1
|
Harford P, Agaciak M, Looi JCL, Smith D, Allison S, Chan SKW, Bastiampillai T. Urbanisation and Declining Suicide Rates in China Between 2005 and 2017. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2023; 33:79-88. [PMID: 37771214 DOI: 10.12809/eaap2326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide suicide rates have declined since 2000s, with China being the primary contributor. This study aimed to investigate whether urbanisation is associated with decreasing suicide rates in China. METHODS Suicide rates and economic indicators of 31 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions of China between 2005 and 2017 were analysed. Poisson random intercept models were used to determine associations between suicide rates, urbanicity, sexes, and gross regional product (GRP). RESULTS Between 2005 and 2017, suicide rates in 31 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions of China continued to decrease. Urbanicity and GRP were associated with decreased suicide rates among Chinese males and females. An increase in urbanicity by 1% was associated with a 2.2% decrease in suicide rates (p < 0.001). The most urbanised and populous cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin) had the lowest suicide rates. Urbanicity was associated with a greater decline in suicide rates among females, compared with males. Association between increased urbanicity and reduced suicide rates was independent of GRP. CONCLUSION Urbanisation was associated with declining suicide rates in China; this association was stronger among females than males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Harford
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - M Agaciak
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - J C L Looi
- Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, The Australian National University School of Medicine and Psychology, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Consortium of Australian-Academic Psychiatrists for Independent Policy Research and Analysis (CAPIPRA), Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - D Smith
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - S Allison
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Consortium of Australian-Academic Psychiatrists for Independent Policy Research and Analysis (CAPIPRA), Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T Bastiampillai
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Consortium of Australian-Academic Psychiatrists for Independent Policy Research and Analysis (CAPIPRA), Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yee B, Looi JCL, Agaciak M, Allison S, Chan SKW, Bastiampillai T. Non-Psychosis Symptoms of Clozapine Withdrawal: a Systematic Review. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2023; 33:44-64. [PMID: 37400227 DOI: 10.12809/eaap2261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clozapine is a potent antipsychotic medication with a complex receptor profile. It is reserved for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. We systematically reviewed studies of non-psychosis symptoms of clozapine withdrawal. METHODS CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO, PubMed, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched using the keywords 'clozapine,' and 'withdrawal,' or 'supersensitivity,' 'cessation,' 'rebound,' or 'discontinuation'. Studies related to non-psychosis symptoms after clozapine withdrawal were included. RESULTS Five original studies and 63 case reports / series were included in analysis. In 195 patients included in the five original studies, approximately 20% experienced non-psychosis symptoms following discontinuation of clozapine. In 89 patients in four of the studies, 27 experienced cholinergic rebound, 13 exhibited extrapyramidal symptoms (including tardive dyskinesia), and three had catatonia. In 63 case reports / series included, 72 patients with non-psychosis symptoms were reported, which were catatonia (n=30), dystonia or dyskinesia (n=17), cholinergic rebound (n=11), serotonin syndrome (n=4), mania (n=3), insomnia (n=3), neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) [n=3, one of them had both catatonia and NMS], and de novo obsessive compulsive symptoms (n=2). Restarting clozapine appeared to be the most effective treatment. CONCLUSIONS Non-psychosis symptoms following clozapine withdrawal have important clinical implications. Clinicians should be aware of the possible presentations of symptoms to ensure early recognition and management. Further research is warranted to better characterise the prevalence, risk factors, prognosis, and optimal drug dosing for each withdrawal symptom.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Yee
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - J C L Looi
- Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, The Australian National University School of Medicine and Psychology, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - M Agaciak
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - S Allison
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T Bastiampillai
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Phu PJJ, Looi JCL, Nair PC, Allison S, Chan SKW, Bastiampillai T. Psychosis Related to Baclofen Withdrawal or Overdose: A Systematic Review. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2023; 33:3-14. [PMID: 36991550 DOI: 10.12809/eaap2237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review case reports of psychosis related to withdrawal or overdose of baclofen, which is a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B agonist. METHODS PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsychINFO were searched to identify articles related to psychosis secondary to withdrawal or overdose of baclofen using the terms 'baclofen' and ' psychosis'. Comparisons were made between cases in terms of concomitant antipsychotic use, diagnosis of delirium, and evidence of association. Quality of case reports was assessed using the CARE Case Report Guidelines checklist. RESULTS In total, 34 patients from 28 case reports were reviewed. Twenty-three patients experienced psychosis upon baclofen withdrawal; among them, 18 had resolution of psychosis upon reinitiation of baclofen, whereas antipsychotic monotherapy was less successful (only four of eight patients responded). An additional baclofen withdrawal period led to recurrence of psychotic symptoms in four of seven patients. Eleven patients had psychosis on induction or after overdose of baclofen; among them, four patients had resolution of psychosis upon cessation of baclofen. The mean quality of the case reports was 6.4 of 13. CONCLUSION Considering its GABAergic agonism, along with evidence of psychosis on induction or withdrawal, baclofen may have some antipsychotic and pro-psychotic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P J J Phu
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - J C L Looi
- Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, The Australian National University Medical School, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia
- Consortium of Australian-Academic Psychiatrists for Independent Policy Research and Analysis (CAPIPRA), Canberra, Australia
| | - P C Nair
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - S Allison
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- Consortium of Australian-Academic Psychiatrists for Independent Policy Research and Analysis (CAPIPRA), Canberra, Australia
| | - S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - T Bastiampillai
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- Consortium of Australian-Academic Psychiatrists for Independent Policy Research and Analysis (CAPIPRA), Canberra, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Georges F, Rashad MNH, Stefanko A, Dlamini M, Karki B, Ali SF, Lin PJ, Ko HS, Israel N, Adikaram D, Ahmed Z, Albataineh H, Aljawrneh B, Allada K, Allison S, Alsalmi S, Androic D, Aniol K, Annand J, Atac H, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bai X, Bane J, Barcus S, Bartlett K, Bellini V, Beminiwattha R, Bericic J, Biswas D, Brash E, Bulumulla D, Campbell J, Camsonne A, Carmignotto M, Castellano J, Chen C, Chen JP, Chetry T, Christy ME, Cisbani E, Clary B, Cohen E, Compton N, Cornejo JC, Covrig Dusa S, Crowe B, Danagoulian S, Danley T, De Persio F, Deconinck W, Defurne M, Desnault C, Di D, Duer M, Duran B, Ent R, Fanelli C, Franklin G, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gaskell D, Gautam T, Glamazdin O, Gnanvo K, Gray VM, Gu C, Hague T, Hamad G, Hamilton D, Hamilton K, Hansen O, Hauenstein F, Henry W, Higinbotham DW, Holmstrom T, Horn T, Huang Y, Huber GM, Hyde CE, Ibrahim H, Jen CM, Jin K, Jones M, Kabir A, Keppel C, Khachatryan V, King PM, Li S, Li WB, Liu J, Liu H, Liyanage A, Magee J, Malace S, Mammei J, Markowitz P, McClellan E, Mazouz M, Meddi F, Meekins D, Mesik K, Michaels R, Mkrtchyan A, Montgomery R, Muñoz Camacho C, Myers LS, Nadel-Turonski P, Nazeer SJ, Nelyubin V, Nguyen D, Nuruzzaman N, Nycz M, Obretch OF, Ou L, Palatchi C, Pandey B, Park S, Park K, Peng C, Pomatsalyuk R, Pooser E, Puckett AJR, Punjabi V, Quinn B, Rahman S, Reimer PE, Roche J, Sapkota I, Sarty A, Sawatzky B, Saylor NH, Schmookler B, Shabestari MH, Shahinyan A, Sirca S, Smith GR, Sooriyaarachchilage S, Sparveris N, Spies R, Su T, Subedi A, Sulkosky V, Sun A, Thorne L, Tian Y, Ton N, Tortorici F, Trotta R, Urciuoli GM, Voutier E, Waidyawansa B, Wang Y, Wojtsekhowski B, Wood S, Yan X, Ye L, Ye Z, Yero C, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Zhu P. Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering Cross Section at High Bjorken x_{B}. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:252002. [PMID: 35802440 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.252002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report high-precision measurements of the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) cross section at high values of the Bjorken variable x_{B}. DVCS is sensitive to the generalized parton distributions of the nucleon, which provide a three-dimensional description of its internal constituents. Using the exact analytic expression of the DVCS cross section for all possible polarization states of the initial and final electron and nucleon, and final state photon, we present the first experimental extraction of all four helicity-conserving Compton form factors (CFFs) of the nucleon as a function of x_{B}, while systematically including helicity flip amplitudes. In particular, the high accuracy of the present data demonstrates sensitivity to some very poorly known CFFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Georges
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M N H Rashad
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Stefanko
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - M Dlamini
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - B Karki
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S F Ali
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - P-J Lin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H-S Ko
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, 08826 Seoul, Korea
| | - N Israel
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Adikaram
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - H Albataineh
- Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas 78363, USA
| | - B Aljawrneh
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - K Allada
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Allison
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Alsalmi
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - D Androic
- University of Zagreb, Trg Republike Hrvatske 14, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Aniol
- California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA
| | - J Annand
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - T Averett
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - X Bai
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - J Bane
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Barcus
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - K Bartlett
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - V Bellini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Dipartimento di Fisica delle Università degli di Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - J Bericic
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Biswas
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Brash
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Campbell
- Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - A Camsonne
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Carmignotto
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - J Castellano
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - C Chen
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M E Christy
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Cisbani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - B Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Cohen
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 6997801, Israel
| | - N Compton
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - J C Cornejo
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Covrig Dusa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Crowe
- North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA
| | - S Danagoulian
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - T Danley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F De Persio
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - W Deconinck
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - M Defurne
- CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Desnault
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D Di
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Duer
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 6997801, Israel
| | - B Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Ent
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Fanelli
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Franklin
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - E Fuchey
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Gal
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Gautam
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - O Glamazdin
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - K Gnanvo
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - V M Gray
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Gu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - T Hague
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - G Hamad
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W Henry
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D W Higinbotham
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Holmstrom
- Longwood University, Farmville, Virginia 23901, USA
| | - T Horn
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Huang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Ibrahim
- Cairo University, Cairo 121613, Egypt
| | - C-M Jen
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 234061, USA
| | - K Jin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Kabir
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - C Keppel
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Khachatryan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - P M King
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Li
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - W B Li
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - J Liu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - H Liu
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - A Liyanage
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J Magee
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Malace
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Mammei
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P Markowitz
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - E McClellan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Mazouz
- Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia
| | - F Meddi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Mesik
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Mkrtchyan
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - R Montgomery
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C Muñoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L S Myers
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Nazeer
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - V Nelyubin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - D Nguyen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - N Nuruzzaman
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - M Nycz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - O F Obretch
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - L Ou
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C Palatchi
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - B Pandey
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - S Park
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - K Park
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - C Peng
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - R Pomatsalyuk
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - E Pooser
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A J R Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - V Punjabi
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - B Quinn
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - S Rahman
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P E Reimer
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Roche
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - I Sapkota
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - A Sarty
- Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - B Sawatzky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N H Saylor
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - B Schmookler
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M H Shabestari
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - A Shahinyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - S Sirca
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - G R Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Spies
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - T Su
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - A Subedi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - V Sulkosky
