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He Y, Yang X, Xia X, Wang Y, Dong Y, Wu L, Jiang P, Zhang X, Jiang C, Ma H, Ma W, Liu C, Whitford R, Tucker MR, Zhang Z, Li G. A phase-separated protein hub modulates resistance to Fusarium head blight in wheat. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:710-726.e10. [PMID: 38657607 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating wheat disease. Fhb1, the most widely applied genetic locus for FHB resistance, is conferred by TaHRC of an unknown mode of action. Here, we show that TaHRC alleles distinctly drive liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) within a proteinaceous complex, determining FHB susceptibility or resistance. TaHRC-S (susceptible) exhibits stronger LLPS ability than TaHRC-R (resistant), and this distinction is further intensified by fungal mycotoxin deoxynivalenol, leading to opposing FHB symptoms. TaHRC recruits a protein class with intrinsic LLPS potentials, referred to as an "HRC-containing hub." TaHRC-S drives condensation of hub components, while TaHRC-R comparatively suppresses hub condensate formation. The function of TaSR45a splicing factor, a hub member, depends on TaHRC-driven condensate state, which in turn differentially directs alternative splicing, switching between susceptibility and resistance to wheat FHB. These findings reveal a mechanism for FHB spread within a spike and shed light on the roles of complex condensates in controlling plant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; CIMMYT-JAAS Joint Center for Wheat Diseases, The Research Center of Wheat Scab, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiujuan Yang
- Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yifan Dong
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lei Wu
- CIMMYT-JAAS Joint Center for Wheat Diseases, The Research Center of Wheat Scab, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- CIMMYT-JAAS Joint Center for Wheat Diseases, The Research Center of Wheat Scab, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- CIMMYT-JAAS Joint Center for Wheat Diseases, The Research Center of Wheat Scab, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation in Downstream of Huaihe River (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Cong Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hongxiang Ma
- College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wujun Ma
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ryan Whitford
- Centre for Crop and Food Innovation (CCFI), State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre (SABC), Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Matthew R Tucker
- Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Zhengguang Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Selva C, Yang X, Shirley NJ, Whitford R, Baumann U, Tucker MR. HvSL1 and HvMADS16 promote stamen identity to restrict multiple ovary formation in barley. J Exp Bot 2023; 74:5039-5056. [PMID: 37279531 PMCID: PMC10498024 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Correct floral development is the result of a sophisticated balance of molecular cues. Floral mutants provide insight into the main genetic determinants that integrate these cues, as well as providing opportunities to assess functional variation across species. In this study, we characterize the barley (Hordeum vulgare) multiovary mutants mov2.g and mov1, and propose causative gene sequences: a C2H2 zinc-finger gene HvSL1 and a B-class gene HvMADS16, respectively. In the absence of HvSL1, florets lack stamens but exhibit functional supernumerary carpels, resulting in multiple grains per floret. Deletion of HvMADS16 in mov1 causes homeotic conversion of lodicules and stamens into bract-like organs and carpels that contain non-functional ovules. Based on developmental, genetic, and molecular data, we propose a model by which stamen specification in barley is defined by HvSL1 acting upstream of HvMADS16. The present work identifies strong conservation of stamen formation pathways with other cereals, but also reveals intriguing species-specific differences. The findings lay the foundation for a better understanding of floral architecture in Triticeae, a key target for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Selva
- Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae 5064, South Australia, Australia
| | - Xiujuan Yang
- Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae 5064, South Australia, Australia
| | - Neil J Shirley
- Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae 5064, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ryan Whitford
- Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae 5064, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ute Baumann
- Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae 5064, South Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew R Tucker
- Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae 5064, South Australia, Australia
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3
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Selva C, Shirley NJ, Houston K, Whitford R, Baumann U, Li G, Tucker MR. HvLEAFY controls the early stages of floral organ specification and inhibits the formation of multiple ovaries in barley. Plant J 2021; 108:509-527. [PMID: 34382710 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Transition to the reproductive phase, inflorescence formation and flower development are crucial elements that ensure maximum reproductive success in a plant's life cycle. To understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying correct flower development in barley (Hordeum vulgare), we characterized the multiovary 5 (mov5.o) mutant. This mutant develops abnormal flowers that exhibit mosaic floral organs typified by multiple carpels at the total or partial expense of stamens. Genetic mapping positioned mov5 on the long arm of chromosome 2H, incorporating a region that encodes HvLFY, the barley orthologue of LEAFY from Arabidopsis. Sequencing revealed that, in mov5.o plants, HvLFY contains a single amino acid substitution in a highly conserved proline residue. CRISPR-mediated knockout of HvLFY replicated the mov5.o phenotype, suggesting that HvLFYmov5 represents a loss of function allele. In heterologous assays, the HvLFYmov5 polymorphism influenced protein-protein interactions and affinity for a putative binding site in the promoter of HvMADS58, a C-class MADS-box gene. Moreover, molecular analysis indicated that HvLFY interacts with HvUFO and regulates the expression of floral homeotic genes including HvMADS2, HvMADS4 and HvMADS16. Other distinct changes in expression differ from those reported in the rice LFY mutants apo2/rfl, suggesting that LFY function in the grasses is modulated in a species-specific manner. This pathway provides a key entry point for the study of LFY function and multiple ovary formation in barley, as well as cereal species in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Selva
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Neil J Shirley
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Kelly Houston
- James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Ryan Whitford
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Ute Baumann
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Gang Li
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621010, China
| | - Matthew R Tucker
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
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4
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Okada T, Jayasinghe JEARM, Eckermann P, Watson-Haigh NS, Warner P, Williams ME, Albertsen MC, Baumann U, Whitford R. Genetic factors associated with favourable pollinator traits in the wheat cultivar Piko. Funct Plant Biol 2021; 48:434-447. [PMID: 33332999 DOI: 10.1071/fp20181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid breeding in wheat has the potential to boost yields. An efficient hybrid seed production system requires elite pollinators; however, such germplasm is limited among modern cultivars. Piko, a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar, has been identified as a superior pollinator and has been used in Europe. Piko has favourable pollinator traits for anther extrusion, anther length, pollen mass and hybrid seed set. However, the genetic factors responsible for Piko's favourable traits are largely unknown. Here, we report on the genetic analysis of a Piko-derived F2 mapping population. We confirmed that Piko's Rht-D1a allele for tall stature is associated with large anthers and high anther extrusion. However, Rht-D1 was not found to be associated with anther filament length, confirmed by near isogenic lines. Piko's photoperiod sensitive Ppd-B1b allele shows an association with increased spike length, more spikelets and spike architecture traits, while the insensitive Ppd-B1a allele is linked with high anther extrusion and larger anthers. We identified an anther extrusion quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 6A that showed significantly biased transmission of the favourable Piko allele amongst F2 progenies. The Piko allele is completely absent in the distal 6AS region and the central 6A region revealed a significantly lower ratio (<8%) of F2 with homozygous Piko alleles. Our study provided further evidence for the effects of Rht-D1 and Ppd-B1 loci on multiple pollinator traits and a novel anther extrusion QTL that exhibits segregation distortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Okada
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia; and Present address: The Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide Health and Medical Science Building, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; and Corresponding author.
