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Arceluz M, Frankel D, Tschabrunn C, Santangeli P, Bravo P, Supple G, Muser D, Callans D, Schaller R, Hyman M, Kumareswaran R, Riley M, Lin D, Arkles J, Marchlinski F. Role of QRS amplitude, fractionation and duration in predicting clinical response to anti-inflammatory treatment in cardiac sarcoidosis. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Low QRS amplitude (QRSa), QRS fractionation (QRSf) and longer QRS duration (QRSd) are markers of myocardial fibrosis and inflammation in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM).
Objective
To determine if reduction of inflammation with treatment of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) may reverse these 12 lead ECG parameter changes.
Methods
21 patients (pts) with CS and VT ablation with a positive baseline positron emission tomographic (PET 1) scan were studied. All pts received prednisone ≥40 mg for 4 to 8 weeks followed by a taper and maintenance with methotrexate ± low-dose prednisone, <10 mg/day, until clinically stable and resolution of inflammation on PET 2 one year after initial. In addition, pts with low LV ejection fraction (13/21) received guideline directed medical therapy for heart failure. Pts at 1yr with positive PET2 (9) were compared to those with negative PET2 (12). Baseline and 1yr 12-lead ECGs were analyzed for QRSd, ≥2QRSf contiguous leads and QRSa in the limb leads.
Results
Pts in PET2(+) vs PET2(−) groups has similar gender (men 89% vs 100%, p=0.42), age (57±8 vs 56±10 years, p=0.8) and LV ejection fraction (41±11 vs 46±11, p=0.31). Baseline 12-lead ECGs showed similar QRSd, ≥2QRSf contiguous leads and QRSa for PET2(+) vs PET2(−); P all >0.15 (Table 1). At 1 yr there was a lower prevalence of ≥2QRSf contiguous leads and strong trend for shorter QRS duration and larger QRSa in lead DI if PET2(−) vs PET2(+). 4 pts demonstrated loss of QRSf 2 contiguous leads and/or increase in QRSa in DI by at least 0.15 mV from baseline if PET2(−) and none if PET2(+).
Conclusions
In pts with CS and VT, reversal of inflammation may result in a greater QRSa and reduction in QRSf. An increase in QRSa in lead 1 by >0.15mV and/or loss of QRSf identifies a clear positive response to treatment and negative PET at 1 year.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Richard T and Angela Clark Innovation Fund in Cardiovascular Medicine, the Mark S Marchlinski EP Research and Education Fund and the Winkelman Family Fund in Cardiovascular Innovation. Table 1
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arceluz
- The Pennsylvania Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - D Frankel
- The Pennsylvania Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - C Tschabrunn
- The Pennsylvania Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - P Santangeli
- The Pennsylvania Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - P Bravo
- The Pennsylvania Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - G Supple
- The Pennsylvania Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - D Muser
- The Pennsylvania Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - D Callans
- The Pennsylvania Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - R Schaller
- The Pennsylvania Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - M Hyman
- The Pennsylvania Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - R Kumareswaran
- The Pennsylvania Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - M Riley
- The Pennsylvania Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - D Lin
- The Pennsylvania Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - J Arkles
- The Pennsylvania Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - F Marchlinski
- The Pennsylvania Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, United States of America
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2
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Mittal S, Wilkoff B, Poole J, Kennergren C, Wright D, Berman B, Riggio D, Sholevar S, Moubarak J, Schaller R, Love J, Pickett R, Philippon F, Lande J, Tarakji K. Low-temperature electrocautery reduces lead-related complications: insights from the WRAP-IT study. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Patients with an existing cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) often require a generator replacement or system upgrade/revision, during which some degree of dissection is usually necessary to free the existing lead(s). Commonly used techniques include blunt dissection, standard surgical electrocautery, or newer forms of electrocautery such as the low-temperature electrosurgical device (PlasmaBlade Soft Tissue Dissection Device) designed to minimize inadvertent thermal injury to leads.
Objective
Determine whether the dissection technique impacts the likelihood of developing a lead-related complication.
Methods
The WRAP-IT trial enrolled patients undergoing CIED replacement, upgrade, revision or de novo CRT-D implant. This analysis excluded patients undergoing a de novo procedure. All adverse events were adjudicated by an independent physician committee. Data were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression modeling, controlling for capsulectomies and lead dissections.