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - A Sun
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - L Thorne
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y Tian
- Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - N Ton
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - F Tortorici
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Dipartimento di Fisica delle Università degli di Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - R Trotta
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - G M Urciuoli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - B Waidyawansa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Wang
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - B Wojtsekhowski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Wood
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - X Yan
- Huangshan University, Tunxi, Daizhen Road 245041, China
| | - L Ye
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Z Ye
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - C Yero
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Y Zhao
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - P Zhu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dlamini M, Karki B, Ali SF, Lin PJ, Georges F, Ko HS, Israel N, Rashad MNH, Stefanko A, Adikaram D, Ahmed Z, Albataineh H, Aljawrneh B, Allada K, Allison S, Alsalmi S, Androic D, Aniol K, Annand J, Atac H, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bai X, Bane J, Barcus S, Bartlett K, Bellini V, Beminiwattha R, Bericic J, Biswas D, Brash E, Bulumulla D, Campbell J, Camsonne A, Carmignotto M, Castellano J, Chen C, Chen JP, Chetry T, Christy ME, Cisbani E, Clary B, Cohen E, Compton N, Cornejo JC, Covrig Dusa S, Crowe B, Danagoulian S, Danley T, De Persio F, Deconinck W, Defurne M, Desnault C, Di D, Duer M, Duran B, Ent R, Fanelli C, Franklin G, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gaskell D, Gautam T, Glamazdin O, Gnanvo K, Gray VM, Gu C, Hague T, Hamad G, Hamilton D, Hamilton K, Hansen O, Hauenstein F, Henry W, Higinbotham DW, Holmstrom T, Horn T, Huang Y, Huber GM, Hyde C, Ibrahim H, Jen CM, Jin K, Jones M, Kabir A, Keppel C, Khachatryan V, King PM, Li S, Li W, Liu J, Liu H, Liyanage A, Magee J, Malace S, Mammei J, Markowitz P, McClellan E, Meddi F, Meekins D, Mesik K, Michaels R, Mkrtchyan A, Montgomery R, Muñoz Camacho C, Myers LS, Nadel-Turonski P, Nazeer SJ, Nelyubin V, Nguyen D, Nuruzzaman N, Nycz M, Obretch OF, Ou L, Palatchi C, Pandey B, Park S, Park K, Peng C, Pomatsalyuk R, Pooser E, Puckett AJR, Punjabi V, Quinn B, Rahman S, Reimer PE, Roche J, Sapkota I, Sarty A, Sawatzky B, Saylor NH, Schmookler B, Shabestari MH, Shahinyan A, Sirca S, Smith GR, Sooriyaarachchilage S, Sparveris N, Spies R, Su T, Subedi A, Sulkosky V, Sun A, Thorne L, Tian Y, Ton N, Tortorici F, Trotta R, Urciuoli GM, Voutier E, Waidyawansa B, Wang Y, Wojtsekhowski B, Wood S, Yan X, Ye L, Ye Z, Yero C, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Zhu P. Deep Exclusive Electroproduction of π^{0} at High Q^{2} in the Quark Valence Regime. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:152301. [PMID: 34678020 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.152301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of the exclusive neutral pion electroproduction cross section off protons at large values of x_{B} (0.36, 0.48, and 0.60) and Q^{2} (3.1 to 8.4 GeV^{2}) obtained from Jefferson Lab Hall A experiment E12-06-014. The corresponding structure functions dσ_{T}/dt+εdσ_{L}/dt, dσ_{TT}/dt, dσ_{LT}/dt, and dσ_{LT^{'}}/dt are extracted as a function of the proton momentum transfer t-t_{min}. The results suggest the amplitude for transversely polarized virtual photons continues to dominate the cross section throughout this kinematic range. The data are well described by calculations based on transversity generalized parton distributions coupled to a helicity flip distribution amplitude of the pion, thus providing a unique way to probe the structure of the nucleon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Dlamini
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - B Karki
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S F Ali
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - P-J Lin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - F Georges
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H-S Ko
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, 08826 Seoul, Korea
| | - N Israel
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M N H Rashad
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Stefanko
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - D Adikaram
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - H Albataineh
- Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas 78363, USA
| | - B Aljawrneh
- North Carolina Ag. and Tech. State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - K Allada
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Allison
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Alsalmi
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - D Androic
- University of Zagreb, Trg Republike Hrvatske 14, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Aniol
- California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA
| | - J Annand
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - T Averett
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - X Bai
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - J Bane
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Barcus
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - K Bartlett
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - V Bellini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Dipt. Di Fisica delle Uni. di Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - J Bericic
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Biswas
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Brash
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Campbell
- Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - A Camsonne
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Carmignotto
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - J Castellano
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - C Chen
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M E Christy
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Cisbani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - B Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Cohen
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 699780 1, Israel
| | - N Compton
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - J C Cornejo
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Covrig Dusa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Crowe
- North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA
| | - S Danagoulian
- North Carolina Ag. and Tech. State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - T Danley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F De Persio
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - W Deconinck
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - M Defurne
- CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Desnault
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D Di
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Duer
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 699780 1, Israel
| | - B Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Ent
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Fanelli
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Franklin
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - E Fuchey
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Gal
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Gautam
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - O Glamazdin
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - K Gnanvo
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - V M Gray
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Gu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - T Hague
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - G Hamad
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W Henry
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D W Higinbotham
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Holmstrom
- Randolph Macon College, Ashlan, Virginia 23005, USA
| | - T Horn
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Huang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - C Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Ibrahim
- Cairo University, Cairo 121613, Egypt
| | - C-M Jen
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 234061, USA
| | - K Jin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Kabir
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - C Keppel
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Khachatryan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - P M King
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Li
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - W Li
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - J Liu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - H Liu
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - A Liyanage
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J Magee