| | - J E A Ridma M Jayasinghe
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Paul Eckermann
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Nathan S Watson-Haigh
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Patricia Warner
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Mark E Williams
- Corteva Agriscience, 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA 50131-1004, USA
| | - Marc C Albertsen
- Corteva Agriscience, 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA 50131-1004, USA
| | - Ute Baumann
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Ryan Whitford
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
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Serra H, Svačina R, Baumann U, Whitford R, Sutton T, Bartoš J, Sourdille P. Ph2 encodes the mismatch repair protein MSH7-3D that inhibits wheat homoeologous recombination. Nat Commun 2021; 12:803. [PMID: 33547285 PMCID: PMC7865012 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Meiotic recombination is a critical process for plant breeding, as it creates novel allele combinations that can be exploited for crop improvement. In wheat, a complex allohexaploid that has a diploid-like behaviour, meiotic recombination between homoeologous or alien chromosomes is suppressed through the action of several loci. Here, we report positional cloning of Pairing homoeologous 2 (Ph2) and functional validation of the wheat DNA mismatch repair protein MSH7-3D as a key inhibitor of homoeologous recombination, thus solving a half-century-old question. Similar to ph2 mutant phenotype, we show that mutating MSH7-3D induces a substantial increase in homoeologous recombination (up to 5.5 fold) in wheat-wild relative hybrids, which is also associated with a reduction in homologous recombination. These data reveal a role for MSH7-3D in meiotic stabilisation of allopolyploidy and provides an opportunity to improve wheat's genetic diversity through alien gene introgression, a major bottleneck facing crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heïdi Serra
- Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, UMR 1095, INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France. .,Genetics, Reproduction and Development, CNRS, Inserm, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Radim Svačina
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ute Baumann
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Ryan Whitford
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Tim Sutton
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia.,South Australian Research and Development Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jan Bartoš
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pierre Sourdille
- Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, UMR 1095, INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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6
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Selva C, Riboni M, Baumann U, Würschum T, Whitford R, Tucker MR. Hybrid breeding in wheat: how shaping floral biology can offer new perspectives. Funct Plant Biol 2020; 47:675-694. [PMID: 32534601 DOI: 10.1071/fp19372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid breeding in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has the potential to deliver major yield increases. This is a requisite to guarantee food security for increasing population demands and to counterbalance the effects of extreme environmental conditions. Successful hybrid breeding in wheat relies on forced outcrossing while preventing self-pollination. To achieve this, research has been directed towards identifying and improving fertility control systems. To maximise cross-pollination and seed set, however, fertility control systems need to be complemented by breeding phenotypically distinct male and female lines. This review summarises existing and novel male sterility systems for wheat hybridisation. We also consider the genetic resources that can be used to alter wheat's floral development and spike morphology, with a focus on the genetic variation already available. Exploiting these resources can lead to enhanced outcrossing, a key requirement in the progress towards hybrid wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Selva
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Matteo Riboni
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Ute Baumann
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Tobias Würschum
- State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ryan Whitford
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia; and Corresponding authors. ;
| | - Matthew R Tucker
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia; and Corresponding authors. ;
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7
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Jia Y, Selva C, Zhang Y, Li B, McFawn LA, Broughton S, Zhang X, Westcott S, Wang P, Tan C, Angessa T, Xu Y, Whitford R, Li C. Uncovering the evolutionary origin of blue anthocyanins in cereal grains. Plant J 2020; 101:1057-1074. [PMID: 31571294 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Functional divergence after gene duplication plays a central role in plant evolution. Among cereals, only Hordeum vulgare (barley), Triticum aestivum (wheat) and Secale cereale (rye) accumulate delphinidin-derived (blue) anthocyanins in the aleurone layer of grains, whereas Oryza sativa (rice), Zea mays (maize) and Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) do not. The underlying genetic basis for this natural occurrence remains elusive. Here, we mapped the barley Blx1 locus involved in blue aleurone to an approximately 1.13 Mb genetic interval on chromosome 4HL, thus identifying a trigenic cluster named MbHF35 (containing HvMYB4H, HvMYC4H and HvF35H). Sequence and expression data supported the role of these genes in conferring blue-coloured (blue aleurone) grains. Synteny analyses across monocot species showed that MbHF35 has only evolved within distinct Triticeae lineages, as a result of dispersed gene duplication. Phylogeny analyses revealed a shared evolution pattern for MbHF35 in Triticeae, suggesting that these genes have co-evolved together. We also identified a Pooideae-specific flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H) lineage, termed here Mo_F35H2, which has a higher amino acid similarity with eudicot F3'5'Hs, demonstrating a scenario of convergent evolution. Indeed, selection tests identified 13 amino acid residues in Mo_F35H2 that underwent positive selection, possibly driven by protein thermostablility selection. Furthermore, through the interrogation of barley germplasm there is evidence that HvMYB4H and HvMYC4H have undergone human selection. Collectively, our study favours blue aleurone as a recently evolved trait resulting from environmental adaptation. Our findings provide an evolutionary explanation for the absence of blue anthocyanins in other cereals and highlight the importance of gene functional divergence for plant diversity and environmental adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jia