Results
5639 patients (mean [±SD] age: 70.6±12.7 years; 28.8% female) underwent a replacement/upgrade/revision. Electrocautery was used in 5203 (92.3%) patients and among these, low-temperature electrocautery was used in 1866 (35.9%) patients. Compared to standard electrocautery, low-temperature electrocautery was used more often when leads were dissected or mobilized (P<0.001) or when a partial or complete capsulectomy was performed (P<0.001). Use of low-temperature electrocautery was associated with a 31% reduction in lead-related complications (HR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.49–0.98, P=0.037) (Figure).
Conclusion
The low-temperature electrosurgical device (PlasmaBlade) uses precise pulses of radiofrequency energy to dissect tissue with only minimal thermal damage. In this large cohort of replacement, revision, and upgrade procedures, use of low-temperature electrocautery led to significantly fewer lead-related complications.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Medtronic
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mittal
- The Valley Hospital, Ridgewood, United States of America
| | - B Wilkoff
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - J Poole
- University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, United States of America
| | - C Kennergren
- Sahlgrenska Academy - University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - D Wright
- Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - B Berman
- Chula Vista Cardiac Center, Chula Vista, United States of America
| | - D Riggio
- Arizona Arrhythmia Consultants, Scottsdale, United States of America
| | - S Sholevar
- Virtua Health System, Camden, United States of America
| | - J Moubarak
- UPMC Hamot Hospital, Erie, United States of America
| | - R Schaller
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - J Love
- Maine Medical Center, Portland, United States of America
| | - R Pickett
- Saint Thomas West Hospital, Nashville, United States of America
| | - F Philippon
- Centre de Recherche de lInstitut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - J Lande
- Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - K Tarakji
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States of America
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Futyma PR, Aksu T, Cooper JM, Schaller R, Winterfield J, Payne J, Omarov M, Vazquez O, Guler TE, Bozyel S, Zahwe F, Gautam S, Futyma M, Vijayaraman P, Kulakowski P. P1127Occurrence, management and outcomes of iatrogenic aortic dissections as a complication of catheter ablation. A multicenter study. Europace 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euaa162.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Data on occurrence, management and outcomes of iatrogenic aortic dissections (IAD) as a complication of catheter ablation (CA) do not exist.
Purpose
To evaluate multicenter data on occurrence, management and outcomes of IAD as a complication of CA.
Methods
Data on occurrence, management and outcomes of documented vascular dissections from 10 centers were evaluated.
Results
IADs occurred in 7 patients (2 females, age 63 ± 8 years). Indications for CA were frequent premature ventricular complexes (PVC)/ventricular tachycardia (VT) in 6 patients (86%) and left-sided accessory pathway in the remaining one (14%). Hypertension was most frequent comorbidity (4 pts, 57%). All IADs occurred during retrograde advancement of ablation catheter. In the vast majority of patients creation of IAD during catheter advancement was not associated with any symptoms (6 pts, 86%). IAD was initially detected using trans-luminal angiogram in 5 (71%) and further confirmed using computed tomography (CT) (5 pts, 71%), conventional angiography (2 pts, 28%) and ultrasound (2 pts, 28%). One IAD was detected during CT scan performed for other indication after CA. There was one IAD-related death and IAD was evaluated post-mortem. Follow-up lasted 10 ± 19 months. Four patients were treated conservatively, one patient underwent descending aorta stenting and one femoral artery stenting.
