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NfL and GFAP in serum are associated with microstructural brain damage in progressive multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 77:104854. [PMID: 37418931 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.104854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential of neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as biomarkers of disease activity and severity in progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) is unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between serum concentrations of NfL, GFAP, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in progressive MS. METHODS Serum concentrations of NfL and GFAP were measured in 32 healthy controls and 32 patients with progressive MS from whom clinical and MRI data including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were obtained during three years of follow-up. RESULTS Serum concentrations of NfL and GFAP at follow-up were higher in progressive MS patients than in healthy controls and serum NfL correlated with the EDSS score. Decreasing fractional anisotropy (FA) in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) correlated with worsening EDSS scores and higher serum NfL. Higher serum NfL and increasing T2 lesion volume correlated with worsening paced autitory serial addition test scores. In multivariable regression analyses with serum GFAP and NfL as independent factors and DTI measures of NAWM as dependent factors, we showed that high serum NfL at follow-up was independently associated with decreasing FA and increasing MD in NAWM. Moreover, we found that high serum GFAP was independently associated with decreasing MD in NAWM and with decreasing MD and increasing FA in cortical gray matter. CONCLUSION Serum concentrations of NfL and GFAP are increased in progressive MS and are associated with distinct microstructural changes in NAWM and CGM.
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Medical evacuation of patients from war-torn Ukraine to Norwegian hospitals. TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LEGEFORENING 2023; 143:23-0286. [PMID: 37254979 DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.23.0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
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Total defence and blood preparedness. TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LEGEFORENING 2022; 142:22-0479. [DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.22.0479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Clinical efficacy of first and second series of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasm: a cohort study. Scand J Gastroenterol 2021; 56:289-297. [PMID: 33470864 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2021.1872095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is an established treatment for metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN). However, only limited data exists for the effect of multiple series of PRRT. The aim of this study was to investigate PFS and OS inNEN patients treated with multiple series of PRRT conforming to the ENETS treatment protocol. METHODS We included all patients with gastrointestinal (GI), pancreatic and bronchopulmonary (BP) NEN treated with PRRT from 2008 to 2018. We used Kaplan-Meier estimation to evaluate PFS and OS with subgroup analysis of primary tumor, Ki67-index, type of radioisotope and number of PRRT series. RESULTS 133 patients (female/male 61/72) were included, median age 70 (interquartile range 64-76) years. GI-NEN comprised 62%, pancreatic 23% and BP 11%. Median Ki67-index was 5%. After first PRRTG1- and G2-tumors had PFS of 25 and 22 months, compared to 11 months in G3-NENs (p < .05) and PFS was longer in G1/G2 GI-NENs than BP-NEN (30vs. 12 months, p < .05). After retreatment with a second series of PRRT, the overall PFS (G1-G3) was 19 months, with G1- and G2-tumors having the highest PFS of 19 and 22 months, respectively. Overall, the GI and BP tumors had an OS of 54 and 51 months. CONCLUSIONS PRRT is an effective therapy with long-term PFS and OS, especially in G1 and G2 NENs, and with better prognosis in GI-NEN compared with BP-NENs. OS and PFS was shorter after the second series of PRRT compared with the first, however results were still encouraging.
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 prevalence in 1170 asymptomatic Norwegian conscripts. Health Sci Rep 2021; 4:e233. [PMID: 33490637 PMCID: PMC7810033 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection in different population groups are important for the health authorities. In Norway, public infection control measures have successfully curbed the pandemic. However, military training and service are incompatible with these measures; therefore extended infection control measures were implemented in the Norwegian Armed Forces. We aimed to describe these measures, discuss their value, and investigate the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) prevalence and seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2, as well as changes in antibody titer levels over the 6-week military training period in a young, asymptomatic population of conscripts. METHODS In April 2020, 1170 healthy conscripts (median age 20 years) enrolled in military training. Extended infection control measures included a pre-enrollment telephone interview, self-imposed quarantine, questionnaires, and serial SARS-CoV-2 testing. At enrollment, questionnaires were used to collect information on symptoms, and SARS-CoV-2 rapid antibody testing was conducted. Serial SARS-CoV-2 PCR and serology testing were used to estimate the prevalence of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 and monitor titer levels at enrollment, and 3 and 6 weeks thereafter. RESULTS At enrollment, only 0.2% of conscripts were SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive, and seroprevalence was 0.6%. Serological titer levels increased nearly 5-fold over the 6-week observation period. Eighteen conscripts reported mild respiratory symptoms during the 2 weeks prior to enrollment (all were PCR-negative; one was serology-positive), whereas 17 conscripts reported respiratory symptoms and nine had fever at enrollment (all were PCR- and serology-negative). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was less than 1% in our sample of healthy Norwegian conscripts. Testing of asymptomatic conscripts seems of no value in times of low COVID-19 prevalence. SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer levels increased substantially over time in conscripts with mild symptoms.