- Western Barley Genetic Alliance, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre (SABC), School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Caterina Selva
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Yujuan Zhang
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre (SABC), School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Bo Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434025, China
| | - Lee A McFawn
- Western Barley Genetic Alliance, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
- Department of Primary Industry and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, South Perth, WA, 6155, Australia
| | - Sue Broughton
- Western Barley Genetic Alliance, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
- Department of Primary Industry and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, South Perth, WA, 6155, Australia
| | - Xiaoqi Zhang
- Western Barley Genetic Alliance, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre (SABC), School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Sharon Westcott
- Western Barley Genetic Alliance, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
- Department of Primary Industry and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, South Perth, WA, 6155, Australia
| | - Penghao Wang
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre (SABC), School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Cong Tan
- Western Barley Genetic Alliance, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre (SABC), School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Tefera Angessa
- Western Barley Genetic Alliance, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
- Department of Primary Industry and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, South Perth, WA, 6155, Australia
| | - Yanhao Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434025, China
| | - Ryan Whitford
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Barley Genetic Alliance, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre (SABC), School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
- Department of Primary Industry and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, South Perth, WA, 6155, Australia
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8
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Arndell T, Sharma N, Langridge P, Baumann U, Watson-Haigh NS, Whitford R. gRNA validation for wheat genome editing with the CRISPR-Cas9 system. BMC Biotechnol 2019; 19:71. [PMID: 31684940 PMCID: PMC6829922 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0565-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a powerful and versatile tool for crop genome editing. However, achieving highly efficient and specific editing in polyploid species can be a challenge. The efficiency and specificity of the CRISPR-Cas9 system depends critically on the gRNA used. Here, we assessed the activities and specificities of seven gRNAs targeting 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) in hexaploid wheat protoplasts. EPSPS is the biological target of the widely used herbicide glyphosate. RESULTS The seven gRNAs differed substantially in their on-target activities, with mean indel frequencies ranging from 0% to approximately 20%. There was no obvious correlation between experimentally determined and in silico predicted on-target gRNA activity. The presence of a single mismatch within the seed region of the guide sequence greatly reduced but did not abolish gRNA activity, whereas the presence of an additional mismatch, or the absence of a PAM, all but abolished gRNA activity. Large insertions (≥20 bp) of DNA vector-derived sequence were detected at frequencies up to 8.5% of total indels. One of the gRNAs exhibited several properties that make it potentially suitable for the development of non-transgenic glyphosate resistant wheat. CONCLUSIONS We have established a rapid and reliable method for gRNA validation in hexaploid wheat protoplasts. The method can be used to identify gRNAs that have favourable properties. Our approach is particularly suited to polyploid species, but should be applicable to any plant species amenable to protoplast transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taj Arndell
- Present address: CSIRO, Agriculture and Food, Canberra, ACT Australia
| | - Niharika Sharma
- Present address: New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Research Excellence, Orange, NSW Australia
| | - Peter Langridge
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064 Australia
| | - Ute Baumann
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064 Australia
| | - Nathan S. Watson-Haigh
- Present address: Bioinformatics Hub, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Ryan Whitford
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064 Australia
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9
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Okada A, Arndell T, Borisjuk N, Sharma N, Watson‐Haigh NS, Tucker EJ, Baumann U, Langridge P, Whitford R. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of Ms1 enables the rapid generation of male-sterile hexaploid wheat lines for use in hybrid seed production. Plant Biotechnol J 2019; 17:1905-1913. [PMID: 30839150 PMCID: PMC6737020 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The development and adoption of hybrid seed technology have led to dramatic increases in agricultural productivity. However, it has been a challenge to develop a commercially viable platform for the production of hybrid wheat (Triticum aestivum) seed due to wheat's strong inbreeding habit. Recently, a novel platform for commercial hybrid seed production was described. This hybridization platform utilizes nuclear male sterility to force outcrossing and has been applied to maize and rice. With the recent molecular identification of the wheat male fertility gene Ms1, it is now possible to extend the use of this novel hybridization platform to wheat. In this report, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to generate heritable, targeted mutations in Ms1. The introduction of biallelic frameshift mutations into Ms1 resulted in complete male sterility in wheat cultivars Fielder and Gladius, and several of the selected male-sterile lines were potentially non-transgenic. Our study demonstrates the utility of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for the rapid generation of male sterility in commercial wheat cultivars. This represents an important step towards capturing heterosis to improve wheat yields, through the production and use of hybrid seed on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anzu Okada