Conclusions
IAD during CA is a rare but can be devastating. Early recognition can be difficult. Conservative management of IAD is an option of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Futyma
- St. Joseph"s Heart Center, Invasive Cardiology Department, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - T Aksu
- Kocaeli Derince Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - J M Cooper
- Temple Heart & Vascular Institute, Cardiac Electrophysiology , Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - R Schaller
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Cardiology, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - J Winterfield
- Medical University of South Carolina, Division of Cardiology, Charleston, United States of America
| | - J Payne
- Medical University of South Carolina, Division of Cardiology, Charleston, United States of America
| | - M Omarov
- FCCVS, Department of Cardiology, Perm, Russian Federation
| | - O Vazquez
- Lic Adolfo López Mateos Hospital, ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - T E Guler
- Kocaeli Derince Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - S Bozyel
- Kocaeli Derince Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - F Zahwe
- Michigan Heart Rhythm Center, Dearborn, United States of America
| | - S Gautam
- University of Missouri, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Columbia, United States of America
| | - M Futyma
- St. Joseph"s Heart Center, Invasive Cardiology Department, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - P Vijayaraman
- Geisinger Heart Institute, Wilkes Barre, United States of America
| | - P Kulakowski
- Grochowski Hospital, Postgraduate Medical School, Warsaw, Poland
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Ballmer-Weber BK, Brockow K, Fiocchi A, Theler B, Vogel L, Ring J, Szépfalusi Z, Mazzina O, Schaller R, Fritsché R, Vissers YM, Nutten S. Hydrolysed egg displays strong decrease in allergenicity and is well tolerated by egg-allergic patients. Allergy 2016; 71:728-32. [PMID: 26836363 DOI: 10.1111/all.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Food allergies are believed to be on the rise, and currently, management relies on the avoidance of the food. Hen's egg allergy is after cow's milk allergy the most common food allergy; eggs are used in many food products and thus difficult to avoid. A technological process using a combination of enzymatic hydrolysis and heat treatment was designed to produce modified hen's egg with reduced allergenic potential. Biochemical (SDS-PAGE, Size exclusion chromatography and LC-MS/MS) and immunological (ELISA, immunoblot, RBL-assays, animal model) analysis showed a clear decrease in intact proteins as well as a strong decrease of allergenicity. In a clinical study, 22 of the 24 patients with a confirmed egg allergy who underwent a double-blind food challenge with the hydrolysed egg remained completely free of symptoms. Hydrolysed egg products may be beneficial as low-allergenic foods for egg-allergic patients to extent their diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. K. Ballmer-Weber
- Allergy Unit; Department of Dermatology; University Hospital; Zürich Switzerland
| | - K. Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - A. Fiocchi
- Pediatric Hospital Bambino Gesù; Vatican City Italy
| | - B. Theler
- Allergy Unit; Department of Dermatology; University Hospital; Zürich Switzerland
| | - L. Vogel
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut; Langen Germany
| | - J. Ring
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
- Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE; Hochgebirgsklinik; Davos Switzerland
| | - Z. Szépfalusi
- Department of Pediatrics; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - O. Mazzina
- Pediatric Hospital Bambino Gesù; Vatican City Italy
| | - R. Schaller
- Nestlé Research Center; Lausanne Switzerland
| | - R. Fritsché
- Nestlé Research Center; Lausanne Switzerland
| | | | - S. Nutten
- Nestlé Research Center; Lausanne Switzerland
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Bodenlenz M, Dragatin C, Hoefferer C, Birngruber T, Priedl J, Feichtner F, Schaller R, Aigner B, Korsatko S, Pieber TR, Sinner F. Certified dOFM sampling devices provide access to target tissue in pharmaceutical trials. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2013; 58 Suppl 1:/j/bmte.2013.58.issue-s1-E/bmt-2013-4133/bmt-2013-4133.xml. [PMID: 24042762 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2013-4133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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7
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Schlögl S, Temel A, Schaller R, Holzner A, Kern W. PREVULCANIZATION OF NATURAL RUBBER LATEX BY UV TECHNIQUES: A PROCESS TOWARDS REDUCING TYPE IV CHEMICAL SENSITIVITY OF LATEX ARTICLES. Rubber Chemistry and Technology 2010. [DOI: 10.5254/1.3457793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The UV induced prevulcanization of natural rubber (NR) latex provides an innovative technology for an efficient cross-linking. In the photochemical process, a selected photoinitiator and a poly-functional thiol are added to the NR latex. Free radicals (bond cleavage of the photoinitiator) are generated due to UV irradiation and cross-linking of the latex particles is then achieved by a thiol-ene addition reaction. The thiol-ene addition reaction in NR films is characterized with Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy. To achieve the prevulcanization of latex, both a thin film photoreactor and a falling film photoreactor are applied. Solid latex films are then produced by conventional dipping of the precured NR latex. The NR latex films are distinguished by good skin compatibility due to the absence of sensitizing or irritating processing agents which are used in conventional sulfur vulcanization. Moreover UV cross-linked films display excellent physical properties as well as high aging stabilities. Further advantages of the new technology compared to conventional sulfur vulcanization are low energy consumption together with short vulcanization times.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Schlögl