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Investigation of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases 1 in Plasma from Colorectal Cancer Patients and Blood Donors by Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Int J Biol Markers 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/172460080702200213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) improves patient survival. Plasma tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1) measurements by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) have been suggested as a new method for the early detection of CRC. To further investigate the nature of TIMP-1 in plasma, surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI TOF MS) was used. TIMP-1 measurements of plasma from 16 healthy donors and 14 CRC patients were performed using TIMP-1 monoclonal antibody in SELDI TOF MS and ELISA. SELDI TOF MS applying an antibody to TIMP-1 revealed that human plasma TIMP-1 has a mass of 25.1 kDa and exhibits several isoforms. Both methods showed increased plasma TIMP-1 values for cancer patients as compared to healthy individuals. The p values for the separation of the groups were 0.0019 for ELISA and <0.0001 for SELDI TOF MS. CRC did not fundamentally affect the appearance of TIMP-1 as evaluated by SELDI TOF MS.
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P1564Coronary artery disease detected on cardiac computed tomography scans is associated with low bone mineral density in female patients. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Disability in progressive MS is associated with T2 lesion changes. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2017; 20:73-77. [PMID: 29324249 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterised by diffuse changes on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which complicates the use of MRI as a diagnostic and prognostic marker. The relationship between MRI measures (conventional and non-conventional) and clinical disability in progressive MS therefore warrants further investigation. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between clinical disability and MRI measures in patients with progressive MS. METHODS Data from 93 primary and secondary progressive MS patients who had participated in 3 phase 2 clinical trials were included in this cross-sectional study. From 3T MRI baseline scans we calculated total T2 lesion volume and analysed magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR) and the diffusion tensor imaging indices fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) in T2 lesions, normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and cortical grey matter. Disability was assessed by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and the MS functional composite. RESULTS T2 lesion volume was associated with impairment by all clinical measures. MD and MTR in T2 lesions were significantly related to disability, and lower FA values correlated with worse hand function in NAWM. In multivariable analyses, increasing clinical disability was independently correlated with increasing T2 lesion volumes and MTR in T2 lesions. CONCLUSION In progressive MS, clinical disability is related to lesion volume and microstructure.
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Prognostic associations of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decline with survival, radiographic response and progression in chemotherapy-naïve men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with enzalutamide. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx370.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Radiographic progression with nonrising PSA in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: post hoc analysis of PREVAIL. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2017; 20:221-227. [PMID: 28117385 PMCID: PMC5435962 DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2016.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced prostate cancer is a phenotypically diverse disease that evolves through multiple clinical courses. PSA level is the most widely used parameter for disease monitoring, but it has well-recognized limitations. Unlike in clinical trials, in practice, clinicians may rely on PSA monitoring alone to determine disease status on therapy. This approach has not been adequately tested. METHODS Chemotherapy-naive asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic men (n=872) with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who were treated with the androgen receptor inhibitor enzalutamide in the PREVAIL study were analyzed post hoc for rising versus nonrising PSA (empirically defined as >1.05 vs ⩽1.05 times the PSA level from 3 months earlier) at the time of radiographic progression. Clinical characteristics and disease outcomes were compared between the rising and nonrising PSA groups. RESULTS Of 265 PREVAIL patients with radiographic progression and evaluable PSA levels on the enzalutamide arm, nearly one-quarter had a nonrising PSA. Median progression-free survival in this cohort was 8.3 months versus 11.1 months in the rising PSA cohort (hazard ratio 1.68; 95% confidence interval 1.26-2.23); overall survival was similar between the two groups, although less than half of patients in either group were still at risk at 24 months. Baseline clinical characteristics of the two groups were similar. CONCLUSIONS Non-rising PSA at radiographic progression is a common phenomenon in mCRPC patients treated with enzalutamide. As restaging in advanced prostate cancer patients is often guided by increases in PSA levels, our results demonstrate that disease progression on enzalutamide can occur without rising PSA levels. Therefore, a disease monitoring strategy that includes imaging not entirely reliant on serial serum PSA measurement may more accurately identify disease progression.
