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Teo K, Cheow Y, Zhang S, Shi J, Lai R, Lim S, Toh W. Exosomes/EVs: MSC-SEVS ALLEVIATE LOCAL AND SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION TO PROMOTE JOINT REPAIR IN OSTEOARTHRITIS. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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2
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Jiang Y, Teo K, Zhang S, Shi J, Lai R, Lim S, Toh W. Exosomes/EVs: MSC EXOSOMES ALLEVIATE OSTEOARTHRITIS THROUGH COMPLEMENT INHIBITION. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00251-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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Wong RCW, Lee MKP, Siu GKH, Lee LK, Leung JSL, Leung ECM, Ho YII, Lai RWM. Healthcare workers acquired COVID-19 disease from patients? An investigation by phylogenomics. J Hosp Infect 2021; 115:59-63. [PMID: 34098050 PMCID: PMC8289439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2021.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The increasing number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in the community has posed a significant epidemic pressure on healthcare settings. When healthcare workers (HCWs) acquire COVID-19, contact tracing and epidemiological investigation might not be adequate for determining the source of transmission. Here, we report a phylogenetic investigation involving two infected HCWs and nine patients to determine whether patient-to-HCW transmission had occurred in a hospital without a previous COVID-19 outbreak. This is the first study to apply phylogenomics to investigate suspected nosocomial transmission in a region with low prevalence of COVID-19. Our results do not support the occurrence of direct patient-to-HCW transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C W Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - M K P Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - G K H Siu
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - L K Lee
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J S L Leung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - E C M Leung
- Department of Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Y I I Ho
- Department of Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - R W M Lai
- Department of Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Peng SHT, Wong B, Chen W, Lai R, Canterbury LA. Extracutaneous involvement of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma associated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and refractory to intensive chemotherapy. J Hematop 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12308-021-00455-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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5
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Toh W, Zhang S, Wong K, Ren X, Lai R, Lim S, Hui J. MSC exosomes promote osteochondral repair in a translational porcine model. Cytotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465324921004540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Chuah S, Yong C, Chew J, Cheow Y, Teo K, Zhang S, Lai R, Wong R, Lim A, Lim S, Tohu W. Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived small extracellular vesicles promote angio-osteogenesis and modulate macrophage polarization to enhance bone regeneration. Cytotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465324921004473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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7
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Teo K, Zhang S, Chuah S, Lai R, Lim S, Toh W. Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived small extracellular vesicles promote osteoarthritic joint repair and pain recovery through immunomodulation. Cytotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465324921004515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Li X, Xing L, Lai R, Yuan C, Humbert P. Literature mapping: association of microscopic skin microflora and biomarkers with macroscopic skin health. Clin Exp Dermatol 2020; 46:21-27. [PMID: 32786033 PMCID: PMC7754415 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Associations between skin microbes or biomarkers and pathological conditions have been reported in the literature. However, there is a lack of clarity on the interaction between the coexistence of common skin microbes with skin physiology and subsequent development of clinical symptoms, and the role of biomarkers in mediating these changes before the development of skin disease. In this review, we aim to identify areas in which extensive research for the studied factors has already been conducted, and which research areas are under-represented. The SciFinder database was searched for articles containing key words including specific skin microbes, biomarkers, skin physiology and diseases from the beginning of the SciFinder data record to 26 April 2016, and we included an additional relevant recent publication from our group. Among the 8000 + articles selected, the frequency of keyword pairs between two roles [microscopic markers (microflora or biomarkers) and reactions (skin physiology or clinical symptoms, or skin disease)] was investigated. Associated research between the individual factors such as skin microflora or biomarkers (chosen based on our earlier publication) and specific biophysical parameters, symptoms or skin disease was identified. The present research heatmap emphasizes the significance of a structured review of research on concerned factor associations to identify early/subclinical clues that can be used to prevent progression to overt skin disease with the help of precise skin care or early intervention, as indicated by skin microflora, biomarkers and an interactive skin biophysics profile. The findings provide a novel approach to explore such associations and may guide future research directed towards predicting disease from early/subclinical symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- Clinical Science APAC, Johnson & Johnson (China) Ltd, Shanghai Technology and Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - L Xing
- Clinical Science APAC, Johnson & Johnson (China) Ltd, Shanghai Technology and Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - R Lai
- External Innovation, Johnson & Johnson (China) Ltd, Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - C Yuan
- Skin and Cosmetic Research Department, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - P Humbert
- Department of Dermatology, Research and Clinic Centre on the Tegument, Clinical Investigation Center, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France.,University of Franche-Comté, Inserm U1098, Besançon, France
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Guadagno C, Millar D, Lai R, Mackay D, Pleban J, McClung C, Weinig C, Wang D, Ewers B. Use of transcriptomic data to inform biophysical models via Bayesian networks. Ecol Modell 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.109086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Zhang S, Wong K, Wang M, Teo K, Chuah S, Lai R, Lim S, Lee E, Hui J, Toh W. Optimising administration of MSC exosomes for cartilage repair in the clinic. Cytotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.03.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Oh DY, Hamilton E, Hanna D, Beeram M, Lee KW, Kang YK, Chaves J, Lee JY, Goodwin R, Vaklavas C, Rha SY, Elimova E, Mayordomo J, Ferrario C, Cobleigh M, Fortenberry A, Rowse G, Gray T, Lai R, Meric Bernstam F. Safety, anti-tumour activity, and biomarker results of the HER2-targeted bispecific antibody ZW25 in HER2-expressing solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Meric-Bernstam F, Hanna D, Beeram M, Lee KW, Kang YK, Chaves J, Lee J, Goodwin R, Vaklavas C, Oh DY, Rha S, Elimova E, Mayordomo J, Ferrario C, Cobleigh M, Fortenberry A, Rowse G, Gray T, Lai R, Hamilton E. Safety, anti-tumour activity, and biomarker results of the HER2-targeted bispecific antibody ZW25 in HER2-expressing solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz244.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Ortiz L, Njah J, Marrocco A, Detweiler A, Milosevic J, Phinney D, Lai R, Choo A, Tan S, Lim S. Mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) exosomes couple the RV/PA during Pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Cytotherapy 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.03.