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Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: Impact on Body Mass Index and Thyroid Hormones in Euthyroid Obese Patients. Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e942692. [PMID: 38102820 PMCID: PMC10731805 DOI: 10.12659/msm.942692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is still a major global public health problem and its incidence is increasing. Obesity leads to deterioration in thyroid functions. Even when they are within normal ranges, high normal levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) increase morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the body mass index (BMI) and TSH levels in 300 euthyroid patients with obesity before and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 300 euthyroid patients who underwent LSG between 2019 and 2021 were included in the study. Body mass index (BMI), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and free triiodothyronine (FT) 3 and tetraiodothyronine (FT4) levels were recorded before surgery and at 6 and 12 months after surgery and subsequently analyzed. RESULTS Mean BMI values were significantly lower at 6 and 12 months after surgery (P<0.001). There was a significant difference between mean TSH and FT4 levels before surgery and those at 6 and 12 months after surgery (P<0.001). However, mean FT3 levels remained unchanged 1 year after surgery (P=0.005). CONCLUSIONS LSG is not only effective in terms of weight loss, but also exhibits improving effects on thyroid hormone homeostasis in obese patients and provides protection against further adverse effects of TSH.
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[Potential therapeutic implication of focal adhesion kinase in small-cell lung cancer]. Rev Mal Respir 2023; 40:222-224. [PMID: 36828677 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The molecular steps leading to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) development and progression are still poorly understood, resulting in the absence of targeted therapy and an extremely poor prognosis. Activation of Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) plays a key role in the invasive behavior of this cancer in vitro. Our hypothesis is that FAK could be a therapeutic target in SCLC. Our work aims to describe a mouse model to study the role of FAK and the antitumoral potential of its inhibition in SCLC in vivo.
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Développement d’un modèle murin pour étudier le potentiel thérapeutique de la kinase de l’adhérence focale dans le cancer pulmonaire à petites cellules. Rev Mal Respir 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2022.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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Neurocognitive testing in predicting conversion to Alzheimer's disease. CHEMOSENS PERCEPT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12078-022-09306-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects memory, thinking, attention, and emotion or AD. Smelling problems are frequent symptoms of dementia. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether it is possible to predict if someone with anosmia or hyposmia has a higher risk of getting dementia or even AD.
Methods
This study was a retrospective longitudinal study, and the data used were part of a larger research project, the Vienna Conversion to Dementia Study. The 173 participants were divided into four groups based on cognitive features such as healthy control (HC), subjective cognitive decline (SCD), non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment (naMCI), and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Olfactory assessment and neurocognitive assessment were administered.
Results
We found that 30.5% of aMCI patients converted into AD after an average of about two years. The corresponding ROC analyses for olfactory testing showed that Sniffin’ Sticks revealed significant results regarding the conversion to AD, whereas the Assessment of Self-Reported Olfactory Functioning and olfaction-related quality of life (ASOF) inventory using the Subjective Olfactory Capability (SOC) subscale, the Smell-Related Problems (SRP) subscale, and the Olfaction-Related Quality of life (ORQ) did not. A logistic regression showed that among the olfactory test procedures, only the Sniffin’ Sticks enabled a relevant prognosis. Including neurocognitive measures in the model, only VSRT and the Trail Making Test-B. The other predictors did not contribute to the prediction of conversion to AD.
Conclusion
Unlike self-reporting of olfactory functioning, olfactory testing using standardized tests may have potential for predicting dementia, especially AD. However, olfactory tests have lower predictive power than neurocognitive tests such as verbal memory and divided attention tests.
Implications
Diagnostic tools for predicting dementia as accurately and early as possible are important. Olfactory assessment, compared to neurocognitive tests for verbal memory and divided attention, is inferior in predicting the prognosis of AD.
