissue was extracted, and the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 in pancreatic tissue were detected by ELISA (n=8), the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in pancreatic tissue was detected by immunofluorescence method, and the histopathological changes in pancreatic tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, the severity of pancreatic tissue injury in the 2 scald groups was evaluated by modified Schmidt method (n=6), and the ultrastructure of acinar cells in pancreatic tissue was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance for factorial design, Tukey test, independent sample t test, and least significant difference test. Results: Compared with the PBJ secretory volume (0.740±0.030) mL in the pancreatic tissue of rats in simple sham injury group within 1 h immediately after injury, the (0.823±0.033) mL in sham injury+CCK8 group was significantly increased (t=4.92, P<0.05). Compared with that of rats in sham injury+CCK8 group immediately after injury, the PBJ secretory volume of rats within 1 h in severe scald+CCK8 group ((0.681±0.024), (0.608±0.056), (0.525±0.025), and (0.720±0.044) mL) and extremely severe scald+CCK8 group ((0.540±0.025), (0.406±0.021), (0.475±0.036), and (0.690±0.018) mL) was significantly decreased on 1, 2, 3, and 7 days after injury (P<0.05). Compared with that in severe scald+CCK8 group, the PBJ secretory volume of rats within 1 h in extremely severe scald+CCK8 group was significantly decreased on 1 and 2 days after injury (P<0.05). Compared with that of rats in simple sham injury group immediately after injury, the content of pancreatic lipase, α-amylase, and trypsin in PBJ of rats in sham injury+CCK8 group immediately after injury was significantly increased (with t values of 4.56, 3.30, and 4.99, respectively, P<0.05). Compared with that of rats in sham injury+CCK8 group immediately after injury, the content of pancreatic lipase and α-amylase in PBJ of rats in severe scald+CCK8 group and extremely severe scald+CCK8 group was significantly decreased on 1, 2, 3, and 7 days after injury (P<0.05), the trypsin content in PBJ of rats in extremely severe scald+CCK8 group was significantly decreased on 2 days after injury (P<0.05). Compared with that in severe scald+CCK8 group, the content of pancreatic lipase in PBJ of rats in extremely severe scald+CCK8 group was significantly decreased on 1, 2, and 3 days after injury (P<0.05), and the content of α-amylase and trypsin in PBJ was significantly decreased on 1 and 2 days after injury (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the activities of pancreatic lipase and α-amylase in serum of rats among the 4 groups at various time points after injury (P>0.05). Compared with that of rats in sham injury+CCK8 group immediately after injury, the levels of IL-1β in pancreatic tissue of rats in severe scald+CCK8 group on 1, 2, and 3 days after injury and in extremely severe scald+CCK8 group on 1, 2, 3, and 7 days after injury were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the levels of IL-6 in pancreatic tissue of rats in severe scald+CCK8 group and extremely severe scald+CCK8 group were significantly increased on 1, 2, 3, and 7 days after injury (P<0.05). Compared with that in severe scald+CCK8 group, the IL-1β level in pancreatic tissue of rats in extremely severe scald+CCK8 group was significantly increased on 2 and 3 days after injury (P<0.05), and IL-6 level in pancreatic tissue was significantly increased on 2 days after injury (P<0.05). The expression levels of HIF-1α in pancreatic tissue of rats in simple sham injury group and sham injury+CCK8 group immediately after injury were lower; and compared with that in sham injury+CCK8 group immediately after injury, the expression levels of HIF-1α in pancreatic tissue of rats in the 2 scald groups increased to a certain extent at different time points after injury, and the expression position was transited from the edge of the pancreatic tissue to the whole pancreas, the expression levels of HIF-1α in pancreatic tissue of rats in the 2 scald groups tended to be normal on 7 days after injury. Compared with that in simple sham injury group immediately after injury, the proportion of acinar cell cytoplasm in pancreatic tissue of rats in sham injury+CCK8 group was increased; and with the increase of time after injury, edema, hemorrhage, necrosis, and inflammatory infiltration appeared in pancreatic tissue of rats in the 2 scald groups. Compared with that in severe scald+CCK8 group, the scores of edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, bleeding, and necrosis in pancreatic tissue of rats in extremely severe scald+CCK8 group were increased to varying degrees at various time points after injury, and the scores of pancreatic tissue of rats in the 2 scald groups basically recovered to normal on 7 days after injury. Compared with that in simple sham injury group immediately after injury, the number of enzyme granules in acinar cells of pancreatic tissue of rats in sham injury+CCK8 group was increased, and with the increase of time after injury, the enzyme granules in acinar cells of rats in the 2 scald groups were gradually reduced basically. Conclusions: The exocrine functions of pancreas, such as synthesis and secretion of pancreatic enzymes, are decreased in the early stage in severely scalded rats. And the greater the scalded area, the more significant the decline of pancreatic exocrine function. This change may be related to hypoxic injury and inflammation in pancreatic tissue after severe scald.
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Activation cross sections for reactions induced by 14 MeV neutrons on natural titanium. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 193:110636. [PMID: 36584411 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cross sections for the neutrons around 14 MeV interaction with natural titanium were precisely measured by neutron activation and off-line measurement technique. The fast neutrons were produced by 3H(d,n)4He reaction and the neutron energy was obtained by using the cross section ratio method of 90Zr(n,2n)89Zr to 93Nb(n,2n)92mNb reactions. Experimental cross sections have been acquired for natTi(n,x)46Sc, natTi(n,x)47Sc, 50Ti(n,x)47Ca and 48Ti(n,x)48Sc reactions. The measured cross section data are compared with the experimental data available in the previous literature and evaluated nuclear data from the ENDF/B-VIII.0, JEFF-3.3, JENDL-5, BROND-3.1, CENDL-3.2 and FENDL-3.2b libraries. Furthermore, excitation functions for these reactions were calculated by using the theoretical model based on Talys-1.96 code with default and adjusted parameters. Within experimental error, evaluated nuclear data are mostly consistent with experimental data. The excitation function with adjusted parameters can roughly reproduce the experimental data.