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Effect on Body Weight, Quality of Life and Appetite Following Individualized, Nutritional Counselling to Home-Living Elderly after Rehabilitation - An Open Randomized Trial. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21:811-818. [PMID: 28717811 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-016-0825-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined if individually-adapted nutritional counselling could prevent > 5% weight loss among elderly patients 3 months after discharge from a rehabilitation institution. In addition we assessed quality of life (QoL) and appetite. DESIGN An open, randomized trial. SETTING Godthaab Health and Rehabilitation Institution in Bærum, Norway. PARTICIPANTS Patients identified as being undernourished or at risk of disease-related malnutrition using the Nutritional Risk Screening tool NRS-2002. INTERVENTION Shortly before discharge, patients in the intervention group received an individually-tailored nutrition plan. During the subsequent 3 months these patients were contacted 3 times via telephone calls and they received one visit at their homes, for nutrition counselling. Focus on this counselling was on optimizing meal environment, improving appetite, increasing food intake, advice on food preparation, and motivation and support. MEASUREMENTS In addition to weight, QoL and appetite were assessed using the EQ-5D questionnaire and a modified version of the Disease-Related Appetite Questionnaire, respectively. RESULTS Among 115 considered eligible for the study, 100 were enrolled (72 women and 28 men), with a mean age of 75 years and a mean body mass index of 20 kg/m2. Two in the intervention group (n = 52) and 5 in the control group (n = 48) lost > 5% of their body weight, giving an odds ratio of 0.34 (95% CI: 0.064 - 1.86; p = 0.22). We did not detect any significant differences in the QoL- or appetite scores between the two study groups after three months. CONCLUSION An individually-adapted nutritional counselling did not improve body mass among elderly patients 3 months after discharge from a rehabilitation institution. Neither quality of life nor appetite measures were improved. Possibly, nutritional counselling should be accompanied with nutritional supplementation to be effective in this vulnerable group of elderly. The trial is registered in Clinical Trials (ID: NCT01632072).
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Fatigue in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with enzalutamide: data from randomised clinical trials. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw372.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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A post hoc analysis of radiographic progression with nonrising prostate-specific antigen in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in the PREVAIL study. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw372.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Risk of prostate cancer mortality in men with an initial benign needle core biopsy set: a population based analysis with up to 20 years of follow-up. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw372.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Socioeconomic position and mortality among patients with prostate cancer: influence of mediating factors. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw387.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
Background Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED) codes are computer-processable medical terms used to describe histopathological evaluations. SNOMED codes are not readily usable for analysis. We invented an algorithm that converts prostate SNOMED codes into an analyzable format. We present the methodology and early results from a new national Danish prostate database containing clinical data from all males who had evaluation of prostate tissue from 1995 to 2011. Materials and methods SNOMED codes were retrieved from the Danish Pathology Register. A total of 26,295 combinations of SNOMED codes were identified. A computer algorithm was developed to transcode SNOMED codes into an analyzable format including procedure (eg, biopsy, transurethral resection, etc), diagnosis, and date of diagnosis. For validation, ~55,000 pathological reports were manually reviewed. Prostate-specific antigen, vital status, causes of death, and tumor-node-metastasis classification were integrated from national registries. Results Of the 161,525 specimens from 113,801 males identified, 83,379 (51.6%) were sets of prostate biopsies, 56,118 (34.7%) were transurethral/transvesical resections of the prostate (TUR-Ps), and the remaining 22,028 (13.6%) specimens were derived from radical prostatectomies, bladder interventions, etc. A total of 48,078 (42.2%) males had histopathologically verified prostate cancer, and of these, 78.8% and 16.8% were diagnosed on prostate biopsies and TUR-Ps, respectively. Future perspectives A validated algorithm was successfully developed to convert complex prostate SNOMED codes into clinical useful data. A unique database, including males with both normal and cancerous histopathological data, was created to form the most comprehensive national prostate database to date. Potentially, our algorithm can be used for conversion of other SNOMED data and is available upon request.