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COVID-19 outbreak and acute appendicitis: Does the lockdown has a influence on appendectomies?-A single center retrospective cohort study. Turk J Surg 2022; 38:175-179. [PMID: 36483169 PMCID: PMC9714647 DOI: 10.47717/turkjsurg.2022.5440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Healthcare systems have been negatively affected from COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. Elective surgical procedures were postponed and conservative treatment options were considered even in urgent conditions. This study aimed to explore the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on urgent appendectomy in a pandemic hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients on whom appendectomy was performed between March 2020- June 2020 were included into the study (pandemic group). For comparison, control group patients were selected in the same period of 2019 (control group). Patients' demographics, laboratory and radiological findings, length of hospital stay, complications and histopathological findings of the groups were compared. RESULTS Forty-six patients were included in pandemic group and and one hundred-one in the control group. Patient characteristics were similar in both groups. There were no significant differences in type of surgery, complications, laboratory and histopathological findings. In the control group, length of hospital stay was longer when compared with the pandemic group. CONCLUSION Although the number of appendectomies performed decreased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, perioperative parameters were similar in both groups.
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A comparison of hernia sac ligation versus invagination in Lichtenstein tension-free mesh hernioplasty: does the type of hernia play a role in outcomes? Hernia 2022; 26:1153-1159. [PMID: 35725851 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-022-02637-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of the indirect hernial sac in inguinal hernia repairs has long been a subject of debate among general surgeons. Although hernial sac high ligation (HL) is a time-honored concept in groin hernia surgery, non-ligation/invagination is gaining popularity. This study was intended to compare the effects of hernia sac ligation and invagination in patients undergoing Lichtenstein mesh hernioplasty (LMH). Another aim was to investigate the possible association between the hernial defect size and postoperative early pain in both groups. METHODS Patients with indirect inguinal hernia undergoing elective LMH under spinal anesthesia were included in this prospective randomized study. Patients were classified according to European Hernia Society (EHS) criteria and were randomized into two groups, HL and non-HL/invagination. Postoperative pain levels at 6, 12, and 24 h, 7 days, and 1 year were compared using a ten-point visual analog scale (VAS). In addition, recurrence was examined in the postoperative first year. Postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, drain use, and surgery times were evaluated as secondary outcomes. This study was registered at www. CLINICALTRIALS gov . (The clinicaltrials.gov ID number is: NCT05308251). RESULTS Ninety-three out of a total of 108 patients were included in the study between January 2020 and January 2021 (HL group n = 44, non-HL group n = 49). Demographic characteristics were comparable between the groups. Mean VAS scores were significantly higher in the HL group at 6 and 12 h postoperatively (p < 0.05 and p = 0.036 respectively). While there was no difference in pain levels between the groups in EHS 1 and EHS 2 hernias (p > 0.05 for all), VAS scores were significantly higher in the ligation group in EHS 3 hernias (p < 0.05 for all). Recurrence and complication rates were unaffected with non-ligation at a median 18 months follow-up. CONCLUSION Hernia sac invagination was superior to ligation in patients who underwent LMH, as it reduced early postoperative pain levels without disturbing repair integrity. We therefore recommend that ligating the hernial sac be avoided, especially in EHS 3 patients who undergo LMH.
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Dramatic response to albendazole in transplantation candidates with unresectable hepatic alveolar hydatid disease. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e04666. [PMID: 34457290 PMCID: PMC8380084 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term albendazole treatment should be given to all patients with unresectable hepatic alveolar echinococcosis as dramatic regression is possible in 15%-20%. It may be prudent to prepare a living donor for possible salvage transplant in case of a severe complication. Preemptive transplantation in mildly symptomatic patients should be discouraged.
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Comparison Of Emergency And Elective Colorectal Cancer Surgery- A Single Center Experience. POLISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2021; 93:40-42. [PMID: 33949324 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.8104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION About one-third of colorectal cancer surgery are performed as urgent surgery. This retrospective study aims to compare urgent surgery with patients those performed elective colorectal cancer surgery. Matherials and Methods: One hundred and sixty patients data those performed colorectal cancer surgery were analysed retrospectively. Patients were divided into two group; urgent surgery group (n=29) and elective surgery group (n=131). Demographics and clinicopathological features of the groups were compared. RESULTS There were no significant difference between groups in terms of age,blood transfusion requirement, additional surgical intervetion. Urgent surgery was performed more frequently in male patients .Urgent surgery has higher complication rates but no significant difference were observed in length of hospital stay. Total harvested lymph node number were similar between groups but in urgent surgery group metastatic lymph node number was significantly higher. CONCLUSION Urgent colorectal resections for colorectal cancers can be performed with regarding the oncological principles.