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Broadband UV-Excitation and Red/Far-Red Emission Materials for Plant Growth: Tunable Spectrum Conversion in Eu 3+,Mn 4+ Co-doped LaAl 0.7Ga 0.3O 3 Phosphors. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:3141-3152. [PMID: 36757896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Broadband ultraviolet (UV) excitation and red/far-red emission phosphors can effectively convert solar spectrum to enhance photosynthesis and promote morphogenesis in plants. Based on the above application requirements, Eu3+ single-doped LaAl1-yGayO3 solid solutions and Eu3+,Mn4+ codoped LaAl0.7Ga0.3O3 phosphors were designed and synthesized in this work. The LaAl0.7Ga0.3O3:0.05Eu3+ (LAG:Eu3+) phosphor exhibits a strong charge transfer band (CTB) excitation and characteristic 5D0 → 7F2 transition red emission (619 nm), which is very similar to the luminescence properties of Eu3+-organic ligand compound (EuL3). Rietveld refinement studies further revealed that the cation substitution disturbs the site symmetry. The optimal Eu3+, Mn4+ co-doped LaAl0.7Ga0.3O3 (LAG:Eu,Mn) phosphor possesses a dual-band excitation spectrum in broadband ultraviolet (UVA, UVB) area and a dual-band emission spectrum within red/far-red area. Under the sunlight radiation, the real-time spectrum of luminous laminated glasses fabricated by coating the LAG:Eu,Mn phosphor shows the percentage of radiant intensity in the red/far-red region significantly increases, suggesting that the phosphor can be a promising candidate for solar spectral conversion in plant cultivation. We believe this work provides a new idea for developing novel broadband ultraviolet excitation and red/far-red emission phosphors.
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DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXTENDED-RANGE BONNER SPHERE SPECTROMETER FOR CHINA INITIATIVE ACCELERATOR-DRIVEN SYSTEM. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2023; 199:152-163. [PMID: 36484699 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncac251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To measure the extended-range neutron spectra and calibrate the extended-range neutron dosemeters of the China initiative Accelerator-Driven System (CiADS), an Extended-range Bonner Sphere Spectrometer (EBSS) has been developed. The EBSS was designed based on the PHITS codes, investigating various combinations of materials and diameters of the neutron moderators and the neutron multipliers for extended-range neutrons. Finally, seven polyethylene-only spheres and seven extended-range spheres were selected and subsequently built. The neutron multipliers of the extended-range spheres embedded concentric shells of lead, copper and tungsten. The response functions of the EBSS were analyzed and experimentally validated. It was subsequently tested with 252Cf neutron source and cosmic ray neutron source. The results demonstrate that the EBSS is capable of accurately measuring neutron spectra.
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Liquid-like atoms in dense-packed solid glasses. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:1240-1245. [PMID: 35970963 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01327-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Revealing the microscopic structural and dynamic pictures of glasses is a long-standing challenge for scientists1,2. Extensive studies on the structure and relaxation dynamics of glasses have constructed the current classical picture3-5: glasses consist of some 'soft zones' of loosely bound atoms embedded in a tightly bound atomic matrix. Recent experiments have found an additional fast process in the relaxation spectra6-9, but the underlying physics of this process remains unclear. Here, combining extensive dynamic experiments and computer simulations, we reveal that this fast relaxation is associated with string-like diffusion of liquid-like atoms, which are inherited from the high-temperature liquids. Even at room temperature, some atoms in dense-packed metallic glasses can diffuse just as easily as they would in liquid states, with an experimentally determined viscosity as low as 107 Pa·s. This finding extends our current microscopic picture of glass solids and might help establish the dynamics-property relationship of glasses4.
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[Prognostic value of pulmonary hemodynamic parameters for predicting survival in acute coronary syndrome]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2022; 102:3012-3018. [PMID: 36229202 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220318-00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the characteristics and prognostic value of pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: From a prospective multicenter registry study of pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease, consecutive ACS patients who underwent coronary angiography in combination with left and right heart catheterization during hospitalization between January 2013 and November 2016 were involved. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. The prognostic variables identified by the Lasso analysis were included in the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score. Model performance was evaluated before and after the addition of hemodynamic parameters. Results: A total of 251 patients were enrolled, with age of (63.7±11.5) years. A total of 198 males (78.9%) and 53 females (21.1%) were recruited, and the median follow-up time was 34.7 months. Right heart catheterization-assessed mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (sPAP) and diastolic pressure gradient (DPG) were found to be significant predictors for survival in ACS. Adjusted for age and sex, the adjusted HR (95%CI) of mPAP, sPAP and DPG were 1.068 (1.015-1.123), 1.033 (1.002-1.065) and 1.094 (1.008-1.187), respectively (P<0.05). Applied to the present cohort of 251 patients, the median of the GRACE score was 123 points, with a C-index of 0.703 (95%CI: 0.615-0.791) for predicting mortality. After the addition of mPAP or DPG to the GRACE score, the C-index increased to 0.715 (95%CI: 0.629-0.801) or 0.711 (95%CI: 0.625-0.797), respectively. When comparing two models before and after the addition of mPAP or DPG, the integrated discriminatory index (IDI) was 4.3% (95%CI: 0.2%-13.5%, P=0.030) and 3.0% (95%CI: 0.2%-11.1%, P=0.020), respectively. Conclusion: Pulmonary hemodynamics can be predictive for survival in ACS patients, providing incremental prognostic value to risk assessment in ACS.