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Malace
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Mammei
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P Markowitz
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - E McClellan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Meddi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Mesik
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Mkrtchyan
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - R Montgomery
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C Muñoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L S Myers
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Nazeer
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - V Nelyubin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - D Nguyen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - N Nuruzzaman
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - M Nycz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - O F Obretch
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - L Ou
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C Palatchi
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - B Pandey
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - S Park
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - K Park
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - C Peng
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - R Pomatsalyuk
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - E Pooser
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A J R Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - V Punjabi
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - B Quinn
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - S Rahman
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P E Reimer
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Roche
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - I Sapkota
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - A Sarty
- Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - B Sawatzky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N H Saylor
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - B Schmookler
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M H Shabestari
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - A Shahinyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - S Sirca
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - G R Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Spies
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - T Su
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - A Subedi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - V Sulkosky
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Sun
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - L Thorne
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y Tian
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - N Ton
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - F Tortorici
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Dipt. Di Fisica delle Uni. di Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - R Trotta
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - G M Urciuoli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - B Waidyawansa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Wang
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - B Wojtsekhowski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Wood
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - X Yan
- Huangshan University, Huangshan, Anhui, 245041, China
| | - L Ye
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Z Ye
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - C Yero
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Y Zhao
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - P Zhu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Machin J, Duer W, Maylin G, Fenger C, Wilson D, Ivey M, Berthold B, Allison S, Tobin T. Variability in plasma concentrations of methylprednisolone 6 days after intrasynovial injection of methylprednisolone acetate in racing horses: A field study. Equine Vet J 2018; 51:343-348. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.13003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Machin
- The Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center and Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky USA
| | - W. Duer
- Duer Forensic Toxicology, Inc. Isle of Sand Key Clearwater Florida USA
| | - G. Maylin
- New York Drug Testing and Research Program Ithaca New York USA
| | - C. Fenger
- Equine Integrated Medicine PLC Georgetown Kentucky USA
| | - D. Wilson
- Cleveland Equine Clinic LLC Ravenna Ohio USA
| | - M. Ivey
- Equine Sports Medicine and Surgery Weatherford Texas USA
| | - B. Berthold
- Cleveland Equine Clinic LLC Ravenna Ohio USA
| | - S. Allison
- Cleveland Equine Clinic LLC Ravenna Ohio USA
| | - T. Tobin
- The Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center and Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Elsalem L, Allison S, Phillips R, Pors K. PO-273 Aldehyde dehydrogenase 7A1 (ALDH7A1) contributes to reduction of reactive oxygen species generation in colorectal tumour microenvironment. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
8
|
Allison S, Bastiampillai T, Licinio J, Fuller DA, Bidargaddi N, Sharfstein SS. When should governments increase the supply of psychiatric beds? Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:796-800. [PMID: 28696434 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Low numbers of hospital-based psychiatric beds create problems for people with severe mental illness (SMI), when they face extended emergency department (ED) waits, higher thresholds for admission to an acute bed, and short revolving-door stays with high rates of rehospitalisation. Limited access to inpatient treatment has been associated with higher suicide risk, premature mortality, homelessness, violent crime and incarceration. Ultimately, people with SMI can be transinstitutionalised to the criminal justice system. In the USA, for example, prisons have replaced mental hospitals as the largest institutions housing people with SMI. There is no international consensus on the safe minimum numbers of acute, forensic and rehabilitation beds needed to reduce these risks. As a consequence, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries have wide variations in the mix of hospital beds with an average of 71 beds per 100 000 population. Policymakers face difficult choices with few studies to guide decisions on supplying beds. The UK Royal College of Psychiatrists offered a policy framework, which was adapted for Australia. The government of the State of South Australia increased the supplies of crisis, acute and forensic beds to meet a mandatory target to safely reduce mental health boarding in the EDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Allison
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - T Bastiampillai
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Mind and Brain Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Executive Director Mental Health Strategy, Department of Health, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - J Licinio
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Head, Mind and Brain Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Project 5-100, South Ural State University Biomedical School, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
| | - D A Fuller
- Treatment Advocacy Center, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - N Bidargaddi
- Department of Personal Health Informatics, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - S S Sharfstein
- President Emeritus, Shepherd Pratt Health System, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Elsalem L, Fotopoulos A, Papathanasiou A, Allison S, Moreb J, Cournia Z, Pors K. Human aldehyde dehydrogenase 7A1 (ALDH7A1) expression affects cancer cell proliferation, migration and cell protection against oxidative stress. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)61361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
10
|
Affiliation(s)
- T Bastiampillai
- SAHMRI- Mind and Brain Research Fellow, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Mental Health Strategy, SA Health, Govt. of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - A Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - S K W Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S Allison
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kerman R, Radovancevic R, Allison P, McKissick E, Bogaev R, Bracey A, Allison S, Gregoric I, Frazier O. 459: Positive Flow Cytometery Crossmatches and HLA Antibodies May Not Be Contraindications to Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2009.11.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
12
|
Mellins C, Chu C, Malee K, Allison S, Smith R, Harris L, Higgins A, Zorrilla C, Landesman S, Serchuck L, Larussa P. Adherence to antiretroviral treatment among pregnant and postpartum HIV-infected women. AIDS Care 2008; 20:958-68. [DOI: 10.1080/09540120701767208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C.A. Mellins
- a Columbia University, HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies , New York , US
| | - C. Chu
