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Associations of Intrapancreatic Fat Deposition With Incident Diseases of the Exocrine and Endocrine Pancreas: A UK Biobank Prospective Cohort Study. Am J Gastroenterol 2024:00000434-990000000-01101. [PMID: 38587286 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate whether increased intrapancreatic fat deposition (IPFD) heightens the risk of diseases of the exocrine and endocrine pancreas. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted using data from the UK Biobank. IPFD was quantified using MRI and a deep learning-based framework called nnUNet. The prevalence of fatty change of the pancreas (FP) was determined using sex- and age-specific thresholds. Associations between IPFD and pancreatic diseases were assessed with multivariate Cox-proportional hazard model adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, smoking and drinking status, central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, liver fat content, and spleen fat content. RESULTS Of the 42,599 participants included in the analysis, the prevalence of FP was 17.86%. Elevated IPFD levels were associated with an increased risk of acute pancreatitis (hazard ratio [HR] per 1 quintile change 1.513, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.179-1.941), pancreatic cancer (HR per 1 quintile change 1.365, 95% CI 1.058-1.762) and diabetes mellitus (HR per 1 quintile change 1.221, 95% CI 1.132-1.318). FP was also associated with a higher risk of acute pancreatitis (HR 3.982, 95% CI 2.192-7.234), pancreatic cancer (HR 1.976, 95% CI 1.054-3.704), and diabetes mellitus (HR 1.337, 95% CI 1.122-1.593, P = 0.001). DISCUSSION FP is a common pancreatic disorder. Fat in the pancreas is an independent risk factor for diseases of both the exocrine pancreas and endocrine pancreas.
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[α2-macroglobulin alleviates glucocorticoid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head in mice by promoting proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2024; 44:712-719. [PMID: 38708505 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2024.04.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism underlying the protective effect of α2-macroglobulin (A2M) against glucocorticoid-induced femoral head necrosis. METHODS In a human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) model with injuries induced by gradient concentrations of dexamethasone (DEX; 10-8-10-5 mol/L), the protective effects of A2M at 0.05 and 0.1 mg/mL were assessed by examining the changes in cell viability, migration, and capacity of angiogenesis using CCK-8 assay, Transwell and scratch healing assays and angiogenesis assay. The expressions of CD31 and VEGF-A proteins in the treated cells were detected using Western blotting. In BALB/c mouse models of avascular necrosis of the femoral head induced by intramuscular injections of methylprednisolone, the effects of intervention with A2M on femoral trabecular structure, histopathological characteristics, and CD31 expression were examined with Micro-CT, HE staining and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS In cultured HUVECs, DEX treatment significantly reduced cell viability, migration and angiogenic ability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05), and these changes were obviously reversed by treatment with A2M in positive correlation with A2M concentration (P<0.05). DEX significantly reduced the expression of CD31 and VEGF-A proteins in HUVECs, while treatment with A2M restored CD31 and VEGF-A expressions in the cells (P<0.05). The mouse models of femoral head necrosis showed obvious trabecular damages in the femoral head, where a large number of empty lacunae and hypertrophic fat cells could be seen and CD31 expression was significantly decreased (P<0.05). A2M treatment of the mouse models significantly improved trabecular damages, maintained normal bone tissue structures, and increased CD31 expression in the femoral head (P<0.05). CONCLUSION A2M promotes proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of DEX-treated HUVECs and alleviates methylprednisolone-induced femoral head necrosis by improving microcirculation damages and maintaining microcirculation stability in the femoral head.
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Isolated non-immune mediated second-degree atrioventricular block in fetus: natural history and predictive factors for spontaneous recovery. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38642334 DOI: 10.1002/uog.27662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To uncover the clinical course of fetal isolated non-immune mediated second-degree AVB and determine the factors associated with the spontaneous recovery for fetal non-immune second-degree atrioventricular block (AVB). METHODS A total of 20 fetuses with isolated, non-immune mediated second-degree AVB were prospectively recruited between 2014 and 2022. These fetuses were divided into the spontaneous recovery group (n=12) and the non-spontaneous recovery group (n=8). Maternal and fetal basic characteristics, intrauterine and postnatal outcomes were compared between groups. RESULTS Twelve fetuses restored 1:1 atrioventricular conduction in utero and did not recur during the postnatal follow-up period. The residual eight fetuses maintained as second-degree AVB and six of them were aborted due to parental request in utero. Of the two live children with second-degree AVB, one of them progressed to complete AVB at the latest follow up at the age of 34 months, but without any symptoms, heart enlargement or dysfunction. The residual one progressed to complete AVB and was finally diagnosed with type 2 long-QT syndrome. Fetuses in the spontaneous recovery group presented with earlier gestational age at diagnosis (20.0[17.0-26.0] vs. 24.5[18.0-35.0] weeks, p=0.004) and higher atrial rate (147[130-160] vs 138.00[125.00-149.00] bpm, p=0.006) in comparison with the non-spontaneous recovery group. A cut-off value of 22.5 weeks of gestational age and 144 bpm of atrial rate at diagnosis could predict the failure of spontaneous recovery, with sensitivities of 87.5%, 75%, and specificities of 92.0%, 87.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The outcome of fetal non-immune second-degree AVB was favorable. Earlier gestational age at diagnosis and higher atrial rate were related to spontaneous reversion for isolated non-immune-mediated second-degree AVB. However, prenatal gene test should be performed for those with persistent AVB to exclude the heritable disorders including LQTS. These findings may provide important references for clinical management and prenatal counseling. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Naringenin Alleviates Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury by Inhibiting TRPV6 in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300745. [PMID: 38581304 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Naringenin (NAR) possesses unique anti-inflammatory, antiapoptosis effects and various bioactivities; however, its role against radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate whether NAR has protective effects against radiation-induced intestinal injury and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6J mice are exposed to a single dose of 13 Gy X-ray total abdominal irradiation (TAI), then gavaged with NAR for 7 days. NAR treatment prolongs the survival rate, protects crypts and villi from damage, alleviates the level of radiation-induced inflammation, and mitigates intestinal barrier damage in the irradiated mice. Additionally, NAR reduces immune cell infiltration and intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis. NAR also shows radioprotective effects in human colon cancer cells (HCT116) and human intestinal epithelial cells (NCM460). It reduces cell damage by reducing intracellular calcium ion levels and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. NAR-mediated radioprotection is associated with the downregulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 6 (TRPV6), and inhibition of apoptosis pathway. Notably, treatment with NAR fails to further increase the protective effects of the TRPV6 inhibitor 2-APB, indicating that TRPV6 inhibition is essential for NAR activity. CONCLUSION NAR inhibits the apoptosis pathway by downregulating TRPV6 and reducing calcium ion level, thereby alleviating RIII. Therefore, NAR is a promising therapeutic drug for RIII.
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Construct validation of machine learning for accurately predicting the risk of postoperative surgical site infection following spine surgery. J Hosp Infect 2024; 146:232-241. [PMID: 38029857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for machine learning (ML) algorithms in predicting postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) following spine surgery. METHODS This prospective cohort study included 986 patients who underwent spine surgery at Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2015 to October 2022. Supervised ML algorithms included support vector machine, logistic regression, random forest, XGboost, decision tree, k-nearest neighbour, and naïve Bayes (NB), which were tested and trained to develop a predicting model. The ML model performance was evaluated from the test dataset. We gradually analysed their accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, as well as the positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the curve. RESULTS The rate of SSI was 9.33%. Using a backward stepwise approach, we identified that the remarkable risk factors predicting SSI in the multi-variate Cox regression analysis were age, body mass index, smoking, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, drain duration and pre-operative albumin level. Compared with other ML algorithms, the NB model had the highest performance in seven ML models, with an average area under the curve of 0.95, sensitivity of 0.78, specificity of 0.88, and accuracy of 0.87. CONCLUSIONS The NB model in the ML algorithm had excellent calibration and accurately predicted the risk of SSI compared with the existing models, and might serve as an important tool for the early detection and treatment of SSI following spinal infection.