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wheeler LA, Lai R, Woldemussie E. From the Lab to the Clinic: Activation of an Alpha-2 agonist Pathway is Neuroprotective in Models of Retinal and Optic Nerve Injury. Eur J Ophthalmol 2018; 9 Suppl 1:S17-21. [PMID: 10230601 DOI: 10.1177/112067219900901s09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The selective alpha-2 agonist brimonidine was used as a pharmacological probe to activate alpha 2 receptor-mediated neuroprotective signaling pathways and quantitate the enhancement of retinal ganglion cell survival and function in animals with ischemic retinal and optic nerve injury. METHODS Two animal models were used to achieve different methods of neuronal insult. The first model involved mechanical injury of the rat optic nerve after treatment with a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) dose of brimonidine or a control vehicle. The second model involving acute retinal ischemic/reperfusion injury was used in a variety of experiments in which rats were treated with either intraperitoneal brimonidine or single dose topical brimonidine at various strengths. In all cases retinal ischemia was induced and maintained followed by reperfusion. In some cases, TUNEL staining was performed on histologic sections of the retinas of rats that had been sacrificed after 24 hours. To examine the activation of neuronal survival pathways at the molecular level, rats were injected with i.p. brimonidine followed by the isolation of mRNAs from whole retinas 24 hours after ischemic injury. RESULTS Intraperitoneal brimonidine enhanced rat RGC survival and function in the partial crush injury model, and neuroprotection was dose-dependent. Topical application of brimonidine 1 hour before injury was effective in decreasing ischemic retinal injury. Ischemic retinas treated with brimonidine resulted with a large decrease in TUNEL staining. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with the alpha 2 adrenoreceptor agonist brimonidine was found to confer neuroprotection to retinal ganglion cells in two distinct models of neuronal injury resulting from acute retinal ischemia/reperfusion and calibrated optic nerve compression.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Wheeler
- Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan Inc., Irvine, CA, USA
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Toh W, Zhang S, Teo K, Chuah S, Lai R, Lim S. MSC exosomes alleviate pain and degeneration in A rat model of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. Cytotherapy 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Lai R, Lau YK. Superior Dislocation of the Patella Treated by Closed Reduction: A Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490790701400406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Superior dislocation of the patella is a rare condition. We report a 70-year-old gentleman with his patella lower pole osteophyte interlocked with the anterior femoral condyles after hyperextension. The patella was reduced successfully with proper reduction technique under sedation. The active range of movement ranged from full extension to 120-degree flexion a few minutes after reduction. He walked unaided afterwards. There was no knee problem in two years of follow-up. On reviewing the literature, only 20 cases were reported till year 2007 worldwide and 19 cases could be treated by closed reduction with or without sedation.
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Tu Q, Hao J, Zhou X, Yan L, Dai H, Sun B, Yang D, An S, Lv L, Jiao B, Chen C, Lai R, Shi P, Zhao X. CDKN2B deletion is essential for pancreatic cancer development instead of unmeaningful co-deletion due to juxtaposition to CDKN2A. Oncogene 2017; 37:128-138. [PMID: 28892048 PMCID: PMC5759028 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is among the deadliest malignancies; however, the genetic events that lead to pancreatic carcinogenesis in adults remain unclear. In vivo models in which these genetic alterations occur in adult animals may more accurately reflect the features of human cancer. In this study, we demonstrate that inactivation of Cdkn2b (p15ink4b) is necessary for induction of pancreatic cancer by oncogenic KRASG12D expression and inactivation of Tp53 and Cdkn2a in adult mouse pancreatic ductal cells (P60 or older). KRASG12D overexpression in these cells activated transforming growth factor-β signaling and expression of CDKN2B, which, along with CDKN2A, led to cellular senescence and protected cells from KRAS-mediated transformation via inhibition of retinoblastoma phosphorylation. These results show a critical role of CDKN2B inactivation in pancreatic carcinogenesis, and provide a useful adult animal model by genetic engineering via lentiviral delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Tu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - J Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Laboratory of Evolutionary and Functional Genomics, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - X Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - L Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China.,Kunming Primate Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - H Dai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China
| | - B Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - D Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - S An
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - L Lv
- Kunming Primate Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - B Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Laboratory of Evolutionary and Functional Genomics, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - C Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China
| | - R Lai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China
| | - P Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Laboratory of Evolutionary and Functional Genomics, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - X Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China.,Kunming Primate Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,KIZ-SU Joint Laboratory of Animal Model and Drug Development, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Scott D, Pitcher B, Liu Y, Boyle M, Mottok A, Said J, Chadburn A, Lai R, Jung S, Bartlett N, Leonard J, Kaplan L, Hsi E. HIGH PROLIFERATION (MCL35 ASSAY) IS ASSOCIATED WITH INFERIOR OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS TREATED WITH INTENSIVE REGIMENS-A CORRELATIVE STUDY FROM THE CALGB 50403 (ALLIANCE) TRIAL. Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2438_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D.W. Scott
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer; British Columbia Cancer Agency; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - B. Pitcher
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center; Duke University; Durham NC USA
| | - Y. Liu
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer; British Columbia Cancer Agency; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - M. Boyle
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer; British Columbia Cancer Agency; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - A. Mottok
- Centre for Lymphoid Cancer; British Columbia Cancer Agency; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - J. Said
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; UCLA School of Medicine; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - A. Chadburn
- Pathology and Cell Biology; Weill Cornell Medical College; New York NY USA
| | - R. Lai
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; University Alberta; Edmonton AB Canada
| | - S. Jung
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center; Duke University; Durham NC USA
| | - N.L. Bartlett
- Department of Medicine; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis MO USA
| | - J.P. Leonard
- Department of Medicine; Weill Cornell Medical College; New York NY USA
| | - L.D. Kaplan
- Adult Lymphoma Program; UCSF; San Francisco CA USA
| | - E.D. Hsi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland OH USA
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Shang X, Song X, Faller C, Lai R, Li H, Cerny R, Niu W, Guo J. Fluorogenic protein labeling using a genetically encoded unstrained alkene. Chem Sci 2016; 8:1141-1145. [PMID: 28451254 PMCID: PMC5369545 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc03635j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A new fluorogenic bioorthogonal reaction between styrene (an unstrained alkene) and a tetrazine was developed.
