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Ye Mon M, Ufondu O, Mortley S, Bollag RJ, Singh G. Urine Immunofixation Electrophoresis for Diagnosis of Monoclonal Gammopathy: Evaluation of Methods for Urine Concentration. J Appl Lab Med 2024; 9:350-356. [PMID: 38180079 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfad113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Examination of urine by immunofixation electrophoresis (UIFE) is one of the tests recommended for screening and monitoring of monoclonal gammopathies, especially multiple myeloma. Unlike the serum free light chain measurement, a positive result on urine immunofixation is diagnostic for monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains. Urine is usually concentrated, generally by membrane filtration, prior to electrophoresis. METHODS Alternative methods to membrane filtration for urine concentration were examined. Residual urine specimens submitted for urine protein electrophoresis were concentrated by precipitation of the proteins by ammonium sulfate salt precipitation, precipitation with ethanol and acetonitrile, and by desiccation. The concentrated specimens were subjected to immunofixation electrophoresis using antisera to free light chains (FLC). The results were compared with those from conventional immunofixation electrophoresis using specimens concentrated by membrane filtration. RESULTS Ammonium sulfate, ethanol, and acetonitrile precipitation results were less than satisfactory. Concentration by desiccation provided results comparable, if not better than, those by membrane filtration and conventional UIFE. The cost of desiccation is minimal compared to more than $5.00/specimen cost of concentration by membrane filtration. The differences in the results with conventional UIFE and the method described here are likely due to (a) variability in the reactivity of different antisera to free monoclonal light chains, and (b) obscuration of monoclonal free light chains by co-migration with intact immunoglobulin monoclonal proteins. CONCLUSIONS Concentrating urine by desiccation for immunofixation electrophoresis is technically simple, inexpensive, and provides results comparable to concentrating by membrane filtration. Using FLC provides a more sensitive assay than using conventional antisera.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Ye Mon
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Obiora Ufondu
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Shanee Mortley
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Gurmukh Singh
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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Singh G, Cotter T, Ye Mon M, Xu H, Bollag RJ. Quantification of Free Immunoglobulin Light Chains in Urine. J Appl Lab Med 2023; 8:1101-1114. [PMID: 37725944 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The serum-free immunoglobulin light chain assay has been recommended as a screening test for monoclonal gammopathy. We evaluated the usefulness of urine free immunoglobulin light concentration for selection of specimens for immunofixation electrophoresis. METHODS Using kits from The Binding Site for Freelite ®, we validated examination of urine for measuring free κ and λ light chains. The results of urine free light chain concentrations were evaluated to ascertain if the results could be used to reduce the number of specimens requiring urine protein immunofixation electrophoresis. RESULTS In the 515 specimens examined, there was no evidence of monoclonal gammopathy or history of monoclonal gammopathy in 331. Monoclonal κ or λ light chains were detectable in 42 and 30 specimens, respectively. There was history of κ or λ chain associated monoclonal gammopathy in 62 and 50 patients, respectively. In the 38 monoclonal κ positive urine specimens, with light chain data, κ/λ ratio was >5.83 in all specimens. In 27 specimens positive for monoclonal λ light chains, with light chain data, the urine λ/κ ratio was > 0.17 in 24 of 27 specimens and > 0.041 in all specimens. In patients without monoclonal gammopathy all specimens had a κ/λ ratio of >5.83 or λ/κ ratio >0.17. CONCLUSIONS The Freelite ® assay from The Binding Site is suitable for quantification of free light chains in urine. In patients with known history of monoclonal gammopathy, urine immunofixation electrophoresis may be omitted in specimens with κ/λ ratio of <5.83 for κ associated lesions and λ/κ ratio of <0.041 for λ associated lesions. However, the results do not support using this test for first-time urine testing for monoclonal light chains as it is not predictive of positive result, nor does it exclude a monoclonal light chain in urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurmukh Singh
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Thomas Cotter
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - May Ye Mon
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Hongyan Xu
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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3
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Singh G, Savage NM, Bollag RJ, Booker D. Pathology Job Search and Interview: Perspectives on the United States Experience. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2023; 147:1340-1343. [PMID: 36602893 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2022-0247-ep] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Pathology training is focused on the attainment of clinical, diagnostic, and administrative skills. Preparation for employment search and the interview process are often neglected. Given that a near majority of pathology trainees in the United States are graduates of foreign medical schools, training in the job search and interview process according to local customs, norms, and expectations has greater salience for individuals new to the United States. OBJECTIVE.— To offer perspectives on 2 components of the job search process: (1) finding a suitable job opening in academic and private practice settings and (2) preparing for an interview. We have provided a set of common interview questions and suggested preparatory methodology. The differences in the process and expectations in academic settings and private practice operations are highlighted. Engaging in the job search process early and networking are emphasized. We have also suggested approaches for pathology teachers and mentors in guiding trainees in a job search and preparation for an interview. DATA SOURCES.— The information and opinions expressed in this communication are based on the personal experiences of 4 senior pathologists in academic and private practice settings. CONCLUSIONS.— Start networking early. Leverage contacts with teachers, attending pathologists, senior residents, and people at national meetings to locate appropriate job opportunities. Seek assistance from attending pathologists in preparing a curriculum vitae and cover letter. Prepare for the questions that may come up in an interview. A dress rehearsal for an interview is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurmukh Singh
- From the Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta (Singh, Savage, Bollag)
| | - Natasha M Savage
- From the Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta (Singh, Savage, Bollag)
| | - Roni J Bollag
- From the Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta (Singh, Savage, Bollag)
| | - David Booker
- Department of Pathology, Union General Hospital Laboratory, Chatuge Regional Hospital Laboratory, Stephens County Hospital Laboratory, Blairsville, Georgia (Booker)
- BasePath LLC, Blairsville, Georgia (Booker)
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Singh G, Arinze N, Manthei DM, Plapp FV, Bollag RJ. Urine Protein Immunofixation Electrophoresis: Free Light Chain Urine Immunofixation Electrophoresis Is More Sensitive than Conventional Assays for Detecting Monoclonal Light Chains and Could Serve as a Marker of Minimal Residual Disease. Lab Med 2023; 54:527-533. [PMID: 36857478 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmac155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin monoclonal light chains (MLCs) in serum and urine are markers for monoclonal gammopathy and could serve as markers of minimal residual disease (MRD) in multiple myeloma (MM). Excretion of MLCs in urine is known to result in renal damage and shorter survival in patients with LC-predominant MM. METHODS Retrospective review of urine immunofixation in 1738 specimens at 3 medical centers was conducted to assess the utility of urinalysis for diagnosis and monitoring of monoclonal gammopathy. We tested 228 stored urine specimens via the modified urine immunofixation method, using antisera to assay free LCs (FLCs). RESULTS Our review of urine immunofixation results and medical records validated the theory that the only meaningful value-added finding was detection of monoclonal free light chains. Examination of 228 urine specimens using our novel method revealed 18.4% additional positive results. The rate of incremental findings for lambda LCs was nearly 3-fold higher than for kappa LCs. CONCLUSIONS The new method of urine immunofixation is significantly more sensitive and more efficient than the conventional method for detecting MLCs in urine. The new assay appears to be sensitive enough to prove that MLCs serve as a marker of MRD in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurmukh Singh
- Department of Pathology Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Nkechi Arinze
- Department of Pathology Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | | | | | - Roni J Bollag
- Department of Pathology Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
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5
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Kurago Z, Guo G, Shi H, Bollag RJ, Groves MW, Byrd JK, Cui Y. Inhibitors of the CD73-adenosinergic checkpoint as promising combinatory agents for conventional and advanced cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1212209. [PMID: 37435071 PMCID: PMC10330720 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell surface enzyme CD73 is increasingly appreciated as a pivotal non-redundant immune checkpoint (IC) in addition to PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4. CD73 produces extracellular adenosine (eADO), which not only inhibits antitumor T cell activity via the adenosine receptor (AR) A2AR, but also enhances the immune inhibitory function of cancer-associated fibroblasts and myeloid cells via A2BR. Preclinical studies show that inhibition of the CD73-adenosinergic pathway in experimental models of many solid tumors either as a monotherapy or, more effectively, in combination with PD-1/PD-L1 or CTLA-4 IC blockades, improves antitumor immunity and tumor control. Consequently, approximately 50 ongoing phase I/II clinical trials targeting the CD73-adenosinergic IC are currently listed on https://clinicaltrials.gov. Most of the listed trials employ CD73 inhibitors or anti-CD73 antibodies alone, in combination with A2AR antagonists, and/or with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Recent evidence suggests that the distribution of CD73, A2AR and A2BR in tumor microenvironments (TME) is heterogeneous, and this distribution affects CD73-adenosinergic IC function. The new insights have implications for the optimally effective, carefully tailored approaches to therapeutic targeting of this essential IC. In the mini-review, we briefly discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms of CD73/eADO-mediated immunosuppression during tumor progression and therapy in the spatial context of the TME. We include preclinical data regarding therapeutic CD73-eADO blockade in tumor models as well as available clinical data from completed trials that targeted CD73-adenosinergic IC with or without PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and discuss factors that are potentially important for optimal therapeutic outcomes in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya Kurago
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Gang Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Huidong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Roni J. Bollag
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Michael W. Groves
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - J. Kenneth Byrd
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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6
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Singh G, Whitaker BM, Wu AHB, Xu H, Bollag RJ. Serum Free Light Chain Quantification Testing: Comparison of Two Methods for Disease Monitoring. J Appl Lab Med 2022; 7:1290-1301. [DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfac068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Levels of free immunoglobulin light chains in serum and urine are a sensitive measure of dysregulated immunoglobulin synthesis. The development of an assay for free light chains in serum was a major advance in laboratory testing for monoclonal gammopathies. The original assay by The Binding Site, called Freelite®, has been in common use in laboratory monitoring of monoclonal gammopathies. Two clinical entities, myeloma-defining condition and light chain-predominant multiple myeloma, rely on quantitative measurements of serum free light chains.
Methods
Using polyclonal antisera specific to free light chains, Diazyme Laboratories developed a latex immunoturbidimetric assay for quantification of human kappa and lambda serum free light chains. We evaluated the Diazyme assay by comparing the results of kappa and lambda free light chain quantification, and kappa/lambda ratio with the results on the same specimens by the Freelite method. We also compared the correlation of the 2 methods to evaluate response to treatment and to changes in clinical status of patients with multiple myeloma.
Results
The results of Freelite and Diazyme methods are comparable. There was no statistically significant difference in the performance of the 2 assays for quantification of light chains, kappa/lambda ratio, or correlation of clinical parameters from patients with multiple myeloma at various stages of monitoring the disease in 2 geographically diverse laboratory and clinical environments.
Conclusions
The Diazyme method is comparable to Freelite and provides an opportunity to add the test to front-end automation and improvement in efficiency of the assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurmukh Singh
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University , Augusta, GA 30912 , USA
| | - Brooke M Whitaker
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University , Augusta, GA 30912 , USA
| | - Alan H B Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Ave., SFGH 5 , San Francisco CA 94110 , USA
| | - Hongyan Xu
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University , Augusta, GA 30912 , USA
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University , Augusta, GA 30912 , USA
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7
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Hassan MK, Borkar R, Reddy KRK, Piyarathna DWB, Amara CS, Bellman A, Ambati CR, Putluri V, Kamal AHM, Bollag RJ, Terris MK, Ballester LY, Lotan Y, Coarfa C, Sreekumar A, Putluri N. Abstract 2379: Gender-specific metabolome in bladder cancer: Role of EPHX2 in bladder cancer. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is the fourth most common cancer diagnosed in American men. In the U.S., men are four times more likely to be diagnosed with bladder cancer than women. Our research group has previously identified alterations in xenobiotic metabolism in BLCA. In this study, using a metabolomics approach, we identified alterations in the arachidonic acid pathway in bladder tumors from male versus female patients. Included within this altered arachidonic acid pathway was downregulation of EPHX2, an enzyme that converts epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) to dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DiHETs). Consistent with this, levels of EETs were significantly elevated in bladder tumors derived from male versus female patients. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis further revealed that reduced expression of EPHX2 was significantly associated with poor clinical outcome across multiple publicly available datasets only in male BLCA patients but not in females. Mechanistic studies revealed that EPHX2 over-expression in male-derived BLCA cell line reduced cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Overall, these studies nominate EPHX2 as a potential tumor suppressor in male patients with BLCA.
