1
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Raheja G, Nimo J, Appoh EKE, Essien B, Sunu M, Nyante J, Amegah M, Quansah R, Arku RE, Penn SL, Giordano MR, Zheng Z, Jack D, Chillrud S, Amegah K, Subramanian R, Pinder R, Appah-Sampong E, Tetteh EN, Borketey MA, Hughes AF, Westervelt DM. Low-Cost Sensor Performance Intercomparison, Correction Factor Development, and 2+ Years of Ambient PM 2.5 Monitoring in Accra, Ghana. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:10708-10720. [PMID: 37437161 PMCID: PMC10373484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter air pollution is a leading cause of global mortality, particularly in Asia and Africa. Addressing the high and wide-ranging air pollution levels requires ambient monitoring, but many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remain scarcely monitored. To address these data gaps, recent studies have utilized low-cost sensors. These sensors have varied performance, and little literature exists about sensor intercomparison in Africa. By colocating 2 QuantAQ Modulair-PM, 2 PurpleAir PA-II SD, and 16 Clarity Node-S Generation II monitors with a reference-grade Teledyne monitor in Accra, Ghana, we present the first intercomparisons of different brands of low-cost sensors in Africa, demonstrating that each type of low-cost sensor PM2.5 is strongly correlated with reference PM2.5, but biased high for ambient mixture of sources found in Accra. When compared to a reference monitor, the QuantAQ Modulair-PM has the lowest mean absolute error at 3.04 μg/m3, followed by PurpleAir PA-II (4.54 μg/m3) and Clarity Node-S (13.68 μg/m3). We also compare the usage of 4 statistical or machine learning models (Multiple Linear Regression, Random Forest, Gaussian Mixture Regression, and XGBoost) to correct low-cost sensors data, and find that XGBoost performs the best in testing (R2: 0.97, 0.94, 0.96; mean absolute error: 0.56, 0.80, and 0.68 μg/m3 for PurpleAir PA-II, Clarity Node-S, and Modulair-PM, respectively), but tree-based models do not perform well when correcting data outside the range of the colocation training. Therefore, we used Gaussian Mixture Regression to correct data from the network of 17 Clarity Node-S monitors deployed around Accra, Ghana, from 2018 to 2021. We find that the network daily average PM2.5 concentration in Accra is 23.4 μg/m3, which is 1.6 times the World Health Organization Daily PM2.5 guideline of 15 μg/m3. While this level is lower than those seen in some larger African cities (such as Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo), mitigation strategies should be developed soon to prevent further impairment to air quality as Accra, and Ghana as a whole, rapidly grow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Raheja
- Department
of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia
University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Lamont-Doherty
Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964, United States
| | - James Nimo
- Department
of Physics, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana, Ghana
- African
Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | | | - Maxwell Sunu
- Ghana
Environmental Protection Agency, Accra, Ghana
| | - John Nyante
- Ghana
Environmental Protection Agency, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | - Raphael E. Arku
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health
Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Stefani L. Penn
- Industrial
Economics, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Michael R. Giordano
- Univ
Paris Est Creteil, CNRS UMS 3563, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussés,
Université de Paris, OSU-EFLUVE—Observatoire Sciences
de L’Univers-Envelopes Fluides de La Ville à L’Exobiologie, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Zhonghua Zheng
- Department
of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The
University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Darby Jack
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman
School of Public
Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Steven Chillrud
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman
School of Public
Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | | | - R. Subramanian
- Univ
Paris Est Creteil, CNRS UMS 3563, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussés,
Université de Paris, OSU-EFLUVE—Observatoire Sciences
de L’Univers-Envelopes Fluides de La Ville à L’Exobiologie, F-94010 Créteil, France
- Kigali Collaborative
Research Centre, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Robert Pinder
- Environmental Protection Agency, Raleigh, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel M. Westervelt
- Lamont-Doherty
Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964, United States
- NASA Goddard Institute for Space Science, New York, New York 10025, United States
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2
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Shejawale DD, Murugesh CS, Rastogi NK, Subramanian R. Effect of feed particle size and solvent flow rate on soybean oil extraction in a percolation type extractor. J Food Sci Technol 2022; 59:4723-4730. [PMID: 36276520 PMCID: PMC9579261 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05554-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The influence of particle size and solvent flow rate on the kinetics of oil extraction from soybean (eight fractions from 0.433 to 0.122 mm) was studied using hexane, simulating commercial percolation type extractor. The reduction in particle size from 0.433 mm to 0.141 mm showed an increase in the oil yield. However, further reduction to 0.129 mm and 0.122 mm affected the yield due to bed compaction, reducing porosity and contact area. The yield (21.5%) of the ground mass was similar to the major mass fractions (0.239-0.353 mm). The rate of extraction increased drastically with the solvent flow rate. The highest flow rate (9.67 mL/min) exhibited the highest mass transfer coefficient (km) 1.62 × 10-3 s-1 and the diffusion coefficient (De) 1.77 × 10-12 m2/s. At 7.33 mL/min, the yield and the rate of extraction were optimal and no potential benefits were obtained at higher flow rates. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-022-05554-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepali D. Shejawale
- Food Engineering Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru, 570020 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - C. S. Murugesh
- Food Engineering Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru, 570020 India
| | - N. K. Rastogi
- Food Engineering Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru, 570020 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - R. Subramanian
- Food Engineering Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru, 570020 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
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Ivey CE, Amegah AK, Hodoli CG, Kelly KE, Lawal AS, Pant P, Singh S, Subramanian R, Torres I, Westervelt DM, Yu H. To Share or Not To Share? Academic Incentives May Hamper Public Good. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:15186-15188. [PMID: 36223644 PMCID: PMC9671041 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cesunica E. Ivey
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Davis Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - A. Kofi Amegah
- Public
Health Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, New Administration Block, Cape Coast, Central RU8217, Ghana
| | - Collins Gameli Hodoli
- School
of Built Environment, University of Environment
and Sustainable Development, Private Mail Bag, Somanya, Eastern Region, Ghana
- Clean
Air One Atmosphere, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kerry E. Kelly
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, 50 South Central Campus Drive, 3290
MEB, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Abiola S. Lawal
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Davis Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- School
of
Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Pallavi Pant
- Health Effects
Institute, 75 Federal
Street, Suite 1400, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, United States
- Women
in Air Quality in South Asia, New
Delhi 110088, India
| | - Saumya Singh
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Davis Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Women
in Air Quality in South Asia, New
Delhi 110088, India
| | - R. Subramanian
- Qatar
Environment and Energy Research Institute, Environment & Sustainability Center, Doha, Qatar
- Kigali
Collaborative Research Center, Carnegie Mellon Africa Campus, Kigali Innovation Center, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Ivette Torres
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Davis Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- People’s
Collective for Environmental Justice, 224400 Barton Road, #21-296, Grand Terrace, California 92313, United States
| | - Daniel M. Westervelt
- Lamont
Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, New York 10964, United States
- NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, New York 10025, United States
| | - Haofei Yu
- Department
of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, 12760 Pegasus Drive, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
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Lakshmana Kumar R, Subramanian R, Karthik S. A novel approach to improve network validity using various soft computing techniques. IFS 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-212450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET) in modern research have many optimal energy conservation mechanisms that can be deployed easily and in a faster manner. The routing approaches associated with energy consumption play a dominant role in routing the data packets between the mobile sensor nodes within the range of optimization. However, major challenges associated with energy consumption in MANETs include reduced lifetime of sensor nodes, poor coverage, and throughput. Most methods tend to reduce the interference of data while traversing between the sensor nodes and increase the capacity of the network. This results in delays while transmitting the packets across the network, and this may result in failure of packets being transmitted. To resolve this issue, in this paper, we propose an ant colony optimization combined with a flower pollination algorithm for minimal energy consumption and throughput maximisation in MANETs. This hybrid meta-heuristic model resolves the issues, including delays, poor coverage, and reduced network lifetime. This hybrid model uses the estimation of neighbourhood distance among the nodes for optimal placement of nodes for effective location. The estimation of location is found using a flower pollination algorithm with a levy flight mechanism. The estimation is carried out in a hyper sphere model that helps in finding the coverage area of the sensor nodes. Depending upon the estimation of neighbourhood distance among the sensor nodes, the consumption of energy among the sensor nodes in MANETs is reduced. The simulation was conducted between the proposed hybrid approach and conventional soft computing heuristics, where the results show that the proposed model achieves a higher rate of energy conservation and reduces delay than other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Lakshmana Kumar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Subramanian
