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Comparative fecal steroid profile during pregnancy, parturition, and lactation between natural fertilization and embryo transfer in ocelots (Leopardus pardalis). Theriogenology 2022; 182:26-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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2
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Efeito da adição de glutationa na função e estresse oxidativo em sêmen ovino criopreservado. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 2013. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.v49i4p262-268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Análise espermática de perdizes (Rhynchotus rufescens) criadas em cativeiro e suplementadas com selênio. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.11606/s1413-95962011000500003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerando a importância comercial da perdiz (Rhynchotus rufescens), implantaram-se algumas biotecnologias reprodutivas. Trinta animais, provenientes da FCAV-UNESP/Jaboticabal (2007-2008), foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em grupos: controle (sem selênio orgânico) e tratamento (com 0,2 a 0,8 mg de selênio em 1000 kg de ração ). Coletou-se sêmen por excitação manual, que foi aliquotado em pools com 150 µL. Mensuraram-se volume, motilidade, vigor, número de espermatozoides, concentração e morfologia espermáticas. Diluíram-se 20 µl de sêmen em 300 µl de solução fisiológica para testes complementares (Integridade das membranas acrossomal e plasmática). Contaram-se 200 células, por teste, e classificaram-nas: 1) Acrossomo Íntegro: cor lilás e Não-Íntegro: róseo; 2) Células Vivas (não coradas) e Mortas (coradas). Os dados foram analisados pelo SAS, System for Windows. Os resultados dos pools com e sem selênio foram: as variáveis volume, motilidade, vigor, número de espermatozoides, concentração, integridade acrossomal e integridade da membrana plasmática não apresentaram resultados significantes, porém encontrou-se uma menor porcentagem de espermatozoides com peça intermediária fortemente dobrada, nos animais tratados com selênio em relação aos não tratados (1,33 ± 0,53 vs. 3,78 ± 0,69, respectivamente; p = 0.0107). De fato, sabe-se que o selênio tem papel importante na estrutura dos espermatozoides20. A deficiência de selênio está associada com danos na arquitetura da peça intermediária do espermatozóide10.
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Effects of vitamins A, D3, E, and C on the characteristics of bull semen. ZENTRALBLATT FUR VETERINARMEDIZIN. REIHE A 2010; 28:538-46. [PMID: 6282009 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.1981.tb01224.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Reproductive characteristics of captive greater rhea (Rhea americana) males reared in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2010000100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Validação de conjuntos diagnósticos comerciais para dosagem sérica de progesterona e estradiol em jaguatirica (Leopardus pardalis) e gato-do-matopequeno (Leopardus tigrinus). BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 2009. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2009.26772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Este estudo teve como objetivo validar os conjuntos diagnósticos comerciais DPC (Coat-A-Count - Diagnostic Products Corporation/USA), em fase sólida, para dosagem de progesterona e DSL (Diagnostic System Laboratories INC/USA), em fase líquida, para dosagem de estradiol, por radioimunoensaio, em soro de Leopardus pardalis (n=5) e Leopardus tigrinus (n=4),antes (15-30 dias) e após (24-28 horas) tratamento com gonadotropinas exógenas (hCG/ Novormon® e eCG/ Vetecor®; pFSH/Folltropin-V® e pLH/Lutropin-V®). A concentração sérica para Leopardus pardalis variou 0,005 a 0,151ng/ml para estradiol e 0,15-37,22ng/ml para progesterona. A concentração sérica para Leopardus tigrinus variou 0,012-0,147ng/ml para estradiol e 0,06-34,09ng/ml para progesterona. A sensibilidade mínima detectada foi 0,004 ng/ml para progesterona e 0,00014ng/ml para estradiol. Para progesterona o coeficiente intra-ensaio baixo foi 2,58% e alto 6,36%, já o coeficiente inter-ensaio baixo foi 0,67% e alto 5,55%. Para o estradiol o coeficiente intra-ensaio baixo foi 0,69% e alto 4,15%, sendo o coeficiente inter-ensaio baixo 1,40% e alto 3,00%. Paralelismo foi encontrado para progesterona e conjunto comercial DPC com r = 0,96 para Leopardus pardalis e r = 0,99 para Leopardus tigrinus. Para estradiol em conjunto comercial DSL paralelismo foi encontrado com r = 0,98 para Leopardus pardalis e com r = 0,99 para Leopardus tigrinus. Com estes resultados podemos concluir que o conjunto diagnóstico comercial DPC para dosagem de progesterona e DSL para dosagem de estradiol foram validados para utilização em soro de Leopardus pardalis e Leopardus tigrinus, podendo ser utilizado como ferramenta no manejo reprodutivo destas espécies visando à conservação.