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1702P Comutations in DNA damage repair pathway and its correlations with potential biomarkers for colorectal cancer immunotherapy in a Chinese cohort. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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1283P Psychiatric disorders associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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758P A comprehensive analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in HPV-associated cancers. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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1102P Genomic alterations correlated with the expression of PD-L1 based on the next-generation sequencing in Chinese non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Gene Editing/Gene Therapies: AAV-MEDIATED GENE THERAPY PRODUCES FERTILE OFFSPRING IN THE LHCGR-DEFICIENT MOUSE MODEL OF LEYDIG CELL FAILURE. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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172MO Analysis of comutations in DNA damage repair (DDR) related pathways with immunotherapeutic biomarkers in Chinese lung cancer patients. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.02.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Evaluation of articular cartilage in knee osteoarthritis using hybrid multidimensional MRI. Clin Radiol 2022; 77:e518-e525. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lipid accumulation product is a reliable indicator for identifying metabolic syndrome: the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) Study. QJM 2022; 115:140-147. [PMID: 33367838 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that lipid accumulation product (LAP) was associated with the risk of cardiometabolic disease. It is not clear whether LAP could be used as a marker to identify metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Chinese ethnic groups. AIM To assess the reliability of LAP as a maker to identify MetS among Dong adults. DESIGN Population-based cross-sectional study. METHOD We included 6494 Dong individuals (1403 patients) aged 30-79 years from southwest China. MetS was established by Chinese Diabetes Society. Logistic regression model was utilized to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to calculate area under the ROC curve (AUC) and 95% CIs to obtain the identification ability for MetS. RESULTS The risk of MetS was increased with per 5 units increase of LAP (OR 1.37 [95% CI, 1.34-1.39]). Similar results were found in subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. Clustered metabolic risk associated with per 5 units increase of LAP was observed for people with 1 (OR 1.59 [95% CI, 1.53-1.65]), 2 (2.15 [2.06-2.24]), 3 (2.59 [2.48-2.71]), 4 (2.81 [2.69-2.95]) and 5 (3.03 [2.87-3.21]) MetS components. LAP presented higher AUC (0.915 [95% CI, 0.907-0.923]) than other included obesity indices (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION These data support evidence that LAP was related to the risk of MetS, had a high AUC and could be a reliable index for identifying MetS patients among Dong adults in Chinese.
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137P Phase I dose-finding study of a novel anti-CTLA-4 antibody ADG116 as monotherapy in patients with advanced solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.10.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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42P CAMOIP: A web server for comprehensive analysis on multi-omics of immunotherapy in pan-cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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470P Genomic landscape and its correlations with immunotherapy-related biomarkers in Chinese colorectal cancer patients. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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255P Propreseer: A reliable, collaborative prognostic model for tamoxifen-resistance breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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35P The effect of smoking on the immune microenvironment and immunogenicity and its relationship with the prognosis of immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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[Risk factors of occurrence and treatment failure of peritoneal dialysis-associated polymicrobial peritonitis: a multicenter retrospective study]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:1350-1357. [PMID: 34658349 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.09.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the risk factors of occurrence and treatment failure of peritoneal dialysis associatedperitonitis (PDAP) due to polymicrobial infections. METHODS We retrospectively collected the clinical data of patients with PDAP from the peritoneal dialysis (PD) centers in 4 general hospitals in Jilin Province from 2013 to 2019. The patients were divided, according to the results of peritoneal dialysate culture, into polymicrobial PDAP group and control group for comparison of the clinical data, treatment outcomes, and long-term prognosis. The independent risk factors of the occurrence and treatment failure of polymicrobial PDAP were explored using multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS We recruited a total of 625 patients from the 4 PD centers, among whom 1085 episodes of PDAP were recorded. Polymicrobial PDAP accounted for 7.6% of the total PDAP episodes, and this proportion increased from 5.3% in 2013-2016 to 9.4% in 2017-2019 (P= 0.012). Compared with the control group, polymicrobial PDAP group had higher proportions of elderly patients and patients with refractory PDAP, with greater white blood cell counts in the first-day dialysate and longer course of antibiotic treatment (P < 0.05). The risk of catheter removal and treatment failure (catheter removal or PDAP-related death) in polymicrobial PDAP group was 2.972 times (OR=2.972, 95% CI: 1.634-5.407, P < 0.001) and 2.692 times (OR=2.692, 95% CI: 1.578-4.591, P < 0.001) that in the control group, respectively. The risk of withdrawal from PD (technical failure + all-cause death) was 1.5- fold higher in polymicrobial PDAP group than that in the control group (OR=1.500, 95% CI: 1.085-2.074, P=0.014). Elderly patients (>65 years) had a 1.937-fold higher risk of experiencing polymicrobial PDAP than younger patients (OR=1.937, 95% CI: 1.207-3.109, P= 0.006). Diabetes mellitus (OR=5.554, 95% CI: 1.021-30.201, P=0.047), mixed fungal infeciton (OR=343.687, 95% CI: 21.554- 5480.144, P < 0.001), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection (OR=11.518, 95% CI: 1.632 to 81.310, P=0.014) were associated with increased risks of treatment failure by 4.554, 342.687 and 10.518 times, respectively. CONCLUSION The proportion of polymicrobial PDAP in the total PDAP cases tends to increase in recent years. Polymicrobial infection is an independent risk factor of both treatment failure and poor prognosis in patients with PDAP. An old age is an independent risk factor for polymicrobial PDAP, while diabetes mellitus and infections with mixed fungi or Pseudomonas aeruginosa are independent risk factors for treatment failure.
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Excitation functions of proton induced reactions on titanium and copper. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 173:109713. [PMID: 33865051 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Excitation functions of the Tnati(p,x)S43,47c, V48 and Cnatu(p,x)64Cu, Z62,65n reactions were measured in the energy range of 8.8-18.4 MeV by using the stacked-foil activation technique and off-line gamma spectroscopy. The irradiation was carried out at the superconducting linac of the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Besides, the reliability and effectiveness of theoretical data from the TALYS code, recommended data of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and evaluated nuclear data of the ENDF/B-VIII.0, JENDL-4.0/HE and PADF-2007 libraries were evaluated and verified by comparing with experimental data. Our experimental results agree with most of the available literature data. TALYS-1.95 code could not reproduce, in most cases, the experimental data. Evaluated nuclear data from the ENDF/B-VIII.0, JENDL-4.0/HE and PADF-2007 libraries are able to reproduce, in most cases, the experimental data trend. Recommended data of the IAEA are in good consistent with our work and most of the available literature data.