Citation Format: Mohammed Khurshidul Hassan, Roshan Borkar, Karthik Reddy Kami Reddy, Danthasinghe Waduge Badrajee Piyarathna, Chandra Shekar Amara, Allison Bellman, ChandraShekar R. Ambati, Vasanta Putluri, Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal, Roni J. Bollag, Martha K. Terris, Leomar Y. Ballester, Yair Lotan, Cristian Coarfa, Arun Sreekumar, Nagireddy Putluri. Gender-specific metabolome in bladder cancer: Role of EPHX2 in bladder cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2379.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Allison Bellman
- 2The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth), Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yair Lotan
- 5University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX
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8
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Reddy KRK, Park JH, Bollag RJ, Bellman A, Terris M, Lerner SP, Ballester LY, Lotan Y, Kaipparettu BA, Putluri N. Abstract 3771: Mitochondrial metabolism and racial disparity of bladder cancer. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Potential differences and mechanism in metabolism among bladder cancer (BLCA) patients of diverse race or ethnicities remain largely unexplored. Even though the incidence rate of BLCA in African Americans (AA) is nearly half as that of European Americans (EA), but AA have the worst survival. We performed the transcriptomics and metabolomics profiling in ancestry verified patients from AA and EA BLCA and observed mitochondrial complex activities were uniquely enriched in AA tumors compared to EA tumors. In addition, in vitro assay demonstrated differences in mitochondrial complex protein and activity between AA and EA BLCA. We further confirmed the reprogramming of mitochondrial metabolism using in vitro 13C labeled tracers in both AA and EA BLCA. Integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics data reveals the enrichment of mTOR pathway in AA BLCA. Our findings indicate that an elevated mitochondrial oxphos activity through mTOR activation could be a factor for AA BLCA progression and provide the rationale to examine mitochondrial specific inhibitors along with mTOR inhibitors to target BLCA on subset of patients from the AA community.
Citation Format: Karthik Reddy Kami Reddy, Jun Hyoung Park, Roni J. Bollag, Allison Bellman, Martha Terris, Seth P. Lerner, Leomar Y. Ballester, Yair Lotan, Benny Abraham Kaipparettu, Nagireddy Putluri. Mitochondrial metabolism and racial disparity of bladder cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3771.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Allison Bellman
- 3The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | - Yair Lotan
- 5UT southwestern Medical center, Dallas, TX
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9
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Kami Reddy KR, Piyarathna DWB, Kamal AHM, Putluri V, Ravi SS, Bollag RJ, Terris MK, Lotan Y, Putluri N. Lipidomic Profiling Identifies a Novel Lipid Signature Associated with Ethnicity-Specific Disparity of Bladder Cancer. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060544. [PMID: 35736477 PMCID: PMC9230655 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder Cancer (BLCA) is the ninth most frequently diagnosed cancer globally and the sixth most common cancer in the US. African Americans (AA) exhibit half the BLCA incidence compared to European Americans (EA), but they have a 70% higher risk of cancer-related death; unfortunately, this disparity in BLCA mortality remains poorly understood. In this study, we have used an ethnicity-balanced cohort for unbiased lipidomics profiling to study the changes in the lipid fingerprint for AA and EA BLCA tissues collected from similar geographical regions to determine a signature of ethnic-specific alterations. We identified 86 lipids significantly altered between self-reported AA and EA BLCA patients from Augusta University (AU) cohort. The majority of altered lipids belong to phosphatidylcholines (PCs), phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), ly sophosphatidylcholines (lysoPCs), phosphatidylserines (PSs), and diglycerides (DGs). Interestingly, levels of four lysoPCs (lyso PCs 20:3, lyso PCs 22:1, lyso PCs 22:2, and lyso PCs 26:1) were elevated while, in contrast, the majority of the PCs were reduced in AA BLCA. Significant alterations in long-chain monounsaturated (MonoUN) and polyunsaturated (PolyUN) lipids were also observed between AA and EA BLCA tumor tissues. These first-in-field results implicate ethnic-specific lipid alterations in BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Reddy Kami Reddy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (K.R.K.R.); (D.W.B.P.); (S.S.R.)
| | | | - Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal
- Advanced Technology Cores, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.H.M.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Vasanta Putluri
- Advanced Technology Cores, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.H.M.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Shiva Shankar Ravi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (K.R.K.R.); (D.W.B.P.); (S.S.R.)
| | - Roni J. Bollag
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.J.B.); (M.K.T.)
| | - Martha K. Terris
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (R.J.B.); (M.K.T.)
| | - Yair Lotan
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (K.R.K.R.); (D.W.B.P.); (S.S.R.)
- Advanced Technology Cores, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.H.M.K.); (V.P.)
- Correspondence:
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10
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Jin Y, Savage NM, Bollag RJ, Xu H, Singh G. Light Chain Multiple Myeloma: High Serum Free Light Chain Concentrations Portend Renal Damage and Poorer Survival. J Appl Lab Med 2021; 6:1592-1600. [PMID: 34468749 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfab090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monoclonal immunoglobulins provide an indication of the tumor burden in patients with plasma cell neoplasms. Higher concentrations of serum free light chains in light chain predominant multiple myeloma have been shown to correlate with a poorer outcome. We examined the correlations of serum free light chain concentrations in light chain myelomas with survival, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and other clinical and pathological parameters. METHODS Records of patients with light chain multiple myelomas were reviewed. Highest concentration of serum free light chains for each patient were plotted to ascertain an inflection/change point. Survival, eGFR, and other clinical and pathological parameters were compared between the low and high light chain concentration groups. RESULTS Plotting serum free light chain concentrations revealed an inflection point at a concentration of 455 mg/L apportioning patients in to 2 subgroups: 39 patients with low light chain concentrations and 26 patients with high concentrations. The high concentration group had more unfavorable pathology in bone marrow examination in terms of higher neoplastic plasma cell burden and high-risk cytogenetics. The survival rate and eGFR in the high concentration group were significantly worse than in the low concentration group. CONCLUSIONS As noted for light chain predominant multiple myeloma, high serum free light chain concentration in light chain multiple myelomas are associated with higher renal disease burden and shorter survival. Monitoring of serum free light chain concentrations and customizing treatments to address this parameter are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Jin
- Department of Pathology, Augusta University
| | | | - Roni J Bollag
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University
| | - Hongyan Xu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Sciences, Augusta University
| | - Gurmukh Singh
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Truman Medical Center
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11
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Wilhite D, Arfa A, Cotter T, Savage NM, Bollag RJ, Singh G. Multiple myeloma: Detection of free monoclonal light chains by modified immunofixation electrophoresis with antisera against free light chains. Pract Lab Med 2021; 27:e00256. [PMID: 34703870 PMCID: PMC8521168 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2021.e00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neoplastic monoclonal gammopathies are frequently associated with production of excess free monoclonal light chains. A sensitive method for detecting free monoclonal light chains in serum could provide a marker for residual/minimal residual disease and as an adjunct to serum protein electrophoresis to serve as a screening method for monoclonal gammopathies. Methods Conventional serum immunofixation electrophoresis was modified by applying undiluted serum samples, and staining for serum free light chains with antisera specific to free light chains. Washing/blotting of gels was enhanced to remove residual proteins that did not bind to the antibodies including intact monoclonal immunoglobulins. Results from this modified immunofixation electrophoresis were compared with results from commercially available MASS-FIX/MALDI assay. Results Monoclonal free kappa light chains could be detected to a concentration of about 1.78 mg/L and monoclonal free lambda light chains to a concentration of about 1.15 mg/L without the need for special equipment. Comparison of these thresholds with parallel results from a commercially available MASS-FIX/MALDI assay revealed the modified electrophoretic method to be more sensitive in the context of free monoclonal light chains. Conclusions Modified serum immunofixation electrophoresis has been shown to detect low levels of monoclonal free light chains at a sensitivity suitable for the method to be used in detecting minimal residual disease, and potentially in a screening assay for monoclonal gammopathies. The disparity in the results with commercially available MASS-FIX/MALDI assay is postulated to be due to limited repertoire of reactivity of nanobodies of camelid origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Wilhite
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, BI 2008A, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ahmed Arfa
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, BI 2008A, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Thomas Cotter
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, BI 2008A, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Natasha M Savage
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, BI 2008A, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, BI 2008A, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Gurmukh Singh
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, BI 2008A, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
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12
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Sharma MD, Pacholczyk R, Shi H, Berrong ZJ, Zakharia Y, Greco A, Chang CSS, Eathiraj S, Kennedy E, Cash T, Bollag RJ, Kolhe R, Sadek R, McGaha TL, Rodriguez P, Mandula J, Blazar BR, Johnson TS, Munn DH. Inhibition of the BTK-IDO-mTOR axis promotes differentiation of monocyte-lineage dendritic cells and enhances anti-tumor T cell immunity. Immunity 2021; 54:2354-2371.e8. [PMID: 34614413 PMCID: PMC8516719 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Monocytic-lineage inflammatory Ly6c+CD103+ dendritic cells (DCs) promote antitumor immunity, but these DCs are infrequent in tumors, even upon chemotherapy. Here, we examined how targeting pathways that inhibit the differentiation of inflammatory myeloid cells affect antitumor immunity. Pharmacologic inhibition of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) and the tryptophan-degrading enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) or deletion of Btk or Ido1 allowed robust differentiation of inflammatory Ly6c+CD103+ DCs during chemotherapy, promoting antitumor T cell responses and inhibiting tumor growth. Immature Ly6c+c-kit+ precursor cells had epigenetic profiles similar to conventional DC precursors; deletion of Btk or Ido1 promoted differentiation of these cells. Mechanistically, a BTK-IDO axis inhibited a tryptophan-sensitive differentiation pathway driven by GATOR2 and mTORC1, and disruption of the GATOR2 in monocyte-lineage precursors prevented differentiation into inflammatory DCs in vivo. IDO-expressing DCs and monocytic cells were present across a range of human tumors. Thus, a BTK-IDO axis represses differentiation of inflammatory DCs during chemotherapy, with implications for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhav D Sharma
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Rafal Pacholczyk
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Huidong Shi
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Zuzana J Berrong
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Yousef Zakharia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Austin Greco
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Chang-Sheng S Chang
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Georgia Cancer Center, Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | | | | | - Thomas Cash
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ravindra Kolhe
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ramses Sadek
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Tracy L McGaha
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Paulo Rodriguez
- Immunology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jessica Mandula
- Immunology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Theodore S Johnson
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - David H Munn
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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13
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Singh G, Savage NM, Jillella AP, Bollag RJ. Light Chain-Predominant Multiple Myeloma Subgroup: Impaired Renal Function Correlates with Decreased Survival. Lab Med 2021; 53:145-148. [PMID: 34388245 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmab054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with light chain-predominant multiple myeloma have been shown to exhibit shorter survival. Retrospective comparison of clinical and laboratory data was undertaken to ascertain the likely cause(s) of this observation. METHODS Records of patients with multiple myeloma seen at 1 institution revealed 316 patients with conventional and 71 patients with light chain-predominant multiple myelomas with secretion of intact immunoglobulins. Laboratory and clinical findings in the 2 groups were compared. RESULTS Patients with light chain-predominant multiple myeloma had a significantly higher death rate, a higher rate of chronic dialysis, a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and serum albumin, a significantly higher urine protein concentration, and a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension and blood transfusion requirements. Other clinical and laboratory parameters surveyed were not significantly different between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION The shorter survival of patients with light chain-predominant multiple myeloma is clearly associated with renal damage caused by excess free immunoglobulin light chains. Renal damage may be ameliorated by early aggressive treatment with chemotherapy, plasmapheresis, and dialysis; a multi-institutional prospective controlled trial would be needed to test this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurmukh Singh
