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Phylogenomic analyses sheds new light on the phylogeny and diversification of Corydalis DC. in Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains and adjacent regions. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024; 193:108023. [PMID: 38342159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains (HHM), a renowned biodiversity hotspot of the world, harbors the most extensive habitats for alpine plants with extraordinary high levels of endemism. Although the general evolution pattern has been elucidated, the underlying processes driving spectacular radiations in many species-rich groups remain elusive. Corydalis DC. is widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere containing more than 500 species, with high diversity in HHM and adjacent regions. Using 95 plastid genes, 3,258,640 nuclear single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and eight single-copy nuclear genes (SCNs) generated from genome skimming data, we reconstructed a robust time-calibrated phylogeny of Corydalis comprising more than 100 species that represented all subgenera and most sections. Molecular dating indicated that all main clades of Corydalis began to diverge in the Eocene, with the majority of extant species in HHM emerged from a diversification burst after the middle Miocene. Global pattern of mean divergence times indicated that species distributed in HHM were considerably younger than those in other regions, particularly for the two most species-rich clades (V and VI) of Corydalis. The early divergence and the recent diversification of Corydalis were most likely promoted by the continuous orogenesis and climate change associated with the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Our study demonstrates the effectivity of phylogenomic analyses with genome skimming data on the phylogeny of species-rich taxa, and sheds lights on how the uplift of QTP has triggered the evolutionary radiations of large plant genera in HHM and adjacent regions.
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Measurements of All-Particle Energy Spectrum and Mean Logarithmic Mass of Cosmic Rays from 0.3 to 30 PeV with LHAASO-KM2A. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:131002. [PMID: 38613275 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.131002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
We present the measurements of all-particle energy spectrum and mean logarithmic mass of cosmic rays in the energy range of 0.3-30 PeV using data collected from LHAASO-KM2A between September 2021 and December 2022, which is based on a nearly composition-independent energy reconstruction method, achieving unprecedented accuracy. Our analysis reveals the position of the knee at 3.67±0.05±0.15 PeV. Below the knee, the spectral index is found to be -2.7413±0.0004±0.0050, while above the knee, it is -3.128±0.005±0.027, with the sharpness of the transition measured with a statistical error of 2%. The mean logarithmic mass of cosmic rays is almost heavier than helium in the whole measured energy range. It decreases from 1.7 at 0.3 PeV to 1.3 at 3 PeV, representing a 24% decline following a power law with an index of -0.1200±0.0003±0.0341. This is equivalent to an increase in abundance of light components. Above the knee, the mean logarithmic mass exhibits a power law trend towards heavier components, which is reversal to the behavior observed in the all-particle energy spectrum. Additionally, the knee position and the change in power-law index are approximately the same. These findings suggest that the knee observed in the all-particle spectrum corresponds to the knee of the light component, rather than the medium-heavy components.
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[Effects of nasal valve on subjective nasal patency and nasal resistance: a correlation study on numerical simulation of nasal airflow]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2024; 59:212-218. [PMID: 38561258 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20230911-00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the correlations between subjective nasal patency, nasal valve area size and aerodynamic parameters in normal nasal cavity by means of numerical simulation, and to explore the effect of nasal valve on nasal subjective sensation and nasal airflow regulation. Methods: A total of 52 healthy participants (31 males and 21 females) with the average age of 37.8 years, were recruited from the outpatient Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to the Medical College of Shanghai Jiao Tong University between January and August 2023. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores for unilateral nasal subjective sensation were obtained from all participants. Additionally, the aerodynamic characteristics of inspiratory airflow were simulated. A correlation matrix analysis was conducted to identify the correlation strength between these subjective and objective parameters. Results: VAS scores showed negative correlations with unilateral nasal valve cross-sectional area (r=-0.85, P<0.01) and unilateral intranasal airflow (r=-0.57, P<0.01), and was a positive correlation with unilateral nasal resistance (NR) at the front-end of inferior turbinate (r=0.61, P<0.01). The average cross-sectional area of unilateral nasal valve was (0.85±0.35) cm2. The cross-sectional area of unilateral nasal valve was negatively correlated with unilateral NR (r=-0.50, P<0.01), and positively correlated with unilateral nasal airflow (r=0.61, P<0.01). The NR at the nasal valve area accounted for (40.41±23.54)% of the total unilateral NR. Nearly half of the unilateral NR [(46.74±21.38)%] and air warming [(49.96±10.02)%] occurring before the front end of inferior turbinate were achieved. Conclusions: The nasal valve area plays a crucial role in influencing nasal NR, unilateral nasal airflow, and changes in nasal airflow temperature. Moreover, it is associated with subjective perception of nasal patency.
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Measurement of Ultra-High-Energy Diffuse Gamma-Ray Emission of the Galactic Plane from 10 TeV to 1 PeV with LHAASO-KM2A. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:151001. [PMID: 37897763 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.151001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
The diffuse Galactic γ-ray emission, mainly produced via interactions between cosmic rays and the interstellar medium and/or radiation field, is a very important probe of the distribution, propagation, and interaction of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. In this Letter, we report the measurements of diffuse γ rays from the Galactic plane between 10 TeV and 1 PeV energies, with the square kilometer array of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). Diffuse emissions from the inner (15°10 TeV). The energy spectrum in the inner Galaxy regions can be described by a power-law function with an index of -2.99±0.04, which is different from the curved spectrum as expected from hadronic interactions between locally measured cosmic rays and the line-of-sight integrated gas content. Furthermore, the measured flux is higher by a factor of ∼3 than the prediction. A similar spectrum with an index of -2.99±0.07 is found in the outer Galaxy region, and the absolute flux for 10≲E≲60 TeV is again higher than the prediction for hadronic cosmic ray interactions. The latitude distributions of the diffuse emission are consistent with the gas distribution, while the longitude distributions show clear deviation from the gas distribution. The LHAASO measurements imply that either additional emission sources exist or cosmic ray intensities have spatial variations.
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A tera-electron volt afterglow from a narrow jet in an extremely bright gamma-ray burst. Science 2023:eadg9328. [PMID: 37289911 DOI: 10.1126/science.adg9328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Some gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have a tera-electron volt (TeV) afterglow, but the early onset of this has not been observed. We report observations with the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory of the bright GRB 221009A, which serendipitously occurred within the instrument field of view. More than 64,000 photons >0.2 TeV were detected within the first 3000 seconds. The TeV flux began several minutes after the GRB trigger, then rose to a peak about 10 seconds later. This was followed by a decay phase, which became more rapid ~650 seconds after the peak. We interpret the emission using a model of a relativistic jet with half-opening angle ~0.8°. This is consistent with the core of a structured jet and could explain the high isotropic energy of this GRB.
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[Ventilation and appearance should be simultaneously considered during the diagnosis and surgery of nasal septum deviation]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2023; 58:311-315. [PMID: 36992639 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20220728-00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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[Study on static parameters of internal nasal valve in 3-dimensional model of nasal cavity space]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2023; 58:206-211. [PMID: 36878498 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20220618-00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To identify the internal nasal valve (INV) and to evaluate its key parameters in the established 3D models of nasal cavity space via Mimics from CT images, in order to provide evidence for quantitative diagnosis of nasal valve compromise. Methods: A total of 32 Han adults without nasal diseases who underwent maxillofacial CT test in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively recruited, including 16 males and 16 females, with the age ranged from 20 to 80 years (50% age<50 years old). Maxillofacial CT images were used to create 3D model of nasal cavity space. The INV was identified and the following parameters were measured: the angle between the INV and the nasal bone (θINV-B), unilateral cross-sectional area of the INV (AINV-R, AINV-L), total cross-sectional area of the INV (AINV), unilateral height of the INV (HINV-R, HINV-L), unilateral nasal valve angle (αINV-R, αINV-L), and the sum of nasal valve angle (αINV). The AINV in our study was compared with the results of the previously adopted planes (PlaneC, perpendicular to the hard palate and PlaneB, plane perpendicular to the nasal bone). The parameters above were compared among genders, age and race groups. SPSS 26 and GraphPad Prism 9 software were used for statistical analysis and mapping of data. Results: The AINV in our study was (214.87±52.94) mm², which was significantly less than that of PlaneC (254.97±47.80) mm² and PlaneB (226.07±57.36) mm². The measured parameters were as follows: θINV-B was (82.07±7.06)°; AINV-R was (112.66±31.39) mm²; AINV-L was (102.21±27.14) mm²; AINV was (214.87±52.94) mm²; HINV-R was (24.87±4.62) mm; HINV-L was (24.35±4.86) mm; αINV-R was (20.48±2.99)°; αINV-L was (19.65±3.82)°; αINV was (40.13±6.24)°. The AINV-R was larger than AINV-L (t=2.33, P<0.05); The HINV, AINV-R, AINV-L and AINV of males were more than those of females (t value was 5.77, 3.21, 2.91 and 3.52, respectively, all P<0.01). The AINV of the young group (<50 years) was larger than that of the old group (t=2.83, P<0.01); The θINV-B was different between the Han people and the Caucasian (t=2.92,P<0.01). The αINV of the Han people was larger than that of Caucasians (Z=-6.92, P<0.01), but the HINV was smaller (Z=-3.89, P<0.01). Conclusion: The AINV carried out in 3D models of nasal cavity space is significantly smaller than that obtained by the previous methods of CT evaluation. INV static parameters differ among genders, age and race groups.
