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Struyf F, Hardt K, Van Rampelbergh R, Shukarev G, Inamdar A, Ruiz-Guiñazú J, van Paassen V, Anaya-Velarde L, Diba C, Ceuppens M, Cardenas V, Soff GA, Pragalos A, Sadoff J, Douoguih M. Thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome: A database review of clinical trial and post-marketing experience with Ad26.COV2.S. Vaccine 2023; 41:5351-5359. [PMID: 37517912 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) is a very rare disorder described after vaccination with adenoviral vector-based COVID-19 vaccines. Co-occurring thrombosis with thrombocytopenia reported after vaccination can be a proxy for identification of TTS. METHODS Descriptive database review of all cases of co-occurring (within 42 days) thrombosis with thrombocytopenia in participants in Ad26.COV2.S clinical trials or recipients of Ad26.COV2.S in real-world clinical practice. Cases were retrieved from Janssens' clinical trial and Global Medical Safety databases. RESULTS There were 34 cases of co-occurring thrombosis with thrombocytopenia in Ad26.COV2.S recipients (46 per 100,000 person-years) and 15 after placebo (75 per 100,000 person-years) in clinical trials. Among Ad26.COV2.S recipients, mean age at the time of the event was 63 years (range 25-85), 82 % were male, mean time-to-onset 112 days (range 8-339) post-last Ad26.COV2.S dose, 26 events occurred post-dose-1, and 7 within a 28-day risk window post-vaccination. Diagnostic certainty was evaluated using Brighton Collaboration, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and European Medicines Agency Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee case definitions. One case met the highest level of diagnostic certainty for all 3 definitions. There were 355 spontaneous reports of co-occurring thrombosis with thrombocytopenia in the Global Medical Safety database, 47 % males, 85 % within 28-days after vaccination. Twenty-seven cases met the highest level of diagnostic certainty for all definitions, 21 female, 19 with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, age-range 18-68 years. Time-to-onset was 7-14 days post-vaccination in 20 cases. There were 8 fatalities. CONCLUSION TTS induced by Ad26.COV2.S is very rare. Most co-occurring thrombosis with thrombocytopenia does not constitute TTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Struyf
- Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium.
| | - Karin Hardt
- Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Vicky Cardenas
- Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA, United States
| | - Gerald A Soff
- University of Miami Health System/Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Soffer Clinical Research Building, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | | | - Jerald Sadoff
- Janssen Vaccines and Prevention, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Facon T, Kumar SK, Plesner T, Orlowski RZ, Moreau P, Bahlis N, Basu S, Nahi H, Hulin C, Quach H, Goldschmidt H, Perrot A, Weisel K, Raje N, Macro M, Frenzel L, Leleu X, Wang J, Rampelbergh RV, Uhlar CM, Vermeulen J, Duran J, Borgsten F, Usmani SZ. Plain language summary of the MAIA study of daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone for the treatment of people with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Future Oncol 2023. [PMID: 37212642 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
WHAT IS THIS SUMMARY ABOUT? This is a summary of a clinical trial called MAIA. The trial tested 2 combinations of cancer drugs (daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone compared with lenalidomide and dexamethasone) in people with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. None of the participants who took part in the study had been treated before or were eligible to receive stem-cell transplants. HOW WAS THE STUDY IN THIS SUMMARY CONDUCTED? A total of 737 participants took part. Half of the participants took daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone, while the other half of the participants took only lenalidomide and dexamethasone. Once participants started taking the drugs, the cancer was monitored for improvement (response to treatment), worsening (disease progression), or no change. Participants' blood and urine were tested for myeloma protein to measure response to the treatment. Participants were also monitored for side effects. WHAT WERE THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY? After approximately 56 months of follow-up, more participants who took daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone were alive and had decreased myeloma protein levels (indicating improvement of cancer) than participants who took only lenalidomide and dexamethasone. The most common side effects were abnormally low white and red blood cell counts and increased lung infections. WHAT DO THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY MEAN? In the MAIA study, participants with multiple myeloma who took daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone lived longer and had decreased myeloma protein levels than participants who took only lenalidomide and dexamethasone, indicating survival could be more likely with daratumumab added. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT02252172 (Phase 3 MAIA study).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Facon
- University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille, France; Académie Nationale de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - Shaji K Kumar
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Torben Plesner
- Vejle, Hospital & University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Robert Z Orlowski
- Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Philippe Moreau
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Nizar Bahlis
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Supratik Basu
- The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust & University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
| | - Hareth Nahi
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cyrille Hulin
- Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac, France
| | - Hang Quach
- University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Internal Medicine V & National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aurore Perrot
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse - Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Katja Weisel
- Department of Oncology, Hematology & Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Noopur Raje
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Laurent Frenzel
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Leleu
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Hôpital la Milétrie, Poitiers, France
| | - Jianping Wang
- Janssen Research & Development, Raritan, NJ, United States
| | | | | | | | - Joana Duran
- Janssen Research & Development, Raritan, NJ, United States
| | | | - Saad Z Usmani
- Levine Cancer Institute/Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, United States
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3