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, US
| | - Natasha M Savage
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, US
| | - Anand P Jillella
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, US
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, US
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14
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Ullah A, Omar N, Savage NM, Bollag RJ, Singh G. Immune subtraction for improved resolution in serum protein immunofixation electrophoresis and antibody isotype determination in a patient with autoantibody. Pract Lab Med 2021; 26:e00240. [PMID: 34124325 PMCID: PMC8173025 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2021.e00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy chain isotypes of low level monoclonal immunoglobulins are sometimes obscured in serum immunofixation electrophoresis (SIFE) by a heavy background of polyclonal immunoglobulins. However, accurate determination of the heavy chain isotype is essential for a complete diagnosis, as isotype determination of autoantibodies may have relevance in determining therapeutic procedures. Immune subtraction (IS) was employed in a patient with neuropathy and GD1a autoantibody. IS allowed identification of the cognate heavy chain related to a lambda light chain restriction noted on initial SIFE as well as isotype determination of the autoantibody. Antisera specific to individual heavy and light chains were used for depletion of specific immunoglobulin types. Depletion of kappa light chain associated immunoglobulins allowed unequivocal determination of the isotype of lambda light chain-associated low level monoclonal band to be IgG Lambda. Selective depletion of kappa, lambda, gamma and mu heavy chain immunoglobulins was employed to determine IgG Kappa isotype of the auto-antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asad Ullah
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Nivin Omar
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Natasha M Savage
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Gurmukh Singh
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
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15
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Wang S, Liu D, Qu J, Zhu H, Chen C, Gibbons C, Greenway H, Wang P, Bollag RJ, Liu K, Li L. Streamlined Subclass-Specific Absolute Quantification of Serum IgG Glycopeptides Using Synthetic Isotope-Labeled Standards. Anal Chem 2021; 93:4449-4455. [PMID: 33630567 PMCID: PMC8715724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Absolute glycoproteomics quantification has drawn tremendous attention owing to its prospects in biomarker discovery and clinical implementation but is impeded by a general lack of suitable heavy isotope-labeled glycopeptide standards. In this study, we devised a facile chemoenzymatic strategy to synthesize a total of 36 human IgG glycopeptides attached with well-defined glycoforms, including 15 isotope-labeled ones with a mass increment of 6 Da to their native counterparts. Spiking of these standards into human sera enabled simplified, robust, and precise absolute quantification of IgG glycopeptides in a subclass-specific fashion. Additionally, the implementation of the absolute quantification approach revealed subclass-dependent alteration of serum IgG galactosylation and sialylation in colon cancer samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Ding Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Jingyao Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Congcong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Christopher Gibbons
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Harmon Greenway
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Department of Pathology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - Kebin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, United States
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
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16
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Singh G, Bollag RJ, Savage NM. Engaging Pathology Residents in Clinical Chemistry: The Essential Ingredient Is a Committed Teacher. J Appl Lab Med 2020; 6:522-531. [PMID: 33674880 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfaa140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathology residents are thought to show a lack of interest in clinical chemistry, therefore potentially graduating from training programs unprepared to function as laboratory directors and clinical consultants. METHODS A structured program of tutorials based primarily on Henry's textbook, supplemented by recent review articles; a question bank of about 600 questions to emphasize key concepts; requirement for performing and presenting quality improvement projects; participation in on-site CAP inspections; review of reference laboratory test requests; and involving residents in scholarly activity have resulted in sustained, transferable, and significant improvements in engagement, knowledge, competence, and examination scores. RESULTS The primary parameter for measuring change in resident competence and engagement were improvements in resident in-service examination (RISE) scores, publications in peer-reviewed journals, and receipt of awards. The revised program produced significant improvement in RISE scores in clinical chemistry, over and above the improvements in the general residency program. The residents were authors on 12 publications in peer-reviewed PubMed listed journals in the 5-year period since revision in the clinical chemistry curriculum compared to no publications in clinical chemistry in the 5-year period before the new curriculum. Over the past 2 years, 6 of the 11 publications by graduating residents were in clinical chemistry, and 6 of 7 awards for research were garnered by residents engaged in clinical chemistry investigations. All of the residents passed their clinical pathology boards on first attempt since the change compared to 2 failures in the prior 5-year period. CONCLUSIONS The structured program described here is important as a template that could be adopted by any pathology training program. The question bank developed by this program is a valuable and transferable aid. However, success of such a program is dependent on the commitment of a knowledgeable, dedicated, and passionate teacher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurmukh Singh
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Natasha M Savage
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA
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17
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reddy KRK, Karanam B, Coarfa C, Lotan Y, Bollag RJ, Terris MK, Putluri N. Abstract 4501: RNA seq analysis reveals altered immune specific gene signature in African American bladder cancer. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-4501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Understanding specific functional gene signature among bladder cancer (BLCA) patients of diverse race/ethnicities remain largely unexplored. Even though the incidence rate of BLCA in African Americans (AA) is nearly half as that of European Americans (EA), but AA have the worst survival. This survival difference can be attributed to unequal access to health care, and social economic status, which in turn delays the treatment in AA patients. Here, we analyzed RNA-seq data from AA and EA patient cohort compare with adjacent benign tissues and identified a set of signature genes which are significantly altered in AA patients. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) reveals that these genes are significantly enriched in immune pathways. Several known cytokines, cell differentiated markers and transcription factors including, growth differentiation marker 2 (GDF2), Carcinoembryonic Antigen Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (CEACAM1), Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4 (CTLA4) were downregulated and fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1), Caudal type homeobox 1 (CDX1) were upregulated in AA compare to EA. To interrogate the function of specific genes in tumor, we have used an integrated repository portal for tumor-immune system interactions (TISIDB). Using this disease association analysis, we identified a common relationship of these genes with immune response, cytokine signaling and regulation of lymphocyte activation. Our findings indicate that an altered tumor-immune interplay could be a factor for AA BLCA progression and provide the rationale to examine immune specific checkpoint inhibitors to target BLCA on subset of patients from the AA community.
Key words: Racial disparity, Immune system, Bladder cancer.
Citation Format: Karthik reddy kami reddy, Balasubramanyam Karanam, Cristian Coarfa, Yair Lotan, Roni J. Bollag, Martha K. Terris, Nagireddy Putluri. RNA seq analysis reveals altered immune specific gene signature in African American bladder cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4501.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yair Lotan
- 3University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX
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18
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Mitchell A, Hasanali SL, Morera DS, Baskar R, Wang X, Khan R, Talukder A, Li CS, Manoharan M, Jordan AR, Wang J, Bollag RJ, Singh N, Albo D, Ghosh S, Lokeshwar VB. A chemokine/chemokine receptor signature potentially predicts clinical outcome in colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Biomark 2020; 26:291-301. [PMID: 31524146 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-190210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differential expression of chemokines/chemokine receptors in colorectal cancer (CRC) may enable molecular characterization of patients' tumors for predicting clinical outcome. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic ability of these molecules in a CRC cohort and the CRC TCGA-dataset. METHODS Chemokine (CXCL-12α, CXCL-12β, IL-17A, CXCL-8, GM-CSF) and chemokine receptor (CXCR-4, CXCR-7) transcripts were analyzed by RT-qPCR in 76 CRC specimens (normal: 27, tumor: 49; clinical cohort). RNA-Seq data was analyzed from the TCGA-dataset (n= 375). Transcript levels were correlated with outcome; analyses: univariate, multivariable, Kaplan-Meier. RESULTS In the clinical cohort, chemokine/chemokine receptor levels were elevated 3-10-fold in CRC specimens (P⩽ 0.004) and were higher in patients who developed metastasis (P= 0.03 - < 0.0001). CXCR-4, CXCR-7, CXCL-12α, CXCL-8, IL-17 and GM-CSF levels predicted metastasis (P⩽ 0.0421) and/or overall survival (OS; P⩽ 0.0373). The CXCR-4+CXCR-7+CXCL-12 marker (CXCR-4/7+CXCL-12 (α/b) signature) stratified patients into risk for metastasis (P= 0.0014; OR, 2.72) and OS (P= 0.0442; OR, 2.7); sensitivity: 86.67%, specificity: 97.06%. In the TCGA-dataset, the CXCR-4/7+CXCL-12 signature predicted metastasis (P= 0.011; OR, 2.72) and OS (P= 0.0006; OR: 4.04). In both datasets, the signature was an independent predictor of clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS Results of 451 specimens from both cohorts reveal that the CXCR-4/7+CXCL-12 signature potentially predicts outcome in CRC patients and may allow earlier intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Mitchell
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Sarrah L Hasanali
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Daley S Morera
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Rohitha Baskar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Rahil Khan
- Bio-Repository Alliance of Georgia for Oncology at Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Asif Talukder
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Charles S Li
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - Andre R Jordan
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Bio-Repository Alliance of Georgia for Oncology at Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Nagendra Singh
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Daniel Albo
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Santu Ghosh
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Vinata B Lokeshwar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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19
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Yu M, Guo G, Huang L, Deng L, Chang CS, Achyut BR, Canning M, Xu N, Arbab AS, Bollag RJ, Rodriguez PC, Mellor AL, Shi H, Munn DH, Cui Y. CD73 on cancer-associated fibroblasts enhanced by the A 2B-mediated feedforward circuit enforces an immune checkpoint. Nat Commun 2020; 11:515. [PMID: 31980601 PMCID: PMC6981126 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14060-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
CD73, an ecto-5'-nucleotidase (NT5E), serves as an immune checkpoint by generating adenosine (ADO), which suppresses immune activation through the A2A receptor. Elevated CD73 levels in tumor tissues correlate with poor clinical outcomes. However, the crucial source of CD73 activity within the tumor microenvironment remains unspecified. Here, we demonstrate that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) constitute the prominent CD73hi population in human colorectal cancers (CRCs) and two CD73- murine tumor models, including a modified CRC. Clinically, high CAF abundancy in CRC tissues correlates strongly with elevated CD73 activity and poor prognosis. Mechanistically, CAF-CD73 expression is enhanced via an ADO-A2B receptor-mediated feedforward circuit triggered by tumor cell death, which enforces the CD73-checkpoint. Simultaneous inhibition of A2A and A2B pathways with CD73-neutralization synergistically enhances antitumor immunity in CAF-rich tumors. Therefore, the strategic and effective targeting of both the A2B-mediated ADO-CAF-CD73 feedforward circuit and A2A-mediated immune suppression is crucial for improving therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Immunology, Inflammation & Tolerance Program, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Gang Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Immunology, Inflammation & Tolerance Program, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Lei Huang
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Libin Deng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 30000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chang-Sheng Chang
- Bioinformatics Shared Resource and Integrated Genomics, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Bhagelu R Achyut
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tumor Signaling & Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Madison Canning
- School of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ningchun Xu
- Flow cytometry Core, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ali S Arbab
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tumor Signaling & Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Tumor Tissue and Serum Biorepository, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Paulo C Rodriguez
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Andrew L Mellor
