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Bhatia K, Columb M, Shelton C, Lie J, Leach S, Froud O, Verma D, Sturgess P, Sawyerr A, Desai J, Gould N, Kumari S, Sen U, Verma P, Kamath P, Koirala A, Kimber‐Craig S, Eccles J, Bewlay A, Eslam E, Radwan M, Hulgur M, Christian J, Aiyad A. Epidural labour analgesia rates during the
COVID
‐19 pandemic in the north‐west of England. Anaesthesia 2022; 77:1055-1056. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.15780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bhatia K, Columb M, Bewlay A, Tageldin N, Knapp C, Qamar Y, Dooley A, Kamath P, Hulgur M. Decision-to-delivery interval and neonatal outcomes for category-1 caesarean sections during the COVID-19 pandemic. Anaesthesia 2021; 76:1051-1059. [PMID: 33891311 PMCID: PMC8251307 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
General anaesthesia is known to achieve the shortest decision‐to‐delivery interval for category‐1 caesarean section. We investigated whether the COVID‐19 pandemic affected the decision‐to delivery interval and influenced neonatal outcomes in patients who underwent category‐1 caesarean section. Records of 562 patients who underwent emergency caesarean section between 1 April 2019 and 1 July 2019 in seven UK hospitals (pre‐COVID‐19 group) were compared with 577 emergency caesarean sections performed during the same period during the COVID‐19 pandemic (1 April 2020–1 July 2020) (post‐COVID‐19 group). Primary outcome measures were: decision‐to‐delivery interval; number of caesarean sections achieving decision‐to‐delivery interval < 30 min; and a composite of adverse neonatal outcomes (Apgar 5‐min score < 7, umbilical arterial pH < 7.10, neonatal intensive care unit admission and stillbirth). The use of general anaesthesia decreased significantly between the pre‐ and post‐COVID‐19 groups (risk ratio 0.48 (95%CI 0.37–0.62); p < 0.0001). Compared with the pre‐COVID‐19 group, the post‐COVID‐19 group had an increase in median (IQR [range]) decision‐to‐delivery interval (26 (18–32 [4–124]) min vs. 27 (20–33 [3–102]) min; p = 0.043) and a decrease in the number of caesarean sections meeting the decision‐to‐delivery interval target of < 30 min (374/562 (66.5%) vs. 349/577 (60.5%); p = 0.02). The incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes was similar in the pre‐ and post‐COVID‐19 groups (140/568 (24.6%) vs. 140/583 (24.0%), respectively; p = 0.85). The small increase in decision‐to‐delivery interval observed during the COVID‐19 pandemic did not adversely affect neonatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bhatia
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Medical School, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - M Columb
- Department of Anaesthesia, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - A Bewlay
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
| | - N Tageldin
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine, Saint Mary's Hospital, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - C Knapp
- North West School of Anaesthesia, Health Education England North West, Manchester, UK
| | - Y Qamar
- North West School of Anaesthesia, Health Education England North West, Manchester, UK
| | - A Dooley
- Department of Anaesthesia, Liverpool Women's Hospital, Liverpool Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - P Kamath
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Bolton Hospital, Bolton NHS Foundation Trust, Bolton, UK
| | - M Hulgur
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Hospital Foundation Trust, Wigan, UK
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Menezes F, Luthra K, Kamath P, Singal N. Postpartum ischaemic stroke following an epidural blood patch. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2020; 81:1-3. [PMID: 33263465 DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2020.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Menezes
- Department of Anaesthetics, Luton & Dunstable University Hospital, Luton, UK
| | - K Luthra
- Department of Anaesthetics, Luton & Dunstable University Hospital, Luton, UK
| | - P Kamath
- Department of Anaesthetics, Luton & Dunstable University Hospital, Luton, UK
| | - N Singal
- Department of Anaesthetics, Kettering General Hospital, Kettering, UK
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Collins S, Kamath P, Matsuura S, Jolly D, Slomovitz B, Kasahara N. Therapeutic efficacy of vocimagene amiretrorepvec (Toca 511) prodrug activator gene therapy in peritoneal carcinomatosis models of ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.03.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Oldak S, Ioannou S, Kamath P, Huang M, Slomovitz B, Schlumbrecht M. Disparities in the evolution of polypharmacy among women with ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.03.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bendel E, Sniderman K, Shaw C, Frederick R, Wong F, Sanyal A, Asrani S, Kamath P, Capel J, Haskal Z. 4:21 PM Abstract No. 70 Technical considerations and outcomes from the MOSAIC study: a multicenter, open-label prospective study of the Alfapump system used for management of refractory ascites. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Prajapati D, Nayak R, Pai D, Upadhya N, K Bhaskar V, Kamath P. Effect of Resin Infiltration on Artificial Caries: An in vitro Evaluation of Resin Penetration and Microhardness. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 10:250-256. [PMID: 29104384 PMCID: PMC5661038 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the effectiveness of resin infiltration on artificial caries lesion by assessing the depth of resin penetration and the change in microhardness of lesion postinfiltration. Materials and methods Totally 45 human extracted premolars were used to create an artificial demineralized lesion in enamel using demineralizing solution. A total of 15 samples (group I) were infiltrated with resin. The depth of resin penetration was studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Other half (n = 30) of samples was equally divided into three subgroups and Vickers hardness number (VHN) values were obtained to measure the surface microhardness as group 11 a—before demineralization, 11 b—after demineralization, IIc—postresin infiltration. Results Mean depth of penetration in group I was 516.8 urn. There was statistically significant increase in VHN values of demineralized lesion postresin infiltration (independent Student’s t-test, p < 0.001). Conclusion Penetration depth of the resin infiltrant was deep enough to render beneficial effects, while significant increase in microhardness was observed postresin infiltration. Clinical significance Infiltrant used can be considered as a valid treatment option for noncavitated lesions. How to cite this article Prajapati D, Nayak R, Pai D, Upadhya N, Bhaskar VK, Kamath P. Effect of Resin Infiltration on Artificial Caries: An in vitro Evaluation of Resin Penetration and Microhardness. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(3):250-256.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepesh Prajapati
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics, NIMS Dental College and Hospital Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rashmi Nayak
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepika Pai
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagraj Upadhya
- Associate Professor, Department of Dental Materials, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vipin K Bhaskar
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Marie, Puducherry, India
| | - Pujan Kamath
- Private Practitioner, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Kamath P, Nayak R, Kamath SU, Pai D. A comparative evaluation of the remineralization potential of three commercially available remineralizing agents on white spot lesions in primary teeth: An in vitro study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2017; 35:229-237. [PMID: 28762349 DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_242_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The focus in caries management has shifted to early detection of caries lesions and targeted noninvasive management of incipient lesions using novel remineralizing agents. AIM This study aimed to compare and evaluate the remineralization potential of commercially available agents containing nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA), casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF), and Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) on artificially induced white spot lesions in primary teeth. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This is an in vitro double-blind randomized study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty extracted or exfoliated primary teeth were selected and randomized as follows: Group I: FTCP, Group II: fluoridated dentifrice, Group III: CPP-ACPF, and Group IV: Nano-HA. DIAGNOdent readings and scanning electron microscope (SEM) energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis were carried out at baseline. The samples were subjected to the test agents after inducing white spot lesions. The readings were repeated postdemineralization and postremineralization. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20 software with one-way ANOVA, post hoc Tukey's HSD, and paired t-test. RESULTS SEM evaluation showed favorable surface changes in all the four study groups after remineralization therapy. Intragroup comparison of DIAGNOdent and EDX readings showed a highly significant difference between baseline, postdemineralization, and postremineralization values. However, the intergroup comparison was statistically nonsignificant. CONCLUSION All test agents were comparable in their remineralization potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pujan Kamath
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Rashmi Nayak
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Shobha U Kamath
- Department of Biochemistry, KMC Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepika Pai
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Pereira T, Shetty S, Chande M, Kamath P. Whistle Abrasion: A Case Report. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2017; 6:389-391. [PMID: 28540109 PMCID: PMC5423341 DOI: 10.4103/amhsr.amhsr_438_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abrasion is the physical wearing of a tooth surface which can involve the presence of a foreign object repeatedly being in contact with the tooth. A 40-year-old male patient reported to our dental clinic with a 2–3 mm uneven gap between his upper and lower front teeth on occlusion. A detailed history revealed that he was a physical education teacher, and the habitual placement of the whistle for the last 15 years caused an indentation on the whistle which coincided with the abraded teeth. Conditions such as abrasion may need active restorations. A general dental practitioner should accurately identify the cause and treat the esthetic and functional impairment as required.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Pereira
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dentistry, D. Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Shetty
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dentistry, D. Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - M Chande
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dentistry, D. Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - P Kamath