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Karthik
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sreejith S, Subramanian R, Karthik S. Using patching asymmetric regions to assess ischemic stroke lesion in neuro imaging. IFS 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-212457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a universal ailment that endangers the life of patients and makes them bedridden until death. Over a decade, doctors and radiologists have been dissecting patient status straightforwardly from the printouts of the slice images delivered by different diagnostic imaging modalities. Computed Tomography (CT) is a frequently used imaging strategy for therapeutic analysis and neuroanatomical investigations. The main objective of the paper is to develop a simple technique with less architectural complication and power consumption. The proposed work is to section the ischemic stroke lesion more efficiently from multi-succession CT images using patching the asymmetric region. The Hough transform segment and extracts the features from the asymmetric region of the CT image and finally, the random forest is implemented to classify the unusual tissues from the CT image dependent on their pathological properties. RF classifier has been trained for different parts of the cerebrum for fragmenting the stroke lesion. The acquired outcomes produce better segmentation accuracy when compared with different strategies. The overall efficiency of the proposed method determines the Ischemic stroke with an accuracy of 95% with an RF classifier. Hence this method can be used in the segmentation process of stroke lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Sreejith
- Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - R. Subramanian
- Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S. Karthik
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
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Gouthamchand V, K G, Subramanian R, Choudhury A, Wee L, Dekker A, Sinha S, Ghosh Laskar S, Reddy L. PO-1062 Privacy-preserving dashboard for clinical data using open-source federated learning infrastructure. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03026-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Karthika A, Subramanian R, Karthik S. Using a recurrent neural network with S2 characteristics, efficient identification of localised cortical dysplasia. IFS 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-212463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is an inborn anomaly in brain growth and morphological deformation in lesions of the brain which induces focal seizures. Neurosurgical therapies were performed for the detection of FCD. Furthermore, it can be overcome through the presurgical evaluation of epilepsy. The surgical result is attained basically through the output of the presurgical output. In preprocessing the process of increasing true positives with the decrease in false negatives occurs which results in an effective outcome. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) outputs are efficient to predict the FCD lesions through T1- MPRAGE and T2- FLAIR efficient output can be obtained. In our proposed work we extract the S2 features through the testing of T1, T2 images. Using RNN-LSTM (Recurrent neural network-Long short-term memory) test images were trained and the FCD lesions were segmented. The output of our work is compared with the proposed work yields better results compared to the existing system such as artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), and convolution neural network (CNN). This approach obtained an accuracy rate of 0.195% (ANN), 0.20% (SVM), 0.14% (CNN), specificity rate of 0.23% (ANN), 0.15% (SVM), 0.13% (CNN) and sensitivity rate of 0.22% (ANN), 0.14% (SVM), 0.08% (CNN) respectively in comparison with RNN-LSTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Karthika
- Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu
| | - R. Subramanian
- Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu
| | - S. Karthik
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu
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Shobha V, Kodishala C, Chandrashekara S, Kumar S, Haridas V, R Rao V, Jois R, Daware M, Singh Y, Singhai S, Dharmanand BG, Chebbi P, Subramanian R, Kamath A, Karjiigi U, K Jain V, Dharmapalaiah C, Prasad S, Srinivasa C, Janardana R, Pinto B, Nazir B, Harshini AS, Mahendranath KM. Clinical profiling of psoriatic arthritis: an observational cross-sectional study from Karnataka Psoriatic Arthritis Cohort. Indian J Rheumatol 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/injr.injr_213_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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9
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Manoharan C, Rammohan R, Subramanian R, Umashanker V. Synthesis of α-Bismuth oxide nanoparticles, spectral characterization and their photocatalytic activity. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2021.1986526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Manoharan
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu, India
| | - R. Rammohan
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu, India
- Department of Physics, Sun Arts and Science College, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Subramanian
- Department of Chemistry, Sun Arts and Science College, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V. Umashanker
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu, India
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Zanotti S, Picariello T, Hsia N, Weeden T, Russo R, Schlaefke L, Yao M, Wen A, Hildebrand S, Najim J, Qui Q, Quinn M, Qatanani M, Subramanian R, Beskrovnaya O. MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Li J, Hauryliuk A, Malings C, Eilenberg SR, Subramanian R, Presto AA. Characterizing the Aging of Alphasense NO 2 Sensors in Long-Term Field Deployments. ACS Sens 2021; 6:2952-2959. [PMID: 34387087 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Low-cost NO2 sensors have been widely deployed for atmospheric sampling. While their initial performance has been characterized, few studies have examined their long-term degradation. This study focused on the performance of Alphasense low-cost NO2 sensors (NO2-B42F and NO2-B43F) over 4 years (2016-2020). A total of 29 NO2 sensors from 10 batches were collocated 78 times at two sites with reference instruments. Raw signals from "functional" NO2 sensors correlated linearly with reference NO2 concentrations. After long-term deployment, sensor raw signals started to deviate from reference NO2 concentrations due to sensor aging, an accumulated effect after sensor unpacking. Several sensors eventually became "non-functional" as sensor raw signals showed no correlation with reference NO2 concentrations. Sensor aging and non-functionality may be primarily caused by expiration of the ozone (O3) scrubber built into these sensors so that sensors responded to both ambient NO2 and O3. The influence of O3 on sensor response is quantified through the permutation importance method. Most of the sensors are non-functional after approximately 200-400 days of deployment, and no sensor was functional after 400 days of deployment. This result agrees well with the estimated lifetime of the built-in ozone scrubbers considering the ambient ozone concentration in the Pittsburgh area where these sensors were deployed. To ensure reliable data quality in long-term field deployments, we recommend collocating NO2 sensors with reference instruments regularly after 200-400 days of deployment to identify and replace non-functional sensors in a timely manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies (CAPS), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Air and Aerosol Sensing Group (AASG), University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Aliaksei Hauryliuk
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies (CAPS), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Carl Malings
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies (CAPS), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- OSU-EFLUVE - Observatoire Sciences de l’Univers-Enveloppes Fluides de la, Ville à l’Exobiologie, Université Paris-Est-Créteil, CNRS UMS 3563, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussés, Université de Paris, 75009 Paris, France
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques, UMR 7583, CNRS, Université Paris-Est-Créteil, Université de Paris, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, 94010 Créteil, France
- NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, United States
| | - S. Rose Eilenberg
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies (CAPS), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - R. Subramanian
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies (CAPS), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- OSU-EFLUVE - Observatoire Sciences de l’Univers-Enveloppes Fluides de la, Ville à l’Exobiologie, Université Paris-Est-Créteil, CNRS UMS 3563, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussés, Université de Paris, 75009 Paris, France
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques, UMR 7583, CNRS, Université Paris-Est-Créteil, Université de Paris, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Albert A. Presto
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies (CAPS), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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Fisher R, Nambiar A, Subramanian R. 843 Improving Practical Skills Training with In-Situ Trauma Simulation. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Safe and effective management of trauma patients requires numerous practical skills. Our in-situ trauma simulation identified key areas requiring increased training and exposure. This enabled improvement to education, patient safety and efficiency when managing these emergencies.