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Huidong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology & Biomarkers, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - David H Munn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Immunology, Inflammation & Tolerance Program, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Immunology, Inflammation & Tolerance Program, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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20
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Gwynn ME, DeRemer DL, Saunders KM, Parikh J, Bollag RJ, Clemmons AB. Immune-mediated adverse events following influenza vaccine in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2019; 26:647-654. [PMID: 31474214 DOI: 10.1177/1078155219868758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors has transformed treatment paradigms for various malignancies. Patients with cancer are at increased risk of complications and hospitalizations from influenza; therefore, it is recommended that they receive inactivated influenza vaccination. However, efficacy and safety of inactivated influenza vaccination in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors is uncertain. The objective of this prospective case series was to evaluate the incidence of immune-mediated adverse events (imAEs) following inactivated influenza vaccination in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors. Changes in cytokine and chemokine levels were also evaluated. METHODS Patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors during the 2017-2018 influenza season were eligible for study participation. Peripheral blood samples were collected prior to administration of inactivated influenza vaccine and two post-vaccination time points. Evaluation of new or worsening imAEs occurred via patient questionnaire and review of medical records for 60 days following inactivated influenza vaccination. Baseline imAEs were evaluated from review of medical records for 60 days prior to inactivated influenza vaccination. Serum cytokines and chemokines were measured using a multiplex Luminex assay. RESULTS Twenty-four patients were enrolled in this study. Seven patients experienced any grade imAE (one patient having 2) within 60 days following inactivated influenza vaccination. The majority were Grades 1-2, including rash (n = 3), hypothyroidism, myalgia, and colitis (n = 1 each). Two patients experienced severe imAEs (grade 3 nephritis and grade 4 diabetes). No significant changes (p > 0.05) in serum cytokine or chemokine concentrations were observed. CONCLUSIONS Although small, our study suggests that inactivated influenza vaccine may be safely administered to patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors. The majority of imAEs following inactivated influenza vaccination were Grades 1-2 and did not require changes in immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan E Gwynn
- Department of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina Medical Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - David L DeRemer
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Katherine M Saunders
- Department of Pharmacy, Augusta University Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jigarkumar Parikh
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Hematology/Oncology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Department of Pathology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Amber B Clemmons
- Department of Pharmacy, Augusta University Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
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21
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Piranlioglu R, Lee E, Ouzounova M, Bollag RJ, Vinyard AH, Arbab AS, Marasco D, Guzel M, Cowell JK, Thangaraju M, Chadli A, Hassan KA, Wicha MS, Celis E, Korkaya H. Primary tumor-induced immunity eradicates disseminated tumor cells in syngeneic mouse model. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1430. [PMID: 30926774 PMCID: PMC6441000 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09015-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although clinically apparent metastasis is associated with late stages of cancer development, micro-metastatic dissemination may be an early event. However, the fate of these early disseminated tumor cells (DTC) remains elusive. We show that despite their capacity to disseminate into secondary organs, 4T1 tumor models develop overt metastasis while EMT6-tumor bearing mice clear DTCs shed from primary tumors as well as those introduced by intravenous (IV) injection. Following the surgical resection of primary EMT6 tumors, mice do not develop detectable metastasis and reject IV-injected tumor cells. In contrast, these cells readily grow and metastasize in immuno-deficient athymic or Rag2−/− mice, an effect mimicked by CD8+ T-cell depletion in immunocompetent mice. Furthermore, recombinant G-CSF or adoptive transfer of granulocytic-MDSCs isolated from 4T1 tumor-bearing mice, induce metastasis by suppressing CD8+ T-cells in EMT6-primed mice. Our studies support the concept of immune surveillance providing molecular insights into the immune mechanisms during tumor progression. Dissemination of tumor cells from the primary site is an early event. Here, the authors show that the early disseminated tumor cells are actively cleared by the host cytotoxic T lymphocytes induced by the primary tumor and that infiltration of granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells counteracts such immune protection and allow metastasis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziye Piranlioglu
- Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd. CN2136, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - EunMi Lee
- Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd. CN2136, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Maria Ouzounova
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, 28 Rue Laennec, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd. CN2136, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Alicia H Vinyard
- Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd. CN2136, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ali S Arbab
- Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd. CN2136, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Mustafa Guzel
- Regenerative and Restorative Research Center (REMER), Medipol University, Kavacık Mah. Ekinciler Cad. No.19 Kavacık Kavşağı - Beykoz, 34810, İstanbul Istanbul, Turkey
| | - John K Cowell
- Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd. CN2136, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Muthushamy Thangaraju
- Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd. CN2136, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ahmed Chadli
- Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd. CN2136, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Khaled A Hassan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Max S Wicha
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Esteban Celis
- Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd. CN2136, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Hasan Korkaya
- Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd. CN2136, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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22
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Vantaku V, Dong J, Ambati CR, Perera D, Donepudi SR, Amara CS, Putluri V, Ravi SS, Robertson MJ, Piyarathna DWB, Villanueva M, von Rundstedt FC, Karanam B, Ballester LY, Terris MK, Bollag RJ, Lerner SP, Apolo AB, Villanueva H, Lee M, Sikora AG, Lotan Y, Sreekumar A, Coarfa C, Putluri N. Multi-omics Integration Analysis Robustly Predicts High-Grade Patient Survival and Identifies CPT1B Effect on Fatty Acid Metabolism in Bladder Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:3689-3701. [PMID: 30846479 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The perturbation of metabolic pathways in high-grade bladder cancer has not been investigated. We aimed to identify a metabolic signature in high-grade bladder cancer by integrating unbiased metabolomics, lipidomics, and transcriptomics to predict patient survival and to discover novel therapeutic targets. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed high-resolution liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and bioinformatic analysis to determine the global metabolome and lipidome in high-grade bladder cancer. We further investigated the effects of impaired metabolic pathways using in vitro and in vivo models. RESULTS We identified 519 differential metabolites and 19 lipids that were differentially expressed between low-grade and high-grade bladder cancer using the NIST MS metabolomics compendium and lipidblast MS/MS libraries, respectively. Pathway analysis revealed a unique set of biochemical pathways that are highly deregulated in high-grade bladder cancer. Integromics analysis identified a molecular gene signature associated with poor patient survival in bladder cancer. Low expression of CPT1B in high-grade tumors was associated with low FAO and low acyl carnitine levels in high-grade bladder cancer, which were confirmed using tissue microarrays. Ectopic expression of the CPT1B in high-grade bladder cancer cells led to reduced EMT in in vitro, and reduced cell proliferation, EMT, and metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates a novel approach for the integration of metabolomics, lipidomics, and transcriptomics data, and identifies a common gene signature associated with poor survival in patients with bladder cancer. Our data also suggest that impairment of FAO due to downregulation of CPT1B plays an important role in the progression toward high-grade bladder cancer and provide potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatrao Vantaku
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jianrong Dong
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Chandrashekar R Ambati
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Dimuthu Perera
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sri Ramya Donepudi
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Chandra Sekhar Amara
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Vasanta Putluri
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Shiva Shankar Ravi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Matthew J Robertson
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Mariana Villanueva
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Balasubramanyam Karanam
- Department of Biology and Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, Alabama
| | - Leomar Y Ballester
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | - Seth P Lerner
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Andrea B Apolo
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hugo Villanueva
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - MinJae Lee
- Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Andrew G Sikora
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Yair Lotan
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas
| | - Arun Sreekumar
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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23
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Amara CS, Ambati CR, Vantaku V, Badrajee Piyarathna DW, Donepudi SR, Ravi SS, Arnold JM, Putluri V, Chatta G, Guru KA, Badr H, Terris MK, Bollag RJ, Sreekumar A, Apolo AB, Putluri N. Serum Metabolic Profiling Identified a Distinct Metabolic Signature in Bladder Cancer Smokers: A Key Metabolic Enzyme Associated with Patient Survival. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 28:770-781. [PMID: 30642841 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current system to predict the outcome of smokers with bladder cancer is insufficient due to complex genomic and transcriptomic heterogeneities. This study aims to identify serum metabolite-associated genes related to survival in this population. METHODS We performed LC/MS-based targeted metabolomic analysis for >300 metabolites in serum obtained from two independent cohorts of bladder cancer never smokers, smokers, healthy smokers, and healthy never smokers. A subset of differential metabolites was validated using Biocrates absoluteIDQ p180 Kit. Genes associated with differential metabolites were integrated with a publicly available cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to obtain an intersecting signature specific for bladder cancer smokers. RESULTS Forty metabolites (FDR < 0.25) were identified to be differential between bladder cancer never smokers and smokers. Increased abundance of amino acids (tyrosine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, valine, isoleucine, glycine, and asparagine) and taurine were observed in bladder cancer smokers. Integration of differential metabolomic gene signature and transcriptomics data from TCGA cohort revealed an intersection of 17 genes that showed significant correlation with patient survival in bladder cancer smokers. Importantly, catechol-O-methyltransferase, iodotyrosine deiodinase, and tubulin tyrosine ligase showed a significant association with patient survival in publicly available bladder cancer smoker datasets and did not have any clinical association in never smokers. CONCLUSIONS Serum metabolic profiling of bladder cancer smokers revealed dysregulated amino acid metabolism. It provides a distinct gene signature that shows a prognostic value in predicting bladder cancer smoker survival. IMPACT Serum metabolic signature-derived genes act as a predictive tool for studying the bladder cancer progression in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Sekhar Amara
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Chandrashekar R Ambati
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Venkatrao Vantaku
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Sri Ramya Donepudi
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Shiva Shankar Ravi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - James M Arnold
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Vasanta Putluri
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Gurkamal Chatta
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Khurshid A Guru
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Hoda Badr
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | - Arun Sreekumar
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Andrea B Apolo
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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24
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Angara K, Borin TF, Rashid MH, Lebedyeva I, Ara R, Lin PC, Iskander A, Bollag RJ, Achyut BR, Arbab AS. Corrigendum to "CXCR2-Expressing Tumor Cells Drive Vascular Mimicry in Antiangiogenic Therapy-Resistant Glioblastoma" Neoplasia, October 2018, Volume 20, Issue 10, Pages 1070-1082. Neoplasia 2019; 21:156-157. [PMID: 30595360 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Angara
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Thaiz F Borin
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Mohammad H Rashid
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Iryna Lebedyeva
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Roxan Ara
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Ping-Chang Lin
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Asm Iskander
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Department of Pathology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Bhagelu R Achyut
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Ali S Arbab
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA.
