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Patterson CR, Lustig A, Seddon PJ, Wilson DJ, van Heezik Y. Eradicating an invasive mammal requires local elimination and reduced reinvasion from an urban source population. Ecol Appl 2024; 34:e2949. [PMID: 38442922 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Invasive mammal eradications are increasingly attempted across large, complex landscapes. Sequentially controlled management zones can be at risk of reinvasion from adjacent uncontrolled areas, and managers must weigh the relative benefits of ensuring complete elimination from a zone or minimizing reinvasion risk. This is complicated in urban areas, where habitat heterogeneity and a lack of baseline ecological knowledge increase uncertainty. We applied a spatial agent-based model to predict the reinvasion of a well-studied species, the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula), across an urban area onto a peninsula that is the site of an elimination campaign in Aotearoa New Zealand. We represented fine-scale urban habitat heterogeneity in a land cover layer and tested management scenarios that varied four factors: the density of possums remaining following an elimination attempt, the maintenance trap density on the peninsula, and effort expended toward preventing reinvasion by means of a high-density trap buffer at the peninsula isthmus or control of the source population adjacent to the peninsula. We found that achieving complete elimination on the peninsula was crucial to avoid rapid repopulation. The urban isthmus was predicted to act as a landscape barrier and restrict immigration onto the peninsula, but reliance on this barrier alone would fail to prevent repopulation. In combination, complete elimination, buffer zone, and source population control could reduce the probability of possum repopulation to near zero. Our findings support urban landscape barriers as one tool for sequential invasive mammal elimination but reaffirm that novel methods to expose residual individuals to control will be necessary to secure elimination in management zones. Work to characterize the urban ecology of many invasive mammals is still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Audrey Lustig
- Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand
- Te Pūnaha Matatini: The Centre for Complex Systems and Networks, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Philip J Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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2
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Gimeno M, Giménez J, Chiaradia A, Davis LS, Seddon PJ, Ropert-Coudert Y, Reisinger RR, Coll M, Ramírez F. Climate and human stressors on global penguin hotspots: Current assessments for future conservation. Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e17143. [PMID: 38273518 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
As charismatic and iconic species, penguins can act as "ambassadors" or flagship species to promote the conservation of marine habitats in the Southern Hemisphere. Unfortunately, there is a lack of reliable, comprehensive, and systematic analysis aimed at compiling spatially explicit assessments of the multiple impacts that the world's 18 species of penguin are facing. We provide such an assessment by combining the available penguin occurrence information from Global Biodiversity Information Facility (>800,000 occurrences) with three main stressors: climate-driven environmental changes at sea, industrial fisheries, and human disturbances on land. Our analyses provide a quantitative assessment of how these impacts are unevenly distributed spatially within species' distribution ranges. Consequently, contrasting pressures are expected among species, and populations within species. The areas coinciding with the greatest impacts for penguins are the coast of Perú, the Patagonian Shelf, the Benguela upwelling region, and the Australian and New Zealand coasts. When weighting these potential stressors with species-specific vulnerabilities, Humboldt (Spheniscus humboldti), African (Spheniscus demersus), and Chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarcticus) emerge as the species under the most pressure. Our approach explicitly differentiates between climate and human stressors, since the more achievable management of local anthropogenic stressors (e.g., fisheries and land-based threats) may provide a suitable means for facilitating cumulative impacts on penguins, especially where they may remain resilient to global processes such as climate change. Moreover, our study highlights some poorly represented species such as the Northern Rockhopper (Eudyptes moseleyi), Snares (Eudyptes robustus), and Erect-crested penguin (Eudyptes sclateri) that need internationally coordinated efforts for data acquisition and data sharing to understand their spatial distribution properly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Míriam Gimeno
- Institut de Ciencies del Mar, Recursos Marins Renovables, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Giménez
- Institut de Ciencies del Mar, Recursos Marins Renovables, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga (COMA), Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Fuengirola, Spain
| | - Andre Chiaradia
- Conservation Department, Phillip Island Nature Parks, Cowes, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Ryan R Reisinger
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Marta Coll
- Institut de Ciencies del Mar, Recursos Marins Renovables, Barcelona, Spain
- Ecopath International Initiative (EII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Ramírez
- Institut de Ciencies del Mar, Recursos Marins Renovables, Barcelona, Spain
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Elley T, Mattern T, Ellenberg U, Young MJ, Hickcox RP, van Heezik Y, Seddon PJ. Consistent Site-Specific Foraging Behaviours of Yellow-eyed Penguins/Hoiho Breeding on Stewart Island, New Zealand. Biology (Basel) 2022; 11:biology11060844. [PMID: 35741366 PMCID: PMC9220341 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) is endemic to New Zealand and has declined c. 72% since 2008/09 within its mainland range. Population monitoring suggests yellow-eyed penguins are tracking below even the most pessimistic scenario modelled, indicating stressors may not be accurately quantified or underestimated. Fisheries-related bycatch, particularly in gillnets, has been identified as a significant contributor to the species’ decline. Mortality mitigation measures exist for penguins breeding on South Island, with a four nautical mile gillnet exclusion zone in place. Penguins breeding on Stewart Island have no protection, leaving them vulnerable to capture and drowning in gillnets. We use GPS-TDR loggers attached to adult breeding penguins from three sites across Stewart Island to track their at-sea activity, diving behaviour, and investigate the degree of foraging plasticity displayed across this range. Penguins from each site showed significant differences in their preferred habitat use and were consistent between trips and years. Results here show that foraging locations at one site cannot be used to assess habitat use by penguins at other sites. The intra-site and inter-annual consistency in preferred foraging locations observed in Stewart Island penguins reveal that implementation of marine protection may be effective in eliminating fisheries-related mortality and reduce the risk of local extinction. Abstract The endangered yellow-eyed penguin/hoiho (Megadyptes antipodes) predominantly forages benthically within its mainland range and shows high foraging site fidelity. Identifying consistencies in foraging locations can allow effective conservation, especially when managing bycatch risk. This study investigated the at-sea distribution of penguins breeding on Stewart Island to explore site-specific foraging strategies and inform fisheries management. During the 2020/21 season, 19 adult breeding yellow-eyed penguins from Port Pegasus, Paterson Inlet, and Codfish Island were fitted with GPS-TDR dive loggers to track their movements and diving behaviours. A total of 25,696 dives were recorded across 91 foraging trips. Birds from Port Pegasus reached significantly greater depths, spent longer at the seafloor, and performed longer dives. They also had the smallest foraging distribution, with most activity concentrated inshore. Compared to Port Pegasus, foraging radii and trip lengths were twice as large for Paterson Inlet and four times larger at Codfish Island. Despite differences in available foraging habitat, considerable individual and intra-site consistency for preferred foraging locations was observed. Localised behaviour and inter-site differences in dive metrics suggest significant plasticity in foraging ecology across their mainland range; however, individual behaviour and preferred foraging locations were extremely predictable. Thus, risk of mortality from fisheries can be quantified and managed accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thor Elley
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (T.M.); (M.J.Y.); (R.P.H.); (Y.v.H.); (P.J.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Thomas Mattern
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (T.M.); (M.J.Y.); (R.P.H.); (Y.v.H.); (P.J.S.)