- School of Agriculture, Food & WineThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Taj Arndell
- School of Agriculture, Food & WineThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Nikolai Borisjuk
- School of Agriculture, Food & WineThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Present address:
School of Life ScienceHuaiyin Normal UniversityHuai'anChina
| | - Niharika Sharma
- School of Agriculture, Food & WineThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Present address:
New South Wales Department of Primary IndustriesResearch ExcellenceOrangeNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Nathan S. Watson‐Haigh
- School of Agriculture, Food & WineThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Elise J. Tucker
- School of Agriculture, Food & WineThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Present address:
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Agriculture and FoodUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Ute Baumann
- School of Agriculture, Food & WineThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Peter Langridge
- School of Agriculture, Food & WineThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Ryan Whitford
- School of Agriculture, Food & WineThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
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10
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Pallotta MA, Warner P, Kouidri A, Tucker EJ, Baes M, Suchecki R, Watson-Haigh N, Okada T, Garcia M, Sandhu A, Singh M, Wolters P, Albertsen MC, Cigan AM, Baumann U, Whitford R. Wheat ms5 male-sterility is induced by recessive homoeologous A and D genome non-specific lipid transfer proteins. Plant J 2019; 99:673-685. [PMID: 31009129 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear male-sterile mutants with non-conditional, recessive and strictly monogenic inheritance are useful for both hybrid and conventional breeding systems, and have long been a research focus for many crops. In allohexaploid wheat, however, genic redundancy results in rarity of such mutants, with the ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutant ms5 among the few reported to date. Here, we identify TaMs5 as a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored lipid transfer protein required for normal pollen exine development, and by transgenic complementation demonstrate that TaMs5-A restores fertility to ms5. We show ms5 locates to a centromere-proximal interval and has a sterility inheritance pattern modulated by TaMs5-D but not TaMs5-B. We describe two allelic forms of TaMs5-D, one of which is non-functional and confers mono-factorial inheritance of sterility. The second form is functional but shows incomplete dominance. Consistent with reduced functionality, transcript abundance in developing anthers was found to be lower for TaMs5-D than TaMs5-A. At the 3B homoeolocus, we found only non-functional alleles among 178 diverse hexaploid and tetraploid wheats that include landraces and Triticum dicoccoides. Apparent ubiquity of non-functional TaMs5-B alleles suggests loss-of-function arose early in wheat evolution and, therefore, at most knockout of two homoeoloci is required for sterility. This work provides genetic information, resources and tools required for successful implementation of ms5 sterility in breeding systems for bread and durum wheats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A Pallotta
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Patricia Warner
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Allan Kouidri
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Elise J Tucker
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Mathieu Baes
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Radoslaw Suchecki
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Nathan Watson-Haigh
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Takashi Okada
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Melissa Garcia
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Ajay Sandhu
- DuPont Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA, 50131-0552, USA
| | - Manjit Singh
- DuPont Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA, 50131-0552, USA
| | - Petra Wolters
- DuPont Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA, 50131-0552, USA
| | - Marc C Albertsen
- DuPont Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA, 50131-0552, USA
| | - A Mark Cigan
- DuPont Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA, 50131-0552, USA
| | - Ute Baumann
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Ryan Whitford
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
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11
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Okada T, Jayasinghe JEARM, Eckermann P, Watson-Haigh NS, Warner P, Hendrikse Y, Baes M, Tucker EJ, Laga H, Kato K, Albertsen M, Wolters P, Fleury D, Baumann U, Whitford R. Effects of Rht-B1 and Ppd-D1 loci on pollinator traits in wheat. Theor Appl Genet 2019; 132:1965-1979. [PMID: 30899967 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03329-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Elite wheat pollinators are critical for successful hybrid breeding. We identified Rht-B1 and Ppd-D1 loci affecting multiple pollinator traits and therefore represent major targets for improving hybrid seed production. Hybrid breeding has a great potential to significantly boost wheat yields. Ideal male pollinators would be taller in stature, contain many spikelets well-spaced along the spike and exhibit high extrusion of large anthers. Most importantly, flowering time would match with that of the female parent. Available genetic resources for developing an elite wheat pollinator are limited, and the genetic basis for many of these traits is largely unknown. Here, we report on the genetic analysis of pollinator traits using biparental mapping populations. We identified two anther extrusion QTLs of medium effect, one on chromosome 1BL and the other on 4BS coinciding with the semi-dwarfing Rht-B1 locus. The effect of Rht-B1 alleles on anther extrusion is genotype dependent, while tall plant Rht-B1a allele is consistently associated with large anthers. Multiple QTLs were identified at the Ppd-D1 locus for anther length, spikelet number and spike length, with the photoperiod-sensitive Ppd-D1b allele associated with favourable pollinator traits in the populations studied. We also demonstrated that homeoloci, Rht-D1 and Ppd-B1, influence anther length among other traits. These results suggest that combinations of Rht-B1 and Ppd-D1 alleles control multiple pollinator traits and should be major targets of hybrid wheat breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Okada
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Plant Genomics Centre, University of Adelaide, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia.