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Association between PSA kinetics and cancer-specific mortality in patients with localised prostate cancer: analysis of the placebo arm of the SPCG-6 study. Ann Oncol 2016; 27:460-6. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Patterns of finasteride use in the male populations of four Nordic countries: A cross-national drug utilization study. Scand J Urol 2016; 50:220-7. [DOI: 10.3109/21681805.2015.1136676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Efficacy and safety of enzalutamide in patients 75 years or older with chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: results from PREVAIL. Ann Oncol 2016; 27:286-94. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Enzalutamide Monotherapy in Hormone-Naive Prostate Cancer: 2-Year Follow-Up. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu336.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Increased growth inhibition of human chronic myelogenous leukemic cells by a combination of c-myb antisense oligonucleotide and 4-hydroxyperoxycyclophosphamide in vitro. Int J Oncol 2012; 11:281-7. [PMID: 21528212 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.11.2.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a unique malignancy in its cellular and molecular phenotypes. High dose therapy followed by stem cell transplantation seems to be one of the most effective treatment modalities for CML. However, allogeneic stem cell transplantation, a curative treatment modality, is limited due to the availability of matched siblings. On the other hand, the autologous stem cell harvests are contaminated with leukemic cells, and therefore a significant reduction of leukemic cells is desired before using the harvest for transplantation. Therefore in the present study, effects of a combination of a suboptimal concentration of 4-hydroxyperoxycyclophosphamide (4HC) and an optimal concentration of c-myb antisense oligonucleotide on the growth of K562 human chronic myelogenous leukemic cells in vitro were determined. The combination significantly (p<0.05) inhibited the growth of K562 cells in vitro when compared to the effects of c-myb oligonucleotide or 4HC alone. The c-myb oligonucleotide alone or in combination with low dose 4HC decreased the expression of c-myb gene as determined by RT-PCR techniques. Cellular uptake and retention of fluoresceinated oligonucleotide in control and treated K562 cells was studied using plain field laser microscopy and flow cytometry. There was an increase in cellular uptake of c-myb oligonucleotide in K562 cells as measured by plain field laser microscopy in the presence of 4HC. The combination of oligonucleotides and 4HC did not significantly decrease the number of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells from normal hematopoietic stem cell harvests as determined by in vitro colony assays. The combination of low dose 4HC and c-myb antisense oligonucleotides can potentially be applied in CML patients, particularly for purging leukemic cells present in their hematopoietic stem cell harvests.
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Oligonucleotides complementary to c-myb messenger RNA inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in human Burkitt lymphoma cells. Int J Oncol 2012; 8:815-20. [PMID: 21544432 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.8.4.815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A 24-mer (antisense) phosphorothioate oligonucleotide (ODN) corresponding to the codons 2-9 of the c-myb gene was evaluated for its effects on the growth of a human Burkitt lymphoma cell line (Raji) in vitro. Raji cells incubated with different concentrations of c-myb antisense ODN (5-15 mu g/ml) for 24-72 h showed a significant dose-dependent decrease in growth. The same concentrations of control (sense) or scrambled c-myb phosphorothioate ODNs did not inhibit Raji cell growth. The c-myb antisense ODN, but not the control ODNs, significantly decreased c-myb mRNA levels in treated cells as determined by RT-PCR. Additionally, the c-myb antisense ODN induced apoptosis of Raji cells as demonstrated by i) flow cytometry to enumerate the A(o) (apoptotic cell population) population of propidium iodide stained cells; ii) electron microscopy to evaluate the cell morphology; and iii) DNA fragmentation pattern. Thus, an antisense c-myb ODN causes significant growth inhibition of Burkitt lymphoma cells, and one mechanism of growth inhibition is the induction of apoptosis of the lymphoma cells. In addition, antisense c-myb ODN did not reduce CFU-GM or BFU-e colony-forming ability of normal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Because the inhibition is sequence-specific and Burkitt lymphoma cell selective, evaluation of the therapeutic effects of c-myb antisense ODN against Burkitt lymphoma is warranted.