- Global Penguin Society, Puerto Madryn 9120, Argentina;
| | - Ursula Ellenberg
- Global Penguin Society, Puerto Madryn 9120, Argentina;
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Melanie J. Young
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (T.M.); (M.J.Y.); (R.P.H.); (Y.v.H.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Rachel P. Hickcox
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (T.M.); (M.J.Y.); (R.P.H.); (Y.v.H.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Yolanda van Heezik
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (T.M.); (M.J.Y.); (R.P.H.); (Y.v.H.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Philip J. Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (T.M.); (M.J.Y.); (R.P.H.); (Y.v.H.); (P.J.S.)
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Berger-Tal O, Saltz D, Moseby KE, Seddon PJ. Editorial: Animal Behavior After Translocation Into Novel Environments. Front Conserv Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2022.888125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Green CP, Ratcliffe N, Mattern T, Thompson D, Lea MA, Wotherspoon S, Borboroglu PG, Ellenberg U, Morrison KW, Pütz K, Sagar PM, Seddon PJ, Torres LG, Hindell MA. The role of allochrony in influencing interspecific differences in foraging distribution during the non-breeding season between two congeneric crested penguin species. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262901. [PMID: 35139102 PMCID: PMC8827451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms promoting coexistence between closely related species are fundamental for maintaining species diversity. Mechanisms of niche differentiation include allochrony which offsets the peak timing of resource utilisation between species. Many studies focus on spatial and temporal niche partitioning during the breeding season, few have investigated the role allochrony plays in influencing interspecific segregation of foraging distribution and ecology between congeneric species during the non-breeding season. We investigated the non-breeding migrations of Snares (Eudyptes robustus) and Fiordland penguins (Eudyptes pachyrhynchus), closely related species breeding between 100-350 km apart whose migration phenology differs by two months. Using light geolocation tracking, we examined the degree of overlap given the observed allochrony and a hypothetical scenario where the species commence migration simultaneously. We found that Fiordland penguins migrated to the Sub-Antarctic Frontal Zone and Polar Frontal Zone in the austral autumn whereas Snares penguins disperse westwards staying north of the Sub-Tropical Front in the austral winter. Our results suggest that allochrony is likely to be at the root of segregation because the relative profitability of the different water masses that the penguins forage in changes seasonally which results in the two species utilising different areas over their core non-breeding periods. Furthermore, allochrony reduces relatively higher levels of spatiotemporal overlap during the departure and arrival periods, when the close proximity of the two species' colonies would cause the birds to congregate in similar areas, resulting in high interspecific competition just before the breeding season. Available evidence from other studies suggests that the shift in phenology between these species has arisen from adaptive radiation and phenological matching to the seasonality of local resource availability during the breeding season and reduced competitive overlap over the non-breeding season is likely to be an incidental outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara-Paige Green
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | | | - Thomas Mattern
- New Zealand Penguin Initiative, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Global Penguin Society, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - David Thompson
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., Hataitai, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Mary-Anne Lea
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Australian Centre for Excellence in Antarctic Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Simon Wotherspoon
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Australian Antarctic Division, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Kingston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Pablo Garcia Borboroglu
- New Zealand Penguin Initiative, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Global Penguin Society, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
- Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR–CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Ursula Ellenberg
- Global Penguin Society, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kyle W. Morrison
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., Hataitai, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Paul M. Sagar
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Philip J. Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Leigh G. Torres
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Newport, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Mark A. Hindell
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Australian Centre for Excellence in Antarctic Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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6
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Hunter-Ayad J, Jarvie S, Greaves G, Digby A, Ohlemüller R, Recio MR, Seddon PJ. Novel Conditions in Conservation Translocations: A Conservative-Extrapolative Strategic Framework. Front Conserv Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2021.691714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to anthropogenic threats, conservation translocations are increasingly used to combat species' population and range declines. However, moving animals outside of their current distribution can mean introducing them to novel conditions, even in the case of reintroductions to formerly inhabited areas due to ecosystem changes following extirpation. This exposure to novel conditions introduces uncertainty that can undermine decision making for species conservation. Here we propose two strategies, which we define as conservative and extrapolative, for approaching and managing novelty and the resulting uncertainty in conservation translocations. Conservative strategies are characterised by the avoidance and removal of novel conditions as much as possible, whereas extrapolative strategies are more experimental, allowing exposure to novel conditions and monitoring outcomes to increase understanding of a species' ecology. As each strategy carries specific risks and opportunities, they will be applicable in different scenarios. Extrapolative strategies suit species in recovery which can afford some experimental management, or species facing novel and emerging threats which require less traditional translocations, such as assisted colonisations. We provide examples, applying our framework to two endemic New Zealand species with long histories of translocation management: tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus), a reptile and takahē (Porphyrio hochstetteri), a flightless bird.