| | - J E A Ridma M Jayasinghe
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Plant Genomics Centre, University of Adelaide, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Paul Eckermann
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Plant Genomics Centre, University of Adelaide, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Nathan S Watson-Haigh
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Plant Genomics Centre, University of Adelaide, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Patricia Warner
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Plant Genomics Centre, University of Adelaide, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Yonina Hendrikse
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Plant Genomics Centre, University of Adelaide, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Mathieu Baes
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Plant Genomics Centre, University of Adelaide, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Elise J Tucker
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Plant Genomics Centre, University of Adelaide, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Hamid Laga
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
- Phenomics and Bioinformatics Research Centre, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Kenji Kato
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Marc Albertsen
- DuPont-Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA, 50131-0552, USA
| | - Petra Wolters
- DuPont-Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA, 50131-0552, USA
| | - Delphine Fleury
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Plant Genomics Centre, University of Adelaide, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Ute Baumann
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Plant Genomics Centre, University of Adelaide, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Ryan Whitford
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Plant Genomics Centre, University of Adelaide, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
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Kouidri A, Baumann U, Okada T, Baes M, Tucker EJ, Whitford R. Wheat TaMs1 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored lipid transfer protein necessary for pollen development. BMC Plant Biol 2018; 18:332. [PMID: 30518316 PMCID: PMC6280385 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1557-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In flowering plants, lipid biosynthesis and transport within anthers is essential for male reproductive success. TaMs1, a dominant wheat fertility gene located on chromosome 4BS, has been previously fine mapped and identified to encode a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored non-specific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP). Although this gene is critical for pollen exine development, details of its function remains poorly understood. RESULTS In this study, we report that TaMs1 is only expressed from the B sub-genome, with highest transcript abundance detected in anthers containing microspores undergoing pre-meiosis through to meiosis. β-glucuronidase transcriptional fusions further revealed that TaMs1 is expressed throughout all anther cell-types. TaMs1 was identified to be expressed at an earlier stage of anther development relative to genes reported to be necessary for sporopollenin precursor biosynthesis. In anthers missing a functional TaMs1 (ms1c deletion mutant), these same genes were not observed to be mis-regulated, indicating an independent function for TaMs1 in pollen development. Exogenous hormone treatments on GUS reporter lines suggest that TaMs1 expression is increased by both indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA). Translational fusion constructs showed that TaMs1 is targeted to the plasma membrane. CONCLUSIONS In summary, TaMs1 is a wheat fertility gene, expressed early in anther development and encodes a GPI-LTP targeted to the plasma membrane. The work presented provides a new insight into the process of wheat pollen development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Kouidri
- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Ute Baumann
- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Takashi Okada
- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Mathieu Baes
- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064 Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Agriculture and Food, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Elise J. Tucker
- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064 Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Agriculture and Food, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Ryan Whitford
- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064 Australia
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13
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Kouidri A, Whitford R, Suchecki R, Kalashyan E, Baumann U. Genome-wide identification and analysis of non-specific Lipid Transfer Proteins in hexaploid wheat. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17087. [PMID: 30459322 PMCID: PMC6244205 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35375-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-specific Lipid Transfer Proteins (nsLTPs) are involved in numerous biological processes. To date, only a fraction of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) nsLTPs (TaLTPs) have been identified, and even fewer have been functionally analysed. In this study, the identification, classification, phylogenetic reconstruction, chromosome distribution, functional annotation and expression profiles of TaLTPs were analysed. 461 putative TaLTPs were identified from the wheat genome and classified into five types (1, 2, C, D and G). Phylogenetic analysis of the TaLTPs along with nsLTPs from Arabidopsis thaliana and rice, showed that all five types were shared across species, however, some type 2 TaLTPs formed wheat-specific clades. Gene duplication analysis indicated that tandem duplications contributed to the expansion of this gene family in wheat. Analysis of RNA sequencing data showed that TaLTPs were expressed in most tissues and stages of wheat development. Further, we refined the expression profile of anther-enriched expressed genes, and identified potential cis-elements regulating their expression specificity. This analysis provides a valuable resource towards elucidating the function of TaLTP family members during wheat development, aids our understanding of the evolution and expansion of the TaLTP gene family and, additionally, provides new information for developing wheat male-sterile lines with application to hybrid breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Kouidri
- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Ryan Whitford
- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Radoslaw Suchecki
- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia, 5064, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Agriculture and Food, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Elena Kalashyan
- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Ute Baumann
- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia, 5064, Australia.
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Okada T, Jayasinghe JEARM, Nansamba M, Baes M, Warner P, Kouidri A, Correia D, Nguyen V, Whitford R, Baumann U. Unfertilized ovary pushes wheat flower open for cross-pollination. J Exp Bot 2018; 69:399-412. [PMID: 29202197 PMCID: PMC5853862 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Bread wheat is strongly autogamous; however, an opportunity for outcrossing occurs when self-pollination fails and florets open. The first phase of floret opening at anthesis is short and induced by lodicule turgidity. Some wheat florets re-open post-anthesis for several days, known as the 'second opening', for which the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. We performed detailed physiological, anatomical, and histological investigations to understand the biological basis of the flower opening process. Wheat florets were observed open when the ovary was unfertilized. Unfertilized ovaries significantly increased in radial size post-anthesis, pushing the lemma and palea apart to open the florets. The absence of fertile pollen was not directly linked to this, but anther filament elongation coincided with initiation of ovary swelling. The pericarp of unfertilized ovaries did not undergo degeneration as normally seen in developing grains, instead pericarp cells remained intact and enlarged, leading to increased ovary radial size. This is a novel role for the ovary pericarp in wheat flower opening, and the knowledge is useful for facilitating cross-pollination in hybrid breeding. Ovary swelling may represent a survival mechanism in autogamous cereals such as wheat and barley, ensuring seed set in the absence of self-fertilization and increasing genetic diversity through cross-pollination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Okada
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - J E A Ridma M Jayasinghe
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Moureen Nansamba
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Mathieu Baes
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Patricia Warner
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Allan Kouidri
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - David Correia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Vy Nguyen
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Ryan Whitford
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Ute Baumann
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
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Tucker EJ, Baumann U, Kouidri A, Suchecki R, Baes M, Garcia M, Okada T, Dong C, Wu Y, Sandhu A, Singh M, Langridge P, Wolters P, Albertsen MC, Cigan AM, Whitford R. Molecular identification of the wheat male fertility gene Ms1 and its prospects for hybrid breeding. Nat Commun 2017; 8:869. [PMID: 29021581 PMCID: PMC5636796 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00945-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The current rate of yield gain in crops is insufficient to meet the predicted demands. Capturing the yield boost from heterosis is one of the few technologies that offers rapid gain. Hybrids are widely used for cereals, maize and rice, but it has been a challenge to develop a viable hybrid system for bread wheat due to the wheat genome complexity, which is both large and hexaploid. Wheat is our most widely grown crop providing 20% of the calories for humans. Here, we describe the identification of Ms1, a gene proposed for use in large-scale, low-cost production of male-sterile (ms) female lines necessary for hybrid wheat seed production. We show that Ms1 completely restores fertility to ms1d, and encodes a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored lipid transfer protein, necessary for pollen exine development. This represents a key step towards developing a robust hybridization platform in wheat.Heterosis can rapidly boost yield in crop species but development of hybrid-breeding systems for bread wheat remains a challenge. Here, Tucker et al. describe the molecular identification of the wheat Ms1 gene and discuss its potential for large-scale hybrid seed production in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise J Tucker
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Ute Baumann
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Allan Kouidri
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Radoslaw Suchecki
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Mathieu Baes
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Melissa Garcia
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Takashi Okada
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Chongmei Dong
- Plant Breeding Institute, University of Sydney, PMB 4011, Narellan,, NSW 2567, Australia
| | - Yongzhong Wu
- DuPont Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA 50131-0552, USA
| | - Ajay Sandhu
- DuPont Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA 50131-0552, USA
| | - Manjit Singh
- DuPont Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA 50131-0552, USA
| | - Peter Langridge
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Petra Wolters
- DuPont Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA 50131-0552, USA
| | - Marc C Albertsen
- DuPont Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA 50131-0552, USA
| | - A Mark Cigan
- DuPont Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc., 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA 50131-0552, USA
| | - Ryan Whitford
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia.
