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Molin AN, Contentin R, Angelozzi M, Karvande A, Kc R, Haseeb A, Voskamp C, de Charleroy C, Lefebvre V. Skeletal growth is enhanced by a shared role for SOX8 and SOX9 in promoting reserve chondrocyte commitment to columnar proliferation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2316969121. [PMID: 38346197 PMCID: PMC10895259 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2316969121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
SOX8 was linked in a genome-wide association study to human height heritability, but roles in chondrocytes for this close relative of the master chondrogenic transcription factor SOX9 remain unknown. We undertook here to fill this knowledge gap. High-throughput assays demonstrate expression of human SOX8 and mouse Sox8 in growth plate cartilage. In situ assays show that Sox8 is expressed at a similar level as Sox9 in reserve and early columnar chondrocytes and turned off when Sox9 expression peaks in late columnar and prehypertrophic chondrocytes. Sox8-/- mice and Sox8fl/flPrx1Cre and Sox9fl/+Prx1Cre mice (inactivation in limb skeletal cells) have a normal or near normal skeletal size. In contrast, juvenile and adult Sox8fl/flSox9fl/+Prx1Cre compound mutants exhibit a 15 to 20% shortening of long bones. Their growth plate reserve chondrocytes progress slowly toward the columnar stage, as witnessed by a delay in down-regulating Pthlh expression, in packing in columns and in elevating their proliferation rate. SOX8 or SOX9 overexpression in chondrocytes reveals not only that SOX8 can promote growth plate cell proliferation and differentiation, even upon inactivation of endogenous Sox9, but also that it is more efficient than SOX9, possibly due to greater protein stability. Altogether, these findings uncover a major role for SOX8 and SOX9 in promoting skeletal growth by stimulating commitment of growth plate reserve chondrocytes to actively proliferating columnar cells. Further, by showing that SOX8 is more chondrogenic than SOX9, they suggest that SOX8 could be preferred over SOX9 in therapies to promote cartilage formation or regeneration in developmental and degenerative cartilage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud N. Molin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Romain Contentin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Marco Angelozzi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Anirudha Karvande
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Ranjan Kc
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Abdul Haseeb
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Chantal Voskamp
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Charles de Charleroy
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Véronique Lefebvre
- Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA19104
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Haseeb A, Kc R, Angelozzi M, de Charleroy C, Rux D, Tower RJ, Yao L, Pellegrino da Silva R, Pacifici M, Qin L, Lefebvre V. SOX9 keeps growth plates and articular cartilage healthy by inhibiting chondrocyte dedifferentiation/osteoblastic redifferentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2019152118. [PMID: 33597301 PMCID: PMC7923381 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019152118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage is essential throughout vertebrate life. It starts developing in embryos when osteochondroprogenitor cells commit to chondrogenesis, activate a pancartilaginous program to form cartilaginous skeletal primordia, and also embrace a growth-plate program to drive skeletal growth or an articular program to build permanent joint cartilage. Various forms of cartilage malformation and degeneration diseases afflict humans, but underlying mechanisms are still incompletely understood and treatment options suboptimal. The transcription factor SOX9 is required for embryonic chondrogenesis, but its postnatal roles remain unclear, despite evidence that it is down-regulated in osteoarthritis and heterozygously inactivated in campomelic dysplasia, a severe skeletal dysplasia characterized postnatally by small stature and kyphoscoliosis. Using conditional knockout mice and high-throughput sequencing assays, we show here that SOX9 is required postnatally to prevent growth-plate closure and preosteoarthritic deterioration of articular cartilage. Its deficiency prompts growth-plate chondrocytes at all stages to swiftly reach a terminal/dedifferentiated stage marked by expression of chondrocyte-specific (Mgp) and progenitor-specific (Nt5e and Sox4) genes. Up-regulation of osteogenic genes (Runx2, Sp7, and Postn) and overt osteoblastogenesis quickly ensue. SOX9 deficiency does not perturb the articular program, except in load-bearing regions, where it also provokes chondrocyte-to-osteoblast conversion via a progenitor stage. Pathway analyses support roles for SOX9 in controlling TGFβ and BMP signaling activities during this cell lineage transition. Altogether, these findings deepen our current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that specifically ensure lifelong growth-plate and articular cartilage vigor by identifying osteogenic plasticity of growth-plate and articular chondrocytes and a SOX9-countered chondrocyte dedifferentiation/osteoblast redifferentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Haseeb
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Ranjan Kc
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Marco Angelozzi
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Charles de Charleroy
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Danielle Rux
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Robert J Tower
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Lutian Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | - Maurizio Pacifici
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Véronique Lefebvre
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104;
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Woo CY, Baek JY, Kim AR, Hong CH, Yoon JE, Kim HS, Yoo HJ, Park TS, Kc R, Lee KU, Koh EH. Inhibition of Ceramide Accumulation in Podocytes by Myriocin Prevents Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes Metab J 2020; 44:581-591. [PMID: 31701696 PMCID: PMC7453988 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2019.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ceramides are associated with metabolic complications including diabetic nephropathy in patients with diabetes. Recent studies have reported that podocytes play a pivotal role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Also, mitochondrial dysfunction is known to be an early event in podocyte injury. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that ceramide accumulation in podocytes induces mitochondrial damage through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in patients with diabetic nephropathy. METHODS We used Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. We fed the animals either a control- or a myriocin-containing diet to evaluate the effects of the ceramide. Also, we assessed the effects of ceramide on intracellular ROS generation and on podocyte autophagy in cultured podocytes. RESULTS OLETF rats and HFD-fed mice showed albuminuria, histologic features of diabetic nephropathy, and podocyte injury, whereas myriocin treatment effectively treated these abnormalities. Cultured podocytes exposed to agents predicted to be risk factors (high glucose, high free fatty acid, and angiotensin II in combination [GFA]) showed an increase in ceramide accumulation and ROS generation in podocyte mitochondria. Pretreatment with myriocin reversed GFA-induced mitochondrial ROS generation and prevented cell death. Myriocin-pretreated cells were protected from GFA-induced disruption of mitochondrial integrity. CONCLUSION We showed that mitochondrial ceramide accumulation may result in podocyte damage through ROS production. Therefore, this signaling pathway could become a pharmacological target to abate the development of diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Yun Woo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Baek