We developed a new fluorogenic bioorthogonal reaction that is based on the inverse electron-demand Diels–Alder reaction between styrene (an unstrained alkene) and a simple tetrazine. The reaction forms a new fluorophore with no literature precedent. We have identified an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pair for the efficient and site-specific incorporation of a styrene-containing amino acid into proteins in response to amber nonsense codon. Fluorogenic labeling of purified proteins and intact proteins in live cells were demonstrated. The fluorogenicity of the styrene–tetrazine reaction can be potentially applied to the study of protein folding and function under physiological conditions with low background fluorescence interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Shang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , NE 68588 , USA .
| | - X Song
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , NE 68588 , USA .
| | - C Faller
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , NE 68588 , USA .
| | - R Lai
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , NE 68588 , USA .
| | - H Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , NE 68588 , USA .
| | - R Cerny
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , NE 68588 , USA .
| | - W Niu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , NE 68588 , USA .
| | - J Guo
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , NE 68588 , USA .
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Loo CK, Gálvez V, O'Keefe E, Mitchell PB, Hadzi-Pavlovic D, Leyden J, Harper S, Somogyi AA, Lai R, Weickert CS, Glue P. Placebo-controlled pilot trial testing dose titration and intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous routes for ketamine in depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2016; 134:48-56. [PMID: 27028832 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This pilot study assessed the feasibility, efficacy and safety of an individual dose-titration approach, and of the intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC) routes for treating depression with ketamine. METHOD Fifteen treatment-refractory depressed participants received ketamine or midazolam (control treatment) in a multiple crossover, double-blind study. Ketamine was administered by IV (n = 4), IM (n = 5) or SC (n = 6) injection. Dose titration commenced at 0.1 mg/kg, increasing by 0.1 mg/kg up to 0.5 mg/kg, given in separate treatment sessions separated by ≥1 week, with one placebo control treatment randomly inserted. Mood, psychotomimetic and hemodynamic effects were assessed and plasma ketamine concentrations assayed. RESULTS Twelve participants achieved response and remission criteria, achieved at doses as low as 0.1 mg/kg. All three routes of administration resulted in comparable antidepressant effects. Fewest adverse effects were noted with the SC route. Antidepressant response, adverse effects and ketamine concentrations were dose-related. CONCLUSION Antidepressant response occurred at a range of doses and at <0.5 mg/kg. The dose-titration approach is a practical method for optimizing the efficacy - side-effects trade-off on an individual patient basis. This pilot study provides preliminary evidence for SC injection as a practical, feasible and efficacious treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Loo
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Black Dog Institute, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Wesley Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia.,St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia
| | - V Gálvez
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Black Dog Institute, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - E O'Keefe
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - P B Mitchell
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Black Dog Institute, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - D Hadzi-Pavlovic
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Black Dog Institute, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - J Leyden
- Wesley Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia.,Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - S Harper
- Wesley Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, Australia.,University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - A A Somogyi
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - R Lai
- Macquarie Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - C S Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Schizophrenia Research Institute, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - P Glue
- Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Zhang S, Chu W, Lai R, Hui J, Lee E, Lim S, Toh W. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote Orderly Cartilage Regeneration in an Immunocompetent Rat Osteochondral Defect Model. Cytotherapy 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Fang Y, Long C, Bai X, Liu W, Rong M, Lai R, An S. Two new types of allergens from the cockroach, Periplaneta americana. Allergy 2015; 70:1674-8. [PMID: 26361742 DOI: 10.1111/all.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Periplaneta americana cockroach is an important source of inhalant indoor allergen resource, and there are more than twenty IgE-binding components identified in P. americana, but only nine allergens were characterized. Our knowledge about cockroach allergens remains poor. In this work, two novel allergen proteins Per a 11 (alpha-amylase) and Per a 12 (chitinase) with molecular weight around 55 and 45 kDa, respectively, were purified and characterized from the midgut of cockroaches. Their primary sequences were determined by Edman degradation, mass spectrometry, and cDNA cloning. Sera from 39 and 30 of 47 (83.0% and 63.8%) patients reacted to Per a 11 and Per a 12 on immunoblots, respectively. The allergenicity of Per a 11 and Per a 12 was further confirmed by competitive ELISA, basophil activation test (BAT), and skin prick test (SPT). They appear to be of importance for the allergic reactions induced by cockroach and have a potential for component-based diagnosis of allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province; Kunming Institute of Zoology; Kunming Yunnan China
| | - C. Long
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province; Kunming Institute of Zoology; Kunming Yunnan China
| | - X. Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province; Kunming Institute of Zoology; Kunming Yunnan China
| | - W. Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province; Kunming Institute of Zoology; Kunming Yunnan China
| | - M. Rong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province; Kunming Institute of Zoology; Kunming Yunnan China
| | - R. Lai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province; Kunming Institute of Zoology; Kunming Yunnan China
- Life Sciences College of Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
- Joint Laboratory of Natural peptide; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China and Kunming Institute of Zoology; Yunnan China