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16
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Ferdous J, Whitford R, Nguyen M, Brien C, Langridge P, Tricker PJ. Drought-inducible expression of Hv-miR827 enhances drought tolerance in transgenic barley. Funct Integr Genomics 2016; 17:279-292. [PMID: 27730426 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-016-0526-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses reducing crop yield. Since the discovery of plant microRNAs (miRNAs), considerable progress has been made in clarifying their role in plant responses to abiotic stresses, including drought. miR827 was previously reported to confer drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. We examined barley (Hordeum vulgare L. 'Golden Promise') plants over-expressing miR827 for plant performance under drought. Transgenic plants constitutively expressing CaMV-35S::Ath-miR827 and drought-inducible Zm-Rab17::Hv-miR827 were phenotyped by non-destructive imaging for growth and whole plant water use efficiency (WUEwp). We observed that the growth, WUEwp, time to anthesis and grain weight of transgenic barley plants expressing CaMV-35S::Ath-miR827 were negatively affected in both well-watered and drought-treated growing conditions compared with the wild-type plants. In contrast, transgenic plants over-expressing Zm-Rab17::Hv-miR827 showed improved WUEwp with no growth or reproductive timing change compared with the wild-type plants. The recovery of Zm-Rab17::Hv-miR827 over-expressing plants also improved following severe drought stress. Our results suggest that Hv-miR827 has the potential to improve the performance of barley under drought and that the choice of promoter to control the timing and specificity of miRNA expression is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannatul Ferdous
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, Adelaide, South Australia, 5064, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Ryan Whitford
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, Adelaide, South Australia, 5064, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Martin Nguyen
- Phenomics and Bioinformatics Research Centre, School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Chris Brien
- Phenomics and Bioinformatics Research Centre, School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Peter Langridge
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Penny J Tricker
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, Plant Genomics Centre, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, Adelaide, South Australia, 5064, Australia.
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia.
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17
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Nagahatenna DSK, Langridge P, Whitford R. Tetrapyrrole-based drought stress signalling. Plant Biotechnol J 2015; 13:447-59. [PMID: 25756609 PMCID: PMC5054908 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Tetrapyrroles such as chlorophyll and heme play a vital role in primary plant metabolic processes such as photosynthesis and respiration. Over the past decades, extensive genetic and molecular analyses have provided valuable insights into the complex regulatory network of the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis. However, tetrapyrroles are also implicated in abiotic stress tolerance, although the mechanisms are largely unknown. With recent reports demonstrating that modified tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in plants confers wilting avoidance, a component physiological trait to drought tolerance, it is now timely that this pathway be reviewed in the context of drought stress signalling. In this review, the significance of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis under drought stress is addressed, with particular emphasis on the inter-relationships with major stress signalling cascades driven by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and organellar retrograde signalling. We propose that unlike the chlorophyll branch, the heme branch of the pathway plays a key role in mediating intracellular drought stress signalling and stimulating ROS detoxification under drought stress. Determining how the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway is involved in stress signalling provides an opportunity to identify gene targets for engineering drought-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilrukshi S. K. Nagahatenna
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional GenomicsSchool of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideGlen OsmondSAAustralia
| | - Peter Langridge
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional GenomicsSchool of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideGlen OsmondSAAustralia
| | - Ryan Whitford
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional GenomicsSchool of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideGlen OsmondSAAustralia
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18
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Whitford R, Fleury D, Reif JC, Garcia M, Okada T, Korzun V, Langridge P. Hybrid breeding in wheat: technologies to improve hybrid wheat seed production. J Exp Bot 2013; 64:5411-28. [PMID: 24179097 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Global food security demands the development and delivery of new technologies to increase and secure cereal production on finite arable land without increasing water and fertilizer use. There are several options for boosting wheat yields, but most offer only small yield increases. Wheat is an inbred plant, and hybrids hold the potential to deliver a major lift in yield and will open a wide range of new breeding opportunities. A series of technological advances are needed as a base for hybrid wheat programmes. These start with major changes in floral development and architecture to separate the sexes and force outcrossing. Male sterility provides the best method to block self-fertilization, and modifying the flower structure will enhance pollen access. The recent explosion in genomic resources and technologies provides new opportunities to overcome these limitations. This review outlines the problems with existing hybrid wheat breeding systems and explores molecular-based technologies that could improve the hybrid production system to reduce hybrid seed production costs, a prerequisite for a commercial hybrid wheat system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Whitford
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia
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Whitford R, Fernandez A, Tejos R, Pérez AC, Kleine-Vehn J, Vanneste S, Drozdzecki A, Leitner J, Abas L, Aerts M, Hoogewijs K, Baster P, De Groodt R, Lin YC, Storme V, Van de Peer Y, Beeckman T, Madder A, Devreese B, Luschnig C, Friml J, Hilson P. GOLVEN secretory peptides regulate auxin carrier turnover during plant gravitropic responses. Dev Cell 2012. [PMID: 22421050 DOI: 10.1016/j.devel.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Growth and development are coordinated by an array of intercellular communications. Known plant signaling molecules include phytohormones and hormone peptides. Although both classes can be implicated in the same developmental processes, little is known about the interplay between phytohormone action and peptide signaling within the cellular microenvironment. We show that genes coding for small secretory peptides, designated GOLVEN (GLV), modulate the distribution of the phytohormone auxin. The deregulation of the GLV function impairs the formation of auxin gradients and alters the reorientation of shoots and roots after a gravity stimulus. Specifically, the GLV signal modulates the trafficking dynamics of the auxin efflux carrier PIN-FORMED2 involved in root tropic responses and meristem organization. Our work links the local action of secretory peptides with phytohormone transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Whitford
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
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Whitford R, Fernandez A, Tejos R, Pérez A, Kleine-Vehn J, Vanneste S, Drozdzecki A, Leitner J, Abas L, Aerts M, Hoogewijs K, Baster P, De Groodt R, Lin YC, Storme V, Van de Peer Y, Beeckman T, Madder A, Devreese B, Luschnig C, Friml J, Hilson P. GOLVEN Secretory Peptides Regulate Auxin Carrier Turnover during Plant Gravitropic Responses. Dev Cell 2012; 22:678-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Mortier V, Den Herder G, Whitford R, Van de Velde W, Rombauts S, D'haeseleer K, Holsters M, Goormachtig S. CLE peptides control Medicago truncatula nodulation locally and systemically. Plant Physiol 2010; 153:222-37. [PMID: 20348212 PMCID: PMC2862434 DOI: 10.1104/pp.110.153718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The CLAVATA3/embryo-surrounding region (CLE) peptides control the fine balance between proliferation and differentiation in plant development. We studied the role of CLE peptides during indeterminate nodule development and identified 25 MtCLE peptide genes in the Medicago truncatula genome, of which two genes, MtCLE12 and MtCLE13, had nodulation-related expression patterns that were linked to proliferation and differentiation. MtCLE13 expression was up-regulated early in nodule development. A high-to-low expression gradient radiated from the inner toward the outer cortical cell layers in a region defining the incipient nodule. At later stages, MtCLE12 and MtCLE13 were expressed in differentiating nodules and in the apical part of mature, elongated nodules. Functional analysis revealed a putative role for MtCLE12 and MtCLE13 in autoregulation of nodulation, a mechanism that controls the number of nodules and involves systemic signals mediated by a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase, SUNN, which is active in the shoot. When MtCLE12 and MtCLE13 were ectopically expressed in transgenic roots, nodulation was abolished at the level of the nodulation factor signal transduction, and this inhibition involved long-distance signaling. In addition, composite plants with roots ectopically expressing MtCLE12 or MtCLE13 had elongated petioles. This systemic effect was not observed in transgenic roots ectopically expressing MtCLE12 and MtCLE13 in a sunn-1 mutant background, although nodulation was still strongly reduced. These results suggest multiple roles for CLE signaling in nodulation.
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Underwood BA, Vanderhaeghen R, Whitford R, Town CD, Hilson P. Simultaneous high-throughput recombinational cloning of open reading frames in closed and open configurations. Plant Biotechnol J 2006; 4:317-24. [PMID: 17147637 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2006.00183.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive open reading frame (ORF) clone collections, ORFeomes, are key components of functional genomics projects. When recombinational cloning systems are used to capture ORFs in master clones, these DNA sequences can be easily transferred into a variety of expression plasmids, each designed for a specific assay. Depending on downstream applications, an ORF is cloned either with or without a stop codon at its original position, referred to as closed or open configuration, respectively. The former is preferred when the encoded protein is produced in its native form or with an amino-terminal tag; the latter is obligatory when the protein is produced as a fusion with a carboxyl-terminal tag. We developed a streamlined protocol for high-throughput, simultaneous cloning of both open and closed ORF entry clones with the Gateway recombinational cloning system. The protocol is straightforward to set up in large-scale ORF cloning projects, and is cost-effective, because the initial ORF amplification and the cloning in a pDONR vector are performed only once to obtain the two ORF configurations. We illustrated its implementation for the isolation and validation of 346 Arabidopsis ORF entry clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly A Underwood
- The Institute for Genomic Research, 9712 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
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Whitford R, Baumann U, Sutton T, Gumaelius L, Wolters P, Tingey S, Able JA, Langridge P. Identification of transposons, retroelements, and a gene family predominantly expressed in floral tissues in chromosome 3DS of the hexaploid wheat progenitor Aegilops tauschii. Funct Integr Genomics 2006; 7:37-52. [PMID: 16534632 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-006-0026-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2005] [Revised: 01/30/2006] [Accepted: 01/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A multigene family expressed during early floral development was identified on the short arm of wheat chromosome 3D in the region of the Ph2 locus, a locus controlling homoeologous chromosome pairing in allohexaploid wheat. Physical, genetic and molecular characterisation of the Wheat Meiosis 1 (WM1) gene family identified seven members that localised within a region of 173-kb. WM1 gene family members were sequenced and they encode mainly type Ia plasma membrane-anchored leucine rich repeat-like receptor proteins. In situ expression profiling suggests the gene family is predominantly expressed in floral tissue. In addition to the WM1 gene family, a number of other genes, gene fragments and pseudogenes were identified. It has been predicted that there is approximately one gene every 19-kb and that this region of the wheat genome contains 23 repetitive elements including BARE-1 and Wis2-1 like sequences. Nearly 50% of the repetitive elements identified were similar to known transposons from the CACTA superfamily. Ty1-copia, Ty3-gypsy and Athila LTR retroelements were also prevalent within the region. The WM1 gene cluster is present on 3DS and on barley 3HS but missing from the A and B genomes of hexaploid wheat. This suggests either recent generation of the cluster or specific deletion of the cluster during wheat polyploidisation. The evolutionary significance of the cluster, its possible roles in disease response or floral and early meiotic development and its location at or near the Ph2 locus are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Whitford