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25
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Simon PS, Bardhan K, Chen MR, Paschall AV, Lu C, Bollag RJ, Kong FC, Jin J, Kong FM, Waller JL, Pollock RE, Liu K. NF-κB functions as a molecular link between tumor cells and Th1/Tc1 T cells in the tumor microenvironment to exert radiation-mediated tumor suppression. Oncotarget 2018; 7:23395-415. [PMID: 27014915 PMCID: PMC5029635 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation modulates both tumor cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment to exert its anti-tumor activity; however, the molecular connection between tumor cells and immune cells that mediates radiation-exerted tumor suppression activity in the tumor microenvironment is largely unknown. We report here that radiation induces rapid activation of the p65/p50 and p50/p50 NF-κB complexes in human soft tissue sarcoma (STS) cells. Radiation-activated p65/p50 and p50/p50 bind to the TNFα promoter to activate its transcription in STS cells. Radiation-induced TNFα induces tumor cell death in an autocrine manner. A sublethal dose of Smac mimetic BV6 induces cIAP1 and cIAP2 degradation to increase tumor cell sensitivity to radiation-induced cell death in vitro and to enhance radiation-mediated suppression of STS xenografts in vivo. Inhibition of caspases, RIP1, or RIP3 blocks radiation/TNFα-induced cell death, whereas inhibition of RIP1 blocks TNFα-induced caspase activation, suggesting that caspases and RIP1 act sequentially to mediate the non-compensatory cell death pathways. Furthermore, we determined in a syngeneic sarcoma mouse model that radiation up-regulates IRF3, IFNβ, and the T cell chemokines CCL2 and CCL5 in the tumor microenvironment, which are associated with activation and increased infiltration of Th1/Tc1 T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, tumor-infiltrating T cells are in their active form since both the perforin and FasL pathways are activated in irradiated tumor tissues. Consequently, combined BV6 and radiation completely suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Therefore, radiation-induced NF-κB functions as a molecular link between tumor cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment for radiation-mediated tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla S Simon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.,Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kankana Bardhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - May R Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Amy V Paschall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.,Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Chunwan Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Feng-Chong Kong
- Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.,Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - JianYue Jin
- Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.,Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Feng-Ming Kong
- Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.,Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Waller
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - Kebin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA.,Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
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26
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Jajosky RP, Jajosky AN, Shikle JF, Bollag RJ. The growth of first-time blood bank board examinees exceeds that of other pathology subspecialties in the United States, 2007-2016. Transfus Apher Sci 2017; 56:742-743. [PMID: 28958856 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P Jajosky
- Blood Bank, Augusta University Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Audrey N Jajosky
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James F Shikle
- Blood Bank, Augusta University Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Blood Bank, Augusta University Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
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27
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Jajosky RP, Cook LO, Manaloor E, Shikle JF, Bollag RJ. Hematologic complications in a patient with Glycine soja polyagglutination following fresh frozen plasma transfusion. Immunohematology 2017; 33:51-55. [PMID: 28657762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyagglutination is a rare and underdiagnosed condition, characterized by agglutination of red blood cells(RBCs) with almost all ABO-compatible adult sera. Polyagglutination can occur when a cryptantigen is exposed on RBCs via microbial enzyme activity. Becausenearly all adults naturally produce antibodies against cryptantigens, transfusion of plasma can cause unexpected hemolysis and hematologic complications, such as thrombocytopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation, in patients whose cryptantigens are exposed. We report a case of Glycine soja polyagglutination occurring in a 60-year-old African-American man with disseminated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. Prior to transfusion, the patient developed severe anemia of unknown etiology. Following transfusion of 3 units of fresh frozen plasma (FFP), his RBC count could not be determined for 24 days because of RBC agglutination in his blood sample. In addition, the FFP transfusion correlated with the rapid development of severe, transfusionrefractory thrombocytopenia and anemia. The perplexed clinical team consulted the blood bank. A direct antiglobulin test demonstrated 1+ mixed-field reactivity with both monoclonal anti-IgG and anti-C3d. Lectin panel testing showed reactivity with only Glycine soja, confirming the condition. Subsequently, plasma components were avoided, and RBC and platelet (PLT) components were washed prior to transfusion. After a 44-day hospitalization involving the transfusion of 22 units of RBCs and 13 units of PLTs, the patient was discharged to a long-term care facility. The patient's confounding hematologic complications can best be explained by polyagglutination, which developed secondary to the severe MRSA infection. The FFP transfusion likely passively transferred antibodies that bound to the patient's RBC cryptantigens, leading to RBC agglutination and anemia. The development of severe thrombocytopenia may be related to cryptantigen exposure on the patient's PLTs. Although difficult to identify, polyagglutination needs to be recognized to appropriately manage hemotherapy. The purpose of this case study is to report hematologic complications following FFP transfusion in a patient with Glycine soja polyagglutination, a rarely described condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P Jajosky
- Department of Pathology, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA
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28
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Jajosky RP, Lumm WC, Wise SC, Bollag RJ, Shikle JF. A suspected delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction mediated by anti-Joa. Immunohematology 2017; 33:73-75. [PMID: 28657766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A 32-year-old African-American woman with a history of sickle cell disease presented for surgical evaluation of left total hip arthroplasty due to avascular necrosis of the femoral head. In anticipation of a complex orthopedic procedure, pre-surgical blood work was ordered. The patient's Fenwal blood sample typed as group O, D+. Although the patient had a history of anti-Fya, the antibody identification was inconclusive, so the workup was sent to a reference laboratory. The patient was last transfused with red blood cells (RBCs) 2 years earlier, but had no history of transfusion reactions. Due to surgery, the patient's hemoglobin (Hb) decreased from 10.2 g/dL (preoperative) to 8.6 g/dL (postoperative). One unit of weakly crossmatch-incompatible Fy(a-), C-, E-, K-, and sickle cell hemoglobin S (HbS)-negative RBCs was transfused without incident, and the patient was discharged. Several days later, the reference lab reported two new specificities, anti-Joa and anti-Jkb. Fortunately, the transfused RBC unit was Jk(b-). Therefore, the crossmatch incompatibility was attributed to anti-Joa, which targets a high-prevalence antigen found in 100 percent of most populations. Two weeks after discharge, the patient returned in sickle vaso-occlusive pain crisis. The patient was clinically stable, but her Hb was 6.7 g/dL. One unit of Fy(a-), Jk(b-), C-, E-, K-, HbS- RBCs, which was weakly crossmatch-incompatible, was transfused. The following day, her Hb was unchanged, lactic acid dehydrogenase increased from 951 to 2464 U/L, potassium increased from 3.7 to 4.6 mEq/L, creatinine increased from 0.60 to 0.98 mg/dL, and the patient developed a 38.4°C fever. These findings are consistent with a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR), mediated by anti-Joa, occurring 2 weeks after the first RBC transfusion. Further care could not be provided because the patient left the hospital against medical advice. The purpose of this case study is to report findings consistent with a DHTR attributed to anti-Joa, an antibody with relatively unknown clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wendy C Lumm
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Augusta University
| | - Scott C Wise
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Imaging, and Radiologic Sciences, Augusta University
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29
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Shull AY, Noonepalle SK, Awan FT, Liu J, Pei L, Bollag RJ, Salman H, Ding Z, Shi H. RPPA-based protein profiling reveals eIF4G overexpression and 4E-BP1 serine 65 phosphorylation as molecular events that correspond with a pro-survival phenotype in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Oncotarget 2016; 6:14632-45. [PMID: 25999352 PMCID: PMC4546493 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the most common adult leukemia, remains incurable despite advancements in treatment regimens over the past decade. Several expression profile studies have been pursued to better understand CLL pathogenesis. However, these large-scale studies only provide information at the transcriptional level. To better comprehend the differential protein changes that take place in CLL, we performed a reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) analysis using 167 different antibodies on B-cell lysates from 18 CLL patients and 6 normal donors. From our analysis, we discovered an enrichment of protein alterations involved with mRNA translation, specifically upregulation of the translation initiator eIF4G and phosphorylation of the cap-dependent translation inhibitor 4E-BP1 at serine 65. Interestingly, 4E-BP1 phosphorylation occurred independently of AKT phosphorylation, suggesting a disconnect between PI3K/AKT pathway activation and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation. Based on these results, we treated primary CLL samples with NVP-BEZ235, a PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor, and compared its apoptotic-inducing potential against the BTK inhibitor Ibrutinib and the PI3Kδ inhibitor Idelalisib. We demonstrated that treatment with NVP-BEZ235 caused greater apoptosis, greater apoptotic cleavage of eIF4G, and greater dephosphorylation of 4E-BP1 in primary CLL cells. Taken together, these results highlight the potential dependence of eIF4G overexpression and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation in CLL survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Y Shull
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Satish K Noonepalle
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Farrukh T Awan
- The Ohio State Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jimei Liu
- GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lirong Pei
- GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Roni J Bollag
- GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Pathology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Huda Salman
- GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Deparment of Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zhiyong Ding
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Huidong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,GRU Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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30
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Redd PS, Bardhan K, Chen MR, Paschall AV, Lu C, Bollag RJ, Kong F, Jin J, Kong FM, Waller JL, Pollock RE, Liu K. NF-κB acts as a molecular link between tumor cells and Th1/Tc1 T cells in the tumor microenvironment to exert radiation-mediated tumor suppression. The Journal of Immunology 2016. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.213.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Radiation is a local treatment for many types of solid cancers. About two thirds of cancer patients require radiation during the course of their disease treatment. Radiation modulates both tumor cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment to exert anti-tumor activity, but the molecular connection between tumor cells and immune cells that mediates radiation-exerted tumor suppression activity is largely unknown. We report here that radiation induces rapid activation of the p65/p50 and p50/p50 NF-κB complexes in human soft tissue sarcoma (STS) cells. Radiation-activated p65/p50 and p50/p50 bind to the TNFα promoter to activate its transcription in STS cells. Radiation-induced TNFα then induces tumor cell death in an autocrine manner. Smac mimetic BV6 induces cIAP1 and cIAP2 degradation to increase tumor cell sensitivity to radiation-induced cell death in vitro and to enhance radiation-mediated suppression of STS xenografts in vivo. Inhibition of caspases, RIP1, or RIP3 blocks radiation/TNFα-induced cell death, whereas inhibition of RIP1 blocks TNFα-induced caspase activation, suggesting that caspases and RIP1 act sequentially to mediate the non-compensatory cell death pathways. We determined in a syngeneic sarcoma mouse model that radiation up-regulates the NF-κB target genes IRF3, IFNβ, and the T cell chemokines CCL2 and CCL5 in the tumor microenvironment, which is associated with activation and increased infiltration of Th1/Tc1 T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Consequently, combined BV6 and radiation completely suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Radiation-induced NF-κB functions as a molecular link between tumor cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment for radiation mediated tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chunwan Lu
- 1Georgia Regents Univ
- 2Charlie Norwood VA Med. Ctr
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kebin Liu
- 1Georgia Regents Univ
- 2Charlie Norwood VA Med. Ctr
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31
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López M, Bollag RJ, Yu JC, Isales CM, Eroglu A. Chemically Defined and Xeno-Free Cryopreservation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152161. [PMID: 27010403 PMCID: PMC4806986 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The stromal compartment of adipose tissue harbors multipotent cells known as adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). These cells can differentiate into various lineages including osteogenic, chrondrogenic, adipogenic, and neurogenic; this cellular fraction may be easily obtained in large quantities through a clinically safe liposuction procedure. Therefore, ASCs offer exceptional opportunities for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, current practices involving ASCs typically use fetal bovine serum (FBS)-based cryopreservation solutions that are associated with risks of immunological reactions and of transmitting infectious diseases and prions. To realize clinical applications of ASCs, serum- and xeno-free defined cryopreservation methods are needed. To this end, an animal product-free chemically defined cryopreservation medium was formulated by adding two antioxidants (reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid 2-phosphate), two polymers (PVA and ficoll), two permeating cryoprotectants (ethylene glycol and dimethylsulfoxide), a disaccharide (trehalose), and a calcium chelator (EGTA) to HEPES-buffered DMEM/F12. To limit the number of experimental groups, the concentration of trehalose, both polymers, and EGTA was fixed while the presence of the permeating CPAs and antioxidants was varied. ASCs suspended either in different versions of the defined medium or in the conventional undefined cryopreservation medium (10% dimethylsulfoxide+10% DMEM/F12+80% serum) were cooled to -70°C at 1°C/min before being plunged into liquid nitrogen. Samples were thawed either in air or in a water bath at 37°C. The presence of antioxidants along with 3.5% concentration of each penetrating cryoprotectant improved the freezing outcome to the level of the undefined cryopreservation medium, but the plating efficiency was still lower than that of unfrozen controls. Subsequently, increasing the concentration of both permeating cryoprotectants to 5% further improved the plating efficiency to the level of unfrozen controls. Moreover, ASCs cryopreserved in this defined medium retained their multipotency and chromosomal normality. These results are of significance for tissue engineering and clinical applications of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melany López