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[Morphological and histopathological evaluation of temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis induced by perforation of articular disc in rats]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2021; 56:86-93. [PMID: 34645241 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20200421-00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To establish the animal model of temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis (TMJOA) in rats induced by perforation of articular disc and evaluate the morphological characteristics and histopathological changes of the condyle of temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Methods: Eight male SD rats, purchased from Chongqing Medical University, were marked from No. 1 to No. 8 according to a random number table. The eight numbered rats were then arranged according to their sizes from large to small. The first four rats were divided into the one-week group, while the last four were divided into the four-week group. In order to simulate a TMJ disc perforation, an oblique incision was created along the zygomatic arch of the left side (the model side) making the TMJ superior joint space exposed. The left disc was pulled out and artificially perforated by a dental round bur with 1.5 mm diameter at the postmedian part of TMJ disc. The disc of the right side (the control side) was kept intact. The rats were randomly euthanized respectively at 1 week or 4 weeks (n=4 for each time point) for further study. Morphological observation and imaging examination were used to assess the degree of articular cartilage degradation and the loss of subchondral bone. Immunohistochemicalstaining (IHC), safranin O and fast green staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and haematoxylin staining were performed to evaluate the histopathological changes of condylar cartilage. Results: In the morphological observation, significant redness and swelling were observed on the model side of the 1-week-group and the typical beak-like change of osteoarthropathy was observed on the model side of the 4-week-group. The heights of condylar process on the model sides in the 1-week-group and 4-week-group [(2.73±0.14) and (2.49±0.25) cm, respectively] were significantly lower than that in the control side [(3.30±0.09) and (3.30±0.12) cm, respectively] (P<0.01). Imaging examination showed obvious damage in trabecular microstructure on the model side of the 4-week-group. Safranin O and fast green staining showed that the amounts of proteoglycan on the model sides of the 1-week-group and the 4-week-group were significantly lower than that on the control sides (P<0.01). TRAP staining showed that the numbers of osteoclasts on the model side of the 1-week-group and the 4-week-group was significantly higher than that on the control sides (P<0.01). IHC staining and Haematoxylin staining showed that the mean optical densities of collagen on the model side of the 1-week-group and the 4-week-group was significantly reduced compared with that on the control sides (P<0.01), while the mean optical densities of matrix metalloproteinase increased significantly (P<0.01). Conclusions: After making a articular disc perforation, the condylar cartilage on the model side presented typical TMJOA pathological changes.
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MiR-140-5p and miR-92a-3p suppress the cell proliferation, migration and invasion and promoted apoptosis in Wilms' tumor by targeting FRS2. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 24:97-108. [PMID: 31957822 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202001_19899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Wilms' tumor (WT) is the most common malignant renal tumor in children. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) function in the progression of various cancers. Recent reports have reported that miR-140-5p and miR-92a-3p are dysregulated in WT tissues, but the potential mechanisms of the two miRNAs in modulating WT progression are still poorly understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to detect the expression levels of miR-140-5p, miR-92a-3p, and fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2 (FRS2) in WT tissues and cells, as well as matched controls. 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry assay were employed to check cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. The abilities of cell migration and invasion were evaluated by transwell assay. The protein level of FRS2 in samples was measured by Western blot. The starBase was used to predict the binding sites between FRS2 and miR-140-5p or miR-92a-3p and the Dual-Luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the interaction. Xenograft tumor model was established to investigate the biological roles of the two miRNAs in WT in vivo. RESULTS The levels of miR-140-5p and miR-92a-3p were significantly downregulated in WT tissues and cells, while the expression of FRS2 was significantly upregulated. The two miRNAs both inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, and induced apoptosis of WT cells. Besides, FRS2 was a target of the two miRNAs and its overexpression reversed the effects of the two miRNAs-mediated suppression on WT progression. Moreover, the upregulation of the two miRNAs repressed tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS MiR-140-5p and miR-92a-3p attenuated the aggressive progression of WT via targeting FRS2.
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Detection of toxin B of Clostridium difficile based on immunomagnetic separation and aptamer-mediated colorimetric assay. Lett Appl Microbiol 2020; 71:596-604. [PMID: 32920822 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium difficile can cause antibiotic-associated diarrhoea or pseudo-membranous colitis in humans and animals. Currently, the various methods such as microbiological culture, cytotoxic assay, ELISA and polymerase chain reaction have been used to detect Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). These conventional methods, however, require long detection time and professional staff. The paper is to describe a simple strategy which employs immunomagnetic separation and aptamer-mediated colorimetric assay for the detection of toxin B of C. difficile (TcdB) in the stool samples. HRP-labelled aptamer against TcdB selected by SELEX was firstly captured on the surface of magnetic beads (MB) by DNA hybridization with a complementary strand. In the presence of TcdB, aptamer specifically recognized and bound TcdB, disturbing the DNA hybridization and causing the release of HRP-aptamer from MB. This reduced the catalytic capacity of HRP and consequently the absorption intensity. As there was a relationship between the decrease in the absorption intensity and target concentration, a quantitative analysis of TcdB can be accomplished by the measurement of the absorption intensity. Under the optimal conditions, the assay system is able to detect TcdB at a concentration down to 5 ng ml-1 . Moreover the method had specificity of 97% and sensitivity of 66% and the system remained excellent stability within 4 weeks. The proposed method is a valuable screening procedure for CDI and can be extended readily to detection of other clinically important pathogens.