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Krig er alvor - sårede og falne norske soldater i Afghanistan. TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LEGEFORENING 2012; 132:1076-9. [DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.11.1441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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UP-02.221 Polyestradiol Phosphate (Estradurin®) in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Urology 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.07.1039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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UP-02.168 Serum Testosterone as a Predictor of Biochemical Failure after Radical Prostatectomy in Patients with Localized Prostate Cancer. Urology 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.07.986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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UP-02.075 Ketoconazole Treatment in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Urology 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.07.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39 COMPARING TESTOSTERONE AND PSA FOR DIFFERENT BASELINE TESTOSTERONE CONCENTRATIONS DURING INITIATION OF DEGARELIX AND LEUPROLIDE TREATMENT. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(09)60047-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Arginine-rich cell penetrating peptides: design, structure-activity, and applications to alter pre-mRNA splicing by steric-block oligonucleotides. J Pept Sci 2008; 14:455-60. [PMID: 18236382 DOI: 10.1002/psc.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Rerouting the splicing machinery with steric-block oligonucleotides (ON) might lead to new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of diseases such as beta-thalassemia, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, or cancers. Interfering with splicing requires the sequence-specific and stable hybridization of RNase H-incompetent ON as peptide nucleic acids (PNA) or phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMO). Unfortunately, these uncharged DNA mimics are poorly taken up by most cell types and conventional delivery strategies that rely on electrostatic interaction do not apply. Likewise, conjugation to cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) as Tat, Arg9, Lys8, or Pen leads to poor splicing correction efficiency at low concentration essentially because PNA- and PMO-CPP conjugates remain entrapped within endocytotic vesicles. Recently, we have designed an arginine-rich peptide (R-Ahx-R)4 (with Ahx for aminohexanoic acid) and an arginine-tailed Penetratin derivative which allow sequence-specific and efficient splicing correction at low concentration in the absence of endosomolytic agents. Both CPPs are undergoing structure-activity relationship studies for further optimization as steric-block ON delivery vectors.
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Peptide-based delivery of nucleic acids: design, mechanism of uptake and applications to splice-correcting oligonucleotides. Biochem Soc Trans 2007; 35:53-5. [PMID: 17233600 DOI: 10.1042/bst0350053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
CPPs (cell-penetrating peptides) have given rise to much interest for the delivery of biomolecules such as peptides, proteins or ONs (oligonucleotides). CPPs and their conjugates were initially thought to translocate through the cell membrane by a non-endocytotic mechanism which has recently been re-evaluated. Basic-amino-acid-rich CPPs first interact with cell-surface proteoglycans before being internalized by endocytosis. Sequestration and degradation in endocytotic vesicles severely limits the cytoplasmic and nuclear delivery of the conjugated biomolecules. Accordingly, splicing correction by CPP-conjugated steric-block ON analogues is inefficient in the absence of endosomolytic agents. New arginine-rich CPPs allowing efficient splicing correction by conjugated PNAs (peptide nucleic acids) or PMO (phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer) steric blockers in the absence of endosomolytic agents have recently been defined in our group and are currently being characterized. They offer promising leads for the development of efficient cellular delivery vectors for therapeutic steric-block ON analogues.