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Roni J. Bollag
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jack C. Yu
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Carlos M. Isales
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ali Eroglu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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32
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Linehan WM, Spellman PT, Ricketts CJ, Creighton CJ, Fei SS, Davis C, Wheeler DA, Murray BA, Schmidt L, Vocke CD, Peto M, Al Mamun AAM, Shinbrot E, Sethi A, Brooks S, Rathmell WK, Brooks AN, Hoadley KA, Robertson AG, Brooks D, Bowlby R, Sadeghi S, Shen H, Weisenberger DJ, Bootwalla M, Baylin SB, Laird PW, Cherniack AD, Saksena G, Haake S, Li J, Liang H, Lu Y, Mills GB, Akbani R, Leiserson MD, Raphael BJ, Anur P, Bottaro D, Albiges L, Barnabas N, Choueiri TK, Czerniak B, Godwin AK, Hakimi AA, Ho T, Hsieh J, Ittmann M, Kim WY, Krishnan B, Merino MJ, Mills Shaw KR, Reuter VE, Reznik E, Shelley CS, Shuch B, Signoretti S, Srinivasan R, Tamboli P, Thomas G, Tickoo S, Burnett K, Crain D, Gardner J, Lau K, Mallery D, Morris S, Paulauskis JD, Penny RJ, Shelton C, Shelton WT, Sherman M, Thompson E, Yena P, Avedon MT, Bowen J, Gastier-Foster JM, Gerken M, Leraas KM, Lichtenberg TM, Ramirez NC, Santos T, Wise L, Zmuda E, Demchok JA, Felau I, Hutter CM, Sheth M, Sofia HJ, Tarnuzzer R, Wang Z, Yang L, Zenklusen JC, Zhang J(J, Ayala B, Baboud J, Chudamani S, Liu J, Lolla L, Naresh R, Pihl T, Sun Q, Wan Y, Wu Y, Ally A, Balasundaram M, Balu S, Beroukhim R, Bodenheimer T, Buhay C, Butterfield YS, Carlsen R, Carter SL, Chao H, Chuah E, Clarke A, Covington KR, Dahdouli M, Dewal N, Dhalla N, Doddapaneni H, Drummond J, Gabriel SB, Gibbs RA, Guin R, Hale W, Hawes A, Hayes DN, Holt RA, Hoyle AP, Jefferys SR, Jones SJ, Jones CD, Kalra D, Kovar C, Lewis L, Li J, Ma Y, Marra MA, Mayo M, Meng S, Meyerson M, Mieczkowski PA, Moore RA, Morton D, Mose LE, Mungall AJ, Muzny D, Parker JS, Perou CM, Roach J, Schein JE, Schumacher SE, Shi Y, Simons JV, Sipahimalani P, Skelly T, Soloway MG, Sougnez C, Tam A, Tan D, Thiessen N, Veluvolu U, Wang M, Wilkerson MD, Wong T, Wu J, Xi L, Zhou J, Bedford J, Chen F, Fu Y, Gerstein M, Haussler D, Kasaian K, Lai P, Ling S, Radenbaugh A, Van Den Berg D, Weinstein JN, Zhu J, Albert M, Alexopoulou I, Andersen JJ, Auman JT, Bartlett J, Bastacky S, Bergsten J, Blute ML, Boice L, Bollag RJ, Boyd J, Castle E, Chen YB, Cheville JC, Curley E, Davies B, DeVolk A, Dhir R, Dike L, Eckman J, Engel J, Harr J, Hrebinko R, Huang M, Huelsenbeck-Dill L, Iacocca M, Jacobs B, Lobis M, Maranchie JK, McMeekin S, Myers J, Nelson J, Parfitt J, Parwani A, Petrelli N, Rabeno B, Roy S, Salner AL, Slaton J, Stanton M, Thompson RH, Thorne L, Tucker K, Weinberger PM, Winemiller C, Zach LA, Zuna R. Comprehensive Molecular Characterization of Papillary Renal-Cell Carcinoma. N Engl J Med 2016; 374:135-45. [PMID: 26536169 PMCID: PMC4775252 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1505917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 895] [Impact Index Per Article: 111.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary renal-cell carcinoma, which accounts for 15 to 20% of renal-cell carcinomas, is a heterogeneous disease that consists of various types of renal cancer, including tumors with indolent, multifocal presentation and solitary tumors with an aggressive, highly lethal phenotype. Little is known about the genetic basis of sporadic papillary renal-cell carcinoma, and no effective forms of therapy for advanced disease exist. METHODS We performed comprehensive molecular characterization of 161 primary papillary renal-cell carcinomas, using whole-exome sequencing, copy-number analysis, messenger RNA and microRNA sequencing, DNA-methylation analysis, and proteomic analysis. RESULTS Type 1 and type 2 papillary renal-cell carcinomas were shown to be different types of renal cancer characterized by specific genetic alterations, with type 2 further classified into three individual subgroups on the basis of molecular differences associated with patient survival. Type 1 tumors were associated with MET alterations, whereas type 2 tumors were characterized by CDKN2A silencing, SETD2 mutations, TFE3 fusions, and increased expression of the NRF2-antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway. A CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) was observed in a distinct subgroup of type 2 papillary renal-cell carcinomas that was characterized by poor survival and mutation of the gene encoding fumarate hydratase (FH). CONCLUSIONS Type 1 and type 2 papillary renal-cell carcinomas were shown to be clinically and biologically distinct. Alterations in the MET pathway were associated with type 1, and activation of the NRF2-ARE pathway was associated with type 2; CDKN2A loss and CIMP in type 2 conveyed a poor prognosis. Furthermore, type 2 papillary renal-cell carcinoma consisted of at least three subtypes based on molecular and phenotypic features. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health.).
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Marston Linehan
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD
- Corresponding Author: W. Marston Linehan, M.D., Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Building 10 CRC Room 1-5940, Bethesda, MD 20892-1107 USA, Tel: 301-496-6353, Fax: 301-402-0922,
| | - Paul T. Spellman
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Corresponding Author: W. Marston Linehan, M.D., Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Building 10 CRC Room 1-5940, Bethesda, MD 20892-1107 USA, Tel: 301-496-6353, Fax: 301-402-0922,
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bradley A. Murray
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University Cambridge, MA
| | - Laura Schmidt
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Cathy D. Vocke
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Myron Peto
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | | | | | | | - Samira Brooks
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Angela N. Brooks
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University Cambridge, MA
| | | | - A. Gordon Robertson
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Denise Brooks
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Reanne Bowlby
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Sara Sadeghi
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Hui Shen
- Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrew D. Cherniack
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University Cambridge, MA
| | - Gordon Saksena
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University Cambridge, MA
| | - Scott Haake
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Jun Li
- Univ. of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Han Liang
- Univ. of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yiling Lu
- Univ. of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Rehan Akbani
- Univ. of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Pavana Anur
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Donald Bottaro
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A. Ari Hakimi
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - James Hsieh
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - William Y. Kim
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Maria J. Merino
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - Ed Reznik
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Satish Tickoo
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Daniel Crain
- The International Genomics Consortium, Phoenix, AZ
| | | | - Kevin Lau
- The International Genomics Consortium, Phoenix, AZ
| | | | - Scott Morris
- The International Genomics Consortium, Phoenix, AZ
| | | | | | | | | | - Mark Sherman
- The International Genomics Consortium, Phoenix, AZ
| | | | - Peggy Yena
- The International Genomics Consortium, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Melissa T. Avedon
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Jay Bowen
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Mark Gerken
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Kristen M. Leraas
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Nilsa C. Ramirez
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Tracie Santos
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Lisa Wise
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Erik Zmuda
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - John A. Demchok
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ina Felau
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Carolyn M. Hutter
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Margi Sheth
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Heidi J. Sofia
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Roy Tarnuzzer
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Zhining Wang
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Liming Yang
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jean C. Zenklusen
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Brenda Ayala
- SRA International, Inc., 4300 Fair Lakes Court, Fairfax, VA
| | - Julien Baboud
- SRA International, Inc., 4300 Fair Lakes Court, Fairfax, VA
| | - Sudha Chudamani
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Rockville MD
| | - Jia Liu
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Rockville MD
| | - Laxmi Lolla
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Rockville MD
| | - Rashi Naresh
- SRA International, Inc., 4300 Fair Lakes Court, Fairfax, VA
| | - Todd Pihl
- SRA International, Inc., 4300 Fair Lakes Court, Fairfax, VA
| | - Qiang Sun
- SRA International, Inc., 4300 Fair Lakes Court, Fairfax, VA
| | - Yunhu Wan
- SRA International, Inc., 4300 Fair Lakes Court, Fairfax, VA
| | - Ye Wu
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Rockville MD
| | - Adrian Ally
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Miruna Balasundaram
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Saianand Balu
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Rameen Beroukhim
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University Cambridge, MA
| | - Tom Bodenheimer
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | | | - Rebecca Carlsen
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Scott L. Carter
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University Cambridge, MA
| | - Hsu Chao
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Eric Chuah
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Amanda Clarke
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | | | | | | | - Noreen Dhalla
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | | | | | - Stacey B. Gabriel
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University Cambridge, MA
| | | | - Ranabir Guin
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | | | | | - D. Neil Hayes
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Robert A. Holt
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Alan P. Hoyle
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Steven J.M. Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Corbin D. Jones
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | | | | | - Jie Li
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Yussanne Ma
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Marco A. Marra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Michael Mayo
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Shaowu Meng
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University Cambridge, MA
| | | | - Richard A. Moore
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | | | - Lisle E. Mose
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Andrew J. Mungall
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | | | - Joel S. Parker
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Jeffrey Roach
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Steven E. Schumacher
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University Cambridge, MA
| | - Yan Shi
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Janae V. Simons
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Payal Sipahimalani
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Tara Skelly
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Carrie Sougnez
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University Cambridge, MA
| | - Angela Tam
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Donghui Tan
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Nina Thiessen
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | | | - Min Wang
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Tina Wong
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Junyuan Wu
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Liu Xi
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Jane Zhou
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Yao Fu
- Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | | | - David Haussler
- University of California Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA
| | - Katayoon Kasaian
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Phillip Lai
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Shiyun Ling
- Univ. of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Amie Radenbaugh
- University of California Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA
| | | | | | - Jingchun Zhu
- University of California Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA
| | - Monique Albert
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - J. Todd Auman
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - John Bartlett
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sheldon Bastacky
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian University Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Julie Bergsten
- Penrose-St. Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO
| | | | - Lori Boice
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Jeff Boyd
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Ying-Bei Chen
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Erin Curley
- The International Genomics Consortium, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Benjamin Davies
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian University Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - April DeVolk
- Penrose-St. Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO
| | - Rajiv Dhir
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian University Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - John Eckman
- Penrose-St. Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO
| | - Jay Engel
- Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jodi Harr
- Penrose-St. Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO
| | - Ronald Hrebinko
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian University Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Mei Huang
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Mary Iacocca
- Helen F Graham Cancer Center at Christiana Care Health Systems, Newark, DE
| | - Bruce Jacobs
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian University Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Michael Lobis
- Helen F Graham Cancer Center at Christiana Care Health Systems, Newark, DE
| | - Jodi K. Maranchie
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian University Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Scott McMeekin
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Jerome Myers
- Penrose-St. Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO
| | - Joel Nelson
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian University Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Anil Parwani
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian University Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Nicholas Petrelli
- Helen F Graham Cancer Center at Christiana Care Health Systems, Newark, DE
| | - Brenda Rabeno
- Helen F Graham Cancer Center at Christiana Care Health Systems, Newark, DE
| | - Somak Roy
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian University Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Joel Slaton
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | | | | | - Leigh Thorne
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Kelinda Tucker
- Penrose-St. Francis Health Services, Colorado Springs, CO
| | | | | | | | - Rosemary Zuna
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
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33