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Kinetochore scaffold 1 downregulation suppressed the development of non-small cell lung cancer by inactivating the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B (AKT)/nuclear factor-kappa B pathway. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY : AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE POLISH PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2024; 75. [PMID: 38583438 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2024.1.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Kinetochore scaffold 1 (KNL1) is indispensable for generating motile micro-tubule attachments and isolating chromosomes. KNL1 is highly expressed in multiple middle-route tissues and promotes tumor development. However, how it functions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unclear. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting (WB) were used to determine KNL1 expression in NSCLC tissues and cells. The sh-KNL1 or oe-KNL1 was transfected into NSCLC cells. The colony formation assay, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and flow cytometry were used to evaluate cell proliferation and apoptosis. A transwell assay was used to monitor invasion and migration. The CCK-8 assay was used to measure NSCLC cell sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs. WB confirmed the protein levels of apoptosis-related proteins, cell cycle-associated proteins, and the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) pathway. A PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway inhibitor was used to intervene in NSCLC cell transfection along with oe-KNL1, thus revealing the function of the pathway in carcinogenicity mediated by KNL1. In result KNL1 expression was substantially increased in NSCLC tissues and cells. High-level KNL1 expression is related to the poor prognosis of NSCLC patients. KNL1 silencing bolstered promoted NSCLC cell apoptosis and inhibited proliferation, cell cycle progression, invasion, and EMT, whereas KNL1 silencing had the opposite effect. KNL1 knockdown increased NSCLC cell sensitivity to chemical drugs. KNL1 promoted PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway activation, while PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway inhibition weakened the procancer effect mediated by KNL1 overexpression but had little influence on KNL1 levels. We conclude that KNL1 activates the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway to increase NSCLC progression and attenuate NSCLC sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs.
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Chaiqin chengqi decoction alleviates acute pancreatitis by targeting gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116920. [PMID: 37480969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammatory condition of pancreas with high morbidity and mortality, which has no effective medical treatment. Chaiqin chengqi decoction (CQCQD) has been clinically used for AP for many years in China. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the mechanism of CQCQD on gasdermin D (GSDMD) -mediated pyroptosis in AP. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, network pharmacology was used to screen the potential mechanism of CQCQD protecting against AP and then we focused to investigate the mechanism of CQCQD on GSDMD mediated pyroptosis. Mouse models of AP were conducted by caerulein and L-arginine. In order to clarify the mechanism of CQCQD, two kinds of GSDMD gene knockout mice (Gsdmd-/- and Pdx1creGsdmdfl/fl) were applied. And the potential interaction between the main components of CQCQD and GSDMD was explored by molecular docking. RESULTS In the caerulein-induced AP model, CQCQD ameliorated pancreatic pathological injury, attenuated systemic inflammation and serum enzymatic levers. Moreover, network pharmacology analysis showed GSDMD mediated pyroptosis was one of the core targets of CQCQD protecting against AP. Additionally, CQCQD appreciably decreased the levels of pyroptosis-related proteins N-terminal GSDMD, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3, and cleaved Caspase-1. Furthermore, the protective effect of CQCQD was neutralized in Gsdmd-/- and Pdx1creGsdmdfl/fl mice in caerulein-induced AP. In addition, we found that CQCQD protects pancreatic tissue from damage and pancreatitis-associated lung injury in the L-arginine-induced mouse model. Moreover, all of the main components of CQCQD possessed binding activity with GSDMD by molecular docking. Seventeen components bound with the human GSDMD Cys191 successfully, which is important for GSDMD pore formation. Among the components, rhein possessed the highest binding activity. CONCLUSION CQCQD could reduce pancreatic necrosis and inflammatory response via inhibiting GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis in acinar cells of AP. Rhein may be the key active ingredient of CQCQD in suppressing pyroptosis.
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Bile acid metabolomics identifies chenodeoxycholic acid as a therapeutic agent for pancreatic necrosis. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101304. [PMID: 38035885 PMCID: PMC10772342 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Bile acids are altered and associated with prognosis in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Here, we conduct targeted metabolomic analyses to detect bile acids changes in patients during the acute (n = 326) and the recovery (n = 133) phases of AP, as well as in healthy controls (n = 60). Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) decreases in the acute phase, increases in the recovery phase, and is associated with pancreatic necrosis. CDCA and its derivative obeticholic acid exhibit a protective effect against acinar cell injury in vitro and pancreatic necrosis in murine models, and RNA sequencing reveals that the oxidative phosphorylation pathway is mainly involved. Moreover, we find that overexpression of farnesoid X receptor (FXR, CDCA receptor) inhibits pancreatic necrosis, and interfering expression of FXR exhibits an opposite phenotype in mice. Our results possibly suggest that targeting CDCA is a potential strategy for the treatment of acinar cell necrosis in AP, but further verification is needed.
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[Association between hair trace element and all-cause death in elderly people in Hainan]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2023; 44:1936-1942. [PMID: 38129151 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20230420-00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the association between hair trace element and all-cause death in the elderly in Hainan Province. Methods: The subjects of the study were elderly people from China Hainan Centenarian Cohort Study, a total of 163 elderly were included. The association between hair trace element level and all-cause death was analyzed by using Cox proportional risk regression model. Results: After fully adjusting the covariates, the multiple Cox proportional hazards regression analyses showed that selenium (Se), manganese (Mn), strontium (Sr) concentrations in hair were significantly associated with all-cause mortality, the hazard ratio (HR) were 0.72 (95%CI: 0.54-0.98, P=0.035), 1.50 (95%CI: 1.07-2.11, P=0.020) and 0.54 (95%CI: 0.37-0.79, P=0.001), respectively. Subgroup and cross analysis showed that hair copper (Cu) were significant association with death in the people with anemia, the HR were 1.81 (95%CI: 1.13-2.88, P=0.013). And, hair Mn interacted with anemia, the HR was 0.46 (95%CI: 0.22-0.94, P=0.033). Conclusions: Se, Mn and Sr concentrations in hair were associated with the elevated risk for all-cause death in the elderly in Hainan. Se, Mn and Sr concentrations in hair can be used as a reference index for the prediction of the death risk of long-lived elderly in community, suggesting that the daily diet of elderly people are rich and diverse, in order to maintain normal and balanced trace element content in the body.