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ah Ram Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chung Hwan Hong
- Department of Medical Science and Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Yoon
- Department of Medical Science and Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoun Sik Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Yoo
- Department of Medical Science and Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Sik Park
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ranjan Kc
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Up Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hee Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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4
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Qiu S, Shi C, Anbazhagan AN, Das V, Arora V, Kc R, Li X, O-Sullivan I, van Wijnen A, Chintharlapalli S, Gott-Velis G, Richard R, Mwale F, Shibuya M, Min S, Im HJ. Absence of VEGFR-1/Flt-1 signaling pathway in mice results in insensitivity to discogenic low back pain in an established disc injury mouse model. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:5305-5317. [PMID: 31875985 PMCID: PMC9782756 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Although degenerative disc disease (DDD) and related low back pain (LBP) are growing public health problems, the underlying disease mechanisms remain unclear. An increase in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in DDD has been reported. This study aimed to examine the role of VEGF receptors (VEGFRs) in DDD, using a mouse model of DDD. Progressive DDD was induced by anterior stabbing of lumbar intervertebral discs in wild type (WT) and VEGFR-1 tyrosine-kinase deficient mice (vegfr-1TK-/- ). Pain assessments were performed weekly for 12 weeks. Histological and immunohistochemical assessments were made for discs, dorsal root ganglions, and spinal cord. Both vegfr-1TK-/- and WT mice presented with similar pathological changes in discs with an increased expression of inflammatory cytokines and matrix-degrading enzymes. Despite the similar pathological patterns, vegfr-1TK-/- mice showed insensitivity to pain compared with WT mice. This insensitivity to discogenic pain was related to lower levels of pain factors in the discs and peripheral sensory neurons and lower spinal glial activation in the vegfr-1TK- /- mice than in the WT mice. Exogenous stimulation of bovine disc cells with VEGF increased inflammatory and cartilage degrading enzyme. Silencing vegfr-1 by small-interfering-RNA decreased VEGF-induced expression of pain markers, while silencing vegfr-2 decreased VEGF-induced expression of inflammatory and metabolic markers without changing pain markers. This suggests the involvement of VEGFR-1 signaling specifically in pain transmission. Collectively, our results indicate that the VEGF signaling is involved in DDD. Particularly, VEGFR-1 is critical for discogenic LBP transmission independent of the degree of disc pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujun Qiu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changgui Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University of China, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Vaskar Das
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Vipin Arora
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ranjan Kc
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, United States
| | - InSug O-Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Andre van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, NM, United States
| | | | - Gina Gott-Velis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, United States
- Departments of Anesthesiology, the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), IL, United States
| | - Ripper Richard
- Departments of Anesthesiology, the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), IL, United States
| | - Fackson Mwale
- Orthopaedics Research Laboratory, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Masabumi Shibuya
- Institute of Physiology and Medicine, Jobu University, Takasaki, Gunma, Japan
| | - Shaoxiong Min
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, United States
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center (JBVAMC) at Chicago, IL, United States
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5
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Alaqeel M, Grant MP, Epure LM, Salem O, AlShaer A, Huk OL, Bergeron SG, Zukor DJ, Kc R, Im HJ, Anbazhagan AN, Antoniou J, Mwale F. Link N suppresses interleukin-1β-induced biological effects on human osteoarthritic cartilage. Eur Cell Mater 2020; 39:65-76. [PMID: 31939630 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v039a04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease of diarthrodial joints associated with extracellular matrix proteolytic degradation under inflammatory conditions, pain and disability. Currently, there is no therapy to prevent, reverse or modulate the disease course. The present study aimed at evaluating the regenerative potential of Link N (LN) in human OA cartilage in an inflammatory milieu and determining if LN could affect pain-related behaviour in a knee OA mouse injury model. Osteo-chondro OA explants and OA chondrocytes were treated with LN in the presence of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) to simulate an osteoarthritic environment. Quantitative von Frey polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were performed to determine the effect of LN on matrix protein synthesis, catabolic enzymes, cytokines and nerve growth factor expression. Partial medial meniscectomy (PMM) was performed on the knee of C57BL/6 mice and, 12 weeks post-surgery, mice were given a 5 µg intra-articular injection of LN or phosphate-buffered saline. A von Frey test was conducted over 24 h to measure the mechanical allodynia in the hind paw. LN modulated proteoglycan and collagen synthesis in human OA cartilage through inhibition of IL-1β-induced biological effects. LN also supressed IL-1β-induced upregulation of cartilage-degrading enzymes and inflammatory molecules in OA chondrocytes. Upon investigation of the canonical signalling pathways IL-1β and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), LN resulted to significantly inhibit NF-κB activation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, LN suppressed mechanical allodynia in an OA PMM mouse model. Results supported the concept that LN administration could provide therapeutic potential in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - F Mwale
- Orthopaedics Research Laboratory, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, Department of Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3755 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC, H3T 1E2,
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6
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Das V, Kc R, Li X, Varma D, Qiu S, Kroin JS, Forsyth CB, Keshavarzian A, van Wijnen AJ, Park TJ, Stein GS, O-Sullivan I, Burris TP, Im HJ. Corrigendum to "Pharmacological targeting of the mammalian clock reveals a novel analgesic for osteoarthritis-induced pain" [GENE 655 (2018) 1-12]. Gene 2019; 680:105. [PMID: 29890121 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vaskar Das
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ranjan Kc
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Disha Varma
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sujun Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jeffrey S Kroin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher B Forsyth
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Thomas J Park
- Department of Biological Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gary S Stein
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Insug O-Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thomas P Burris
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center (JBVAMC), Chicago, IL, USA.