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7
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Alden B, Heezik Y, Seddon PJ, Reid J, Young MJ. Fat chance? Endangered penguin rehabilitation has mixed conservation outcomes. Conservat Sci and Prac 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bryony Alden
- Department of Zoology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Yolanda Heezik
- Department of Zoology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | | | - Julia Reid
- Penguin Place Conservation Reserve Dunedin New Zealand
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Brodie JF, Lieberman S, Moehrenschlager A, Redford KH, Rodríguez JP, Schwartz M, Seddon PJ, Watson JEM. Assisted colonization risk assessment-Response. Science 2021; 372:925-926. [PMID: 34045347 DOI: 10.1126/science.abj3134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jedediah F Brodie
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA. .,Wildlife Biology Program, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | | | - Axel Moehrenschlager
- International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Species Survival Commission Conservation Translocation Specialist Group, Calgary, AB T2E 7V6, Canada.,Centre for Conservation Research, Calgary Zoological Society, Calgary, AB T2E 7V6, Canada.,Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.,Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Kent H Redford
- Archipelago Consulting, Portland, ME 04112, USA.,Department of Environmental Studies, University of New England, Biddeford, ME 04005, USA.,Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Jon Paul Rodríguez
- IUCN Species Survival Commission, Caracas, Venezuela.,Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Investigation and Provita, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Mark Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Science & Policy, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Philip J Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - James E M Watson
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4071, Australia
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9
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Brodie JF, Lieberman S, Moehrenschlager A, Redford KH, Rodríguez JP, Schwartz M, Seddon PJ, Watson JEM. Global policy for assisted colonization of species. Science 2021; 372:456-458. [PMID: 33926936 DOI: 10.1126/science.abg0532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jedediah F Brodie
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA. .,Wildlife Biology Program, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | | | - Axel Moehrenschlager
- International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Species Survival Commission Conservation Translocation Specialist Group and Centre for Conservation Research, Calgary Zoological Society, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.,Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Kent H Redford
- Archipelago Consulting, Portland, ME, USA.,Department of Environmental Studies, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, USA.,Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Jon Paul Rodríguez
- IUCN Species Survival Commission, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Investigation (IVIC) and Provita, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Mark Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Philip J Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - James E M Watson
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,Wildlife Conservation Society, Global Conservation Program, Bronx, NY, USA
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10
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Burgiel SW, Baumgartner B, Brister E, Fisher J, Gordon DR, Novak B, Palmer MJ, Seddon PJ, Weber M. Exploring the intersections of governance, constituencies, and risk in genetic interventions. Conservat Sci and Prac 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Evelyn Brister
- Philosophy Department Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester New York USA
| | - Joshua Fisher
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service†, Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office Honolulu Hawaii USA
| | - Doria R. Gordon
- Environmental Defense Fund Washington District of Columbia USA
| | - Ben Novak
- Revive & Restore Sausalito California USA
| | - Megan J. Palmer
- Department of Bioengineering Stanford University Stanford California USA
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Phelan R, Baumgartner B, Brand S, Brister E, Burgiel SW, Charo RA, Coche I, Cofrancesco A, Delborne JA, Edwards O, Fisher JP, Gaywood M, Gordon DR, Howald G, Hunter ME, Kareiva P, Mankad A, Marvier M, Moseby K, Newhouse AE, Novak BJ, Ohrstrom G, Olson S, Palmer MJ, Palumbi S, Patterson N, Pedrono M, Pelegri F, Rohwer Y, Ryder OA, Saah JR, Scheller RM, Seddon PJ, Shaffer HB, Shapiro B, Sweeney M, Tercek MR, Thizy D, Tilt W, Weber M, Wegrzyn RD, Whitelaw B, Winkler M, Wodak J, Zimring M, Robbins P. Intended consequences statement. Conservat Sci and Prac 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Evelyn Brister
- Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester New York USA
| | | | - R. Alta Charo
- University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | | | - Al Cofrancesco
- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center Vicksburg Mississippi USA
| | - Jason A. Delborne
- Genetic Engineering and Society Center North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA
| | - Owain Edwards
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Floreat Western Australia Australia
| | | | | | - Doria R. Gordon
- Environmental Defense Fund Washington District of Columbia USA
| | - Gregg Howald
- Advanced Conservation Strategies Williamsburg Virginia USA
| | - Margaret E. Hunter
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center Gainesville Florida USA
| | | | - Aditi Mankad
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Floreat Western Australia Australia
| | - Michelle Marvier
- Department of Environmental Studies and Sciences Santa Clara University Santa Clara California USA
| | | | - Andrew E. Newhouse
- State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse New York USA
| | | | | | - Steven Olson
- Association of Zoos and Aquariums Silver Spring Maryland USA
| | | | - Stephen Palumbi
- Hopkins Marine Station Stanford University Pacific Grove California USA
| | - Neil Patterson
- State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry Center for Native Peoples & the Environment Syracuse New York USA
| | - Miguel Pedrono
- French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD, UMR ASTRE) Montpellier France
| | - Francisco Pelegri
- Laboratory of Genetics University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Yasha Rohwer
- Oregon Institute of Technology Klamath Falls Oregon USA
| | | | | | - Robert M. Scheller
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA
| | | | - H. Bradley Shaffer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and La Kretz Center for California Conservation Science, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Beth Shapiro
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California Santa Cruz California USA
| | - Mike Sweeney
- The Nature Conservancy San Francisco California USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruce Whitelaw
- The Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Midlothian UK
| | | | - Josh Wodak
- Institute for Culture and Society, Western Sydney University Parramatta New South Wales Australia
| | - Mark Zimring
- The Nature Conservancy San Francisco California USA
| | - Paul Robbins
- Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
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Foster NJ, Maloney RF, Seddon PJ, Recio MR, Khan MSI, van Heezik Y. Altitudinal distribution of the entire invasive small mammal guild in the eastern dryland zone of New Zealand’s Southern Alps. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02474-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hunter‐Ayad J, Ohlemüller R, Recio MR, Seddon PJ. Reintroduction modelling: A guide to choosing and combining models for species reintroductions. J Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariano R. Recio
- Department of Biology and Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry Unit of Biodiversity and Conservation Rey Juan Carlos University Móstoles Madrid Spain
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Bell G, Young MJ, Seddon PJ, van Heezik Y. Effects of unregulated visitor access on chick fledging mass and survival in yellow-eyed penguins. Wildl Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/wr19245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Context Wildlife tourism is expanding and can detrimentally affect taxa such as penguins, if not managed carefully. The yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) is an endangered species, with mainland populations projected to decline to extinction in the next 40 years, despite conservation interventions. Their nesting sites are exposed to increasing numbers of human visitors, which contributes to reduced reproductive success.
AimsWe evaluated the effectiveness of a breeding colony (Boulder Beach) closure to the public, which was implemented to reduce visitor disturbance.
MethodsWe compared reproductive success 5 years before and 5 years during the closure with success at an adjacent site (Sandfly Bay) that experiences high human disturbance, over the same time periods.
Key resultsBeach closure did not result in an increase in chick mass or survival at Boulder Beach; however, trends at adjacent Sandfly Bay suggested that, without the closure, chick survival at Boulder Beach would likely have declined. Chick survival decreased at Sandfly Bay across the two 5-year periods, whereas chick survival at Boulder Beach did not decline, but remained constant during the closure years.
ConclusionsThe beach closure was beneficial because it appeared to buffer environmental factors, so that mean chick survival remained constant rather than declining.