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P72.10 Prognostic Significance of IgA+ B Cells in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Congenital factor XIII deficiency with the presence of inhibitor: a case report. Leuk Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(19)30416-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Computation of gamma radioactivity of natural rocks in the vicinity of Antalya province and its effect on health. KERNTECHNIK 2018. [DOI: 10.3139/124.110895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe aim of this study is to determine uranium (238U), potassium (40K) and thorium (232Th) in the radioactive elements by measuring the natural rocks in the vicinity of Antalya province by using High-purity Germanium (HPGe) Detector with gamma spectrometry 69. At the end of the measurements, total absorbed dose rates of the rock samples have been found to be within the normal range of values between 3.10 nGy/h and 117.35 nGy/h. While the minimum value of Raeq has been determined to be 6.36 Bq/kg at sample S8, the maximum value has been determined as 250.15 Bq/kg at sample S4. All of the values obtained at the end of the study have been determined to be lower than the maximum Raeq value (370 Bq/kg) and the limit values for industrial products which ranges between 370 – 740 Bq/kg. ARa, ATh and AK; 232Th, 40K and 226Ra of radionuclides are the activity concentrations in terms of Bq/kg. The hex value should be less than 1. The value is based on the upper limit of Raeq (370 Bq/kg). All of the results obtained are less than the limit value of 1.
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Comparison of East and West Survival Nomograms in Turkish Gastric Cancer Patients Who Underwent Radical Surgery. Scand J Surg 2018; 107:308-314. [PMID: 29637843 DOI: 10.1177/1457496918766724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The clinicopathological demonstrations of gastric cancer vary widely between Eastern and Western countries. Turkey is situated in Europe and Middle East which acts as a bridge between east and west. We aimed to validate the two popular nomograms of east and west origin by means of patients who underwent curative surgery for gastric cancer in our country. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Of the 202 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer between the years 2006 and 2013, 145 of these patients whose data were sufficient were included in the study. For all patients, demographic, laboratory, operative, and pathologic findings were documented. For each patient, prognostic factors were incorporated into the nomograms for estimating 5-year survival probability. RESULTS: For a Turkish cohort, the western nomogram showed a better discriminative capacity (AUC = 0.721, 95% confidence interval 0.637-0.806) and was better calibrated (the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test p = 0.323), as compared to the eastern nomogram with AUC = 0.615, 95% confidence interval 0.522-0.708, and p = 0.077, respectively. CONCLUSION: Western nomogram was found to be more effective than eastern nomogram in prediction of estimating 5-year survival probability in patients with resectable gastric cancer in Turkish population.
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P3.15-004 Distinct Role of FAK Kinase and C-Terminal Domains on Small-Cell Lung Cancer Proliferation. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Effectiveness of crizotinib in a patient with ALK IHC-positive/FISH-negative metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Lung Cancer 2016; 98:118-121. [PMID: 27393517 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of crizotinib effectiveness in a heavily pretreated patient with a metastatic NSCLC initially considered IHC-positive and FISH-negative for ALK rearrangement. After repeated analyses of tumor samples, borderline ALK FISH-positivity (18.5% positive cells) was demonstrated.
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Inhibition of the Focal Adhesion Kinase Has Anti-Tumoral Effect in Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv047.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Combined endoscopic ultrasonography and endobronchial ultrasound-fine-needle aspiration for evaluation of mediastinal lymph nodes. Endosc Ultrasound 2014; 3:S9. [PMID: 26425538 PMCID: PMC4569938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and endobronchial ultrasound-fine-needle aspiration (EBUS-FNA), is an accurate technique for evaluation of mediastinal lymph nodes (MLN) and stadification of lung cancer. The aims of the study are to evaluate the feasibility and the efficacy of the combined technique compared with mediastinoscopy for the diagnosis of MLN. DESIGN AND METHODS All patients with suspected malignant MLN and/or lung lesion identified by positron emission tomography-computed tomography underwent combined EUS-EBUS-FNA. The combined procedure was performed in outpatients under general anesthesia for EUS and sedation by intravenous midazolam for EBUS when performed separately, using linear-array echoendoscopes. The MLN were punctured during the EUS and EBUS-FNA procedures with a 22 gauge needle. RESULTS Thirty-four patients underwent consecutively EUS and EBUS-FNA between September 2011 and November 2013 (8 women, 26 men, mean age of 65.9 year, range: 51-83). Combined EUS-EBUS-FNA was performed in a single time procedure in 26 patients (mean time 50 min) and in two different times in eight patients (mean delay 3 days). Twenty-five malignant and 9 inflammatory lesions were diagnosed. Mediastinoscopy was performed in nine patients and confirmed in eight patients the initial combined EUS-EBUS-FNA diagnosis. The diagnosis was obtained in 91.2% with EUS-FNA, 70.6% with EBUS-FNA and 97% when combined procedure was performed. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of EUS-EBUS-FNA for diagnosing malignancy were 96.5%, 100%, 100% and 90% respectively. No complications related to the procedure were observed. CONCLUSION Combined EUS-EBUS-FNA represents an accurate technique in the diagnosis of MLN, can be done in a single time procedure and has the advantage of being less invasive than mediastinoscopy.