Method
We carried out a simulated trauma call according to ATLS principles, recording the time and person completing each task. Key areas for improvement were identified; most notably the application of Femoral Traction Splints (FTS). 0/7 doctors present were not able to do this. Subsequently, a formal training day was delivered, with 38 attendees across specialties, assessing confidence before and after the session.
Results
Prior to the training session, 52.6% of attendees did not have formal teaching using FTS and 65.8% had never used one. Confidence with FTS application was measured on a scale of 1 (not confident) to 5 (very confident), with an average score of 2.6/5.
After training, the average confidence score was 4.7/5 (p < 0.01). 100% of participants found the session very useful.
Conclusions
In-situ simulation allows identification of key areas for improvement in training of practical skills. Essential tailored teaching can then be delivered to increase exposure and confidence for these necessary practical skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fisher
- Basildon University Hospital, Basildon, United Kingdom
| | - A Nambiar
- Basildon University Hospital, Basildon, United Kingdom
| | - R Subramanian
- Basildon University Hospital, Basildon, United Kingdom
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Mary APA, Ansari AT, Subramanian R. Caffeine-mediated synthesis of CuO nanoparticles: characterization, morphology changes, and bactericidal activity. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2020.1769667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Angeline Mary
- Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart College, Tirupattur, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A. Thaminum Ansari
- PG & Research Department of Chemistry, Muthurangam Government Arts College (Autonomous), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Subramanian
- Department of Chemistry, Sun Arts and Science College, Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Yathish GC, Singh Y, Prasad S, Srinivasulu N, Kumar S, Subramanian R, Chebbi P, Jain V, Jain N, Kumar S. Psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on patients with rheumatological disorders: A web-based cross-sectional multicentric survey. Indian J Rheumatol 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/injr.injr_175_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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15
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Kalpanadevi C, Muthukumar S, Govindaraju K, Subramanian R. Rice bran protein: An alternative plant-based protein to ameliorate protein malnourishment. J Cereal Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2020.103154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Kalaivanan C, Sankarganesh M, Suvaikin MY, Karthi GB, Gurusamy S, Subramanian R, Asha RN. Novel Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes of nicotinamide based Mannich base: Synthesis, characterization, DFT calculation, DNA binding, molecular docking, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Rose Eilenberg S, Subramanian R, Malings C, Hauryliuk A, Presto AA, Robinson AL. Using a network of lower-cost monitors to identify the influence of modifiable factors driving spatial patterns in fine particulate matter concentrations in an urban environment. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2020; 30:949-961. [PMID: 32764710 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-020-0255-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is substantial interest in using networks of lower-cost air quality sensors to characterize urban population exposure to fine particulate matter mass (PM2.5). However, sensor uncertainty is a concern with these monitors. OBJECTIVES (1) Quantify the uncertainty of lower-cost PM2.5 sensors; (2) Use the high spatiotemporal resolution of a lower-cost sensor network to quantify the contribution of different modifiable and non-modifiable factors to urban PM2.5. METHODS A network of 64 lower-cost monitors was deployed across Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Measurement and sampling uncertainties were quantified by comparison to local reference monitors. Data were sorted by land-use characteristics, time of day, and wind direction. RESULTS Careful calibration, temporal averaging, and reference site corrections reduced sensor uncertainty to 1 μg/m3, ~10% of typical long-term average PM2.5 concentrations in Pittsburgh. Episodic and long-term enhancements to urban PM2.5 due to a nearby large metallurgical coke manufacturing facility were 1.6 ± 0.36 μg/m3 and 0.3 ± 0.2 μg/m3, respectively. Daytime land-use regression models identified restaurants as an important local contributor to urban PM2.5. PM2.5 above EPA and WHO daily health standards was observed at several sites across the city. SIGNIFICANCE With proper management, a large network of lower-cost sensors can identify statistically significant trends and factors in urban exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rose Eilenberg
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R Subramanian
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- OSU- Efluve, CNRS, Université Paris-Est Creteil, Créteil, France
| | - Carl Malings
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- OSU- Efluve, CNRS, Université Paris-Est Creteil, Créteil, France
- NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - Aliaksei Hauryliuk
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Albert A Presto
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Allen L Robinson
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Chinnadurai
- aDepartment of Chemistry, Sacred Heart Arts & Science College, Perani, Villupuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Subramanian
- Department of Chemistry, Sun Arts and Science College, Keeranoor, Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P. Selvi
- Department of Chemistry, Er. Perumal Manimekalai College of Engineering, Hosur, Krishnagiri District Tamil Nadu, India
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Shinde A, Subramanian R, Palacharla R, Pandey S, Benade V, Jayarajan P, Bojja K, Nirogi R. 0155 SUVN-G3031, A Potent and Selective Histamine H3 Receptor Inverse Agonist - Differentiating Features Over Current Treatments of Narcolepsy. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Majority of pharmacological agents used in the treatment of narcolepsy have several limitations. Both nonclinical and clinical evidences suggest usefulness of the histamine H3 receptor (H3R) inverse agonists for the treatment of narcolepsy and addressing several of the current limitations.
Methods
Extensive nonclinical studies were carried out for SUVN-G3031 and other pharmacological agents that are currently being used for the treatment of narcolepsy. Nonclinical parameters like inter-species binding affinity, selectivity profile, in vivo and in vitro ADME features, nonclinical efficacy, neurochemistry and safety were compared.