- Molecular Plant Breeding Cooperative Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB1, Glen Osmond, 5064, South Australia, Australia
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Dong C, Thomas S, Becker D, Lörz H, Whitford R, Sutton T, Able JA, Langridge P. WM5: Isolation and characterisation of a gene expressed during early meiosis and shoot meristem development in wheat. Funct Plant Biol 2005; 32:249-258. [PMID: 32689128 DOI: 10.1071/fp04198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2004] [Accepted: 02/10/2005] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wheat Meiosis 5 (WM5), isolated from an early meiosis anther cDNA library of wheat by cDNA subtraction encodes a novel glycine-serine-proline-alanine-rich protein. The corresponding homologous genes are located on the short arms of chromosomes 3A, 3B and 3D of allohexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The copy on 3DS is located within the region deleted in the wheat mutant ph2a that displays increased homoeologous chromosome pairing in crosses with alien species. While WM5 is expressed primarily in young flower buds during early meiosis it is also expressed in shoot meristems, thus indicating functional roles in both meiosis and meristem development. Overall, the WM5 amino acid sequence shares no significant similarity with other known proteins in the NCBI database. However, the carboxyl-terminal region does have similarity with the Arabidopsis PDF1 (Protodermal Factor 1) protein. Comparing WM5 and PDF1 reveals that the two proteins share 33% identity and have similar hydropathy plots and predicted secondary structures. In situ immuno-staining locates the protein to the nuclei of pollen mother cells undergoing meiosis and the epidermal layer of the shoot and flower meristem, including the cell wall and cuticle. We propose that the WM5 protein has a role in shoot and flower development within this economically important cereal crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongmei Dong
- Molecular Plant Breeding Cooperative Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Stephen Thomas
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Dirk Becker
- Applied Plant Molecular Biology II, University of Hamburg, Ohnhorststrasse 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Horst Lörz
- Applied Plant Molecular Biology II, University of Hamburg, Ohnhorststrasse 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ryan Whitford
- Molecular Plant Breeding Cooperative Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Tim Sutton
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Jason A Able
- Molecular Plant Breeding Cooperative Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Peter Langridge
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
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Sutton T, Whitford R, Baumann U, Dong C, Able JA, Langridge P. The Ph2 pairing homoeologous locus of wheat (Triticum aestivum): identification of candidate meiotic genes using a comparative genetics approach. Plant J 2003; 36:443-56. [PMID: 14617076 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.2003.01891.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Colinearity in gene content and order between rice and closely related grass species has emerged as a powerful tool for gene identification. Using a comparative genetics approach, we have identified the rice genomic region syntenous to the region deleted in the wheat chromosome pairing mutant ph2a, with a view to identifying genes at the Ph2 locus that control meiotic processes. Utilising markers known to reside within the region deleted in ph2a, and data from wheat, barley and rice genetic maps, markers delimiting the region deleted on wheat chromosome 3DS in the ph2a mutant were used to locate the syntenous region on the short arm of rice chromosome 1. A contig of rice genomic sequence was identified from publicly available sequence information and used in blast searches to identify wheat expressed sequence tags (ESTs) exhibiting significant similarity. Southern analysis using a subset of identified wheat ESTs confirmed a syntenous relationship between the rice and wheat genomic regions and defined precisely the extent of the deleted segment in the ph2a mutant. A 6.58-Mb rice contig generated from 60 overlapping rice chromosome 1 P1 artificial chromosome (PAC) clones spanning the syntenous rice region has enabled identification of 218 wheat ESTs putatively located in the region deleted in ph2a. What seems to be a terminal deletion on chromosome 3DS is estimated to be 80 Mb in length. Putative candidate genes that may contribute to the altered meiotic phenotype of ph2a are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Sutton
- Molecular Plant Breeding Cooperative Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Wine, The University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
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Abstract
DNA mismatch repair is an essential system for maintaining genetic stability in bacteria and higher eukaryotes. Based on the conserved regions of the bacterial MutS gene and its homologues in yeast and human, a wheat cDNA homologue of MSH6, designated TaMSH7, was isolated by RT-PCR. The deduced amino acid sequence of TaMSH7 shows conserved domains characteristic of other MSH6 genes, with highest similarity to maize MSH7 and Arabidopsis MSH7. TaMSH7 is expressed in meristem tissue associated with a high level of mitotic and meiotic activity, with maximum expression in the reproductive organs of young flower spikes. TaMSH7 is located on the short arms of chromosomes 3A, 3B, and 3D and has been mapped within barley chromosome 3HS. The copy on 3DS is located within the region deleted in the wheat mutant ph2a, which shows altered recombination frequency in the interspecific hybrids. The relationship between the ph2a mutant and TaMSH7 gene function is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongmei Dong
- Cooperative Research Centre for Molecular Plant Breeding, Department of Plant Science, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
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