Implications Beach closures might be difficult to implement because of public expectations regarding free access to coastal land in New Zealand, but they should be considered at sites where increasing numbers of visitors are likely to have detrimental impacts on wildlife. Without urgent action, these culturally important animals will likely be extinct on mainland New Zealand within the next few decades. Beach closures may represent an effective management measure to increase population resilience by decreasing the detrimental impacts of visitors on breeding success.
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Young MJ, Dutoit L, Robertson F, van Heezik Y, Seddon PJ, Robertson BC. Species in the faeces: DNA metabarcoding as a method to determine the diet of the endangered yellow-eyed penguin. Wildl Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/wr19246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Context. Diet variability is a significant driver of seabird decline; however, data on seabird diet composition and trends have been affected by changes in precision and resolution owing to the evolution of different sampling methods over time. We investigated the effectiveness of applying a passive molecular diet method using faeces obtained from the endangered yellow-eyed penguin.
Aims. To assess the feasibility of applying DNA metabarcoding methods to yellow-eyed penguin faeces to evaluate diet, and to compare the reliability of diet results derived from adults and chicks, and from latrine versus fresh faecal samples.
Methods. We collected 313 faecal samples from yellow-eyed penguins resident on the Otago coast of New Zealand from October 2016 to August 2017. We used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with mitochondrial 16S cephalopod and chordate primers to amplify prey DNA present in the faecal samples, and tested the completeness of our assembled reference databases based on previous diet research. Amplified prey DNA sequences were then assigned to taxa from our reference databases by using QIIME2.
Key results. Mitochondrial 16S chordate PCR primers were effective at identifying 29 fish taxa, with 98.3% of amplified sequences being identified to species or genus level in 193 samples (61.7% collected). There was no significant difference in the number, occurrence or proportion of ray-finned fish prey DNA sequences derived from fresh samples or latrines. Mitochondrial 16S cephalopod PCR primers classified 1.98% of amplified DNA sequences as targets, with 96.5% of these target sequences being identified to species or genus level in 48 samples (15.3% collected), and five taxa identified.
Conclusions. We recommend the collection of latrine samples to enable long-term monitoring of the diet of yellow-eyed penguins, which will optimise the trade-off between wildlife disturbance and dietary resolution. Further refinement is needed to identify cephalopod dietary components for yellow-eyed penguins, because our cephalopod primers were not as specific as those used for ray-finned fishes, amplifying a large number (>98%) of non-cephalopod species.
Implications. DNA metabarcoding offers a robust and comprehensive alternative to other, more intrusive, seabird diet-assessment methods, but still requires parallel studies to provide critical information on prey size, true diet composition and diet quality.
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Muralidhar A, Moore FL, Easton LJ, Jamieson IG, Seddon PJ, van Heezik Y. Know your enemy? Conservation management causes loss of antipredator behaviour to novel predators in New Zealand robins. Anim Behav 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Jarvie S, Jowett T, Thompson MB, Seddon PJ, Cree A. Effects of Warm Temperatures on Metabolic Rate and Evaporative Water Loss in Tuatara, a Cool-Climate Rhynchocephalian Survivor. Physiol Biochem Zool 2018; 91:950-966. [PMID: 29863954 DOI: 10.1086/698495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The thermal sensitivity of physiological rates is a key characteristic of organisms. For tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus), the last surviving member of the reptilian order Rhynchocephalia and an unusually cold-tolerant reptile, we aimed to clarify responses in indices of metabolic rate (oxygen consumption [[Formula: see text]] and carbon dioxide production [[Formula: see text]]) as well as rates of total evaporative water loss (TEWL) to temperatures at the warmer end of the known tolerated range; currently, patterns for metabolic rate are unclear above 25°C, and TEWL has not been measured above 25°C. We first established that metabolic rate was lowest during the photophase and then measured [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and TEWL at six temperatures (12°, 20°, 24°, 27°, 29°, and 30°C) during this phase. Consistent with our predictions, we found that mass-adjusted [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and TEWL increased at least 3.5-fold between 12° and 30°C (at 30°C, rates were 2.509 mL g-1 h-1, 2.001 mL g-1 h-1, and 1.829 mg-1 g-1 h-1, respectively). Temperature coefficients (Q10 values) for mass-adjusted [Formula: see text] and TEWL showed thermal dependence between 12° and 29°C but with a reduced increase or thermal independence between 29° and 30°C. There was no observed effect of egg incubation temperature (inferred sex) on the subsequent metabolic rates of juveniles. The respiratory exchange ratio implied a switch from carbohydrate metabolism at <22°C to lipid metabolism at >27°C. The rigorous measurement of [Formula: see text] and TEWL provides a basis for future studies to predict the thermal sensitivity of tuatara to human-mediated climate change.