- 1Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Roseggerstraße 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - A. Temel
- 1Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Roseggerstraße 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - R. Schaller
- 2Semperit Technische Produkte GmbH, Triester Bundesstraße 26, 2632 Wimpassing, Austria
| | - A. Holzner
- 2Semperit Technische Produkte GmbH, Triester Bundesstraße 26, 2632 Wimpassing, Austria
| | - W. Kern
- 3University of Leoben, Institute for Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Franz-Josef Straße 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria
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8
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Schaller R, Feichtner F, Köhler H, Bodenlenz M, Plank J, Wutte A, Mader JK, Ellmerer M, Hellmich R, Wedig H, Hainisch R, Pieber TR, Schaupp L. A novel automated discontinuous venous blood monitoring system for ex vivo glucose determination in humans. Biosens Bioelectron 2008; 24:2239-45. [PMID: 19135351 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2008.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2008] [Revised: 11/27/2008] [Accepted: 11/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Intensive insulin therapy reduces mortality and morbidity in critically ill patients but imposes great demands on medical staff who must take frequent blood samples for the determination of glucose levels. A solution to this resourcing problem would be provided by an automated blood monitoring system. The aim of the present clinical study was to evaluate such a system comprising an automatic blood sampling unit linked to a glucose biosensor. Our approach was to determine the correlation and system error of the sampling unit alone and of the combined system with respect to reference levels over 12h in humans. Two venous cannulae were inserted to connect the automatic and reference systems to the subjects. Blood samples were taken at 15 and 30 min intervals. The median Pearson coefficient of correlation between manually and automatically withdrawn blood samples was 0.982 for the sampling unit alone and 0.950 for the complete system. The biosensor had a linear range up to 20 mmoll(-1) and a 95% response time of <2 min. Clark Error Grid analysis showed that 96.93% of the data (228 data pairs) was in zone A and 3.07% in zone B. Insulin Titration Error Grid analysis suggested an acceptable treatment in 99.56% of cases. Implementation of a "Keep Vein Open" saline infusion into the automated blood sampling system reduced blood withdrawal failures through occluded catheters fourfold. In summary, automated blood sampling from a peripheral vein coupled with automatic glucose determination is a promising alternative to frequent manual blood sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Schaller
- Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Institute of Medical Technologies and Health Management, Elisabethstrasse 11a, 8010 Graz, Austria
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9
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Feichtner F, Schaller R, Fercher A, Schaupp L, Plank J, Wutte A, Ellmerer M, Pieber T. Continuous glucose monitoring for intensive care patients using whole blood microdialysis. Crit Care 2007. [PMCID: PMC4095197 DOI: 10.1186/cc5303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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10
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Schaller R, Feichtner F, Fercher A, Schaupp L, Bodenlenz M, Köhler H, Plank J, Wutte A, Ellmerer M, Hainisch R, Pieber T. System for automated discontinuous venous blood withdrawal for glucose determination of patients in the intensive care unit. Crit Care 2007. [PMCID: PMC4095183 DOI: 10.1186/cc5289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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11
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Donzel L, Lakki A, Schaller R. Glass transition and α relaxation in Y–Si–Al–O–N glasses and in Si3N4 ceramics studied by mechanical spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01418619708200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Donzel
- a Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Départment de Physique , Institut de Génie Atomique , CH-1015 , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - A. Lakki
- a Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Départment de Physique , Institut de Génie Atomique , CH-1015 , Lausanne , Switzerland
- b Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaft , Seestrasse 92, D-70174 , Stuttgart , Germany
| | - R. Schaller
- a Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Départment de Physique , Institut de Génie Atomique , CH-1015 , Lausanne , Switzerland
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12