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Das V, Kc R, Li X, Varma D, Qiu S, Kroin JS, Forsyth CB, Keshavarzian A, van Wijnen AJ, Park TJ, Stein GS, O-Sullivan I, Burris TP, Im HJ. Corrigendum to “Blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (Flt-1), reveals a novel analgesic for osteoarthritis-induced joint pain” [Gene Rep. 11 (2018) 94–100]. Gene Reports 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Shi C, Das V, Li X, Kc R, Qiu S, O-Sullivan I, Ripper RL, Kroin JS, Mwale F, Wallace AA, Zhu B, Zhao L, van Wijnen AJ, Ji M, Lu J, Votta-Velis G, Yuan W, Im HJ. Development of an in vivo mouse model of discogenic low back pain. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6589-6602. [PMID: 29150945 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Discogenic low back pain (DLBP) is extremely common and costly. Effective treatments are lacking due to DLBP's unknown pathogenesis. Currently, there are no in vivo mouse models of DLBP, which restricts research in this field. The aim of this study was to establish a reliable DLBP model in mouse that captures the pathological changes in the disc and allows longitudinal pain testing. The model was generated by puncturing the mouse lumbar discs (L4/5, L5/6, and L6/S1) and removing the nucleus pulposus using a microscalpel under the microscope. Histology, molecular pathways, and pain-related behaviors were examined. Over 12 weeks post-surgery, animals displayed the mechanical, heat, and cold hyperalgesia along with decreased burrowing and rearing. Histology showed progressive disc degeneration with loss of disc height, nucleus pulposus reduction, proteoglycan depletion, and annular fibrotic disorganization. Immunohistochemistry revealed a substantial increase in inflammatory mediators at 2 and 4 weeks. Nerve growth factor was upregulated from 2 weeks to the end of the experiment. Nerve fiber ingrowth was induced in the injured discs after 4 weeks. Disc-puncture also produced an upregulation of neuropeptides in dorsal root ganglia neurons and an activation of glial cells in the spinal cord dorsal horn. These findings indicate that the cellular and structural changes in discs, as well as peripheral and central nervous system plasticity, paralleled persistent, and robust behavioral pain responses. Therefore, this mouse DLBP model could be used to investigate mechanisms underlying discogenic pain, thereby facilitating effective drug screening and development of treatments for DLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changgui Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vaskar Das
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ranjan Kc
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sujun Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - InSug O-Sullivan
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, Illinois
| | - Richard L Ripper
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jeffrey S Kroin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Fackson Mwale
- Department of Surgery, McGill University and Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Atiyayein A Wallace
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Bingqian Zhu
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Science, The University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lan Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Mingliang Ji
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Southeast University Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Southeast University Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Gina Votta-Velis
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, Illinois
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center (JBVAMC), Chicago, Illinois
| | - Wen Yuan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center (JBVAMC), Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, Illinois
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9
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Bhandari A, Xia E, Wang Y, Sindan N, Kc R, Guan Y, Lin YL, Wang X, Zhang X, Wang O. Impact of sentinel lymph node biopsy in newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer patients with suspicious node: a comparative accuracy survey of fine-needle aspiration biopsy versus core-needle biopsy. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:1860-1873. [PMID: 30018726 PMCID: PMC6038083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Comparing diagnostic accuracy study between ultrasonography (US) guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and core-needle biopsy (CNB) of the Sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer patients. We selected 289 newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer patients from June 2015 to July 2017. Ultrasound (US) guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNA) and core-needle biopsy (CNB) was performed to identify patients with suspicious sentinel lymph node (SLN). Patients with a cortical thickness > 2 mm or atypical morphological characteristics were recommended FNA and CNB. Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) was applied to patients with biopsy-proven metastasis, and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was applied to FNA or CNB negative patients. ALND was also performed when SNB is positive. Out of 289 patients, only 131 patients met final study criteria. Lymph node status was evaluated by FNA, CNB, SLND, and ALND. Among 131 patients, 45 were deemed positive for metastasis and 86 were determined to be negative with CNB, whereas 38 were deemed positive for metastasis and 93 were determined to be negative by using FNAB. CNB was used to correctly identify seven axillae as positive for metastasis that were deemed negative by using FNAB. There were no positive FNAB results in axillae that were negative for metastasis with CNB. All patients underwent SLNB and those with biopsy-proved axillary metastases were assigned directly to ALND as the primary staging procedure. The final histopathologic assessment indicated that 50 (38.2%) of the 131 axillae studied had axillary LN metastases. Axillary US-guided CNB was used to correctly identify 45 (90.0%) of the 50 LN-positive axillae, whereas axillary US-guided FNAB was used to correctly identify 38 (76.0%, P < 0. 001). There were no false-positive results. CNB netted 5 false-negative results, and FNAB resulted in 12. There was significantly different accuracy between different diagnostic tools. In our study, we demonstrated that CNB is a more reliable approach than FNA for the preoperative diagnosis of SLN metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adheesh Bhandari
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Erjie Xia
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yinghao Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Namita Sindan
- Department of Reproductive Health Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ranjan Kc
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland ClinicOH 44120, USA
| | - Yaoyao Guan
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yueh-Lung Lin
- Mathematical Sciences, University of NottinghamNingbo 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiaoshang Wang
- School of International Studies, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ouchen Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
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10
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Das V, Kc R, Li X, O-Sullivan I, van Wijnen AJ, Kroin JS, Pytowski B, Applegate DT, Votta-Velis G, Ripper RL, Park TJ, Im HJ. Blockade of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 (Flt-1), Reveals a Novel Analgesic For Osteoarthritis-Induced Joint Pain. Gene Rep 2018; 11:94-100. [PMID: 30873504 DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful and debilitating disease. A striking feature of OA is the dramatic increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and in new blood vessel formation in the joints, both of which correlate with the severity of OA pain. Our aim was to determine whether anti-VEGF monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) - MF-1 (mAb to VEGFR1) and DC101 (mAb to VEGFR2) - can reduce OA pain and can do so by targeting VEGF signaling pathways such as Flt-1 (VEGFR1) and Flk-1 (VEGFR2). After IACUC approval, OA was induced by partial medial meniscectomy (PMM) in C57/BL6 mice (20 g). ln the first experiment, for validation of VEGFR1 in DRG, the mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was stimulated with NGF for 48 hours to find the relative gene induction for VEGFR1 vs. 18S by RT-PCR. In the second experiment, Biotin-conjugated VEGFA (1 µg/knee joint) was administered in the left knee joint of mice with advanced OA in order to characterization of VEGFR1 and VEGFR2. pVEGFR1/VEGFR2 was detected by immunostaining in DRGs. Finally, MF-1 and DC101 were administered in OA mice by both intrathecal (IT) and intraarticular (IA) injections, and the change in paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was measured. Retrograde transport of VEGF was confirmed for detection of pVEGFR1/VEGFR2 in the DRG. PMM surgery led to development of OA and mechanical allodynia, with reduced paw withdrawal thresholds (PWT) (P<0.0001). IT injection of MF-1 led to a reduction of allodynia in advanced OA, but injection of DC101 did not. IA injection of MF-1 or DC101 at one week after PMM injury did not reduce allodynia, but when injected in advanced OA mice joints at 12 weeks, both Mabs increased PWT an indicator of analgesia. Our data show that MF-1 (VEGR1 inhibition) decreases pain in advanced OA after IT or IA injection. Activation of MF-1 or DC101 may ameliorate OA-related joint pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaskar Das
