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Tourigny DS, Altieri B, Secener KA, Sbiera S, Schauer MP, Arampatzi P, Herterich S, Sauer S, Fassnacht M, Ronchi CL. Cellular landscape of adrenocortical carcinoma at single-nuclei resolution. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 590:112272. [PMID: 38759836 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare yet devastating tumour of the adrenal gland with a molecular pathology that remains incompletely understood. To gain novel insights into the cellular landscape of ACC, we generated single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) data sets from twelve ACC tumour samples and analysed these alongside snRNA-seq data sets from normal adrenal glands (NAGs). We find the ACC tumour microenvironment to be relatively devoid of immune cells compared to NAG tissues, consistent with known high tumour purity values for ACC as an immunologically "cold" tumour. Our analysis identifies three separate groups of ACC samples that are characterised by different relative compositions of adrenocortical cell types. These include cell populations that are specifically enriched in the most clinically aggressive and hormonally active tumours, displaying hallmarks of reorganised cell mechanobiology and dysregulated steroidogenesis, respectively. We also identified and validated a population of mitotically active adrenocortical cells that strongly overexpress genes POLQ, DIAPH3 and EZH2 to support tumour expansion alongside an LGR4+ progenitor-like or cell-of-origin candidate for adrenocortical carcinogenesis. Trajectory inference suggests the fate adopted by malignant adrenocortical cells upon differentiation is associated with the copy number or allelic balance state of the imprinted DLK1/MEG3 genomic locus, which we verified by assessing bulk tumour DNA methylation status. In conclusion, our results therefore provide new insights into the clinical and cellular heterogeneity of ACC, revealing how genetic perturbations to healthy adrenocortical renewal and zonation provide a molecular basis for disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Tourigny
- School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Barbara Altieri
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Kerim A Secener
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, 13125, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Free University Berlin, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Silviu Sbiera
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Marc P Schauer
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany; Center for Cellular Immunotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | | | - Sabine Herterich
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Sascha Sauer
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, 13125, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, B15 2GW, UK.
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Chifu I, Burger-Stritt S, Schrader A, Herterich S, Freytag J, Kurlbaum M, Vogg N, Werner J, Quinkler M, Hahner S. Predisposing factors for adrenal crisis in chronic adrenal insufficiency: a case-control study. Eur J Endocrinol 2023; 189:537-545. [PMID: 38006230 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvad149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify susceptibility markers for adrenal crises (AC) in educated patients with chronic adrenal insufficiency (AI). DESIGN A case-control study involving 66 patients with AI analyzing the impact of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid exposure, adrenomedullary function, inflammatory parameters, and educational status on AC frequency. Patients were categorized into low (n = 32) and high (n = 34) AC frequency groups based on AC occurrence (below or 2 times above the average of the reported AC frequency of 8.3 AC/100 patient-years in a previous prospective study). METHODS Parameters, including cortisol plasma profile and urinary steroid excretion after administration of the morning glucocorticoid dose, 24-h urinary steroid profiling, salivary cortisol profiling, and hair cortisol, estimated cortisol exposure. Polymorphisms (single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP]) of the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) and mineralocorticoid receptor (NR3C2) associated with individual steroid sensitivity were assessed together with SNPs for 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (HSD11B1) and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (HSD11B2). Mineralocorticoid replacement was evaluated by serum and urinary electrolytes and osmolality, plasma-renin concentration, and ambulatory blood pressure levels. We additionally measured plasma and urinary catecholamines, serum levels of IL6 and hsCRP, and SNPs of IL6 and TNF-alpha. Patient knowledge of AC prevention was assessed by questionnaires. RESULTS Frequent AC patients had higher daily glucocorticoid doses and hair cortisol levels, with no significant differences in other parameters investigated. AC frequency is inversely correlated with the frequency of self-reported adjustments of the glucocorticoid replacement. CONCLUSION Higher glucocorticoid dosages in high-risk patients, despite unaffected cortisol metabolism, may be linked to decreased cortisol sensitivity or impaired glucocorticoid absorption. Proactive dose adjustments show a protective effect against AC, regardless of biological vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Chifu
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Burger-Stritt
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Schrader
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Janik Freytag
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Max Kurlbaum
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Nora Vogg
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Werner
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | | | - Stefanie Hahner
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
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Gotru SK, Mammadova-Bach E, Sogkas G, Schuhmann MK, Schmitt K, Kraft P, Herterich S, Mamtimin M, Pinarci A, Beck S, Stritt S, Chao H, Ren P, Freund JN, Klemann C, Ringshausen FC, Heemskerk JWM, Dietrich A, Nieswandt B, Stoll G, Gudermann T, Braun A. MAGT1 Deficiency Dysregulates Platelet Cation Homeostasis and Accelerates Arterial Thrombosis and Ischemic Stroke in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023. [PMID: 37381987 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MAGT1 (magnesium transporter 1) is a subunit of the oligosaccharide protein complex with thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase activity, supporting the process of N-glycosylation. MAGT1 deficiency was detected in human patients with X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect syndrome and congenital disorders of glycosylation, resulting in decreased cation responses in lymphocytes, thereby inhibiting the immune response against viral infections. Curative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation of patients with X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect causes fatal bleeding and thrombotic complications. METHODS We studied the role of MAGT1 deficiency in platelet function in relation to arterial thrombosis and hemostasis using several in vitro experimental settings and in vivo models of arterial thrombosis and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model of ischemic stroke. RESULTS MAGT1-deficient mice (Magt1-/y) displayed accelerated occlusive arterial thrombus formation in vivo, a shortened bleeding time, and profound brain damage upon focal cerebral ischemia. These defects resulted in increased calcium influx and enhanced second wave mediator release, which further reinforced platelet reactivity and aggregation responses. Supplementation of MgCl2 or pharmacological blockade of TRPC6 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 6) channels, but not inhibition of store-operated calcium entry, normalized the aggregation responses of Magt1-/y platelets to the control level. GP (glycoprotein) VI activation of Magt1-/y platelets resulted in hyperphosphorylation of Syk (spleen tyrosine kinase), LAT (linker for activation of T cells), and PLC (phospholipase C) γ2, whereas the inhibitory loop regulated by PKC (protein kinase C) was impaired. A hyperaggregation response to the GP VI agonist was confirmed in human platelets isolated from a MAGT1-deficient (X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect) patient. Haploinsufficiency of TRPC6 in Magt1-/y mice could normalize GP VI signaling, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that MAGT1 and TRPC6 are functionally linked. Therefore, deficiency or impaired functionality of MAGT1 could be a potential risk factor for arterial thrombosis and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kiran Gotru
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Germany. (S.K.G., K.S., S.B., S.S., B.N., A.B.)
| | - Elmina Mammadova-Bach
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (E.M.-B., M.M., A.P., H.C., A.D., T.G., A.B.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians University Hospital, Munich, Germany (E.M.-B., M.M., H.C.)
| | - Georgios Sogkas
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Germany. (G. Sogkas)
- Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Germany. (G. Sogkas)
| | - Michael K Schuhmann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Germany (M.K.S., P.K., G. Stoll)
| | - Karen Schmitt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Germany. (S.K.G., K.S., S.B., S.S., B.N., A.B.)
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Germany (M.K.S., P.K., G. Stoll)
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Main-Spessart, Lohr, Germany (P.K.)
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Würzburg, Germany. (S.H.)
| | - Medina Mamtimin
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (E.M.-B., M.M., A.P., H.C., A.D., T.G., A.B.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians University Hospital, Munich, Germany (E.M.-B., M.M., H.C.)
| | - Akif Pinarci
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (E.M.-B., M.M., A.P., H.C., A.D., T.G., A.B.)
| | - Sarah Beck
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Germany. (S.K.G., K.S., S.B., S.S., B.N., A.B.)
| | - Simon Stritt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Germany. (S.K.G., K.S., S.B., S.S., B.N., A.B.)
| | - Han Chao
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (E.M.-B., M.M., A.P., H.C., A.D., T.G., A.B.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians University Hospital, Munich, Germany (E.M.-B., M.M., H.C.)
| | - Pengxuan Ren
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, China (P.R.)
| | - Jean-Noël Freund
- INSERM, IRFAC/UMR-S1113, FMTS, University of Strasbourg, France (J.-N.F.)
| | - Christian Klemann
- Department of Women and Child Health, Center of Pediatric Research (CPL), Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Leipzig University, Germany (C.K.)
| | - Felix C Ringshausen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Germany. (F.C.R.)
- Biomedical Research in Obstructive and End-Stage Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany (F.C.R.)
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, the Netherlands (J.W.M.H.)
| | - Alexander Dietrich
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (E.M.-B., M.M., A.P., H.C., A.D., T.G., A.B.)
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Germany. (S.K.G., K.S., S.B., S.S., B.N., A.B.)
| | - Guido Stoll
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Germany (M.K.S., P.K., G. Stoll)
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (E.M.-B., M.M., A.P., H.C., A.D., T.G., A.B.)
| | - Attila Braun
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Germany. (S.K.G., K.S., S.B., S.S., B.N., A.B.)
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany (E.M.-B., M.M., A.P., H.C., A.D., T.G., A.B.)