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Comparação de método para análise de metabólitos fecais de glicocorticóides em jaguatiricas (Leopardus pardalis) submetidas a tratamento hormonal e vídeo-laparoscopia. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 2007. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2007.26611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dois metódos de extração de metabólitos fecais32,33 e dois conjuntos comerciais ("ImmuChem Doubly Antibody Corticosterone 125I RIA"- ICN Biomedicals e "Coat-a-count Cortisol 125I RIE" - DPC) foram utilizados na mensuração dos metabólitos de glicocorticóides (cortisol e corticosterona) em amostras de fezes de jaguatiricas (Leopardus pardalis) (n=3), antes e após tratamento hormonal e procedimentos de vídeo-laparoscopia. O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar e validar fisiologicamente os diferentes protocolos de extração e diferentes conjuntos comerciais na mensuração hormonal. Não houve diferença significativa com relação ao método de extração dos metabólitos. O conjunto comercial ICN Biomedicals provou ser melhor na detecção de metabólitos fecais de glicocorticóides em jaguatiricas.
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Effects of dexamethasone treatment (to mimic stress) and Vitamin E oral supplementation on the spermiogram and on seminal plasma spontaneous lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in dogs. Theriogenology 2006; 66:1610-4. [PMID: 16581116 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to determine if treatment with dexamethasone (to mimic stress) has a deleterious effect on the spermiogram and on the composition of seminal plasma in the dog and whether adverse effects were reduced by oral supplementation with Vitamin E. Eighteen adult male Rottweiler dogs were randomly allocated in a 2 x 2 factorial treatment design (with or without dexamethasone treatment versus with or without Vitamin E supplementation). Dogs in the supplemented group received 500 mg of alpha-tocopherol (Vitamin E)/dog/day per os for 10 weeks. Dexamethasone (0.01 mg/kg/day i.m.) was given once daily for 7 days, starting 7 days after the onset of Vitamin E supplementation. Food intake, body condition score and body weight were assessed daily. Semen collections (digital manipulation) were performed twice weekly for 14 weeks and blood samples (for plasma concentrations of cortisol and testosterone) were collected once a week. Dexamethasone treatment significantly reduced ejaculate volume and increased thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in the seminal plasma. In contrast, supplementation with Vitamin E increased sperm motility, vigor and concentration and decreased the percentage of major sperm defects. In conclusion, dexamethasone treatment (to mimic stress) had a deleterious effect on the spermiogram and on the seminal plasma lipid peroxidation in dogs; however, some of these effects were prevented by oral supplementation with Vitamin E.
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Ovarian response to repeated administration of alternating exogenous gonadotropin regimens in the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and tigrinus (Leopardus tigrinus). Theriogenology 2006; 66:1787-9. [PMID: 16472853 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous gonadotropins are used to stimulate ovarian follicular growth and ovulation in mammalian species, including wild cats. However, successes in application of assisted reproduction techniques in nondomestic felids have been sparse. Our objectives were to assess the effectiveness of alternating gonadotropin regimens on ovarian responses. Five adult female ocelots and four adult female tigrinus were treated four to six times, using alternating eCG/hCG and pFSH/pLH at 4-month intervals. Laparoscopies were done to assess follicular development and to collect oocytes from matures follicles. The average number of follicles and corpus luteum (CL) per stimulation was higher in ocelots (7.0 +/- 0.8; mean +/- S.E.M.) than in tigrinus (2.5 +/- 0.4; P < 0.05), but the percentage of mature oocytes did not differ between the two species (mean range, 54-55%). Within species, both gonadotropin regimens were equally effective in inducing follicular growth and oocyte maturation. The total number of ovarian structures and oocyte maturation percentages did not decrease in either species with sequential stimulations. In summary, female ocelots and tigrinus continued to respond to repeated alternating ovarian stimulation protocols. In conclusion, the use of alternating gonadotropin regimens may permit more intensive reproductive management in these endangered cats.