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Moreau P, van de Donk NW, Nahi H, Oriol A, Nooka AK, Martin T, Rosinol L, Karlin L, Benboubker L, Mateos MV, Popat R, Martínez-López J, Sidana S, Delforge M, Pei L, Trancucci D, Olyslager Y, Uhlar C, Stephenson T, Rampelbergh RV, Banerjee A, Kobos R, Usmani SZ. Plain language summary of the MajesTEC-1 study of teclistamab for the treatment of people with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Future Oncol 2023. [PMID: 37132225 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
WHAT IS THIS SUMMARY ABOUT? This is a summary of a phase 1-2 clinical trial called MajesTEC-1. This trial tested the cancer drug teclistamab in people with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, a cancer that forms in a certain type of white blood cells known as plasma cells. Most participants who took part in the study had at least 3 prior treatments for multiple myeloma before their cancer came back. HOW WAS THE STUDY IN THIS SUMMARY CONDUCTED? A total of 165 participants from 9 countries were included in this study. All participants were given teclistamab once per week and monitored for side effects. Once participants started taking teclistamab, they were checked regularly to monitor if their cancer had no change, improved (responded to treatment), or worsened or spread (known as disease progression). WHAT WERE THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY? After approximately 14.1 months of follow-up (from 2020 to 2021), 63% of participants who were given teclistamab had a decrease in myeloma burden, meaning that they responded to treatment with teclistamab. Participants who responded to teclistamab lived without their myeloma coming back for approximately 18.4 months. The most common side effects were infections, cytokine release syndrome, abnormally low white and red blood cell counts (neutropenia, lymphopenia, and anemia), and low platelet cell counts (thrombocytopenia). Approximately 65% of participants experienced serious side effects. WHAT DO THE RESULTS OF THIS STUDY MEAN? Overall, more than half of the participants (63%) in the MajesTEC-1 study responded to treatment with teclistamab despite previous myeloma treatment failures. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03145181, NCT04557098 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Moreau
- Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Niels Wcj van de Donk
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hareth Nahi
- Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albert Oriol
- Institut Català d'Oncologia & Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Ajay K Nooka
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Thomas Martin
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura Rosinol
- Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lionel Karlin
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Lotfi Benboubker
- Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours, France
| | - Maria-Victoria Mateos
- University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rakesh Popat
- Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Joaquín Martínez-López
- Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Lixia Pei
- Janssen Research & Development, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rachel Kobos
- Janssen Research & Development, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | - Saad Z Usmani
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
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4
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Mateos MV, Rigaudeau S, Basu S, Spicka I, Schots R, Wrobel T, Cook G, Beksac M, Gries KS, Kudva A, Tromp B, Van Rampelbergh R, Pei H, Wroblewski S, Carson R, Delioukina M, White D. Switching to daratumumab SC from IV is safe and preferred by patients with multiple myeloma. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2022:10781552221103551. [PMID: 36067063 DOI: 10.1177/10781552221103551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Two phase 3 studies demonstrated superior efficacy of intravenous daratumumab (DARA IV) plus bortezomib/melphalan/prednisone (ALCYONE) or lenalidomide/dexamethasone (Rd; MAIA) versus standard-of-care regimens for transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. In these studies, patients could switch from DARA IV to subcutaneous daratumumab (DARA SC) while receiving daratumumab monotherapy in ALCYONE (as of Cycle 11) or daratumumab plus Rd in MAIA. The phase 3 COLUMBA study demonstrated noninferiority of DARA SC to DARA IV. DARA SC reduced administration time, allowing patients to spend less time in healthcare settings, a relevant practical consideration for patient care in the COVID-19 pandemic/settings of limited healthcare resources. METHODS DARA SC 1800 mg was administered every 4 weeks, per approved dosing schedules. We evaluated safety and patient-reported experience (ALCYONE only) among patients who switched from DARA IV to DARA SC. RESULTS Fifty-seven patients in ALCYONE and 135 in MAIA switched to DARA SC. Three (2.2%; MAIA) patients reported injection-site reactions, all of which were mild. No infusion-related reactions occurred with DARA SC. In ALCYONE, >80% of patients preferred DARA SC over DARA IV. Grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurred in 5.3% of patients in ALCYONE and 25.9% in MAIA; one (0.7%; MAIA) patient experienced a TEAE with an outcome of death. CONCLUSION For transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, DARA SC (monotherapy/with Rd) was safe and preferred over DARA IV. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02195479/NCT02252172.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Victoria Mateos
- University Hospital of Salamanca/IBSAL/Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sophie Rigaudeau
- Hôpital Andre Mignot, Service d'Hematologie et d'Oncologie, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Supratik Basu
- Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust and University, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Ivan Spicka
- Clinical Department of Haematology, 1st Medical Department, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Gordon Cook
- Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Anupa Kudva
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | - Brenda Tromp
- Janssen Research & Development, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Huiling Pei
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | | | - Robin Carson
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, USA
| | | | - Darrell White
- Dalhousie University and Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
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5