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Bryan SA, Vink CJ, Barratt BIP, Seddon PJ, van Heezik Y. Investigation of two new putative pheromone components of the invasive Australian redback spider, Latrodectus hasseltii, with potential applications for control. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2018.1536067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stacey A. Bryan
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Cor J. Vink
- Canterbury Museum, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Barbara I. P. Barratt
- Department of Botany, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- AgResearch, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel, New Zealand
| | - Philip J. Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Mattern T, Pütz K, Garcia-Borboroglu P, Ellenberg U, Houston DM, Long R, Lüthi B, Seddon PJ. Marathon penguins - Reasons and consequences of long-range dispersal in Fiordland penguins / Tawaki during the pre-moult period. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198688. [PMID: 30157174 PMCID: PMC6114282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Migratory species often roam vast distances bringing them into contact with diverse conditions and threats that could play significant roles in their population dynamics. This is especially true if long-range travels occur within crucial stages of a species’ annual life-cycle. Crested penguins, for example, usually disperse over several hundreds of kilometres after completing the energetically demanding breeding season and in preparation for the costly annual moult. A basic understanding of crested penguins’ pre-moult dispersal is therefore paramount in order to be able to assess factors affecting individual survival. The Fiordland penguin, or Tawaki, the only crested penguin species breeding on the New Zealand mainland, is currently one of the least studied and rarest penguin species in the world. We successfully satellite tracked the pre-moult dispersal of 17 adult Tawaki from a single colony located in the species’ northern breeding distribution. Over the course of 8–10 weeks the penguins travelled up to 2,500 km away from their breeding colony, covering total swimming distances of up to 6,800 km. During outbound travels all penguins headed south-west within a well-defined corridor before branching out towards two general trip destinations. Birds leaving in late November travelled towards the Subtropical Front some 800 km south of Tasmania, whereas penguins that left in December headed further towards the subantarctic front. Using K-select analysis we examined the influence of oceanographic factors on the penguins’ dispersal. Water depth, surface current velocity and sea level anomalies had the greatest influence on penguin movements at the subantarctic Front, while sea surface temperature and chlorophyll a concentration were key for birds travelling to the subtropical front. We discuss our findings in the light of anthropogenic activities (or lack thereof) in the regions visited by the penguins as well as the potential consequences of Tawaki pre-moult dispersal for the species’ breeding distribution on the New Zealand mainland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mattern
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Global Penguin Society, Marcos Zar 2716, Puerto Madryn (9120), Chubut, Argentina
- * E-mail:
| | - Klemens Pütz
- Antarctic Research Trust, Am Oste-Hamme-Kanal 10, Bremervörde, Germany
| | - Pablo Garcia-Borboroglu
- Global Penguin Society, Marcos Zar 2716, Puerto Madryn (9120), Chubut, Argentina
- Centro Nacional Patagónico (CONICET), Boulevard Brown 2825, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Ursula Ellenberg
- Global Penguin Society, Marcos Zar 2716, Puerto Madryn (9120), Chubut, Argentina
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David M. Houston
- Science and Policy Group, Department of Conservation, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Robin Long
- West Coast Penguin Trust, Hokitika, New Zealand
| | - Benno Lüthi
- Antarctic Research Trust, c/o Zoo Zürich, Zürichbergstr, 221, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Philip J. Seddon
- Global Penguin Society, Marcos Zar 2716, Puerto Madryn (9120), Chubut, Argentina
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van Heezik Y, Seddon PJ. Animal reintroductions in peopled landscapes: moving towards urban-based species restorations in New Zealand. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/pc18026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Urban areas are highly modified landscapes that can support significant biodiversity, including threatened species, although native species are usually present at low densities and several native species will be absent. The most powerful tool for increasing urban biodiversity is supporting existing biodiversity through appropriately designed and managed public and private greenspaces, and improving habitat quality. However, if a more proactive strategy is required to overcome recolonisation barriers, then reintroduction is another powerful tool to enhance biodiversity across urban landscapes. The health of cities, in terms of biodiversity, ecosystem services, and the quality of the nature experiences accessed by adults and children largely depends on how much human communities value and know about nature. While community-driven habitat restorations can improve biodiversity and increase human–nature connection, reintroduction of appropriate species could fill ecological gaps that would otherwise remain empty, and further enrich biodiversity in residents’ nearby neighbourhoods. New Zealand is currently a hotspot of reintroduction activity, but these take place in relatively unmodified terrestrial sites, such as national parks, restored offshore islands, and fenced eco-sanctuaries. We review global examples of animal reintroductions taking place within areas modified by human activity, and, using information elicited from 18 experts, consider potential reintroduction candidates, and consider the benefits, opportunities, challenges, and requirements for the reintroduction of native species into New Zealand’s urban areas.
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Selbach C, Seddon PJ, Poulin R. Parasites Lost: Neglecting a Crucial Element in De-Extinction. Trends Parasitol 2017; 34:9-11. [PMID: 28870497 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bringing back iconic and beloved extinct species is a hot and intensely debated current topic. Yet, the parasites of de-extinction candidate species have remained largely overlooked in this debate. Here we point out the potentially far-reaching ecological impacts of bringing back extinct species without their parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Selbach
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Philip J Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Robert Poulin
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Mattern T, Meyer S, Ellenberg U, Houston DM, Darby JT, Young M, van Heezik Y, Seddon PJ. Quantifying climate change impacts emphasises the importance of managing regional threats in the endangered Yellow-eyed penguin. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3272. [PMID: 28533952 PMCID: PMC5436559 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change is a global issue with effects that are difficult to manage at a regional scale. Yet more often than not climate factors are just some of multiple stressors affecting species on a population level. Non-climatic factors—especially those of anthropogenic origins—may play equally important roles with regard to impacts on species and are often more feasible to address. Here we assess the influence of climate change on population trends of the endangered Yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) over the last 30 years, using a Bayesian model. Sea surface temperature (SST) proved to be the dominating factor influencing survival of both adult birds and fledglings. Increasing SST since the mid-1990s was accompanied by a reduction in survival rates and population decline. The population model showed that 33% of the variation in population numbers could be explained by SST alone, significantly increasing pressure on the penguin population. Consequently, the population becomes less resilient to non-climate related impacts, such as fisheries interactions, habitat degradation and human disturbance. However, the extent of the contribution of these factors to declining population trends is extremely difficult to assess principally due to the absence of quantifiable data, creating a discussion bias towards climate variables, and effectively distracting from non-climate factors that can be managed on a regional scale to ensure the viability of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mattern
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Stefan Meyer
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ursula Ellenberg
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David M Houston
- Science and Policy Group, Department of Conservation, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Melanie Young
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Philip J Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J. Seddon