- b Clinical Trials & Surveys Corp , Baltimore , US
| | - K. Malee
- c Northwestern University/Children's Memorial Hospital , Chicago , US
| | - S. Allison
- d National Institute of Mental Health , Bethesda , US
| | - R. Smith
- e University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , US
| | - L. Harris
- f Texas Children's Hospital , Houston , US
| | - A. Higgins
- g Department of Pediatrics , Columbia University , New York , US
| | - C. Zorrilla
- h University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine , San Juan , Puerto Rico
| | - S. Landesman
- i State University of New York at Brooklyn , New York , US
| | - L. Serchuck
- j National Institute of Child Health and Human Development , Bethesda , US
| | - P. Larussa
- g Department of Pediatrics , Columbia University , New York , US
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Whitfield TW, Martyna GJ, Allison S, Bates SP, Vass H, Crain J. Structure and hydrogen bonding in neat N-methylacetamide: classical molecular dynamics and Raman spectroscopy studies of a liquid of peptidic fragments. J Phys Chem B 2007; 110:3624-37. [PMID: 16494418 DOI: 10.1021/jp053140+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The results of classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and Raman spectroscopy studies of neat liquid N-methylacetamide (NMA), the simplest model system relevant to the peptides, are reported as a function of temperature and pressure. The MD simulations predict that near ambient conditions, the molecules form a hydrogen bond network consisting primarily of linear chains. Both the links between molecules within the hydrogen-bonded chains and the associations between chains are stabilized by weak methyl-donated "improper" hydrogen bonds. The three-dimensional structural motifs observed in the liquid show some similarity to protein beta-sheets. The temperature and pressure dependence of the hydrogen bond network, as probed by the mode frequency of the experimentally determined amide-I Raman band, blue shifts on heating and red shifts under compression, respectively, suggesting weakened and enhanced hydrogen bonding in response to temperature and pressure increases. Disruption of the hydrogen-bonding network is clearly observed in the simulation data as temperature is increased, whereas the improper hydrogen bonding is enhanced under compression to reduce the energetic cost of increasing the packing fraction. Because of the neglect of polarizability in the molecular model, the computed dielectric constant is underestimated compared to the experimental value, indicating that the simulation may underestimate dipolar coupling in the liquid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T W Whitfield
- IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mehta N, Allison S, Heo J, Iskandrian AE. 45 EFFECT OF OBESITY ON ATTENUATION-CORRECTED SINGLE-PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IMAGING. J Investig Med 2006. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.x0008.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
15
|
Allison S. Early stages of Clinical Nutrition. Clin Nutr 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(03)00159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
16
|
Allison S, Chen C, Stigter D. The length dependence of translational diffusion, free solution electrophoretic mobility, and electrophoretic tether force of rigid rod-like model duplex DNA. Biophys J 2001; 81:2558-68. [PMID: 11606270 PMCID: PMC1301724 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(01)75900-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, boundary element modeling is used to study the transport of highly charged rod-like model polyions of various length under a variety of different aqueous salt conditions. Transport properties considered include free solution electrophoretic mobility, translational diffusion, and the components of the "tether force" tensor. The model parameters are chosen to coincide with transport measurements of duplex DNA carried out under six different salt/temperature conditions. The focus of the analysis is on the length dependence of the free solution electrophoretic mobility. In a solution containing 0.04 M Tris-acetate buffer at 25 degrees C, calculated mobilities using straight rod models show a stronger dependence on fragment length than that observed experimentally. By carrying out model studies on curved rod models, it is concluded that the "leveling off" of mobility with fragment length is due, in part at least, to the finite curvature of DNA. Experimental mobilities of long duplex DNA in monovalent alkali salts are reasonably well explained once account is taken of long-range bending and the simplifying assumptions of the model studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Allison
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Affiliation(s)
- L Hudsmith
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sculthorpe NF, Davies B, Ashton T, Allison S, McGuire DN, Malhi JS. Commercially available folic acid supplements and their compliance with the British Pharmacopoeia test for dissolution. J Public Health Med 2001; 23:195-7. [PMID: 11585191 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/23.3.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A recent report suggested that some folic acid preparations available in the United States failed to meet the specifications for dissolution specified by the US Pharmacopoeia (USP), of 70 per cent drug release in the first hour of testing. The Teratology Society recommends that women of childbearing age should take a daily supplement of 400 microg folic acid when they are trying to conceive, to reduce the risk of foetal neural tube defects. The consequence of this failure to meet the USP requirements may be that an inadequate dose of folate may be absorbed and thus the expected level of protection against neural tube defects not afforded. The purpose of the present study was to examine a number of brands of folic acid (400 microg), available commercially in the United Kingdom, for compliance with the British Pharmacopoeia (BP) test for dissolution. Ten tablets (or capsules) from each of 11 brands were tested using dissolution apparatus compliant with BP requirements, using 0.1 M sodium hydroxide as the dissolution medium. The results indicated that four of the brands failed to release 70 per cent of the nominal drug content in the first hour of test and thus did not comply with the test. Two of the seven brands that passed the test went on to release more than 150 per cent of the nominal 400 microg drug content. These results highlight the problems of dose uniformity and the potential health risks of slow dissolution and under-dosing in commercially available folic acid dosage forms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N F Sculthorpe
- Health Research Unit, School of Applied Sciences, University of Glamorgan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the risk relationship between depressive symptomatology and suicidal ideation for young adolescent males and females. METHOD A large cohort of students in their first year of high school completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Adolescent Suicide Questionnaire. The risk relationship between depressive symptomatology and suicidal ideation was modelled using non-parametric kernel-smoothing techniques. RESULTS Suicidal ideation was more frequently reported by females compared with males which was partly explained by females having higher mean depression scores. At moderate levels of depression females also had a significantly higher risk of suicidal ideation compared with males and this increased risk contributed to the overall higher levels of female ideation. CONCLUSIONS The risk relationship between depressive symptomatology and suicidal ideation is different for young adolescent males and females. The results indicate that moderate levels of depressive symptomatology can be associated with suicidal ideation (especially among young females) and that for these young people a suicide risk assessment is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Allison
- Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, Australia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Maylor EA, Allison S, Wing AM. Effects of spatial and nonspatial cognitive activity on postural stability. Br J Psychol 2001; 92:319-38. [PMID: 11417784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Is postural stability controlled automatically, or is it affected by concurrent cognitive activity? Are the effects influenced by the nature of the cognitive activity required, and do they increase in old age? To address these questions, 70 participants aged 20-79 years were asked to stand as still as possible on a force platform (postural control task) while performing (a) no cognitive task, (b) a spatial memory task, and (c) a nonspatial memory task. The memory tasks were also performed while seated as a comparison condition. Both spatial and nonspatial memory recall declined with increasing age but were unaffected by position (standing vs. seated). Postural stability declined with age; moreover, there was support for an earlier finding that age decline was greatest when performing the spatial memory task. Each recording period was split into two phases which, for the spatial and nonspatial memory tasks, corresponded to encoding and maintaining the stimuli. In comparison with no task, participants were more stable when encoding stimuli (particularly in the spatial task), but they were less stable when maintaining stimuli (particularly in the nonspatial task). The results suggest that postural stability can be affected by cognitive activity in complex ways, depending on the age of participants, the type of cognitive task (spatial vs. nonspatial), and the cognitive processing required (encoding vs. maintenance).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E A Maylor