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Anesthesia for adult rigid bronchoscopy. ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA BELGICA 2014; 65:95-103. [PMID: 25470890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Rigid bronchoscopy under general anesthesia enables performing diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedures in the tracheobronchial tree. This technique is characterized by specific technical problems, insofar as the anesthesiologist and the operators share the same space, namely the airway. Several potential complications (hemorrhage inside the airway, threat to ventilation ...) may arise. These challenges render the ability to use the variable available techniques essential, as well as knowledge of the complications they could entail, and the ability to rapidly solve them. General anesthesia is usually total intravenous anesthesia, using short acting agents. Ventilation can be spontaneous, but more often insured using high-frequency jet ventilation. The hospital infrastructure and staff must have the expertise to perform this particular procedure, in order to limit the complication rate.
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EP-1164: A retrospective study of lung stereotactic radiotherapy: 24,3 months of follow up. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)31282-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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PO-0772: Technology evolution improved clinical outcome after SBRT/SABR with 48 Gy in 4 fractions for stage I lung cancer. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)30890-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Artificial neural network analysis for evaluating cancer risk in multinodular goiter. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2013; 18:554-7. [PMID: 24516485 PMCID: PMC3897020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Revised: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to create a diagnostic model using the artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict malignancy in multinodular goiter patients with an indeterminate cytology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Out of 623 patients, 411 evaluated for multinodular goiter between July 2004 and March 2010 had a fine-needle aspiration biopsy. All patients underwent total thyroidectomy. The interpretation was consistent with an indeterminate lesion in 116 (18.6%) patients. Patient's medical records including age, sex, dominant nodule size, pre-operative serum thyroid-stimulating hormone level, thyroid hormone therapy and final pathologic diagnosis were collected retrospectively. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 44.6 years (range, 17-78 years). About 104 (89.7%) were female and 12 (10.3%) were male patients. Final pathology revealed 24 malignant diseases (20.7%) and 92 (79.3%) benign diseases. After the completion of training, the ANN model was able to predict diagnosis of malignancy with a high degree of accuracy. The area under the curve of ANNs was 0.824. CONCLUSION The ANNs technique is a useful aid in diagnosing malignancy and may help reduce unnecessary thyroidectomies in multinodular goiter patients with an indeterminate cytology. Further studies are needed to construct the optimal diagnostic model and to apply it in the clinical practice.
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Relationship between placental traits and maternal intrinsic factors in sheep. Anim Reprod Sci 2013; 139:31-7. [PMID: 23602010 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between maternal intrinsic factors and placental traits was investigated on three Southern Mediterranean breed of sheep; Cukurova Assaf (CA), Cukurova (C) and Cukurova Meat Sheep (CMS). The effect of parity and birth type were also considered in the study as a potential influencing factor. Our hypothesis was to show that while differences in placental traits between breed, parity and birth type affected lamb condition and survivability, its correlation to maternal intrinsic behavioral factors may also be a strong indicator. The study found breed related differences of maternal behavioral factors and also showed significant correlation of these behavioral patterns to various placental traits. It confirmed earlier findings that parity played a major role in the refinement of these behavioral patterns. Significant differences in birth weight (P<0.05), placental weight (P<0.05), number of cotyledons (P<0.01) and cotyledon length (P<0.05) was seen between breeds. Cotyledon weight (P<0.05), width (P<0.01) and length (P<0.05) were found to differ by parity. Breed and parity interaction significantly influenced cotyledon quantity. While we detected breed specific differences in relation to maternal intrinsic factors we also noticed significant variance within breeds to these behavioral patterns when linked to placental traits. Further study is required on the correlation between placental traits and postnatal behavior on not just the ewes but also on their lambs. This could have a significant bearing on how producers manage and maximize lamb survivability.