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[MRI histogram texture analysis of lateral pterygoid muscle in patients with temporomandibular disorders]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2020; 55:963-968. [PMID: 33280361 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20200514-00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the functional changes of lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) in the patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) using histogram texture analysis. Methods: A total of 28 TMD patients, including 15 males and 13 females, aged (26.2±12.1) years (15-62 years), were enrolled in the outpatient clinic of Department of Radiology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital from May 2016 to April 2020. At the same time, 13 volunteers with normal temporomandibular joint [6 males and 7 females, aged (23.5±3.3) years (20-30) years] were recruited. All participants were performed with temporomandibular joint MRI scan, and the subjects were classified into 3 groups according to the disc displacement: TMD with disc without displacement (TMD-DwoD), TMD with disc displacement without reduction (TMD-DDwoR) and NC with disc displacement without reduction (NC-DwoD) for each temporomandibular joint. The area, signal intensity, coefficient of variation (CV) of mean signal intensity and histogram texture of the superior belly of LPM (SBLPM) and inferior belly of LPM (IBLPM) were measured using regions of interests. Results: The area of SILPM presented significantly smaller in TMD-DwoD [(67.36±30.23) mm2] compared with that in NC-DwoD [(91.42±45.01) mm2] (P<0.05) and in TMD-DDwoR group [(72.27±37.53) mm2] (P>0.05). The mean signal intensity of SBLPM was identified significantly higher in TMD-DwoD (304.20±29.90) and TMD-DDwoR (315.06±40.20) compared with that in NC-DwoD (269.79±25.54) (P<0.05). The CV of mean signal intensity of SBLPM presented significantly higher in TMD-DwoD (8.89±2.60) compared with that in NC-DwoD (6.76±1.82) and TMD-DDwoR (7.63±1.62) (P<0.05). The skew and kurtosis showed no significantly differences among three groups for SBLPM (P>0.05). The mean signal intensity and CV for IBLPM presented significantly higher in TMD-DwoD (286.69±23.48 and 9.96±2.24, respectively) and TMD-DDwoR (275.98±30.55 and 10.25±1.96, respectively) compared with that in NC-DwoD (243.56±17.04 and 8.49±1.94, respectively) (P<0.05). The skewness showed significantly lower in TMD-DwoD (0.90±0.94) and TMD-DDwoR (0.73±0.97) compared with that in NC-DwoD (1.40±1.03) (P<0.05). The area and kurtosis for IBLPM showed no significant differences among three groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: The MR histogram texture analysis could primarily be considered as a tool to evaluate the LPM function in TMD patients.
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[Evaluation of histological changes of retrodisc attached tissue in patients with temporomandibular disorders by texture analysis: a pilot study]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2020; 55:629-633. [PMID: 32878397 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20200514-00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the histological changes of the retrodiscal tissue in the patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Methods: Thirty-three TMD patients were performed with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) MRI examinations from April 2018 to April 2020 in TMD clinic, Hainan Hospital of General Hospital of Chinese PLA. The patients groups were classified according to the disc position as follows: normal position (NP) (29 TMJ), disk displacement with reduction (DDwR) (14 TMJ) and disk displacement without reduction (DDwoR) (23 TMJ). The gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) analysis was applied with the retrodiscal tissue on the open oblique sagittal proton weighted images. The texture parameters included as follows: angular second moment (ASM), contrast, correlation, inverse difference moment (IDM) and entropy. The statistical methods mainly included Kruskal-Wallis H test, one-way analysis of variance and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), to analyze the texture characteristic parameters of the retrodiscal tissue are statistically significant. Results: There was no significant difference of the retrodiscal tissue's ASM, contrast, correlation and IDM among 3 groups (P>0.05). The entropy in NP group (3.98±0.44) and DDwR group (4.20±0.52) presented significant higher than that in DDwoR group (3.70±0.38) (P<0.05). ROC analysis for the entropy demonstrated that the area under the curve was 0.70 when differentiating NP and DDwR (cut-off value 0.38, sensitivity 82.61%, specificity 55.17%), and was 0.79 when differentiating DDwR and DDwoR (cut-off value 0.47, sensitivity 82.61%, specificity 64.29%). Conclusions: Texture entropy could be primarily used to evaluate the histological and pathological changes of the retrodiscal tissue in the TMD patients.
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[Numerical simulation of intranasal airflow in nasal numerical models with nasal septum perforations of different locations and sizes]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2020; 55:209-216. [PMID: 32268688 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of nasal septum perforation (SP) with different locations and sizes on nasal airflow by means of numerical simulation. Methods: Two healthy persons with normal nasal anatomy were enrolled in this study, including a 45 years old male (case 1) and a 36 years old female (case 2). Nasal CT data was used as the basis to create nasal airway numerical models of nasal SP with different locations (anterior caudal, central caudal, posterior caudal and anterior cranial) and sizes (diameter of 10 mm and 5 mm respectively). The inspiratory airflow characteristics (nasal cavity volume, nasal cavity wall area, pressure, nasal resistance, temperature, airflow velocity, wall shear stress, airflow-rate partitioning and vortex) of these nasal airway numerical models were simulated and analyzed. Pearson correlation analysis was performed between nasal resistances, airflow temperature and nasal cavity wall area. Results: In terms of pressure and nose resistance, the anterior caudal and larger size SP lead to more obvious variation of pressure distribution, and increased nasal resistance was especially found in the nasal cavity with anterior and medium caudal SP. In terms of temperature, the anterior (caudal and cranial) and larger size SP had significant effect on local temperature gradient as same as the anterior cranial and smaller size SP. Nasal heating efficiency was lower in nasal model with the anterior and larger size SP than that in the normal model. The temperature difference from the nostril to the end of nasal septum had positive correlation with nasal cavity wall area (R(2) value of case 1 and case 2 was 0.69, 0.41, respectively, all P<0.01). In terms of airflow velocity, the anterior caudal and cranial SP had more significant effect on the average airflow velocity in the nasal cavity. The anterior and medium caudal SP could make the airflow distribution in the asymmetric bilateral nasal cavity more unbalanced compared to the bilateral symmetrical nasal models. The anterior and medium SP resulted in a more pronounced vortex distribution than the posterior SP. Conclusions: The effect of SP on nasal cavity is related to its location and size. The anterior and larger size SP shows more negative influence on intranasal pressure, nasal resistance, heat transmission efficiency, airflow-rate partitioning than the posterior and smaller size SP.