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Teyhen DS, Flynn T, Allison S. Use of webboards for distance learning: a physical therapy model. Mil Med 2001; 166:311-3. [PMID: 11315469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In today's world of ever-increasing knowledge and technology, mastering the use of information is critical for success. U.S. Army physical therapists have successfully used the Knowledge Management Network as a tool to foster communication, education, and training. The model outlined in this article can serve both as a model for promoting distance learning and as a success story of how to merge today's technology with the medical community to improve productivity and communication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D S Teyhen
- Physical Therapy Service, Kimbrough Ambulatory Care Center, Fort Meade, MD 20755, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
Stomal construction is as important as the establishment of hemostasis. Appropriate preoperative assessment and adherence to accepted construction techniques usually will avoid stomal complications. In patients who suffer adverse consequences, accurate assessment and appropriate management principles are essential to properly address the problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Allison
- Department of Surgery, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
In rural areas where specialist services are not readily accessible, there are practical advantages to providing short courses of therapy for children's mental health problems. Fifty-five parents from a rural area in South Australia completed questionnaires before and 3 months after receiving brief, family-oriented therapy from a child and adolescent mental health service. Clinically, these families were assessed as being suitable for brief therapy because the children had moderately severe emotional and behavioural problems and the families were not severely dysfunctional. The screening process sought to exclude more serious and complex presentations so those families were not included in the current study. Questionnaires measuring the severity of children's mental health problems (Child Behavior Checklist) and the degree of family dysfunction (Family Assessment Device general functioning subscale) suggested that, on average, the sample met these entry criteria. The follow-up evaluation after brief therapy found significant overall improvement in the Child Behavior Checklist scores, however some children continued to show substantial difficulties. Parents' satisfaction with therapy was related to these scores after treatment. The results suggest that brief therapy was appropriate for most of the families and that routine follow-up could help determine those who might benefit from further assistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Allison
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Allison S, Bernier MJ, Owen SV. Relationship of cardiac inpatients' outcomes to mood state. Outcomes Manag Nurs Pract 2000; 4:85-90. [PMID: 11111589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
This descriptive study used a computerized charge capture system (CCCS) to explore the differences of cost and length of stay (LOS) between cardiac inpatients with a diagnosis of depression (n = 144) and cardiac inpatients without depression (n = 9,099). Level of severity, gender, and mood state (depression vs. nondepression) were also compared. A matched sample of 352 nondepressed patients was compared with a sample of 94 depressed patients. There were no significant differences between the depressed and nondepressed groups. However, the study did indicate interesting findings regarding mood state, gender, and cardiac outcomes. Depression was significantly overrepresented among females (chi 2 = 24.0, df = 1, P < 0.05). When gender and mood state were considered together, women with cardiac disease who were depressed had significantly longer lengths of stay (LOSs) and increased costs than men with depression (F = 6.6, df = 1, P = 0.01). A major unanticipated finding was the extremely low incidence of depression detected in these patients (1.6%) when compared with patients in other studies. One possible reason for the low incidence of depression was related to the use of a financial, rather than a clinical, data set.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Allison
- University of Texas, Medical Branch, School of Nursing, 301 Mechanic Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Allison S. Undernutrition and function: another piece in the jigsaw [commet]. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000; 12:149-50. [PMID: 10741927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The stomach, small intestine and pancreas share in the progressive bodily dysfunction associated with undernutrition and weight loss. All these changes are reversed by nutritional support whether given enterally or parenterally, emphasizing that parenteral and enteral nutrition are the treatment of gastrointestinal failure as dialysis is of renal failure or ventilation is of respiratory failure. The observations described by Winter and colleagues have important implications for our understanding of the relationship between nutrition and physiology. They also have important implications for the care of patients with gastrointestinal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Allison
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, University Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Walsworth M, Schneider R, Schultz J, Dahl C, Allison S, Underwood F, Freund J. Prediction of 10 repetition maximum for short-arc quadriceps exercise from hand-held dynamometer and anthropometric measurements. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1998; 28:97-104. [PMID: 9699159 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.1998.28.2.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Short-arc quadriceps exercise are commonly prescribed in physical therapy for strengthening knee extensor musculature. Determining the appropriate starting resistance has traditionally been a trial-and-error procedure. Therefore, developing an expedient method of estimating the correct starting resistance may lead to a more accurate exercise prescription. The primary purpose of this study was to establish a technique for predicting an individual's 10 repetition maximum (10 RM) based on hand-held dynamometer (HHD) strength recording and additional anthropometric predictor variables. Fifty healthy subjects (31 males and 19 females), aged 22-53 years, participated in the study. A prediction equation for determining 10 RM using HHD strength recording, weight, gender, and age was developed. By implementing this equation, clinicians can predict a normal, healthy, young to middle-aged adult's 10 RM within +/- 4.17 kg with a 95% confidence level (SEE = 2.13 kg).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Walsworth
- U.S. Army-Baylor University Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, Academy of Health Sciences, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ehrich B, Clark M, Rakowski W, Allison S. Implementing a computer-based mammography education project in a managed care setting. Med Health R I 1998; 81:79-82. [PMID: 9560557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Ehrich
- Center for Gerontology and Health Care Research, Brown University Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Affiliation(s)
- S Allison
- Department of Medicine, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
Affiliation(s)
- S Allison
- Department of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Affiliation(s)
- S Allison
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
|
33