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Moreau P, Garfall AL, van de Donk NWCJ, Nahi H, San-Miguel JF, Oriol A, Nooka AK, Martin T, Rosinol L, Chari A, Karlin L, Benboubker L, Mateos MV, Bahlis N, Popat R, Besemer B, Martínez-López J, Sidana S, Delforge M, Pei L, Trancucci D, Verona R, Girgis S, Lin SXW, Olyslager Y, Jaffe M, Uhlar C, Stephenson T, Van Rampelbergh R, Banerjee A, Goldberg JD, Kobos R, Krishnan A, Usmani SZ. Teclistamab in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma. N Engl J Med 2022; 387:495-505. [PMID: 35661166 PMCID: PMC10587778 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2203478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 153.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teclistamab is a T-cell-redirecting bispecific antibody that targets both CD3 expressed on the surface of T cells and B-cell maturation antigen expressed on the surface of myeloma cells. In the phase 1 dose-defining portion of the study, teclistamab showed promising efficacy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. METHODS In this phase 1-2 study, we enrolled patients who had relapsed or refractory myeloma after at least three therapy lines, including triple-class exposure to an immunomodulatory drug, a proteasome inhibitor, and an anti-CD38 antibody. Patients received a weekly subcutaneous injection of teclistamab (at a dose of 1.5 mg per kilogram of body weight) after receiving step-up doses of 0.06 mg and 0.3 mg per kilogram. The primary end point was the overall response (partial response or better). RESULTS Among 165 patients who received teclistamab, 77.6% had triple-class refractory disease (median, five previous therapy lines). With a median follow-up of 14.1 months, the overall response rate was 63.0%, with 65 patients (39.4%) having a complete response or better. A total of 44 patients (26.7%) were found to have no minimal residual disease (MRD); the MRD-negativity rate among the patients with a complete response or better was 46%. The median duration of response was 18.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.9 to not estimable). The median duration of progression-free survival was 11.3 months (95% CI, 8.8 to 17.1). Common adverse events included cytokine release syndrome (in 72.1% of the patients; grade 3, 0.6%; no grade 4), neutropenia (in 70.9%; grade 3 or 4, 64.2%), anemia (in 52.1%; grade 3 or 4, 37.0%), and thrombocytopenia (in 40.0%; grade 3 or 4, 21.2%). Infections were frequent (in 76.4%; grade 3 or 4, 44.8%). Neurotoxic events occurred in 24 patients (14.5%), including immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome in 5 patients (3.0%; all grade 1 or 2). CONCLUSIONS Teclistamab resulted in a high rate of deep and durable response in patients with triple-class-exposed relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Cytopenias and infections were common; toxic effects that were consistent with T-cell redirection were mostly grade 1 or 2. (Funded by Janssen Research and Development; MajesTEC-1 ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT03145181 and NCT04557098.).
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Bispecific/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Bispecific/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Bispecific/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- B-Cell Maturation Antigen/antagonists & inhibitors
- CD3 Complex/antagonists & inhibitors
- Humans
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy
- Multiple Myeloma/immunology
- Multiple Myeloma/pathology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy
- Recurrence
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Moreau
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Alfred L Garfall
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Niels W C J van de Donk
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Hareth Nahi
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Jesús F San-Miguel
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Albert Oriol
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Ajay K Nooka
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Thomas Martin
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Laura Rosinol
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Ajai Chari
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Lionel Karlin
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Lotfi Benboubker
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Maria-Victoria Mateos
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Nizar Bahlis
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Rakesh Popat
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Britta Besemer
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Joaquín Martínez-López
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Surbhi Sidana
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Michel Delforge
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Lixia Pei
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Danielle Trancucci
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Raluca Verona
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Suzette Girgis
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Shun X W Lin
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Yunsi Olyslager
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Mindy Jaffe
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Clarissa Uhlar
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Tara Stephenson
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Rian Van Rampelbergh
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Arnob Banerjee
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Jenna D Goldberg
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Rachel Kobos
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Amrita Krishnan
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Saad Z Usmani
- From the Hematology Clinic, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite (L.K.), and Service d'Hématologie et Thérapie Cellulaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours (L.B.) - all in France; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (A.L.G.), and Janssen Research and Development, Spring House (R.V., S.G., S.X.W.L., C.U., T.S., A.B.) - both in Pennsylvania; the Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam (N.W.C.J.D.); Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona (J.F.S.-M.), Institut Català d'Oncologia and Institut Josep Carreras, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (A.O.), Hospital Clínic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (L.R.), University Hospital of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro del Investigación del Cáncer, CIBERONC, Salamanca (M.-V.M.), and Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CIBERONC, Madrid (J.M.-L.) - all in Spain; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta (A.K.N.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (T.M.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (S.S.), and City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte (A.K.) - all in California; Mount Sinai School of Medicine (A.C.) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (S.Z.U.) - both in New York; Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada (N.B.); Clinical Research Facility, National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London (R.P.); the Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (B.B.); the University of Leuven, Leuven (M.D.), and Janssen Research and Development, Antwerp (Y.O., R.V.R.) - both in Belgium; Janssen Research and Development, Raritan, NJ (L.P., D.T., M.J., J.D.G., R.K.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