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[Current situation and suggestions on diagnosis and treatment of nasal bone fractures in China]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2020; 55:191-194. [PMID: 32268684 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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[Application on the clinical effect of immediate repair of part helix defect with flap on post aurem and mastoid region]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2019; 33:103-105. [PMID: 30808131 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of the flap on post aurem and mastoid region on immediate repair of part helix defect. Method: Fifteen patients with part helix defect were immediately repaired using the flap on post aurem and mastoid region. Firstly, the skin tissue above the defect of the helix was used as the pedicle. The flap was drawn toward the post aurem and mastoid region closing to the auriculocephalic angle. The flap was generally 3-4 cm long and at least 1 cm wide. Secondly, the flap was lifted on the perichondrium, and the structure of the helix was formed by upward rotation of the flap to repair the defect of the helix. Finally, the flap was sutured to repair the helix defect. Result: Fifteen cases were applied with this method to repair immediately the defect in the emergency environment. The sizes of helix contour were satisfactory and the auriculocephalic angles had not changed. The ear shape was stable after 1 to 3 months of followup. Conclusion: The flap on post aurem and mastoid region could immediately repair the part helix defect. It has the advantages of simple operation, high flap survival rate and one-time satisfactory shape..
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P3557Transthoracic pulmonary artery denervation attenuates the progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a rat model. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p3557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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[Effect of dentin proteoglycans on the stability of resin-dentin bonds against artificial saliva storage]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2017; 52:486-491. [PMID: 28835030 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the potential effect of proteoglycans (PG) and glycosaminoglycans (GAG) on the stability of resin-dentin bonds against artificial saliva storage. Methods: Seventy-two extracted molars were used to obtain standard dentin bonding surface, and the specimens were etched for 15 s with 37% phosphoric acid and divided into three groups using a table of random number. Then the three groups undergone different incubating procedures as follow: specimens in chondroitinase ABC (C-ABC) group were incubated with C-ABC, specimens in trypsin (TRY) group were incubated with trypsin, and specimens in the control group were incubated with deionized water. All specimens were incubated at 37 ℃ for 48 h in the oscillators. Then specimens in each group were randomly assigned into three subgroups (n=8) as follows: immediate control subgroup, aging subgroups with artificial saliva storage for 6 months and 12 months. Microtensile bond strength (μTBS), fracture mode, bonding interface morphology and nanoleakage were evaluated. Results: Immediately and with artificial saliva storage for 6 months and 12 mouths, the μTBS of TRY group ([49.04±3.57], [37.01±3.21] and [35.27±3.56] MPa) were significantly higher than those in the control group ([40.71±3.32], [28.87±2.34] and [24.20±2.07] MPa) (P<0.05). The immediate μTBS of C-ABC group ([32.94±2.45] MPa) was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). While with artificial saliva storage for 6 months and 12 mouths, the μTBS of C-ABC group ([26.46±2.45] and [22.50±2.58] MPa) were no differences with those of the control group (P>0.05). The ratio of cohesive fracture increased with the extension of aging time. Some narrow gaps were found in hybrid layer of the control group with artificial saliva storage for 6 months and 12 mouths. Conclusions: Removal of PG increased the μTBS and durable bonds to dentin, while removal of GAG decreased the μTBS, however, it can be of help to create more durable bonds to dentin.
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[Advances in therapy of auricular keloid]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2016; 51:945-948. [PMID: 27978889 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Auricularis keloids are the keloids locating on the earlobe and helix which often caused by ear piercing, burn wound and skin injury. Because of its high recurrence, the treatment of auricularis keloids is troublesome to ENT doctors. In the past, clinicians harvested some achievements by combining surgical therapy, drug therapy and physical therapy. Keloid therapies were reviewed in this article.
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Investigation on the nasal airflow characteristics of anterior nasal cavity stenosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 49:e5182. [PMID: 27533764 PMCID: PMC4988475 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20165182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We used a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to study the inspiratory airflow profiles of patients with anterior nasal cavity stenosis who underwent curative surgery, by comparing pre- and postoperative airflow characteristics. Twenty patients with severe anterior nasal cavity stenosis, including one case of bilateral stenosis, underwent computed tomography (CT) scans for CFD modelling. The pre- and postoperative airflow characteristics of the nasal cavity were simulated and analyzed. The narrowest area of the nasal cavity in all 20 patients was located within the nasal valve area, and the mean cross-sectional area increased from 0.39 cm2 preoperative to 0.78 cm2 postoperative (P<0.01). Meanwhile, the mean airflow velocity in the nasal valve area decreased from 6.19 m/s to 2.88 m/s (P<0.01). Surgical restoration of the nasal symmetry in the bilateral nasal cavity reduced nasal resistance in the narrow sides from 0.24 Pa.s/mL to 0.11 Pa.s/mL (P<0.01). Numerical simulation of the nasal cavity in patients with anterior nasal cavity stenosis revealed structural changes and the resultant patterns of nasal airflow. Surgery achieved balanced bilateral nasal ventilation and decreased nasal resistance in the narrow region of the nasal cavity. The correction of nasal valve stenosis is not only indispensable for reducing nasal resistance, but also the key to obtain satisfactory curative effect.
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Novel remodeling of the mouse heart mitochondrial proteome in response to acute insulin stimulation. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 25:1152-1158. [PMID: 26610654 PMCID: PMC4684478 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute changes in the mitochondrial proteome in response to insulin stimulation. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiac mitochondria from C57BL/6 mice after insulin stimulation were analyzed using two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis. MALDI-TOF MS/MS was utilized to identify differences. Two enzymes involved in metabolism and four structural proteins were identified. Succinyl-CoA ligase [ADP forming] subunit beta was identified as one of the differentially regulated proteins. Upon insulin stimulation, a relatively more acidic isoform of this protein was increased by 53% and its functional activity was decreased by ∼32%. CONCLUSIONS This proteomic remodeling in response to insulin stimulation may play an important role in the normal and diabetic heart.
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Five in one therapy for graded treatment of haemophilic arthritis. Haemophilia 2015; 22:208-213. [PMID: 26178974 DOI: 10.1111/hae.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Haemophilic arthritis is the most universal clinical appearance of haemophilia. Treatment of this disease has become an important and difficult issue worldwide until recently. OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of five in one therapy for graded treatment of haemophilic arthritis. METHODS Haemophilic arthritis was classified into grades I-IV according to severity and the standards of De Palma and Cotler. Under no application of FVIII/FIX replacement therapy state, the effect of five in one therapy (intra-articular cavity drug injection, oral drug preparation, physiotherapy, and prevention of haemorrhage and infection evoked by puncture) was observed in 1527 affected joints of 750 cases of haemophilic arthritis. RESULTS After 20 days treatment, all grade I and II, 94.98% of grade III and 56.16% of grade IV affected joints were completely relieved; 5.02% of grade III and 41.47% of grade IV affected joints were basically relieved; and 2.38% of grade IV were partially relieved. This resulted in short-term complete and basic relief of 98.56% (1505/1527) of all affected joints. After follow-up of 1-6 years, 86.97% of the affected joints were completely relieved, without any adverse reaction or complication. CONCLUSION The results suggest that five in one therapy is safe and effective for treatment of haemophilic arthritis, and provides a convenient, cost-effective way of preventing and treating deformity caused by haemophilic arthritis.
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Outcomes of laryngectomy in elderly patients with laryngeal carcinoma. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2014; 13:1955-63. [PMID: 24668683 DOI: 10.4238/2014.march.17.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Laryngeal carcinoma is a common tumor of the head and neck region. This study aimed to examine the outcomes of laryngectomy in elderly patients with laryngeal carcinoma. One-hundred twenty-two patients (male, 117; female, 5) aged 60 years or older (range, 60-94 years) who underwent laryngectomy between 1996 and 2010 were included. All patients were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, and 95 patients (77.9%) had additional concurrent diseases. Tumors were staged according to the TNM categories of the American Joint Committee on Cancer 2002 criteria; there were 16 stage-I, 24 stage-II, 52 stage-III, and 30 stage-IV cases. With regard to treatment modalities, 10 patients underwent transoral laser laryngectomy, 25 underwent partial laryngectomy, and 87 underwent total laryngectomy. When necessary, neck dissection was performed according to the Dalian criteria set in 2004 (a Chinese standard). Of the 122 cases, there were 114 cases of grade I (93.4%), 5 cases of grade II, and 3 cases of grade III (pharyngeal fistula in 2 cases recovered after 2 weeks of care) wound healing. No significant differences were observed in the occurrence or severity of comorbidities. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year actuarial survival rates were 97.5% (119/122), 84.4% (92/109), and 68.4% (67/98), respectively. Age alone should not be used to determine treatment options for elderly patients with squamous cell carcinoma. Presuming that careful pre-treatment evaluations are performed, laryngectomy is a key method for elderly patients with laryngeal carcinoma.