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Placental traits and maternal intrinsic factors affected by parity and breed in goats. Anim Reprod Sci 2011; 128:45-51. [PMID: 21945143 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 08/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between placental traits and maternal intrinsic factors of Saanen, German Fawn and Damascus goats was investigated. Data was collected from 93 goats. The results of the study demonstrated that there were positive correlations between placental weight (PW) and cotyledon number (CN) (r=0.498, P<0.01), cotyledon weight (CW) (r=0.880, P<0.01), cotyledon density (CD) (r=0.538, P<0.01), cotyledon width (CWI) (r=0.500, P<0.01) cotyledon length (CL) (r=0.414, P<0.01) and cotyledon density (CD) (r=0.278, P<0.05). CN was negatively correlated with placental efficiency (PE) (r=-0.421, P<0.01) and CD (r=-0.325, P<0.05). While expulsion of placenta, right teat length and cotyledon length were affected by parity of doe (P<0.05) birth weight (BW), CN, right teat diameter (RTD), left teat diameter (LTD), CD, and CL were affected by breed (P<0.01). Breed×parity was found significant both for expulsion time of placenta and left teat length (LTL) (P<0.05). Damascus goats had a significantly longer duration of licking and grooming events than others. Saanen was more likely to require birth assistance compared to the German Fawn.
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Risk of malignancy in non-diagnostic thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy in multinodular goitre patients. Endocr Regul 2011; 45:9-12. [PMID: 21314205 DOI: 10.4149/endo_2011_01_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the majority of biopsies is adequate for a cytological diagnosis, 5-20 % will be insufficient or nondiagnostic. Patients with nondiagnostic FNABs (ND-FNAB) may be further managed by continued observation, repeated FNAB, or thyroidectomy. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of malignancy in ND-FNAB, and to determine if there are any clinical factors that can be used to distinguish malignant versus benign disease in multinodular goitre patients with ND-FNAB. METHODS A total of 411 multinodular goiter patients who underwent both a FNAB and thyroidectomy was the subject of study. Seventy nine of these patients with ND-FNAB were further reviewed retrospectively, and demographical and clinical factors were investigated to determine if there is any predictor of malignancy in this group of patients. Among these patients, FNAB has been repeated one more time in 5 (6.3 %) patients, and two more times in 9 (11.3 %) patients. RESULTS Among 79 patients with ND-FNAB, 10 patients (12.6 %) had malignancy as found postoperatively. There were no differences in age, sex, functional status of the thyroid gland, and nodule size between patients with benign versus malignant disease. CONCLUSION Nondiagnostic FNAB remains a significant problem in the evaluation of thyroid nodules. Despite ultrasound guidance, clinicians should inform patients that there is a 5-15 % malignancy risk of initial nondiagnostic specimens.