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There "ain't no mountain high enough"?: The drivers, diversity and sustainability of China's Rhodiola trade. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 252:112379. [PMID: 31743765 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Across Asia, Rhodiola species have been used in Bhutanese, Mongolian, Nepalese, Kazakh, Kyrgyz and Uzbek traditional medical systems. China is globally significant in terms of Rhodiola species diversity, with over 60% (55 species) of the world's 90 Rhodiola species, including 16 species found nowhere else in the world. Since the late 1980's there has been a shift from relatively low demand for infusions using chopped dried Rhodiola roots, to high 21st century demand for a wide variety of processed products. China's trade in Rhodiola products is now very diverse, with use in cosmetics and foods in addition to herbal products. Rhodiola crenulata (Hook.f. & Thomson) H.Ohba is the most widely traded species in China. In addition to R. crenulata and Rhodiola rosea L., 19 Rhodiola other species are used. AIMS OF THE STUDY These were to: (i) better understand why adulteration occurs in Rhodiola products; (ii) become more aware of what drives the growing market demand for Rhodiola products in China; (iii) find out whether increased demand is reflected in wholesale prices for Rhodiola raw materials traditional medicine markets; (iv) to examine Rhodiola supply chains and (v) given that wild populations are the primary supply source, to review the implications of growing demand for conservation and sustainable use. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, we assessed growth in the diversity of Rhodiola products using three approaches: (i) by assessing patent applications for Rhodiola products in China (1990-2019); (ii) in 2018, through on-line searches of CFDA (China Food and Drug Administration) records for medicines and dietary supplements that had Rhodiola as an ingredient and (iii) by visiting retail stores in 2018 and 2019 to assess the diversity of commercial Rhodiola based products in trade. Secondly, we visited traditional medicine markets in Yunnan, Sichuan, and Qinghai provinces to investigate the trade in Rhodiola (folk taxonomy, trade names, prices, source areas, levels of processing and grading). Thirdly, we analysed the wholesale price data for Rhodiola raw materials in trade over a 16-year period (2002-2018). Fourthly, as most products come from wild collected Rhodiola species, we documented the extent of Rhodiola cultivation in China. RESULTS International exports of Rhodiola products from China, particularly extracts, is a major driver of commercial trade. One proxy indicator of Rhodiola product diversification in China has been the rapid rise in patent applications from single applications in 1990 and 1991, to a peak of 1017 patent applications in 2015. Wholesale price data from 2002 to 2018 shows a steady increase in wholesale prices. As the growing market for Rhodiola products in China is currently supplied entirely from wild collection, there are justifiable concerns about sustainability. Commercial cultivation needs to expand to meet future demand. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to Europe and North America, where R. rosea is the focal species in commerce, the trade in Rhodiola products in China is much more diverse. In the face of growing demand, both effective conservation of wild populations and cultivation are needed.
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Improvement of mapping vegetation cover for arid and semiarid areas using a local nonlinear modelling method and landsat images. RANGELAND JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/rj19081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Accurately estimating and mapping vegetation cover for monitoring land degradation and desertification of arid and semiarid areas using remotely sensed images is promising but challenging in remote, sparsely vegetated and large areas. In this study, a novel method – geographically weighted logistic regression (GWLR – integrating geographically weighted regression (GWR) and a logistic model) was proposed to improve vegetation cover mapping of Kangbao County, Hebei of China using Landsat 8 image and field data. Additionally, a new method to determine the bandwidth of GWLR is presented. Using cross-validation, GWLR was compared with a globally linear stepwise regression (LSR), a local linear modelling method GWR and a nonparametric method, k-nearest neighbours (kNN) with varying numbers of nearest plots. Results demonstrated (1) the red and near infrared relevant band ratios and vegetation indices significantly improved mapping; (2) the GWLR, GWR and kNN methods led to more accurate predictions than LSR; (3) GWLR reduced overestimations and underestimations compared with LSR, kNN and GWR, and also eliminated negative and very large estimates caused by GWR and LSR; and (4) The maximum distance of spatial autocorrelation could be used to determine the bandwidth for GWLR. Overall, GWLR proved more promising for mapping vegetation cover of arid and semiarid areas.
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MiR-181a promotes growth of thyroid cancer cells by targeting tumor suppressor RB1. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2019; 21:5638-5647. [PMID: 29271997 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201712_14007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRs) are critical regulators in cancer development and progression. The current study aimed to investigate the expression and potential function of miR-181a in thyroid cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 15 paired thyroid cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues were subjected to Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to evaluate miR-181a expression. 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or flow cytometry was employed to assess the growth activity, apoptosis and cell cycle, respectively, upon modulation of the miR-181a expression in TPC-1 cells. Western blot was used to assess protein expression. The interaction between miR-181a and RB1 was tested by luciferase activity assay. RESULTS The expression of miR-181a was significantly upregulated in thyroid cancer tissues compared with the adjacent tissues. Inhibition of miR-181a attenuated cell growth, which could be abrogated by miR-181a co-transfection. MiR-181a overexpression reduced apoptosis and promoted cell cycle progression; inhibition of miR-181a exerted opposite effects on both cell cycle and apoptosis. MiR-181a directly suppressed RB1 expression. RB1 expression in tumor tissues was downregulated and negatively correlated with miR-181a expression. CONCLUSIONS miR-181a plays an oncogenic role in thyroid cancer; by targeting RB1, it promotes cell cycle progression and inhibits apoptosis.
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[Review on the etiology and complications of hand, foot and mouth disease, using data from the national sentinel surveillance program, in China, 2015-2016]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2019; 40:627-632. [PMID: 31238609 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the characteristics relating to the etiology and complications of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) based on data from the pilot National Sentinel Surveillance (NSS) program so as to explore the feasibility, advantages and disadvantages of the NSS. Methods: Data were extracted from the NSS system, conducted in 11 provinces of China from November 2015 to October 2016. Characteristics regarding the etiology, complications of HFMD and factors related to the positive rates of HFMD specimens were analyzed under the logistic regression method by SPSS 20.0 software. Results: A total of 4 783 specimens were collected, including 3 390 from mild, 1 390 from severe and 3 from death cases. The overall positive rate was 81.43% (3 895/4 783). Other enteroviruses (non EV71/Cox A16 enteroviruses) appeared the major serotype (52.68%, 1 482/2 813) for mild infection of the disease while EV71 was for the severe cases (65.31%, 706/1 081). The serotype spectrum revealed by the pilot NSS was almost identical with the existing surveillance system. Other enteroviruses tended to infect younger children (χ(2)=130.17, P<0.001) than EV71 and Cox A16, in China. The multivariate logistic regression results showed that higher positive rate was associated with specimens which were collected from males, at children' hospitals, in peak seasons, timely and in stools. The positive rates presented downwarding trends with the extension of the onset-sampling interval (χ(2)=14.47, P<0.001 in stool specimen; χ(2)=31.99, P<0.001 in throat swab; χ(2)=24.26, P<0.001 in anal swab). Aseptic meningitis, non-brainstem encephalitis and brainstem encephalitis appeared the top three complications of both EV71-associated and other enteroviruses-associated severe HFMD cases. Conclusions: Factors as gender, season/place/timeliness of specimen collection, and types of hospital all appeared independently influenced the positive rates. NSS seemed feasible to be used as an alternative or supplement tool to the existing surveillance program in China.