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Characterization of adnexal lesions using photoacoustic imaging to improve sonographic O-RADS risk assessment. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2023; 62:891-903. [PMID: 37606287 PMCID: PMC10840885 DOI: 10.1002/uog.27452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of photoacoustic imaging (PAI) on the assessment of ovarian/adnexal lesion(s) of different risk categories using the sonographic ovarian-adnexal imaging-reporting-data system (O-RADS) in women undergoing planned oophorectomy. METHOD This prospective study enrolled women with ovarian/adnexal lesion(s) suggestive of malignancy referred for oophorectomy. Participants underwent clinical ultrasound (US) examination followed by coregistered US and PAI prior to oophorectomy. Each ovarian/adnexal lesion was graded by two radiologists using the US O-RADS scale. PAI was used to compute relative total hemoglobin concentration (rHbT) and blood oxygenation saturation (%sO2 ) colormaps in the region of interest. Lesions were categorized by histopathology into malignant ovarian/adnexal lesion, malignant Fallopian tube only and several benign categories, in order to assess the impact of incorporating PAI in the assessment of risk of malignancy with O-RADS. Malignant and benign histologic groups were compared with respect to rHbT and %sO2 and logistic regression models were developed based on tumor marker CA125 alone, US-based O-RADS alone, PAI-based rHbT with %sO2 , and the combination of CA125, O-RADS, rHbT and %sO2. Areas under the receiver-operating-characteristics curve (AUC) were used to compare the diagnostic performance of the models. RESULTS There were 93 lesions identified on imaging among 68 women (mean age, 52 (range, 21-79) years). Surgical pathology revealed 14 patients with malignant ovarian/adnexal lesion, two with malignant Fallopian tube only and 52 with benign findings. rHbT was significantly higher in malignant compared with benign lesions. %sO2 was lower in malignant lesions, but the difference was not statistically significant for all benign categories. Feature analysis revealed that rHbT, CA125, O-RADS and %sO2 were the most important predictors of malignancy. Logistic regression models revealed an AUC of 0.789 (95% CI, 0.626-0.953) for CA125 alone, AUC of 0.857 (95% CI, 0.733-0.981) for O-RADS only, AUC of 0.883 (95% CI, 0.760-1) for CA125 and O-RADS and an AUC of 0.900 (95% CI, 0.815-0.985) for rHbT and %sO2 in the prediction of malignancy. A model utilizing all four predictors (CA125, O-RADS, rHbT and %sO2 ) achieved superior performance, with an AUC of 0.970 (95% CI, 0.932-1), sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 82%. CONCLUSIONS Incorporating the additional information provided by PAI-derived rHbT and %sO2 improves significantly the performance of US-based O-RADS in the diagnosis of adnexal lesions. © 2023 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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HDL inhibits pancreatic acinar cell NLRP3 inflammasome activation and protect against acinar cell pyroptosis in acute pancreatitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:110950. [PMID: 37890377 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recent clinical studies have shown that serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels are correlated with acute pancreatitis (AP) severity. We aimed to investigate the role of HDL in pancreatic necrosis in AP. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH ApoA-I is the main constitution and function component of HDL. The roles of healthy human-derived HDL and apoA-I mimic peptide D4F were demonstrated in AP models in vivo and in vitro. Constitutive Apoa1 genetic inhibition on AP severity, especially pancreatic necrosis was assessed in both caerulein and sodium taurocholate induced mouse AP models. In addition, constitutive (Casp1-/-) and acinar cell conditional (Pdx1CreNlrp3Δ/Δ and Pdx1CreGsdmdΔ/Δ) mice were used to explore the effects of HDL on acinar cell pyroptosis in AP. KEY RESULTS Apoa1 knockout dramatically aggravated pancreatic necrosis. Human-derived HDL protected against acinar cell death in vivo and in vitro. We found that mimic peptide D4F also protected against AP very well. Constitutive Casp1 or acinar cell-conditional Nlrp3 and Gsdmd genetic inhibition could counteract the protective effects of HDL, implying HDL may exert beneficial effects on AP through inhibiting acinar cell pyroptosis. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS This work demonstrates the protective role of HDL and apoA-I in AP pathology, potentially driven by the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and acinar cell pyroptosis. Mimic peptides have promise as specific therapies for AP.
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Discriminating minimal residual disease status in multiple myeloma based on MRI: utility of radiomics and comparison of machine-learning methods. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:e839-e846. [PMID: 37586967 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the possibility of discriminating minimal residual disease (MRD) status in multiple myeloma (MM) based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and identify optimal machine-learning methods to optimise the clinical treatment regimen. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 83 patients were analysed retrospectively. They were divided randomly into training and validation cohorts. The regions of interest were segmented and radiomics features were extracted and analysed on two sequences, including T1-weighted imaging (WI) and fat saturated (FS)-T2WI, and then radiomics models were built in the training cohort and evaluated in the validation cohort. Clinical characteristics were calculated to build a traditional model. A combined model was also built using the clinical characteristics and radiomics features. Classification accuracy was assessed using area under the curve (AUC) and F1 score. RESULTS In the training cohort, only the bone marrow (BM) infiltrate ratio (p=0.005) was retained after univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis. In T1WI, the linear support vector machine (SVM) achieved the best performance compared to other classifiers, with AUCs of 0.811 and 0.708 and F1 scores of 0.792 and 0.696 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Similarly, in FS-T2WI sequence, linear SVM achieved the best performance with AUCs of 0.833 and 0.800 and F1 score of 0.833 and 0.800. The combined model constructed by the FS-T2WI-linear SVM and BM infiltrate ratio outperformed the traditional model (p=0.050 and 0.012, Delong test), but showed no significant difference compared with the radiomics model (p=0.798 and 0.855). CONCLUSION The linear SVM-based machine-learning method can offer a non-invasive tool for discriminating MRD status in MM.
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Brachytherapy Dose Prediction Based on Monte Carlo Simulations Using Artificial Neural Networks. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S165. [PMID: 37784413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The current brachytherapy dose calculation is still based on the oversimplified water kernel superposition algorithm recommended by AAPM TG43. Monte Carlo (MC) method provides high accuracy in dose calculation. However, the MC simulation is computationally intensive and too slow to use in the time-sensitive clinical workflow. This study aims to develop a fast neural network (SK-UNet) to predict 3D brachytherapy dose distribution calculated by the MC simulations. MATERIALS/METHODS We hypothesize that the tracks of Ir-192 inside applicators are essential in dose map prediction and the Selective Kernel Networks (SK) can be employed to emphasize the contribution of the applicator in training. We then included SK in UNet to select appropriate receptive field sizes as needed. The network inputs were CT images of patient anatomy, binary masks of HRCTV, bladder, rectum, and source tracks, and the output was the predicted dose map. Totally, 120 cases were used for training and 30 for testing. All clinically common applicators (e.g., vaginal, tandem and ovoid, multi-channel applicator, free needles, etc.) were involved in the study. Model performance was evaluated by the mean absolute error (MAE) of DVH dosimetric metrics and dose distribution metrics between ground truth (GT) and prediction. A smaller MAE indicated a more accurate dose prediction. Dose distribution metrics include the overdose volume index (ODI), target conformity (TC), dose homogeneity index (DHI), and conformal index (COIN). GT was dose calculated by MC simulations. 3D Gamma analysis was also involved. RESULTS As shown in Table 1, compared with GT, SK-Net showed comparable DVH dosimetric metrics with 0.28±0.19 deviation for HRCTV D90%, 0.21±0.16 deviation for bladder D2cc, and 0.25±0.22 deviation for rectum D2cc. In dose distribution metrics, the deviations between GT and prediction were TC = 0.04±0.02, ODI = 0.03±0.03, DHI = 0.02±0.02, and COIN = 0.02±0.03. The gamma passing rate was 93%±6%. The 3D dose map prediction for each patient takes about 6s on average in an NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3060 GPU compared to hours with MC simulations. CONCLUSION SK-Net demonstrated comparable performance to the MC simulation but with a significantly shorter execution time, taking only 6 seconds on average. It offered a solution to the trade-off between accuracy and speed and has the potential to serve as an alternative to the time-consuming MC simulation in brachytherapy. The developed technique is believed to have the potential for future application with other types of radiation sources and cancers.
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Risk factors for bloodstream infection in paediatric haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hosp Infect 2023; 139:11-22. [PMID: 37308062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), a standard treatment for paediatric haematological diseases, is highly associated with bloodstream infection (BSI), which may increase mortality. AIM To explore the risk factors for BSI in paediatric HSCT recipients. METHODS Three English databases and four Chinese databases were searched from inception to March 17th, 2022. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies that enrolled HSCT recipients aged ≤18 years and reported BSI risk factors. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. Using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE), certainty of body of evidence was assessed. FINDINGS Fourteen studies involving 4602 persons were included. The incidences of BSI and associated mortality in paediatric HSCT recipients were approximately 10-50% and 5-15%, respectively. Meta-analysis of all studies revealed that previous BSI before HSCT (relative effect (RE): 2.28; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-4.34, moderate certainty) and receiving an umbilical cord blood transplant (RE: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.22-1.97, moderate certainty) were probably associated with an increased risk of BSI. Meta-analysis of studies with low risk of bias reassured that previous BSI before HSCT probably increased the risk of BSI (RE: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.19-4.34, moderate certainty), and revealed that steroid use (RE: 2.72; 95% CI: 1.31-5.64, moderate certainty) was likely a risk factor whereas autologous HSCT was probably a protective factor of BSI (RE: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.45-0.94, moderate certainty). CONCLUSION These findings could inform the management of paediatric HSCT recipients, helping identify who may benefit from prophylactic antibiotics.