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Comparing thermal welding instrument-assisted laparoscopic radical hysterectomy versus conventional radical hysterectomy in the management of FIGO IB1 squamous cell cervical carcinoma. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2013; 34:442-445. [PMID: 24475579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION The authors sought to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of using the thermal welding technique with thermal ligating shear (TWT-TLS)-assisted laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) and systemic pelvic lymphadenectomy (SPL) in the management of Stage IB1 squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. MATERIALS AND METHODS The authors compared operating time, blood loss, and other intra- and postoperative parameters and outcomes in 53 patients between May 2003 and April 2007. RESULTS Twenty-three patients were treated with TWT-TLS-assisted LRH and SPL (TWT-TLS group) and 30 patients with abdominal radical hysterectomy (ARH) and SPL (ARH group). The surgical time of the TWT-TLS group was significantly shorter than that of the ARH group (221.4 vs 264.6 min, p < 0.05). The blood loss of the TWT-TLS group was less than that of the ARH group (195.7 vs 1,214.7 ml, p < 0.001). The immediate postoperative recovery seemed to be rapid in the TWT-TLS group compared with the ARH group (1.4 vs 3.5 days for full diet, p < 0.001; 8.32 vs 12.14 days for hospital stay, p < 0.001). The recurrence rate between the two groups was similar during the median four-year follow-up (8.7% vs 13.3%). CONCLUSIONS TWT-TLS is a safe and efficient method for laparoscopic RH and SPL with reduction of morbidity for early-stage cervical cancer. A further study is needed to confirm the above observation.
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Polymorphism of HMGA1 is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes among Chinese individuals. Diabetologia 2012; 55:1685-8. [PMID: 22411136 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2518-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Variants of the high-mobility group A1 (HMGA1) gene have been shown to be associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in individuals of European origin. We aimed to determine whether this locus confers significant susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in the Han Chinese population, and thus cross-race susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. METHODS Polymorphisms in HMGA1 were identified by direct sequencing of genomic DNA derived from 192 Chinese participants (96 patients with type 2 diabetes and 96 controls). We then genotyped the common variant IVS5-13insC (c.136-14_136-13insC) in two other independent cohorts, including a total of 2,533 cases and 2,643 ethnically matched controls. RESULTS We confirmed the association of the HMGA1 variant IVS5-13insC (c.136-14_136-13insC) with type 2 diabetes with an OR of 1.34 (95% CI 1.15, 1.56, p = 0.0002 under a dominant model, and 95% CI 1.16, 1.55, p = 0.0002 under an additive model) in the Han Chinese population, corresponding to a population attributable risk fraction of 5.0%. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION HMGA1 is an important susceptibility locus that confers a high cross-race risk of the development of type 2 diabetes.
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Effects of a longitudinal magnetic field on spin injection and detection in InAs/GaAs quantum dot structures. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2012; 24:145304. [PMID: 22417853 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/24/14/145304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Effects of a longitudinal magnetic field on optical spin injection and detection in InAs/GaAs quantum dot (QD) structures are investigated by optical orientation spectroscopy. An increase in the optical and spin polarization of the QDs is observed with increasing magnetic field in the range 0-2 T, and is attributed to suppression of exciton spin depolarization within the QDs that is promoted by the hyperfine interaction and anisotropic electron-hole exchange interaction. This leads to a corresponding enhancement in spin detection efficiency of the QDs by a factor of up to 2.5. At higher magnetic fields, when these spin depolarization processes are quenched, the electron spin polarization in anisotropic QD structures (such as double QDs that are preferably aligned along a specific crystallographic axis) still exhibits a rather strong field dependence under non-resonant excitation. In contrast, such a field dependence is practically absent in more 'isotropic' QD structures (e.g. single QDs). We attribute the observed effect to stronger electron spin relaxation in the spin injectors (i.e. wetting layer and GaAs barriers) of the lower-symmetry QD structures, which also explains the lower spin injection efficiency observed in these structures.
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Urinary BLCA-4 is highly specific for detection of bladder cancer in Chinese Han population and is related to tumour invasiveness. Folia Biol (Praha) 2011; 57:242-247. [PMID: 22264718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BLCA-4 is currently the most sensitive and specific urinary marker for bladder cancer. As the incidence of bladder cancer varies by ethnic and territory, we tended to evaluate the feasibility of bladder cancer detection using urinary BLCA-4 in Chinese Han nationality. Urines from 79 bladder cancer patients, 31 urinary tract infection patients and 29 normal controls were included. Tissue specimens of 53 bladder cancers, 24 pathologically normal tumour- adjacent urothelium and 15 healthy controls were involved. BLCA-4 antibody was produced and applied in an indirect ELISA assay for urine samples and immunohistochemistry study in tissue samples. Urinary BLCA-4 was significantly higher in the bladder cancer group (P=0.0001). The level was in no relation to age, gender, growth pattern, grade or stage. Discrepant to reported data, a cut-off value of 1.7×10⁻⁴ A was acquired here, which yields a sensitivity of 97.37% and specificity of 100%. Muscle invasiveness was related to a higher BLCA-4 level (P=0.0175). Tumour tissues were also scored higher in staining (P=0.0001), yet this was not related to invasiveness. In 41.67% of adjacent normal tissue we found positive BLCA-4 expression. Urinary BLCA-4 was also highly specific in bladder cancer detection in the Chinese, with additional indicative value in muscle invasiveness detection. A cut-off value of 1.7×10⁻⁴ A may be more adaptive to Chinese Han population.
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Abstract
Visfatin is a visceral adipose tissue-specific adipocytokine that plays a positive role in attenuating insulin resistance by binding to the insulin receptor. Visfatin has been suggested to play a role in the regulation of lipid metabolism and inflammation; however, the mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the effects of visfatin on the regulation of gene expression in cultured porcine preadipocytes and differentiated adipocytes. In preadipocytes, the mRNA abundance of lipoprotein lipase and PPARgamma were significantly increased by visfatin or insulin treatment after 8 d (all P < 0.05). In the presence of insulin, the mRNA abundance of adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein was 24.7-fold greater than in the untreated group (P < 0.05), whereas visfatin alone had no effect on adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein mRNA abundance. Adipocyte differentiation was induced by insulin treatment for 8 d. In differentiated porcine adipocytes, exposure to insulin or visfatin for 24 h increased (P < 0.05) fatty acid synthase mRNA abundance but had no effect on the expression of sterol regulatory element binding-protein 1c mRNA. We also found a 5.8-fold upregulation of IL-6 expression in porcine adipocytes after 24 h of treatment with visfatin (P < 0.05). These results demonstrated that visfatin upregulated lipoprotein lipase expression in preadipocytes, potentially facilitating lipid uptake, and increased the gene expression of fatty acid synthase in differentiated adipocytes to potentially enhance lipogenic activity. Furthermore, visfatin can upregulate IL-6 expression in differentiated porcine adipocytes. The information presented in this study provides insights into the roles of visfatin in lipid metabolism in pigs.
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Porcine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta mediates the lipolytic effects of dietary fish oil to reduce body fat deposition. J Anim Sci 2010; 88:2009-18. [PMID: 20190170 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-2597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta promotes fatty acid catabolism and energy expenditure in skeletal muscle and adipose tissues. A ligand for PPARdelta is required to activate PPARdelta function. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are potential ligands for PPARdelta activation. The current experiment was designed to determine the potential for PUFA, particularly from dietary fish oil, to activate porcine PPARdelta in vivo. Transgenic mice were generated to overexpress porcine PPARdelta in the adipose tissue. Mice were fed a high-saturated fat (13% beef tallow), or high-unsaturated fat (13% fish oil) diet, or a diet containing 4 mg/kg of a PPARdelta ligand (L165041) for 4 mo. Compared with beef tallow feeding, fish oil feeding reduced fat mass and decreased (P < 0.05) plasma triacylglycerol and FFA concentrations in the transgenic mice. Adipose tissue expression of genes involved in adipogenesis (i.e., lipoprotein lipase and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein) was decreased in transgenic mice fed fish oil or the PPARdelta ligand. In the same mice, expression of the lipolytic gene, hormone-sensitive lipase was increased (P < 0.05). Fish oil feeding also stimulated expression of genes participating in fatty acid oxidation in the liver of transgenic mice compared with wild-type mice. Overall, these results indicate that PUFA may serve as natural and effective regulators of lipid catabolism in vivo and many of these effects may be generated from activation of PPARdelta.