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Facon T, Cook G, Usmani SZ, Hulin C, Kumar S, Plesner T, Touzeau C, Bahlis NJ, Basu S, Nahi H, Goldschmidt H, Quach H, Mohty M, Venner CP, Weisel K, Raje N, Hebraud B, Belhadj-Merzoug K, Benboubker L, Decaux O, Manier S, Caillot D, Ukropec J, Pei H, Van Rampelbergh R, Uhlar CM, Kobos R, Zweegman S. Daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone in transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: frailty subgroup analysis of MAIA. Leukemia 2022; 36:1066-1077. [PMID: 34974527 PMCID: PMC8979809 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01488-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the phase 3 MAIA study of patients with transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), daratumumab plus lenalidomide/dexamethasone (D-Rd) improved progression-free survival (PFS) versus lenalidomide/dexamethasone (Rd). We present a subgroup analysis of MAIA by frailty status. Frailty assessment was performed retrospectively using age, Charlson comorbidity index, and baseline Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score. Patients were classified as fit, intermediate, non-frail (fit + intermediate), or frail. Of the randomized patients (D-Rd, n = 368; Rd, n = 369), 396 patients were non-frail (D-Rd, 196 [53.3%]; Rd, 200 [54.2%]) and 341 patients were frail (172 [46.7%]; 169 [45.8%]). After a 36.4-month median follow-up, non-frail patients had longer PFS than frail patients, but the PFS benefit of D-Rd versus Rd was maintained across subgroups: non-frail (median, not reached [NR] vs 41.7 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.48; P < 0.0001) and frail (NR vs 30.4 months; HR, 0.62; P = 0.003). Improved rates of complete response or better and minimal residual disease (10-5) negativity were observed for D-Rd across subgroups. The most common grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse event in non-frail and frail patients was neutropenia (non-frail, 45.4% [D-Rd] and 37.2% [Rd]; frail, 57.7% and 33.1%). These findings support the clinical benefit of D-Rd in transplant-ineligible NDMM patients enrolled in MAIA, regardless of frailty status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Facon
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780University of Lille, CHU Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille, France
| | - Gordon Cook
- grid.415967.80000 0000 9965 1030Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Saad Z. Usmani
- grid.468189.aLevine Cancer Institute/Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC USA
| | - Cyrille Hulin
- grid.42399.350000 0004 0593 7118Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac, France
| | - Shaji Kumar
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Torben Plesner
- grid.417271.60000 0004 0512 5814Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Cyrille Touzeau
- grid.277151.70000 0004 0472 0371Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
| | - Nizar J. Bahlis
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Supratik Basu
- grid.6374.60000000106935374The Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Hareth Nahi
- grid.24381.3c0000 0000 9241 5705Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- grid.5253.10000 0001 0328 4908University Clinic Heidelberg, International Medicine V and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hang Quach
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XUniversity of Melbourne, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Mohamad Mohty
- grid.412370.30000 0004 1937 1100Sorbonne University, Department of Hematology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Christopher P. Venner
- grid.17089.370000 0001 2190 316XCross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - Katja Weisel
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation With Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Noopur Raje
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Department of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Benjamin Hebraud
- grid.411175.70000 0001 1457 2980Institut Universitaire du Cancer and University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Karim Belhadj-Merzoug
- grid.412116.10000 0001 2292 1474Hémopathies Lymphoïdes, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | | | - Olivier Decaux
- grid.410368.80000 0001 2191 9284Clinical Haematology Department, University of Rennes, CHU Rennes, CIC INSERM 1414, Rennes, France
| | - Salomon Manier
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780University of Lille, CHU Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille, France
| | - Denis Caillot
- grid.31151.37CHU Dijon, Hôpital du Bocage, Dijon, France
| | - Jon Ukropec
- Janssen Global Medical Affairs, Horsham, PA USA
| | - Huiling Pei
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ USA
| | | | - Clarissa M. Uhlar
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA USA
| | - Rachel Kobos
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ USA
| | - Sonja Zweegman
- grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Facon T, Kumar SK, Plesner T, Orlowski RZ, Moreau P, Bahlis N, Basu S, Nahi H, Hulin C, Quach H, Goldschmidt H, O'Dwyer M, Perrot A, Venner CP, Weisel K, Mace JR, Raje N, Tiab M, Macro M, Frenzel L, Leleu X, Ahmadi T, Wang J, Van Rampelbergh R, Uhlar CM, Tromp B, Delioukina M, Vermeulen J, Usmani SZ. Daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MAIA): overall survival results from a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2021; 22:1582-1596. [PMID: 34655533 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(21)00466-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the primary analysis of the phase 3 MAIA trial (median follow-up 28·0 months), a significant improvement in progression-free survival was observed with daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone in transplantation-ineligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Here, we report the updated efficacy and safety results from a prespecified interim analysis for overall survival. METHODS MAIA is an ongoing, multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial that enrolled patients at 176 hospitals in 14 countries across North America, Europe, the Middle East, and the Asia-Pacific region. Eligible patients were aged 18 years or older, had newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score of 0-2, and were ineligible for high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation because of their age (≥65 years) or comorbidities. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) using randomly permuted blocks (block size 4) by an interactive web response system to receive 28-day cycles of intravenous daratumumab (16 mg/kg, once per week during cycles 1-2, once every 2 weeks in cycles 3-6, and once every 4 weeks thereafter) plus oral lenalidomide (25 mg on days 1-21 of each cycle) and oral dexamethasone (40 mg on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of each cycle; daratumumab group) or lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone (control group). Randomisation was stratified by International Staging System disease stage, geographical region, and age. Neither patients nor investigators were masked to treatment assignment. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival, which was centrally assessed, and a secondary endpoint was overall survival (both assessed in the intention-to-treat population). The safety population included patients who received at least one dose of the study treatment. The results presented here are from a prespecified interim analysis for overall survival, for which the prespecified stopping boundary was p=0·0414. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02252172. FINDINGS Between March 18, 2015, and Jan 15, 2017, 952 patients were assessed for eligibility, of whom 737 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to the daratumumab group (n=368) or the control group (n=369). At a median follow-up of 56·2 months (IQR 52·7-59·9), median progression-free survival was not reached (95% CI 54·8-not reached) in the daratumumab group versus 34·4 months (29·6-39·2) in the control group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·53 [95% CI 0·43-0·66]; p<0·0001). Median overall survival was not reached in either group (daratumumab group, 95% CI not reached-not reached; control group, 95% CI 55·7-not reached; HR 0·68 [95% CI 0·53-0·86]; p=0·0013). The most common (>15%) grade 3 or higher treatment-emergent adverse events were neutropenia (197 [54%] patients in the daratumumab group vs 135 [37%] patients in the control group), pneumonia (70 [19%] vs 39 [11%]), anaemia (61 [17%] vs 79 [22%]), and lymphopenia (60 [16%] vs 41 [11%]). Serious adverse events occurred in 281 (77%) patients in the daratumumab group and 257 (70%) patients in the control group. Treatment-related deaths occurred in 13 (4%) patients in the daratumumab group and ten (3%) patients in the control group. INTERPRETATION Daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone increased overall survival and progression-free survival in patients ineligible for stem-cell transplantation with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. There were no new safety concerns. Our results support the frontline use of daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone for patients with multiple myeloma who are ineligible for transplantation. FUNDING Janssen Research & Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Facon
- University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille, France.
| | - Shaji K Kumar
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Torben Plesner
- Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Robert Z Orlowski
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Philippe Moreau
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Nizar Bahlis
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Supratik Basu
- The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust and University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Hareth Nahi
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cyrille Hulin
- Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac, France
| | - Hang Quach
- University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Internal Medicine V and National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael O'Dwyer
- Department of Medicine/Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aurore Perrot
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse - Oncopole, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Service d'Hématologie, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Katja Weisel
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Noopur Raje
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mourad Tiab
- Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, La Roche sur Yon, France
| | | | - Laurent Frenzel
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Hopital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Leleu
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Hôpital la Milétrie, Poitiers, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Brenda Tromp
- Janssen Research & Development, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Saad Z Usmani
- Levine Cancer Institute/Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
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Mateos MV, Dimopoulos MA, Cavo M, Suzuki K, Knop S, Doyen C, Lucio P, Nagy Z, Pour L, Grosicki S, Crepaldi A, Liberati AM, Campbell P, Yoon SS, Iosava G, Fujisaki T, Garg M, Iida S, Bladé J, Ukropec J, Pei H, Van Rampelbergh R, Kudva A, Qi M, San-Miguel J. Daratumumab Plus Bortezomib, Melphalan, and Prednisone Versus Bortezomib, Melphalan, and Prednisone in Transplant-Ineligible Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: Frailty Subgroup Analysis of ALCYONE. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2021; 21:785-798. [PMID: 34344638 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the phase 3 ALCYONE study, daratumumab plus bortezomib/melphalan/prednisone (D-VMP) versus bortezomib/melphalan/prednisone (VMP) significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in transplant-ineligible, newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. We present a subgroup analysis of ALCYONE by patient frailty status. PATIENTS AND METHODS Frailty assessment was performed retrospectively using age, Charlson comorbidity index, and baseline Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score. Patients were classified as fit (0), intermediate (1), or frail (≥2); a nonfrail category combined fit and intermediate patients. RESULTS Among randomized patients (D-VMP, n = 350; VMP, n = 356), 391 (55.4%) were nonfrail (D-VMP, 187 [53.4%]; VMP, 204 [57.3%]) and 315 (44.6%) were frail (163 [46.6%]; 152 [42.7%]). After 40.1-months median follow-up, nonfrail patients had longer PFS and OS than frail patients, but benefits of D-VMP versus VMP were maintained across subgroups: PFS nonfrail (median, 45.7 vs. 19.1 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.36; P < .0001), frail (32.9 vs. 19.5 months; HR, 0.51; P < .0001); OS nonfrail (36-month rate, 83.6% vs. 74.5%), frail (71.4% vs. 59.0%). Improved greater than or equal to complete response and minimal residual disease (10-5)-negativity rates were observed for D-VMP versus VMP across subgroups. The 2 most common grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events were neutropenia (nonfrail: 39.2% [D-VMP] and 42.4% [VMP]; frail: 41.3% and 34.4%) and thrombocytopenia (nonfrail: 32.8% and 36.9%; frail: 36.9% and 39.1%). CONCLUSION Our findings support the clinical benefit of D-VMP in transplant-ineligible NDMM patients enrolled in ALCYONE, regardless of frailty status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Victoria Mateos
- University Hospital of Salamanca/IBSAL, Cancer Research Center IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain.