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ranjan Kc
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - InSug O-Sullivan
- Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Illinois, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey S Kroin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bronislaw Pytowski
- Eli Lilly and Company, Alexandria Center for Life Sciences, New York, USA
| | - Daniel T Applegate
- Department of Biological Science, the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Illinois, USA
| | - Gina Votta-Velis
- Department of Anesthesiology, the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Illinois, USA
| | - Richard L Ripper
- Department of Anesthesiology, the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Illinois, USA
| | - Thomas J Park
- Department of Biological Science, the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Illinois, USA
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Bioengineering, the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Illinois, USA.,Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center (JBVAMC), Chicago, Illinois, USA
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11
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Das V, Kc R, Li X, Varma D, Qiu S, Kroin JS, Forsyth CB, Keshavarzian A, van Wijnen AJ, Park TJ, Stein GS, O-Sullivan I, Burris TP, Im HJ. Pharmacological targeting of the mammalian clock reveals a novel analgesic for osteoarthritis-induced pain. Gene 2018; 655:1-12. [PMID: 29474860 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Environmental disruption of the circadian rhythm is linked with increased pain due to osteoarthritis (OA). We aimed to characterize the role of the clock gene in OA-induced pain more systemically using both genetic and pharmacological approaches. Genetically modified mice, (bmal1f/fNav1.8CreERT mice), generated by deleting the critical clock gene, bmal1, from Nav1.8 sensory neurons, were resistant to the development of mechanical hyperalgesia associated with OA induced by partial medial meniscectomy (PMM) of the knee. In wild-type mice, induction of OA by PMM surgery led to a substantial increase in BMAL1 expression in DRG neurons. Interestingly, pharmacological activation of the REV-ERB (a negative regulator of bmal1 transcription) with SR9009 resulted in reduction of BMAL1 expression, and a significant decrease in mechanical hyperalgesia associated with OA. Cartilage degeneration was also significantly reduced in mice treated with the REV-ERB agonist SR9009. Based on these data, we also assessed the effect of pharmacological activation of REV-ERB using a model of environmental circadian disruption with its associated mechanical hyperalgesia, and noted that SR9009 was an effective analgesic in this model as well. Our data clearly demonstrate that genetic disruption of the molecular clock, via deletion of bmal1 in the sensory neurons of the DRG, decreases pain in a model of OA. Furthermore, pharmacological activation of REV-ERB leading to suppression of BMAL1 expression may be an effective method for treating OA-related pain, as well as to reduce joint damage associated with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaskar Das
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ranjan Kc
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Disha Varma
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sujun Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jeffrey S Kroin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher B Forsyth
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Thomas J Park
- Department of Biological Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gary S Stein
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Insug O-Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thomas P Burris
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center (JBVAMC), Chicago, IL, USA.
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12
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Kc A, Kc R, Sharma I. Diagnostic and Treatment Delays among the Tuberculosis Patients in the Urban Area of Western Nepal. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2018; 16:14-17. [PMID: 30631010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis is vital for health system to identify, treat patients as early as possible and to reduce frequency of new cases of a disease among the contacts of known cases. Objective To determine the diagnostic and treatment delay in the urban population of the western, Nepal and factors associated to it. Method An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted in urban area of Western Nepal. Category I 142 TB patients aged over 15 years visiting DOTs centre during period of three months were included in study. Interview schedule was designed to elicit information on socio- demographic characteristics and history of symptoms. Diagnostic and treatment delay was calculated, chi square test was applied to find associations and non - parametric tests (Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis H test) for evaluating group differences. Result Out of 142 TB clients, mean age was 38.12 years. Majority (58%) were males. Around 44% belong to upper, 30% middle and 26% lower economic class. Study showed median diagnostic delay 34 days (Q3 =68 Days, Q1 =19 Days), treatment delay less than a day (Q3 =1 Day, Q1 =0 Day) and total delay 33.50 days (Q3 =71 Days, Q1 =19 Days). Smear positive patients had significantly higher risk of diagnostic delay compared to negative (OR=2.18. P=0.035). However, no significant associations found between socio-economic/demographic classes with delay. Median delays was more amongst married (Q3 =86 Days, Median =72 days, Q1=24 Days compared to single/separated (Q3 =74 Days, Median =57 days, Q1 =15 Days) and other socio-demographic variables had no significant differences. Conclusion Delay in diagnosis and treatment in Urban region of Western, Nepal was shorter compared to other places in Nepal and neighboring countries. Shorter delay for smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis raises doubt that cases are not examined according to the national TB control programs manual.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kc
- School of Public Health, SRM University, Tamil Nadu 603 203, India
| | - R Kc
- School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Lekhnath-12, Kaski
| | - I Sharma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, Canada
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13
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Nagao M, Hamilton JL, Kc R, Berendsen AD, Duan X, Cheong CW, Li X, Im HJ, Olsen BR. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Cartilage Development and Osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13027. [PMID: 29026147 PMCID: PMC5638804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13417-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome wide studies indicate that vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) is associated with osteoarthritis (OA), and increased VEGF expression correlates with increased disease severity. VEGF is also a chondrocyte survival factor during development and essential for bone formation, skeletal growth and postnatal homeostasis. This raises questions of how the important embryonic and postnatal functions of VEGF can be reconciled with an apparently destructive role in OA. Addressing these questions, we find that VEGF acts as a survival factor in growth plate chondrocytes during development but only up until a few weeks after birth in mice. It is also required for postnatal differentiation of articular chondrocytes and the timely ossification of bones in joint regions. In surgically induced knee OA in mice, a model of post-traumatic OA in humans, increased expression of VEGF is associated with catabolic processes in chondrocytes and synovial cells. Conditional knock-down of Vegf attenuates induced OA. Intra-articular anti-VEGF antibodies suppress OA progression, reduce levels of phosphorylated VEGFR2 in articular chondrocytes and synovial cells and reduce levels of phosphorylated VEGFR1 in dorsal root ganglia. Finally, oral administration of the VEGFR2 kinase inhibitor Vandetanib attenuates OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Nagao