- Department of Zoology University of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin9015 New Zealand
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Stein AM, Young MJ, Darby JT, Seddon PJ, van Heezik Y. Evidence for high inter-generational individual quality in yellow-eyed penguins. PeerJ 2017; 5:e2935. [PMID: 28265492 PMCID: PMC5333550 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal studies focusing on lifetime reproductive success (LRS) have been used to measure individual breeding performance and identify commonalities among successful breeders. By extending the focus to subsequent generations we identify a proportion of high-quality individuals that contribute disproportionately to the population over multiple generations. We used 23 years of yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) breeding data from one breeding area to identify the proportion of individual birds that raised successful breeders, which in turn raised offspring. We explored which life-history components influenced LRS, as this knowledge would enable conservation resources to be focused on high-performing individuals in this endangered population. From 2,147 birds marked as chicks, 370 (17.2%) survived to adulthood and recruited to their natal location, of which 219 (10.2%) fledged offspring: 124 (56.6%) of the 219 birds produced offspring that recruited as breeders. Only 102 birds (4.8% of 2,147) fledged first-generation offspring that in turn fledged offspring (second-generation offspring, or grand-offspring). We found that ∼25% of the birds that survived to breed had above-average LRS as well as above-average numbers of grand-offspring, and were more likely to have produced first-generation chicks that recruited and also produced above-average numbers of second-generation chicks. Our findings suggest that there is a core of “super-breeders” that contribute disproportionately to the population over successive generations. Lifespan and age-at-first-breeding were correlated with LRS. We suggest that traits of birds relating to longevity, health (e.g., immunocompetence) and fitness could be examined to identify potential links with high LRS and inter-generational fecundity. “Super-breeders” appear to consistently achieve high LRS and long lifespans in a stochastic environment, demonstrating greater resilience in the face of extreme events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviva M Stein
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Melanie J Young
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | | | - Philip J Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
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Bennett JR, Maloney RF, Steeves TE, Brazill-Boast J, Possingham HP, Seddon PJ. Spending limited resources on de-extinction could lead to net biodiversity loss. Nat Ecol Evol 2017; 1:53. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-016-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Piaggio AJ, Segelbacher G, Seddon PJ, Alphey L, Bennett EL, Carlson RH, Friedman RM, Kanavy D, Phelan R, Redford KH, Rosales M, Slobodian L, Wheeler K. Is It Time for Synthetic Biodiversity Conservation? Trends Ecol Evol 2017; 32:97-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Spencer J, van Heezik Y, Seddon PJ, Barratt BIP. Synergy between two invasive species, redback spiders and rabbits, threaten the endangered Cromwell chafer beetle. Biol Invasions 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-016-1352-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Recio MR, Maloney RF, Mathieu R, Virgós E, Moore AB, Seddon PJ. Optimizing control programmes by integrating data from fine-scale space use by introduced predators. Biol Invasions 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-016-1274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Watts JO, Moore A, Palmer D, Molteno TCA, Recio MR, Seddon PJ. Trial reintroduction of buff weka to an unfenced mainland site in central South Island, New Zealand. AUSTRAL ECOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jim O. Watts
- Department of Zoology; University of Otago; PO Box 56 Dunedin 9016 New Zealand
| | - Antoni Moore
- School of Surveying; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Dawn Palmer
- Natural Solutions for Nature Ltd.; Queenstown New Zealand
| | | | | | - Philip J. Seddon
- Department of Zoology; University of Otago; PO Box 56 Dunedin 9016 New Zealand
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Iacona G, Maloney RF, Chadès I, Bennett JR, Seddon PJ, Possingham HP. Prioritizing revived species: what are the conservation management implications of de‐extinction? Funct Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gwenllian Iacona
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland Goddard Building 8, St Lucia Qld 4072 Australia
| | - Richard F. Maloney
- Science and Policy Group Department of Conservation Private Bag 4715 Christchurch Mail Centre, Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| | | | - Joseph R. Bennett
- Department of Biology Carleton University 209 Nesbitt Biology Bldg, 1125 Colonel by Drive Ottawa ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Philip J. Seddon
- Department of Zoology University of Otago 340 Great King Street, PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Hugh P. Possingham
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland Goddard Building 8, St Lucia Qld 4072 Australia
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Russell JC, Jones HP, Armstrong DP, Courchamp F, Kappes PJ, Seddon PJ, Oppel S, Rauzon MJ, Cowan PE, Rocamora G, Genovesi P, Bonnaud E, Keitt BS, Holmes ND, Tershy BR. Importance of lethal control of invasive predators for island conservation. Conserv Biol 2016; 30:670-672. [PMID: 26634637 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- James C Russell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
- Island Biodiversity & Conservation Center, University of Seychelles, P.O. Box 1348, Anse Royale, Republic of Seychelles.
| | - Holly P Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute for the Study of the Environment, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 60115, U.S.A
| | - Doug P Armstrong
- Wildlife Ecology Group, Institute of Natural Resources, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Franck Courchamp
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Peter J Kappes
- Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, U.S.A
| | - Philip J Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Steffen Oppel
- RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J Rauzon
- Geography Department, Laney College, Oakland, CA, 94607, U.S.A
| | - Phil E Cowan
- Landcare Research, P.O. Box 69040, Lincoln, 7640, New Zealand
| | - Gérard Rocamora
- Island Biodiversity & Conservation Center, University of Seychelles, P.O. Box 1348, Anse Royale, Republic of Seychelles
| | - Piero Genovesi
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via V. Brancati 48, Rome, I-00144, Italy
| | - Elsa Bonnaud
- Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Bradford S Keitt
- Island Conservation, 2161 Delaware Avenue Suite A, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, U.S.A
| | - Nick D Holmes
- Island Conservation, 2161 Delaware Avenue Suite A, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, U.S.A
| | - Bernie R Tershy
- University of California Santa Cruz, 100 Shaffer Road, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, U.S.A
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Recio MR, Payne K, Seddon PJ. Emblematic forest dwellers reintroduced into cities: resource selection by translocated juvenile kaka. Curr Zool 2016; 62:15-22. [PMID: 29491886 PMCID: PMC5804132 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zov010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Urbanization and exotic species are major threats to the conservation of forest-dependent wildlife species. Some emblematic species, indicators of habitat quality for the conservation of other species, might successfully be reintroduced within cities when habitat restoration and pest management programs are combined. We studied the landscape resource selection of juvenile kaka Nestor meridionalis tracked with Global Positioning System (GPS) units and released into the predator-free reserve of Zealandia in Wellington city, New Zealand. Kaka moved beyond the predator exclusion fence into urban suburbs. The home range size and areas of high use estimated using local convex hull (a-LoCoH) ranged from 20 to 240 ha and 2 to 21 ha, respectively. Using resource selection functions and model selection we found that native forest patches and urban areas close to the reserve were selected by kaka to establish their home ranges. At a lower scale of selection (i.e., selection of habitats within home ranges), kaka selected the same habitat, but not necessarily those close to the reserve. Native forest patches throughout the city can facilitate the dispersal of individuals, while the reserve provides protection and opportunities for supplementary feeding. Urban areas might have been selected due to the placement of feeders in private backyards. Survival of forest-dwelling species in cities requires careful urban planning and management to provide the necessary habitat patches, refugia, and food sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano R Recio