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dentistry, D. Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Kamath P, Raitano G, Fernández A, Rallo R, Benfenati E. In silico exploratory study using structure-activity relationship models and metabolic information for prediction of mutagenicity based on the Ames test and rodent micronucleus assay. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2015; 26:1017-1031. [PMID: 26565432 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2015.1108932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The mutagenic potential of chemicals is a cause of growing concern, due to the possible impact on human health. In this paper we have developed a knowledge-based approach, combining information from structure-activity relationship (SAR) and metabolic triggers generated from the metabolic fate of chemicals in biological systems for prediction of mutagenicity in vitro based on the Ames test and in vivo based on the rodent micronucleus assay. In the first part of the work, a model was developed, which comprises newly generated SAR rules and a set of metabolic triggers. These SAR rules and metabolic triggers were further externally validated to predict mutagenicity in vitro, with metabolic triggers being used only to predict mutagenicity of chemicals, which were predicted unknown, by SARpy. Hence, this model has a higher accuracy than the SAR model, with an accuracy of 89% for the training set and 75% for the external validation set. Subsequently, the results of the second part of this work enlist a set of metabolic triggers for prediction of mutagenicity in vivo, based on the rodent micronucleus assay. Finally, the results of the third part enlist a list of metabolic triggers to find similarities and differences in the mutagenic response of chemicals in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kamath
- a Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica , Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Tarragona , Spain
| | - G Raitano
- b Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department Environmental Health Sciences , Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri , Milan , Italy
| | - A Fernández
- a Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica , Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Tarragona , Spain
| | - R Rallo
- c Departament d'Enginyeria Informatica i Matematiques , Universitat Rovira i Virgili , Tarragona , Spain
| | - E Benfenati
- b Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department Environmental Health Sciences , Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri , Milan , Italy
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Kamath P, Anderson K, Crozier M, White A, White A. Preoperative transvaginal ultrasound is an effective tool for assessing depth of myometrial invasion and tumor size in low grade endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Cheriyan A, Kamath P, Rajiv C. Busting the myth of ventricular dysfunction secondary to dyssynchrony in WPW syndromes. Indian Heart J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2014.10.358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Hegde M, Hegde C, Parajuli U, Kamath P, D MR. Combined orthodontic and surgical correction of an adolescent patient with thin palatal cortex and vertical maxillary excess. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2013; 10:88-92. [PMID: 23434972 DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v10i3.8029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the treatment of a male patient aged 14 years who presented with a skeletal class I, vertical maxillary excess, marked increase in overjet, thin palatal cortex and a gummy smile. Considering the severity of his malocclusion and its impact severity on his psychosocial well being, he was managed with a combined approach of Fixed Orthodontic therapy and Orthognathic surgery, even though his growth was not complete. Records of Pre treatment, Post treatment and three years in retention were analyzed and the functional and esthetic results were found to be fairly stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hegde
- Department of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, DAPM R V Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, India.
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Pai AU, Chakrapani M, Bhaskaran U, Kamath P. Study of home-monitored night blood pressure and its correlation with left ventricular hypertrophy in treatment-naive hypertensive patients. Singapore Med J 2012; 53:95-98. [PMID: 22337182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring is a well-validated tool that can reveal the patient's nocturnal dipping pattern. However, to the best of our knowledge, the role of home BP monitoring in identifying nocturnal dipping has not been studied. METHODS We evaluated the nocturnal BP of 30 treatment-naive subjects using a home BP monitoring device. BP measurements were taken once during the daytime and once at night (three hours after sleep) by a blinded observer. Readings were correlated with left ventricular mass index. RESULTS Night BP measurements were significantly lower in subjects without left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) as compared to those with LVH, while the daytime readings were not significantly different between the two. The mean dips in nocturnal systolic and diastolic BP were 1.92% ± 6.89% and -0.55% ± 14.31%, respectively, in subjects with LVH. The corresponding values were 12.96% ± 6.16% and 11.36% ± 11.90% in those without LVH. The correlation between left ventricular mass index and night BP readings was statistically significant (systolic r = 0.66, p < 0.001; diastolic r = 0.496, p < 0.005). CONCLUSION Nocturnal BP measurement using a home BP monitoring device may be a reliable and cost-effective method for detecting early signs of end-organ involvement such as LVH in hypertensives, especially in a resource-limited setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- A U Pai
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Mangalore 575001, India