Results
SUVN-G3031 has no inter-species variation in binding affinity at H3R with less than 50% inhibition at 1 µM against 70 other targets. Unlike pitolisant, SUVN-G3031 has no significant binding affinity at sigma 1 and 2 receptor. SUVN-G3031 has no inhibition and induction liability towards major CYP enzymes and transporters. Pitolisant is reported to be a CYP3A4, CYP2B6, and CYP1A2 inducer and a CYP2D6 and OCT1 inhibitor. SUVN-G3031 has robust wake promoting effects. SUVN-G3031 showed negligible affinity towards hERG channel with IC50 > 10 µM and had no effects on any ECG parameters in dog telemetry study. SUVN-G3031 did not show convulsion in rats up to the tested dose of 100 mg/kg, p.o. Most of the pharmacological agents used for the treatment of narcolepsy have abuse liability; SUVN-G3031 produced no change in the striatal and accumbal dopamine levels in rats suggesting no propensity to induce abuse liability. Unlike competing H3R inverse agonists, SUVN-G3031 has no effects on fertility and embryo-fetal development up to the highest tested doses.
Conclusion
Nonclinical studies demonstrate superiority of SUVN-G3031 over pharmacological agents currently used in the treatment of narcolepsy. SUVN-G3031 is being evaluated in a Phase 2 study as monotherapy for the treatment of narcolepsy with and without cataplexy (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04072380).
Support
None
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shinde
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | | | | | - S Pandey
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | - V Benade
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | | | - K Bojja
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | - R Nirogi
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
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Jayarajan P, Subramanian R, Kamuju V, Muddana N, Palacharla R, Mekala V, Abraham R, Reballi V, Achanta P, Nirogi R. 0072 Preclinical Characterization of SUVN-G3031, a Histamine H3 Receptor Inverse Agonist for the Treatment of Narcolepsy. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by overwhelming daytime drowsiness, sudden attacks of sleep and sometimes accompanied by cataplexy. Although the orexin deficiency is considered to be the primary cause of this disorder, lot of attention has been focused recently on targeting histaminergic neurotransmission by blockade of histamine H3 receptor (H3R). SUVN-G3031 is one of the potent and selective H3R inverse agonist currently being evaluated in a Phase 2 study as monotherapy for the treatment of narcolepsy with and without cataplexy (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04072380).
Methods
Binding of SUVN-G3031 in human and rat histamine H3R was evaluated in in vitro radioligand binding assay and functionality was assessed in GTPγS assay. Pharmacokinetic properties were evaluated after oral administration in rat and dog. Neurotransmitters like histamine, dopamine and norepinephrine were estimated in rat cortex using microdialysis.
Results
SUVN-G3031 is an inverse agonist at histamine H3R with hKi of 8.7 nM and showed minimal binding against over 70 target sites. SUVN-G3031 exhibited desired pharmacokinetic properties in rat and dog with excellent brain penetration in rats. SUVN-G3031 produced significant increase in histamine, dopamine and norepinephrine levels in cortex. SUVN-G3031 produced no change in the striatal and accumbal dopamine levels in rats, suggesting no propensity to induce abuse liability. SUVN-G3031 blocked R-α-methylhistamine induced water intake and produced dose dependent increase in tele-methylhistamine levels in various brain regions and in cerebrospinal fluid of male Wistar rats.
Conclusion
SUVN-G3031 is an inverse agonist at histamine H3 receptor and results from the preclinical studies presented here provide a strong evidence for the potential utility of SUVN-G3031 in the treatment of narcolepsy with and without cataplexy.
Support
None
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - V Kamuju
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | - N Muddana
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | | | - V Mekala
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | - R Abraham
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | - V Reballi
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | - P Achanta
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | - R Nirogi
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
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21
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Benade V, Daripelli S, Petlu S, Subramanian R, Bhyrapuneni G, Shinde A, Rasheed M, Jayarajan P, Choudakari P, Nirogi R. 0008 SUVN-G3031, A Histamine H3 Receptor Inverse Agonist Produces Robust Wake Promoting and Anticataplectic Activity in Orexin Knockout Mice. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep paralysis, hallucinations, and in some cases episodes of cataplexy. Results from animal studies indicate the involvement of deficient orexin transmission in narcolepsy which can be circumvented by the activation of histaminergic neurons. SUVN-G3031 is a potent and selective histamine H3 receptor inverse agonist with hKi of 8.7 nM and shows less than 50% inhibition at 1 µM against 70 other targets. SUVN-G3031 exhibited excellent pharmacokinetic properties and brain penetration in preclinical species. Oral administration of SUVN-G3031 produces significant increase in histamine, dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the rat cortex. Long-term safety studies in animals have been successfully completed without any concern for further development of SUVN-G3031. In the present study, the effects of SUVN-G3031 were evaluated in orexin knockout mice, a reliable animal model of narcolepsy as a proof-of-concept study for the treatment of narcolepsy with and without cataplexy.
Methods
Male orexin knockout mice (10 - 15 weeks old, 25 - 35 g at the time of surgery) were implanted with telemetric device for simultaneous monitoring of electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography. Animals were allowed surgical recovery of 3 weeks prior to EEG recording. Effects of SUVN-G3031 (3 and 10 mg/kg, p.o.) were evaluated during active period of animals.
Results
SUVN-G3031 produced significant increase in wakefulness with concomitant decrease in non-rapid eye movement sleep in orexin knockout mice. SUVN-G3031 also significantly decreased the number of cataplectic episodes in orexin knockout mice.
Conclusion
Results from the current preclinical study provide a strong basis for the utility of SUVN-G3031 for the treatment of narcolepsy with and without cataplexy. SUVN-G3031 is currently being evaluated in a Phase 2 study as monotherapy for the treatment of narcolepsy with and without cataplexy (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04072380).