- School of Surveying, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand, and
| | - Keith Payne
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand, and.,Department of Physics, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Philip J Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand, and
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Swan KD, McPherson JM, Seddon PJ, Moehrenschlager A. Managing Marine Biodiversity: The Rising Diversity and Prevalence of Marine Conservation Translocations. Conserv Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly D. Swan
- Centre for Conservation Research; Calgary Zoological Society; Calgary Canada
| | - Jana M. McPherson
- Centre for Conservation Research; Calgary Zoological Society; Calgary Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences; Simon Fraser University; Burnaby Canada
| | - Philip J. Seddon
- Department of Zoology; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
- Bird Section Chair; IUCN Species Survival Commission Reintroduction Specialist Group
| | - Axel Moehrenschlager
- Centre for Conservation Research; Calgary Zoological Society; Calgary Canada
- Chair; IUCN Species Survival Commission Reintroduction Specialist Group
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Seddon PJ. De-extinction: Reframing the Possible. Trends Ecol Evol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Trathan PN, García-Borboroglu P, Boersma D, Bost CA, Crawford RJM, Crossin GT, Cuthbert RJ, Dann P, Davis LS, De La Puente S, Ellenberg U, Lynch HJ, Mattern T, Pütz K, Seddon PJ, Trivelpiece W, Wienecke B. Pollution, habitat loss, fishing, and climate change as critical threats to penguins. Conserv Biol 2015; 29:31-41. [PMID: 25102756 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cumulative human impacts across the world's oceans are considerable. We therefore examined a single model taxonomic group, the penguins (Spheniscidae), to explore how marine species and communities might be at risk of decline or extinction in the southern hemisphere. We sought to determine the most important threats to penguins and to suggest means to mitigate these threats. Our review has relevance to other taxonomic groups in the southern hemisphere and in northern latitudes, where human impacts are greater. Our review was based on an expert assessment and literature review of all 18 penguin species; 49 scientists contributed to the process. For each penguin species, we considered their range and distribution, population trends, and main anthropogenic threats over the past approximately 250 years. These threats were harvesting adults for oil, skin, and feathers and as bait for crab and rock lobster fisheries; harvesting of eggs; terrestrial habitat degradation; marine pollution; fisheries bycatch and resource competition; environmental variability and climate change; and toxic algal poisoning and disease. Habitat loss, pollution, and fishing, all factors humans can readily mitigate, remain the primary threats for penguin species. Their future resilience to further climate change impacts will almost certainly depend on addressing current threats to existing habitat degradation on land and at sea. We suggest protection of breeding habitat, linked to the designation of appropriately scaled marine reserves, including in the High Seas, will be critical for the future conservation of penguins. However, large-scale conservation zones are not always practical or politically feasible and other ecosystem-based management methods that include spatial zoning, bycatch mitigation, and robust harvest control must be developed to maintain marine biodiversity and ensure that ecosystem functioning is maintained across a variety of scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil N Trathan
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
The rate of biodiversity loss is not slowing despite global commitments, and the depletion of animal species can reduce the stability of ecological communities. Despite this continued loss, some substantial progress in reversing defaunation is being achieved through the intentional movement of animals to restore populations. We review the full spectrum of conservation translocations, from reinforcement and reintroduction to controversial conservation introductions that seek to restore populations outside their indigenous range or to introduce ecological replacements for extinct forms. We place the popular, but misunderstood, concept of rewilding within this framework and consider the future role of new technical developments such as de-extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Post Office Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Christine J Griffiths
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1UG, UK
| | | | - Doug P Armstrong
- Institute of Natural Resources, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Seddon PJ, Moehrenschlager A, Ewen J. Reintroducing resurrected species: selecting DeExtinction candidates. Trends Ecol Evol 2014; 29:140-7. [PMID: 24513302 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Technological advances have raised the controversial prospect of resurrecting extinct species. Species DeExtinction should involve more than the production of biological orphans to be scrutinized in the laboratory or zoo. If DeExtinction is to realize its stated goals of deep ecological enrichment, then resurrected animals must be translocated (i.e., released within suitable habitat). Therefore, DeExtinction is a conservation translocation issue and the selection of potential DeExtinction candidates must consider the feasibility and risks associated with reintroduction. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Guidelines on Reintroductions and Other Conservation Translocations provide a framework for DeExtinction candidate selection. We translate these Guidelines into ten questions to be addressed early on in the selection process to eliminate unsuitable reintroduction candidates. We apply these questions to the thylacine, Yangtze River Dolphin, and Xerces blue butterfly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Axel Moehrenschlager
- Center for Conservation Research, Calgary Zoological Society, 1300 Zoo Road, Calgary, Alberta T2E 7V6, Canada
| | - John Ewen
- Institute of Zoology, London Zoological Society, London NW1 4RY, UK
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Mattern T, Ellenberg U, Houston DM, Lamare M, Davis LS, van Heezik Y, Seddon PJ. Straight line foraging in yellow-eyed penguins: new insights into cascading fisheries effects and orientation capabilities of marine predators. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84381. [PMID: 24367656 PMCID: PMC3867488 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Free-ranging marine predators rarely search for prey along straight lines because dynamic ocean processes usually require complex search strategies. If linear movement patterns occur they are usually associated with travelling events or migratory behaviour. However, recent fine scale tracking of flying seabirds has revealed straight-line movements while birds followed fishing vessels. Unlike flying seabirds, penguins are not known to target and follow fishing vessels. Yet yellow-eyed penguins from New Zealand often exhibit directed movement patterns while searching for prey at the seafloor, a behaviour that seems to contradict common movement ecology theories. While deploying GPS dive loggers on yellow-eyed penguins from the Otago Peninsula we found that the birds frequently followed straight lines for several kilometres with little horizontal deviation. In several cases individuals swam up and down the same line, while some of the lines were followed by more than one individual. Using a remote operated vehicle (ROV) we found a highly visible furrow on the seafloor most likely caused by an otter board of a demersal fish trawl, which ran in a straight line exactly matching the trajectory of a recent line identified from penguin tracks. We noted high abundances of benthic scavengers associated with fisheries-related bottom disturbance. While our data demonstrate the acute way-finding capabilities of benthic foraging yellow-eyed penguins, they also highlight how hidden cascading effects of coastal fisheries may alter behaviour and potentially even population dynamics of marine predators, an often overlooked fact in the examination of fisheries’ impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mattern
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Ursula Ellenberg
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - David M. Houston
- Department of Conservation, Science and Capability, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Miles Lamare
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lloyd S. Davis