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McNeill RV, Kehrwald C, Brum M, Knopf K, Brunkhorst-Kanaan N, Etyemez S, Koreny C, Bittner RA, Freudenberg F, Herterich S, Reif A, Kittel-Schneider S. Uncovering associations between mental illness diagnosis, nitric oxide synthase gene variation, and peripheral nitric oxide concentration. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 101:275-283. [PMID: 35041938 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) signalling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several mental illnesses; however, its specific contribution remains unclear. We investigated whether peripheral NO concentration is associated with specific diagnoses, and whether there is a correlation with genetic variation in NO synthase (NOS) genes. We included 185 participants in the study; 52 healthy controls, 43 major depressive disorder (MDD) patients, 41 bipolar disorder (BPD) patients, and 49 schizophrenia (SCZ) patients. Clinical, genetic, and biochemical data were collected at admission to a psychiatric hospital and at discharge. Serum was used to quantify concentration of the stable NO metabolites nitrite and nitrate. Individuals were genotyped for the NOS1 exon 1f variable number of tandem repeats 1 (VNTR1) polymorphism, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the NOS1, NOS1AP and NOS3 genes. At admission, SCZ patients were found to have significantly higher peripheral NO metabolite (NOx-) concentrations compared to healthy controls, MDD and BPD patients. NOS1 exon 1f VNTR1 short allele carriers were found to have significantly increased NOx- concentration. Moreover, this result was still significant in patients even at discharge. The data also revealed that patients who did not remit in their depressive symptoms had significantly increased NOx- concentration compared to remitters at discharge, supported by the finding of a significant positive correlation between depression symptom severity and NOx- concentration. Taken together, it is possible that elevated peripheral NOx- concentration is associated with increased severity of psychopathology, potentially due to NOS1 exon1f VNTR1 genotype. Our results further implicate NO signalling in mental illness pathogenesis, supporting its possible use as a peripheral biomarker, and imply that NOS genotype may play a significant role in regulating peripheral NOx- concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon V McNeill
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, D-60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Christopher Kehrwald
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, D-60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Murielle Brum
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, D-60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Katrin Knopf
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, D-60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Nathalie Brunkhorst-Kanaan
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, D-60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Semra Etyemez
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, D-60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Carolin Koreny
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Robert A Bittner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, D-60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Ernst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Florian Freudenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, D-60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, D-60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Sarah Kittel-Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, D-60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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5
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Landwehr LS, Schreiner J, Appenzeller S, Kircher S, Herterich S, Sbiera S, Fassnacht M, Kroiss M, Weigand I. A novel patient-derived cell line of adrenocortical carcinoma shows a pathogenic role of germline MUTYH mutation and high tumour mutational burden. Eur J Endocrinol 2021; 184:823-835. [PMID: 33830941 DOI: 10.1530/eje-20-1423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The response of advanced adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) to current chemotherapies is unsatisfactory and a limited rate of response to immunotherapy was observed in clinical trials. High tumour mutational burden (TMB) and the presence of a specific DNA signature are characteristic features of tumours with mutations in the gene MUTYH encoding the mutY DNA glycosylase. Both have been shown to potentially predict the response to immunotherapy. High TMB in an ACC cell line model has not been reported yet. DESIGN AND METHODS The JIL-2266 cell line was established from a primary ACC tumour, comprehensively characterised and oxidative damage, caused by a dysfunctional mutY DNA glycosylase, confirmed. RESULTS Here, we characterise the novel patient-derived ACC cell line JIL-2266, which is deficient in mutY-dependent DNA repair. JIL-2266 cells have a consistent STR marker profile that confirmed congruousness with primary ACC tumour. Cells proliferate with a doubling time of 41 ± 13 h. Immunohistochemistry revealed positivity for steroidogenic factor-1. Mass spectrometry did not demonstrate significant steroid hormone synthesis. JIL-2266 have hemizygous mutations in the tumour suppressor gene TP53 (c.859G>T:p.E287X) and MUTYH (c.316C>T:p.R106W). Exome sequencing showed 683 single nucleotide variants and 4 insertions/deletions. We found increased oxidative DNA damage in the cell line and the corresponding primary tumour caused by impaired mutY DNA glycosylase function and accumulation of 8-oxoguanine. CONCLUSION This model will be valuable as a pre-clinical ACC cell model with high TMB and a tool to study oxidative DNA damage in the adrenal gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura-Sophie Landwehr
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Schreiner
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Silke Appenzeller
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kircher
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Silviu Sbiera
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kroiss
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabel Weigand
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Weigand I, Ronchi CL, Vanselow JT, Bathon K, Lenz K, Herterich S, Schlosser A, Kroiss M, Fassnacht M, Calebiro D, Sbiera S. PKA Cα subunit mutation triggers caspase-dependent RIIβ subunit degradation via Ser 114 phosphorylation. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/8/eabd4176. [PMID: 33608270 PMCID: PMC7895437 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd4176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the PRKACA gene are the most frequent cause of cortisol-producing adrenocortical adenomas leading to Cushing's syndrome. PRKACA encodes for the catalytic subunit α of protein kinase A (PKA). We already showed that PRKACA mutations lead to impairment of regulatory (R) subunit binding. Furthermore, PRKACA mutations are associated with reduced RIIβ protein levels; however, the mechanisms leading to reduced RIIβ levels are presently unknown. Here, we investigate the effects of the most frequent PRKACA mutation, L206R, on regulatory subunit stability. We find that Ser114 phosphorylation of RIIβ is required for its degradation, mediated by caspase 16. Last, we show that the resulting reduction in RIIβ protein levels leads to increased cortisol secretion in adrenocortical cells. These findings reveal the molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological relevance of the R subunit degradation caused by PRKACA mutations, adding another dimension to the deregulation of PKA signaling caused by PRKACA mutations in adrenal Cushing's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Weigand
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jens T Vanselow
- Rudolf-Virchow-Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Bathon
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bio-Imaging Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Lenz
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schlosser
- Rudolf-Virchow-Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kroiss
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Davide Calebiro
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bio-Imaging Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Nottingham and Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Silviu Sbiera
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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7
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Altieri B, Sbiera S, Weigand I, Volante M, Steinhauer S, Lorey A, Kendl S, Kurlbaum M, Herterich S, Della CS, Colao A, Terzolo M, Kroiss M, Fassnacht M, Ronchi C. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2W1 affect steroid secretion in adrenocortical cell line and tumor tissues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1530/endoabs.70.aep5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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8
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Frey A, Gassenmaier T, Hofmann U, Schmitt D, Fette G, Marx A, Herterich S, Boivin-Jahns V, Ertl G, Bley T, Frantz S, Jahns R, Störk S. Coagulation factor XIII activity predicts left ventricular remodelling after acute myocardial infarction. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:2354-2364. [PMID: 32548915 PMCID: PMC7524135 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is the major cause of chronic heart failure. The activity of blood coagulation factor XIII (FXIIIa) plays an important role in rodents as a healing factor after MI, whereas its role in healing and remodelling processes in humans remains unclear. We prospectively evaluated the relevance of FXIIIa after acute MI as a potential early prognostic marker for adequate healing. METHODS AND RESULTS This monocentric prospective cohort study investigated cardiac remodelling in patients with ST-elevation MI and followed them up for 1 year. Serum FXIIIa was serially assessed during the first 9 days after MI and after 2, 6, and 12 months. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed within 4 days after MI (Scan 1), after 7 to 9 days (Scan 2), and after 12 months (Scan 3). The FXIII valine-to-leucine (V34L) single-nucleotide polymorphism rs5985 was genotyped. One hundred forty-six patients were investigated (mean age 58 ± 11 years, 13% women). Median FXIIIa was 118% (quartiles, 102-132%) and dropped to a trough on the second day after MI: 109% (98-109%; P < 0.001). FXIIIa recovered slowly over time, reaching the baseline level after 2 to 6 months and surpassed baseline levels only after 12 months: 124% (110-142%). The development of FXIIIa after MI was independent of the genotype. FXIIIa on Day 2 was strongly and inversely associated with the relative size of MI in Scan 1 (Spearman's ρ = -0.31; P = 0.01) and Scan 3 (ρ = -0.39; P < 0.01) and positively associated with left ventricular ejection fraction: ρ = 0.32 (P < 0.01) and ρ = 0.24 (P = 0.04), respectively. CONCLUSIONS FXIII activity after MI is highly dynamic, exhibiting a significant decline in the early healing period, with reconstitution 6 months later. Depressed FXIIIa early after MI predicted a greater size of MI and lower left ventricular ejection fraction after 1 year. The clinical relevance of these findings awaits to be tested in a randomized trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Frey
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Gassenmaier
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hofmann
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Schmitt
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Georg Fette
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department for Artificial Intelligence and Applied Computer Science, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Almuth Marx
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Valérie Boivin-Jahns
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Georg Ertl
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bley
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Roland Jahns
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Bank of Biomaterials and Data Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Störk
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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9
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Ridderbusch IC, Yang Y, Weber H, Reif A, Herterich S, Ströhle A, Pfleiderer B, Arolt V, Wittchen HU, Lueken U, Kircher T, Straube B. Neural correlates of NOS1 ex1f-VNTR allelic variation in panic disorder and agoraphobia during fear conditioning and extinction in fMRI. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 27:102268. [PMID: 32361414 PMCID: PMC7200443 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
NOS1 ex1f-VNTR is associated with neural correlates during fear extinction learning. Differential effects are prominent in amygdala and hippocampus. Patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia differ from healthy controls. Genotype associated effects were not altered after cognitive behavioral therapy.