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Seasonal variation in semen quality in Bos indicus and Bos taurus bulls raised under tropical conditions. Theriogenology 2006; 66:822-8. [PMID: 16529802 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2005] [Accepted: 01/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that Bos taurus taurus bulls have greater reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lower activity of antioxidant enzymes in their semen than Bos taurus indicus bulls. Sixteen Simmental bulls (B. t. taurus) and 11 Nelore bulls (B. t. indicus) were managed extensively in a tropical environment. Semen was collected twice annually (summer and winter) for 2 consecutive years. Simmental bulls had significantly higher percentages of major sperm defects during the summer than the winter (20.3+/-3.1% versus 12.2+/-2.4%, respectively; mean+/-S.E.M.). There was an interaction of breed and season for minor sperm defects (P=0.037; highest in Nelore bulls in the summer) and an effect of season on total defects (P=0.066; higher in summer). To evaluate oxidative damage, malondialdehyde (lipid-peroxidation metabolite) concentrations were indirectly measured by semen concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS); these were higher in summer than in winter (728.1+/-79.3ng/mL versus 423.8+/-72.6ng/mL, respectively; P=0.01). Glutathione peroxidase/redutase (GPx) activity in semen was higher in Simmental versus Nelore bulls (741.6+/-62.1 versus 510.2+/-62.8; P<0.01). However, superoxide dismutase (SOD), another antioxidant enzyme, was not significantly affected by breed or season. There were correlations between TBARS and sperm primary defects during the summer for both Simmental and Nelore bulls (r=0.59, P=0.021 and r=0.40, P=0.034, respectively), and between SOD and primary defects during summer for Simmental bulls only (r=-0.51, P=0.041). In conclusion, there was a higher level of lipid peroxidation (ROS) in semen of Simmental versus Nelore bulls; apparently the higher GPx activity in Simmental bulls was insufficient to avoid damage that occurred concurrent with increased ROS production during the summer.
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Efeito do intervalo inseminação-ovulação induzida sobre a taxa de fecundação, viabilidade embrionária e número de espermatozóides acessórios em porcas. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 2006. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2006.26258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
O intervalo ideal entre a AI e ovulação (OV) não está bem determinado ainda, variando entre 12 a 28 h antes até 4 h depois da ovulação. A utilização de gonadotrofinas para sincronizar ovulação permitiria a pré-determinação do tamanho dos grupos, de acordo com os intervalos IA-OV, e possibilitaria determinar um intervalo seguro entre IA-OV. 120 porcas receberam 7.5 mg IM de Luprostiol, entre os dias 12 e 17 do ciclo estral, 600 IU de eCG IM 24 h após o Luprostiol e 5.0 mg de LH IM 72 h após a injeção de eCG. O momento de ovulação foi diagnosticado pela ultra-sonografia trans-retal a intervalos de 6 h. Definiu-se 5 tratamentos de acordo com o intervalo IA-OV: T1 - 48 a 36 h antes da OV; T2 - 36 a 24 h antes da OV; T3 - 24 a 12 h antes da OV; T4 - 12 a 0 h antes da OV e T5 - 0 a 12 h após a OV. O abate ocorreu 96.7±11.37 h após a OV. A taxa de recuperação (RR), número de lutea de corpos (NC), número total de estruturas (ST), taxa de fecundação (FR), viabilidade embrionária (EV) e número de espermatozóides acessórios (AS) foram analisados. O protocolo de sincronização mostrou uma distribuição homogênea dos animais entre os tratamentos (intervalo LH-OV de 39.22±7.6h), e não influenciou os resultados. A FR e os resultados de EV sugerem que 36 h seja o tempo de viabilidade do espermatozóide trato genital da porca. Houve um forte declínio do AS entre T3 e T4.
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Ovarian and immunological responses to alternating exogenous gonadotropin regimens in the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and tigrina (Leopardus tigrinus). Zoo Biol 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/zoo.20049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Changes in the fecal concentrations of cortisol and androgen metabolites in captive male jaguars (Panthera onca) in response to stress. Braz J Med Biol Res 2004; 37:1903-7. [PMID: 15558198 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2004001200017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study we determined the efficacy of the measurement of fecal cortisol and androgen metabolite concentrations to monitor adrenal and testicular activity in the jaguar (Panthera onca). Three captive male jaguars were chemically restrained and electroejaculated once or twice within a period of two months. Fecal samples were collected daily for 5 days before and 5 days after the procedure and stored at -20 degrees C until extraction. Variations in the concentrations of cortisol and androgen metabolites before and after the procedure were determined by solid phase cortisol and testosterone radioimmunoassay and feces dry weight was determined by drying at 37 degrees C for 24 h under vacuum. On four occasions, fecal cortisol metabolite levels were elevated above baseline (307.8 +/- 17.5 ng/g dry feces) in the first fecal sample collected after the procedure (100 to 350% above baseline). On one occasion, we did not detect any variation. Mean (+/- SEM) fecal androgen concentration did not change after chemical restraint and electroejaculation (before: 131.1 +/- 26.7, after: 213.7 +/- 43.6 ng/g dry feces). These data show that determination of fecal cortisol and androgen metabolites can be very useful for a noninvasive assessment of animal well-being and as a complement to behavioral, physiological, and pathological studies. It can also be useful for the study of the relationship between adrenal activity and reproductive performance in the jaguar.