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Plank J, Schaller R, Ellmerer M, Koller D, Eberhardt R, Köhler G, Shoemaker M, Obermaier K, Toller W, Pieber T, Schaupp L. Crit Care 2006; 10:P254. [DOI: 10.1186/cc4601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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13
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Temel A, Schaller R, Höchtl M, Kern W. Determination of Residual Vulcanization Accelerators in Natural Rubber Latex Films Using FTIR Spectroscopy. Rubber Chemistry and Technology 2005. [DOI: 10.5254/1.3547871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Many vulcanization accelerators are well known contact sensitizers (Type IV allergy) and therefore pose a serious problem in latex applications like gloves and condoms. In this study, a vulcanization system for NR latex based on diisopropylxanthogen polysulfide (DiPXP) and Zn-diisononyl dithiocarbamate (ZDiNC) was investigated. The thermal decomposition of DiPXP during and after the vulcanization process was assessed. FTIR methods for the determination of residual vulcanization accelerators ZDiNC and DiPXP in latex films and extracts therefrom were developed. When appropriate conditions are selected for the production of NR latex films, the accelerator DiPXP was no more detectable in extracts from the finished NR latex product. The use of thermally decomposable vulcanization accelerators is a way towards NR latex products with significantly reduced allergenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Temel
- 1Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - R. Schaller
- 2Semperit Technische Produkte GmbH & Co KG, 2632 Wimpassing, Austria
| | - M. Höchtl
- 2Semperit Technische Produkte GmbH & Co KG, 2632 Wimpassing, Austria
| | - W. Kern
- 3Graz University of Technology, Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Organic Materials 8010 Graz, Austria;
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15
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Arm H, Bánkay D, Schaller R, Wälti M. Untersuchungen über das Verhalten organischer Mischphasen. 4. Mitteilung. Dampfdrücke, thermodynamische Mischungsfunktionen und Brechungsindizes der binären Systeme Tetrahydrofuran-Diäthyläther und Methanol-Tetrahydrofuran bei 25°. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19660490825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Carre�o-Morelli E, Yang J, Couteau E, Hernadi K, Seo JW, Bonjour C, Forr� L, Schaller R. Carbon nanotube/magnesium composites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pssa.200409045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Daraktchiev M, Schaller R. High-temperature mechanical loss behaviour of 3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (3Y-TZP). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/pssa.200305946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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Sommer M, Schaller R, Fünfstück R, Bohle A, Böhmer FD, Müller GA, Stein G. Abnormal growth and clonal proliferation of fibroblasts in an animal model of unilateral ureteral obstruction. Nephron Clin Pract 2000; 82:39-50. [PMID: 10224483 DOI: 10.1159/000045366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The time course for the development of renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) in rats between days 5 and 25 after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) was studied. In kidneys with UUO under histological examination, an interstitial fibrosis was observed after more than 10 days with progression up to day 25. On day 5, collagen peptidase activity in homogenates of UUO kidneys was about 50% higher than in controls but gradually declined afterwards until reaching the level obtained from contralateral kidneys (CL) on day 25. 10 days after UUO, renal hydroxyproline content was elevated about twofold as compared to CL and sham-operated rats, and increased considerably by day 25 of UUO. In primary cultures of cells obtained from UUO kidneys, fibroblast proliferation increased regardless of the extent of fibrosis. This could be a result of an early inflammatory process. Renal fibroblasts from rats are heterogenous when studied in vitro. When fibroblasts of passage 1 obtained from kidneys 25 days after UUO were plated at low density, the number of mitotic type I clones was elevated 5.5-fold as compared with cultures from CL kidneys. The majority of type I clones in UUO cultures from fibrotic kidneys developed in an unusual fashion with formation of three-dimensional structures. The changes detectable under the unfavorable conditions of clonal culture suggest phenotypical differentiation of a small fraction of fibroblasts from kidneys with RIF. These cells are able to overgrow cell monolayers forming circular growing colonies. Obviously, one needs to distinguish between intensive proliferation as a consequence of acute inflammation, and the changes in phenotype of a small fraction of renal fibroblasts which are resistant to normal physiologic regulative mechanisms in cell culture. The latter may contribute to matrix disorders and RIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sommer
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Jena, Germany
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19
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Abstract