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Kamath P, Subrahmanyam VM, Rao JV, Raj PV. Optimization of cultural conditions for protease production by a fungal species. Indian J Pharm Sci 2010; 72:161-6. [PMID: 20838518 PMCID: PMC2929773 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.65017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2009] [Revised: 11/06/2009] [Accepted: 01/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies were carried out on a paddy soil fungal isolate identified to be a strain of Aspergillus niger from Manipal. The parameters that largely impact enzyme production viz., fermentation time, impeller speed, pH, temperature and nutrient supplements were studied. Optimization of production parameters for production of protease was done by the single-parameter mode. Casein served as substrate and proteolytic activity was estimated using Folin-Ciocalteau method at 660 nm. A maximum yield of 71.3 mg tyrosine/g casein substrate was produced in 96 h on a soluble starch medium at pH 4 in shake flask experiments. Production was carried out on a 3-liter fermenter and 40.7 mg of tyrosine was liberated/g of substrate. The enzyme was extracted with 50% ammonium sulfate and sodium dodecyl sulfate-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed two bands having mw 45.7 kDa and 38.5 kDa, respectively. The enzyme activity was found to be 147.84 U/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Kamath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal-576 104, India
| | - V. M. Subrahmanyam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal-576 104, India
| | - J. Venkata Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal-576 104, India
| | - P. Vasantha Raj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal-576 104, India
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Kamath P, Longden J, Stack C, Mayer A. A randomised prospective trial to compare the efficacy of bolus versus continuous nasogastric feeding in paediatric intensive care. Crit Care 2009. [PMCID: PMC4084028 DOI: 10.1186/cc7306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Saghari P, Kamath P, Arbab VR, Haghi M, Willner AE, Bannister JA, Touch JD. Experimental demonstration of interference avoidance protocol (transmission scheduling) in O-CDMA networks. Opt Express 2007; 15:16442-16447. [PMID: 19550934 DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.016442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate a transmission scheduling algorithm to avoid congestion collapse in O-CDMA networks. Our result shows that transmission scheduling increases the performance of the system by orders of magnitude.
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Shivaprakasha S, Radhakrishnan K, Kamath P, Karim PMS. LATE PROSTHETIC VALVE ENDOCARDITIS DUE TO CARDIOBACTERIUM HOMINIS, AN UNUSUAL COMPLICATION. Indian J Med Microbiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)02239-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Shivaprakasha S, Radhakrishnan K, Kamath P, Karim P. Late prosthetic valve endocarditis due to Cardiobacterium hominis, an unusual complication. Indian J Med Microbiol 2007; 25:64-6. [PMID: 17377358 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.31067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by Cardiobacterium hominis in a patient who had undergone atrial septal defect closure and mitral valve replacement of the heart in 1978. He presented with pyrexia of unknown origin and congestive cardiac failure. Investigations revealed infective endocarditis of prosthetic valve in mitral portion. Blood culture samples grew C. hominis. The patient was empirically started on vancomycin and gentamicin intravenously and ceftriaxone was added after isolation of the organism. Though subsequent blood cultures were negative, patient remained in congestive cardiac failure and died due to complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shivaprakasha
- Department of Microbiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Kochi, Kerala, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- D N Carroll
- Neonatal Unit, Forth Park Hospital, Kirkcaldy, KY2 6RA, UK.
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Jose VJ, Kamath P. Brugada syndrome. Indian Heart J 2003; 55:193. [PMID: 12921341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V Jacob Jose
- Department of Cardiology, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore
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Sivakumar K, Anil SR, Ravichandra M, Natarajan KU, Kamath P, Kumar RK. Emergency transcatheter balloon recanalization of acutely thrombosed modified Blalock-Taussig shunts. Indian Heart J 2001; 53:743-8. [PMID: 11838928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modified Blalock-Taussig shunts are used to palliate a variety of cyanotic heart diseases associated with reduced pulmonary blood flow. Acute shunt thrombosis in patients with shunt-dependent pulmonary blood flow can result in life-threatening hypoxia. We describe our experience of emergency transcatheter recanalization in 5 severely hypoxic children with acute shunt occlusion. METHODS AND RESULTS Five patients with ages ranging between 5 and 24 months (median 11 months) and weight ranging from 4 to 8 kg (median 5 kg) presented with severe hypoxia, acidosis and hypotension following acute occlusion of modified Blalock-Taussig shunts placed 11 days to 12 months ago. As severe hypoxia (saturation range 3 5%-5 0%), acidosis and a state of shock in all the patients increased the risk for a redo surgical procedure, they were taken up for emergency transcatheter recanalization within 2-6 hours of hospitalization. This was done by positioning a Judkin's right coronary catheter at the mouth of the thrombosed shunt, crossing the shunt with a guidewire and serial dilatations