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Philip J. Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Gebauer K, Dickinson KJM, Whigham PA, Seddon PJ. Matrix matters: differences of grand skink metapopulation parameters in native tussock grasslands and exotic pasture grasslands. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76076. [PMID: 24098423 PMCID: PMC3788794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Modelling metapopulation dynamics is a potentially very powerful tool for conservation biologists. In recent years, scientists have broadened the range of variables incorporated into metapopulation modelling from using almost exclusively habitat patch size and isolation, to the inclusion of attributes of the matrix and habitat patch quality. We investigated the influence of habitat patch and matrix characteristics on the metapopulation parameters of a highly endangered lizard species, the New Zealand endemic grand skink (Oligosoma grande) taking into account incomplete detectability. The predictive ability of the developed zxmetapopulation model was assessed through cross-validation of the data and with an independent data-set. Grand skinks occur on scattered rock-outcrops surrounded by indigenous tussock (bunch) and pasture grasslands therefore implying a metapopulation structure. We found that the type of matrix surrounding the habitat patch was equally as important as the size of habitat patch for estimating occupancy, colonisation and extinction probabilities. Additionally, the type of matrix was more important than the physical distance between habitat patches for colonisation probabilities. Detection probability differed between habitat patches in the two matrix types and between habitat patches with different attributes such as habitat patch composition and abundance of vegetation on the outcrop. The developed metapopulation models can now be used for management decisions on area protection, monitoring, and the selection of translocation sites for the grand skink. Our study showed that it is important to incorporate not only habitat patch size and distance between habitat patches, but also those matrix type and habitat patch attributes which are vital in the ecology of the target species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstanze Gebauer
- Department of Botany, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Philip J. Seddon
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Recio MR, Mathieu R, Hall GB, Moore AB, Seddon PJ. Landscape resource mapping for wildlife research using very high resolution satellite imagery. Methods Ecol Evol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Renaud Mathieu
- Earth Observation Research Group; CSIR-Natural Resource Environment; Pretoria; South Africa
| | - G. Brent Hall
- School of Surveying; University of Otago; Box 56; Dunedin; New Zealand
| | - Antoni B. Moore
- School of Surveying; University of Otago; Box 56; Dunedin; New Zealand
| | - Philip J. Seddon
- Department of Zoology; University of Otago; Box 56; Dunedin; New Zealand
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Recio MR, Seddon PJ. Understanding determinants of home range behaviour of feral cats as introduced apex predators in insular ecosystems: a spatial approach. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-013-1605-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ellenberg U, Mattern T, Seddon PJ. Heart rate responses provide an objective evaluation of human disturbance stimuli in breeding birds. Conserv Physiol 2013; 1:cot013. [PMID: 27293597 PMCID: PMC4806616 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cot013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Intuition is a poor guide for evaluating the effects of human disturbance on wildlife. Using the endangered Yellow-eyed penguin, Megadyptes antipodes, as an example, we show that heart rate responses provide an objective tool to evaluate human disturbance stimuli and encourage the wider use of this simple and low-impact approach. Yellow-eyed penguins are a flagship species for New Zealand's wildlife tourism; however, unregulated visitor access has recently been associated with reduced breeding success and lower first year survival. We measured heart rate responses of Yellow-eyed penguins via artificial eggs to evaluate a range of human stimuli regularly occurring at their breeding sites. We found the duration of a stimulus to be the most important factor, with elevated heart rate being sustained while a person remained within sight. Human activity was the next important component; a simulated wildlife photographer, crawling slowly around during his stay, elicited a significantly higher heart rate response than an entirely motionless human spending the same time at the same distance. Stimuli we subjectively might perceive as low impact, such as the careful approach of a 'wildlife photographer', resulted in a stronger response than a routine nest-check that involved lifting a bird up to view nest contents. A single, slow-moving human spending 20 min within 2 m from the nest may provoke a response comparable to that of 10 min handling a bird for logger deployment. To reduce cumulative impact of disturbance, any human presence in the proximity of Yellow-eyed penguins needs to be kept at a minimum. Our results highlight the need for objective quantification of the effects of human disturbance in order to provide a sound basis for guidelines to manage human activity around breeding birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Ellenberg
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, 340 Great King Street, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Knight MH, Seddon PJ, Midfa AA. Transboundary conservation initiatives and opportunities in the Arabian Peninsula. Zoology in the Middle East 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09397140.2011.10648909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rodriguez Recio M, Mathieu R, Latham MC, Latham ADM, Seddon PJ. Quantifying fine-scale resource selection by introduced European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in ecologically sensitive areas. Biol Invasions 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-013-0410-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Recio MR, Mathieu R, Denys P, Sirguey P, Seddon PJ. Lightweight GPS-tags, one giant leap for wildlife tracking? An assessment approach. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28225. [PMID: 22163286 PMCID: PMC3233555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent technological improvements have made possible the development of lightweight GPS-tagging devices suitable to track medium-to-small sized animals. However, current inferences concerning GPS performance are based on heavier designs, suitable only for large mammals. Lightweight GPS-units are deployed close to the ground, on species selecting micro-topographical features and with different behavioural patterns in comparison to larger mammal species. We assessed the effects of vegetation, topography, motion, and behaviour on the fix success rate for lightweight GPS-collar across a range of natural environments, and at the scale of perception of feral cats (Felis catus). Units deployed at 20 cm above the ground in sites of varied vegetation and topography showed that trees (native forest) and shrub cover had the largest influence on fix success rate (89% on average); whereas tree cover, sky availability, number of satellites and horizontal dilution of position (HDOP) were the main variables affecting location error (±39.5 m and ±27.6 m before and after filtering outlier fixes). Tests on HDOP or number of satellites-based screening methods to remove inaccurate locations achieved only a small reduction of error and discarded many accurate locations. Mobility tests were used to simulate cats' motion, revealing a slightly lower performance as compared to the fixed sites. GPS-collars deployed on 43 cats showed no difference in fix success rate by sex or season. Overall, fix success rate and location error values were within the range of previous tests carried out with collars designed for larger species. Lightweight GPS-tags are a suitable method to track medium to small size species, hence increasing the range of opportunities for spatial ecology research. However, the effects of vegetation, topography and behaviour on location error and fix success rate need to be evaluated prior to deployment, for the particular study species and their habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano R Recio
- School of Surveying, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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48
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Seddon PJ, Price MS, Launay F, Maunder M, Soorae P, Molur S, Armstrong D, Jordan M, Dalrymple S, Genovesi P. Frankenstein ecosystems and 21st century conservation agendas: reply to Oliveira-Santos and Fernandez. Conserv Biol 2011; 25:212-213. [PMID: 21410529 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01647.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Sutherland WJ, Armstrong D, Butchart SHM, Earnhardt JM, Ewen J, Jamieson I, Jones CG, Lee R, Newbery P, Nichols JD, Parker KA, Sarrazin F, Seddon PJ, Shah N, Tatayah V. Standards for documenting and monitoring bird reintroduction projects. Conserv Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-263x.2010.00113.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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