| | - S. An
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province; Kunming Institute of Zoology; Kunming Yunnan China
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology; Kunming University of Science and Technology; Yunnan China
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Roberts-Rapp L, Ansell P, Kular R, Song M, Sokolova I, Gan H, Papadopoulos K, Lassman A, Merrell R, Kumthekar P, Scott A, Gomez E, Fischer J, Bhathena A, Holen K, Lai R, Reardon D, van den Bent M. 28PD Identifying the correct patient (pt) population for ABT-414: Biomarker assays for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in pts with glioblastoma (GBM). Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv518.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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25
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Lai R, Woolley DJ, Lawes GS. The effect of inter-fruit competition, type of fruiting lateral and time of anthesis on the fruit growth of kiwifruit(Actinidia deliciosa). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00221589.1990.11516034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Lai R, Woolley DJ, Lawes GS. Patterns of assimilate transport from leaves to fruit within a kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) lateral. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/14620316.1988.11515917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Alqahtani H, Gopal K, Gupta N, Jung K, Alshareef A, Ye X, Wu F, Li L, Lai R. DDX17 (P72), a Sox2 binding partner, promotes stem-like features conferred by Sox2 in a small cell population in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Cell Signal 2015; 28:42-50. [PMID: 26569340 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated the existence of two phenotypically distinct cell subsets in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer (BC) based on their differential response to a Sox2 reporter (SRR2), with reporter responsive (RR) cells being more tumorigenic and stem-like than reporter unresponsive (RU) cells. To delineate the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenotypic dichotomy, we tested our hypothesis that Sox2, which is a key regulator of the RR phenotype, is under the control of its binding partners. In this study, we focused on DDX17, known to be a transcription co-activator and found to be a Sox2 binding partner by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Using immunoprecipitation, we confirmed the binding between DDX17 and Sox2, although this interaction was largely restricted to RR cells. While DDX17 was found in both the cytoplasm and nuclei in RU cells, it is confined to the nuclei in RR cells. siRNA knockdown of DDX17 in RR cells substantially decreased the Sox2-SRR2 binding and significantly decreased the SRR2 reporter activity without affecting the protein level of Sox2. Using ChIP-PCR, DDX17 knockdown also significantly decreased the binding of Sox2 to genomic SRR2, as well as 3 of its specific gene targets including MUC15, CCND1 and CD133. Correlating with these findings, siRNA knockdown of DDX17 significantly reduced soft agar colony formation and mammosphere formation in RR cells but not RU cells. To conclude, DDX17 is a Sox2-binding protein in ER-positive BC. In RR but not RU cells, DDX17 enhances the tumorigenic and stem-like features of Sox2 by promoting its binding to its target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Alqahtani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - K Gopal
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - N Gupta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - K Jung
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Alshareef
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - X Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - F Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - L Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - R Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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28
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Jeyanathan M, Thanthrige-Don N, Afkhami S, Lai R, Damjanovic D, Zganiacz A, Feng X, Yao XD, Rosenthal KL, Medina MF, Gauldie J, Ertl HC, Xing Z. Novel chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored respiratory mucosal tuberculosis vaccine: overcoming local anti-human adenovirus immunity for potent TB protection. Mucosal Immunol 2015; 8:1373-87. [PMID: 25872483 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2015.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains to be a major global health problem despite many decades of parenteral use of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. Developing safe and effective respiratory mucosal TB vaccines represents a unique challenge. Over the past decade or so, the human serotype 5 adenovirus (AdHu5)-based TB vaccine has emerged as one of the most promising candidates based on a plethora of preclinical and early clinical studies. However, anti-AdHu5 immunity widely present in the lung of humans poses a serious gap and limitation to its real-world applications. In this study we have developed a novel chimpanzee adenovirus 68 (AdCh68)-vectored TB vaccine amenable to the respiratory route of vaccination. We have evaluated AdCh68-based TB vaccine for its safety, T-cell immunogenicity, and protective efficacy in relevant animal models of human pulmonary TB with or without parenteral BCG priming. We have also compared AdCh68-based TB vaccine with its AdHu5 counterpart in both naive animals and those with preexisting anti-AdHu5 immunity in the lung. We provide compelling evidence that AdCh68-based TB vaccine is not only safe when delivered to the respiratory tract but, importantly, is also superior to its AdHu5 counterpart in induction of T-cell responses and immune protection, and limiting lung immunopathology in the presence of preexisting anti-AdHu5 immunity in the lung. Our findings thus suggest AdCh68-based TB vaccine to be an ideal candidate for respiratory mucosal immunization, endorsing its further clinical development in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jeyanathan
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - N Thanthrige-Don
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Afkhami
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Lai
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Damjanovic
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Zganiacz
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - X Feng
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - X-D Yao
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - K L Rosenthal
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Fe Medina
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Gauldie
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - H C Ertl
- Department of Immunology, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Z Xing
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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29