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine 2-1-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - John L Hamilton
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, 1735 W, Harrison Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Ranjan Kc
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, 1735 W, Harrison Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Agnes D Berendsen
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xuchen Duan
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Chan Wook Cheong
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, 1735 W, Harrison Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, 820S, Damen Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Bjorn R Olsen
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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14
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Ellman MB, Kim J, An HS, Chen D, Kc R, Li X, Xiao G, Yan D, Suh J, van Wijnen AJ, Wang JHC, Kim SG, Im HJ. Corrigendum to "Lactoferricin enhances BMP7-stimulated anabolic pathways in intervertebral disc cells" [Gene. 2013 Jul. 25; 524(2):282-91]. Gene 2017; 602:61. [PMID: 27354310 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Ellman
- Department of Biochemistry, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jaesung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Howard S An
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ranjan Kc
- Department of Biochemistry, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Dongyao Yan
- Department of Biochemistry, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Joon Suh
- Department of Biochemistry, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Departments of Orthopedic Surgery & Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - James H-C Wang
- MechanoBiology Laboratory, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Su-Gwan Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, GwangJu City 501-759, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Biochemistry, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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15
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Kc R, Li X, Kroin JS, Liu Z, Chen D, Xiao G, Levine B, Li J, Hamilton JL, van Wijnen AJ, Piel M, Shelly DA, Brass D, Kolb E, Im HJ. PKCδ null mutations in a mouse model of osteoarthritis alter osteoarthritic pain independently of joint pathology by augmenting NGF/TrkA-induced axonal outgrowth. Ann Rheum Dis 2016; 75:2133-2141. [PMID: 26783110 PMCID: PMC5136703 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-208444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A key clinical paradox in osteoarthritis (OA), a prevalent age-related joint disorder characterised by cartilage degeneration and debilitating pain, is that the severity of joint pain does not strictly correlate with radiographic and histological defects in joint tissues. Here, we determined whether protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ), a key mediator of cartilage degeneration, is critical to the mechanism by which OA develops from an asymptomatic joint-degenerative condition to a painful disease. METHODS OA was induced in 10-week-old PKCδ null (PKCδ-/-) and wild-type mice by destabilisation of the medial meniscus (DMM) followed by comprehensive examination of the histology, molecular pathways and knee-pain-related-behaviours in mice, and comparisons with human biopsies. RESULTS In the DMM model, the loss of PKCδ expression prevented cartilage degeneration but exacerbated OA-associated hyperalgesia. Cartilage preservation corresponded with reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines and of cartilage-degrading enzymes in the joints of PKCδ-deficient DMM mice. Hyperalgesia was associated with stimulation of nerve growth factor (NGF) by fibroblast-like synovial cells and with increased synovial angiogenesis. Results from tissue specimens of patients with symptomatic OA strikingly resembled our findings from the OA animal model. In PKCδ null mice, increases in sensory neuron distribution in knee OA synovium and activation of the NGF-tropomyosin receptor kinase (TrkA) axis in innervating dorsal root ganglia were highly correlated with knee OA hyperalgesia. CONCLUSIONS Increased distribution of synovial sensory neurons in the joints, and augmentation of NGF/TrkA signalling, causes OA hyperalgesia independently of cartilage preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Kc
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Kroin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biology and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, China
| | - Brett Levine
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jinyuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John L Hamilton
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery & Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Margaret Piel
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Ela Kolb
- Alomone Labs Ltd, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Rheumatology), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center at Chicago, Illinois, USA
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16
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Kc R, Srivastava A, Wilkowski JM, Richter CE, Shavit JA, Burke DT, Bielas SL. Detection of nucleotide-specific CRISPR/Cas9 modified alleles using multiplex ligation detection. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32048. [PMID: 27557703 PMCID: PMC4997339 DOI: 10.1038/srep32048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing has emerged as a powerful tool to create mutant alleles in model organisms. However, the precision with which these mutations are created has introduced a new set of complications for genotyping and colony management. Traditional gene-targeting approaches in many experimental organisms incorporated exogenous DNA and/or allele specific sequence that allow for genotyping strategies based on binary readout of PCR product amplification and size selection. In contrast, alleles created by non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) repair of double-stranded DNA breaks generated by Cas9 are much less amenable to such strategies. Here we describe a novel genotyping strategy that is cost effective, sequence specific and allows for accurate and efficient multiplexing of small insertion-deletions and single-nucleotide variants characteristic of CRISPR/Cas9 edited alleles. We show that ligation detection reaction (LDR) can be used to generate products that are sequence specific and uniquely detected by product size and/or fluorescent tags. The method works independently of the model organism and will be useful for colony management as mutant alleles differing by a few nucleotides become more prevalent in experimental animal colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kc
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - A Srivastava
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J M Wilkowski
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - C E Richter
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J A Shavit
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - D T Burke
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - S L Bielas
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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17