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[Biomarkers screening for viral myocarditis through proteomics analysis of plasma exosomes]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2019; 99:343-348. [PMID: 30772974 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare and analyze the differentially expressed plasma exosomic proteome between healthy control group (Control group) and viral myocarditis group (VMC group) to search for biomarkers that maybe used for early diagnosis of VMC. Methods: Fifty plasma samples of Control group and VMC group were collected respectively from Henan Provincial People's Hospital (from January 2016 to December 2017), and then 5 samples (1 ml) of each group were selected randomly, after exosomes extraction with ultra-centrifugation, difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) was used to isolate the total proteins, and then the protein spots with more than 2-fold changes between VMC and Control group were picked up after the software analysis, afterward, the varied proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. Finally, the specifically related protein was selected to be verified by ELISA with the plasma exosomic samples of Control (n=40) and VMC (n=40). Results: A total of 10 varied protein spots were found including 8 up-regulated proteins and 2 down-regulated proteins between VMC and Control group. After MS analysis, the up-regulated proteins in VMC group contained KRT2, KRT5, KRT9, KRT77, KRT78, AZGP1, HP and RBP4, whereas the down-regulated ones were CD5L and C1QB. RBP4 was selected to validate by ELISA analysis, and the corresponding results showed that RBP4 was increased specifically in plasma exosomes of VMC group (P<0.05) after comparing with Control group, which was consistent with DIGE. Conclusion: Ten proteins related to VMC are detected in total, and RBP4 might serve as a potential specific biomarker for early screening and diagnosis of VMC.
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Shear-band affected zone revealed by magnetic domains in a ferromagnetic metallic glass. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4414. [PMID: 30356051 PMCID: PMC6200802 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06919-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic deformation of metallic glasses (MGs) has long been considered to be confined to nanoscale shear bands, but recently an affected zone around the shear band was found. Yet, due to technical limitations, the shear-band affected zone (SBAZ), which is critical for understanding shear banding and design of ductile MGs, has yet to be precisely identified. Here, by using magnetic domains as a probe with sufficiently high sensitivity and spatial resolution, we unveil the structure of SBAZs in detail. We demonstrate that shear banding is accompanied by a micrometer-scale SBAZ with a gradient in the strain field, and multiple shear bands interact through the superimposition of SBAZs. There also exists an ultra-long-range gradual elastic stress field extending hundreds of micrometers away from the shear band. Our findings provide a comprehensive picture on shear banding and are important for elucidating the micro-mechanisms of plastic deformation in glasses. Metallic glasses deform along nanoscale shear bands, and while it is known that they affect the neighboring glass regions, exactly how is unclear. Here, the authors use magnetic force microscopy to atomically resolve the shear-band affected zone and show its effects extends much further than previously thought.
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Enteric glial cell activation protects enteric neurons from damage due to diabetes in part via the promotion of neurotrophic factor release. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13368. [PMID: 29740907 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes can result in pathological changes to enteric nervous system. Our aim was to test the dynamic changes of enteric neurons and identify the role of enteric glial cells (EGCs) in regulating enteric neuron expression in diabetic rats. METHODS A single injection of streptozotocin (STZ) was used to establish diabetic rats. Animals were randomly distributed into diabetic 1-, 4-, 8-, and 16-week groups, as well as age-matched control groups. The PGP9.5- and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-immunopositive cells were quantified by immunohistochemistry. The protein levels of PGP9.5, ChAT, nNOS, S-100β, and c-fos were determined by western blotting. The levels of nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin 3 (NT-3), and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) were tested by ELISA. KEY RESULTS An increase in blood glucose and a decrease in body weight were observed following STZ administration. PGP9.5 expression did not change in the diabetic ileum. However, ChAT increased after 16 weeks, and nNOS decreased after 8 and 16 weeks in the ilea of diabetic rats. The absence of degeneration of enteric neurons during the acute stage of the disease could be the consequence of the up-regulation of GFAP, S-100β, and c-fos. Moreover, the content of NGF, NT-3, and GDNF in the ileum increased by varying degrees after 1 and/or 4 weeks of diabetes. Using 2 co-culture models of EGCs and SH-SY5Y cells in a high glucose condition, the supportive role of EGCs was further confirmed. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Enteric glial cell activation can protect enteric neurons from damage due to diabetes in the acute stage of the disease, in part via the promotion of neurotrophin release.
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High altitude species, high profits: Can the trade in wild harvested Fritillaria cirrhosa (Liliaceae) be sustained? JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 223:142-151. [PMID: 29751123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don bulbs contain alkaloids and are one of the most intensively exploited alpine Himalayan medicinal species. In terms of proprietary medicines, our study shows that 210 F. cirrhosa products are offered by 46 suppliers, most of which (44) are situated in China and two in Nepal. A widespread commercial use is as one of the main ingredients in cough syrups. A well known example is "Nin Jiom Pei Pa Koa Herbal Cough & Throat Syrup", which typically contains more F. cirrhosa than any other herbal ingredient in the formulation. The biggest market for F. cirrhosa bulbs is China, where demand exceeds supply of this wild harvested species for use in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Cross-border trade from Nepal to China occurs in significant quantities. Bhutan also imports F. cirrhosa bulbs from Nepal. In addition, F. cirrhosa is registered as an active ingredient in traditional herbal medicinal preparations in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong SAR, Malaysia, Republic of Korea, Singapore and Taiwan. There is also an export trade in F. cirrhosa to Europe. Assessing how much F. cirrhosa is traded is complex, however, due to a "look-alike" challenge, as nine Chinese Fritillaria species are traded in Europe (Fritillaria cirrhosa, F. delavayi, F. hupehensis, F. pallidiflora, F. przewalskii, F. thunbergii, F. unibracteata, F. ussuriensis and F. walujewii). AIMS OF THE STUDY The aims of this review were to assess the scale of the global trade in F. cirrhosa, and to synthesise studies of the impacts of wild harvest on F. cirrhosa populations and on the extent of emerging cultivation initiatives as an alternative to wild harvest. METHODS Firstly, we reviewed published information on studies on impacts of wild F. cirrhosa harvest from across the geographic range of this species. Secondly, global trade data for F. cirrhosa were analysed. RESULTS The principal demand for F. cirrhosa bulbs is in China, where hundreds of different companies produce Fritillaria preparations. Trade data also show that in 2013, China exported over 44 tonnes of F. cirrhosa bulbs to Taiwan and 26.7 tonnes to the Republic of Korea. Extensive commercial use and limited wild stocks result in a high price (2000 - 3800 CNY per kg (around US$ 303 -560 per kg in 2017)) for F. cirrhosa bulbs. Prices of cultivated Fritillaria bulbs are much lower (600-680 CNY per kg in 2017) than wild harvested bulbs. But due to very specific growth requirements of F. cirrhosa, cultivation is not yet able to meet total demand. The consequence is continued exploitation of wild stocks. At the same time, however, an increasing proportion of the demand is met by cultivation of alternative Fritillaria species that are easier to grow than F. cirrhosa. The air-dry mass of F. cirrhosa bulbs varies between 0.0917 and 0.1116 g per bulb. This represents 8960 - 10,900 bulbs/kg or 8.9 - 10.9 million bulbs per tonne. Current demand therefore represents billions of bulbs per year. CONCLUSIONS Demand for F. cirrhosa bulbs, particularly from China, makes this species one of the most intensively harvested alpine Himalayan medicinal bulbs. Although F. cirrhosa is listed as a Class III protected species in China, billions of these tiny, wild harvested bulbs are sold per year. Due to demand exceeding supply, the price of F. cirrhosa bulbs has increased dramatically. Between 2002 and 2017, for example, the price of wild harvested F. cirrhosa bulbs increased over nine-fold, from the equivalent of US$60 in 2002 to US$560 per kg in 2017. To date, cultivation has been unable to meet the entire market demand for F. cirrhosa bulbs, although other Fritillaria species are successfully cultivated on a larger scale.