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS-I) impacts on fear/anxiety-like behavior in animals. In humans, the short (S) allele of a functional promotor polymorphism of NOS1 (NOS1 ex1f-VNTR) has been shown to be associated with higher anxiety and altered fear conditioning in healthy subjects in the amygdala and hippocampus (AMY/HIPP). Here, we explore the role of NOS1 ex1f-VNTR as a pathophysiological correlate of panic disorder and agoraphobia (PD/AG). In a sub-sample of a multicenter cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) randomized controlled trial in patients with PD/AG (n = 48: S/S-genotype n=15, S/L-genotype n=21, L/L-genotype n=12) and healthy control subjects, HS (n = 34: S/S-genotype n=7, S/L-genotype n=17, L/L-genotype=10), a differential fear conditioning and extinction fMRI-paradigm was used to investigate how NOS1 ex1f-VNTR genotypes are associated with differential neural activation in AMY/HIPP. Prior to CBT, L/L-allele carriers showed higher activation than S/S-allele carriers in AMY/HIPP. A genotype × diagnosis interaction revealed that the S-allele in HS was associated with a pronounced deactivation in AMY/HIPP, while patients showed contrary effects. The interaction of genotype × stimulus type (CS+, conditioned stimulus associated with an aversive stimulus vs. CS-, unassociated) showed effects on differential learning in AMY/HIPP. All effects were predominately found during extinction. Genotype associated effects in patients were not altered after CBT. Low statistical power due to small sample size in each subgroup is a major limitation. However, our findings provide first preliminary evidence for dysfunctional neural fear conditioning/extinction associated with NOS1 ex1f-VNTR genotype in the context of PD/AG, shedding new light on the complex interaction between genetic risk, current psychopathology and treatment-related effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle C Ridderbusch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy & Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior - CMBB, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Yunbo Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy & Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior - CMBB, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Heike Weber
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Ströhle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bettina Pfleiderer
- Medical Faculty, University of Münster and Department Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Volker Arolt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Wittchen
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), München, Germany
| | - Ulrike Lueken
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy & Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior - CMBB, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Straube
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy & Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior - CMBB, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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10
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Altieri B, Sbiera S, Herterich S, De Francia S, Della Casa S, Calabrese A, Pontecorvi A, Quinkler M, Kienitz T, Mannelli M, Canu L, Angelousi A, Chortis V, Kroiss M, Terzolo M, Fassnacht M, Ronchi CL. Effects of Germline CYP2W1*6 and CYP2B6*6 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on Mitotane Treatment in Adrenocortical Carcinoma: A Multicenter ENSAT Study. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020359. [PMID: 32033200 PMCID: PMC7072643 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitotane is the only approved drug for advanced adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and no biomarkers are available to predict attainment of therapeutic plasma concentrations and clinical response. Aim of the study was to evaluate the suitability of cytochrome P450(CYP)2W1 and CYP2B6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as biomarkers. A multicenter cohort study including 182 ACC patients (F/M = 121/61) treated with mitotane monotherapy after radical resection (group A, n = 103) or in not completely resectable, recurrent or advanced disease (group B, n = 79) was performed. CYP2W1*2, CYP2W1*6, CYP2B6*6 and CYP2B6 rs4803419 were genotyped in germline DNA. Mitotane blood levels were measured regularly. Response to therapy was evaluated as time to progression (TTP) and disease control rate (DCR). Among investigated SNPs, CYP2W1*6 and CYP2B6*6 correlated with mitotane treatment only in group B. Patients with CYP2W1*6 (n = 21) achieved less frequently therapeutic mitotane levels (>14 mg/L) than those with wild type (WT) allele (76.2% vs 51.7%, p = 0.051) and experienced shorter TTP (HR = 2.10, p = 0.019) and lower DCR (chi-square = 6.948, p = 0.008). By contrast, 55% of patients with CYP2B6*6 vs. 28.2% WT (p = 0.016) achieved therapeutic range. Combined, a higher rate of patients with CYP2W1*6WT+CYP2B6*6 (60.6%) achieved mitotane therapeutic range (p = 0.034). In not completely resectable, recurrent or advanced ACC, CYP2W1*6 SNP was associated with a reduced probability to reach mitotane therapeutic range and lower response rates, whereas CYP2B6*6 correlated with higher mitotane levels. The association of these SNPs may predict individual response to mitotane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Altieri
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (B.A.); (S.S.); (M.K.); (M.F.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (S.D.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Silviu Sbiera
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (B.A.); (S.S.); (M.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Silvia De Francia
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy;
| | - Silvia Della Casa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (S.D.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Anna Calabrese
- Division of Internal Medicine I, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Alfredo Pontecorvi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (S.D.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Marcus Quinkler
- Endocrinology in Charlottenburg, 10627 Berlin, Germany; (M.Q.)
| | - Tina Kienitz
- Endocrinology in Charlottenburg, 10627 Berlin, Germany; (M.Q.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Massimo Mannelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Letizia Canu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Anna Angelousi
- 1st Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko Hospital, 11527 Goudi, Greece;
| | - Vasileios Chortis
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, UK;
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B152TT, UK
| | - Matthias Kroiss
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (B.A.); (S.S.); (M.K.); (M.F.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Massimo Terzolo
- Division of Internal Medicine I, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; (A.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (B.A.); (S.S.); (M.K.); (M.F.)
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cristina L. Ronchi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (B.A.); (S.S.); (M.K.); (M.F.)
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, UK;
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B152TT, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-0931-20139720
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11
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Sbiera S, Perez-Rivas LG, Taranets L, Weigand I, Flitsch J, Graf E, Monoranu CM, Saeger W, Hagel C, Honegger J, Assie G, Hermus AR, Stalla GK, Herterich S, Ronchi CL, Deutschbein T, Reincke M, Strom TM, Popov N, Theodoropoulou M, Fassnacht M. Driver mutations in USP8 wild-type Cushing's disease. Neuro Oncol 2019; 21:1273-1283. [PMID: 31222332 PMCID: PMC6784271 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical treatment in Cushing's disease (CD) is limited due to poor understanding of its pathogenesis. Pathogenic variants of ubiquitin specific peptidase 8 (USP8) have been confirmed as causative in around half of corticotroph tumors. We aimed to further characterize the molecular landscape of those CD tumors lacking USP8 mutations in a large cohort of patients. METHODS Exome sequencing was performed on 18 paired tumor-blood samples with wild-type USP8 status. Candidate gene variants were screened by Sanger sequencing in 175 additional samples. The most frequent variant was characterized by further functional in vitro assays. RESULTS Recurrent somatic hotspot mutations in another deubiquitinase, USP48, were found in 10.3% of analyzed samples. Several possibly damaging variants were found in TP53 in 6 of 18 samples. USP48 variants were associated with smaller tumors and trended toward higher frequency in female patients. They also changed the structural conformation of USP48 and increased its catalytic activity toward its physiological substrates histone 2A and zinc finger protein Gli1, as well as enhanced the stimulatory effect of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) on pro-opiomelanocortin production and adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion. CONCLUSIONS USP48 pathogenic variants are relatively frequent in USP8 wild-type tumors and enhance CRH-induced hormone production in a manner coherent with sonic hedgehog activation. In addition, TP53 pathogenic variants may be more frequent in larger CD tumors than previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silviu Sbiera
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Luis Gustavo Perez-Rivas
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
| | - Lyudmyla Taranets
- Department of Clinical Tumor Biology, University Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Isabel Weigand
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Flitsch
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Graf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Camelia-Maria Monoranu
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Saeger
- Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Hagel
- Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Honegger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Guillaume Assie
- Inserm Unit 1016, National Center for Scientific Research Joint Research Unit, Cochin Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Ad R Hermus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Günter K Stalla
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
- Medicover Neuroendocrinology, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Timo Deutschbein
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Reincke
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tim M Strom
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikita Popov
- Department of Clinical Tumor Biology, University Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marily Theodoropoulou
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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12
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Sun N, Kunzke T, Sbiera S, Kircher S, Feuchtinger A, Aichler M, Herterich S, Ronchi CL, Weigand I, Schlegel N, Waldmann J, Candida Villares Fragoso M, Whitsett TG, Gill AJ, Fassnacht M, Walch A, Kroiss M. Prognostic Relevance of Steroid Sulfation in Adrenocortical Carcinoma Revealed by Molecular Phenotyping Using High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Clin Chem 2019; 65:1276-1286. [PMID: 31492715 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2019.306043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor with variable prognosis even within the same tumor stage. Cancer-related sex hormones and their sulfated metabolites in body fluids can be used as tumor markers. The role of steroid sulfation in ACC has not yet been studied. MALDI mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is a novel tool for tissue-based chemical phenotyping. METHODS We performed phenotyping of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 72 ACC by MALDI-MSI at a metabolomics level. RESULTS Tumoral steroid hormone metabolites-estradiol sulfate [hazard ratio (HR) 0.26; 95% CI, 0.10-0.69; P = 0.005] and estrone 3-sulfate (HR 0.22; 95% CI, 0.07-0.63; P = 0.003)-were significantly associated with prognosis in Kaplan-Meier analyses and after multivariable adjustment for age, tumor stage, and sex (HR 0.29; 95% CI, 0.11-0.79; P = 0.015 and HR 0.30; 95% CI, 0.10-0.91; P = 0.033, respectively). Expression of sulfotransferase SULT2A1 was associated with prognosis to a similar extent and was validated to be a prognostic factor in two published data sets. We discovered the presence of estradiol-17β 3,17-disulfate (E2S2) in a subset of tumors with particularly poor overall survival. Electron microscopy revealed novel membrane-delimited organelles in only these tumors. By applying cluster analyses of metabolomic data, 3 sulfation-related phenotypes exhibited specific metabolic features unrelated to steroid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS MALDI-MSI provides novel insights into the pathophysiology of ACC. Steroid hormone sulfation may be used for prognostication and treatment stratification. Sulfation-related metabolic reprogramming may be of relevance also in conditions beyond the rare ACC and can be directly investigated by the use of MALDI-MSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Sun
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Thomas Kunzke
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Silviu Sbiera
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kircher
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Aichler
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Isabel Weigand
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Schlegel
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular, and Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Anthony J Gill
- Royal North Shore Hospital and The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Axel Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kroiss