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Kc R, Li X, Forsyth CB, Voigt RM, Summa KC, Vitaterna MH, Tryniszewska B, Keshavarzian A, Turek FW, Meng QJ, Im HJ. Osteoarthritis-like pathologic changes in the knee joint induced by environmental disruption of circadian rhythms is potentiated by a high-fat diet. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16896. [PMID: 26584570 PMCID: PMC4653622 DOI: 10.1038/srep16896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of environmental factors contribute to progressive development of osteoarthritis (OA). Environmental factors that upset circadian rhythms have been linked to various diseases. Our recent work establishes chronic environmental circadian disruption - analogous to rotating shiftwork-associated disruption of circadian rhythms in humans - as a novel risk factor for the development of OA. Evidence suggests shift workers are prone to obesity and also show altered eating habits (i.e., increased preference for high-fat containing food). In the present study, we investigated the impact of chronic circadian rhythm disruption in combination with a high-fat diet (HFD) on progression of OA in a mouse model. Our study demonstrates that when mice with chronically circadian rhythms were fed a HFD, there was a significant proteoglycan (PG) loss and fibrillation in knee joint as well as increased activation of the expression of the catabolic mediators involved in cartilage homeostasis. Our results, for the first time, provide the evidence that environmental disruption of circadian rhythms plus HFD potentiate OA-like pathological changes in the mouse joints. Thus, our findings may open new perspectives on the interactions of chronic circadian rhythms disruption with diet in the development of OA and may have potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Kc
- Departments of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612
| | - Xin Li
- Departments of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612
| | - Christopher B Forsyth
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612
| | - Robin M Voigt
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612
| | - Keith C Summa
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Biology, Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208
| | - Martha Hotz Vitaterna
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Biology, Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208
| | - Beata Tryniszewska
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612.,Departments of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612.,Departments of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612.,Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Netherlands
| | - Fred W Turek
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Biology, Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208
| | - Qing-Jun Meng
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, M13 9PT
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Departments of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612.,Sections of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612.,Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center at Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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18
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Kc R, Voigt R, Li X, Forsyth CB, Ellman MB, Summa KC, Turek FW, Keshavarzian A, Kim JS, Im HJ. Induction of Osteoarthritis-like Pathologic Changes by Chronic Alcohol Consumption in an Experimental Mouse Model. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67:1678-80. [PMID: 25708245 DOI: 10.1002/art.39090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Kc
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Xin Li
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Michael B Ellman
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Panorama Orthopedics, Denver, CO
| | | | | | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,University of Illinois, Chicago, IL
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19
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Kc R, Li X, Voigt RM, Ellman MB, Summa KC, Vitaterna MH, Keshavarizian A, Turek FW, Meng QJ, Stein GS, van Wijnen AJ, Chen D, Forsyth CB, Im HJ. Environmental disruption of circadian rhythm predisposes mice to osteoarthritis-like changes in knee joint. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:2174-2183. [PMID: 25655021 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythm dysfunction is linked to many diseases, yet pathophysiological roles in articular cartilage homeostasis and degenerative joint disease including osteoarthritis (OA) remains to be investigated in vivo. Here, we tested whether environmental or genetic disruption of circadian homeostasis predisposes to OA-like pathological changes. Male mice were examined for circadian locomotor activity upon changes in the light:dark (LD) cycle or genetic disruption of circadian rhythms. Wild-type (WT) mice were maintained on a constant 12 h:12 h LD cycle (12:12 LD) or exposed to weekly 12 h phase shifts. Alternatively, male circadian mutant mice (Clock(Δ19) or Csnk1e(tau) mutants) were compared with age-matched WT littermates that were maintained on a constant 12:12 LD cycle. Disruption of circadian rhythms promoted osteoarthritic changes by suppressing proteoglycan accumulation, upregulating matrix-degrading enzymes and downregulating anabolic mediators in the mouse knee joint. Mechanistically, these effects involved activation of the PKCδ-ERK-RUNX2/NFκB and β-catenin signaling pathways, stimulation of MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5, as well as suppression of the anabolic mediators SOX9 and TIMP-3 in articular chondrocytes of phase-shifted mice. Genetic disruption of circadian homeostasis does not predispose to OA-like pathological changes in joints. Our results, for the first time, provide compelling in vivo evidence that environmental disruption of circadian rhythms is a risk factor for the development of OA-like pathological changes in the mouse knee joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Kc
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612
| | - Robin M Voigt
- Section of Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612
| | - Michael B Ellman
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612
| | - Keith C Summa
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Biology, Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208
| | - Martha Hotz Vitaterna
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Biology, Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208
| | - Ali Keshavarizian
- Section of Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612.,Section of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612.,Section of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612.,Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Netherlands
| | - Fred W Turek
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Biology, Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208
| | - Qing-Jun Meng
- Qing-Jun Meng, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, M13 9PT
| | - Gary S Stein
- Department of Biochemistry, Vermont Cancer Center for Basic and Translational Research, University of Vermont Medical School, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery & Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612
| | - Christopher B Forsyth
- Section of Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612.,Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612
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20
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Gu SX, Li X, Hamilton JL, Chee A, Kc R, Chen D, An HS, Kim JS, Oh CD, Ma YZ, van Wijnen AJ, Im HJ. MicroRNA-146a reduces IL-1 dependent inflammatory responses in the intervertebral disc. Gene 2014; 555:80-7. [PMID: 25311550 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Because miR-146a expression in articular chondrocytes is associated with osteoarthritis (OA), we assessed whether miR-146a is linked to cartilage degeneration in the spine. Monolayer cultures of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells from the intervertebral discs (IVD) of bovine tails were transfected with a miR-146a mimic. To provoke inflammatory responses and catabolic extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, cells were co-treated with interleukin-1 (IL-1). Transfection of miR-146a decreases IL-1 induced mRNA levels of inflammatory genes and catabolic proteases in NP cells based on quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. Similarly, miR146a suppresses IL-1 induced protein levels of matrix metalloproteinases and aggrecanases as revealed by immunoblotting. Disc segments from wild type (WT) and miR-146a knockout (KO) mice were cultured ex vivo in the presence or absence of IL-1 for 3days. Histological and immuno-histochemical (IHC) analyses of disc organ cultures revealed that IL-1 mediates changes in proteoglycan (PG) content and in-situ levels of catabolic proteins (MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5) in the nucleus pulposus of the disc. However, these IL-1 effects are more pronounced in miR-146a KO discs compared to WT discs. For example, absence of miR-146a increases the percentage of MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 positive cells after treatment with IL-1. Thus, miR-146a appears to protect against IL-1 induced IVD degeneration and inflammation. Stimulation of endogenous miR-146a expression or exogenous delivery of miRNA-146a are viable therapeutic strategies that may decelerate disc degeneration and regain a normal homeostatic balance in extracellular matrix production and turn-over.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Xi Gu