Support
None
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Affiliation(s)
- V Benade
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | | | - S Petlu
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | | | | | - A Shinde
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | - M Rasheed
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
| | | | | | - R Nirogi
- Suven Life Sciences, Hyderabad, INDIA
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22
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Subramanian R, Enayati A, Koshy A, Murphy A, Hamilton G, Kunniardy P, Yudi M. 533 Predictors of Medical Management in an Era of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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23
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Murphy A, Lancefield T, Faroudi F, Chao M, Koshy A, Subramanian R, Undrill S, Yeo B, Yudi M, Kearney L, Farouque O. 183 The Role of Serum Cardiac Biomarkers and Left Ventricular Strain Imaging for Detecting Early Radiation Induced Myocardial Damage in Women Undergoing Left-Sided Breast Radiation Therapy. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Murphy A, Subramanian R, Enayati A, Koshy A, Kunniardy P, Hamilton G, Farouque O, Yudi M. 776 A History of Cancer Does Not Predict Long Term Mortality in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Enayati A, Subramanian R, Hamilton G, Koshy A, Murphy A, Kunniardy P, Yudi M. 450 Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty Alone Compared to Medical Therapy is Associated With Improved Long-Term Survival in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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Daripelli S, Benade V, Tirumalasetty C, Subramanian R, Petlu S, Badange R, Nirogi R. SUVN-G3031, A histamine H3 receptor inverse agonist produces wake promoting and anti-cataplectic effects in hypocretin-2-saporin lesioned rats. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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27
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Nirogi R, Bhyrapuneni G, Abraham R, Subramanian R, Goyal V, Pandey S, Badange R, Shinde A. SUVN-G3031, a potent and selective histamine H3 receptor inverse agonist for the treatment of narcolepsy with or without cataplexy – Differentiating factors with competitor clinical candidates. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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28
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Qatanani M, Weeden T, Hsia N, Desjardins C, Spring S, Connolly B, Yao M, Stehman-Breen C, Subramanian R. P.27Targeted delivery of oligonucleotide therapeutics to muscle reduces toxic DMPK RNA. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Tanzer R, Malings C, Hauryliuk A, Subramanian R, Presto AA. Demonstration of a Low-Cost Multi-Pollutant Network to Quantify Intra-Urban Spatial Variations in Air Pollutant Source Impacts and to Evaluate Environmental Justice. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16142523. [PMID: 31311099 PMCID: PMC6678618 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16142523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Air quality monitoring has traditionally been conducted using sparsely distributed, expensive reference monitors. To understand variations in PM2.5 on a finely resolved spatiotemporal scale a dense network of over 40 low-cost monitors was deployed throughout and around Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. Monitor locations covered a wide range of site types with varying traffic and restaurant density, varying influences from local sources, and varying socioeconomic (environmental justice, EJ) characteristics. Variability between and within site groupings was observed. Concentrations were higher near the source-influenced sites than the Urban or Suburban Residential sites. Gaseous pollutants (NO2 and SO2) were used to differentiate between traffic (higher NO2 concentrations) and industrial (higher SO2 concentrations) sources of PM2.5. Statistical analysis proved these differences to be significant (coefficient of divergence > 0.2). The highest mean PM2.5 concentrations were measured downwind (east) of the two industrial facilities while background level PM2.5 concentrations were measured at similar distances upwind (west) of the point sources. Socioeconomic factors, including the fraction of non-white population and fraction of population living under the poverty line, were not correlated with increases in PM2.5 or NO2 concentration. The analysis conducted here highlights differences in PM2.5 concentration within site groupings that have similar land use thus demonstrating the utility of a dense sensor network. Our network captures temporospatial pollutant patterns that sparse regulatory networks cannot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Tanzer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Center for Atmospheric and Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Carl Malings
- Center for Atmospheric and Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- OSU-EFLUVE, CNRS, Université Paris-Est Créteil, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Aliaksei Hauryliuk
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Center for Atmospheric and Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - R Subramanian
- Center for Atmospheric and Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- OSU-EFLUVE, CNRS, Université Paris-Est Créteil, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Albert A Presto
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
- Center for Atmospheric and Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Alshamsi F, Alshammari K, Belly-Cote E, Dionne J, Albrahim T, AlBudoor B, Ismael M, Al-Judaibi B, Baw B, Subramanian R, Steadman R, Galusca D, Huang D, Nanchal R, Al Quraini M, Alhazzani W. EXTRACORPOREAL LIVER SUPPORT IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE OR ACUTE ON CHRONIC LIVER FAILURE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED TRIALS. Chest 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.02.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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31
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Balakrishnan K, Rao S, Vijayashekaran S, Subramanian G, Subramanian R, Tungatru M. Over Sized Adult Hearts Can Be Used for Paediatric Transplant Recepients with Good Medium Term Outcomes. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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32
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Williams R, Duvall R, Kilaru V, Hagler G, Hassinger L, Benedict K, Rice J, Kaufman A, Judge R, Pierce G, Allen G, Bergin M, Cohen R, Fransioli P, Gerboles M, Habre R, Hannigan M, Jack D, Louie P, Martin N, Penza M, Polidori A, Subramanian R, Ray K, Schauer J, Seto E, Thurston G, Turner J, Wexler A, Ning Z. Deliberating performance targets workshop: Potential paths for emerging PM 2.5 and O 3 air sensor progress. Atmos Environ X 2019; 2:100031. [PMID: 34322666 PMCID: PMC8314253 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2019.100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The United States Environmental Protection Agency held an international two-day workshop in June 2018 to deliberate possible performance targets for non-regulatory fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) air sensors. The need for a workshop arose from the lack of any market-wide manufacturer requirement for Ozone documented sensor performance evaluations, the lack of any independent third party or government-based sensor performance certification program, and uncertainty among all users as to the general usability of air sensor data. A multi-sector subject matter expert panel was assembled to facilitate an open discussion on these issues with multiple stakeholders. This summary provides an overview of the workshop purpose, key findings from the deliberations, and considerations for future actions specific to sensors. Important findings concerning PM2.5 and O3 sensors included the lack of consistent performance indicators and statistical metrics as well as highly variable data quality requirements depending on the intended use. While the workshop did not attempt to yield consensus on any topic, a key message was that a number of possible future actions would be beneficial to all stakeholders regarding sensor technologies. These included documentation of best practices, sharing quality assurance results along with sensor data, and the development of a common performance target lexicon, performance targets, and test protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Williams
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research
and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - R. Duvall
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research
and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Corresponding author. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, MD E343-02, Research Triangle Park,
NC 27711, USA. (R. Duvall)
| | - V. Kilaru
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research
and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - G. Hagler
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research
and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - L. Hassinger
- Former Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
(ORISE) staff assigned to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - K. Benedict
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - J. Rice
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - A. Kaufman
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - R. Judge
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 1, North
Chelmsford, MA, USA
| | - G. Pierce
- Colorado Department of Public Health and the Environment,
Denver, CO, USA
| | - G. Allen
- Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management,
Boston, MA, USA
| | - M. Bergin
- Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC,
USA
| | - R.C. Cohen
- College of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley,
Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - P. Fransioli
- Clark County Department of Air Quality (Nevada), Las Vegas,
NV, USA
| | - M. Gerboles
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra,
Italy
| | - R. Habre
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern
California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M. Hannigan
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of
Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - D. Jack
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New
York, NY, USA
| | - P. Louie
- Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong,
China
| | - N.A. Martin
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex,
United Kingdom
| | - M. Penza
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and
Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Brindisi Research Center, Brindisi,
Italy
- European Network on New Sensing Technologies for
Air-Pollution Control and Environmental Sustainability (EuNetAir), Brindisi,
Italy
| | - A. Polidori
- South Coast Air Quality Management District, Diamond Bar,
CA, USA
| | - R. Subramanian
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - K. Ray
- Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, Nespelem,
WAashington, USA
| | - J. Schauer
- College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison,
Madison, WI, USA
| | - E. Seto
- School of Public Health, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA, USA
| | - G. Thurston
- School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY,
USA
| | - J. Turner
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Washington
University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - A.S. Wexler
- Air Quality Research Center, University of
California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Z. Ning
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong,
China
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Krishnan KB, Rao KS, Tanguturu M, Rajam M, Aravind A, Dushyanthan J, Subramanian R, Ramanan V. Commercial Airlines as a Viable, Safe and Cost Effective Way for Transporting the Donor Hearts across the Country: Single Center Experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Saha PK, Zimmerman N, Malings C, Hauryliuk A, Li Z, Snell L, Subramanian R, Lipsky E, Apte JS, Robinson AL, Presto AA. Quantifying high-resolution spatial variations and local source impacts of urban ultrafine particle concentrations. Sci Total Environ 2019; 655:473-481. [PMID: 30476828 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To quantify the fine-scale spatial variations and local source impacts of urban ultrafine particle (UFP) concentrations, we conducted 3-6 weeks of continuous measurements of particle number (a proxy for UFP) and other air pollutant (CO, NO2, and PM2.5) concentrations at 32 sites in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania during the winters of 2017 and 2018. Sites were selected to span a range of urban land use attributes, including urban background, near local and arterial roads, traffic intersections, urban street canyon, near-highway, near large industrial source, and restaurant density. The spatial variations in urban particle number concentrations varied by about a factor of three. Particle number concentrations are 2-3 times more spatially heterogeneous than PM2.5 mass. The observed order of spatial heterogeneity is UFP > NO2 > CO > PM2.5. On average, particle number concentrations near local roads with a cluster of restaurants and near arterial roads are roughly two times higher than the urban background. Particle number concentrations in the urban street canyon, downwind of a major highway, and near large industrial sources are 2-4 times higher than background concentrations. While traffic is known as an important contributor to particle number concentrations, restaurants and industrial emissions also contribute significantly to spatial variations in Pittsburgh. Particle size distribution measurements using a mobile laboratory show that the local spatial variations in particle number concentrations are dictated by concentrations of particles smaller than 50 nm. A large fraction of urban residents (e.g., ~50%) in Pittsburgh live near local sources and are therefore exposed to 50%-300% higher particle number concentrations than urban background location. These locally emitted particles may have greater health effects than background particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Provat K Saha
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Naomi Zimmerman
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Carl Malings
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Aliaksei Hauryliuk
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Zhongju Li
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Luke Snell
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - R Subramanian
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Eric Lipsky
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Penn State Greater Allegheny, McKeesport, PA 15132, United States
| | - Joshua S Apte
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Allen L Robinson
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Albert A Presto
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
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Murugesh C, Rastogi NK, Subramanian R. Athermal extraction of green tea: Optimisation and kinetics of extraction of polyphenolic compounds. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Saliba G, Subramanian R, Bilsback K, L'Orange C, Volckens J, Johnson M, Robinson AL. Aerosol Optical Properties and Climate Implications of Emissions from Traditional and Improved Cookstoves. Environ Sci Technol 2018; 52:13647-13656. [PMID: 30373367 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cookstove emissions are a major global source of black carbon but their impact on climate is uncertain because of limited understanding of their optical properties. We measured optical properties of fresh aerosol emissions from 32 different stove/fuel combinations, ranging from simple open fires to high-performing forced-draft stoves. Stoves were tested in the laboratory using the firepower sweep protocol, which measures emissions across the entire range of functional firepower. There is large variability in measured optical properties across the entire range of firepower. This variability is strongly correlated with black carbon-to-particulate matter mass ratio (BC/PM). In comparison, stove type, fuel, and operational metrics were poor predictors of optical properties. We developed parametrizations of the mass absorption cross-section, the absorption angstrom exponent, and the single scattering albedo of fresh emissions as a function of BC/PM. These parametrizations, derived from laboratory data, also reproduce previously reported field measurements of optical properties of real-world cooking emissions. We combined our new parametrizations of intensive optical properties with published emissions data to estimate the direct radiative effect of emissions for different stove technologies. Our data suggest that so-called "improved" stove reduce CO2 equivalent emission (i.e., climate benefits) by 20-30% compared to traditional stoves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Saliba
- Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - R Subramanian
- Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Kelsey Bilsback
- Colorado State University , 430 North College Avenue , Fort Collins , Colorado 80524 , United States
| | - Christian L'Orange
- Colorado State University , 430 North College Avenue , Fort Collins , Colorado 80524 , United States
| | - John Volckens
- Colorado State University , 430 North College Avenue , Fort Collins , Colorado 80524 , United States
| | - Michael Johnson
- Berkeley Air Monitoring Group , 1900 Addison Street , Berkeley , California 94704 , United States
| | - Allen L Robinson
- Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
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Omara M, Zimmerman N, Sullivan MR, Li X, Ellis A, Cesa R, Subramanian R, Presto AA, Robinson AL. Methane Emissions from Natural Gas Production Sites in the United States: Data Synthesis and National Estimate. Environ Sci Technol 2018; 52:12915-12925. [PMID: 30256618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b03535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We used site-level methane (CH4) emissions data from over 1000 natural gas (NG) production sites in eight basins, including 92 new site-level CH4 measurements in the Uinta, northeastern Marcellus, and Denver-Julesburg basins, to investigate CH4 emissions characteristics and develop a new national CH4 emission estimate for the NG production sector. The distribution of site-level emissions is highly skewed, with the top 5% of sites accounting for 50% of cumulative emissions. High emitting sites are predominantly also high producing (>10 Mcfd). However, low NG production sites emit a larger fraction of their CH4 production. When combined with activity data, we predict that this creates substantial variability in the basin-level CH4 emissions which, as a fraction of basin-level CH4 production, range from 0.90% for the Appalachian and Greater Green River to >4.5% in the San Juan and San Joaquin. This suggests that much of the basin-level differences in production-normalized CH4 emissions reported by aircraft studies can be explained by differences in site size and distribution of site-level production rates. We estimate that NG production sites emit total CH4 emissions of 830 Mg/h (95% CI: 530-1200), 63% of which come from the sites producing <100 Mcfd that account for only 10% of total NG production. Our total CH4 emissions estimate is 2.3 times higher than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's estimate and likely attributable to the disproportionate influence of high emitting sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Omara
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Naomi Zimmerman
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Melissa R Sullivan
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Xiang Li
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Aja Ellis
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Rebecca Cesa
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - R Subramanian
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Albert A Presto
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Allen L Robinson
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
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Bilsback KR, Eilenberg SR, Good N, Heck L, Johnson M, Kodros JK, Lipsky EM, L'Orange C, Pierce JR, Robinson AL, Subramanian R, Tryner J, Wilson A, Volckens J. The Firepower Sweep Test: A novel approach to cookstove laboratory testing. Indoor Air 2018; 28:936-949. [PMID: 30099773 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Emissions from solid-fuel cookstoves have been linked to indoor and outdoor air pollution, climate forcing, and human disease. Although task-based laboratory protocols, such as the Water Boiling Test (WBT), overestimate the ability of improved stoves to lower emissions, WBT emissions data are commonly used to benchmark cookstove performance, estimate indoor and outdoor air pollution concentrations, estimate impacts of stove intervention projects, and select stoves for large-scale control trials. Multiple-firepower testing has been proposed as an alternative to the WBT and is the basis for a new standardized protocol (ISO 19867-1:2018); however, data are needed to assess the value of this approach. In this work, we (a) developed a Firepower Sweep Test [FST], (b) compared emissions from the FST, WBT, and in-home cooking, and (c) quantified the relationship between firepower and emissions using correlation analysis and linear model selection. Twenty-three stove-fuel combinations were evaluated. The FST reproduced the range of PM2.5 and CO emissions observed in the field, including high emissions events not typically observed under the WBT. Firepower was modestly correlated with emissions, although the relationship varied between stove-fuel combinations. Our results justify incorporating multiple-firepower testing into laboratory-based protocols but demonstrate that firepower alone cannot explain the observed variability in cookstove emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey R Bilsback
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Sarah R Eilenberg