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; .,Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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13
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Weigand I, Knobloch L, Flitsch J, Saeger W, Monoranu CM, Höfner K, Herterich S, Rotermund R, Ronchi CL, Buchfelder M, Glatzel M, Hagel C, Fassnacht M, Deutschbein T, Sbiera S. Impact of USP8 Gene Mutations on Protein Deregulation in Cushing Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:2535-2546. [PMID: 30844069 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-02564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cushing disease (CD) is a rare disorder with severe sequels and incompletely understood pathogenesis. The underlying corticotroph adenomas harbor frequently somatic mutations in the ubiquitin-specific peptidase 8 (USP8) gene. These mutations render USP8 hyperactive and prevent client proteins from degradation. OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of USP8 mutations on proteins deregulated in CD. DESIGN One hundred eight pituitary adenomas (75 corticotroph [58 USP8 wild type (WT) and 17 USP8 mutated], 14 somatotroph, and 19 nonfunctioning) were investigated by immunohistochemistry. All evaluated proteins [USP8, arginine vasopressin receptor 1b and 2, corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), p27/kip1, cyclin E, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), orphan nuclear receptor 4, epidermal growth factor receptor, histone deacetylase 2, glucocorticoid receptor, cyclin-dependent kinase 5 and Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 enzyme substrate 1] were known to be deregulated in CD. Furthermore, AtT20 cells were transfected with USP8 to investigate the expression of possible downstream proteins by immunoblot. RESULTS Whereas most of the investigated proteins were not differentially expressed, the cell-cycle inhibitor p27 was significantly reduced in USP8 mutated corticotroph adenoma (H-score 2.0 ± 1.0 vs 1.1 ± 1.1 in WT adenomas; P = 0.004). In contrast, the chaperone HSP90 was expressed higher (0.5 ± 0.4 vs 0.2 ± 0.4; P = 0.29), and the phosphorylation of the transcription factor CREB was increased in USP8 mutated adenomas (1.30.5 ± 0.40.9 vs 0.70.5 ± 0.40.7; P = 0.014). Accordingly, AtT20 cells transfected with the USP8 P720R mutant had higher phosphorylated CREB (pCREB) levels than WT transfected cells (1.3 ± 0.14 vs 1 ± 0.23; P = 0.13). CONCLUSIONS We could demonstrate that USP8 mutations are associated with deregulation of p27/kip1, HSP90, and pCREB. These findings suggest that these proteins are direct or indirect clients of USP8 and could therefore be potential targets for therapeutic approaches in patients with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Weigand
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Lisanne Knobloch
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Flitsch
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Saeger
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Camelia M Monoranu
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Höfner
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Roman Rotermund
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Buchfelder
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Hagel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Timo Deutschbein
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Silviu Sbiera
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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14
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Arshad U, Taubert M, Kurlbaum M, Frechen S, Herterich S, Megerle F, Hamacher S, Fassnacht M, Fuhr U, Kroiss M. Enzyme autoinduction by mitotane supported by population pharmacokinetic modelling in a large cohort of adrenocortical carcinoma patients. Eur J Endocrinol 2018; 179:287-297. [PMID: 30087117 DOI: 10.1530/eje-18-0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mitotane is used for the treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma. High oral daily doses of typically 1- 6 g are required to attain therapeutic concentrations. The drug has a narrow therapeutic index and patient management is difficult because of a high volume of distribution, very long elimination half-life, and drug interaction through induction of metabolizing enzymes. The present evaluation aimed at the development of a population pharmacokinetic model of mitotane to facilitate therapeutic drug monitoring. METHODS Appropriate dosing information, plasma concentrations (1137 data points) and covariates were available from therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of 76 adrenocortical carcinoma patients treated with mitotane. Using nonlinear mixed effects modeling, a simple structural model was first developed, with subsequent introduction of metabolic autoinduction. Covariate data were analyzed to improve overall model predictability. Simulations were performed to assess the attainment of therapeutic concentrations with clinical dosing schedules. RESULTS A one-compartment pharmacokinetic model with first order absorption was found suitable to describe the data, with an estimated central volume of distribution of 6086 L related to a high interindividual variability of 81.5%. Increase in clearance of mitotane during treatment could be modeled by a linear enzyme autoinduction process. Body mass index was found to have an influence upon disposition kinetics of mitotane. Model simulations favor a high dose regimen to rapidly attain therapeutic concentrations, with the first TDM suggested on day 16 of treatment to avoid systemic toxicity. CONCLUSION The proposed model describes mitotane pharmacokinetics and can be used to facilitate therapy by predicting plasma concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Arshad
- Department I of Pharmacology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M Taubert
- Department I of Pharmacology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M Kurlbaum
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - S Frechen
- Department I of Pharmacology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - S Herterich
- Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - F Megerle
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - S Hamacher
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M Fassnacht
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - U Fuhr
- Department I of Pharmacology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M Kroiss
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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15
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Rossow L, Veitl S, Vorlová S, Wax JK, Kuhn AE, Maltzahn V, Upcin B, Karl F, Hoffmann H, Gätzner S, Kallius M, Nandigama R, Scheld D, Irmak S, Herterich S, Zernecke A, Ergün S, Henke E. LOX-catalyzed collagen stabilization is a proximal cause for intrinsic resistance to chemotherapy. Oncogene 2018; 37:4921-4940. [PMID: 29780168 PMCID: PMC6127085 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The potential of altering the tumor ECM to improve drug response remains fairly unexplored. To identify targets for modification of the ECM aiming to improve drug response and overcome resistance, we analyzed expression data sets from pre-treatment patient cohorts. Cross-evaluation identified a subset of chemoresistant tumors characterized by increased expression of collagens and collagen-stabilizing enzymes. We demonstrate that strong collagen expression and stabilization sets off a vicious circle of self-propagating hypoxia, malignant signaling, and aberrant angiogenesis that can be broken by an appropriate auxiliary intervention: Interfering with collagen stabilization by inhibition of lysyl oxidases significantly enhanced response to chemotherapy in various tumor models, even in metastatic disease. Inhibition of collagen stabilization by itself can reduce or enhance tumor growth depending on the tumor type. The mechanistical basis for this behavior is the dependence of the individual tumor on nutritional supply on one hand and on high tissue stiffness for FAK signaling on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Rossow
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Simona Veitl
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Vorlová
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jacqueline K Wax
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anja E Kuhn
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Verena Maltzahn
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Berin Upcin
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.,School of Health Sciences, Bilgi University, 34440, Beyoğlu İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Franziska Karl
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Helene Hoffmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Gätzner
- Institute of Tissue Engineering, Universität Würzburg, Roentgenring 11, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kallius
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.,Graduate School of Life Science, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rajender Nandigama
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Scheld
- Zentrallabor, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ster Irmak
- School of Health Sciences, Bilgi University, 34440, Beyoğlu İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Zentrallabor, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alma Zernecke
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Erik Henke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany. .,Graduate School of Life Science, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany.
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16
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Reuther C, Heinzle V, Nölting S, Herterich S, Hahner S, Halilovic E, Jeay S, Wuerthner JU, Aristizabal Prada ET, Spöttl G, Maurer J, Auernhammer CJ. The HDM2 (MDM2) Inhibitor NVP-CGM097 Inhibits Tumor Cell Proliferation and Shows Additive Effects with 5-Fluorouracil on the p53-p21-Rb-E2F1 Cascade in the p53wild type Neuroendocrine Tumor Cell Line GOT1. Neuroendocrinology 2018; 106:1-19. [PMID: 27871087 DOI: 10.1159/000453369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The tumor suppressor p53 is depleted in many tumor cells by the E3 ubiquitin ligase mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) through MDM2/p53 interaction. A novel target for inhibiting p53 degradation and for causing reexpression of p53wild type is inhibition of MDM2. The small molecule NVP-CGM097 is a novel MDM2 inhibitor. We investigated MDM2 inhibition as a target in neuroendocrine tumor cells in vitro. METHODS Human neuroendocrine tumor cell lines from the pancreas (BON1), lung (NCI-H727), and midgut (GOT1) were incubated with the MDM2 inhibitor NVP-CGM097 (Novartis) at concentrations from 4 to 2,500 nM. RESULTS While p53wild type GOT1 cells were sensitive to NVP-CGM097, p53mutated BON1 and p53mutated NCI-H727 cells were resistant to NVP-CGM097. Incubation of GOT1 cells with NVP-CGM097 at 100, 500, and 2,500 nM for 96 h caused a significant decline in cell viability to 84.9 ± 9.2% (p < 0.05), 77.4 ± 6.6% (p < 0.01), and 47.7 ± 9.2% (p < 0.01). In a Western blot analysis of GOT1 cells, NVP-CGM097 caused a dose-dependent increase in the expression of p53 and p21 tumor suppressor proteins and a decrease in phospho-Rb and E2F1. Experiments of co-incubation of NVP-CGM097 with 5-fluorouracil, temozolomide, or everolimus each showed additive antiproliferative effects in GOT1 cells. NVP-CGM097 and 5-fluorouracil increased p53 and p21 expression in an additive manner. CONCLUSIONS MDM2 inhibition seems a promising novel therapeutic target in neuroendocrine tumors harboring p53wild type. Further investigations should examine the potential role of MDM2 inhibitors in neuroendocrine tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Reuther
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Campus Grosshadern, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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17
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Dittrich M, Birschmann I, Pfrang J, Herterich S, Smolenski A, Walter U, Dandekar T. Analysis of SAGE data in human platelets: Features of the transcriptome in an anucleate cell. Thromb Haemost 2017. [DOI: 10.1160/th05-11-0764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryA comprehensive SAGE (serial analysis of gene expression) library of purified human platelets was established. Twenty-five thousand (25,000) tags were sequenced, and after removal of mitochondrial tags, 12,609 (51%) non-mitochondrial-derived tags remained, corresponding to 2,300 different transcripts with expression levels of up to 30,000 tags per million. This new, highly purified SAGE library of platelets is enriched in specific transcripts.The complexity in terms of tag distribution is similar to cells that are still able to replenish their mRNA pool by transcription.We show that our SAGE data are consistent with recently published microarray data but show further details of the platelet transcriptome, including (i) longer UTR regions and more stable folding in the enriched mRNAs, (ii) biologically interesting new candidate mRNAs that show regulatory elements, including elements for RNA stabilization or for translational control, and (iii) significant enrichment of specific, highly transcribed mRNAs compared to a battery of SAGE libraries from other tissues. Among several regulatory mRNA elements known to be involved in mRNA localization and translational control, CPE elements are in particular enriched in the platelet transcriptome. mRNAs previously reported to be translationally regulated were found to be present in the library and were validated by real-time PCR. Furthermore, specific molecular functions such as signal transduction activity were found to be significantly enriched in the platelet transcriptome.These findings emphasize the richness and diversity of the platelet transcriptome.