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, PLA309 Hospital, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - John L Hamilton
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ana Chee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ranjan Kc
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Howard S An
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jae-Sung Kim
- The Division of Natural Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-do Oh
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yuan-Zheng Ma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, PLA309 Hospital, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Internal Medicine Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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21
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Khatiwada S, Gelal B, Tamang MK, Kc R, Singh S, Lamsal M, Baral N. Iodized Salt Use and Salt Iodine Content among Household Salts from Six Districts of Eastern Nepal. J Nepal Health Res Counc 2014; 12:191-194. [PMID: 26032058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Universal salt iodization is considered the best strategy for controlling iodine deficiency disorders in Nepal. This study was done to find iodized salt use among Nepalese population and the iodine content of household salts. METHODS Six districts (Siraha, Saptari, Jhapa, Udayapur, Ilam and Panchthar) were chosen randomly from 16 districts of eastern Nepal for the study. In each district, three schools (private and government) were chosen randomly for sample collection. A total of 1803 salt samples were collected from schools of those districts. For sample collection a clean air tight plastic pouch was provided to each school child and was asked to bring approximately 15 gm of their kitchen salt. The information about type of salt used; 'two child logo' iodized salt or crystal salt was obtained from each child and salt iodine content was estimated using iodometric titration. RESULTS At the time of study, 85% (n=1533) of Nepalese households were found to use iodized salt whereas 15% (n=270) used crystal salt. The mean iodine content in iodized and crystal salt was 40.8±12.35 ppm and 18.43±11.49 ppm respectively. There was significant difference between iodized and crystal salts use and salt iodine content of iodized and crystal salt among different districts (p value <0.001 at confidence level of 95%). Of the total samples, only 169 samples (9.4% of samples) have iodine content<15 ppm. CONCLUSIONS Most Nepalese households have access to iodized salt most salt samples have sufficient iodine content.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Khatiwada
- Department of Pharmacy, Central Institute of Science and Technology College, Pokhara University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - B Gelal
- Department of Biochemistry, B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - M K Tamang
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Central Campus of Technology, Tribhuvan University, Dharan, Nepal
| | - R Kc
- Department of Biochemistry, B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - S Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - M Lamsal
- Department of Biochemistry, B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - N Baral
- Department of Biochemistry, B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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22
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Abstract
Assessment of pain in animal models of osteoarthritis is integral to interpretation of a model's utility in representing the clinical condition, and enabling accurate translational medicine. Here we describe behavioral pain assessments available for small and large experimental osteoarthritic pain animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey S Kroin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery & and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ranjan Kc
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Rheumatology), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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23
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Li X, Kroin JS, Kc R, Gibson G, Chen D, Corbett GT, Pahan K, Fayyaz S, Kim JS, van Wijnen AJ, Suh J, Kim SG, Im HJ. Altered spinal microRNA-146a and the microRNA-183 cluster contribute to osteoarthritic pain in knee joints. J Bone Miner Res 2013; 28:2512-22. [PMID: 23744481 PMCID: PMC4361038 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine whether altered expression of microRNAs in central nervous system components is pathologically linked to chronic knee joint pain in osteoarthritis. A surgical animal model for knee joint OA was generated by medial meniscus transection in rats followed by behavioral pain tests. Relationships between pathological changes in knee joint and development of chronic joint pain were examined by histology and imaging analyses. Alterations in microRNAs associated with OA-evoked pain sensation were determined in bilateral lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and the spinal dorsal horn by microRNA array followed by individual microRNA analyses. Gain- and loss-of-function studies of selected microRNAs (miR-146a and miR-183 cluster) were conducted to identify target pain mediators regulated by these selective microRNAs in glial cells. The ipsilateral hind leg displayed significantly increased hyperalgesia after 4 weeks of surgery, and sensitivity was sustained for the remainder of the 8-week experimental period (F = 341, p < 0.001). The development of OA-induced chronic pain was correlated with pathological changes in the knee joints as assessed by histological and imaging analyses. MicroRNA analyses showed that miR-146a and the miR-183 cluster were markedly reduced in the sensory neurons in DRG (L4/L5) and spinal cord from animals experiencing knee joint OA pain. The downregulation of miR-146a and/or the miR-183 cluster in the central compartments (DRG and spinal cord) are closely associated with the upregulation of inflammatory pain mediators. The corroboration between decreases in these signature microRNAs and their specific target pain mediators were further confirmed by gain- and loss-of-function analyses in glia, the major cellular component of the central nervous system (CNS). MicroRNA therapy using miR-146a and the miR-183 cluster could be powerful therapeutic intervention for OA in alleviating joint pain and concomitantly regenerating peripheral knee joint cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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24
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Yan D, Kc R, Chen D, Xiao G, Im HJ. Bovine lactoferricin-induced anti-inflammation is, in part, via up-regulation of interleukin-11 by secondary activation of STAT3 in human articular cartilage. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:31655-69. [PMID: 24036113 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.440420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine lactoferricin (LfcinB), a multifunctional peptide, was recently demonstrated to be anti-catabolic and anti-inflammatory in human articular cartilage. LfcinB blocks IL-1-mediated proteoglycan depletion, matrix-degrading enzyme expression, and pro-inflammatory mediator induction. LfcinB selectively activates ERK1/2, p38 (but not JNK), and Akt signaling. However, the relationship between these pathways and LfcinB target genes has never been explored. In this study, we uncovered the remarkable ability of LfcinB in the induction of an anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-11. LfcinB binds to cell surface heparan sulfate to initiate ERK1/2 signaling and activate AP-1 complexes composed of c-Fos and JunD, which transactivate the IL-11 gene. The induced IL-11 functions as an anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective cytokine in articular chondrocytes. Our data show that IL-11 directly attenuates IL-1-mediated catabolic and inflammatory processes ex vivo and in vitro. Moreover, IL-11 activates STAT3 signaling pathway to critically up-regulate TIMP-1 expression, as a consecutive secondary cellular response after IL-11 induction by LfcinB-ERK-AP-1 axis in human adult articular chondrocytes. The pathological relevance of IL-11 signaling to osteoarthritis is evidenced by significant down-regulation of its cognate receptor expression in osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Together, our results suggest a two-step mechanism, whereby LfcinB induces TIMP-1 through an IL-11-dependent pathway involving transcription factor AP-1 and STAT3.