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Anti-tumor activity of histone deacetylase inhibitors and the effect on ATP-binding cassette in ovarian carcinoma cells. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2010; 31:402-410. [PMID: 20882882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ovarian cancer is of worldwide importance, and has a significantly high mortality rate due to therapy failure. Drug resistance might be one of most importance factors. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have been reported to be a new class of promising anti-tumor agents, thus this study aimed to investigate the effect of HDAC on the chemo-resistance genes of human ovarian carcinoma cell lines. METHODS The expressions of ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes, multidrug-resistant protein (MDR1) and multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRP1 and 2) of ovarian cancer cell lines OC-109 and SK-OV-3 after HDACi treatment were determined. RESULTS HDACi, including sodium butyrate (NaB), suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and trichostatin A (TSA) reduced ovarian cancer cell viability from 4.4% to 68.8%, in both dose- and time-dependent manners. The effect of HDACi on MDR1, MRP1, and MRP2 showed induced expression of MDR1 mRNA, but reduced mRNA expression of MRP1 and MRP2. CONCLUSIONS The effect of HDACi on the reduced viability of ovarian cancer cell lines, concomitant with the induced expression of MDR1 and reduced expression of MRP1 and 2, might provide additional benefits in the management of ovarian cancers in the future.
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Abundantly expressed hepatic genes and their differential expression in liver of prelaying and laying geese. Poult Sci 2009; 88:1955-62. [PMID: 19687282 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Geese have a short egg-laying period and a low egg production rate. To induce and maintain egg laying, genes related to generating hepatic lipid for yolk deposition should be adequately expressed. Liver mRNA from 6 laying geese was extracted and used for construction of a full-length enriched cDNA library. About 2,400 clones containing gene sequences were determined and National Center for Biotechnology Information Gallus gallus Gene Index databases were used to compare and analyze these sequences. Ten highly expressed genes were selected to determine the differential expression between laying and prelay goose liver. Tissue distribution data showed that very low density apolipoprotein II, liver type fatty acid binding protein, vitellogenin I, and vitellogenin II transcripts were specifically expressed in the liver of laying geese. Ovoinhibitor, preproalbumin, alpha-2-hs-glycoprotein, and vitamin D binding protein mRNA were highly expressed in the liver and to a lesser extent in other tissues. Ovotransferrin mRNA was expressed in liver, ovary, oviduct, shell gland, brain, and adipose tissues. The concentration of transthyretin mRNA was high in the liver and brain. The mRNA concentrations of liver type fatty acid binding protein, alpha-2-hs-glycoprotein, and transthyretin in the livers of laying and prelay geese were not different. The concentrations of hepatic ovotransferrin, ovoinhibitor, preproalbumin, very low density apolipoprotein II, vitellogenin I, vitellogenin II, and vitamin D binding protein mRNA were higher in the liver of laying geese than in prelay geese, suggesting that these genes may be involved in laying function or lipid metabolism related to egg formation.
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Docosahexaenoic acid regulates adipogenic genes in myoblasts via porcine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. J Anim Sci 2008; 86:3385-92. [PMID: 18676720 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2008-1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) triggers adipocyte differentiation by regulating lipogenic genes. A ligand for PPARgamma is necessary to activate PPARgamma function. Fatty acids are potential ligands for PPARgamma activation. The current experiment was designed to determine the potential for individual fatty acids to activate porcine PPARgamma ectopically expressed in myoblasts. The expression of adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (aP2) and adiponectin in myoblasts stably expressing porcine PPARgamma was increased when docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was added to the adipogenic medium. The response was positively related to DHA concentration and suggests that DHA may bind to and activate porcine PPARgamma, leading to increased expression of aP2 and adiponectin. The conditioned media collected from myoblasts expressing PPARgamma between d 3 and 6 or between d 6 and 9, but not DHA itself, activated the aP2 gene promoter-driven luciferase activity. These results suggest that a metabolite of DHA is the ligand binding to and activating porcine PPARgamma. The metabolite and pathway for its production are currently unknown.
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Fasting regulates the expression of adiponectin receptors in young growing pigs. J Anim Sci 2008; 86:3377-84. [PMID: 18676723 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2008-0971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that can improve insulin sensitivity. Its functions in regulating glucose utilization and fatty acid metabolism in mammals are mediated by 2 subtypes of adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2). This study was conducted to determine the effect of fasting on the expression of adiponectin and its receptors. The expression of adiponectin was not affected in s.c. adipose tissue, but adiponectin expression increased in visceral adipose tissue after fasting. In contrast, expression of both AdipoR mRNA was increased in the liver and s.c. adipose tissue of 24-h-fasted pigs compared with fed pigs, but the mRNA in muscle and visceral adipose tissue was not affected by fasting. A third putative adiponectin receptor, T-cadherin, was cloned and the mRNA expression was determined. T-Cadherin has been recognized to act as a vascular adiponectin receptor in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Our data showed that the expression of T-cadherin was decreased in the muscle of fasted pigs, suggesting that the expression of T-cadherin can be regulated by feeding status. In summary, in young pigs, adiponectin mRNA was up-regulated by fasting in visceral, but not s.c., adipose tissue, whereas AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNA were increased in s.c., but not visceral, adipose tissue. The adiponectin receptor, T-cadherin, was expressed in s.c. and visceral adipose tissue and in muscle, but only muscle mRNA expression was decreased by fasting.
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Predictors of mortality in patients with pyogenic liver abscess. Neth J Med 2008; 198:164-72. [PMID: 18490797 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2008.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2008] [Revised: 08/06/2008] [Accepted: 08/06/2008] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is uncommon but potentially life-threatening. The objective of this study was to identify the prognostic factors for PLA. METHODS The medical records of 253 patients, 148 men and 105 women with a mean age of 56.4 years (SD : 15.0 years), who were hospitalised due to a PLA between January 1995 and June 2007 were reviewed. The underlying medical disorders, clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory values, imaging studies, microbiological features, treatments, morbidity and mortality were recorded. Factors related to in-hospital case fatality were analysed. RESULTS The mean Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score at admission in patients with PLA was 8.7 points (SD 5.4 points). The most common co-existing disease was diabetes mellitus (41.9%), followed by biliary stone disorders (32.0%). Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequent pathogen, followed by Escherichia coli. The in-hospital case-fatality rate was 9.1%. Multivariate analysis revealed that gas-forming abscess (p=0.019), multi-drug resistant isolates (p=0.026), anaerobic infection (p=0.045), blood urea nitrogen level >7.86 mmol/l (p=0.004), and APACHE II score > or =15 (p= 0.004) were associated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS The prognosis of PLA may depend chiefly on the severity of the basic physical condition and underlying pathology. As the primary treatment for PLA is not completely effective, a more aggressive approach should be considered, especially for patients with poor prognosis.