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18
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Ronchi CL, Peverelli E, Herterich S, Weigand I, Mantovani G, Schwarzmayr T, Sbiera S, Allolio B, Honegger J, Appenzeller S, Lania AG, Reincke M, Calebiro D, Spada A, Buchfelder M, Flitsch J, Strom TM, Fassnacht M. Landscape of somatic mutations in sporadic GH-secreting pituitary adenomas. Eur J Endocrinol 2016; 174:363-72. [PMID: 26701869 DOI: 10.1530/eje-15-1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Alterations in the cAMP signaling pathway are common in hormonally active endocrine tumors. Somatic mutations at GNAS are causative in 30-40% of GH-secreting adenomas. Recently, mutations affecting the USP8 and PRKACA gene have been reported in ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas and cortisol-secreting adrenocortical adenomas respectively. However, the pathogenesis of many GH-secreting adenomas remains unclear. AIM Comprehensive genetic characterization of sporadic GH-secreting adenomas and identification of new driver mutations. DESIGN Screening for somatic mutations was performed in 67 GH-secreting adenomas by targeted sequencing for GNAS, PRKACA, and USP8 mutations (n=31) and next-generation exome sequencing (n=36). RESULTS By targeted sequencing, known activating mutations in GNAS were detected in five cases (16.1%), while no somatic mutations were observed in both PRKACA and USP8. Whole-exome sequencing identified 132 protein-altering somatic mutations in 31/36 tumors with a median of three mutations per sample (range: 1-13). The only recurrent mutations have been observed in GNAS (31.4% of cases). However, seven genes involved in cAMP signaling pathway were affected in 14 of 36 samples and eight samples harbored variants in genes involved in the calcium signaling or metabolism. At the enrichment analysis, several altered genes resulted to be associated with developmental processes. No significant correlation between genetic alterations and the clinical data was observed. CONCLUSION This study provides a comprehensive analysis of somatic mutations in a large series of GH-secreting adenomas. No novel recurrent genetic alterations have been observed, but the data suggest that beside cAMP pathway, calcium signaling might be involved in the pathogenesis of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina L Ronchi
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Erika Peverelli
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabel Weigand
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Giovanna Mantovani
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Schwarzmayr
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Silviu Sbiera
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Bruno Allolio
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Honegger
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Silke Appenzeller
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, W
| | - Andrea G Lania
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Reincke
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Davide Calebiro
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Spada
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Buchfelder
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Joerg Flitsch
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Tim M Strom
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, W
| | - Martin Fassnacht
- Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of NeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyNeurosurgeryUniversity Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany Department of Internal Medicine IEndocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacherstrasse 6, 97080 Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCentral LaboratoryUniversity Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyInstitute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, GermanyComprehensive Cancer Center MainfrankenUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyMedizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IVLudwig-Maximilians University, Munich, GermanyCore Unit Systems MedicineUniversity of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyEndocrinology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas Research Hospital, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, ItalyInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Bioimaging CenterUniversity of Wuerzburg, W
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19
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Weber H, Kittel-Schneider S, Heupel J, Weißflog L, Kent L, Freudenberg F, Alttoa A, Post A, Herterich S, Haavik J, Halmøy A, Fasmer OB, Landaas ET, Johansson S, Cormand B, Ribasés M, Sánchez-Mora C, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Franke B, Lesch KP, Reif A. On the role of NOS1 ex1f-VNTR in ADHD-allelic, subgroup, and meta-analysis. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2015; 168:445-458. [PMID: 26086921 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heritable neurodevelopmental disorder featuring complex genetics with common and rare variants contributing to disease risk. In a high proportion of cases, ADHD does not remit during adolescence but persists into adulthood. Several studies suggest that NOS1, encoding nitric oxide synthase I, producing the gaseous neurotransmitter NO, is a candidate gene for (adult) ADHD. We here extended our analysis by increasing the original sample, adding two further samples from Norway and Spain, and conducted subgroup and co-morbidity analysis. Our previous finding held true in the extended sample, and also meta-analysis demonstrated an association of NOS1 ex1f-VNTR short alleles with adult ADHD (aADHD). Association was restricted to females, as was the case in the discovery sample. Subgroup analysis on the single allele level suggested that the 21-repeat allele caused the association. Regarding subgroups, we found that NOS1 was associated with the hyperactive/impulsive ADHD subtype, but not to pure inattention. In terms of comorbidity, major depression, anxiety disorders, cluster C personality disorders and migraine were associated with short repeats, in particular the 21-repeat allele. Also, short allele carriers had significantly lower IQ. Finally, we again demonstrated an influence of the repeat on gene expression in human post-mortem brain samples. These data validate the role of NOS-I in hyperactive/impulsive phenotypes and call for further studies into the neurobiological underpinnings of this association. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Weber
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Microarray Core Unit, IZKF Würzburg, University Hospital of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Kittel-Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julia Heupel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lena Weißflog
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lindsey Kent
- School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK
| | - Florian Freudenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Aet Alttoa
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Post
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Haavik
- Department of Biomedicine, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Norway.,Department of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne Halmøy
- Department of Biomedicine, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Norway.,Department of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ole B Fasmer
- Department of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Section for Psychiatry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elisabeth T Landaas
- Department of Biomedicine, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Stefan Johansson
- Department of Biomedicine, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Bru Cormand
- Departament of Genetics, Universiy of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Marta Ribasés
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.,Psychiatric Genetics Unit, University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Mora
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.,Psychiatric Genetics Unit, University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Salud Carlos III, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Klaus-Peter Lesch
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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20
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Hubertus K, Mischnik M, Timmer J, Herterich S, Mark R, Moulard M, Walter U, Geiger J. Reciprocal regulation of human platelet function by endogenous prostanoids and through multiple prostanoid receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 740:15-27. [PMID: 25003953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Platelets are permanently exposed to a variety of prostanoids formed by blood cells or the vessel wall. The two major prostanoids, prostacyclin and thromboxane act through well established pathways mediated by their respective G-protein coupled receptors inhibiting or promoting platelet aggregation accordingly. Yet the role of other prostanoids and prostanoid receptors for platelet function regulation has not been thoroughly investigated. We aimed at a comprehensive analysis of prostanoid effects on platelets, the receptors and pathways involved and functional consequences. We analyzed cAMP formation and phosphorylation of proteins pivotal to platelet function as well as functional platelet responses such as secretion, aggregation and phosphorylation. The types of prostanoid receptors contributing and their individual share in signaling pathways were analyzed and indicated a major role for prostanoid IP1 and DP1 receptors followed by prostanoid EP4 and EP3 receptors while prostanoid EP2 receptors appear less relevant. We could show for the first time the reciprocal action of the endogenous prostaglandin PGE2 on platelets by functional responses and phosphorylation events. PGE2 evokes stimulatory as well as inhibitory effects in a concentration dependent manner in platelets via prostanoid EP3 or EP4 and prostanoid DP1 receptors. A mathematical model integrating the pathway components was established which successfully reproduces the observed platelet responses. Additionally we could show that human platelets themselves produce sufficient PGE2 to act in an autocrine or paracrine fashion. These mechanisms may provide a fine tuning of platelet responses in the circulating blood by either promoting or limiting endogenous platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hubertus
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Mischnik
- Institut für Physik, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jens Timmer
- Institut für Physik, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Regina Mark
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Walter
- Center for Thrombosis & Haemostasis, Universitätsklinikum der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joerg Geiger
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany; Interdisciplinary Bank of Biomaterials and Data Wuerzburg, Straubmuehlweg 2a, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany.