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[Association analysis between sex hormone levels and all-cause mortality in Hainan female centenarians]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2023; 44:1245-1250. [PMID: 37661616 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20221130-01015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the distribution characteristics of sex hormones and their relationship with all-cause mortality in Hainan female centenarians. Methods: All the subjects were from China Hainan Centenarian Cohort Study. A total of 717 female centenarians were included in the final analysis. Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the survival curve, and Cox proportional hazard regression was used to analyze the relationship between sex hormones and survival time. Results: The M(Q1, Q3) of estradiol and progesterone among female centenarians was 32.60 (18.40, 58.70) pmol/L and 0.62 (0.32, 1.01) nmol/L. The estradiol (pmol/L) and progesterone (nmol/L) in the survival and death groups were 26.65 vs.37.80, 0.54 vs.0.69, respectively, with statistical differences (P<0.05). Cox multivariate analysis showed that estradiol and progesterone were significantly associated with death (P<0.05), the hazard ratio (HR) of estradiol Q4 was 1.58 (95%CI: 1.17-2.15), and the HR of progesterone Q3 was 1.53 (95%CI: 1.10-2.12), HR for Q4 was 1.63 (95%CI: 1.15-2.32). Subgroup and cross-analysis showed that estradiol was statistically significant with hypertension, diabetes, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0.05), and progesterone interacted with diabetes (P=0.016), while testosterone interacted with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P=0.034). Conclusion: It is suggested that the estrogen levels of female centenarians in Hainan were associated with a higher mortality risk and an increased risk of cardiovascular metabolic disease (such as diabetes, hypertension, and abnormal lipid metabolism).
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AKBA alleviates experimental pancreatitis by inhibiting oxidative stress in Macrophages through the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110501. [PMID: 37364326 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory condition of the pancreas characterized by oxidative stress and inflammation in its pathophysiology. Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) is an active triterpenoid with antioxidant activity. This article seeks to assess the impact of AKBA on AP and investigate its underlying mechanisms. METHODS AP was induced in wild-type, Lyz2+/cre Nrf2fl/fl mice and Pdx1+/cre Nrf2fl/fl mice by caerulein. Serum amylase and lipase levels, along with histological grading, were utilized to evaluate the severity of AP. Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were isolated, cultured, and polarized to the M1 subtype. Flow cytometry and ELISA were utilized to identify the macrophage phenotype. Alterations in oxidative stress damage and intracellular ROS were observed. Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways were also evaluated. RESULTS In a caerulein-induced mouse model of AP, treatment with AKBA reduced blood amylase and lipase activity and ameliorated pancreatic tissue histological and pathological features. Furthermore, AKBA significantly mitigated oxidative stress-induced damage and induced the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 protein. Additionally, by using conditional knockout mice (Lyz2+/cre Nrf2fl/fl and Pdx1+/cre Nrf2fl/fl mice), we verified that Nrf2 primarily functions in macrophages rather than acinar cells. In vitro, AKBA inhibits pro-inflammatory M1-subtype macrophage polarization and reduces ROS generation through Nrf2/HO-1 oxidative stress pathway. Moreover, the protective effects of AKBA against AP were abolished in myeloid-specific Nrf2-deficient mice and BMDMs. Molecular docking results revealed interactions between AKBA and Nrf2. CONCLUSION Our results confirm that AKBA exerts protective effects against AP in mice by inhibiting oxidative stress in macrophages through the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway.
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[Comparison of the effects and safety of dydrogesterone and medroxyprogesterone acetate on endometrial hyperplasia without atypia: a randomized controlled non-inferior phase Ⅲ clinical study]. ZHONGHUA FU CHAN KE ZA ZHI 2023; 58:526-535. [PMID: 37474326 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20230313-00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the effects and safety of dydrogesterone (DG) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) on the treatment in patients with endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (EH). Methods: This was a single-center, open-label, prospective non-inferior randomized controlled phase Ⅲ trial. From February 2019 to November 2021, patients with EH admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University were recruited. Enrolled patients were stratified according to the pathological types of simple hyperplasia (SH) or complex hyperplasia (CH), and were randomised to receive MPA or DG. Untill May 14, 2022, the median follow-up time after complete response (CR) was 9.3 months (1.1-17.2 months). The primary endpoint was the 6-month CR rate (6m-CR rate). The secondary endpoints included the 3-month CR rate (3m-CR rate), adverse events rate, recurrence rate, and pregnancy rate in one year after CR. Results: (1) A total of 292 patients with EH were enrolled in the study with the median age of 39 years (31-45 years). A total of 135 SH patients were randomly assigned to MPA group (n=67) and DG group (n=68), and 157 CH patients were randomly assigned to MPA group (n=79) and DG group (n=78). (2) Among 292 patients, 205 patients enrolled into the primary endpoint analysis, including 92 SH patients and 113 CH patients, with 100 patients in MPA group and 105 in DG group, respectively. The 6m-CR rate of MPA group and DG group were 90.0% (90/100) and 88.6% (93/105) respectively, and there were no statistical significance (χ2=0.11, P=0.741), with the rate difference (RD) was -1.4% (95%CI:-9.9%-7.0%). Stratified by the pathology types, the 6m-CR rate of SH patients was 93.5% (86/92), and MPA group and DG group were respectively 91.1% (41/45) and 95.7% (45/47); and the 6m-CR rate of CH patients was 85.8% (97/113), and MPA group and DG group were 89.1% (49/55) and 82.8% (48/58) respectively. The 6m-CR rates of the two treatments had no statistical significance either (all P>0.05). A total of 194 EH patients enrolled into the secondary endpoint analysis, including 88 SH patients and 106 CH patients, and 96 patients in MPA group and 98 in DG group, respectively. The 3m-CR rate of SH patients were 87.5% (77/88), while the 3m-CR rates of MPA group and DG group were 90.7% (39/43) and 84.4% (38/45), respectively; the 3m-CR rate of CH patients was 66.0% (70/106), and MPA group and DG group had the same 3m-CR rate of 66.0% (35/53). No statistical significance was found between the two treatments both in SH and CH patients (all P>0.05). (3) The incidence of adverse events between MPA group and DG group had no statistical significance (P>0.05). (4) A total of 93 SH patients achieved CR, and the cumulative recurrence rate in one year after CR were 5.9% and 0 in MPA group and DG group, respectively. While 112 CH patients achieved CR, and the cumulative recurrence rate in one year after CR were 8.8% and 6.5% in MPA group and DG group, respectively. There were no statistical significance between two treatment groups (all P>0.05). Among the 93 SH patients, 10 patients had family planning but no pregnancy happened during the follow-up period. Among the 112 CH patients, 21 were actively preparing for pregnancy, and the pregnancy rate and live-birth rate in one year after CR in MPA group were 7/9 and 2/7, while in DG group were respectively 4/12 and 2/4, and there were no statistical significance in pregnancy rate and live-birth rate between the two treatment groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: Compared with MPA, DG is of good efficacy and safety in treating EH. DG is a favorable alternative treatment for EH patients.
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[Effect of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine on the clinical outcomes of patients infected with the Omicron variant in Guangdong Province]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2023; 57:992-996. [PMID: 37482735 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220802-00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine on the clinical outcomes of patients infected with the Omicron variant. Methods: A total of 1 403 Omicron-infected patients admitted to 20 designated hospitals in Guangdong Province from January 1 to May 31, 2022, were selected as subjects in this study. A case-control study was conducted to collect the demographic data, underlying disease, vaccination status, last exposure date, gene sequencing of infected strains and clinical outcomes from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and Guangdong telemedicine platform. Pneumonia (common, severe and critical) and non-pneumonia (asymptomatic and mild) were selected as the case group and control group. The effect of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine on the clinical outcomes of patients infected with the Omicron variant was analyzed. Results: The median age [M (Q1, Q3)] of the subjects was 36 (27-47) years old, with males accounting for 52.25% (733 cases). The main outcome of the infection was non-pneumonia, accounting for 92.09% (1 292 cases), and the duration [M (Q1, Q3)] of the disease was 18 (14-22) days. There were 134 (9.55%), 39 (2.78%), 403 (28.72%), 437 (31.15%) and 390 (27.80%) cases with no or partial vaccination, within 90 days of primary vaccination, over 90 days of primary vaccination, within 90 days of booster vaccination and over 90 days of booster vaccination, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender, age, underlying disease, and location of the report, compared with those with no or partial vaccination, the risk of developing pneumonia was lower in those with over 90 days of primary vaccination, within 90 days of booster vaccination and over 90 days of booster vaccination [OR (95%CI) values were 0.52 (0.28-0.98), 0.39 (0.21-0.73) and 0.40 (0.21-0.77), respectively]. Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis showed that after adjusting for gender, age, underlying disease and location of the report, the duration of the disease was shorter in those who received booster vaccinated for more than 90 days compared with that in those who had no or partial vaccination [HR (95%CI): 1.26 (1.03-1.55)]. Conclusion: The inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine affects the clinical outcomes of patients infected with the Omicron variant.