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Collection and evaluation of semen from captive howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya). Theriogenology 2004; 62:131-8. [PMID: 15159108 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2003.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2003] [Accepted: 08/20/2003] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Semen samples (n=58) were collected by electroejaculation from nine adult male howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya) between November 2000 and August 2001 at the National Primates Center, Ananindeua, Brazil. The ejaculates were free of coagulum. Mean (+/-S.D.) values were: volume, 0.09 +/- 0.05 ml; pH, 8.1 +/- 0.5; concentration 649.5 +/- 926.7 x 10(6) sperm/ml; progressive motility, 75.8 +/- 18.1%; forward progressive sperm motility (scale, 0-5), 3.5 +/- 1.0; live spermatozoa, 68.3 +/- 15.0%; primary defects, 9.6 +/- 4.5%; and secondary defects, 11.8 +/- 4.6%. There were high correlations between motility and live sperm (r = 0.91, P < 0.01), motility and forward progressive sperm motility (r = 0.84, P < 0.01) and between forward progressive sperm motility and live sperm (r = 0.78, P < 0.01). There were no alterations observed during clinical examinations and hematological analysis performed before and after semen collection. Therefore, the method was considered safe and efficient. It can be used for the evaluation of the breeding potential of male howler monkeys in captivity and for the establishment of new assisted reproductive technology (ART) for threatened species of neotropical primates.
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Seasonal variation in the endocrine–testicular function of captive jaguars (Panthera onca). Theriogenology 2004; 61:1273-81. [PMID: 15036961 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2003.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2002] [Accepted: 07/15/2003] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Captive adult male jaguars (Panthera onca) from two locations in southeast Brazil were studied to evaluate the effects of season on endocrine and testicular function. For assessment of testicular steroidogenic activity, androgen metabolite concentrations were measured in fecal samples collected one to three times per week over 14 ( n=14 ), 9 ( n=1 ) or 7 months ( n=1 ). To assess seasonality, data were grouped by season (summer: December-February; autumn: March-May; winter: June-August; spring: September-November). Additionally, samples collected in the dry season (March-August) were compared with those collected in the wet season (September-February). There were no differences ( P>0.05 ) in fecal androgen concentrations in samples collected in spring, summer, autumn, and winter ( 480.8+/-50.4 ng/g, 486.4+/-42.0 ng/g, 335.4+/-37.7 ng/g, and 418.6+/-40.4 ng/g dry feces). However, there were differences ( P<0.05 ) in fecal androgen concentrations between the dry and wet seasons ( 380.5+/-28.0 ng/g versus 483.9+/-32.3 ng/g dry feces). Sperm samples, collected from all males twice (approximately 6 months apart) were similar; mean (+/-S.E.M.) motility, concentration and morphology were 57.0 %4.5%, 6.3+/-2.4 x 10(6) ml(-1), and 60.8+/-3.1 %, respectively. In conclusion, androgen metabolite concentrations in the captive male jaguar were not affected by season, but there was a difference between the wet and dry periods. Further research is needed to verify these results.
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Evaluation of synchronization of ovulation for fixed timed insemination in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 2003. [DOI: 10.1590/s1413-95962003000600007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Seasonal variation in the testicular volume of capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) in captivity. Folia Primatol (Basel) 2003; 74:54-6. [PMID: 12606852 DOI: 10.1159/000068394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2002] [Accepted: 09/16/2002] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The study of the reproductive strategy developed by different species in order to adapt to their environmental conditions and their meaning in an evolutionary perspective is essential for understanding the mechanisms involved in the process of reproduction. Non-human primates are very interesting models for this purpose. Some species show a typical seasonal reproductive pattern, such as rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) [Sade, 1964; Conaway and Sade, 1965] and ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) [Zuckerman, 1953], while others, such as gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) [Puschmann, 1975], show relative independence of the environment. Neotropical primates display many different breeding strategies. Female capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella), for instance, having reached puberty, have fertile cycles year-round [Hamlett, 1939; Nagle and Denari, 1983]. Interestingly, there are reports of a clear peak of births in free-living [Hamlett, 1939] and captive colonies [Welker et al., 1983] in the dry season, i.e. May-June in the southern hemisphere. Some authors suggest that a seasonal variation in spermatogenesis could explain the birth peak [Freese and Oppenheimer, 1981]. The aim of this study was to investigate this theory, measuring seasonal variation in total testicular volume in a captive group of male capuchin monkeys and assessing its temporal correlation with the birth season as an indirect indication of variation in male fertility.