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DNA copy number aberrations in small-cell lung cancer reveal activation of the focal adhesion pathway. Oncogene 2010; 29:6331-42. [PMID: 20802517 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most aggressive subtype of lung cancer in its clinical behavior, with a 5-year overall survival as low as 5%. Despite years of research in the field, molecular determinants of SCLC behavior are still poorly understood, and this deficiency has translated into an absence of specific diagnostics and targeted therapeutics. We hypothesized that tumor DNA copy number alterations would allow the identification of molecular pathways involved in SCLC progression. Array comparative genomic hybridization was performed on DNA extracted from 46 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded SCLC tissue specimens. Genomic profiling of tumor and sex-matched control DNA allowed the identification of 70 regions of copy number gain and 55 regions of copy number loss. Using molecular pathway analysis, we found a strong enrichment in these regions of copy number alterations for 11 genes associated with the focal adhesion pathway. We verified these findings at the genomic, gene expression and protein level. Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK), one of the central genes represented in this pathway, was commonly expressed in SCLC tumors and constitutively phosphorylated in SCLC cell lines. Those were poorly adherent to most substrates but not to laminin-322. Inhibition of FAK phosphorylation at Tyr(397) by a small-molecule inhibitor, PF-573,228, induced a dose-dependent decrease of adhesion and an increase of spreading in SCLC cell lines on laminin-322. Cells that tended to spread also showed a decrease in focal adhesions, as demonstrated by a decreased vinculin expression. These results support the concept that pathway analysis of genes in regions of copy number alterations may uncover molecular mechanisms of disease progression and demonstrate a new role of FAK and associated adhesion pathways in SCLC. Further investigations of FAK at the functional level may lead to a better understanding of SCLC progression and may have therapeutic implications.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE So far, the significance of Hürthle cell predominance in fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in multinodular goitre (MNG) appears not definitely clarified. The aim of this study was to determine if there are any clinical factors that can be used to distinguish either malignant or benign disease with the aid of FNAB specimen that contains a predominance of Hürthle cells in multinodular goitre patients. METHODS Among 623 patients who were evaluated for multinodular goitre between July 2004 and March 2009, 411 had a FNAB specimen. In 37 (9% of them) the FNAB specimen was interpreted as consistent with a Hürthle cell lesion. These patients comprised the study population and were reviewed retrospectively and their demographical and clinical factors were investigated to determine if there is any predictor of malignancy. RESULTS Among 37 patients with Hürthle cell predominance in FNAB, 29 had benign diseases and 8 had malignant diseases resulting in 21.6% prevalence of malignancy. There were no differences in age, sex, functional status of the thyroid gland, and nodule size between patients with benign versus malignant disease. CONCLUSION Total thyroidectomy should be recommended for all multinodular goitre patients with Hürthle cell predominance in FNAB, since there is no preoperative predictor of malignancy in these cases.
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High-throughput molecular analysis in lung cancer: insights into biology and potential clinical applications. Eur Respir J 2009; 34:489-506. [PMID: 19648524 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00042409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
During the last decade, high-throughput technologies including genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic and proteomic have been applied to further our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of this heterogeneous disease, and to develop strategies that aim to improve the management of patients with lung cancer. Ultimately, these approaches should lead to sensitive, specific and noninvasive methods for early diagnosis, and facilitate the prediction of response to therapy and outcome, as well as the identification of potential novel therapeutic targets. Genomic studies were the first to move this field forward by providing novel insights into the molecular biology of lung cancer and by generating candidate biomarkers of disease progression. Lung carcinogenesis is driven by genetic and epigenetic alterations that cause aberrant gene function; however, the challenge remains to pinpoint the key regulatory control mechanisms and to distinguish driver from passenger alterations that may have a small but additive effect on cancer development. Epigenetic regulation by DNA methylation and histone modifications modulate chromatin structure and, in turn, either activate or silence gene expression. Proteomic approaches critically complement these molecular studies, as the phenotype of a cancer cell is determined by proteins and cannot be predicted by genomics or transcriptomics alone. The present article focuses on the technological platforms available and some proposed clinical applications. We illustrate herein how the "-omics" have revolutionised our approach to lung cancer biology and hold promise for personalised management of lung cancer.
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28
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Comparison of placental traits and their relation to litter size and parity weight in sheep. J Anim Sci 2009; 87:3196-201. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-1913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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29
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Scoring systems: are they ideal? Ann Surg Oncol 2008; 15:3316. [PMID: 18612699 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-008-0038-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2008] [Accepted: 06/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Abstract
Takayasu's arteritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily involves the aorta and its main branches. Varying degrees of narrowing, occlusion, or dilatation develop in the involved vessel segments. However, dissection of the aorta is quite rare in this disease, and it may develop particularly after angioplasty. We report a very rare case of Takayasu's arteritis with dissection of the abdominal aorta just distal to the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery in a 9-year-old girl. She was treated conservatively with close follow-up. At the end of 1 year's follow-up, the dissection of the aorta did not show progression, and new lesions were not identified. To our knowledge, this patient is the youngest child presented with arterial dissection as the initial manifestation of the disease.