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE South Australian psychiatrists were surveyed to determine their impressions of the usefulness of marital and family therapy (MFT) in the management of serious psychiatric conditions and to ascertain their previous experience with Continuing Medical Education (CME) about family therapy. It was expected that psychiatrists' preferences regarding CME would be related to their clinical experience of the usefulness of MFT. METHOD One hundred and twenty psychiatrists returned a questionnaire about their training, clinical and research interests, with ratings of the usefulness of MFT and CME preferences. This represented 65% of those eligible for the CME programme. RESULTS Thirteen percent of the respondents found MFT to be extremely useful and a further 47% found it moderately useful in their current practice. There was evidence of a possible training effect: respondents who had previous CME rated MFT as more useful, especially for mood disorders. Furthermore, the treatment of mood disorders seemed to have a particular relevance in family psychiatry, making a statistically unique contribution to ratings of MFT usefulness in the respondents' total practice. Sixty-nine percent of the respondents requested further CME in family therapy. This represented 45% of all South Australian psychiatrists. Respondents who rated MFT as more useful in practice were significantly more likely to be interested in CME. CONCLUSIONS There seems to be sufficient interest and clinical experience among psychiatrists for MFT to be included in CME courses. It is recommended that further training focus on major mental disorders, especially mood disorders and schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Allison
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
This study investigated associations between adolescents' perceptions of their family dynamics (McMaster Family Assessment Device, FAD) and depression, suicide thoughts and attempts. High school students (mean age 15.2 years) completed self-report questionnaires including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the FAD, questions about suicidal thoughts, plans and attempts, deliberate self harm, and selected life experiences. Univariate analysis showed that family dysfunction measured on the FAD is associated with thinking and planning suicide, deliberate self harm, suicide attempts, as well as severe depression (BDI > or = 22). Despite this, stepwise regression indicated that family dysfunction influences suicide behaviors indirectly through other variables such as depression. The FAD is recommended as a useful addition to questionnaires seeking to identify vulnerability to both depression and adolescent attempted suicide in early detection studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Martin
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, University Medical School, South Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Allison S, Balzola F, Boggio-Bertinet D, Bouletreau P, Guarnieri G, Irving M, Ladefoged K, Lochs H, Messing B, Miglioli M, Pironi L, Salis G, Thul P. Organisation, management, legal and ethicalaspects of home artificial nutrition: comparison among European countries. Clin Nutr 1995; 14 Suppl 1:92-4. [PMID: 16843984 DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(95)80293-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Allison
- Institute of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Bologna, St. Orsola Hospital, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Flanagan JR, Wing AM, Allison S, Spenceley A. Effects of surface texture on weight perception when lifting objects with a precision grip. Percept Psychophys 1995; 57:282-90. [PMID: 7770320 DOI: 10.3758/bf03213054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we show that, when lifting an object using a precision grip with the distal pads of the thumb and index finger at its sides, the perceived weight depends on the object's surface texture. The smoother the surface texture, the greater the perceived weight. We suggest that a smoother object is judged to be heavier because the grip force, normal to the surface, required to prevent it from slipping is greater. The possibility of there being an influence of surface texture per se is excluded by a second experiment that employed a variant of the precision grip in which the thumb supports the weight of the object from underneath. With the grip oriented in this way, there is no need to match grip force to surface texture and, under these conditions, there is no effect of surface texture on weight perception. In the first two experiments, the test and comparison weights were lifted successively by the same hand. In a third experiment, the effect of surface texture was replicated for sequential lifts made with separate hands. Thus, the effect is not restricted to comparisons made with the same hand.
Collapse
|
37
|
Estey A, Kemp M, Allison S, Lamb C. Evaluation of a patient information booklet. J Nurs Staff Dev 1993; 9:278-82. [PMID: 8263591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Preoperative teaching is an integral component of the care surgical patients receive. The need for consistent preoperative information has resulted in growing use of printed health information. There are many printed materials for nurses to choose from; however, these materials serve no useful teaching purpose if patients are unable to understand them. This study evaluates how well surgical patients understand the content presented in an educational booklet used for preoperative teaching. A Cloze test was designed to assess comprehension of a booklet prepared at a grade five reading level. Scores revealed that 84% of subjects scored above 56% and were able to comprehend the material independently; 10% scored between 44% and 56%, indicating they would require some help; and 6% scored less than 44% and were not able to comprehend the information.
Collapse
|
38
|
Wing AM, Allison S, Jenner JR. Retaining and retraining balance after stroke. Baillieres Clin Neurol 1993; 2:87-120. [PMID: 8143076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A M Wing
- Medical Research Council, Applied Psychology Unit, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Pringle M, Stewart-Evans C, Coupland C, Williams I, Allison S, Sterland J. Influences on control in diabetes mellitus: patient, doctor, practice, or delivery of care? BMJ 1993; 306:630-4. [PMID: 8461816 PMCID: PMC1676967 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.306.6878.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess patient, doctor, practice, and process of care variables for their effect on glycaemic control in diabetes mellitus, and to quantify their relative effects. DESIGN Search of general practice medical records, patient questionnaires and examination, doctor questionnaire, videotaping and analysis of consultations, and practice questionnaire. SETTING 12 practices with 32 participating general practitioners in Nottinghamshire. SUBJECTS 318 patients randomly selected from those with diabetes in each practice, 10 for each participating doctor. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Glycaemic control as measured by random glycated haemoglobin A1c estimation (random haemoglobin A1 measurement). RESULTS Glycaemic control was significantly related to the disease process as measured by years since diagnosis, treatment group, and number of diabetes related clinical events. Females had significantly worse control than males. Other patient factors, such as age, social class, lifestyle, attitudes, satisfaction, and knowledge, had no association with glycaemic control. Of all the doctor factors examined, only doctors who professed a special interest in diabetes achieved significantly better glycaemic control. Bigger and better equipped practices and those with a diabetic miniclinic had patients with significantly better glycaemic control, as did those with access to dietetic advice. Patients attending hospital clinics had worse glycaemic control, but this seemed to be attributable to the case mix and practice characteristics. Shared care did not contribute to the multiple linear regression model. CONCLUSION Glycaemic control among diabetic patients in the community is related to such factors as treatment group, sex, and years since diagnosis; it is also related to the organisation and process of care. The findings support concentrating diabetic care on partners with special interests in diabetes in well equipped practices with adequate dietetic support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Pringle
- University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Rogoski C, Blake P, Allison S, Klapstein C. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a nursing perspective. AARN News Lett 1992; 48:4-6. [PMID: 1481622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
41
|
Allison S, Sheehy TW. Alcohol: yesterday and today have we changed? Ala Med 1992; 61:13-4, 16, 18. [PMID: 1456187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Allison
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama Medical Center, Birmingham
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Allison S. Indexing and abstracting Clinical Nutrition. Clin Nutr 1992; 11:113. [PMID: 16839985 DOI: 10.1016/0261-5614(92)90070-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
43
|
Allison S. The pre-admission program: a proactive approach to management. Leadersh Health Serv 1992; 1:37-9. [PMID: 10119470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Spiralling health care costs are forcing hospital administrators to find creative alternatives to traditional health care delivery systems. One of the most recent innovations rapidly gaining favour is the pre-admission program. The article describes how a well-developed pre-admission program can have a significantly positive impact on bed utilization, diagnostic services, patient satisfaction and overall quality of care, and provides examples from a successful pre-admission program implemented at the University of Alberta Hospitals.