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Citologia aspirativa por agulha fina (CAAF), em testículo de onça pintada (Panthera onca), utilizada como ferramenta no diagnóstico de infertilidade. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 2003. [DOI: 10.1590/s1413-95962003000200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Analysis of some normal parameters of the spermiogram of captive capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella Linnaeus, 1758 ). BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 2002. [DOI: 10.1590/s1413-95962002000600010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Serum cortisol, lactate and creatinine concentrations in Thoroughbred fillies of different ages and states of training. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 2002. [DOI: 10.1590/s1413-95962002000100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Biometria testicular de touros Nelore (Bos taurus indicus) e touros cruzados Nelore-europeu (Bos taurus indicus x Bos taurus taurus) aos 20 e 24 meses de idade. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 2002. [DOI: 10.1590/s1413-95962002000300001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Comparative analyses of semen and endocrine characteristics of free-living versus captive jaguars (Panthera onca). Reproduction 2001; 122:745-51. [PMID: 11690535 DOI: 10.1530/rep.0.1220745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Semen and blood samples were obtained from free-living (n = 6) and captive (n = 8) jaguars (Panthera onca) to compare reproductive characteristics between the two populations. Semen samples were analysed for volume (ml), percentage of motile spermatozoa, rate of forward progression (0-5), concentration (10(6) ml(-1)), total sperm count (10(6)) and sperm morphology. Serum testosterone concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay. Although ejaculate volume was greater in captive jaguars (n = 47 samples) than in free-living jaguars (n = 7 samples) (P < 0.05), the free-living jaguars produced more total spermatozoa (59.3 +/- 12.8 versus 152.0 +/- 88.0 x 10(6), respectively; not significant) with better viability and forward progression (2.8 +/- 0.1 versus 3.5 +/- 0.2, respectively; P < 0.05) and more spermatozoa with normal morphology (73.5 +/- 3.9 versus 5.0 +/- 1.1%, respectively; P < 0.05). Serum testosterone concentrations were similar for captive and free-living male jaguars (3.1 +/- 0.7 and 2.1 +/- 0.8 ng ml(-1), respectively). In summary, the data showed that semen may be collected successfully from free-living jaguars and evaluated under field conditions to establish normative reproductive values in this species. The results also indicate that jaguars maintained in zoos show inferior seminal characteristics compared with free-living animals.
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Pre-parturition profile of steroids and prostaglandin in cows with or without foetal membrane retention. Anim Reprod Sci 2001; 67:181-8. [PMID: 11530264 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4320(01)00119-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Retained foetal membranes in cattle is one of the most common complications associated to the reduction in milk yield and impaired fertility in dairy cattle. In order to determine some endocrine mechanisms controlling parturition and delivery of foetal membranes, plasma concentrations of steroids and prostanoids were determined in 20 healthy Holstein cows. Samples were taken within the interval of 5 days pre-parturition to 12h after calving. Progesterone (P4) levels were similar in cows with (PR) and without (NPR) placental retention. While the estradiol-17beta (E2) peak at parturition was lower in PR than in NPR cows, cortisol levels were greater in PR cows 12 and 24h pre-parturition. The Prostaglandin F2alpha metabolite (PGFM) levels were higher at parturition in NPR compared with the PR group, but 12h later, these levels in the PR group increased so that concentrations were greater as compared with NPR cows. The Prostaglandin E2 metabolite (PGEM), 24, 48 and 72 h pre-parturition, were higher in PR cows. However, the PGFM:PGEM ratio was greater in cows up NPR at all time when included, indicating the importance of higher levels of Prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) than Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) for normal placental delivery. In conclusion, placental retention was related to both estrogen and PGF2alpha deficiency, which may be a consequence of metabolic stress leading to PGE2 and maternal cortisol synthesis before parturition.