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31
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P78 Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor downregulation in lung cancer development. EJC Suppl 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)70078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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32
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Elevated cAMP levels reverse Brucella melitensis-induced lipid peroxidation and stimulate IL-10 transcription in rats. Res Vet Sci 2006; 82:181-6. [PMID: 17014875 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2006.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2006] [Revised: 07/11/2006] [Accepted: 07/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Brucella species are able to survive and replicate within the phagocytic vacuole of macrophages that induce chronic infection in humans and domestic animals. The activation of oxidative bactericidal activity is one of the defense systems which protect the host from the toxic effects of pathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate lipid peroxidation, NO production, antioxidative system and inflammation during a period of brucella infection in a rat model; in addition to investigate the role of elevated intracellular cyclic AMP on Brucella-induced events. Brucella significantly induced lipid peroxidation in plasma, liver and spleen by 3-5-fold at 7 days postinfection. NO concentration was significantly elevated in the liver and spleen while unchanged in plasma. Cyclic AMP elevating agent, rolipram, administration (1mg/kg/day i.p., 3 days) gradually suppressed lipid peroxidation and NO formation to the basal level in plasma and spleen whilst only a slight decrease was observed in liver. Brucella considerably decreased SOD activity in the liver and spleen, with rolipram restoring the enzyme activity in liver and activity in spleen being unchanged. Reverse transcriptase PCR analyses showed that Brucella melitensis does not alter TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma transcriptions in liver and spleen. The pathogen did not consistently induce nitric oxide synthase mRNA transcriptions in animals; even in those housed in the same group. IL-10 transcription was induced by rolipram in spleen but not in liver. Our results suggest that activation of the cAMP/PKA pathway suppressed lipid peroxidation and the elevated NO concentrations caused by B. melitensis. Moreover, rolipram induced anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 transcription and SOD activity, albeit in a tissue dependent manner.
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Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of serious infections in patients undergoing long-term haemodialysis (HD). S. aureus infections in HD patients are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Especially, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains are becoming increasingly multidrug-resistant and have recently developed resistance to vancomycin, used successfully to treat MRSA for more than 30 years. In vitro determination of resistance patterns of S. aureus is critical in terms of administering suitable antimicrobial treatment. The objective of this study was to identify the frequency of S. aureus among diabetic and non-diabetic HD patients and to investigate resistance patterns against various antibiotics used broadly for treatment. This study was carried out between January 2004 and December 2004. In the present survey, 261 patients undergoing HD treatment from three HD units in Hatay were examined. A total of 148 Staphylococcus aureus strains were processed to assess their occurrence rates and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. S. aureus positivity was determined in 148 (56.7%) of the 261 HD patients and 26 (16.2%) of the 160 individuals in the control group. The difference was significant (p < 0.001). HD length was found to be 38.4 +/- 24.3 months in the patients of S. aureus carrier and 27.3 +/- 18.5 months in non-carrier patients. Significant correlation was also identified between durations those on HD and the isolation of S. aureus (p < 0.001). However, the carrier state was unrelated to the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), age or sex. In conclusion, nasal carriage of S. aureus was found to be more prevalent in HD patients than that in those in the control group. Also, it is concluded that DM was not a risk factor for the nasal carriage of S. aureus. In addition, the rates of antibiotic resistance of S. aureus strains were found to be quite higher in HD patients than in the control group (p < 0.05).
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has emerged as the commonest cause of end-stage renal disease. Haemodialysis (HD) treatment constitutes a high-risk environment for the transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV). The aim of this study was to establish a potential relationship between type 2 DM and HCV infection in HD patients. Of the 267 HD patients, 67 (25.1%) had type 2 DM and 200 (74.9%) were with diverse aetiology for end-stage renal disease. The serum markers of HCV infection were tested by a second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test for antibodies and by qualitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction technique for viral RNA. The overall prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies and HCV RNA was found to be 12.7% (34/267) and 10.1% (27/267), respectively. Patients with type 2 DM were found to have a higher HCV prevalence compared with non-diabetic patients [20.8% (14/67) vs. 10% (20/200)] (p < 0.05). The mean period on dialysis of anti-HCV-positive patients with type 2 DM was shorter than that observed for anti-HCV-positive non-diabetic patients (43.9 +/- 9.8 months vs. 59.7 +/- 28.4 months) (p < 0.05). This study has shown that although the period on dialysis of diabetic patients are shorter than non-diabetic patients, the prevalence of HCV in HD patients with type 2 DM is higher than that detected in non-diabetic HD patients.
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