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Whole-body positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose is an effective method to detect extra-pelvic recurrence in uterine sarcomas. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2008; 29:246-251. [PMID: 18592788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION To assess the clinical use of F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in the post-therapy surveillance of uterine sarcoma. METHODS Eight whole-body FDG-PET studies were performed in seven women with previously treated uterine sarcoma. Conventional image studies (computed tomography) and physical examinations were performed for follow-up. All FDG-PET studies were indicated to localize suspected recurrences noted by conventional methods. RESULTS The per case sensitivity of the FDG-PET studies and CT scans was 85.7% (6/7) and 100% (7/7), respectively (p = 0.174). FDG-PET was able to detect seven extrapelvic metastastic sites below the diaphragm (7/7, sensitivity: 100%), including the liver, spleen, paraaortic lymph node, spine and paracolic gutter, as well as pulmonary lesions in five patients, while the CT scan detected only three lesions (3/7, sensitivity: 42.9%; p = 0.070). FDG-PET detected only four recurrent pelvic lesions (4/6) and CT scan detected six (6/6) recurrent pelvic lesions (66.7% vs 100%, p = 0.455). CONCLUSIONS The FDG-PET showed a better detection rate than the abdominal CT scan for extrapelvic metastatic lesions and a similar detection rate as well as abdominal CT scan. FDG-PET can serve as a useful detection tool for patients with uterine sarcomas because nearly 80% of recurrence involve an extrapelvic site.
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Abstract
Suppression subtractive hybridization was used to detect differential expression of genes in the livers of laying and prelaying geese. Liver tissues from prelaying and laying geese were dissected for mRNA extraction. The cDNA, reverse transcribed from liver mRNA of prelaying geese, was subtracted from the cDNA generated from the laying geese (forward subtraction). Five hundred seventy-six clones with possible differentially expressed gene fragments were observed by forward subtraction hybridization. After differential screening using the reverse and forward subtraction cDNA, 164 clones were subjected to gene sequence determination and further analysis. Using Northern analysis, 5 known and 8 unknown genes were shown to be highly expressed in the livers of laying geese compared with prelaying geese. Vitellogenin I, apoVLDL-II, ethanolamine kinase, G-protein gamma-5 subunit, and leucyl-tRNA synthase were highly expressed in the livers of laying geese compared with that from the prelaying geese (P<0.05). The expression of these known genes suggests that their function in the liver of laying geese is primarily involved in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Several of these differentially expressed genes were found to be responsive to estrogen stimulation, confirming the involvement of these genes in the egg-laying function of the goose.
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Presumed Stage IA primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma: the role of complete staging surgery. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2007; 28:43-4. [PMID: 17375705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Proper staging is warranted in any patient with primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma (PEOC), but sometimes it cannot always be performed. The prognosis of patients with and without complete staging surgery is to be determined. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 61 patients with presumed Stage IA PEOC between January 1970 and December 1993. Inclusion criteria were: being referred patients; no ascites; an intact ovarian tumor without extra-spillage or rupture before, during or after operation; conventional regular exploratory laparotomy without urgency; more than a 5-year follow-up, except for recurrent diseases; a detailed pathology review; and no other systemic disease. Tumors of lower malignant potential (LMP) and cystectomy for removing tumor were excluded. Of the 61 patients, 17 patients received a close observation (Group A), and the others (44 patients) received a re-exploratory laparotomy to complete the staging surgery (Group B). RESULTS The mean follow-up time was 7.4 years, ranging between 5.4 and 11.1 years, in Group A, and 8.1 years, ranging from 5.6 to 12.7 years, in Group B. Two patients (11.8%) in Group A and seven patients (15.9%) in Group B suffered from recurrence. Two patients finally died of disease, and both were in Group B. CONCLUSIONS Based on the observation in this study that the recurrence rate of the two groups was not statistically different, close follow-up for patients with presumed Stage IA EOC, but without complete surgical staging surgery, might be acceptable when these patients are treated with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Immunoreactivities of human nonmetastatic clone 23 and p53 products are disassociated and not good predictors of lymph node metastases in early-stage cervical cancer patients. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2007; 28:18-22. [PMID: 17375700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the relation between expressions of human nonmetastatic clone 23 (nm23-H1) and p53 in cervical cancer, their relationships with lymph node metastasis, and further to examine their predictive of lymph node metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS nm23-H1 and p53 expression profiles were visualized by immunohistochemistry in early-stage cervical cancer specimens. RESULTS Immunoreactivities of nm23-H1 and p53 were disassociated. The independent variables related with lymph node metastases were grade of cancer cell differentiation (p < 0.029) and stromal invasion (p < 0.039). Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy for lymph node metastasis were calculated to be 91.7%, 13.5%, 25.6%, 83.3%, and 32.7% for nm23-H1 and 66.7%, 51.4%, 30.8%, 82.6%, and 55.1% for p53. CONCLUSION Nm23-H1 and p53 are disassociated and not good predictors of lymph node metastases in early-stage cervical cancer patients. However, stromal invasion and cell differentiation can predict lymph node metastasis.
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Simvastatin reverses the downregulation of dopamine D1 and D2 receptor expression in the prefrontal cortex of 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinsonian rats. Brain Res 2005; 1045:229-33. [PMID: 15910782 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2005] [Revised: 03/14/2005] [Accepted: 03/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sprague-Dawley rats with unilateral lesion of the medial forebrain bundle by 6-hydroxydopamine showed marked decrease in the expression of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in the prefrontal cortex. Simvastatin (10 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks) restored receptor expression to control levels. Given the association of dopaminergic dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex and cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease, these findings may have implication in the treatment of cognitive decline in advanced Parkinson's disease.
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Amplitude-equalized high-order arbitrary numerator rational harmonic mode-locked pulse generation in fiber-ring lasers using nonlinear polarization rotation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2005; 13:836-841. [PMID: 19494944 DOI: 10.1364/opex.13.000836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report the amplitude-equalized high order arbitrary numerator rational harmonic mode-locked (RHMLed) pulse generations based on the technique of nonlinear polarization rotation in the fiber-ring laser. The numerator effect on the amplitude uniformity of RHMLed pulse train is first investigated. It is demonstrated that the high order RHMLed pulse train with uniform amplitude can be achieved by choosing a proper numerator. The pulse amplitude equalization in up to the 10th order RHMLed pulse train is observed when the numerator is equal to 3 instead of 1. It is important that the technique may be useful to generate the high-speed pulse trains with uniform amplitude by using the high order RHMLing technique.
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The effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on the expression of porcine lipid metabolism-related genes1. J Anim Sci 2004; 82:683-9. [PMID: 15032424 DOI: 10.2527/2004.823683x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the expression of adipocyte determination and differentiation-dependent factor 1 (ADD1) mRNA in pig tissues, weaned, crossbred pigs (30 d of age) were fed either 2% (as-fed basis) tallow or DHA oil for 18 d. Body weight of the pigs was not affected by different dietary fatty acid (FA) compositions. The plasma and liver FA composition reflected the composition of the diet. The adipose tissue and skeletal muscle FA composition only partially reflected the diet, indicating either a slower FA turnover or that a greater proportion of the FA in these tissues is from endogenous FA synthesis. The ADD1 is an important transcription factor that modulates transcription of FA synthase to regulate the endogenous FA synthesis in the liver and adipose tissue. The ADD1 mRNA was decreased (P < 0.05) in the liver of DHA-treated pigs compared with that of the tallow-treated pigs. The diets did not have an effect on the ADD1 mRNA in pig adipose tissue. The ADD1 transcript was not detected in pig skeletal muscle. These results indicate that significant enrichment of liver DHA content inhibits the expression of ADD1 mRNA. Such an effect is similar to that reported in porcine differentiating adipocytes cultured with DHA. The liver and muscle acyl CoA oxidase mRNA concentration was increased (P < 0.05) by DHA oil treatment, suggesting that DHA treatment may increase peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation in these two tissues. Our present observations demonstrate that dietary DHA enrichment not only affects tissue DHA concentration but also mildly modifies the expression of genes related to fatty acid metabolism in the porcine liver and skeletal muscle.
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Androgens and ovarian cancers. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2004; 25:157-63. [PMID: 15032272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies in women. Numerous studies indicate that the steroid hormones have been implicated in the etiology and/or progression of epithelial ovarian cancer and support a role for androgens, including: 1) androgen receptor (AR) is present in primate ovaries at almost all stages of the menstrual cycle and involve folliculogenesis and ovulation; 2) high androgen serum levels show high risk of ovarian cancer and ovarian cancer occurring after menopause when the balance of ovarian steroid production shifts from estrogens to androgens; 3) ovarian cancer tissue shows a 90% AR positive rate and is associated with favorable outcomes; 4) androgens promote or inhibit ovarian cancer cell growth; 5) chemotherapy decreases androgen production from cancer cells. This review seeks to summarize our current understanding about the roles of androgens, AR and AR coregulators in the initiation and/or progression of ovarian cancers.