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicholas Good
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Lauren Heck
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | | | - John K Kodros
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Eric M Lipsky
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Penn State Greater Allegheny, McKeesport, Pennsylvania
| | - Christian L'Orange
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Jeffrey R Pierce
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Allen L Robinson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - R Subramanian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jessica Tryner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Ander Wilson
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - John Volckens
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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Kalpanadevi C, Singh V, Subramanian R. Influence of milling on the nutritional composition of bran from different rice varieties. J Food Sci Technol 2018; 55:2259-2269. [PMID: 29892126 PMCID: PMC5976611 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3143-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The nutritional composition of bran from four rice varieties namely, Jyothi/IR64, Basmati and Agonibora representing high amylose, intermediate amylose and waxy, respectively were evaluated with friction and abrasive mills at different degrees of milling (DOM). Fat and protein content of the bran inversely correlated to amylose content of rice variety. The fat and fibre contents reduced with increased DOM due to increasing starch influx from the endosperm. Abrasive milling produced bran with higher protein content and total dietary fibre, resulting in superior quality bran, while friction milling led to higher fat. Agonibora bran was found to be superior in terms of nutritional quality. Industrial milling resulted in higher protein content in bran, and Jyothi variety had a better amino acid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Kalpanadevi
- Food Engineering Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka 570 020 India
| | - Vasudeva Singh
- Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka 570 010 India
| | - R. Subramanian
- Food Engineering Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka 570 020 India
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Khadar YAS, Balamurugan A, Devarajan V, Subramanian R. Hydrothermal Synthesis of Gadolinium (Gd) Doped Cerium Oxide (CeO2) Nanoparticles: Characterization and Antibacterial Activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.13005/ojc/330533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chandrashekara S, Shobha V, Dharmanand BG, Jois R, Kumar S, Mahendranath KM, Haridas V, Prasad S, Singh Y, Daware MA, Swamy A, Subramanian R, Somashekar SA, Shanthappa AM, Anupama KR. Comorbidities and related factors in rheumatoid arthritis patients of south India- Karnataka Rheumatoid Arthritis Comorbidity (KRAC) study. Reumatismo 2017; 69:47-58. [PMID: 28776358 DOI: 10.4081/reumatismo.2017.898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to study the prevalence of comorbidities in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in everyday clinical practice and their association with disease-specific and demographic factors. The multi-center study recruited 3,247 (at 14 centers, and 265) were excluded due to incomplete data. The number of subjects considered for the analysis was 2982. The mean (±standard deviation) age was 48.98±12.64 years and the male-to-female ratio was 1:5. The data was collected based on a pre-structured pro forma by trained clinical research associates through interview and verification of charts and reports available in the patient records. The following comorbidities were studied: cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, thyroid disease, psychiatric diseases like depression, and pulmonary disease. Hypertension (20.7%), diabetes mellitus (14.4%) and thyroid disease (18.3%) were the most prevalent comorbidities. Hypercholesterolemia (5.3%), pulmonary diseases (2.1%), cardiovascular diseases (0.2%) and depression (0.03%) were prevalent in ≤5% of the study population. The overall presence of comorbidity increased with age and reduced with the duration of illness prior (DOIP). The age, gender, and DOIP differed significantly between groups with and without hypercholesterolemia. Females had a statistically increased prevalence of thyroid disease. The prevalence of comorbidities in RA patients from south India is around 40% and the incidence of comorbidity increased with age. As per the literature evidence, the prevalence in the current study subjects was higher when compared to prevalence of similar diseases occurring in the general south Indian population.
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Heeg KP, Kaldun A, Strohm C, Reiser P, Ott C, Subramanian R, Lentrodt D, Haber J, Wille HC, Goerttler S, Rüffer R, Keitel CH, Röhlsberger R, Pfeifer T, Evers J. Spectral narrowing of x-ray pulses for precision spectroscopy with nuclear resonances. Science 2017; 357:375-378. [PMID: 28751603 DOI: 10.1126/science.aan3512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. P. Heeg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A. Kaldun
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C. Strohm
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - P. Reiser
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C. Ott
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R. Subramanian
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D. Lentrodt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J. Haber
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - H.-C. Wille
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S. Goerttler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R. Rüffer
- ESRF–European Synchrotron, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - C. H. Keitel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R. Röhlsberger
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - T. Pfeifer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J. Evers
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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Rajaram P, Parekh A, Fisher M, Kempker J, Subramanian R. Comparison of Post-Liver Transplantation Outcomes in Portopulmonary Hypertension and Pulmonary Venous Hypertension: A Single-Center Experience. Transplant Proc 2017; 49:338-343. [PMID: 28219595 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In potential liver transplant candidates, pulmonary vascular diseases, including portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH) and pulmonary venous hypertension (PVH), can be associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although there are clear guidelines regarding management and transplant listing criteria for patients with PoPH, the listing criteria for PVH are not well defined. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to describe and compare the perioperative and postoperative morbidity and mortality associated with PoPH and PVH in patients undergoing liver transplantation. METHODS We conducted a retrospective observational study of all patients referred for liver transplantation to our center between 2005 and 2015 who underwent a right heart catheterization (RHC) for screening for pulmonary hypertension as suggested by initial echocardiography. Based on the RHC data, the patients were grouped into no pulmonary hypertension (No PH), PoPH, and PVH categories. In patients who underwent liver transplantation, we recorded vital status intraoperatively and at 30 days and 1-year post-transplant, and we recorded the incidence of postoperative cardiopulmonary and renal complications. RESULTS Of the 134 patients who underwent RHC as part of the initial transplant evaluation, 50 patients were successfully transplanted. There was 1 intraoperative death in the PoPH group. No significant difference in mortality was noted between the No PH, PoPH, and PVH groups intraoperatively and 30 days after liver transplantation. At 1 year, the survival rates were 100%, 69.2%, and 94.1% in the No PH, PoPH, and PVH groups, respectively. With respect to cardiopulmonary and renal complications, no statistically significant difference was noted among the groups, though there was a trend toward increased post-transplant reversible pulmonary complications in the PVH group. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the post-transplant outcomes of patients with PoPH and PVH are similar. In light of the growing recognition of diastolic dysfunction and cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in decompensated cirrhotic patients at the time of transplant, the issue of pulmonary hypertension related to PVH will gain increasing importance as we assess these patients for transplantation. Therefore, future studies are needed to define evidence based guidelines to determine candidacy for liver transplantation in the context of PVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rajaram
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - A Parekh
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - M Fisher
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - J Kempker
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - R Subramanian
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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Williams G, Ap Llwyd Dafydd H, Subramanian R, McMurray H. The Influence of Chloride Ion Concentration on Passivity Breakdown in Magnesium. CORROSION 2017; 73:471-481. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.5006/2328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Williams
- Materials Research Centre, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Crymlyn Burrows, Swansea SA1 8EN, United Kingdom
| | - H. Ap Llwyd Dafydd
- Materials Research Centre, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Crymlyn Burrows, Swansea SA1 8EN, United Kingdom
| | - R. Subramanian
- Materials Research Centre, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Crymlyn Burrows, Swansea SA1 8EN, United Kingdom
| | - H.N. McMurray
- Materials Research Centre, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Crymlyn Burrows, Swansea SA1 8EN, United Kingdom
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Shatsky RA, Parker BA, Schwab R, Helsten T, Boles SG, Subramanian R, Piccioni D, Kurzrock R. Abstract P1-07-15: Detection of molecular alterations in breast cancer through next generation sequencing of both tumor tissue and circulating tumor DNA: The UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center experience. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p1-07-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of actionable molecular alterations has the potential to guide cancer treatment, especially for patients with advanced cancer who have progressed on standard treatment. In this study, we analyzed tumor biopsies and peripheral blood from 62 patients with advanced breast cancer by two different NGS clinical-grade assays for molecular alterations in tumor tissue or in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). We used these results to determine if these specimens have potentially “actionable” alterations that could guide cancer therapy.