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Van den Bent M, Roberts-Rapp L, Ansell P, Kular R, Song M, Sokolova I, Gan H, Papadopoulos K, Lassman A, Merrell R, Kumthekar P, Scott A, Gomez E, Fischer J, Bhathena A, Holen K, Lai R, Reardon D. 2903 Identifying the correct patient (pt) population for ABT-414: Biomarker assays for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in pts with glioblastoma (GBM). Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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Chiu C, Yang C, Shih J, Huang M, Su W, Lai R, Wang C, Hsiao S, Lin Y, Ho C, Wu M, Hsia T, Lai C, Lee K, Lin C, Chang F, Chuang C, Yeh D, Perng R. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Treatment Response in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with G719X/L861Q/S768I Mutations. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu349.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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31
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Crespo Alonso M, Arca M, Isaia F, Lai R, Lippolis V, Callear SK, Caricato M, Pasini D, Coles SJ, Aragoni MC. Stereospecific generation of homochiral helices in coordination polymers built from enantiopure binaphthyl-based ligands. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce01101e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The novel enantiopure spacer 2,2′-dimethoxy-1,1′-binaphthyl-3,3′-bis(4-pyridyl-amido) has been designed to prepare helical coordination polymers here investigated by means of experimental and theoretical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Crespo Alonso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari
- Cittadella Universitaria
- 09042 Monserrato Cagliari, Italy
| | - M. Arca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari
- Cittadella Universitaria
- 09042 Monserrato Cagliari, Italy
| | - F. Isaia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari
- Cittadella Universitaria
- 09042 Monserrato Cagliari, Italy
| | - R. Lai
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari
- Cittadella Universitaria
- 09042 Monserrato Cagliari, Italy
| | - V. Lippolis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari
- Cittadella Universitaria
- 09042 Monserrato Cagliari, Italy
| | - S. K. Callear
- ISIS Facility
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
- Didcot, UK
| | - M. Caricato
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit
- University of Pavia
- 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - D. Pasini
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit
- University of Pavia
- 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - S. J. Coles
- UK National Crystallography Service
- Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences
- University of Southampton
- Southampton, UK
| | - M. C. Aragoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari
- Cittadella Universitaria
- 09042 Monserrato Cagliari, Italy
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32
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Tse R, Lai R, Cala A. Increasing blood alcohol detection and blood alcohol levels in suicidal hanging from 2007 to 2011. Pathology 2014. [DOI: 10.1097/01.pat.0000443652.31592.ea] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Bie L, Li Y, Yuan H, Bondy M, Bainbridge M, Jhangiani S, Jalali A, Plon SE, Armstrong G, Bernstein J, Claus E, Davis F, Houlston R, Il'yasova D, Jenkins R, Johansen C, Lachance D, Lai R, Lau C, Merrell R, Olson S, Sadetzki S, Schildkraut J, Shete S, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Wrensch M, Consortium TG, Melin B, Gibbs RA, Haberler C, Czech T, Chocholous M, Dorfer C, Slavc I, Hayashi S, Sasaki H, Kimura T, Nakamura T, Miwa T, Hirose Y, Yoshida K, Jalali A, Bainbridge M, Jhangiani S, Plon SE, Armstrong G, Bernstein J, Claus E, Davis F, Houlston R, Il'yasova D, Jenkins R, Johansen C, Lachance D, Lai R, Lau C, Merrell R, Olson SH, Sadetzki S, Schildkraut J, Shete S, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Wrensch M, Melin B, Gibbs RA, Bondy M, Jenkins R, Wrensch M, Kollmeyer T, Armstrong G, Olson S, Lai R, Lachance D, Lau C, Claus E, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Il'yasova D, Schildkraut J, Houlston R, Shete S, Bernstein J, Davis F, Merrell R, Johansen C, Sadetzki S, Consortium TG, Melin B, Bondy M, Palmer J, Li J, Kenyon L, Andrews D, Kim L, Glass J, Werner-Wasik M, Shi W, Takayanagi S, Mukasa A, Aihara K, Saito K, Otani R, Tanaka S, Nakatomi H, Aburatani H, Ichimura K, Ueki K, Saito N, Walsh KM, Decker PA, Eckel-Passow JE, Molinaro AM, Hansen HM, Rice T, Zheng S, Kollmeyer T, Berger MS, Chang SM, Prados MD, Rynearson A, Caron A, Kosel ML, Lachance DH, O'Neill BP, Giannini C, Wiencke JK, Jenkins RB, Wrensch MR, Wang Z, Bao Z, Jiang T, Wang Z, Bao Z, Jiang T. MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLGOY. Neuro Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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34
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Amirian ES, Scheurer ME, Wrensch M, Olson SH, Lai R, Lachance D, Armstrong G, Zhou R, Wiemels J, Lau C, Claus E, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Il'yasova D, Schildkraut J, Houlston R, Shete S, Bernstein J, Jenkins R, Davis F, Merrell R, Johansen C, Sadetzki S, Melin B, Bondy M, Dardis C, Dembowska-Baginska B, Swieszkowska E, Drogosiewicz M, Polnik MP, Filipek I, Grudzinska M, Grajkowska W, Perek D, Flores K, Crawford J, Piccioni D, Lemus H, Lindsay S, Kesari S, Bricker P, Fonkem E, Ebue E, Song J, Harris F, Thawani N, DiPatre PL, Newell-Rogers MK, Fonkem E, Gittleman H, Kruchko C, Ostrom Q, Chen Y, Farah P, Ondracek A, Wolinsky Y, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Griffin J, Tobin R, Newell-Rogers MK, Ebwe E, Fonkem E, Johnson D, Leeper H, Uhm J, Lee A, Back M, Gzell C, Kastelan M, Wheeler H, Ostrom Q, Kruchko C, Gittleman H, Chen Y, Ondracek A, Farah P, Wolinsky Y, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Lopez E, Sepulveda C, Diego-Perez J, Betanzos Y, de Leon AP, Prabhu V, Perry E, Melian E, Barton K, Lee J, Anderson D, Urgoiti GR, Singh A, Tsang RY, Nordal R, Lim G, Chan J, Starreveld Y, de Robles P, Biagioni B, Hamilton M, Easaw J, Senerchia A, Eleuterio S, Souza E, Cappellano A, Seixas T, Cavalheiro S, Saba N, Torres-Carranza A, Canales-Martinez LC, Perez-Cardenas S, Miranda-Maldonado I, Barbosa-Quintana O, de Leon AMP, Umemura Y, Ronan L, van Zanten SV, Jansen M, van Vuurden D, Vandertop P, Kaspers GJ, Wallach J, LaSala P, Kalnicki S, Garg M, Wong TT, Ho DM, Chang KP, Yen SH, Guo WY, Chang FC, Liang ML, Chen HHS, Chen YW, Pan DHC, Chung WY, Yoo H, Jung KW, Lee SH, Shin SH, Ha J, Won YJ, Yoon H, Offor O, Helenowski I, Bhandari R, Raparia K, Marymont M, DeCamp M, de Hoyos A, Chandler J, Bendok B, Chmura S, Mehta M. EPIDEMIOLOLGY. Neuro Oncol 2013; 15:iii32-iii36. [PMCID: PMC3823890 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
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35