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Plasma concentrations of estradiol 17beta and PGF2alpha metabolite and placental fatty acid composition and antioxidant enzyme activity in cows with and without retained fetal membranes. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2001; 65:117-24. [PMID: 11403498 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-6980(01)00123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fetal membrane retention is one of the most common problems in Holstein cattle after parturition. To investigate mechanisms involved, the following parameters were studied in the peri-parturition period: plasmatic concentrations of estradiol-17beta (E2) and PGFM (PGF2alpha metabolite), activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase-SOD, catalase-CAT and glutathione peroxidase-GSH-Px), thiobarbituric acid reagent substances (TBAR) concentrations and fatty acid composition of the placentae. E2 at parturition in the NPR group (control cows, n = 10) was higher than in PR cows (placental retention, n = 10) (P < 0.05). Activity of SOD in fetal tissue of NPR animals was higher than that of the PR group. In contrast, there was no difference between the two groups in activity of GSH-Px and CAT and the TBAR content of placental tissues. PR maternal tissues had proportionally more arachidonic and linoleic acid than tissues from NPR cows. Therefore, a complex of sequential events may cause placenta retention, starting with an unbalance of antioxidant capacity of the placenta, followed by a decrease in production of estrogen, which leads to the accumulation of arachidonic and linoleic acid in placental tissues.
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Abstract
Thoroughbred fillies were divided into three groups according to age: group 1, 7 fillies aged 1 to 2 years (G1) starting the training program; group 2, 9 fillies aged 2 to 3 years (G2) in a full training program; group 3, 8 older fillies 3 to 4 years of age (G3) training and racing. Blood samples were collected weekly from July to December. Cortisol was quantified using a solid phase DPC kit. The intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were 12.5% and 15.65% and sensitivity was 1.9 +/- 0.2 nmol/l. The semester average of cortisol levels varied between groups: G1 = 148.8 +/- 6.7, G2 = 125.7 +/- 5.8, G3 = 101.1 +/- 5.4 nmol/l, with G3 differing statistically from the other groups. The lower cortisol levels observed in the older fillies leads us to propose that the stress stimulus, when maintained over a long period of time, may become chronic and result in a reduction of hypophyseal corticotropin-releasing hormone receptors. The secretion of endogenous opioids may also lead to low serum cortisol levels.
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Puberty and growth rate in thoroughbred fillies. Theriogenology 1997; 48:581-8. [PMID: 16728154 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(97)00275-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/1996] [Accepted: 04/07/1997] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We measured progesterone and estradiol levels from birth to the beginning of adult life in 10 Thoroughbred fillies from the Equilia Stud Farm in Avaré SP, Brasil. The animals were measured and weighed monthly for the determination of body development and of a possible correlation between the rate of weight and height gain and the onset of detectable sex hormone levels. Jugular blood was collected twice a week and stored at -20 degrees C until assay of progesterone by a solid phase RIA with a sensitivity of 0.32 nmol L and of estradiol by liquid phase RIA adapted to low levels (3.67 pmol L ). The fillies were born with high serum levels of both hormones, which fell to undetectable levels by the first week of life. A variation in growth rate was observed, with the highest levels occurring from birth to the 3rd month of life, followed by a reduction until 15 mo of life, when fast growth was resumed. The monthly weight gain was 1.5% when the fillies reached puberty and 5.4% during the next month, (P < 0.05, Friedman test). During this second period of accelerated growth after the beginning of progesterone production at detectable levels (above 0.318 nmol L ), the parameters of skeletal growth did not differ (P > 0.05). The month of onset of puberty was the month of lowest weight gain in the life of the fillies, and it coincided with the highest insolation period. In conclusion, horses, like all other developed vertebrates, have a double pattern of development, with the acceleration observed at puberty depending on sex steroids, which in turn coincides with the highest insolation period. Gonadal activity characterized by serum progesterone levels was low from birth to the onset of puberty. After puberty the progesterone cycles were similar to those of adult animals with a mature hypothalamic-gonadal axis.