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25
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Kim JS, Ellman MB, Yan D, An HS, Kc R, Li X, Chen D, Xiao G, Cs-Szabo G, Hoskin DW, Buechter DD, Van Wijnen AJ, Im HJ. Lactoferricin mediates anti-inflammatory and anti-catabolic effects via inhibition of IL-1 and LPS activity in the intervertebral disc. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:1884-96. [PMID: 23460134 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The catabolic cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) and endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are well-known inflammatory mediators involved in degenerative disc disease, and inhibitors of IL-1 and LPS may potentially be used to slow or prevent disc degeneration in vivo. Here, we elucidate the striking anti-catabolic and anti-inflammatory effects of bovine lactoferricin (LfcinB) in the intervertebral disc (IVD) via antagonism of both IL-1 and LPS-mediated catabolic activity using in vitro and ex vivo analyses. Specifically, we demonstrate the biological counteraction of LfcinB against IL-1 and LPS-mediated proteoglycan (PG) depletion, matrix-degrading enzyme production, and enzyme activity in long-term (alginate beads) and short-term (monolayer) culture models using bovine and human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. LfcinB significantly attenuates the IL-1 and LPS-mediated suppression of PG production and synthesis, and thus restores PG accumulation and pericellular matrix formation. Simultaneously, LfcinB antagonizes catabolic factor mediated induction of multiple cartilage-degrading enzymes, including MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and ADAMTS-5, in bovine NP cells at both mRNA and protein levels. LfcinB also suppresses the catabolic factor-induced stimulation of oxidative and inflammatory factors such as iNOS, IL-6, and toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) and TLR-4. Finally, the ability of LfcinB to antagonize IL-1 and LPS-mediated suppression of PG is upheld in an en bloc intradiscal microinjection model followed by ex vivo organ culture using both mouse and rabbit IVD tissue, suggesting a potential therapeutic benefit of LfcinB on degenerative disc disease in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sung Kim
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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26
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Kumal AB, Ghimire J, Mishra A, Joshi P, Risal P, Kc R. Health in Nepalese media. J Nepal Health Res Counc 2013; 11:149-152. [PMID: 24362603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coverage of health in Nepali print media is quite a recent phenomenon despite readers' ample appetite for it. Dominated by politics, Nepal's print media has been marginally publishing news pieces, features, editorials and op-ed articles, photographs and cartoons on health, though marginally. But the media did not wake up to the issues of human resources for health until lately. METHODS We content analysed the coverage of health issues including, human resources for health in select Nepali print media Kantipur, Nagarik and Annapurna Post of select three months in 2012 April, August and December. News pieces and their placements, Op-eds, editorials, features, letters to the editor, photos and cartoons were subjected to analysis. RESULTS Over the study period, the papers covered 544 health news pieces, 44% of political news pieces. Health workforce news pieces contributed 24% to it. However, only 10% of the health news made to the front pages. Coverage of health in editorials, features, Op-eds, photographs, cartoons and letters to the editor is even more meager. For example, only 7% of the editorials are relating to health. CONCLUSIONS Health is prioritized far less by the print media than politics despite the reader's appetite for it. Print media should give health a top priority, particularly in those areas that relate to health systems like human resources for health, for their massive impact on the lives of the people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - R Kc
- Britain Nepal Medical Trust
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27
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Ellman MB, Kim J, An HS, Chen D, Kc R, Li X, Xiao G, Yan D, Suh J, van Wijnen AJ, Wang JHC, Kim SG, Im HJ. Lactoferricin enhances BMP7-stimulated anabolic pathways in intervertebral disc cells. Gene 2013; 524:282-91. [PMID: 23644135 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone-morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7) is a well-known anabolic and anti-catabolic growth factor on intervertebral disc (IVD) matrix and cell homeostasis. Similarly, Lactoferricin B (LfcinB) has recently been shown to have pro-anabolic, anti-catabolic, anti-oxidative and/or anti-inflammatory effects in bovine disc cells in vitro. In this study, we investigated the potential benefits of using combined peptide therapy with LfcinB and BMP7 for intervertebral disc matrix repair and to understand cellular and signaling mechanisms controlled by these factors. We studied the effects of BMP7 and LfcinB as individual treatments and combined therapy on bovine nucleus pulposus (NP) cells by assessing proteoglycan (PG) accumulation and synthesis, and the gene expression of matrix protein aggrecan and transcription factor SOX-9. We also analyzed the role of Noggin, a BMP antagonist, in IVD tissue and examined its effect after stimulation with LfcinB. To understand the molecular mechanisms by which LfcinB synergizes with BMP7, we investigated the ERK-SP1 axis as a downstream intracellular signaling regulator involved in BMP7 and LfcinB-mediated activities. Treatment of bovine NP cells cultured in alginate with LfcinB plus BMP7 synergistically stimulates PG synthesis and accumulation in part by upregulation of aggrecan gene expression. The synergism results from LfcinB-mediated activation of Sp1 and SMAD signaling pathways by (i) phosphorylation of SMAD 1/5/8; (ii) downregulation of SMAD inhibitory factors [i.e., noggin and SMAD6 (inhibitory SMAD)]; and (iii) upregulation of SMAD4 (universal co-SMAD). These data indicate that LfcinB-suppression of Noggin may eliminate the negative feedback of BMP7, thereby maximizing biological activity of BMP7 and ultimately shifting homeostasis to a pro-anabolic state in disc cells. We propose that combination growth factor therapy using BMP7 and LfcinB may be beneficial for treatment of disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Ellman
- Department of Biochemistry, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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28
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Im HJ, Li X, Chen D, Yan D, Kim J, Ellman MB, Stein GS, Cole B, Kc R, Cs-Szabo G, van Wijnen AJ. Biological effects of the plant-derived polyphenol resveratrol in human articular cartilage and chondrosarcoma cells. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:3488-97. [PMID: 22252971 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The natural phytoestrogen resveratrol (RSV) may have therapeutic potential for arthritic conditions. RSV is chondroprotective for articular cartilage in rabbit models for arthritis, but its biological effects on human articular cartilage and chondrosarcoma cells are unknown. Effects of RSV on human articular cartilage homeostasis were studied by assessing production of matrix-degrading enzymes (MMP-13, ADAMTS4, and ADAMTS5), as well as proteoglycan production and synthesis. The counteractions of RSV against catabolic factors (e.g., FGF-2 or IL-1β) were examined by in vitro and ex vivo using monolayer, three-dimensional alginate beads and cartilage explants cultures, respectively. RSV improves cell viability of articular chondrocytes and effectively antagonizes cartilage-degrading protease production that was initiated by catabolic and/or anti-anabolic cytokines in human articular chondrocytes. RSV significantly also enhances BMP7-promoted proteoglycan synthesis as assessed by (35) S-sulfate incorporation. Protein-DNA interaction arrays suggest that RSV inhibits the activation of transcription factors involved in inflammation and cartilage catabolic signaling pathways, including direct downstream regulators of MAPK (e.g., AP-1, PEA3) and NFκB. RSV selectively compromises survival of human chondrosarcoma cells, but not primary articular chondrocytes, revealing cell-specific activity of RSV on non-tumorigenic versus tumor-derived cells. We propose that RSV exerts its chondroprotective functions, in part, by deactivating p53-induced apoptosis in human primary chondrocytes, but not human chondrosarcoma. Our findings suggest that RSV has potential as a unique biologic treatment for both prevention and treatment of cartilage degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
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