The percutaneous placement of ventriculoatrial (VA) shunts has been previously described, usually in adults. We report a series of 7 pediatric cases ranging from 6 to 17 years. Five patients were female and 2 were male. All patients had prior ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts for hydrocephalus, of which 1 had been subsequently converted to a ventriculopleural shunt. Indications for conversion to a VA shunt were intra-abdominal infection in 6 cases and chronic pleuritic chest pain in 1 patient. The venous entry was the subclavian vein in all cases. All patients have remained asymptomatic since the operation. There were no complications associated with the procedures, with follow-up ranging from 2 to 12 months. This technique is a viable alternative to the open cervical approach for venous entry to the right atrium in the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- G W Britz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Wash., USA
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Abstract
Major vascular injury can result during use of the Ilizarov technique for lower extremity limb lengthening. Vascular reconstruction may be accomplished while leaving the external fixation ring in place. Continued distraction is made possible by leaving sufficient redundancy in the vascular graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Waldhausen
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98105, USA
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Schwab M, Schaller R, Bauer R, Zwiener U. Morphofunctional effects of moderate forebrain ischemia combined with short-term hypoxia in rats--protective effects of Cerebrolysin. Exp Toxicol Pathol 1997; 49:29-37. [PMID: 9085071 DOI: 10.1016/s0940-2993(97)80053-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Morphofunctional effects of combined moderate forebrain ischemia due to permanent bilateral carotid artery ligation and short-term systemic hypoxia in rats were investigated. Moreover, a putative effect of brain protection by Cerebrolysin (Cerebrolysin, EBEWE, Austria), a brain tissue hydrolysate containing a mixture of 85% free amino acids and 15% small peptides (MW < 10,000), was studied. Eighty-seven adult Wistar rats (24 Cerebrolysin treated and 63 controls) were subjected to chronic moderate forebrain ischemia by permanent bilateral carotid artery ligation for 7 days. Twenty-four hours after the onset of ischemia, 56 of them underwent an additional hypoxic hypoxia (FiO2 = 0.08) of 15 min. A first group (19 out of 56 animals) received Cerebrolysin (every dose 2.5 ml/kg body weight s.c.) after ligation, after hypoxia and then daily. A second group (6 out of 56 animals) received an equal volume of physiological saline after ligation and Cerebrolysin the first time after hypoxia and then once a day. An untreated control group (31 out 56 animals) received physiological saline. Changes in behavior were scored and electrophysiological activity was quantified by spectral ECoG analysis before carotid artery ligation, before and after hypoxia, and once a day during the following 7 days. On the 7th day after hypoxia, the animals were sacrificed and the grade of histological damage was quantified by morphometry. After permanent carotid artery ligation, 20 out of 63 (31.7%) untreated control animals died within 24 h but only 4 out of 20 (16.7%) Cerebrolysin treated animals. However, Cerebrolysin had not detectable effect on mortality after the additional acute hypoxia. Within 24 h after hypoxia, ECoG power of the higher frequency ranges remained low (p < 0.05). Surviving animals showed a significantly higher ECoG power during and 15 min after hypoxia than those animals that died within 48 h after hypoxia (p < 0.05). All animals showed reduced behavioral activity (p < 0.01) 20 min after hypoxia, however, basal reflex responses were not altered. The major patterns of neuronal damage were coagulation necrosis and general sponginess of the neuropil which is a sign of brain edema. These changes occurred predominantly within the superolateral convexities of the parietal cortex, in the entorhinal and in the piriform cortex as well as in the CA1 and CA4 region and in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. The striatum and the origin nuclei of the brain nerves were also affected. We did not observe a relationship between behavior, ECoG depression and the extent of morphological damage after hypoxia nor did we find any protective effects of Cerebrolysin on these parameters. Rather it is suggested that the degree of ECoG depression immediately after hypoxic hypoxia could be a predictor for prognosis of animal survival. Cerebrolysin reduced the amount of early mortality which was caused by moderate global forebrain ischemia. However, no protective influences of the amount of brain tissue damage could be shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schwab
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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Carreño-Morelli E, Urreta SE, Gabella L, Schaller R. Thermal Stress Relaxation in Al-Al2O3 (f) Composites During Thermal Cycling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1051/jp4:19968159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Urreta SE, Schaller R, Carreño-Morelli E, Gabella L. The Internal Damping of Al-Al2O3 (f) Composites During Thermal Cycling : the Effect of Fibre Content and Matrix Strength. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1051/jp4:19968162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if rectal myectomy is an effective treatment for a specific group of patients with Hirschsprung's disease. DESIGN Retrospective series with follow-up of 6 to 132 months (mean follow-up, 37.1 months). SETTING Children's hospital. PATIENTS Fourteen children aged 2 to 14 years with chronic constipation and nondiagnostic barium enema contrast study findings. INTERVENTION Posterior rectal myectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Laxative use, frequency of stools, incidence of soiling or incontinence, and patient's assessment of improvement. RESULTS The conditions of all 14 patients improved regardless of the presence of ganglion cells in the myectomy specimen; there were six excellent, six good, and two fair assessments. laxatives were used intermittently by seven of 14 patients. No patients complained of incontinence or soiling. CONCLUSIONS Rectal myectomy is an effective, less-extensive operation that should be considered for older children with Hirschsprung's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sawin