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Jacobson RS, Becich MJ, Bollag RJ, Chavan G, Corrigan J, Dhir R, Feldman MD, Gaudioso C, Legowski E, Maihle NJ, Mitchell K, Murphy M, Sakthivel M, Tseytlin E, Weaver J. A Federated Network for Translational Cancer Research Using Clinical Data and Biospecimens. Cancer Res 2015; 75:5194-201. [PMID: 26670560 PMCID: PMC4683415 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Advances in cancer research and personalized medicine will require significant new bridging infrastructures, including more robust biorepositories that link human tissue to clinical phenotypes and outcomes. In order to meet that challenge, four cancer centers formed the Text Information Extraction System (TIES) Cancer Research Network, a federated network that facilitates data and biospecimen sharing among member institutions. Member sites can access pathology data that are de-identified and processed with the TIES natural language processing system, which creates a repository of rich phenotype data linked to clinical biospecimens. TIES incorporates multiple security and privacy best practices that, combined with legal agreements, network policies, and procedures, enable regulatory compliance. The TIES Cancer Research Network now provides integrated access to investigators at all member institutions, where multiple investigator-driven pilot projects are underway. Examples of federated search across the network illustrate the potential impact on translational research, particularly for studies involving rare cancers, rare phenotypes, and specific biologic behaviors. The network satisfies several key desiderata including local control of data and credentialing, inclusion of rich phenotype information, and applicability to diverse research objectives. The TIES Cancer Research Network presents a model for a national data and biospecimen network.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael J Becich
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Roni J Bollag
- Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Girish Chavan
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Julia Corrigan
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rajiv Dhir
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael D Feldman
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Nita J Maihle
- Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Kevin Mitchell
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Eugene Tseytlin
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - JoEllen Weaver
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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34
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Shen H, Morrison CD, Zhang J, Underwood W, Yang N, Frangou C, Eng K, Head K, Bollag RJ, Kavuri SK, Rojiani AM, Li Y, Yan L, Hill A, Woloszynska-Read A, Wang J, Liu S, Trump DL, Candace JS. 6p22.3 amplification as a biomarker and potential therapeutic target of advanced stage bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2014; 4:2124-34. [PMID: 24231253 PMCID: PMC3875774 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic and epigenetic alterations have been identified as to contribute directly or indirectly to the generation of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (TCC-UB). In a comparative fashion much less is known about copy number alterations in TCC-UB, but it appears that amplification of chromosome 6p22 is one of the most frequent changes. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses, we evaluated chromosomal 6p22 amplification in a large cohort of bladder cancer patients with complete surgical staging and outcome data. We have also used shRNA knockdown candidate oncogenes in the cell based study. We found that amplification of chromosome 6p22.3 is significantly associated with the muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (TCC-UB) (22%) in contrast to superficial TCC-UB (9%) (p=7.2-04). The rate of 6p22.3 amplification in pN>1 patients (32%) is more than twice that in pN0 (16%) patients (p=0.05). Interestingly, we found that 6p22.3 amplification is as twice as high (p=0.0201) in African American (AA) than European American (EA) TCC-UB patients. Moreover, we showed that the expression of some candidate genes (E2F3, CDKAL1 and Sox4) in the 6p22.3 region is highly correlated with the chromosomal amplification. In particular, knockdown of E2F3 inhibits cell proliferation in a 6p22.3-dependent manner, whereas knockdown of CDKAL1 and Sox4 has no effect on cell proliferation. Using gene expression profiling, we further identified some common as well as distinctive subset targets of the E2F3 family members. In summary, our data indicate that E2F3 is a key regulator of cell proliferation in a subset of bladder cancer and the 6p22.3 amplicon is a biomarker of aggressive phenotype in this tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Shen
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Sarkar NH, Borke JL, Bollag RJ. Characterization of rare mammary tumours appearing on the neck of RIII/Sa mice infected with mouse mammary tumour virus. J Comp Pathol 2013; 149:40-7. [PMID: 23351506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.11.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RIII/Sa and C3H mice harbour milk-borne mouse mammary tumour virus (MMTV) and develop mammary tumours at a high incidence. These mammary tumours usually arise ventrally and/or on the sides of the animals. In the present study, some mice of both strains were observed to have tumours in the dorsal neck area. Histological analysis of the tumours indicated their similarity to mammary tumours induced by MMTV oncogenesis. The neck tumours were found by thin-section electron microscopy to contain both type A and type B particles that are hallmarks of MMTV infection. In addition, the neck tumour DNA possessed insertion mutations of Wnt-1 and Fgf-3 proto-oncogenes, the activation of which play important roles in the development of mouse mammary tumours. These neck tumours appear to be mammary tumours that arise in the context of in-situ mammary tissue, similar to rare 'ectopic' human breast cancers that arise in the axillary region and other sites remote from the breast.
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Affiliation(s)
- N H Sarkar
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Bollag RJ, Sterett M, Reding MT, Key NS, Cohn CS, Ustun C. Response of complex immune-mediated thrombocytopenia to romiplostim in the setting of allogeneic stem cell transplantation for chronic myelogenous leukemia. Eur J Haematol 2012; 89:361-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2012.01832.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roni J. Bollag
- Department of Pathology; Medical College of Georgia; Augusta; GA; USA
| | - Meghan Sterett
- Department of Medicine; Medical College of Georgia, Section of Hematology-Oncology; Augusta; GA; USA
| | - Mark T. Reding
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Transplantation; University of Minnesota; Minneapolis; MN; USA
| | - Nigel S. Key
- Division of Hematology-Oncology; University of North Carolina; Chapel Hill; NC; USA
| | - Claudia S. Cohn
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Transfusion Medicine; University of Minnesota Blood Bank Laboratory; Minneapolis; MN; USA
| | - Celalettin Ustun
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Transplantation; University of Minnesota; Minneapolis; MN; USA
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Monticone S, Hattangady NG, Nishimoto K, Mantero F, Rubin B, Cicala MV, Pezzani R, Auchus RJ, Ghayee HK, Shibata H, Kurihara I, Williams TA, Giri JG, Bollag RJ, Edwards MA, Isales CM, Rainey WE. Effect of KCNJ5 mutations on gene expression in aldosterone-producing adenomas and adrenocortical cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012; 97:E1567-72. [PMID: 22628608 PMCID: PMC3410264 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2011-3132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Primary aldosteronism is a heterogeneous disease that includes both sporadic and familial forms. A point mutation in the KCNJ5 gene is responsible for familial hyperaldosteronism type III. Somatic mutations in KCNJ5 also occur in sporadic aldosterone producing adenomas (APA). OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to define the effect of the KCNJ5 mutations on gene expression and aldosterone production using APA tissue and human adrenocortical cells. METHODS A microarray analysis was used to compare the transcriptome profiles of female-derived APA samples with and without KCNJ5 mutations and HAC15 adrenal cells overexpressing either mutated or wild-type KCNJ5. Real-time PCR validated a set of differentially expressed genes. Immunohistochemical staining localized the KCNJ5 expression in normal adrenals and APA. RESULTS We report a 38% (18 of 47) prevalence of KCNJ5 mutations in APA. KCNJ5 immunostaining was highest in the zona glomerulosa of NA and heterogeneous in APA tissue, and KCNJ5 mRNA was 4-fold higher in APA compared with normal adrenals (P < 0.05). APA with and without KCNJ5 mutations displayed slightly different gene expression patterns, notably the aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2) was more highly expressed in APA with KCNJ5 mutations. Overexpression of KCNJ5 mutations in HAC15 increased aldosterone production and altered expression of 36 genes by greater than 2.5-fold (P < 0.05). Real-time PCR confirmed increases in CYP11B2 and its transcriptional regulator, NR4A2. CONCLUSIONS KCNJ5 mutations are prevalent in APA, and our data suggest that these mutations increase expression of CYP11B2 and NR4A2, thus increasing aldosterone production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Monticone
- Department of Physiology, the Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA
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Voss KE, Bollag RJ, Fussell N, By C, Sheehan DJ, Bollag WB. Abnormal aquaporin-3 protein expression in hyperproliferative skin disorders. Arch Dermatol Res 2011; 303:591-600. [PMID: 21400035 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-011-1136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) and psoriasis represent common hyperproliferative skin disorders, with approximately one million new NMSC diagnoses each year in the United States alone and a psoriasis prevalence of about 2% worldwide. We recently demonstrated that the glycerol channel, aquaporin-3 (AQP3) and the enzyme phospholipase D2 (PLD2) interact functionally in epidermal keratinocytes of the skin to inhibit their proliferation. However, others have suggested that AQP3 is pro-proliferative in keratinocytes and is upregulated in the NMSC, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). To evaluate the AQP3/PLD2 signaling module in skin diseases, we determined their levels in SCC, basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and psoriasis as compared to normal epidermis. Skin biopsies with the appropriate diagnoses (10 normal, 5 SCC, 13 BCC and 10 plaque psoriasis samples) were obtained from the pathology archives and examined by immunohistochemistry using antibodies recognizing AQP3 and PLD2. In normal epidermis AQP3, an integral membrane protein, was localized mainly to the plasma membrane and PLD2 to the cell periphery, particularly in suprabasal layers. In BCC, AQP3 and PLD2 levels were reduced as compared to the normal-appearing overlying epidermis. In SCC, AQP3 staining was "patchy," with areas of reduced AQP3 immunoreactivity exhibiting positivity for Ki67, a marker of proliferation. PLD2 staining was unchanged in SCC. In psoriasis, AQP3 staining was usually observed in the cytoplasm rather than in the membrane. Also, in the majority of psoriatic samples, PLD2 showed weak immunoreactivity or aberrant localization. These results suggest that abnormalities in the AQP3/PLD2 signaling module correlate with hyperproliferation in psoriasis and the NMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E Voss
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Georgia Health Sciences University (formerly Medical College of Georgia), Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Abstract
In this issue, Taguchi et al. demonstrate that the transcription factor Yin Yang-1 (YY1) regulates proliferation in three-dimensional cultures of the HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line. HaCaT keratinocytes overexpressing YY1 form artificial epidermal constructs that are thicker than those produced from vector-transfected cells. RNA interference-mediated YY1 knockdown decreases the thickness of YY1-overexpressing constructs, indicating that YY1 mediates the thickening. In primary keratinocytes, overexpressed YY1 also inhibits differentiation marker expression induced by calcium, supporting the idea that YY1 is important in regulating epidermal structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy B Bollag
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
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Bollag RJ, Vender JR, Sharma S. Anaplastic meningioma: Progression from atypical and chordoid morphotype with morphologic spectral variation at recurrence. Neuropathology 2009; 30:279-87. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2009.01060.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhang H, Chen X, Bollag WB, Bollag RJ, Sheehan DJ, Chew CS. Lasp1 gene disruption is linked to enhanced cell migration and tumor formation. Physiol Genomics 2009; 38:372-85. [PMID: 19531578 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00048.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lasp1 is an actin-binding, signaling pathway-regulated phosphoprotein that is overexpressed in several cancers. siRNA knockdown in cell lines retards cell migration, suggesting the possibility that Lasp1 upregulation influences cancer metastasis. Herein, we utilized a recently developed gene knockout model to assess the role of Lasp1 in modulating nontransformed cell functions. Wound healing and tumor initiation progressed more rapidly in Lasp1(-/-) mice compared with Lasp1(+/+) controls. Embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) derived from Lasp1(-/-) mice also migrated more rapidly in vitro. These MEFs characteristically possessed increased focal adhesion numbers and displayed more rapid attachment compared with wild-type MEFs. Differential microarray analyses revealed alterations in message expression for proteins implicated in cell migration, adhesion, and cytoskeletal organization. Notably, the focal adhesion protein, lipoma preferred partner (LPP), a zyxin family member and putative Lasp1 binding protein, was increased about twofold. Because LPP gene disruption reduces cell migration, we hypothesize that LPP plays a role in enhancing the migratory capacity of Lasp1(-/-) MEFs, perhaps by modifying the subcellular localization of other motility-associated proteins. The striking contrast in the functional effects of loss of Lasp1 in innate cells compared with cell lines reveals distinct differences in mechanisms of motility and attachment in these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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Chew CS, Chen X, Bollag RJ, Isales C, Ding KH, Zhang H. Targeted disruption of the Lasp-1 gene is linked to increases in histamine-stimulated gastric HCl secretion. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2008; 295:G37-G44. [PMID: 18483181 PMCID: PMC2494726 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.90247.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2008] [Accepted: 05/08/2008] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Lasp-1 (LIM and SH3 domain protein 1) is a multidomain actin-binding protein that is differentially expressed within epithelial tissues and brain. In the gastric mucosa, Lasp-1 is highly expressed in the HCl-secreting parietal cell, where it is prominently localized within the F-actin-rich subcellular regions. Histamine-induced elevation of parietal cell [cAMP]i increases Lasp-1 phosphorylation, which is correlated with activation of HCl secretion. To determine whether Lasp-1 is involved in the regulation of HCl secretion in vivo, we generated a murine model with a targeted disruption of the Lasp-1 gene. Lasp-1-null mice had slightly lower body weights but developed normally and had no overt phenotypic abnormalities. Basal HCl secretion was unaffected by loss of Lasp-1, but histamine stimulation induced a more robust acid secretory response in Lasp-1-null mice compared with wild-type littermates. A similar effect of histamine was observed in isolated gastric glands on the basis of measurements of accumulation of the weak base [14C]aminopyrine. In addition, inhibition of the acid secretory response to histamine by H2 receptor blockade with ranitidine proceeded more slowly in glands from Lasp-1-null mice. These findings support the conclusion that Lasp-1 is involved in the regulation of parietal HCl secretion. We speculate that cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of Lasp-1 alters interactions with F-actin and/or endocytic proteins that interact with Lasp-1, thereby regulating the trafficking/activation of the H+, K+-ATPase (proton pump).