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[Melanoma with EWSR1 internal inversion: report of a case]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 52:630-632. [PMID: 37263933 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20220910-00772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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[Therapeutic mechanism of Guizhi Gancao Decoction for heart failure: a network pharmacology-based analysis]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:772-782. [PMID: 37313819 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.05.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To predict the targets and pathways in the therapeutic mechanism of Guizhi Gancao Decoction (GZGCD) against heart failure (HF) based on network pharmacology. METHODS The chemical components of GZGCD were analyzed using the databases including TCMSP, TCMID and TCM@Taiwan, and the potential targets of GZGCD were predicted using the SwissTargetPrediction database. The targets of HF were obtained using the databases including DisGeNET, Drugbank and TTD. The intersection targets of GZGCD and HF were identified using VENNY. Uniport database was used to convert the information, and the components-targets-disease network was constructed using Cytoscape software. The Bisogene plug-in, Merge plug-in, and CytoNCA plug-in in Cytoscape software were used for protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis to acquire the core targets. Metascape database was used for GO and KEGG analysis. The results of network pharmacology analysis were verified with Western blot analysis. Three factors (PKCα, ERK1/2 and BCL2) were screened according to the degree value of network pharmacology results and the degree of correlation with heart failure process. The pentobarbtal sodium was dissolvein H9C2 cells treated with serum-free high glucose medium to simulate the ischemic anoxic environment of heart failure. The total proteins of myocardial cells were extracted. The protein contents of PKCα, ERK1/2 and BCL2 were determined. RESULTS We identified a total of 190 intersection targets between GZGCD and HF using Venny database, involving mainly the circulatory system process, cellular response to nitrogen compounds, cation homeostasis, and regulation of the MAPK cascade. These potential targets were also involved in 38 pathways, including the regulatory pathways in cancer, calcium signal pathway, cGMP-PKG signal pathway, and cAMP signal pathway. Western blot analysis showed that in an in vitro H9C2 cell model of HF, treatment with GZGCD downregulated PKCα and ERK1/2 expressions and upregulated BCL2 expression. CONCLUSION The therapeutic mechanism of GZGCD for HF involves multiple targets including PRKCA, PRKCB, MAPK1, MAPK3, and MAPK8 and multiple pathways including the regulatory pathway in cancer and the calcium signaling pathway.
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[Influence of sleep fragmentation in infancy and toddler period on emotional and behavioral problem at the age of 6 years: a birth cohort study]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2023; 61:418-424. [PMID: 37096261 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230220-00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the influence of sleep fragmentation in infancy and toddler period on emotional and behavioral problems at the age of 6 years. Methods: Using a prospective cohort design, 262 children were extracted from mother-child birth cohort recruited from May 2012 to July 2013 in Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Children's sleep and physical activities were assessed using actigraphy at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months of age, from which the sleep fragmentation index (FI) at each follow-up point was calculated. Children's emotional and behavioral problems at 6 years of age were assessed using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. Group-based trajectory model was applied to determine sleep FI in infancy and toddler period trajectory groups with Bayesian information criteria being used to determine the best fitting model. Children's emotional and behavioral problems between groups were examined with independent t test and linear regression models, etc. Results: A total of 177 children, with 91 boys and 86 girls, were included in the final analysis and were divided into 2 groups: high FI group (n=30) and low FI group (n=147). Compared with children in the low FI group, those in the high FI group presents with higher total difficulties score and higher hyperactivity or inattention score ((11.0±4.9) vs. (8.9±4.1), (4.9±2.7) vs. (3.7±2.3) scores, t=2.17, 2.23, both P<0.05, respectively), with the differences remaining significant after adjusting for covariates (t=2.08, 2.09, both P<0.05 respectively). Conclusion: High sleep fragmentation in infancy and toddler period is associated with more emotional and behavioral problems, especially hyperactivity or inattention problems, at 6 years of age.
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CD177 Inhibits Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation and Protects against Acute Pancreatitis in Mice. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072533. [PMID: 37048616 PMCID: PMC10094768 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory immune response mediated by neutrophils is closely related to the progression of acute pancreatitis. Previous studies confirmed that CD177 is a neutrophil-specific marker involved in the pathogenesis of conditions such as systemic vasculitis, asthma, and polycythemia vera. Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation is a specific death program by which neutrophils release nuclear DNA covered with histones, granule proteins, etc. It also plays an important role in host defense and various pathological reactions. However, the function of CD177 in regulating the generation of NETs and the development of acute pancreatitis (AP) is unclear. In our manuscript, CD177 was significantly elevated in blood neutrophils in patients and positively correlated with the AP disease severity. Then, recombinant human CD177 protein (rhCD177) could significantly improve pancreatic injury and the inflammatory response in AP mice, and reduce AP-related lung injury. Mechanistically, we found that rhCD177 could inhibit the formation of NETs by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)/citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3) release. For the first time, we discovered the potential of rhCD177 to protect AP in mice and inhibit the NET formation of AP. CD177 may be a potential treatment strategy for preventing or inhibiting the aggravation of AP.
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[Peripheral blood KCNMA1 methylation level is associated with the occurrence and progression of lung cancer]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:349-359. [PMID: 37087578 PMCID: PMC10122738 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.03.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the association of KCNMA1 gene methylation levels in peripheral blood with lung cancer. METHODS The methylation levels of 4 CpG sites in KCNMA1 gene were quantitatively detected in 285 patients with lung cancer, 186 age- and sex-matched patients with benign pulmonary nodules and 278 matched healthy control subjects using mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The association of KCNMA1 methylation levels with lung cancer was analyzed using logistic regression models adjusted for covariates. The KCNMA1 methylation levels in different subgroups of lung cancer patients were compared using Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS In subjects over 55 years and in female subjects, the highest quartile (Q4) vs the lowest quartile (Q1) of KCNMA1_CpG_5 methylation levels were significantly correlated with lung cancer (for subjects over 55 years: OR=2.60, 95% CI: 1.25-5.41, P=0.011; for female subjects: OR=2.09, 95% CI: 1.03?4.26, P=0.042). From Q2 to Q4 of KCNMA1_CpG_5 methylation levels, their correlation with lung cancer became gradually stronger (P=0.003 and 0.038, respectively). In male subjects, the OR of Q4 of KCNMA1_CpG_5 methylation levels was 0.35 in patients with lung cancer as compared with patients with benign nodules (95% CI: 0.16-0.79, P=0.012). KCNMA1_CpG_3 methylation level was significantly lower in invasive adenocarcinoma than in noninvasive adenocarcinoma (P=0.028), and that of KCNMA1_CpG_1 was significantly higher in patients with larger tumors (T2-4) than in those with smaller tumors (T1) (P=0.021). CONCLUSION The change of peripheral blood KCNMA1 methylation level is correlated with the occurrence and development of lung cancer.