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Efeito de diferentes gonadotrofinas sobre o crescimento folicular e a ovulação na cobaia (Cavia porcellus). BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 1996. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.2318-3659.v33i2p110-114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Para estudar a resposta superovulatória em cobaias, frente a vários esquemas de tratamentos com diferentes gonadotrofinas, foram utilizadas 60 fêmeas, divididas em 10 grupos de 6 animais cada um. Em uma 1a fase, formada por 6 grupos, cada grupo recebeu um dos seguintes tratamentos: PMSG; FSH-p em dose única; FSH-p em 3 doses; FSH-h; HMG e solução de NaCI 0,9% (grupo controle), respectivamente. Numa 2ã fase, constituída por 4 grupos, cada um recebeu 22 Ul de FSH-h, 15 Ul de FSH-h; HMG e solução de NaCI 0,9% (grupo controie), respectivamente. Nos 3 grupos experimentais da 2a fase foi aplicada também PGF2alfa. Todos os grupos, com exceção dos 2 controles, receberam também HCG. Os 3 primeiros grupos da 1a fase tiveram ovulação bloqueada, sendo que a PMSG causou luteinização generalizada dos folículos e as demais gonadotrofinas induziram luteinização folicular precoce com aprisionamento dos óvulos. Na 2a fase, obteve-se um número médio de ovulações em um grupo e a superovulação de 2 animais. Concluiu-se que a PGF2alfa particpa dos mecanismos de ovulação na cobaia e que é possível obter aumento do crescimento folicular múltiplo com o emprego de FSH-h + HCG e HMG + HCG, associados ou não à PGFsalfa.
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Níveis de progesterona em leite desnatado de vacas no período pós- parto e diagnóstico precoce de gestação. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 1993. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.1993.52039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Foram avaliados os períodos pós-parto de vacas primíparas mestiças Gir x Caracu e Nelore x Caracu mantidas em regime extensivo de pastagem. Para a determinação dos níveis hormonais de progesterona, amostras de leite foram coletadas semanalmente até que os animais apresentassem o 1º estro perceptível, quando foram inseminadas artificialmente. Decorridos 21 dias da inseminação, amostras foram coletadas e dosadas para fazer o diagnóstico precoce de gestação. Os resultados mostraram início de ciclicidade ovariana com 9,89 semanas após o parto para vacas Gir x Caracu, com valores médios de progesterona de 0,28 nmol/l no dia do estro e 7,62 nmol/1 aos 21 dias após a inseminação. Para vacas Nelore x Caracu, o estro se deu com 12,08 semanas após o parto e com valores médios de progesterona de 0,46 nmol/l e 9.23 nmol/1 para o dia do estro e no 21º dia, respectivamente. Dez gestações de doze diagnosticadas no 21º dia foram confirmadas por palpação retal, tendo ocorrido um caso de mortalidade embrionária precoce. Outras três vacas foram inseminadas durante a fase luteínica. A eficiência na observação de estros foi de 52.94%, pois de 34 identificados pelos níveis hormonais, 18 foram percebidos visualmente. A variação entre os cruzamentos não alterou significativamente o nível de progesterona no dia do estro, tampouco no 21º dia após inseminação e também quanto ao período necessário ao reinício da atividade ovariana pós - parto.
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Estudo bioquímico do sêmen de búfalos. I. Determinações de frutose, cálcio, GOT e GPT. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 1993. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.1993.52017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Seis búfalos provenientes de cruzamentos entre as raças Jaffarabadi e Mediterrâneo, com aproximadamente 36 meses de idade, foram submetidos a 16 colheitas de sêmen, quinzenalmente, entre os meses de maio a agosto de 1990, por meio de eletroejaculação ou vagina artificial. No sêmen total foram determinadas, em mg/ml, as concentrações de frutose e cálcio, enquanto que, na fração rica em espermatozóides, fizeram-se dosagens de GOT e GPT, em µg/ml. Verificou-se que nas amostras colhidas com vagina artificial os valores de frutose foram significativamente maiores, ao passo que, naquelas obtidas por eletroejaculação, predominaram valores mais altos de GOT e GPT. Relativamente ao cálcio, não houve diferença significativa quanto aos métodos de colheita.
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Avaliação de sêmen congelado de bovinos. Provas lenta e rápida de termo-resistência: efeitos sobre a fertilidade. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 1992. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.1992.51962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
0 objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de sêmen congelado, submetido às provas rápida (45 °C/1 hora) e lenta (38 °C/5 horas) de termoresistência, sobre a fertilidade de fêmeas da espécie bovina. Cento e dezenove vacas foram selecionadas e divididas em 2 tratamentos. No tratamento 1 foram incluídos 6 grupos de 10 fêmeas, inseminadas com material cuja análise laboratorial revelou motilidade espermática progressiva superior ou igual a 20%, na prova rápida e valor menor a 20% na prova lenta. O tratamento 2 (controle) utilizou 59 vacas distribuídas em 5 grupos de 10 e un grupo de 9, inseminadas com material que, na prova lenta, apresentou 20% de motilidade espermática progressiva e qualquer valor na prova rápida. Apenas uma palheta foi utilizada por estro, tolerando-se até 3 repetições de cio. 0 diagnóstico de gestação foi realizado por palpação retal, cerca de 60 dias após a última inseminação artificial. Resultados satisfatórios foram alcançados nas taxas de prenhez (TTR/R = 0,793 + ou - 0,05 e TTR/L = 0,875 + ou - 0,05), não havendo diferença estatística (P>0,05) quanto ao tipo de provas do termo-resistência. Não houve diferença significativa (P>0,05) de prenhez de fêmeas insentinadas com material sibmetido ao teste de termo-resistência rápido, quando a motilidade espermática variou de 20 a 50%.