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle
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Schaller R, Sperschneider H, Thieler H, Dutz W, Hans S, Voigt D, Marx M, Engelmann J, Schöter KH, Scigalla P. Differences in intravenous and subcutaneous application of recombinant human erythropoietin: a multicenter trial. Artif Organs 1994; 18:552-8. [PMID: 7993190 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.1994.tb03378.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this clinical study were to compare the maintenance doses for intravenous (i.v.) and subcutaneous (SC) administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) and to investigate whether there is any difference in the increase of the packed cellular volume (PCV) per week under i.v. and SC administration of rhEPO from two production sites (Genetics Institute, Cambridge, USA; and Boehringer Mannheim, Penzberg, Germany). A total of 90 patients suffering from end-stage renal disease were included in the study. All patients had already been treated for at least 6 months with chronic hemodialysis. The study was carried out as a randomized, multicenter parallel group comparison study with a 1-week pretreatment phase, a subsequent 8-week double-blind phase, and a final open phase. The final open phase consisted of a correction phase and a maintenance phase. The production site had no influence on the PCV increase per week, and there were no differences with respect to tolerability. The median rhEPO dose required to maintain the target PCV of 30 to 35 vol.% was 33 U/kg body weight three times a week in the i.v. group compared with 22 U/kg in the SC group (i.e., an average of 30% less with SC administration). Development or aggravation of hypertension under rhEPO therapy was observed, especially during the correction phase and more frequently in the SC group than in the i.v. group. During the maintenance phase, there was no essential difference between the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Schaller
- Klinik für Innere Medizin, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, Germany
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Stein G, Günther K, Sperschneider H, Carlsohn H, Hüller M, Schubert K, Schaller R. Clinical evaluation of a new dialyzer, FLX-12 GW, with a polyester-polymer alloy membrane. Artif Organs 1993; 17:339-45. [PMID: 8507169 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.1993.tb00590.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The performance of a membrane in renal failure therapy is determined by its structure, its overall mass transfer properties, and its blood compatibility. In this regard, removal of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) has become a major objective of dialysis therapy. In the present study, a newly developed high-flux membrane composed of a polyester-polymer alloy (PEPA) with the components of polyarylate and polyethersulfone (dialyzer FLX-12 GW; Nikkiso Co., Japan) has been evaluated with regard to both biocompatibility and elimination capacity for beta 2M during hemodialysis of 8 stable chronic uremic patients. The clearance values of low molecular weight solutes were in the same range as those reported for high-flux dialyzers of comparable surface area. There was no drop in leukocyte counts and only a minimal fall in platelet counts nearly in the same range as has been observed by other investigators using polyamide membrane. C3a Des Arg generation was low, and C5a Des Arg formation was not significantly influenced. There was a sharp drop in the serum beta 2M level (-35%) during dialysis with a clearance between 59.7 +/- 5.6 ml/min (QB 200 ml/min) and 70.1 +/- 9.7 ml/min (QB 300 ml/min), respectively. Accordingly, the sieving coefficient was calculated to be 0.2 at 30 min after start of dialysis and 0.6 1 h later. The membrane was able to remove 184.0 +/- 22.3 mg/4 h due to an apparent rate of adsorption during the first hour of treatment in combination with high transmembrane transfer in the following time.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Stein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Jena, Germany
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Abstract