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Xu P, Shi M, Lai R, Chen XX. Differences in numbers of termicins expressed in two termite species affected by fungal contamination of their environments. Genet Mol Res 2012; 11:2247-57. [PMID: 22614454 DOI: 10.4238/2012.may.10.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Termicin is a defensin-like antimicrobial peptide of termites that has strong antifungal activity. Fifty-six different termicin mRNAs encoding 46 different peptides were amplified and identified from Odontotermes formosanus (Termitidae), a species that inhabits environments with a large variety of microbial fauna. In contrast, only 38 different termicin mRNAs encoding 21 different peptides were amplified and identified from Reticulitermes chinensis (Rhinotermitidae). All mRNAs were amplified by reverse transcript PCR, with primers designed from reported termicin mRNA sequences. All of these genes showed high intraspecific sequence identity and were found to be highly homologous with other reported termicin genes. These two termite species live in different environments; the latter encounters relatively fewer pathogens in its habitat. We conclude that differences in microenvironmental pressure can affect the number of termicin genes expressed in termite species.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Xu
- Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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36
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Borbath I, Verbrugghe L, Lai R, Gigot J, Humblet Y, Piessevaux H, Sempoux C. Human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1) expression is a potential predictive tool for response to gemcitabine in patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2012; 48:990-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2011.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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37
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Chong C, Fong L, Lai R, Lau WKO, Hartmann M, Chia SE. Erratum: The prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms and treatment-seeking behaviour in males over 40 years in Singapore: a community-based study. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2012.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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38
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Reiman T, Lai R, Veillard AS, Paris E, Soria JC, Rosell R, Taron M, Graziano S, Kratzke R, Seymour L, Shepherd FA, Pignon JP, Sève P. Cross-validation study of class III beta-tubulin as a predictive marker for benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in resected non-small-cell lung cancer: analysis of four randomized trials. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:86-93. [PMID: 21471564 PMCID: PMC3276322 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Revised: 01/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The IALT, JBR.10, ANITA and Cancer and Leukemia Group B 9633 trials compared adjuvant chemotherapy with observation for patients with resected non-small-cell lung cancer (R-NSCLC). Data from the metastatic setting suggest high tumor class III beta-tubulin (TUBB3) expression is a determinant of insensitivity to tubulin-targeting agents (e.g. vinorelbine, paclitaxel). In 265 patients from JBR.10 (vinorelbine-cisplatin versus observation), high TUBB3 was an adverse prognostic factor and was associated (nonsignificantly) with 'greater' survival benefit from chemotherapy. We explored this further in additional patients from JBR.10 and the other three trials. PATIENTS AND METHODS TUBB3 immunohistochemical staining was scored for 1149 patients on the four trials. The original JBR.10 cut-off scores were used to classify tumors as TUBB3 high or low. The prognostic and predictive value of TUBB3 on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was assessed by Cox models stratified by trial and adjusted for clinical factors. RESULTS High TUBB3 expression was prognostic for OS [hazard ratio (HR)=1.27 (1.07-1.51), P=0.008) and DFS [HR=1.30 (1.11-1.53), P=0.001). TUBB3 was not predictive of a differential treatment effect [interaction P=0.20 (OS), P=0.23 (DFS)]. Subset analysis (n=420) on vinorelbine-cisplatin gave similar results. CONCLUSIONS The prognostic effect of high TUBB3 expression in patients with R-NSCLC has been validated. We were unable to confirm a predictive effect for TUBB3.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Reiman
- Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University and Department of Oncology, Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John.
| | - R Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Cross Cancer Institute and University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Departments of
| | | | - E Paris
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology
| | - J C Soria
- Medicine, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Paris, France
| | - R Rosell
- Department of Medicine, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Taron
- Department of Medicine, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Graziano
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse
| | - R Kratzke
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - L Seymour
- NCIC Clinical Trials Group, Kingston
| | - F A Shepherd
- Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - P Sève
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hopital de la Croix Rousse
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39
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Hu P, Lai R, Xie D. Gentamicin affects connexin 26 expression in the cochlear lateral wall. B-ENT 2012; 8:77-84. [PMID: 22896926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Aminoglycosides may decrease the expression of some proteins participating in ion-exchange in the cochlear lateral wall. Connexin 26 expression in the lateral wall may play a role in acquired hearing loss by maintaining the endocochlear potential and potassium concentration in the endolymph. We examined the effects of gentamicin on the expression of connexin 26 to obtain a better understanding of aminoglycoside ototoxicity. METHODS We detected changes in connexin 26 protein and mRNA expression in the cochlear lateral wall using immunohistochemistry staining, western blotting, and real-time PCR in rats after administration of a single dose of gentamicin. RESULTS The expression of connexin 26 increased over time in type III fibrocytes after gentamicin administration. Elevated protein levels were detected 3 h after the single injection of gentamicin; while, mRNA levels increased after 24 h. CONCLUSION Connexin 26 plays an important role in the acute effects of high-dose gentamicin and is probably involved in the pathogenesis of ototoxic deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hu
- Institute of Otology, Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