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21
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Weber H, Klamer D, Freudenberg F, Kittel-Schneider S, Rivero O, Scholz CJ, Volkert J, Kopf J, Heupel J, Herterich S, Adolfsson R, Alttoa A, Post A, Grußendorf H, Kramer A, Gessner A, Schmidt B, Hempel S, Jacob CP, Sanjuán J, Moltó MD, Lesch KP, Freitag CM, Kent L, Reif A. The genetic contribution of the NO system at the glutamatergic post-synapse to schizophrenia: further evidence and meta-analysis. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2014; 24:65-85. [PMID: 24220657 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
NO is a pleiotropic signaling molecule and has an important role in cognition and emotion. In the brain, NO is produced by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS-I, encoded by NOS1) coupled to the NMDA receptor via PDZ interactions; this protein-protein interaction is disrupted upon binding of NOS1 adapter protein (encoded by NOS1AP) to NOS-I. As both NOS1 and NOS1AP were associated with schizophrenia, we here investigated these genes in greater detail by genotyping new samples and conducting a meta-analysis of our own and published data. In doing so, we confirmed association of both genes with schizophrenia and found evidence for their interaction in increasing risk towards disease. Our strongest finding was the NOS1 promoter SNP rs41279104, yielding an odds ratio of 1.29 in the meta-analysis. As findings from heterologous cell systems have suggested that the risk allele decreases gene expression, we studied the effect of the variant on NOS1 expression in human post-mortem brain samples and found that the risk allele significantly decreases expression of NOS1 in the prefrontal cortex. Bioinformatic analyses suggest that this might be due the replacement of six transcription factor binding sites by two new binding sites as a consequence of proxy SNPs. Taken together, our data argue that genetic variance in NOS1 resulting in lower prefrontal brain expression of this gene contributes to schizophrenia liability, and that NOS1 interacts with NOS1AP in doing so. The NOS1-NOS1AP PDZ interface may thus well constitute a novel target for small molecules in at least some forms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Weber
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany; Microarray Core Unit, IZKF Würzburg, University Hospital of Würzburg, Germany
| | - D Klamer
- Department of Pharmacology, The Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - F Freudenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - S Kittel-Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - O Rivero
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany; CIBERSAM, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - C-J Scholz
- Microarray Core Unit, IZKF Würzburg, University Hospital of Würzburg, Germany
| | - J Volkert
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - J Kopf
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - J Heupel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - S Herterich
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - R Adolfsson
- Department of Clinivcal Sciences, Psychiatry, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - A Alttoa
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - A Post
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - H Grußendorf
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - A Kramer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - A Gessner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - B Schmidt
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - S Hempel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - C P Jacob
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - J Sanjuán
- CIBERSAM, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - M D Moltó
- CIBERSAM, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - K-P Lesch
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - C M Freitag
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University of Frankfurt, Germany
| | - L Kent
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, Scotland, UK
| | - A Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Germany.
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22
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Gambaryan S, Subramanian H, Rukoyatkina N, Herterich S, Walter U. Soluble guanylyl cyclase is the only enzyme responsible for cyclic guanosine monophosphate synthesis in human platelets. Thromb Haemost 2013; 109:973-5. [PMID: 23467662 DOI: 10.1160/th12-12-0916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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23
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Nikolaeva S, Bachteeva V, Fock E, Herterich S, Lavrova E, Borodkina A, Gambaryan S, Parnova R. Frog urinary bladder epithelial cells express TLR4 and respond to bacterial LPS by increase of iNOS expression andl-arginine uptake. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2012; 303:R1042-52. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00045.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
As in mammals, epithelium of the amphibian urinary bladder forms a barrier to pathogen entry and is a first line of defense against penetrating microorganisms. We investigated the effect of Escherichia coli LPS on generation of nitric oxide (NO), a critically important mediator during infectious processes, by primary cultured frog ( Rana temporaria) urinary bladder epithelial cells (FUBEC). It was found that FUBEC constitutively express Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a receptor of LPS, and respond to LPS (10 μg/ml) by stimulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA/protein expression and NOS activity measured by nitrite produced in the culture medium and by citrulline assay. We characterized uptake of l-arginine, a precursor in NO synthesis, by FUBEC and showed that it is mediated mainly by the y+ cationic amino acid transport system. LPS stimulated l-arginine uptake, and this effect was blocked by the iNOS inhibitor 1400W. Arginase II was found to be expressed in FUBEC. Inhibition of arginase activity by (S)-(boronoethyl)-l-cysteine increased generation of NO, suggesting contribution of arginase to NO production via competing with NOS for the substrate. LPS altered neither total arginase activity nor arginase II expression. Among epithelial cells, phagocytic macrophage-like cells were observed, but they did not contribute to LPS-induced NO production. These data demonstrate that amphibian urinary bladder epithelial cells recognize LPS and respond to it by increased generation of NO via stimulation of iNOS expression and l-arginine uptake, which appears to be essential for the regulation of the innate immune response and the inflammation in bladder epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Nikolaeva
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; and
| | - Vera Bachteeva
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; and
| | - Ekaterina Fock
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; and
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Elena Lavrova
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; and
| | - Alexandra Borodkina
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; and
| | - Stepan Gambaryan
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; and
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Rimma Parnova
- I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; and
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Bode C, Walter U, Tiede A, Herterich S. [The Genetic Diagnostics Act. Instead of excitement and panic, rather a sensible strategy]. Hamostaseologie 2012; 32:91-93. [PMID: 22696771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
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Bode C, Walter U, Tiede A, Herterich S. Das Gendiagnostikgesetz. Hamostaseologie 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1619763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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26
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Cirulli F, Reif A, Herterich S, Lesch KP, Berry A, Francia N, Aloe L, Barr CS, Suomi SJ, Alleva E. A novel BDNF polymorphism affects plasma protein levels in interaction with early adversity in rhesus macaques. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2011; 36:372-9. [PMID: 21145664 PMCID: PMC3046296 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Revised: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Early stressful events can increase vulnerability for psychopathology, although knowledge on the effectors is still limited. In this report we describe the characterization of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in rhesus macaques, which results in a Val to Met transition in the pro-BDNF domain, similar to a well described variant in the human gene. Further, we tested the hypothesis that peripheral levels of BDNF, which is involved in the response to stress and in the pathophysiology of anxiety and depression, might be differentially affected in a non-human primate model of early adverse rearing in a genotype-dependent manner. Males and females rhesus macaques reared either with their mothers (MR), in peer-only groups (PR), or in a "surrogate/peer-reared" (SPR) condition with limited peer interactions, were used as experimental subjects. BDNF levels were determined at baseline on postnatal days (PND) 14, 30 and 60 by means of specific ELISA procedure. Data indicate that BDNF levels were increased as a result of peer-rearing and that this increase was moderated by the presence of the SNP. Overall these data indicate that a SNP, which results in a Val to Met transition in the pro-BDNF domain, is present in rhesus macaques and is able to affect BDNF peripheral levels, thus making this primate model a fundamental tool to study gene by environment interactions involving the BDNF gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cirulli
- Section of Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
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Reif A, Kiive E, Kurrikoff T, Paaver M, Herterich S, Konstabel K, Tulviste T, Lesch KP, Harro J. A functional NOS1 promoter polymorphism interacts with adverse environment on functional and dysfunctional impulsivity. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2011; 214:239-48. [PMID: 20589495 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-010-1915-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) knockout results in increased impulsive aggression in mice under adverse housing conditions. In line with this, we have previously shown that a functional promoter polymorphism of NOS1, termed NOS1 ex1f-VNTR, is associated with impulsivity-related traits and related disorders. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine whether adverse environment interacts with the risk allele on impulsivity-related measures. METHODS We here studied a population-based cohort of Estonian pupils, recruited at the age of 9 years and followed up for another 9 years. For 435 subjects, measures on impulsivity (Adaptive and Maladaptive Impulsivity Scale, BIS-11, Stop Signal data, and Visual Comparison Test, VCT), environmental conditions (stressful life events and family environment), and NOS1 ex1f-VNTR genotype were available. RESULTS We found a genotype main effect in that presence of a short NOS1 ex1f-VNTR allele was associated with higher levels of adaptive impulsivity, especially in males, but also worse performance in the VCT and the Stop Signal test. Both stressful life events as well as adverse family environment interacted with the risk genotype to increase maladaptive impulsivity. CONCLUSIONS This study provides further evidence that short alleles of NOS1 ex1f-VNTR go along with impulsive behavior. In the absence of adverse environmental conditions, this may lead to a beneficial effect as functional forms of impulsivity are affected. This however is reversed under negative conditions, as dysfunctional impulsivity is increased under these circumstances. This data provides evidence that NOS1 ex1f-VNTR is subject to balancing selection potentially explaining persistence of the risk allele in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Füchsleinstr. 15, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
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Reif A, Grünblatt E, Herterich S, Wichart I, Rainer MK, Jungwirth S, Danielczyk W, Deckert J, Tragl KH, Riederer P, Fischer P. Association of a Functional NOS1 Promoter Repeat with Alzheimer's Disease in the VITA Cohort. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 23:327-33. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-2010-101491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Edna Grünblatt