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Regeneration of iron fuel in fluidized beds Part II: Reduction experiments. POWDER TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.118183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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[Dynamic analysis of tuberculosis specific mononuclear cells in peripheral blood of HIV patients with tuberculosis]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2022; 45:1109-1116. [PMID: 36344228 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20220823-00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) combined with active tuberculosis (TB) to TB-specific antigen stimulation. Methods: From January to December, 2018, individuals infected with both HIV and TB (HIV/TB group) were taken as the study subjects. Individuals infected with HIV alone (HIV group), individuals infected with TB alone (TB group) and healthy people (Health control group, HC group) were taken as the control groups. PBMCs were isolated and stimulated with purified protein derivative of bacillus calmette-guerin (BCG-PPD). The expression of surface molecules in T cells (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+) and monocytes (CD14+) and the percentages of Interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were detected by cell surface molecular staining, direct intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometry (CD3- lymphocytes were mainly B lymphocytes and NK cells). Analysis of non-parametric data was used to compare the data between the two groups, and paired t-test was used to compare the data before and after PPD stimulation in each group. Results: Before PPD stimulation, the percentage of IFN-γ+ CD8+ cells in the peripheral blood of HIV/TB group(mean 0.52%) was significantly lower than that in TB group(mean 0.94%, P=0.010). The TNF-α+cell percentages in CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, or CD14+ cells in the HIV/TB group(mean 19.2%) were significantly lower than those in the HIV group(mean 31.9%, P=0.002). The percentage of TNF-α secreted by monocytes in the HIV group was significantly lower than that in the HC group. The percentages of IFN-γ+ CD8+ and IFN-γ+ CD3- cells in the peripheral blood of the TB group (mean 0.94%) were significantly higher than thoset in the HC group(mean 0.51%, P=0.020), while the percentages of TNF-α+ cells in each subsets of PBMCs were significantly lower than those in the HC group. After PPD stimulation, the percentage of IFN-γ+ CD8+ cells in the HIV/TB group was significantly lower than that in the TB group(P=0.008), and the change was more marked than that before stimulation. The percentage of IFN-γ+ CD8+ cells in the HIV group(mean 0.20%) was lower than that in the HC group (mean 0.52%, P=0.044). The percentage of IFN-γ+ CD3- in the TB group was significantly higher than in the HC group. There were no significant differences in TNF-α+ cell percentages in the 3 groups compared with the control group after PPD stimulation. The percentages of IFN-γ+ CD4+ cells in the HC and the TB groups were significantly increased after PPD stimulation in each group (P=0.002, P=0.001, respectively). However, there were no significant differences of IFN-γ+ CD4+ cell percentages in the HIV/TB group and the HIV group. The percentages of TNF-α production by monocytes were significantly increased after PPD stimulation in all groups. Conclusions: Chronic Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection reduced the ability of PBMCs to produce TNF-α. For patients with TB infection, the production of TNF-α was reduced when combined with HIV infection. The capacity of CD8+ and CD3- lymphocytes to produce IFN-γ was increased in TB patients, while the capacity of CD8+ T cells to produce IFN-γ was decreased with co-infection of HIV. Infection of HIV weakened the immune response to MTB infection, which made the clinical diagnosis and treatment of TB more difficult.
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Interleukin-37 protects against acinar cell pyroptosis in acute pancreatitis. JCI Insight 2022; 7:161244. [PMID: 36166295 PMCID: PMC9675483 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.161244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a local and/or systemic inflammatory disease that starts with acinar cell injury and necrosis; it has no effective medical treatment and thus remains a life-threatening condition. Interleukin-37 (IL-37), a natural immunomodulator, has demonstrated an antiinflammatory effect; however, the role of IL-37 in AP remains unknown. The serum IL-37 levels of 39 healthy controls and 94 patients with AP were measured. Cholecystokinin was applied to induce pancreatic acinar cell injury in vitro. Classical experimental AP models, such as caerulein, l-arginine, and taurolithocholic acid 3-sulfate disodium salt, were included in the in vivo study. A transgenic mouse model with the IL-37 gene and administration of recombinant IL-37 were used to further investigate the function of IL-37 in AP. Pancreas-specific gasdermin D-knockout (GSDMD-knockout) mice were used to explore the protective mechanism of IL-37. Our results showed that serum IL-37 levels in humans were negatively correlated with the severity of AP. Furthermore, IL-37-transgenic mice and supplementation with recombinant IL-37 could both protect against AP. Mechanistically, IL-37 was able to suppress pyroptosis of injured acinar cells, and specific depletion of GSDMD in the pancreas counteracted the protective effect of IL-37. Our study demonstrates that IL-37 protects against acinar cell pyroptosis in AP.
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[Clinicopathological characteristics of PAX5 positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma with extra copies of the PAX5 gene locus]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 51:1155-1157. [PMID: 36323547 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20220722-00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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The Feasibility of Markerless Positioning on Breast-Conserving Radiotherapy Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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ALK INHIBITOR PLUS VINBLASTINE FOR REFRACTORY/RELAPSED PEDIATRIC ALK+ ANAPLASTIC LARGE CELL LYMPHOMA: A PROSPECTIVE, ONE-ARM, OPEN-LABEL REAL-WORLD STUDY. Leuk Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(22)00306-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF SEQUENTIAL DIFFERENT B CELL ANTIGEN-TARGETED CAR T-CELL THERAPY FOR PEDIATRIC REFRACTORY/ RELAPSED BURKITT LYMPHOMA WITH SECONDARY CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INVOLVEMENT. Leuk Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(22)00240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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THIRD bedside ultrasound protocol for rapid diagnosis of undifferentiated shock: a prospective observational study. Hong Kong Med J 2022; 28:383-391. [PMID: 36171145 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj219648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is clinically challenging to differentiate the pathophysiological types of shock in emergency situations. Here, we evaluated the ability of a novel bedside ultrasound protocol (Tamponade/tension pneumothorax, Heart, Inferior vena cava, Respiratory system, Deep venous thrombosis/aorta dissection [THIRD]) to predict types of shock in the emergency department. METHODS An emergency physician performed the THIRD protocol on all patients with shock who were admitted to the emergency department. All patients were closely followed to determine their final clinical diagnoses. The kappa index, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated for the initial diagnostic impression provided by the THIRD protocol, compared with each patient's final diagnosis. RESULTS In total, 112 patients were enrolled in this study. The kappa index between initial impression and final diagnosis was 0.81 (95% confidence interval=0.73-0.89; P<0.001). For hypovolaemic, cardiogenic, distributive, and obstructive types of shock, the sensitivities of the THIRD protocol were 100%, 100%, 93%, and 100%, respectively; the sensitivity for a 'mixed' shock aetiology was 86%. The negative predictive value of the THIRD protocol for all five types of shock was ≥96%. CONCLUSION Initial diagnostic judgements determined using the THIRD protocol showed favourable agreement with the final diagnosis in patients who presented with undifferentiated shock. The THIRD protocol has great potential for use as a bedside approach that can guide the rapid management of undifferentiated shock in emergency settings, particularly for patients with obstructive, hypovolaemic, or cardiogenic shock.
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1234P Neoadjuvant camrelizumab plus docetaxel and carboplatin in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC): A prospective study. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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EP02.04-005 Phase II NAUTIKA1 Study of Targeted Therapies in Stage II-III NSCLC: Preliminary Data of Neoadjuvant Alectinib for ALK+ NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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813P Time to development of central nervous system (CNS) metastases (mets) with atezolizumab (A) or placebo (P) combined with vemurafenib (V) + cobimetinib (C): Updated results from the phase III IMspire150 study. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Modeling Global Carbon Costs of Plant Nitrogen and Phosphorus Acquisition. JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS 2022; 14:e2022MS003204. [PMID: 36245670 PMCID: PMC9539603 DOI: 10.1029/2022ms003204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Most Earth system models (ESMs) do not explicitly represent the carbon (C) costs of plant nutrient acquisition, which leads to uncertainty in predictions of the current and future constraints to the land C sink. We integrate a plant productivity-optimizing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) acquisition model (fixation & uptake of nutrients, FUN) into the energy exascale Earth system (E3SM) land model (ELM). Global plant N and P uptake are dynamically simulated by ELM-FUN based on the C costs of nutrient acquisition from mycorrhizae, direct root uptake, retranslocation from senescing leaves, and biological N fixation. We benchmarked ELM-FUN with three classes of products: ILAMB, a remotely sensed nutrient limitation product, and CMIP6 models; we found significant improvements in C cycle variables, although the lack of more observed nutrient data prevents a comprehensive level of benchmarking. Overall, we found N and P co-limitation for 80% of land area, with the remaining 20% being either predominantly N or P limited. Globally, the new model predicts that plants invested 4.1 Pg C yr-1 to acquire 841.8 Tg N yr-1 and 48.1 Tg P yr-1 (1994-2005), leading to significant downregulation of global net primary production (NPP). Global NPP is reduced by 20% with C costs of N and 50% with C costs of NP. Modeled and observed nutrient limitation agreement increases when N and P are considered together (r 2 from 0.73 to 0.83).