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Paris in the spring: A review of the trade, conservation and opportunities in the shift from wild harvest to cultivation of Paris polyphylla (Trilliaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 222:208-216. [PMID: 29727736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE P. polyphylla Smith is used in traditional medicine in China, India and Nepal and is likely to be similarly used through most of its geographic range. China is at the centre of demand for P. polyphylla where it is used as an ingredient in several very successful Chinese medicinal herbal formulations. The Chinese e-commerce platform 'alibaba.com', for example, lists 97 P. polyphylla items offered by 46 Asian suppliers, of which 21 are situated in the Chinese mainland, 12 in Nepal, 7 in India, 2 in Pakistan, and 1 each in Bhutan, Hong Kong, Thailand, and Vietnam. Products offered include the crude drug (dried whole or cut rhizomes), extracts and formulations containing this herbal drug. AIMS OF THE REVIEW The aims of this review were to assess the scale of the P. polyphylla trade, reviewing evidence on the impacts of wild harvest on P. polyphylla populations and on the role of cultivation as an alternative to wild harvest. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, we reviewed published information on Paris population biology and studies on impacts of wild P. polyphylla harvest from across the geographic range of this species. Secondly, global trade data for P. polyphylla were analysed. Thirdly, we reviewed published information on P. polyphylla cultivation and made field visits to P. polyphylla cultivation areas in Yunnan and Sichuan. RESULTS Since the 1980s, there has been a 400-fold increase in the market price paid in China for P. polyphylla rhizomes, from 2.7 Chinese Yuan (CNY) per kg in the 1980s to market prices up to 1100 CNY per kg in 2017. Cross-border trade in dried P. polyphylla rhizomes occurs at three different scales. Firstly, an internal, national trade of P. polyphylla rhizomes within countries (such as India, Nepal and China). Secondly, trade in P. polyphylla rhizomes from Nepal (and possibly from Bhutan) to the two range states that have the largest traditional medicine trade in the world: China and India. Thirdly, trade in processed herbal products. In China, for example, P. polyphylla is widely used as an ingredient in several very successful herbal products, including a famous first aid treatment to stop bleeding. Some of these products are exported globally, in addition to entering into regional trade. Trade data in our review shows that c. 800-1050 t of P. polyphylla rhizomes are sold annually, significantly more than recorded in earlier studies. China is the only country where P. polyphylla is cultivated on a significant scale, although small-scale cultivation is taking place in India and Nepal. CONCLUSIONS Based on the criteria for the inclusion of species in CITES Appendix II (Art. IV 2(a)), there is compelling evidence for adding Paris polyphylla. At the same time, cultivation of P. polyphylla outside of high conservation value habitats needs to be encouraged and supported. One way of doing this may be to develop separate, traceable supply chains for cultivated supplies in order to distinguish them from wild harvested stocks.
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[Severe cases with hand, foot and mouth disease: data based on national pilot hand, foot and mouth disease surveillance system]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2017. [PMID: 28647978 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical severity, etiological classification and risk factors of severe cases with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Methods: A total of 1 489 records on severe and fatal HFMD cases reported to the national pilot surveillance system of HFMD were used to analyze the demographic, medical treatment, etiological classification of the cases. Treatment outcome related risk factors were also studied with multi-variable stepwise logistic regression method. Results: Seven out of the 1 489 severe HFMD cases died of this disease. A total of 960 (72.9%) were under three years old and 62.9% were male and most of the cases (937, 62.9%) resided in rural areas. Among all the cases, 494 (33.2%) went to seek the first medical assistance at the institutions of village or township level. Durations between disease onset and first medical attendance, being diagnosed as the disease or diagnosed as severe cases were 0(0-1) d, 1 (0-2) d and 2 (1-4) d, respectively. In total, 773 (51.9%) of the severe HFMD cases were diagnosed as with aseptic meningitis, 260 (17.5%) with brainstem encephalitis, 377 (25.3%) with non-brainstem encephalitis, 6 (0.4%) with encephalomyelitis, 1 (0.1%) with acute flaccid paralysis, 4 (0.3%) with pulmonary hemorrhage/pulmonary edema and 68 (4.6%) with cardiopulmonary failure. Of the etiologically diagnosed 1 217 severe and fatal HFMD cases, 642 (52.8%) were with EV71, other enterovirus 261 (21.5%), Cox A16 36 (3.0%), 1 (0.1%) with both EV71 and Cox A16. However, 277 (22.8%) showed negative on any pathogenic virus. Complication (Z=3.15, P=0.002) and duration between onset and diagnosed as severe cases (Z=3.95, P<0.001) were shown as key factors related to treatment outcomes. Conclusions: Most severe HFMD cases appeared in boys, especially living in the rural areas. Frequently seen complications would include aseptic meningitis, non-brainstem encephalitis and brainstem encephalitis. EV71 was the dominant etiology for severe and fatal cases. Early diagnosis and complication control were crucial, related to the treatment outcome of HFMD.