Collapse
|
44
|
Allison S, Latham G. Same day admission surgery. Teamwork is the key to this dual approach to surgery in the 90s. Can Nurse 1991; 87:25. [PMID: 1764670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
45
|
Allison S. The pre admission program. AARN News Lett 1991; 47:8-10. [PMID: 1927218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
46
|
Lewis EJ, Allison S, Fader D, Claflin V, Baizer L. Bovine dopamine beta-hydroxylase cDNA. Complete coding sequence and expression in mammalian cells with vaccinia virus vector. J Biol Chem 1990; 265:1021-8. [PMID: 1688549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We have isolated cDNA clones for bovine dopamine beta-hydroxylase from an adrenal medulla cDNA library and have determined the complete coding sequence. The largest cDNA clone isolated from the library is 2.4 kilobase pairs (kb) and contains an open reading frame of 1788 bases, coding for a protein of 597 amino acids and Mr = 66,803. The predicted amino acid sequence of the bovine cDNA contains 85% identity with human dopamine beta-hydroxylase (Lamouroux, A., Vingny, A., Faucon Biquet, N., Darmon, M. C., Franck, R., Henry, J.P., and Mallet, J. (1987) EMBO J. 6, 3931-3937; Kobayashi, K., Kurosawa, Y., Fujita, K., and Nagatsu, T. (1989) Nucleic Acids Res. 17, 1089-1102). Northern blot analysis reveals that the cDNA hybridizes to an mRNA of 2.4 kb present in bovine adrenal medulla, but not in kidney, heart, or liver. In addition, the cDNA hybridizes to a second RNA species of 5.5 kb, which is 4-fold less abundant than the 2.4-kb RNA. In vitro translation of a synthetic RNA transcribed from the 2.4-kb cDNA produces a 68-kDa protein, which is specifically immunoprecipitated by antiserum to bovine dopamine beta-hydroxylase. The 2.4-kb cDNA was cloned into a vaccinia virus vector, and the recombinant virus was used to infect the rat pheochromocytoma PC12 and monkey BSC-40 fibroblast cell lines. In both cell lines, infection with recombinant virus produces a protein of Mr = 75,000, which reacts with antiserum to bovine dopamine beta-hydroxylase. These results indicate that the 2.4-kb cDNA contains the genetic information necessary to code for the bovine dopamine beta-hydroxylase subunit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E J Lewis
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lewis EJ, Allison S, Fader D, Claflin V, Baizer L. Bovine dopamine beta-hydroxylase cDNA. Complete coding sequence and expression in mammalian cells with vaccinia virus vector. J Biol Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)40153-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
48
|
Abstract
In this report, a sleep deprivation/multiple arousal paradigm was used in which response time (RT) and respiratory and electroencephalographic (EEG) measures were combined with a continuous behavioral index of arousal (a deadman switch) and frequently repeated Stanford Sleepiness Scale ratings to examine the process of falling asleep. Sleep was defined behaviorally as failure to respond to the faint auditory RT cue. Although response rates decreased significantly as EEG stages passed from W through 1 to 2, responding continued in both light "sleep" stages. Respiratory, subjective, and DM changes were more pronounced between Stages W and 1 than between Stages 1 and 2. If the criterion for wakefulness is cognitive response to external stimulation, accurate distinctions between sleep and wakefulness can only be made in EEG Stages 3, 4, and rapid eye movement sleep. If EEG is the criterion, then the data suggest that cognitive response is possible during Stages 1 and 2 "sleep". The concept of a Sleep Onset Period, characterized by lengthening response times and intermittent response failure (thereby reflecting neither true sleep nor wakefulness), may provide a useful resolution to this definitional dilemma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R D Ogilvie
- Psychophysiology Section, Medical Research Council Applied Psychology Unit, Cambridge, U.K
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
In a booth at a public exhibition entitled "Medicines for Man," 5,325 men, women, and children carried out a 1-minute test of simple reaction time (RT) with 1 to 10 second randomized variable preparatory interval (PI). They recorded their ages by decade. Average RT over the last eight (of ten) trials increased progressively from the 20s up to age 60 and over, and downward to the teens and under 10s. The single fastest RT in each test varied much less with age, only the 20s being clearly faster than the rest, with the under 10s slower. Within-subject variability of RT was increased only in the under 10s and over 60s. Ability to sustain attention during the longer PIs may underlie the gross average RT differences with age, and possibly some more basic neural property the superiority of the 20s in fastest RT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R T Wilkinson
- Medical Research Council, Psychophysiology Section, Cambridge, England
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Shader RI, Pary RJ, Harmatz JS, Allison S, Locniskar A, Greenblatt DJ. Plasma concentrations and clinical effects after single oral doses of prazepam, clorazepate, and diazepam. J Clin Psychiatry 1984; 45:411-3. [PMID: 6148339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In a double-blind parallel-group pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study, 31 healthy volunteers received single oral doses of prazepam (10 mg), clorazepate (7.5 mg), or diazepam (5 mg). Appearance in plasma of diazepam and of desmethyldiazepam was rapid after administration of diazepam and clorazepate, respectively, with peak plasma concentrations reached within an average of 1 hour. After oral prazepam, however, desmethyldiazepam appeared in blood slowly, with the highest mean concentration at 6 hours postdosage. Clinical self-ratings of fatigue and of "feeling spacey" were significantly different among groups, with changes over baseline being more marked with clorazepate and diazepam than with prazepam. Thus, differences in absorption rate of orally administered benzodiazepines can lead to differences in the intensity of single-dose effects, despite administration of doses that are equivalent in terms of long-term anxiolytic efficacy.
Collapse
|