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Eficácia da transferência de embriões a fresco oriundos de bovinos das raças Holandesa e Simental. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 1991. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.1991.51929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Este trabalho foi conduzido com o propósito de se verificar a eficácia da transferência de embriões bovinos a fresco. Para tanto, vacas doadoras foram superovuladas a partir do 10º dia do ciclo estral com FSH-P na dose de 40 ou 48 mg, via intramuscular, em duas doses diárias decrescentes, por quatro dias, seguida da administração de Cloprostenolno 12º dia do ciclo e duas a três inseminações, a intervalos de 12 horas, quando no cio. Os embriões foram recuperados através de lavagem uterina no 7º dia após o cio, sendo cada corno uterino lavado com 300 a 400 ml de Dulbecco modificado (PBS), enriquecido com1% de soro fetal bovino. Após análise morfológica sob lupa estereoscópica, os embriões foram transferidos cirurgicamente, via incisão para-lombar, para o corno uterino de receptoras previamente selecionadas. Um total de 258 embriões, sendo 221 de doadoras da raçaHolandesa e 37 da raça Simental, foram transferidos para 258 novilhas que, decorridos 45 a 60 dias da transferência, foram palpadas, por via retal, para constatação da prenhez. Foram observados, respectivamente, para embriões de vacas Holandesas e Simentais, 73,3% e 83,3% de gestações, diferença estatisticamente não significante.
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Níveis de progesterona determinados por radioimunoensaio em plasma sangüíneo e leite desnatado de vacas da raça Gir (Bos indicus). Avaliações durante o ciclo estral. Diagnóstico precoce de gestação. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH AND ANIMAL SCIENCE 1990. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.0000-0000.272247-253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Foram estudados 17 ciclos estrais de 12 vacas da raça Gir, mantidas em regime extensivo de pastagens no Centro Intraunidade de Zootecnia e Indústrias Pecuárias "Fernando Costa", em Pirassununga, Estado de São Paulo. Para o estudo dos níveis de progesterona através de RIE, foram colhidas, 3 vezes por semana e aos 23 dias após a cobertura, amostras de leite e de plasma sangüíneo, totalizando, respectivamente, 137 e 138 amostras. Os resultados obtidos indicaram correlação entre amostras refrigeradas e congeladas de leite desnatado (r = 0,92), assim como entre leite desnatado e plasma sangüíneo (r = 0,63). Verificaramse, ainda, variações dos níveis de progesterona durante o ciclo estral, com baixos valores na fase folicular (inferiores a 1,49 nmol/l de leite desnatado) e picos de 15,60 a 21,30 nmol/l no plasma e 5,91 a 11,37 nmol/l, no leite desnatado durante a fase luteínica. Todos os resultados de prenhez e não prenhez, baseados na análise de progesterona, utilizando níveis discriminatórios de 9,54 nmol/l no plasma e 3,18 nmol/l no leite, foram confirmados por palpação retal. As falhas de detecção de cio foram da ordem de 17,2% (24 cios observados em 29 ocorridos)
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Utilização da prostaglandina F2 alfa (PGF2i alfa) na sincronização do ciclo estral em bovinos. III. Inseminações artificiais praticadas em horários pré-determinados, sem observação de sintomas de cio. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.2318-3659.v14i1p45-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Utilização da prostaglandina F2 alfa (PGF2 alfa) na sincronização do ciclo estral em bovinos. II. Inseminações artificiais praticadas em horários pré determinados, com observação de sintomas de cio. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1976. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.2318-3659.v13i2p367-376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Variações estacionais no pelame de vacas da raça Jersey e sua correlação com a produção leiteira. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1975. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.2318-3659.v12i1p95-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Testicular calcification in a bull. MODERN VETERINARY PRACTICE 1973; 54:65-6. [PMID: 4747282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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