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[An adaptive CT metal artifact reduction algorithm that combines projection interpolation and physical correction]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:832-839. [PMID: 35790433 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.06.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To propose an adaptive weighted CT metal artifact reduce algorithm that combines projection interpolation and physical correction. METHODS A normalized metal projection interpolation algorithm was used to obtain the initial corrected projection data. A metal physical correction model was then introduced to obtain the physically corrected projection data. To verify the effectiveness of the method, we conducted experiments using simulation data and clinical data. For the simulation data, the quantitative indicators PSNR and SSIM were used for evaluation, while for the clinical data, the resultant images were evaluated by imaging experts to compare the artifact-reducing performance of different methods. RESULTS For the simulation data, the proposed method improved the PSNR value by at least 0.2 dB and resulted in the highest SSIM value among the methods for comparison. The experiment with the clinical data showed that the imaging experts gave the highest scores of 3.616±0.338 (in a 5-point scale) to the images processed using the proposed method, which had significant better artifact-reducing performance than the other methods (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The metal artifact reduction algorithm proposed herein can effectively reduce metal artifacts while preserving the tissue structure information and reducing the generation of new artifacts.
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[Clinicopathological features of rhabdomyosarcoma with TFCP2 fusions]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 51:545-547. [PMID: 35673728 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20211008-00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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Bidirectional Hybrid LSTM Based Recurrent Neural Network for Multi-view Stereo. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2022; PP:1-1. [PMID: 35394911 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2022.3165860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently, deep learning based multi-view stereo (MVS) networks have demonstrated their excellent performance on various benchmarks. In this paper, we present an effective and efficient recurrent neural network (RNN) for accurate and complete dense point cloud reconstruction. Instead of regularizing the cost volume via conventional 3D CNN or unidirectional RNN like previous attempts, we adopt a bidirectional hybrid Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based structure for cost volume regularization. The proposed bidirectional recurrent regularization is able to perceive full-space context information comparable to 3D CNNs while saving runtime memory. For post-processing, we introduce a visibility based approach for depth map refinement to obtain more accurate dense point clouds. Extensive experiments on DTU, Tanks and Temples and ETH3D datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms previous state-of-the-art MVS methods and exhibits high memory efficiency at runtime.
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Ketogenesis acts as an endogenous protective programme to restrain inflammatory macrophage activation during acute pancreatitis. EBioMedicine 2022; 78:103959. [PMID: 35339899 PMCID: PMC8960978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Innate immunity and metabolites link to the pathogenesis and severity of acute pancreatitis (AP). However, liver metabolism and its role in immune response and AP progression remain elusive. We investigated the function of liver metabolism in the pathogenesis of AP. Methods Circulating ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (βOHB) levels were determined in AP clinical cohorts and caerulein-induced AP (CER-AP) mouse models receiving seven (Cer*7) or twelve (Cer*12) injection regimens at hourly intervals. Liver transcriptomics and metabolomics were compared between CER-AP (Cer*7) and CER-AP (Cer*12). Inhibition of fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO)-ketogenesis, or supplementation of βOHB was performed in mouse models of AP. The effect and mechanism of βOHB were examined in vitro. Findings Elevated circulating βOHB was observed in patients with non-severe AP (SAP) but not SAP. These findings were replicated in CER-AP (Cer*7) and CER-AP (Cer*12), which manifested as limited and hyperactive immune responses, respectively. FAO-ketogenesis was activated in CER-AP (Cer*7), while impaired long-chain FAO and mitochondrial function were observed in the liver of CER-AP (Cer*12). Blockage of FAO-ketogenesis (Cpt1a antagonism or Hmgcs2 knockdown) worsened, while supplementation of βOHB or its precursor 1,3-butanediol alleviated the severity of CER-AP. Mechanistically, βOHB had a discernible effect on pancreatic acinar cell damage, instead, it greatly attenuated the activation of pancreatic and systemic proinflammatory macrophages via class I histone deacetylases. Interpretation Our findings reveal that hepatic ketogenesis is activated as an endogenous protective programme to restrain AP progression, indicating its potential therapeutic value. Funding This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Shanghai Youth Talent Support Programme, and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission-Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant.
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[Safety and efficacy of left atrial appendage closure combined with patent foramen ovale closure for atrial fibrillation patients with patent foramen ovale]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2022; 50:257-262. [PMID: 35340144 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20211214-01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the safety and efficacy of combined left atrial appendage (LAA) and patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure in adult atrial fibrillation (AF) patients complicating with PFO. Methods: This study is a retrospective and cross-sectional study. Seven patients with AF complicated with PFO diagnosed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in Zhoupu Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences from June 2017 to October 2020 were selected. Basic data such as age, gender and medical history were collected. The atrial septal defect or PFO occluder and LAA occluder were selected according to the size of PFO, the ostia width and depth of LAA. Four patients underwent left atrial appendage closure(LAAC) and PFO closure at the same time. PFO closure was performed during a one-stop procedure of cryoablation combined with LAAC in 2 patients. One patient underwent PFO closure at 10 weeks after one-stop procedure because of recurrent transient ischemic attack (TIA). All patients continued to take oral anticoagulants. TEE was repeated 8-12 weeks after intervention. In case of device related thrombus(DRT), TEE shall be rechecked 6 months after adjusting anticoagulant and antiplatelet drug treatment. Patients were follow-up at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 months by telephone call, and the occurrence of cardio-cerebrovascular events was recorded. Results: Among the 7 patients with AF, 2 were male, aged (68.0±9.4) years, and 3 had a history of recurrent cerebral infarction and TIA. Average PFO diameter was (3.5±0.8)mm. Three patients were implanted with Watchman LAA occluder (30, 30, 33 mm) and atrial septal defect occluder (8, 9, 16 mm). 2 patients were implanted with LAmbre LAA occluder (34/38, 18/32 mm) and PFO occluder (PF1825, PF2525). 2 patients were implanted with LACbes LAA occluder (24, 28 mm) and PFO occluder (PF2525, PF1825) respectively. The patients were followed up for 12 (11, 24) months after operation. TEE reexamination showed that the position of LAA occluder and atrial septal defect occluder or PFO occluder was normal in all patients. DRT was detected in 1 patient, and anticoagulant therapy was adjusted in this patient. 6 months later, TEE showed that DRT disappeared. No cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events occurred in all patients with AF during follow-up. Conclusions: In AF patients complicated with PFO, LAAC combined with PFO closure may have good safety and effectiveness.
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[Progress on clinical trials of common gastrointestinal cancer drugs in China from 2012 to 2021]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 2022; 44:276-281. [PMID: 35316878 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20211207-00907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Systematically summarize the research progress of clinical trials of gastric cancer oncology drugs and the overview of marketed drugs in China from 2012 to 2021, providing data and decision-making evidence for relevant departments. Methods: Based on the registration database of the drug clinical trial registration and information disclosure platform of Food and Drug Administration of China and the data query system of domestic and imported drugs, the information on gastric cancer drug clinical trials, investigational drugs and marketed drugs from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2021 was analyzed, and the differences between Chinese and foreign enterprises in terms of trial scope, trial phase, treatment lines and drug type, effect and mechanism studies were compared. Results: A total of 114 drug clinical trials related to gastric tumor were registered in China from 2012 to 2021, accounting for 3.7% (114/3 041) of all anticancer drug clinical trials in the same period, the registration number showed a significant growth rate after 2016 and reached its peak with 32 trials in 2020. Among them, 85 (74.6%, 85/114) trials were initiated by Chinese pharmaceutical enterprise. Compared with foreign pharmaceutical enterprise, Chinese pharmaceutical enterprise had higher rates of phase I trials (35.3% vs 6.9%, P=0.001), but the rate of international multicenter trials (11.9% vs 67.9%, P<0.001) was relatively low. There were 76 different drugs involved in relevant clinical trials, of which 65 (85.5%) were targeted drugs. For targeted drugs, HER2 is the most common one (14 types), followed by PD-1 and multi-target VEGER. In the past ten years, 3 of 4 marketed drugs for gastric cancer treatment were domestic and included in the national medical insurance directory. Conclusions: From 2012 to 2021, China has made some progress in drug research and development for gastric carcinoma. However, compared with the serious disease burden, it is still insufficient. Targeted strengthening of research and development of investment in many aspects of gastric cancer drugs, such as new target discovery, matured target excavating, combination drug development and early line therapy promotion, is the key work in the future, especially for domestic companies.