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine S Chew
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912-3175, USA.
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44
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Ustün C, Kalla A, Bollag RJ, Manaloo E, Kulharya A, Jillella A. Relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia occurring after 18 years with recurrent novel chromosomal abnormality t(18;22)(q23;q11.2). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 177:135-8. [PMID: 17854669 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2007.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2007] [Revised: 04/18/2007] [Accepted: 05/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A 22-year-old woman presented with lymphadenopathy in a similar manner as she had presented at age 4. At age 4, she was diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) with t(18;22)(q23;q11.2) and received chemotherapy until age 6 under a pediatric study protocol. At age 22, a lymph node biopsy confirmed granulocytic sarcoma, and a bone marrow aspirate showed increased myeloblasts with no dysplasia. Cytogenetic analyses of the lymph node and the bone marrow were positive for t(18;22)(q23;q11.2). The patient was treated for relapsed AML and at writing had been disease-free for 9 months. Translocation between chromosomes 18 and 22 has been reported in indolent lymphoproliferative disorders, but not in AML. Although we do not know the precise molecular etiology of this leukemia, the uncommon presentation for AML and late relapse with the same chromosomal abnormality may indicate a causal relationship between this novel chromosomal abnormality and the AML. This observation also suggests the possible presence of dormant stem cells containing the chromosomal abnormality in this particular patient.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22/genetics
- Female
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Karyotyping
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Celalettin Ustün
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 15th Street, BAA 5407, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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Weinberger PM, Adam BL, Gourin CG, Moretz WH, Bollag RJ, Wang BY, Liu Z, Lee JR, Terris DJ. Association of nuclear, cytoplasmic expression of galectin-3 with beta-catenin/Wnt-pathway activation in thyroid carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 133:503-10. [PMID: 17515507 DOI: 10.1001/archotol.133.5.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize the localization of galectin-3 in benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms and to correlate this with alterations in beta-catenin and cyclin D1 expression. DESIGN Immunohistochemical study of 116 paraffin-embedded archival specimens from 113 patients who had undergone thyroidectomy and tissue placed into a commercially available tissue microarray. SETTING Tertiary care hospital. INTERVENTIONS Thyroid tissue microarrays were stained by standard immunohistochemical protocols with monoclonal antibodies against galectin-3, beta-catenin, and cyclin D1. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of galectin-3 was correlated with clinical parameters, beta-catenin, and cyclin D1 expression. RESULTS Both cytoplasmic (56%) and nuclear (42%) galectin-3 expression was observed in most malignant neoplasms but was absent in benign thyroid specimens (P<.001). Among carcinomas, cytoplasmic galectin-3 expression was observed in papillary thyroid carcinomas (82%) and follicular (33%) and medullary (9%) carcinomas but was absent in anaplastic carcinomas (P<.001). Galectin-3 nuclear expression was observed in papillary thyroid carcinomas (62%) and follicular carcinomas (33%) but was undetectable in medullary, anaplastic carcinomas (P<.001). Cytoplasmic but not nuclear galectin-3 was inversely correlated with American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM stage (P = .02). There was a strong correlation between cytoplasmic and nuclear beta-catenin expression and both nuclear (P = .04) and cytoplasmic (P = .003) galectin-3 expression. Similarly, there was a strong association between galectin-3 nuclear (P<.001) and cytoplasmic (P<.001) expression and cyclin D1 expression. CONCLUSION Cytoplasmic and nuclear galectin-3 expression seem to be associated with activation of the Wnt-signaling pathway in well-differentiated thyroid neoplasms, suggesting that galectin-3 plays a role in thyroid carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Weinberger
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Xie D, Zhong Q, Ding KH, Cheng H, Williams S, Correa D, Bollag WB, Bollag RJ, Insogna K, Troiano N, Coady C, Hamrick M, Isales CM. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide-overexpressing transgenic mice have increased bone mass. Bone 2007; 40:1352-60. [PMID: 17321229 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2007.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2006] [Revised: 10/30/2006] [Accepted: 01/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) is an intestinally secreted hormone the release of which is stimulated by nutrient ingestion. We previously reported that GIP receptors are present in osteoblastic cells and that GIP increases collagen type I synthesis and alkaline phosphatase activity in isolated osteoblasts. We have also shown that osteoclasts express GIP receptors and that GIP inhibits osteoclastic activity and differentiation. In addition, using GIP receptor knockout mice we demonstrated that absence of GIP receptor signaling resulted in a low bone mass phenotype. To further define GIP's role as an anabolic hormone in vivo, we utilized a genetically altered mouse model, a transgenic mouse overexpressing GIP under the control of the metallothionein promoter (Tg+). Tg+ mice had significantly higher mean GIP levels even in the absence of added dietary zinc. Tg+ animals also had a significant increase in markers of bone formation and a decrease in markers of bone resorption. Consistent with these biochemical data, GIP transgenic mice had a significant increase in bone mass as measured by densitometry and histomorphometry. These data support the conclusion that GIP inhibits bone resorption and stimulates bone formation and that excess signaling through the GIP receptor results in gain of bone mass. In view of GIP's role in nutrient absorption, our data suggest that this hormone may serve an important role in linking nutrient ingestion to bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Xie
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, CB-2803, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Zhong Q, Itokawa T, Sridhar S, Ding KH, Xie D, Kang B, Bollag WB, Bollag RJ, Hamrick M, Insogna K, Isales CM. Effects of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide on osteoclast function. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2007; 292:E543-8. [PMID: 17003233 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00364.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute nutrient ingestion leads to a rapid inhibition of bone resorption while effects on makers of bone formation are less marked or absent, suggesting that there is a transient shift toward skeletal accretion in the immediate postprandial period. The cellular bases for these effects are not clear. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), a known modulator of glucose-induced insulin secretion, is secreted from intestinal endocrine cells in response to nutrient ingestion. In addition to the effect of GIP on pancreatic beta-cells, GIP receptors are expressed by osteoclastic cells [corrected] in bone, suggesting a role for this incretin hormone in bone formation. To determine whether GIP also plays a role in the anti-resorptive effect of nutrient ingestion, osteoclasts were analyzed for the presence of GIP receptors by PCR, immunohistochemical and immunocytochemical analyses of bone tissue, and freshly isolated mature osteoclasts and osteoclast-like cells cultured in vitro. Osteoclast function was assessed by fetal long bone resorption assay and by use of the Osteologic disc assay. Our results demonstrate that GIP receptor transcripts and protein are present in osteoclasts. In addition, with the use of an in vitro organ culture system and mature osteoclasts, GIP was found to inhibit bone resorption in the organ culture system and the resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that GIP inhibits bone breakdown through a direct effect on osteoclast-resorptive activity and suggest one mechanism for the postprandial reduction in markers of bone breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhong
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Ding KH, Zhong Q, Xie D, Chen HX, Della-Fera MA, Bollag RJ, Bollag WB, Gujral R, Kang B, Sridhar S, Baile C, Curl W, Isales CM. Effects of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide on behavior. Peptides 2006; 27:2750-5. [PMID: 16822587 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2006.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2006] [Revised: 05/08/2006] [Accepted: 05/09/2006] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone that rises rapidly in response to nutrient ingestion. The GIP receptor is widely expressed in the brain including the brain stem, telencephalon, diencephalon, olfactory bulb, pituitary, and cerebellum. Until recently it was not clear what the endogenous ligand for this receptor was because no GIP expression had been demonstrated in the brain. GIP synthesis has now been documented in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. To define GIP effects on behavior we utilized a mouse model a GIP-overexpressing transgenic mouse (GIP Tg). Specifically, anxiety-related behavior, exploration, memory, and nociception were examined. Compared to age-matched adult male C57BI/6 controls GIP Tg mice displayed enhanced exploratory behavior in the open-field locomotor activity test. GIP Tg mice also demonstrated increased performance in some of the motor function tests. These data suggest that the GIP receptor plays a role in the regulation of locomotor activity and exploration. To our knowledge, this is the first report of effects of GIP on behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Hong Ding
- Medical College of Georgia, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Medicine, CB-2803, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Xie D, Cheng H, Hamrick M, Zhong Q, Ding KH, Correa D, Williams S, Mulloy A, Bollag W, Bollag RJ, Runner RR, McPherson JC, Insogna K, Isales CM. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor knockout mice have altered bone turnover. Bone 2005; 37:759-69. [PMID: 16219496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2005.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2005] [Revised: 06/20/2005] [Accepted: 06/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone, which is secreted from endocrine cells in the small intestine after meal ingestion. GIP has been shown to affect osteoblastic function in vitro; however, the in vivo effects of GIP on bone remodeling remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of GIP in modulating bone turnover, by evaluating serum markers of bone turnover, bone density, bone morphology, and changes in biomechanical bone strength over time (one to five months) in GIP receptor knockout mice (GIPR-/- mice). The GIPR-/- mice showed a decreased bone size, lower bone mass, altered bone microarchitecture and biomechanical properties, and altered parameters for bone turnover, especially in bone formation. Moreover, the effects of GIP on bone mass were site-specific and compensatory mechanism developed over time and ameliorated the impact of the loss of GIP signaling on bone mass. Further, GIPR-/- mice had earlier age-related changes than wild-type mice in body composition, including bone mass, lean body mass, and fat percentage. In summary, our results indicate that GIP has an anabolic effect on bone mass and bone quality and suggests that GIP may be a hormonal link between nutrient ingestion and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Xie
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Department of Medicine, CB-2803, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Zhong Q, Sridhar S, Ruan L, Ding KH, Xie D, Insogna K, Kang B, Xu J, Bollag RJ, Isales CM. Multiple melanocortin receptors are expressed in bone cells. Bone 2005; 36:820-31. [PMID: 15804492 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2005.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2004] [Revised: 12/13/2004] [Accepted: 01/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Melanocortin receptors belong to the seven transmembrane domain, G-protein coupled family of receptors. There are five members of this receptor family labeled MC1R-MC5R. These receptors are activated by fragments derived from a larger molecule, proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and include ACTH, alpha beta and gamma-MSH and beta-endorphin. Because of in vitro and in vivo data suggesting direct effects of these POMC molecules on bone and bone turnover, we examined bone and bone derived cells for the presence of the various members of the melanocortin receptor family. We report that the five known melanocortin receptors are expressed to varying degrees in osteoblast-like and osteoclastic cells. POMC fragments increased proliferation and expression of a variety of genes in osteoblastic cells. Furthermore, POMC mRNA was detected in osteoclastic cells. These data demonstrate that POMC-derived peptide hormones acting through high affinity melanocortin receptors have specific effects on bone cells. Thus, in addition to the indirect effects of POMC-derived hormones on bone turnover through their modulation of steroid hormone secretion, POMC fragments may have direct and specific effects on bone cell subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhong
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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