| | | | - Michele Cavo
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kenshi Suzuki
- Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stefan Knop
- Würzburg University Medical Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Paulo Lucio
- Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Ludek Pour
- University Hospital Brno, Brno-Bohunice-Brno-Starý Lískovec, Czech Republic
| | - Sebastian Grosicki
- Department of Hematology and Cancer Prevention in Chorzów, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Anna Marina Liberati
- Università degli Studi di Perugia Azienda Ospedaliera "Santa Maria," Terni, Italy
| | - Philip Campbell
- Andrew Love Cancer Centre, University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Sung-Soo Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | - Mamta Garg
- Leicester Royal Infirmary - Haematology, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Shinsuke Iida
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku Nagoya, Japan
| | - Joan Bladé
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Huiling Pei
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ
| | | | - Anupa Kudva
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Raritan, NJ
| | - Ming Qi
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, PA
| | - Jesus San-Miguel
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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Perrot A, Facon T, Plesner T, Usmani SZ, Kumar S, Bahlis NJ, Hulin C, Orlowski RZ, Nahi H, Mollee P, Ramasamy K, Roussel M, Jaccard A, Delforge M, Karlin L, Arnulf B, Chari A, He J, Ho KF, Van Rampelbergh R, Uhlar CM, Wang J, Kobos R, Gries KS, Fastenau J, Weisel K. Health-Related Quality of Life in Transplant-Ineligible Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: Findings From the Phase III MAIA Trial. J Clin Oncol 2021; 39:227-237. [PMID: 33326255 PMCID: PMC8078427 DOI: 10.1200/jco.20.01370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (D-Rd) versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in the phase III MAIA study. PATIENTS AND METHODS PROs were assessed on the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30-item and the EuroQol 5-dimensional descriptive system at baseline and every 3 months during treatment. By mixed-effects model, changes from baseline are presented as least squares means with 95% CIs. RESULTS A total of 737 transplant-ineligible (TIE) patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma were randomly assigned to D-Rd (n = 368) or Rd (n = 369). Compliance with PRO assessments was high at baseline (> 90%) through month 12 (> 78%) for both groups. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30-item global health status scores improved from baseline in both groups and were consistently greater with D-Rd at all time points. A global health status benefit was achieved with D-Rd, regardless of age (< 75 and ≥ 75 years), baseline Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score, or depth of response. D-Rd treatment resulted in significantly greater reduction in pain scores as early as cycle 3 (P = .0007 v Rd); the magnitude of change was sustained through cycle 12. Reductions in pain with D-Rd were clinically meaningful in patients regardless of age, ECOG status, or depth of response. Similarly, PRO improvements were observed with D-Rd and Rd on the EuroQol 5-dimensional descriptive system visual analog scale score. CONCLUSION D-Rd compared with Rd was associated with faster and sustained clinically meaningful improvements in PROs, including pain, in transplant-ineligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma regardless of age, baseline ECOG status, or depth of treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Perrot
- Hematology Department, Cancer University Institute Oncopole, Toulouse, France
- Aurore Perrot, MD, PhD, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse- Oncopole, 1 avenue Irène Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, France; e-mail:
| | - Thierry Facon
- Service des Maladies du Sang, Hôpital Claude Huriez, Lille, France
| | - Torben Plesner
- Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | | | - Shaji Kumar
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN
| | - Nizar J. Bahlis
- University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Cyrille Hulin
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac, France
| | - Robert Z. Orlowski
- Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Hareth Nahi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Mollee
- Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Karthik Ramasamy
- Oxford University Hospital and NIHR BRC Blood Theme, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Murielle Roussel
- Hematology Department, Cancer University Institute Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Michel Delforge
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lionel Karlin
- Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud Hematologie (HCL), Pierre—Benite Cedex, France
| | | | - Ajai Chari
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Katja Weisel
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, BMT with Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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He J, Schmerold L, Van Rampelbergh R, Qiu L, Potluri R, Dasgupta A, Li L, Li Y, Hu P, Nemat S, Smugar SS, Zeltzer P, Appiani C, Li Q, Mehra M, Richarz U. Treatment Pattern and Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients Who Did Not Receive Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation: A Real-World Observational Study : Treatment pattern and outcomes in patients with multiple myeloma. Adv Ther 2021; 38:640-659. [PMID: 33211297 PMCID: PMC7854424 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-020-01546-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to describe the treatment patterns among patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) who had not received autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). It further compares the safety and clinical outcomes across different frontline regimens as well as explores whether treatment duration predicts outcomes. METHODS Patients with MM (> 45 years) who had not received ASCT were retrospectively identified from the US SEER-Medicare (Jan 2007-Dec 2016) and Optum (Jan 2007-Sep 2018) databases. Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare overall survival (OS) among bortezomib + lenalidomide + dexamethasone regimen (VRd), lenalidomide + dexamethasone regimen (Rd), cyclophosphamide + bortezomib + dexamethasone regimen (CyBorD), bortezomib + dexamethasone regimen (Vd), and other bortezomib-containing therapies based on propensity score matching. To address immortal time bias, time-fixed and time-dependent Cox models were employed to estimate the association of longer frontline treatment exposure with outcomes. RESULTS Mean (standard deviation; SD) age was 71 (9.8) years; and 49.51% were women. Bortezomib and lenalidomide-based combinations were the most common treatment modalities. After matching, the HR (95% CI) of OS by frontline therapies comparing VRd with Vd was 0.76 (0.66, 0.86), CyBorD was 0.87 (0.75, 1.05), for other bortezomib-based therapies was 0.56 (0.49, 0.64), Rd was 0.83 (0.73, 0.95), and for other therapies was 0.70 (0.61, 0.80). Longer frontline treatment duration was associated with better OS for overall frontline [HR (95% CI) 0.86 (0.82, 0.90)]; Vd [0.81 (0.74, 0.89)]; CyBorD [0.79 (0.64, 0.98)] and Rd [0.86 (0.78, 0.95)]. CONCLUSION Results demonstrated that the frontline therapies prescribed to most patients who did not receive ASCT for MM in the United States were consistent with the NCCN guideline recommendations. Longer frontline treatment duration was associated with improved OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming He
- Janssen Global Services LLC, Raritan, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Lugui Qiu
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | | | | | - Lin Li
- Xian Janssen Pharmaceutical Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yunan Li
- Xian Janssen Pharmaceutical Ltd, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qing Li
- Janssen R&D, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | | | - Ute Richarz
- Janssen Global Medical Affairs, Cilag, Zug, Switzerland.
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Facon T, Kumar S, Plesner T, Orlowski RZ, Moreau P, Bahlis N, Basu S, Nahi H, Hulin C, Quach H, Goldschmidt H, O'Dwyer M, Perrot A, Venner CP, Weisel K, Mace JR, Raje N, Attal M, Tiab M, Macro M, Frenzel L, Leleu X, Ahmadi T, Chiu C, Wang J, Van Rampelbergh R, Uhlar CM, Kobos R, Qi M, Usmani SZ. Daratumumab plus Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone for Untreated Myeloma. N Engl J Med 2019; 380:2104-2115. [PMID: 31141632 PMCID: PMC10045721 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1817249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 619] [Impact Index Per Article: 123.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lenalidomide plus dexamethasone is a standard treatment for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are ineligible for autologous stem-cell transplantation. We sought to determine whether the addition of daratumumab would significantly reduce the risk of disease progression or death in this population. METHODS We randomly assigned 737 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who were ineligible for autologous stem-cell transplantation to receive daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (daratumumab group) or lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone (control group). Treatment was to continue until the occurrence of disease progression or unacceptable side effects. The primary end point was progression-free survival. RESULTS At a median follow-up of 28.0 months, disease progression or death had occurred in 240 patients (97 of 368 patients [26.4%] in the daratumumab group and 143 of 369 patients [38.8%] in the control group). The estimated percentage of patients who were alive without disease progression at 30 months was 70.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 65.0 to 75.4) in the daratumumab group and 55.6% (95% CI, 49.5 to 61.3) in the control group (hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.73; P<0.001). The percentage of patients with a complete response or better was 47.6% in the daratumumab group and 24.9% in the control group (P<0.001). A total of 24.2% of the patients in the daratumumab group, as compared with 7.3% of the patients in the control group, had results below the threshold for minimal residual disease (1 tumor cell per 105 white cells) (P<0.001). The most common adverse events of grade 3 or 4 were neutropenia (50.0% in the daratumumab group vs. 35.3% in the control group), anemia (11.8% vs. 19.7%), lymphopenia (15.1% vs. 10.7%), and pneumonia (13.7% vs. 7.9%). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who were ineligible for autologous stem-cell transplantation, the risk of disease progression or death was significantly lower among those who received daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone than among those who received lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone. A higher incidence of neutropenia and pneumonia was observed in the daratumumab group. (Funded by Janssen Research and Development; MAIA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02252172.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Facon
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Shaji Kumar
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Torben Plesner
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Robert Z Orlowski
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Philippe Moreau
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Nizar Bahlis
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Supratik Basu
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Hareth Nahi
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Cyrille Hulin
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Hang Quach
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Michael O'Dwyer
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Aurore Perrot
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Christopher P Venner
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Katja Weisel
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Joseph R Mace
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Noopur Raje
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Michel Attal
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Mourad Tiab
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Margaret Macro
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Laurent Frenzel
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Xavier Leleu
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Tahamtan Ahmadi