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Herterich
- Central Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Michael K. Rainer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Society, L. Boltzmann Institute of Aging Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Jungwirth
- Ludwig Boltzmann Society, L. Boltzmann Institute of Aging Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Danielczyk
- Ludwig Boltzmann Society, L. Boltzmann Institute of Aging Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Tragl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Society, L. Boltzmann Institute of Aging Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Riederer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter Fischer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Society, L. Boltzmann Institute of Aging Research, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Melcher R, Hartmann E, Zopf W, Herterich S, Wilke P, Müller L, Rosler E, Kudlich T, Al-Taie O, Rosenwald A, Katzenberger T, Scholtka B, Seibold S, Rogoll D, Scheppach W, Scheurlen M, Lührs H. LOH and copy neutral LOH (cnLOH) act as alternative mechanism in sporadic colorectal cancers with chromosomal and microsatellite instability. Carcinogenesis 2011; 32:636-42. [PMID: 21297112 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgr011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Tumor suppressor genes are often located in frequently deleted chromosomal regions of colorectal cancers (CRCs). In contrast to microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors, only few loss of heterozygosity (LOH) studies were performed in microsatellite instable (MSI) tumors, because MSI carcinomas are generally considered to be chromosomally stable and classical LOH studies are not feasible due to MSI. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array technique enables LOH studies also in MSI CRC. The aim of our study was to analyse tissue from MSI and MSS CRC for the existence of (frequently) deleted chromosomal regions and tumor suppressor genes located therein. METHODS AND RESULTS We analyzed tissues from 32 sporadic CRCs and their corresponding normal mucosa (16 MSS and 16 MSI tumors) by means of 50K SNP array analysis. MSS tumors displayed chromosomal instability that resulted in multiple deleted (LOH) and amplified regions and led to the identification of MTUS1 (8p22) as a candidate tumor suppressor gene in this region. Although the MSI tumors were chromosomally stable, we found several copy neutral LOHs (cnLOH) in the MSI tumors; these appear to be instrumental in the inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene hMLH1 and a gene located in chromosomal region 6pter-p22. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that in addition to classical LOH, cnLOH is an important mutational event in relation to the carcinogenesis of MSS and MSI tumors, causing the inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene without copy number alteration of the respective region; this is crucial for the development of MSI tumors and for some chromosomal regions in MSS tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Melcher
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Strasse 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
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Laas K, Reif A, Herterich S, Eensoo D, Lesch KP, Harro J. The effect of a functional NOS1 promoter polymorphism on impulsivity is moderated by platelet MAO activity. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2010; 209:255-61. [PMID: 20186396 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-010-1793-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity is associated with impulsivity in clinical samples. Recently, a functional promoter polymorphism of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) termed NOS1 ex1f-VNTR was found to have an effect on impulsivity-related traits and resulting psychopathology. OBJECTIVE The study aims to explore the effect of both platelet MAO activity and NOS1 ex1f-VNTR genotype on impulsivity in a population-derived sample. METHODS This study was on a non-clinical sample of adult male subjects, previously used to investigate the effect of platelet MAO activity on impulsivity-related behaviour (Paaver et al., Psychopharmacology 186:32-40, 2006). Six hundred thirty-seven male subjects were genotyped for the NOS1 ex1f-VNTR promoter polymorphism. Impulsivity was self-reported. Effects of age and smoking, known to affect platelet MAO activity, were controlled for. RESULTS No main effect of either NOS1 genotype or platelet MAO activity was present. However, significant interactions were found between effects of the NOS1 genotype and platelet MAO activity on impulsivity measures. Impulsivity and in particular the aspects of adaptive impulsivity (e.g. fast decision-making and excitement-seeking behaviour) were higher in subjects with the NOS1 ex1f-VNTR short/short genotype if they belonged to the platelet MAO medium activity (interquartile) range. CONCLUSIONS This study supports evidence for higher impulsivity in the NOS1 short/short genotype subjects and further suggests that this is present in the subset of subjects who have close to average platelet MAO activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kariina Laas
- Department of Psychology, Estonian Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences, University of Tartu, Tiigi 78, 50410, Tartu, Estonia
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Gambaryan S, Kobsar A, Rukoyatkina N, Herterich S, Geiger J, Smolenski A, Lohmann SM, Walter U. Thrombin and collagen induce a feedback inhibitory signaling pathway in platelets involving dissociation of the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A from an NFkappaB-IkappaB complex. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:18352-63. [PMID: 20356841 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.077602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase A (PKA) activation by cAMP phosphorylates multiple target proteins in numerous platelet inhibitory pathways that have a very important role in maintaining circulating platelets in a resting state. Here we show that in thrombin- and collagen-stimulated platelets, PKA is activated by cAMP-independent mechanisms involving dissociation of the catalytic subunit of PKA (PKAc) from an NFkappaB-IkappaBalpha-PKAc complex. We demonstrate mRNA and protein expression for most of the NFkappaB family members in platelets. From resting platelets, PKAc was co-immunoprecipitated with IkappaBalpha, and conversely, IkappaBalpha was also co-immunoprecipitated with PKAc. This interaction was significantly reduced in thrombin- and collagen-stimulated platelets. Stimulation of platelets with thrombin- or collagen-activated IKK, at least partly by PI3 kinase-dependent pathways, leading to phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha, disruption of an IkappaBalpha-PKAc complex, and release of free, active PKAc, which phosphorylated VASP and other PKA substrates. IKK inhibitor inhibited thrombin-stimulated IkBalpha phosphorylation, PKA-IkBalpha dissociation, and VASP phosphorylation, and potentiated integrin alphaIIbbeta3 activation and the early phase of platelet aggregation. We conclude that thrombin and collagen not only cause platelet activation but also appear to fine-tune this response by initiating downstream NFkappaB-dependent PKAc activation, as a novel feedback inhibitory signaling mechanism for preventing undesired platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan Gambaryan
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Grombühlstrasse 12, D-97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
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Reif A, Jacob CP, Rujescu D, Herterich S, Lang S, Gutknecht L, Baehne CG, Strobel A, Freitag CM, Giegling I, Romanos M, Hartmann A, Rösler M, Renner TJ, Fallgatter AJ, Retz W, Ehlis AC, Lesch KP. Influence of Functional Variant of Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase on Impulsive Behaviors in Humans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 66:41-50. [DOI: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2008.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Melcher R, Herterich S, Katzenberger T, Kunstmann E, Al-Taie O. Interdisziplinäre Studiengruppe „Hereditäre gastrointestinale Tumore“ Würzburg/Aschaffenburg. Z Gastroenterol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1096451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Reif A, Ehlis AC, Bähne C, Schecklmann M, Jacob C, Herterich S, Lesch KP, Fallgatter A. A neuronal NO synthase promoter polymorphism modifies ACC functioning in healthy controls and schizophrenia. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1072837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Neveling K, Kalb R, Florl AR, Herterich S, Friedl R, Hoehn H, Hader C, Hartmann FH, Nanda I, Steinlein C, Schmid M, Tonnies H, Hurst CD, Knowles MA, Hanenberg H, Schulz WA, Schindler D. Disruption of the FA/BRCA pathway in bladder cancer. Cytogenet Genome Res 2007; 118:166-76. [PMID: 18000367 DOI: 10.1159/000108297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2007] [Accepted: 02/23/2007] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder carcinomas frequently show extensive deletions of chromosomes 9p and/or 9q, potentially including the loci of the Fanconi anemia (FA) genes FANCC and FANCG. FA is a rare recessive disease due to defects in anyone of 13 FANC genes manifesting with genetic instability and increased risk of neoplasia. FA cells are hypersensitive towards DNA crosslinking agents such as mitomycin C and cisplatin that are commonly employed in the chemotherapy of bladder cancers. These observations suggest the possibility of disruption of the FA/BRCA DNA repair pathway in bladder tumors. However, mutations in FANCC or FANCG could not be detected in any of 23 bladder carcinoma cell lines and ten surgical tumor specimens by LOH analysis or by FANCD2 immunoblotting assessing proficiency of the pathway. Only a single cell line, BFTC909, proved defective for FANCD2 monoubiquitination and was highly sensitive towards mitomycin C. This increased sensitivity was restored specifically by transfer of the FANCF gene. Sequencing of FANCF in BFTC909 failed to identify mutations, but methylation of cytosine residues in the FANCF promoter region was demonstrated by methylation-specific PCR, HpaII restriction and bisulfite DNA sequencing. Methylation-specific PCR uncovered only a single instance of FANCF promoter hypermethylation in surgical specimens of further 41 bladder carcinomas. These low proportions suggest that in contrast to other types of tumors silencing of FANCF is a rare event in bladder cancer and that an intact FA/BRCA pathway might be advantageous for tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Neveling
- Department of Human Genetics, University of WürzburgBiozentrum, B107, Am Hubland, DE-97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Galimberti D, Scarpini E, Venturelli E, Strobel A, Herterich S, Fenoglio C, Guidi I, Scalabrini D, Cortini F, Bresolin N, Lesch KP, Reif A. Association of a NOS1 promoter repeat with Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2007; 29:1359-65. [PMID: 17418914 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2006] [Revised: 02/16/2007] [Accepted: 03/04/2007] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The gene encoding NOS-I (NOS1) displays a complex transcriptional regulation, with nine alternative first exons. Exon 1c and 1f are the most abundant forms in the brain. A functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in exon 1c and a polymorphism in exon 1f, consisting of a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) originating short (S) and long (L) alleles, were studied in 184 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 144 gender- and age-matched controls. No differences were found for the Ex1c G-84A. The Ex1f-VNTR S allele was significantly more common in AD (55% versus 44%, P=0.009, OR=1.52) as was the S/S genotype (28% versus 14%, P=0.008; OR=2.37). The S allele showed a highly significant interaction with the ApoE epsilon 4 allele (OR: 10.83). Therefore, short alleles of the NOS1 exon 1f-VNTR are likely to be susceptibility factors for AD, and interact with the epsilon 4 allele to markedly increase the AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Galimberti
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