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Investigation of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases 1 in Plasma from Colorectal Cancer Patients and Blood Donors by Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Int J Biol Markers 2007; 22:89-94. [PMID: 17549663 DOI: 10.1177/172460080702200201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) improves patient survival. Plasma tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1) measurements by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) have been suggested as a new method for the early detection of CRC. To further investigate the nature of TIMP-1 in plasma, surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI TOF MS) was used. TIMP-1 measurements of plasma from 16 healthy donors and 14 CRC patients were performed using TIMP-1 monoclonal antibody in SELDI TOF MS and ELISA. SELDI TOF MS applying an antibody to TIMP-1 revealed that human plasma TIMP-1 has a mass of 25.1 kDa and exhibits several isoforms. Both methods showed increased plasma TIMP-1 values for cancer patients as compared to healthy individuals. The p values for the separation of the groups were 0.0019 for ELISA and <0.0001 for SELDI TOF MS. CRC did not fundamentally affect the appearance of TIMP-1 as evaluated by SELDI TOF MS.
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Effect of bicalutamide 150 mg on PSA progression in M0 prostate cancer: Results from the Early Prostate Cancer program. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.4624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4624 Background: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression is the first sign of prostate cancer recurrence after primary therapy. In the Early Prostate Cancer (EPC) program, men with locally advanced disease who received bicalutamide 150 mg (CASODEX) in addition to standard care (radiotherapy [RT], radical prostatectomy [RP], or watchful waiting [WW]) had significantly improved objective progression-free survival (PFS) vs standard care alone. In the RT setting, this translated into improved overall survival (OS). Here, we compare PSA-PFS in the 3rd analysis of the EPC program with the results for objective PFS. Methods: The EPC program consists of 3 trials in which patients (all M0) with either localized (T1–2, N0/Nx) or locally advanced (T3–4, any N; or any T, N+) prostate cancer were randomized to receive standard care plus either bicalutamide 150 mg (n = 4052) or placebo (n = 4061). The primary end points were OS and objective PFS. PSA-PFS was a secondary end point. A PSA progression event was defined as PSA rising to ≥2× baseline or ≥0.4 ng/mL in men with non-quantifiable baseline PSA, death, or objective progression. PSA-PFS and objective PFS were analyzed for stage/therapy subgroups using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: At 7.4 years’ median follow-up, bicalutamide plus standard care was associated with significantly improved PSA-PFS vs placebo (p < 0.001), irrespective of primary therapy or disease stage. However, PSA-PFS benefit only translated into a significant objective PFS benefit in locally advanced disease ( table ). Conclusion: Adding bicalutamide 150 mg to standard care significantly improves PSA-PFS for men with early, non-metastatic prostate cancer. The significant improvement in PSA-PFS was only accompanied by a significant improvement in objective PFS in locally advanced disease. Consequently, a significant PSA-PFS benefit cannot always be assumed to translate into a significant objective PFS benefit. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
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Changes in serum P1NP, BAP, CTX-1, and YKL-40 following hormonal treatment for metastatic prostate carcinima are related to survival. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.20002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
20002 Background: Previously it has been demonstrated that elevated P1NP, BAP, CTX-1, and YKL-40 levels at the time of diagnosis in patients with metastatic prostatic carcinoma were associated with survival. This study presents a follow-up to evaluated the prognostic value of thes biomarkers in a time-dependent analysis. Methods: Serum P1NP, BAP, CTX-1, and YKL-40 were determined in 106 patients with newly diagnozed metastatic prostatic carcinoma following start of either total androgen ablation or parenteral estrogen theraphy. Results: After 6 months of treatment significant decreases in P1NP, BAP, and YKL-40 were found. Univariate Cox analysis demonstrated that 6 month levels of P1NP, BAP, and CTX-1 were significantly associated with survival. In a multivatiate analysis using tumormarker levels at 6 months after start of treatment demonstrated that Soloway score (HR=3.9), WHO grade (HR=3.9), and P1NP (HR=2.2) all were significant predictors of survival. When using the biomarkers mentioned above as time-dependent co-variates in univariate COX regression analysis it could be shown that increasing levels og P1NP, BAP, and YKL-40 alle were significant predictors of early death. Conclusions: Serial monitoring of serum P1NP, BAP, CTX-1, and YKL-40 in patients with metastatic prostatic carcinoma during hormonal treatment provide information on prognosis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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The influence of nodal status on progression outcomes in patients with prostate cancer: Data from the Early Prostate Cancer program at 7.4 years. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.4628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4628 Background: The Early Prostate Cancer (EPC) program is an ongoing study of the effect of adding bicalutamide (CASODEX) 150 mg to standard care (radiotherapy [RT], radical prostatectomy [RP], or watchful waiting [WW]) for men with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer. At a median 7.4 years’ follow-up, bicalutamide significantly improved objective progression-free survival (PFS) in men with locally advanced disease, irrespective of standard care, and improved overall survival in the RT setting. There was no PFS benefit in patients with localized disease. Lymph-node involvement is an established risk factor for progression, so we conducted an exploratory analysis among patients with locally advanced disease to assess the influence of this risk factor on PFS. Methods: The EPC program (n = 8113) comprises 3 randomized trials designed for combined analysis. Patients with localized (T1–2, N0/Nx) or locally advanced (T3–4, any N; or any T, N+) non-metastatic prostate cancer received bicalutamide (n = 4052) or placebo (n = 4061) once daily plus standard care. This subanalysis studied the effect of nodal status (N−, N+, Nx) in locally advanced disease. Results: In patients with locally advanced disease, PFS improvements were irrespective of nodal status. The treatment effect increased as the risk of progression increased from N− to Nx to N+ disease. The greatest reduction in risk was seen in RP patients with N+ disease. Conclusions: The reduction in risk of progression with bicalutamide was seen irrespective of nodal status. The most significant reduction in risk of progression was in RP patients with N+ disease; survival data by nodal status for these patients will be presented. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
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Delaying metastatic disease progression in locally advanced disease − Results from the Early Prostate Cancer program at a median follow-up of 7.4 years. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.4629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4629 Background: Progression of prostate cancer to bone metastases impacts seriously on patients (pts)’ quality of life and increases treatment costs. The 3rd analysis of the Early Prostate Cancer (EPC) program revealed that bicalutamide (CASODEX) 150 mg plus standard care (radiotherapy [RT], radical prostatectomy [RP] or watchful waiting [WW]) significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) vs standard care alone in locally advanced disease. Adjuvant bicalutamide 150 mg also improved overall survival for RT pts with locally advanced disease. Here, we report an exploratory analysis of the effect of bicalutamide on delaying bone metastases in pts with locally advanced disease in the EPC program. Methods: The EPC program comprises 3 trials in which pts (n = 8113) were randomized to standard care plus bicalutamide 150 mg or placebo. This exploratory analysis included only pts with locally advanced disease (T3–4, any N; or any T, N+; bicalutamide n = 1367, placebo n = 1315). Distant metastases were assessed by bone scan. Metastatic PFS was defined as time from randomization to either first bone scan-confirmed progression or death in the absence of bone-scan data. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for the WW and adjuvant subgroups; each was analyzed separately with covariates for trial, treatment, prior therapy, baseline prostate-specific antigen level, and tumor grade. Results: At 7.4 years’ median follow-up, bicalutamide significantly improved metastatic PFS vs placebo (hazard ratio [HR] 0.64, p < 0.001 for WW; HR 0.77, p = 0.005 for RT/RP; table). The most common adverse events were gynecomastia and breast pain. Conclusion: Addition of bicalutamide 150 mg to standard care significantly reduced the risk of distant metastases in locally advanced prostate cancer, irrespective of standard care. Both the efficacy and tolerability of treatment must be considered, and therefore, bicalutamide is an option for men with locally advanced prostate cancer. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
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EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF BICALUTAMIDE IN EARLY NON METASTATIC PROSTATE CANCER: LATEST FINDINGS FROM THE SCANDINAVIAN PROSTATIC CANCER GROUP STUDY NO 6 (SPCG-6) OF THE EARLY PROSTATE CANCER PROGRAMME. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(06)60919-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bicalutamide 150 mg in Addition to Standard Care Delays Progression to Bone Metastases in Patients with Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer: Analyses From the Second Analysis of the Early Prostate Cancer Program. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.07.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Inhibition of infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus in cell cultures with peptide-conjugated morpholino oligomers. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2005; 28:399-410. [PMID: 16083445 PMCID: PMC7197465 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2005.00641.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMO) into fish cells in vitro and tissues in vivo was examined. Uptake was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry after treating cultured cells or live rainbow trout with 3' fluorescein-tagged PMO. Arginine-rich peptide conjugated to the 5' end of the PMO markedly enhanced cellular uptake in culture by 8- to 20-fold compared with non-peptide-conjugated PMO as determined by flow cytometry. Enhanced uptake of PMO conjugated to peptide was also observed in tissues of fish treated by immersion. The efficacy of PMO as inhibitors of infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) replication was determined in vitro. Peptide-conjugated PMOs targeting sequences within the IHNV genomic RNA (negative polarity) or antigenomic RNA (positive polarity) significantly inhibited replication in a dose-dependent and sequence-specific manner. A PMO complementary to sequence near the 5' end of IHNV genomic RNA was the most effective, diminishing titre by 97%, as measured by plaque assay and Western blot. These data demonstrate that replication of a negative-stranded non-segmented RNA virus can be inhibited by antisense compounds that target positive polarity viral RNA, or by a compound that targets negative polarity viral RNA.
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904Degarelix - a phase 11 multicentre, randomized dose-escalating study testing a novel gnrh receptor blocker in prostate cancer patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(05)80908-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Elektrochemie. Grundlagen und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten. Von H. Ebert. Vogel Verlag, Würzburg 1972. 1. Aufl., 256 S., 112 Abb., zahlr. Tab., geb. DM 24,80. CHEM UNSERER ZEIT 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ciuz.19720060407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Variations in serum P1NP, BAP and YKL-40 levels after start of treatment for advanced prostate cancer and the relation to prognosis. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.4734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Reply to A. Tubaro and C. De Nunzio. Eur Urol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2004.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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180 Bicalutamide (‘Casodex’) 150 mg in addition to watchful waiting in patients with early non-metastatic prostate cancer: Updated analysis at a median 5.4 years' follow-up. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(04)90181-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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224 Response to second-line hormonal therapy following progression on bicalutamide (‘casodex’) 150 MG monotherapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(04)90224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Immediate Treatment with Bicalutamide 150mg as Adjuvant Therapy Significantly Reduces the Risk of PSA Progression in Early Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol 2003; 44:512-7; discussion 517-8. [PMID: 14572747 DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(03)00366-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of bicalutamide ('Casodex') 150mg (in addition to standard care), on the risk of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression, in patients with early prostate cancer. METHODS The bicalutamide 150mg Early Prostate Cancer (EPC) programme is the largest clinical trial programme in the treatment of prostate cancer to date. This paper reports the PSA progression data from the EPC programme at a median of 3years' follow-up, for the overall study population, and across the radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy primary therapy strategies. PSA progression was predefined as the earliest occurrence of PSA doubling from baseline, objective progression, or death from any cause. RESULT Overall, bicalutamide 150 mg in addition to standard care significantly reduced the risk of PSA progression by 59% compared with standard care alone (HR 0.41; 95% CI 0.38, 0.45; p<<0.0001). Significant reductions were observed following radical prostatectomy (51%; HR 0.49; 95% CI 0.43, 0.56; p<<0.0001) and radiotherapy (58%; HR 0.42; 95% CI 0.33, 0.53; p<<0.0001). Further exploration of the data by disease stage, nodal status, Gleason score and pre-treatment PSA level revealed significant reductions in the risk of PSA progression across most prognostic risk factor subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Bicalutamide 150mg significantly reduces the risk of PSA progression, irrespective of whether patients received radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy as standard care. The EPC programme is ongoing and further progression and survival data are awaited.
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Bicalutamide 150 mg as adjuvant to radiotherapy significantly increases progression-free survival in early prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(03)00960-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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