with coronary and/or peripheral angioplasty balloons to the size of the graft. This technique was immediately successful in 4 of the 5 patients, thereby avoiding a repeat palliative operation. In 2 patients with residual stenosis, stents were used to restore luminal patency. One patient with acute stent thrombosis was managed successfully with local delivery of thrombolysis for 36 hours, which resulted in good luminal patency. At follow-up after 6 and 12 months, the shunts in both the stented patients are patent, with an oxygen saturation of 78% and 80%, respectively. In 2 other patients who had undergone plain balloon angioplasty, the shunts remained patent for 11 days (died of bronchopneumonia and septicemia) and 3 months, respectively. The procedure was unsuccessful in one very sick patient in whom the shunt had a tortuous course. CONCLUSIONS Transcatheter recanalization of an acutely thrombosed Blalock-Taussig shunt is feasible. It can offer satisfactory short-term palliation in selected patients. Stents may play a role in patients with residual narrowing after dilatation. The procedure can be expeditiously accomplished in an emergency situation in a severely hypoxic child and may be a realistic alternative to surgery or thrombolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sivakumar
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, Kerala
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Abstract
This paper evaluates the concept of evidence-based practice (EBP) and appraises critically the implementation process of the EBP initiative, noting its consonance with the aspirations of the dominant political culture and offering a critique of the inherent contradictions and ethical dilemmas associated with it. A critical evaluation of the implications for practitioners and service users is offered and the authors argue that while the concept of EBP is a laudable one, there is a need to exercise caution about uncritical acceptance and evidence that a more eclectic and less reductionist approach to EBP is essential for quality service development.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Colyer
- Department of Radiography, Canterbury Christ Church College, Kent, England
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24
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Abstract
Rheumatic mitral stenosis in some parts of the world afflicts even young children. Percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) using Inoue balloon in these children is not well reported. Forty-five children (aged 7-12 years, mean 11.0 +/- 1.2 years) with severe rheumatic mitral stenosis (mitral valve area [MVA] 0.64 +/- 0.14 cm2) underwent PTMC. The pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAW) decreased from 24.3 +/- 8.6 to 14.7 +/- 7.2 mmHg (P < 0.0001) and mean diastolic gradient decreased from 24.3 +/- 7.7 to 7.9 +/- 5.9 mmHg with the final MVA of 1.63 +/- 0.45 cm2 (P < 0.0001). Complications included significant mitral regurgitation (MR) in three children and atrial shunting in two patients. No procedural death, systemic embolism, and cardiac tamponade were encountered. Twenty-four children had maximum balloon size (MBS) same as recommended balloon size (RBS) derived according to the height (group I) and 21 children had MBS 1-3 mm less than RBS (group II). Despite the lesser maximum balloon size, the final results were comparable in both groups (MVA group 1.66 +/- 0.44 vs. group II 1.61 +/- 0.48 P = NS). The incidence of significant MR (2 and 1 in group I and group II, respectively) was similar. On follow-up of 20.4 +/- 16.3 months (range 3-56 months), one child developed restenosis. We conclude that PTMC is safe and effective in children less than 12 years of age. However, the smaller balloon size than the RBS derived from height may be equally effective and possibly safer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Kothari
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiothoracic Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
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25
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Abstract
We report a case of shearing of the outer coat of the guide wire and its embolization into the pulmonary artery during pericardiocentesis. This unusual foreign body was successfully removed by pervenous method.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Reddy
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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26
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Chen Z, Kamath P, Zhang S, St John L, Adler-Storthz K, Shillitoe EJ. Effects on tumor cells of ribozymes that cleave the RNA transcripts of human papillomavirus type 18. Cancer Gene Ther 1996; 3:18-23. [PMID: 8785706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Many human cervical and oral carcinomas express RNA of human papillomaviruses, and the RNA transcript provides a potential target for gene therapy of these carcinomas. Three hammerhead ribozymes that were targeted to RNA of human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV-18) were cloned into a plasmid expression vector. Each plasmid was then transfected into the HPV-18-expressing cell line. HeLa, or the non-HPV-expressing oral cancer cell line, Tu167. None of the ribozymes had any effect on the phenotype of Tu167 cells. In contrast, each ribozyme affected the phenotype of HeLa cells, causing reduced growth rates, increased serum dependency, and reduced focus formation in soft agar. A molecule that had the same antisense sequences as a ribozyme but lacked the catalytic sequences affected the HeLa cell phenotype to a much lesser extent. The effects of two of the ribozymes could be attributed in part to an increased intracellular concentration of the tumor suppressor protein p53. The most effective ribozyme was targeted to nucleotide 309 in the HPV-18 transcript, but each of the three ribozymes appears to have potential for gene therapy of cancers that express HPV-18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Chen