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Copper complexes with 4(3H)-quinazolinone: Thermal gravimetric analysis and anticancer activity of [Cu(L)2(H2O)2(NO3)2], [Cu(L–)(NO3)]
n
, and [Cu(L)2(H2O)2(Cl)2]. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328417040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Therapy of tacrolimus combined with corticosteroids in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e5976. [PMID: 28355356 PMCID: PMC5423753 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20175976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus (TAC) combined with corticosteroids in treating patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). One hundred seventy-seven biopsy-proven IMN patients were recruited in this retrospective clinical study. Sixty patients received TAC (target blood concentration of 4–8 ng/mL) and 117 patients received daily cyclophosphamide (CYC, 100 mg) combined with prednisone. Remission rates at the end of the first, second and third month in the TAC group were significantly higher than that in the CYC group (1st: 35.0 vs 19.7%, P<0.05; 2nd: 56.7 vs 38.5%, P<0.05; 3rd: 76.7 vs 59.0%, P<0.05). In the first 3 months, daily urinary protein and serum albumin in the TAC group obtained a better improvement than that in the CYC group (P<0.05). At the end of the sixth and the twelfth month, the remission rates, daily urinary protein and serum albumin were all comparable between the two groups (P>0.05). No significant difference of relapse rate between the groups was found (16.3 vs 12.0%, P>0.05). Patients were more likely to develop glucose intolerance in the TAC group. The TAC regimen obtained more benefits in treating IMN patients, especially in the first 3 months, than the CYC regimen.
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Nanoporous FeP nanorods grown on Ti plate as an enhanced binder-free hydrogen evolution cathode. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:105705. [PMID: 28164863 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa52d3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A porous and interconnected nanorod-like FeP structure on titanium plate has been fabricated by a simple hydrothermal method and followed by a calcination process. The nanorod is assembled by many paralleled FeP nanowires with a porous structure. With the porous surface structure of FeP nanorods and the synergetic effect from the electronic conductive Ti support, this binder-free FeP electrode brings about a desirable electrocatalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), showing a low onset overpotential of 23 mV and a small Tafel slope of 39 mV dec-1. Meanwhile, its catalytic activity could be maintained almost unchanged for at least 12 h in an acidic solution. This work provides us an effective HER electrocatalyst which can be easily produced on a large scale and at low cost.
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Fast Surface Dynamics of Metallic Glass Enable Superlatticelike Nanostructure Growth. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:016101. [PMID: 28106461 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.016101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Contrary to the formation of complicated polycrystals induced by general crystallization, a modulated superlatticelike nanostructure, which grows layer by layer from the surface to the interior of a Pd_{40}Ni_{10}Cu_{30}P_{20} metallic glass, is observed via isothermal annealing below the glass transition temperature. The generation of the modulated nanostructure can be solely controlled by the annealing temperature, and it can be understood based on the fast dynamic and liquidlike behavior of the glass surface. The observations have implications for understanding the glassy surface dynamics and pave a way for the controllable fabrication of a unique and sophisticated nanostructure on a glass surface to realize the properties' modification.
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[Gα11 expression and effect of sildenafil in muscularization of non-muscular pulmonary arterioles in rat with pulmonary arterial hypertension]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2016; 96:1762-5. [PMID: 27356645 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.22.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate expression changes and role of Gα11 protein in the processes of muscularization of non-muscular pulmonary arterioles and effect of sildenafil intervention in rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). METHODS Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, including normal control group, monocrotaline (MCT) group and sildenafil group; PAH model was prepared with 50 mg/kg MCT treatment for 4 weeks in the MCT group, and these rats were treated by 25 mg/kg sildenafil for 2 weeks after PAH formation in the sildenafil group, and the normal control group were treated with the equal amounts of physiological saline instead of monocrotaline; pulmonary artery pressure was measured with jugular vein catheterization; hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining method was used to detect the pulmonary arteriolar morphology and vascular tissue parameters; expression of the target Gα11 protein, vascular smooth muscle marker osteopontin (OPN) and proliferation marker proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was detected by Western blot. RESULTS Pulmonary artery mean pressure (mPAP), non-muscular pulmonary arterioles wall thickness index (TI) and area index (AI) of the MCT group were higher than those of the normal control group[(27.43±3.97) vs (11.93±1.52) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), 0.49±0.07 vs 0.31±0.09 and 0.74±0.05 vs 0.45±0.10](all P<0.05), and meanwhile the expression levels of Gα11 and the related proteins including OPN and PCNA were significantly enhanced. mPAP, TI and AI[(18.59±1.44) mmHg, 0.39±0.09 and 0.56±0.04]of the sildenafil group were all lower than those of the MCT group (all P<0.05), and furthermore, expressions of Gα11, OPN and PCNA also reduced in line with these changes. CONCLUSION Gα11 protein plays a role in the development of PAH and pulmonary non-muscular arteriole muscularization, and sildenafil effectively suppresses PAH and pulmonary vascular remodeling by inhibiting Gα11 expression.
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Two quinazolinone-2-carboxylic acid copper(II) complexes synthesized by 4(3H)-quinazolinone-2-ethylformate high-temperature hydrolysis: Fluorescent and anticancer activity. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15533174.2016.1149722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Memory Effect Manifested by a Boson Peak in Metallic Glass. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:175901. [PMID: 27176528 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.175901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We explore the correlation between a boson peak and structural relaxation in a typical metallic glass. Consistent with enthalpy recovery, a boson peak shows a memory effect in an aging-and-scan procedure. Single-step isothermal aging produces a monotonic decrease of enthalpy and boson peak intensity; for double-step isothermal aging, both enthalpy and boson peak intensity experience, coincidently, an incipient increase to a maximum and a subsequent decrease toward the equilibrium state. Our results indicate a direct link between slow structural relaxation and fast boson peak dynamics, which presents a profound understanding of the two dynamic behaviors in glass.
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