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Christopher Chiu
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Jianping Wang
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Rian Van Rampelbergh
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Clarissa M Uhlar
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Rachel Kobos
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Ming Qi
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
| | - Saad Z Usmani
- From University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille (T.F.), Hematology Department, University Hospital Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes (P.M.), Department of Hematology, Hospital Haut Leveque, University Hospital, Pessac (C.H.), Hematology Department, University Hospital, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy (A.P.), Service d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse (M.A.), Department of Hematology, Vendée Hospital, La Roche sur Yon (M.T.), CHU de Caen, Caen (M.M.), Department of Clinical Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital, Paris (L.F.), and Department of Hematology, CHU la Miletrie and INSERM CIC 1402, Poitiers (X.L.) - all in France; the Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN (S.K.); Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle (T.P.); Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (R.Z.O.); University of Calgary, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Research Institute, Calgary, AB (N.B.), and the Division of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton (C.P.V.) - both in Canada; Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom (S.B.); Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital at Huddinge, Stockholm (H.N.); University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (H.Q.); University Hospital Heidelberg and National Center of Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg (H.G.), and the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg (K.W.) - both in Germany; Department of Medicine-Haematology, National University of Ireland, Galway (M.O.); Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, St. Petersburg (J.R.M.); the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (N.R.); Genmab US, Princeton (T.A.), and Janssen Research and Development, Raritan (J.W., R.K.) - both in New Jersey; Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, PA (C.C., C.M.U., M.Q.); Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (R.V.R.); and Levine Cancer Institute-Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC (S.Z.U.)
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De Beule N, De Veirman K, Maes K, De Bruyne E, Menu E, Breckpot K, De Raeve H, Van Rampelbergh R, Van Ginderachter JA, Schots R, Van Valckenborgh E, Vanderkerken K. Tumour-associated macrophage-mediated survival of myeloma cells through STAT3 activation. J Pathol 2017; 241:534-546. [PMID: 27976373 DOI: 10.1002/path.4860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Overcoming drug resistance is one of the greatest challenges in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). The interaction of myeloma cells with the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment is a major factor contributing to drug resistance. Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) with different polarization states constitute an important component of this microenvironment. Previous studies have revealed a role of TAMs in MM cell survival and drug resistance; however, the impact of macrophage polarization (anti-tumoural 'M1' versus pro-tumoural 'M2'-like phenotype) in this process has not yet been described. Here, the presence of TAMs was confirmed in BM sections from MM patients, both at diagnosis and relapse, with two M2 markers, CD163 and CD206. By following different TAM subpopulations during disease progression in the syngeneic murine 5T33MM model, we demonstrated a decrease in the number of inflammatory monocytes and an increase in the number of M2-oriented TAMs in BM. Co-culture experiments demonstrated that macrophages provide a survival benefit to myeloma cells that is maintained after treatment with several classes of anti-myeloma agent (melphalan and bortezomib); the greatest effect was observed with M2-polarized macrophages. The pro-survival effect was associated with activation of the STAT3 pathway in 5T33MM cells, less cleavage of caspase-3, and thus less apoptosis. AZD1480, an ATP-competitive JAK2 inhibitor, abrogated the observed TAM-mediated MM cell survival, and partially inhibited resistance to bortezomib. Despite having only a small quantitative impact on myeloid cells in vivo, AZD1480 treatment alone and in combination with bortezomib significantly reduced tumour load. In conclusion, M2 TAMs are present in the MM microenvironment, and contribute to MM cell survival and protection from drug-induced apoptosis. As a result of TAM-induced activation of the STAT3 pathway, 5T33MM cells are sensitized to AZD1480 treatment. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan De Beule
- Laboratory of Haematology and Immunology, Myeloma Centre Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kim De Veirman
- Laboratory of Haematology and Immunology, Myeloma Centre Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ken Maes
- Laboratory of Haematology and Immunology, Myeloma Centre Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elke De Bruyne
- Laboratory of Haematology and Immunology, Myeloma Centre Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eline Menu
- Laboratory of Haematology and Immunology, Myeloma Centre Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karine Breckpot
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Technology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hendrik De Raeve
- Department of Pathology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Jo A Van Ginderachter
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Myeloid Cell Immunology Laboratory, VIB Inflammation Research Centre, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rik Schots
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Els Van Valckenborgh
- Laboratory of Haematology and Immunology, Myeloma Centre Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karin Vanderkerken
- Laboratory of Haematology and Immunology, Myeloma Centre Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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