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Is direct large loop electric excision for the transformation zone reasonable in the investigation of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in cervical smears? EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2004; 25:61-5. [PMID: 15053064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION To evaluate women with cytological high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSIL) who received standard colposcopic evaluation and direct diagnostic large loop electric excision for the transformation zone (LLETZ) to determine the feasibility of using LLETZ alone (ie, skipping the colposcopic examination). METHODS From May 1999 to May 2001, 70 women, with the mean age of 49.58 years (range, 20-82 years) and with cervical HGSIL categorized by the Bethesda system were all evaluated by colposcopic evaluation and LLETZ. Cases with a satisfactory colposcopy examination were classified as group A and those with an unsatisfactory colposcopy examination were classified as group B. "Over-treatment" was determined if the women did not need further LLETZ for evaluation or management. "Under-treatment" was determined if treatment might be potentially inadequate or invasive cancer could be ruled out during a satisfactory colposcopic evaluation. RESULTS Group A consisted of ten women who were evaluated satisfactorily by colposcopy and group B consisted of 30 women who were not evaluated satisfactorily by colposcopy. Overall 8.6% of the patients (6/70) were considered "over-treated". The rate of over-treatment was 10.0% (4/40) in group A compared with 6.7% (2/30) in group B. In contrast, overall 10% of the patients (7/70) were considered "under-treated". The rate of under-treatment was 10% (1/40) in group A compared with 10% (3/30), in group B. The positive predictive values of group A and B were 90.6% and 88.0%, respectively. The negative predictive values were 33.2% and 40%, respectively. CONCLUSION Direct diagnostic and therapeutic LLETZ for the management of cervical HGSIL may be a better alternative to colposcopy. This method of treatment avoids the possibility of under-treatment and is associated with an acceptable over-treatment rate, especially for postmenopausal women with cytological HGSIL. LLETZ has a good diagnostic accuracy with minimal morbidity and, most importantly, may help reduce patient anxicty, although further studies are needed to directly examine this effect.
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Abstract
AIMS To develop a specific method for distinguishing and detecting Pythium species. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty PCR primers were designed from the sequences of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region from 34 Pythium species. The specificity of these forward primers paired with ITS2 or ITS4 and reverse universal primers was tested. Five species-specific primers were obtained, other primers showed different specificity to Pythium species. The specific amplifications enabled nine Pythium species to be differentiated. Specific detection of Pythium aphanidermatum from infested plants and P. dimorphum from soil was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS A method for identifying nine Pythium species using specific PCR amplification was achieved. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Because of its rapidness and ease, the results of PCR amplified with different primers can be a powerful method for identifying Pythium species and detecting or monitoring the target fungus directly from plant material, soil and water samples.
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Tamoxifen-induced endometrial cancer. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2003; 24:135-7. [PMID: 12701962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tamoxifen-induced endometrial changes in postmenopausal women with breast carcinoma are well-known. Due to the popularity of postoperative chemotherapy for breast cancer, chemotherapy-induced early menopause in women with breast cancer on tamoxifen treatment needs more attention, because these women have higher risk for endometrial cancers than premenopausal women. SUBJECT From May 1995 to May 1997, three premenopausal women aged 46, 43, and 39 with breast cancer were treated in our center. All patients received standard surgery for their breast cancers followed by six courses of adjuvant chemotherapy and 5-year tamoxifen treatment. All patients were regularly followed-up at the Breast Cancer Center and evaluated annually at the gynecological clinics including pelvic examination, Pap smear and transvaginal sonography. RESULTS All patients became menopausal after six courses of chemotherapy ranging from three months to 14 months. The endometrial cancers occurred at 36 months, 28 months, and 33 months, respectively, after initial treatment for the breast cancers. Their last gynecologic examinations performed at six months, eight months and five months before the diagnosis of endometrial cancer showed nothing remarkable. Only one patient complained of vaginal spotting before diagnosis and the other two patients only complained of increasing purulent vaginal discharge. All patients received standard treatment for endometrial cancer and none of them died of their disease but one patient died of recurrent breast cancer 52 months later. CONCLUSION Women with breast cancer on tamoxifen treatment need more attention and frequent evaluation of their reproductive organs, especially postmenopausal (either spontaneous or chemotherapy induced) women, although the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) comments that no more than annual pelvic exams with Pap smears are needed in asymptomatic women.
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Detection of HPV infection by analyzing the changes in structure of peripheral blood lymphocytes specifically induced by HPV E7 antigen. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2003; 24:30-2. [PMID: 12691313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Detection of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in clinical practice was examined based on the observation that peripheral blood lymphocytes exposed in vitro to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation change their intracellular structures as measured by polarization of fluorescent light emitted by labeled cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 47 women were enrolled in this study. They were classified into four groups based on the results of HPV-DNA detection in cervical tissues by the Hybrid Capture II kit (Digene, Gaithersburg, MD, USA) and pathological examination. Ten women with no HPV-DNA detection were used as a normal control group. Fifteen women without pathological diagnosis in the cervical tissues had HPV-DNA detection. Ten women with CIN lesions had 80% HPV-DNA detection. Twelve women with invasive squamous cell carcinoma had 100% HPV detection. Peripheral blood lymphocytes derived from all women were collected and then exposed to HPV-E7 antigen and PHA mitogen. RESULTS The positive response rate of HPV-E7 antigen was ten percent (1/10) in the normal control group, 73.3% (11/15) in the HPV infectious women, 50% (5/10) in the CIN women, and 91.7% (11/12) in the cervical cancer patients. The overall sensitivity rate of blood tests was 77.1% and the specificity rate was 57.8% when the Hybrid Capture II HPV Test kit was used as the standard detection method for cervical tissue. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that peripheral blood lymphocytes derived from patients with cervical lesions might be another choice to be used as a screening method to detect HPV infection compared with conventional methods.
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Abstract
AIMS To establish a sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method for detecting Pythium myriotylum in soils. METHODS AND RESULTS Oospores of P. myriotylum were separated from large soil particles by flotation in sucrose solution. The thick-walled oospores were disrupted by vortex with sea sand and its DNA was extracted by the Cetyl trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) method. The recovered DNA was verified by PCR amplification of a 150-bp target sequence of P. myriotylum. Samples of 10 g of soil were assayed; thus, the detection limit by PCR-based method was 10 oospores per gram soil. The method was successfully applied for the detection of P. myriotylum in soils collected in March, prior to planting of ginger crops. CONCLUSIONS A PCR-based method for detecting P. myriotylum from soil was achieved. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The PCR method has allowed us to monitor the presence of P. myriotylum in soil prior planting season as a way of reducing or eliminating disease.
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Sialyltransferase family members and cervix squamous cell carcinoma. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2003; 23:514-8. [PMID: 12556094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Sialic acids including a number of their derivatives are ubiquitous at the terminal positions of the oligosaccharides of glycoproteins. The transfer of sialic acids from cystidine-5-monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-NeuAc) to the terminal position of the carbohydrate group of glycoproteins and glycolipids is catalyzed by a family of sialyltransferases (STs). There is a large body of evidence to suggest that tumor cells have altered surface properties from their normal counterparts, and that these changes are partially due to altered sialo-glycoconjugates expressed on the plasma membrane and that altered sialylation (change in glycoprotein expression), which occurs during certain pathological processes, such as oncogenic transformation, tumor metastases, and invasion, is associated with enhanced ST activity. In this report we attempt to review the important findings in studing sialyltransferases of cervix squamous cell carcinoma.