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Paeonol protects against acute pancreatitis by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization via the NLRP3 inflammasomes pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 600:35-43. [PMID: 35182973 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The excessive inflammatory response mediated by macrophage is one of the key factors for the progress of acute pancreatitis (AP). Paeonol (Pae) was demonstrated to exert multiple anti-inflammatory effects. However, the role of Pae on AP is not clear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Pae on AP in vivo and vitro. In the caerulein-induced mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) model, we found that Pae administration reduced serum levels of amylase, lipase, IL-1β and IL-6 and alleviated the histopathological manifestations of pancreatic tissue in a dose-dependent manner. And Pae decrease the ROS generated, restore mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), inhibit M1 macrophage polarization and NLRP3 inflammasome in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) in vitro. In addition, specific NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 eliminated the protective effect of Pae on AP induced by caerulein in mice. Correspondingly, the inhibitory effect of Pae on ROS generated and M1 polarization was not observed in BMDMs with MCC950 in vitro. Taken together, our datas for the first time confirmed the protective effects of Pae on AP via the NLRP3 inflammasomes Pathway.
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Evidence of a shared binding site for Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac and Cry2Aa toxins in Cnaphalocrocis medinalis cadherin. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 31:101-114. [PMID: 34637177 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Insect midgut cadherins function as receptors and play critical roles as protein receptors of insecticidal Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins used as biopesticides and in Bt transgenic crops worldwide. Here, we cloned and characterized the full-length midgut cadherin (CmCad) cDNA from the rice leaffolder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis), a destructive pest of rice in many Asian countries. Expression of recombinant proteins corresponding to the extracellular domain of CmCad allowed testing binding of Cry proteins. Results from in vitro ligand blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays supported that the extracellular domain of CmCad contains regions recognized by both Cry1Ac and Cry2Aa. Molecular modelling and docking simulations indicated that binding to both Cry1Ac and Cry2Aa is localized primarily within a CmCad motif corresponding to residues T1417-D1435. A recombinant CmCad protein produced without residues T1417-D1435 lacked binding to Cry1Ac and Cry2Aa, confirmed our modelling predictions that CmCad has a shared Cry1Ac and Cry2Aa binding site. The potential existence of a shared binding region in CmCad suggests that caution should be taken when using combinations of Cry1Ac and Cry2Aa in pyramided transgenic rice, as their combined use could speed the evolution of resistance to both toxins.
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[A case of recurrent thrombus after left atrial appendage closure]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2022; 50:77-79. [PMID: 35045620 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20211130-01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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Causal relationship between gut microbiota and serum vitamin D: evidence from genetic correlation and Mendelian randomization study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:1017-1023. [DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-01065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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[Association between nutritional status and depression among centenarians in Hainan Province]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2022; 102:114-118. [PMID: 35012299 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210520-01171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the relationship between nutritional status and depression of centenarians in Hainan Province. Methods: A total of 1 002 elderly people in Hainan Province who were 100 years of age or older on June 1, 2014 were included in the study. The basic condition questionnaire, Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living-Lawton scale (Lawton-IADL) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) were used to collect the subjects' demographic characteristics, disease history, nutritional status, functional status of daily activities, and depression, respectively. The restricted cubic spline fitting logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the scores of MNA-SF and depression. The multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and depression in the total population and different subgroups of daily activity function. Results: The M (Q1, Q3) of subjects' age was 102 (101, 104) years old, among which 82.0% (822) were women. The prevalence of malnutrition, impaired daily activities, and depression was 20.8% (208 cases), 64.7% (648 cases) and 28.5%(286 cases), respectively. Restricted cubic spline fitting logistic regression model showed a linear association between the scores of the MNA-SF and depression (P=0.251). The higher the MNA-SF score was, the lower the risk of depression was in centenarians. Multivariable logistic regression model analysis showed that after adjusting for sex, education level, diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, visual function, hearing function, and functional status of daily activities, malnutrition was positively associated with the development of depression in the total population and the subgroup with impaired daily activities [OR (95%CI) was 1.50 (1.07-2.11) and 1.56 (1.09-2.24), respectively], but not in the subgroup with good daily activities [OR (95%CI): 0.77 (0.21-2.80)]. Conclusion: Malnutrition is positively associated with depression, especially in the centenarians with impaired daily activities.
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Study on the Major Genes Related with Fat Deposition in Liver and Abdominal Fat of Different Breeds of Chicken. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2020-1373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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[Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infections in freshwater fish in mainland China: A meta-analysis]. ZHONGGUO XUE XI CHONG BING FANG ZHI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL 2021; 34:16-27. [PMID: 35266353 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2021230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the real prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infections in the freshwater fish in mainland China, so as to provide insights into clonorchiasis control and detection of freshwater fish. METHODS All literatures reporting the prevalence of C. sinensis infections in the freshwater fish, the second intermediate host of the parasite, were jointly retrieved in Chinese and English electronic databases from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020, including Wanfang Data, CNKI, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library. All studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the quality of all enrolled literatures was evaluated. The pooled prevalence of C. sinensis infections in freshwater fish and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using the software Stata version 15.0, and subgroup analyses were performed to investigate the region-, season- and sample source-specific pooled prevalence of C. sinensis infections in freshwater fish. In addition, the sensitivity and publication bias of all included studies were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 40 eligible literatures were included in this study, including 37 Chinese literatures and 3 English literatures, and there were 10 high-quality literatures, 27 moderate-quality literatures and 3 low-quality literatures. A total of 53 species containing 37 959 freshwater fish were reported in these 40 studies, and 73.58% (39/53) of freshwater fish species were identified with C. sinensis infections. Meta-analysis showed 23.5% [95% CI: (0.19, 0.28)] pooled prevalence of C. sinensis infections in freshwater fish in mainland China, and subgroup analyses higher prevalence of C. sinensis infections in freshwater fish in northeastern China [35.7%, 95% CI: (0.22, 0.50)] than in central [25.9%, 95% CI: (0.04, 0.48)] and southern China [20.6%, 95% CI: (0.09, 0.32)], higher prevalence of C. sinensis infections in freshwater fish sampled in spring [44.1%, 95% CI: (0.35, 0.53)] than in autumn [6.7%, 95% CI: (0.05, 0.08)] and summer [3.3%, 95% CI: (-0.01, 0.07)], and higher prevalence of C. sinensis infections in freshwater fish sampled from natural water [25.2%, 95% CI: (0.17, 0.33)] than from retail trades [22.2%, 95% CI: (0.17, 0.28)] and breeding chain [12.3%, 95% CI: (0.03, 0.22)]. However, all included studies had a publication bias with a low sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of C. sinensis infections is high in freshwater fish in mainland China, and there are still challenges for clonorchiasis control. Reinforcement of health education, diagnostics development and food safety supervision is recommended in future clonorchiasis control programs.
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61P IMpower110: Exploratory analyses of the impact of first-line (1L) atezolizumab on the efficacy of next-line of therapy in PD-L1–selected NSCLC. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.10.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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147P Inductive anti-PD-1 and albumin paclitaxel/cisplatin on pathological response in patients with locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma: A single arm trial. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.10.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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