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An S, Ma D, Wei JF, Yang X, Yang HW, Yang H, Xu X, He S, Lai R. A novel allergen Tab y 1 with inhibitory activity of platelet aggregation from salivary glands of horseflies. Allergy 2011; 66:1420-7. [PMID: 21848516 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02683.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Horsefly sting causes allergic reactions in human body. However, our knowledge on horsefly allergens remains poor. OBJECTIVES To identify the novel horsefly allergens and characterize their properties. METHODS A native allergen protein Tab y 1 (apyrase) was purified from the salivary glands of the horsefly Tabanus yao Macquart by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. Its sequence was determined by Edman degradation and cDNA cloning. Its allergenicity was assessed by immunoblotting for specific IgE, basophil activation test, skin prick test (SPT), and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Tab y 1 showed a single diffusion band of 70 kDa on SDS-PAGE. Seventy percent (7/10) of patients with horsefly allergy tested positive to Tab y 1 in SPT; sera from 81% (30/37) of patients reacted to Tab y 1 on western blots. Purified Tab y 1 reduced approximately 42% sera IgE reactivity to horsefly salivary gland extract on a competitive ELISA. Tab y 1 upregulated the expression of CD63 and CCR3 on passively sensitized basophils by up to approximately 4.9-fold. Tab y 1 also showed enzymatic activity to hydrolyze ATP and ADP, and potent antiplatelet aggregation and antithrombotic activities. CONCLUSION The current work identified a novel major allergen of horsefly, Tab y 1, with antiplatelet aggregation and antithrombotic activities, which implicates Tab y 1 in helping horseflies suck host blood, meanwhile causing allergy in their human hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S An
- Biotoxin Units of Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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Wong B, Lai R, Chan P, Lee N. A hospital outbreak of seasonal influenza involving three health care workers – implications on the optimal choice of respiratory protection. BMC Proc 2011. [PMCID: PMC3239512 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-5-s6-p100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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Lai R, Xie L, Wu X, Zhang S, Du Y, Zhao S, Zheng Y, Sun Y, LI H, Chen J, LI Z, Liu L, Tang X, Wang L, Wang Y, Han M, Liu C, Wang J, Li H, Liu S. Gene expression signature comparison for solid tumor chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e21045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Ma D, Xu X, An S, Liu H, Yang X, Andersen JF, Wang Y, Tokumasu F, Ribeiro JMC, Francischetti IMB, Lai R. A novel family of RGD-containing disintegrins (Tablysin-15) from the salivary gland of the horsefly Tabanus yao targets αIIbβ3 or αVβ3 and inhibits platelet aggregation and angiogenesis. Thromb Haemost 2011; 105:1032-45. [PMID: 21475772 DOI: 10.1160/th11-01-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A novel family of RGD-containing molecules (Tablysin-15) has been molecularly characterised from the salivary gland of the haematophagous horsefly Tabanus yao. Tablysin-15 does not share primary sequence homology to any disintegrin discovered so far, and displays an RGD motif in the N-terminus of the molecule. It is also distinct from disintegrins from Viperidae since its mature form is not released from a metalloproteinase precursor. Tablysin-15 exhibits high affinity binding for platelet αIIbβ3 and endothelial cell αVβ3 integrins, but not for α5β1 or α2β1. Accordingly, it blocks endothelial cell adhesion to vitronectin (IC50 ~1 nM) and marginally to fibronectin (IC50 ~1 μM), but not to collagen. It also inhibits fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-induced endothelial cell proliferation, and attenuates tube formation in vitro. In platelets, Tablysin-15 inhibits aggregation induced by collagen, ADP and convulxin, and prevents static platelet adhesion to immobilised fibrinogen. In addition, solid-phase assays and flow cytometry demonstrates that αIIbβ3 binds to Tablysin-15. Moreover, immobilised Tablysin-15 supports platelet adhesion by a mechanism which was blocked by anti-integrin αIIbβ3 monoclonal antibody (e.g. abciximab) or by EDTA. Furthermore, Tablysin-15 dose-dependently attenuates thrombus formation to collagen under flow. Consistent with these findings, Tablysin-15 displays antithrombotic properties in vivo suggesting that it is a useful tool to block αIIbβ3, or as a prototype to develop antithrombotics. The RGD motif in the unique sequence of Tablysin-15 represents a novel template for studying the structure-function relationship of the disintegrin family of inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ma
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China
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Perrone G, Morini S, Santini D, Rabitti C, Vincenzi B, Alloni R, Antinori A, Magistrelli P, Lai R, Cass C, Mackey JR, Coppola R, Tonini G, Onetti Muda A. Human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 and carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater: expression differences in tumour histotypes. Eur J Histochem 2011; 54:e38. [PMID: 20839414 PMCID: PMC3167316 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2010.e38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1) is the major means by which gemcitabine enters human cells; recent evidence exists that hENT1 is expressed in carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater and that it should be considered as a molecular prognostic marker for patients with resected ampullary cancer. Aim of the present study is to evaluate the variations of hENT1 expression in ampullary carcinomas and to correlate such variations with histological subtypes and clinicopathological parameters. Forty-one ampullary carcinomas were histologically classified into intestinal, pancreaticobiliary and unusual types. hENT1 and Ki67 expression were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and apoptotic cells were identified by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate biotin nick end labelling (TUNEL) method. hENT1 overexpression was detected in 63.4% ampullary carcinomas. A significant difference in terms of hENT1 and Ki67 expression was found between intestinal vs. pancreaticobiliary types (P=0.03 and P=0.009 respectively). Moreover, a significant statistical positive correlation was found between apoptotic and proliferative Index (P=0.036), while no significant correlation was found between hENT1 and apoptosis. Our results on hENT1 expression suggest that classification of ampullary carcinoma by morphological subtypes may represent an additional tool in prospective clinical trials aimed at examining treatment efficacy; in addition, data obtained from Ki67 and TUNEL suggest a key role of hENT1 in tumour growth of ampullary carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Perrone
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Campus Bio-Medico University, via Alvaro del Portillo 200, Rome, Italy.