Methods: From 2014 to 2016, 62 patients with advanced breast cancer had plasma sent for ctDNA analysis (Guardant360 assay; 54 to 70 genes) Thirty-eight of these patients (61%) also had tumor biopsies evaluated by NGS (FoundationOne®; 182 to 315 genes). Alterations were defined as mutations, insertions, deletions, truncations, or rearrangements or amplifications/copy number variations. Patients that harbored multiple alterations in the same gene were not counted as having separate alterations; however, if a gene amplification and an alteration were found in the same gene these were counted as separate events. Variants of unknown significance (VUS) and synonymous mutations were excluded from both assays. Data were collected and analyzed according to a UCSD Institutional Review Board approved protocol.
Results: The median age of our patients at the time of ctDNA analysis was 55 years (range, 44 to 84 years); the median age at the time of tissue biopsy for NGS was 52 years (range, 39 to 82 years). One patient was male. The most common receptor status was estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) non-amplified or negative (neg)(N=44; 71%), followed by triple negative breast cancer (ERnegPRnegHer2neg) (N=10, 16%), triple positive (N=6, 1%) and finally ERnegPRnegHER2positive (N=2, 0.03%). One patient of 38 (2%) had no tumor alteration detected and 19 of 62 had no ctDNA alterations (31%). In 38 breast cancer patients with tumor NGS results, alterations were detected in 79 unique genes, with the most frequent being TP53 (37% of patients), PIK3CA (24%) and GATA3 (24%) genes. In the 62 patients with ctDNA analysis, 31 unique genes had at least one alteration, with the most frequent being TP53 (36% of patients) and PIK3CA (23%) and EGFR amplification (11%) (GATA3 was not analyzed in the ctDNA assay). Both assays had a high rate of detection for potentially actionable mutations: 41 out of 62 patients (66%) by ctDNA and 34 out of 38 (89%) by tumor NGS. No two patients harbored identical genomic profiles by either tumor NGS or plasma ctDNA analysis except for 1 patient who had no alterations detected by either assay.
Conclusions: Plasma and tissue NGS analysis appear to be complementary assays that yield a high percentage of potentially actionable alterations in patients with advanced breast cancer. Studies of the clinical impact of NGS-guided therapy in breast cancer are warranted.
Citation Format: Shatsky RA, Parker BA, Schwab R, Helsten T, Boles SG, Subramanian R, Piccioni D, Kurzrock R. Detection of molecular alterations in breast cancer through next generation sequencing of both tumor tissue and circulating tumor DNA: The UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center experience [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-07-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- RA Shatsky
- University of California School of Medicine and Center for Personalized Medicine Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA
| | - BA Parker
- University of California School of Medicine and Center for Personalized Medicine Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA
| | - R Schwab
- University of California School of Medicine and Center for Personalized Medicine Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA
| | - T Helsten
- University of California School of Medicine and Center for Personalized Medicine Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA
| | - SG Boles
- University of California School of Medicine and Center for Personalized Medicine Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA
| | - R Subramanian
- University of California School of Medicine and Center for Personalized Medicine Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA
| | - D Piccioni
- University of California School of Medicine and Center for Personalized Medicine Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA
| | - R Kurzrock
- University of California School of Medicine and Center for Personalized Medicine Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA
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Murugesh CS, Manoj JB, Haware DJ, Ravi R, Subramanian R. Influence of water quality on nutritional and sensory characteristics of green tea infusion. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.12532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. S. Murugesh
- Food Engineering Department, CSIRCentral Food Technological Research Institute; Mysore 570020 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute; Mysore 570020 India
| | - J. B. Manoj
- Food Engineering Department, CSIRCentral Food Technological Research Institute; Mysore 570020 India
| | - D. J. Haware
- Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory; CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute; Mysore 570020 India
| | - R. Ravi
- Department of Traditional Food and Sensory Science; CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute; Mysore 570020 India
| | - R. Subramanian
- Food Engineering Department, CSIRCentral Food Technological Research Institute; Mysore 570020 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute; Mysore 570020 India
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47
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Chandrashekara S, Shobha V, Dharmanand BG, Jois R, Kumar S, Mahendranath KM, Haridas V, Prasad S, Singh Y, Daware MA, Swamy A, Subramanian R, Somashekar SA, Shanthappa AM, Anupama KR. Reduced incidence of extra-articular manifestations of RA through effective disease control: Karnataka Rheumatoid Arthritis Comorbidity (KRAC) study. Int J Rheum Dis 2016; 20:1694-1703. [DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Chandrashekara
- ChanRe Rheumatology and Immunology Center; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Vineeta Shobha
- St. John's Medical College Hospital; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | | | - Ramesh Jois
- Kanva Diagnostics Center; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | | | | | | | - Shiva Prasad
- Vikram Hospital Pty. Ltd.; Mysore Karnataka India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - K. R. Anupama
- ChanRe Rheumatology and Immunology Center; Bangalore Karnataka India
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48
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Chandrashekara S, Shobha V, Dharmanand BG, Jois R, Kumar S, Mahendranath KM, Haridas V, Prasad S, Singh Y, Daware MA, Swamy A, Subramanian R, Somashekar SA, Shanthappa AM, Anupama KR. Factors influencing remission in rheumatoid arthritis patients: results from Karnataka rheumatoid arthritis comorbidity (
KRAC
) study. Int J Rheum Dis 2016; 21:1977-1985. [DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - K. R. Anupama
- ChanRe Rheumatology and Immunology Center Basaweswaranagar Bangalore India
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Abstract
The object of this paper is to study the actual waiting time of a customer in a GI/G/1 queue. This is an important criterion from the viewpoint of both the customers and the efficient functioning of the counter. Suitable point processes in the product space of load and time parameters for any general inter-arrival and service time distributions are defined and integral equations governing the correlation functions are set up. Solutions of these equations are obtained and with the help of these, explicit expressions for the first two moments of the number of customers who have waited for a time longer than w in a given time interval (0, T) are calculated.
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50
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Subramanian R, Zhu X, Kerr SJ, Esmay JD, Louie SW, Edson KZ, Walter S, Fitzsimmons M, Wagner M, Soto M, Pham R, Wilson SF, Skiles GL. Nonclinical Pharmacokinetics, Disposition, and Drug-Drug Interaction Potential of a Novel D-Amino Acid Peptide Agonist of the Calcium-Sensing Receptor AMG 416 (Etelcalcetide). Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 44:1319-31. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.068007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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