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Correlation of three-dimensional tumor volumetry with cervical cancer prognostic parameters. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2003; 23:401-4. [PMID: 12440811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Estimation of tumor size by a single diameter is used in the current Federal International Gynecology Oncology (FIGO) cervical cancer staging system. However, the role of three-dimensional volumetry is rarely mentioned. In this study, three kinds of tumor volume estimations were performed and the relationship of these volume estimations among associated cervical cancer prognostic parameters were evaluated. METHODS Thirty patients with newly diagnosed cervical cancer at Taipei Veterans General Hospital were enrolled in the study. Final pathology and associated parametric information was obtained by chart review. The original magnetic resonance (MR) image was reappraised by an experienced radiologist and the tumor volume was estimated using either three axial measurements or the longest axial measurement. The corresponding three-dimensional (3-D) volume was calculated by the integration of lesion areas in different images using volumetric software developed by engineers at National Central University, Taiwan. All data were analyzed separately for correlation with clinical staging, histological differentiation, pelvic lymph node metastasis and survival status. RESULTS A statistically significant difference in tumor volume estimates was found between 3-D-integration and one-dimensional estimates among tumors with lymph nodes metastasis, cell differentiation and parametrial involvement. CONCLUSION This study found that the parameters of lymph node metastasis, parametrial involvement and tumor differentiation are volume-dependent. 3D-tumor volumetry showed superior discrimination of these parameters compared to current single diameter evaluation suggesting its potential as a rapid method for initial prediction of prognostic factors in cervical cancer.
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Intraperitoneal cancer spread after laparoscopic cystectomy for mature teratoma with malignant transformation. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2003; 23:131-2. [PMID: 12013109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Laparoscopic surgery for ovarian dermoid cysts has been accepted. However, its potential limitations should be considered, including technique difficulty, intraoperative tumor spillage and malignant transformation. We report a case of ovarian dermoid cysts with malignant transformation that was initially treated using laparoscopic cystectomy, but was complicated by intraperitoneal tumor dissemination.
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Use of polymerase chain reaction to detect the soft rot pathogen, Pythium myriotylum, in infected ginger rhizomes. Lett Appl Microbiol 2003; 36:116-20. [PMID: 12535133 DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-765x.2003.01272.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aims are to establish a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method for detecting Pythium myriotylum in the rhizome of ginger and diagnosing ginger soft rot and screening health seed ginger. METHODS AND RESULTS A booster PCR method was established for detection of P. myriotylum using a specific primer selected from rDNA ITS1 region coupled with universal primer ITS2. It successfully applied to the detection of P. myriotylum in naturally infected ginger rhizomes but not from DNA of ginger rhizomes collected from field without target fungus. CONCLUSIONS A specific method for detecting P. myriotylum was achieved. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The new PCR method has allowed us to monitor ginger for the presence of P. myriotylum as a way of disease diagnosis or healthy seed ginger examination.
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Radioimmunodetection of cervical carcinoma xenografts with (111)In-labeled MAb Cx-99 detected by a hand-held gamma detector. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2002; 23:178-82. [PMID: 12094949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To establish a radioimmunodetection (RAID) system for localization of cervical cancer by labeling 111-indium ((111)In) to a monoclonal antibody against cytokeratin 19 (MAb Cx-99), and detecting it with a hand-held gamma detector in an animal model. METHODS MAb Cx-99 was labeled with 111-Indium by the DTPA chelating method. From the second day to the seventh day after injection of this immunoconjugate into athymic nude mice bearing cervical cancer cell line CC7T xenografts, the biodistribution ratios of tumor and non-tumor radioactivity were detected by a hand-held gamma detector. Data were also correlated with the data detected by the conventional gamma counter. RESULTS The labeling efficiency of this (111)In-labeled MAb Cx-99 and (111)In-labeled MOPC was 91.6% and 95.5%, respectively. After injection, the liver, kidney and lung were initially noticed to have high radioactivity, but the localization of tumor/tissue ratios increased progressively as time passed, indicating the effect of delayed detection for distinguishing tumor from non-tumor tissues. Except for the spleen, the range of tumor/tissue ratios was 1.18-32.7 and 1.14-39.35 for the fourth day and the seventh day, respectively. The tumor/spleen ratio remained low until the seventh day after injection, thus indicating that the spleen might have a different excretion rate. CONCLUSION This study indicated the feasibility of a hand-held detection system in the localization of cervical cancer after injection of (111)In-labeled MAb Cx-99. The effect of delayed detection was obvious by the decreasing high bindings in the liver, spleen and kidney, with the applicable detection time being four to seven days after injection.
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Different enzyme activities of sialyltransferases in gynecological cancer cell lines. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2002; 23:221-6. [PMID: 12094959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Due to rarity of a relationship between sialyltransferase enzyme activities and gynecological cancers, we arranged the study to evaluate sialyltransferase enzyme activity in the various kinds of gynecological cancer cell lines. METHODS Ten cell lines from various kinds of gynecological cancers and two cell lines from normal tissue were enrolled in this study. The activities of each subtype of sialyltransferases were detected using Gal beta1,3GalNAc-acetyl-lactosamine)-Obz1 (acceptor for ST2,3Gal I), Gal beta1,3GlcNAc beta1,3Gal beta1,4GlcNAc (acceptor for ST2,3Gal III), Gal beta1,4GlcNAc (acceptor for ST2,3Gal IV), asialo-bovine submaxillary mucin (acceptor for ST2,6GalNAc I), asialo-fetuin (acceptor for STalpha2,6GalNAc II), and fetuin (acceptor for ST2,6GalNAc III), respectively. The amounts of sialic acids were measured using fluorescein-conjugated Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) specific for alpha2,6-sialic acids and fluorescein-conjugated Maackia Amurensis agglutinin (MAA) specific for alpha2,3-sialic acids. RESULTS The activities of two sialyltransferase subtypes, ST3Gal I & ST6GalNAc II, were significantly higher in nearly all cell lines. More specifically, cervical cancer cell line-ME 180, ovarian cancer cell line-ES-2, and choriocarcinoma cell line-BeWo showed high levels of ST3Gal I enzyme activity; all gynecological cancer cell lines except endometrial cancer cell line-RL95-2 had high levels of ST6GalNAc II enzyme activity when compared with a normal control cell line--fibroblast cell line (CCD-966Sk). Cell lines tested in this study have diverse levels of surface alpha2,6-sialic acid sugar chains (enhanced SNA binding) when compared with alpha2,3-sialic acid sugar chains (enhanced MAA binding) but we found that some cell lines such as Ca Ski (cervical cancer cell line), CC7T (cervical cancer cell line), PA-I (ovarian cancer cell line), and BeWo showed significantly altered cell surface alpha2,6-sialic acid sugar chains. CONCLUSION Increasing enzyme activity of ST3Gal I and ST6GalNAc II might be important in various kinds of gynecological cancers. More specifically, enhanced activity of sialyltransferases involving alpha2,6-sialic acid sugar chains might be more important in cancer development. Future studies will investigate whether the enzyme activity of these sialyltransferases can be helpful for clinical practice.
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Both TPA and SCC-Ag levels are prognostic even in high-risk stage Ib-IIa cervical carcinoma as determined by a stratification analysis. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2002; 23:17-20. [PMID: 11876385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prognostic values of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the sera of cervical carcinoma patients, especially in those with a poor prognosis. METHODS In this retrospective study, the preoperative serum SCC-Ag, TPA, and CEA were analyzed in 779 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma of stage Ib-IIa who received radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection (RAH-PLND) between 1984 and 1994. RESULTS Due to poor predictive value and poor correlation between serum CEA and clinico-pathological factors, CEA was abandoned in this study. Elevated TPA and SCC-Ag levels, pelvic lymph node metastasis (PLNM), lymphvascular space involvement (LVSI) and deep stromal invasion (DSI) were associated with poor survival time by univariate analysis. The correlation study showed that elevated serum TPA was significantly related to PLNM, LVSI, and DSI (p = 0.004, 0.008, and 0.021, respectively), and SCC-Ag was related to PLNM and bulky tumor size (p = 0.001 and 0.02, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, only PLNM and LVSI remained independently significant indicating poor survival. Further stratification studies by PLNM and LVSI showed that elevated TPA levels could even indicate higher recurrence rates in patients with PLNM (p = 0.045), as well as SCC-Ag in patients with LVSI (p = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that both elevated TPA and SCC-Ag levels depicting poor prognosis in stage Ib-IIa cervical SCC, especially indicates a group of high-risk patients who may need more aggressive therapy.
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