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Ma D, Li Y, Dong J, An S, Wang Y, Liu C, Yang X, Yang H, Xu X, Lin D, Lai R. Purification and characterization of two new allergens from the salivary glands of the horsefly, Tabanus yao. Allergy 2011; 66:101-9. [PMID: 20608917 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02435.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Horsefly bite can cause allergic reactions in humans. There is no information about allergenic horsefly proteins. OBJECTIVES The current work aims to purify and characterize IgE-binding proteins from horsefly salivary glands. METHODS Two IgE-binding proteins, Tab a 1 and Tab a 2 with molecular weight of 26 and 35 kd, respectively, were purified and characterized from 60,000 pairs of horsefly salivary glands of Tabanus yao, respectively. Their primary sequences were determined by Edman degradation and cDNA cloning. Their allergenicity was examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), ELISA inhibition tests, and immunoblots. RESULTS Immunoblotting demonstrated IgE binding by 32 and 34 of 37 (86.5% and 91.8%) subjects' sera to Tab a 1 and Tab a 2, respectively. They were identified as an antigen 5-related (Ag 5) protein and hyaluronidase, respectively. ELISA inhibitions of serum IgE reactivity to the horsefly salivary gland extract (SGE) using purified Tab a 1 and Tab a 2 were significant (about 45%). In addition, these proteins showed some IgE-binding capacity to sera of subjects with wasp sting allergy. CONCLUSIONS We have first identified and characterized two IgE-binding proteins, Tab a 1, an Ag 5-like protein and Tab a 2, a hyaluronidase, from the horsefly salivary glands. They appear to be of importance for the allergic reactions induced by horsefly bite. These allergens are thus not only found in stinging but also found in hematophagous insects. These results also provided support for the presence of the so-called wasp-horsefly syndrome (WHS).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ma
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Wang P, Wu F, Zhang J, McMullen T, Young LC, Ingham RJ, Li L, Lai R. Serine phosphorylation of NPM-ALK, which is dependent on the auto-activation of the kinase activation loop, contributes to its oncogenic potential. Carcinogenesis 2010; 32:146-53. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgq229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Xu D, Wei J, Cui H, Gong J, Yan Y, Lai R, Qin Q. Differential profiles of gene expression in grouper Epinephelus coioides, infected with Singapore grouper iridovirus, revealed by suppression subtractive hybridization and DNA microarray. J Fish Biol 2010; 77:341-360. [PMID: 20646160 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02676.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to generate a subtracted cDNA library enriched with gene transcripts differentially expressed in the spleen of orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides after 5 days of infection with Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV). In the forward and reverse-subtracted libraries, 260 and 153 non-redundant expressed sequence tags (EST), respectively, were identified. These annotated genes responding to SGIV infection were grouped into eight gene categories related to immunity, cell structure, transcription-translation, cell signalling, metabolism, mitochondrial proteins, ribosomal proteins and unknown or hypothetical proteins. A DNA microarray containing all the differentially expressed genes was constructed, and the gene expression patterns in different tissues were investigated in virus-infected E. coioides. Of these genes, four associated with the infection processes were identified and further investigated by quantitative real-time PCR. These results provide new insights into the molecular basis of host-pathogen interactions in E. coioides, and will help the development of control strategies against SGIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of life sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Craik AC, Veldhoen RA, Czernick M, Buckland TW, Kyselytzia K, Ghosh S, Lai R, Damaraju S, Underhill DA, Mackey JR, Goping IS. The BH3-only protein Bad confers breast cancer taxane sensitivity through a nonapoptotic mechanism. Oncogene 2010; 29:5381-91. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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McMullen TPW, Lai R, Dabbagh L, Wallace TM, de Gara CJ. Survival in rectal cancer is predicted by T cell infiltration of tumour-associated lymphoid nodules. Clin Exp Immunol 2010; 161:81-8. [PMID: 20408858 PMCID: PMC2940152 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04147.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoid nodules are a normal component of the mucosa of the rectum, but little is known about their function and whether they contribute to the host immune response in malignancy. In rectal cancer specimens from patients with local (n=18), regional (n=12) and distant (n=10) disease, we quantified T cell (CD3, CD25) and dendritic cell (CD1a, CD83) levels at the tumour margin as well as within tumour-associated lymphoid nodules. In normal tissue CD3+, but not CD25+, T cells are concentrated at high levels within lymphoid nodules, with significantly fewer cells found in surrounding normal mucosa (P=0.001). Mature (CD83), but not immature (CD1a), dendritic cells in normal tissue are also found clustered almost exclusively within lymphoid nodules (P=<0.0001). In rectal tumours, both CD3+ T cells (P=0.004) and CD83+ dendritic cells (P=0.0001) are also localized preferentially within tumour-associated lymphoid nodules. However, when comparing tumour specimens to normal rectal tissue, the average density of CD3+ T cells (P=0.0005) and CD83+ dendritic cells (P=0.0006) in tumour-associated lymphoid nodules was significantly less than that seen in lymphoid nodules in normal mucosa. Interestingly, regardless of where quantified, T cell and dendritic cell levels did not depend upon the stage of disease. Increased CD3+ T cell infiltration of tumour-associated lymphoid nodules predicted improved survival, independent of stage (P=0.05). Other T cell (CD25) markers and different levels of CD1a+ or CD83+ dendritic cells did not predict survival. Tumour-associated lymphoid nodules, enriched in dendritic cells and T cells, may be an important site for antigen presentation and increased T cell infiltration may be a marker for improved survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P W McMullen
- Division of General Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Lee N, Choi KW, Chan PKS, Hui DSC, Lui GCY, Wong BCK, Wong RYK, Sin WY, Hui WM, Ngai KLK, Cockram CS, Lai RWM, Sung JJY. Outcomes of adults hospitalised with severe influenza. Thorax 2010; 65:510-5. [PMID: 20522848 DOI: 10.1136/thx.2009.130799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate factors affecting clinical outcomes of adults hospitalised with severe seasonal influenza. METHODS A prospective, observational cohort study was conducted over 24 months (2007-2008) in two acute, general hospitals. Consecutive, hospitalised adult patients were recruited and followed once their laboratory diagnosis of influenza A/B was established (based on viral antigen detection and virus isolation from nasopharyngeal aspirates collected per protocol). Outcomes studied included in-hospital death, length of stay and duration of oxygen therapy. Factors affecting outcomes were analysed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. Sequencing analysis on the neuraminidase gene was performed for available H1N1 isolates. RESULTS 754 patients were studied (influenza A, n=539; >75% H3N2). Their mean age was 70+/-18 years; co-morbidities and serious complications were common (61-77%). Supplemental oxygen and ventilatory support was required in 401 (53.2%) and 41 (5.4%) patients, respectively. 39 (5.2%) patients died; pneumonia, respiratory failure and sepsis were the causes. 395 (52%) patients received antiviral (oseltamivir) treatment. Omission of antiviral treatment was associated with delayed presentation or negative antigen detection results. The mortality rate was 4.56 and 7.42 per 1000 patient-days in the treated and untreated patients, respectively; among those with co-morbidities, it was 5.62 and 11.64 per 1000 patient-days, respectively. In multivariate analysis, antiviral use was associated with reduced risk of death (adjusted HR (aHR) 0.27 (95% CI 0.13 to 0.55); p<0.001). Improved survival was observed with treatment started within 4 days from onset. Earlier hospital discharge (aHR 1.28 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.57); p=0.019) and faster discontinuation of oxygen therapy (aHR 1.30 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.69); p=0.043) was associated with early treatment within 2 days. Few (n=15) H1N1 isolates in this cohort had the H275Y mutation. CONCLUSIONS Antiviral treatment for severe influenza is associated with reduced mortality and improved clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lee
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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