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Texas Dental Branch, Houston 77225, USA
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27
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Chen Z, Kamath P, Zhang S, Weil MM, Shillitoe EJ. Effectiveness of three ribozymes for cleavage of an RNA transcript from human papillomavirus type 18. Cancer Gene Ther 1995; 2:263-71. [PMID: 8548580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We tested three hammerhead ribozymes for their ability to bind and cleave RNA transcripts derived from the E6 and E7 genes of human papillomavirus (HPV) type-18. Targets were located at nucleotides (nt) 123, 309, and 671 of the viral transcript. In vitro each ribozyme hybridized to its target site when the ribozyme:target ratio was 20:1 or greater and achieved maximal hybridization within 1 hour. HPV RNA from the HeLa cervical cancer cell line was cleaved effectively by each ribozyme. When HPV RNA and a ribozyme were expressed simultaneously in Escherichia coli, each ribozyme produced a significant reduction in the intracellular concentration of HPV RNA. In each assay the ribozyme directed to nt 309 was the most effective. A noncatalytic antisense molecule was used as a control and did not digest HPV RNA or reduce its concentration. The data imply that three different ribozymes each have potential for use in gene therapy of human tumors that express HPV-18 but that the ribozyme targeted to nt 309 is likely to be most effective.
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MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- DNA Probes, HPV
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- Escherichia coli
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Viral/drug effects
- Genes, Immediate-Early
- Genetic Therapy/methods
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Nucleic Acid Conformation
- Oncogene Proteins, Viral/biosynthesis
- Papillomaviridae/genetics
- RNA, Catalytic/metabolism
- RNA, Catalytic/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Neoplasm/drug effects
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- RNA, Viral/drug effects
- RNA, Viral/genetics
- RNA, Viral/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Chen
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Texas Dental Branch, Houston, USA
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28
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Shillitoe EJ, Kamath P, Chen Z. Papillomaviruses as targets for cancer gene therapy. Cancer Gene Ther 1994; 1:193-204. [PMID: 7621251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy of human cancer is likely to be most effective when it is directed at targets that are expressed in cancer cells but are lacking from other cells. Human papillomaviruses can provide such targets, since these viruses are present in many cervical and oral cancers, and are likely to be etiological agents of the tumor. Continued expression of human papillomavirus genes is probably necessary for the growth of these cancers, and effective gene therapy could consist of antisense or ribozyme molecules directed against these genes. Some human papillomavirus gene products are antigenic, and immunotherapy based upon these antigens might prove clinically beneficial. Human papillomaviruses have specific promoters, are linked to toxin genes, the toxin may be selectively expressed by tumor cells where the virus genes are active. Thus, there are several approaches for the development of specific gene therapy for human cancers that contain human papillomaviruses.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Anus Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Anus Neoplasms/virology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/prevention & control
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/virology
- Cell Transformation, Viral/genetics
- Child
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
- Genes, Viral
- Genetic Therapy
- Genetic Vectors
- Genital Neoplasms, Female/prevention & control
- Genital Neoplasms, Female/virology
- Genital Neoplasms, Male/prevention & control
- Genital Neoplasms, Male/virology
- Humans
- Immunotherapy
- Male
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense/genetics
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense/therapeutic use
- Papilloma/prevention & control
- Papilloma/virology
- Papillomaviridae/genetics
- Papillomaviridae/pathogenicity
- Papillomaviridae/physiology
- Papillomavirus Infections/therapy
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- RNA, Catalytic/genetics
- RNA, Catalytic/pharmacology
- RNA, Catalytic/therapeutic use
- Respiratory Tract Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Respiratory Tract Neoplasms/virology
- Safety
- Skin Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Skin Neoplasms/virology
- Toxins, Biological/genetics
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Tumor Virus Infections/therapy
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Shillitoe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY College of Medicine, Syracuse 13210, USA
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29
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D'Cruz AJ, Ramachandra C, Rao C, Kamath P. Colonoscopically reduced intussusception and testicular involvement in Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Indian Pediatr 1992; 29:1141-3. [PMID: 1452311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A J D'Cruz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore
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30
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