When primary abdominal wall closure in a newborn with gastroschisis cannot be accomplished safely, placement of a reinforced Silastic silo facilitates delayed primary closure (DPC). In this report we describe our experience with the gastroschisis wringer clamp (GWC). The GWC is an autoclavable, 140-g, aluminum alloy device reminiscent of an old wringer washing machine. It consists of two apposing serrated rollers that pull the Silastic silo through a slotted base plate. This protects the intestine and converts the circular defect into a vertical slit to ease DPC. The GWC is adjusted daily on the awake newborn in the nursery and the magnitude of each adjustment is gauged by the infant's cardiac and pulmonary status. For the past 10 years we have cared for 116 newborns with gastroschisis. The average birth weight was 2,530 g (range, 1,380 to 3,300 g). Eighty-six infants (74.1%) have undergone primary closure. The remaining 30 infants (25.9%) were treated by placement of a Silastic silo and application of the GWC, forming the basis of this report. The DPC operation was performed an average of 6.7 days (range, 3 to 23 days) following the application of the silo. Extubation was usually possible prior to the DPC, with the mean length of mechanical ventilation being 3.8 days. Three patients developed serious complications including two dehiscences of the silo-fascia interface. There were no deaths in this group of 30 patients. The GWC offers many technical advantages and can be easily reversed when the infant's cardiopulmonary status deteriorates. We advocate its adoption as a method of choice in the newborn with gastroschisis who requires DPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sawin
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98105
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Abstract
Although complications of Meckel's diverticula are relatively common, there has not been a reported case, to our knowledge, of foreign bodies impacted within a Meckel's diverticulum. We report herein a case of a 2-year-old child who had two pennies trapped in a Meckel's diverticulum. This case demonstrates that foreign objects in the right lower quadrant that do not progress may be impacted in a Meckel's diverticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Velanovich
- General Surgery Service, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Wash
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Mi Y, Schaller R, Sathish S, Benoit W. Theoretical calculations of oxygen relaxation in YBa2Cu3O6+x ceramics. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 44:12575-12578. [PMID: 9999421 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Schaller R, Martl M, Hummel K. Comparative studies of photocrosslinking of a butadiene-styrene copolymer without and with a magnetic field. Eur Polym J 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-3057(87)90145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
In an 18-month period candidal splenic abscesses were diagnosed and treated in eight patients. Predisposing factors consisted of recent exposure to cytotoxic chemotherapy, long-term use of prednisone, neutropenia, antibiotic therapy for greater than three weeks, and gastrointestinal tract colonization with Candida. The patients had a clinical profile of nontoxic appearance with a temperature of more than 38.5 degrees C that was unresponsive to antibiotics, pain and tenderness over the upper abdominal quadrants, focal defects visualized on ultrasound and/or computed tomographic scans, and an elevated alkaline phosphatase level. Candida infection was confirmed by histologic examination of the liver and/or spleen in all patients. Diagnosis was made by percutaneous biopsy in one patient and exploratory laparotomy in seven. Five patients had splenectomy and antifungal drugs. In three patients the fungal abscesses resolved with amphotericin B therapy alone. Seven of eight patients were cured of their splenic abscesses, and five of eight were long-term survivors.
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Schöllner R, Schaller R. Untersuchungen zur Bestimmung von Kationenpositionen in Zeolithen vom Faujasittyp. Z PHYS CHEM 1985. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-1985-26663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Schöllner R, Schaller R. Untersuchungen zur Bestimmung von Kationenpositionen in Zeolithen vom Faujasittyp. Z PHYS CHEM 1985. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-1985-0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Schwarz R, Le Roux JM, Schaller R, Neurand K. Micromorphology of the skin (epidermis, dermis, subcutis) of the dog. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 1979; 46:105-9. [PMID: 551356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Grossly, the skin of the dog is characterized by varying thicknesses, density of the hair coat and the implantation angle of the hairs. Multiple folds varying in shape are formed by the epidermis and the papillary layer of the corium. The epidermis consists of a stratum profundum with a continuous layer of basal cells, a stratum spinosum consisting of 3-6 cell layers, a stratum superficiale with single granulosa and "lucidum" cells and a well-developed stratum corneum. The corium shows a narrow stratum papillare corli containing delicate fibres and a broad stratum reticulare corii with mainly coarse fibre bundles. The subcutis is divided into adipose and fibrous layers. The broad adipose layer displays breed and individual differences which vary with the region of the body. The fibrous layer corresponds to the connective tissue layer, formerly described as fascia trunci superficialis. The morphological and functional unity of the corium and subcutis is discussed.
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Schaller R, Schwarz R. [Light and electron microscopy studies on the medulla of bristle hair in the cat]. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr 1972; 19:588-90. [PMID: 4568480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Zilsel E, Kopperschmidt F, Kiebitz F, Eggert J, Jakob M, London F, Schaller R, Gutenberg B, Cassel H, Gyemant A, Vorwort AD, Bottliner KF. Besprechungen. Naturwissenschaften 1929. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01506587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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