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Reif A, Melchers M, Strobel A, Jacob CP, Herterich S, Lesch KP, Zimmer M. FZD3 is not a risk gene for schizophrenia: a case-control study in a Caucasian sample. J Neural Transm Suppl 2007:297-301. [PMID: 17982906 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-73574-9_36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms in the human frizzeled-3 (FZD3) gene have been associated with schizophrenia in an Asian population sample. However, this finding could not be confirmed in subsequent studies investigating other populations. Here we attempted to replicate this finding in a sample of 192 German chronically ill schizophrenic subjects. METHODS Three single nucleotide polymorphisms in the FZD3 gene have been genotyped by primer extension and MALDI-TOF measurement. Subsequently, associations for single markers as well as haplotypes were tested. RESULTS In German patients, neither single markers nor haplotypes in FZD3 were associated with schizophrenia. Further exploratory analyses using a different diagnostic approach did also not yield significant results. CONCLUSIONS FZD3 is unlikely to play a role in the genetic predisposition towards schizophrenia in the Caucasian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reif
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Molecular and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Heinrich T, Prowald C, Friedl R, Gottwald B, Kalb R, Neveling K, Herterich S, Hoehn H, Schindler D. Exclusion/confirmation of ataxia-telangiectasia via cell-cycle testing. Eur J Pediatr 2006; 165:250-7. [PMID: 16411093 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-005-0037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2005] [Revised: 10/15/2005] [Accepted: 10/17/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder with increased radiosensitivity and cancer susceptibility. The responsible gene (ATM) consists of 66 exons and a coding region of 9171 bp which precludes direct sequencing as a screening assay for confirmation or exclusion of the clinical suspicion of AT. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 330 patients referred for the exclusion of AT were exposed to ionizing radiation (IR) and incubated for 72 h in the presence of phytohemagglutinin. Using bivariate BrdU-Hoechst/ethidium bromide flowcytometry, the following cell cycle parameters were ascertained: (1) proportion of non-proliferating (G0,G1) cells as a measure of mitogen response, (2) proportion of first-cycle G2-phase cells relative to the growth fraction (G2/GF) as a measure of radiosensitivity. Of the cases tested, 94.2% could be unequivocally assigned either to the AT-negative or the AT-positive group of patients. Of the AT-positive cases, 11 were confirmed by ATM mutation analysis. Nineteen cases presented with non-conclusive results, mostly due to poor mitogen response; however, a combination of cell-cycle data with serum AFP concentrations led to the exclusion of AT in all but two of the uncertain cases. Substitution of ionizing radiation by the radiomimetic bleomycin was additionally tested in a small series of patients. We conclude that cell-cycle testing complemented by serum AFP measurements fulfills the criteria as a rapid and economical screening procedure for the differential diagnosis of juvenile ataxias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman Heinrich
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Biozentrum am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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Dittrich M, Birschmann I, Pfrang J, Herterich S, Smolenski A, Walter U, Dandekar T. Analysis of SAGE data in human platelets: features of the transcriptome in an anucleate cell. Thromb Haemost 2006; 95:643-51. [PMID: 16601835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive SAGE (serial analysis of gene expression) library of purified human platelets was established. Twenty-five thousand (25,000) tags were sequenced, and after removal of mitochondrial tags, 12,609 (51%) non-mitochondrial-derived tags remained, corresponding to 2,300 different transcripts with expression levels of up to 30,000 tags per million. This new, highly purified SAGE library of platelets is enriched in specific transcripts. The complexity in terms of tag distribution is similar to cells that are still able to replenish their mRNA pool by transcription. We show that our SAGE data are consistent with recently published microarray data but show further details of the platelet transcriptome, including (i) longer UTR regions and more stable folding in the enriched mRNAs, (ii) biologically interesting new candidate mRNAs that show regulatory elements, including elements for RNA stabilization or for translational control, and (iii) significant enrichment of specific, highly transcribed mRNAs compared to a battery of SAGE libraries from other tissues. Among several regulatory mRNA elements known to be involved in mRNA localization and translational control, CPE elements are in particular enriched in the platelet transcriptome. mRNAs previously reported to be translationally regulated were found to be present in the library and were validated by real-time PCR. Furthermore, specific molecular functions such as signal transduction activity were found to be significantly enriched in the platelet transcriptome. These findings emphasize the richness and diversity of the platelet transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Dittrich
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Germany
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Reif A, Herterich S, Strobel A, Ehlis AC, Saur D, Jacob CP, Wienker T, Töpner T, Fritzen S, Walter U, Schmitt A, Fallgatter AJ, Lesch KP. A neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS-I) haplotype associated with schizophrenia modifies prefrontal cortex function. Mol Psychiatry 2006; 11:286-300. [PMID: 16389274 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous neurotransmitter thought to play important roles in several behavioral domains. On a neurobiological level, NO acts as the second messenger of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and interacts with both the dopaminergic as well as the serotonergic system. Thus, NO is a promising candidate molecule in the pathogenesis of endogenous psychoses and a potential target in their treatment. Furthermore, the chromosomal locus of the gene for the NO-producing enzyme NOS-I, 12q24.2, represents a major linkage hot spot for schizophrenic and bipolar disorder. To investigate whether the gene encoding NOS-I (NOS1) conveys to the genetic risk for those diseases, five NOS1 polymorphisms as well as a NOS1 mini-haplotype, consisting of two functional polymorphisms located in the transcriptional control region of NOS1, were examined in 195 chronic schizophrenic, 72 bipolar-I patients and 286 controls. Single-marker association analysis showed that the exon 1c promoter polymorphism was linked to schizophrenia (SCZ), whereas synonymous coding region polymorphisms were not associated with disease. Long promoter alleles of the repeat polymorphism were associated with less severe psychopathology. Analysis of the mini-haplotype also revealed a significant association with SCZ. Mutational screening did not detect novel exonic polymorphisms in patients, suggesting that regulatory rather than coding variants convey the genetic risk on psychosis. Finally, promoter polymorphisms impacted on prefrontal functioning as assessed by neuropsychological testing and electrophysiological parameters elicited by a Go-Nogo paradigm in 48 patients (continuous performance test). Collectively these findings suggest that regulatory polymorphisms of NOS1 contribute to the genetic risk for SCZ, and modulate prefrontal brain functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reif
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (Section for Clinical and Molecular Psychobiology and Laboratory for Psychophysiology and Functional Imaging), Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Reif A, Strobel A, Jacob CP, Herterich S, Freitag CM, Töpner T, Mössner R, Fritzen S, Schmitt A, Lesch KP. A NOS-III haplotype that includes functional polymorphisms is associated with bipolar disorder. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2006; 9:13-20. [PMID: 15967063 DOI: 10.1017/s1461145705005560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2004] [Revised: 02/28/2005] [Accepted: 03/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The pleiotropic messenger molecule nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in a variety of higher CNS functions, including learning, memory, and emotionality. In the human brain, NO is predominantly formed by neuronal NO synthase (NOS-I), while the so-called 'endothelial' isoform NOS-III also contributes to NO generation. We recently reported that NOS-III knockout mice display decreased adult neurogenesis and reduced responsiveness in a learned helplessness paradigm. To examine whether NOS-III plays a role in affective disorders as well, we tested a NOS-III gene haplotype, consisting of three functional polymorphisms, for an association with bipolar disorder and major depression. A significant global haplotype association with bipolar disorder (n = 284 controls; n = 91 patients; p(global) = 0.021; p(t-a-g) < 0.001), but not unipolar depression (n = 45) was detected. Our results thus suggest that the NOS-III genotype may convey a modest genetic risk to develop bipolar disorder. This finding should be further clarified by the use of within-family designs and in samples of other ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Reif
- Clinical and Molecular Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Dittrich M, Birschmann I, Stuhlfelder C, Sickmann A, Herterich S, Nieswandt B, Walter U, Dandekar T. Understanding platelets. Lessons from proteomics, genomics and promises from network analysis. Thromb Haemost 2006; 94:916-25. [PMID: 16363231 DOI: 10.1160/th05-02-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
New large-scale analysis techniques such as bioinformatics, mass spectrometry and SAGE data analysis will allow a new framework for understanding platelets. This review analyses some important options and tasks for these tools and examines an outline of the new, refined picture of the platelet outlined by these new techniques. Looking at the platelet-specific building blocks of genome, (active) transcriptome and proteome (notably secretome and phospho-proteome), we summarize current bioinformatical and biochemical approaches, tasks as well as their limitations. Understanding the surprisingly complex platelet regarding compartmentalization, key cascades, and pathways including clinical implications will remain an exciting and hopefully fruitful challenge for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Dittrich
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Bechtold A, Friedl R, Kalb R, Gottwald B, Neveling K, Gavvovidis I, Herterich S, Schindler D, Hoehn H. Prenatal exclusion/confirmation of Fanconi anemia via flow cytometry: a pilot study. Fetal Diagn Ther 2006; 21:118-24. [PMID: 16354989 DOI: 10.1159/000089061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2004] [Accepted: 01/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the potential of flow cytometry in the prenatal exclusion or confirmation of Fanconi anemia (FA). METHODS Indications for prenatal diagnosis were (1) FA-negative family history, but suspicious ultrasound findings such as radial ray aplasia, (2) FA-positive family history, but without knowledge of the affected gene and/or mutation. Amniotic fluid (AF) cell cultures and umbilical cord (UC) blood cultures were assayed for typical cell cycle changes (G2-phase accumulations) without and with mitomycin C (MMC) treatments using single- and dual-parameter (BrdU-Hoechst) flow cytometry. RESULTS Single-parameter flow cytometry correctly identified 2 positive and 9 negative cases on the basis of MMC sensitivity of cultivated AF cells. Likewise, 8 negative and 2 positive cases were correctly predicted using bivariate flow cytometry of 72-hour UC blood cultures. In contrast, bivariate flow cytometry applied to AF cells grown in the presence of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) yielded false-positive and false-negative results. CONCLUSIONS Single-parameter flow cytometry of AF cell cultures and bivariate flow cytometry of UC cell cultures have the potential to correctly predict the affected status in cases at risk for FA, whereas bivariate flow cytometry proved unreliable when applied to BrdU-substituted AF cell cultures. Cases with a low a priori risk (e.g. sonographic finding of radial ray abnormalities and negative family history) would benefit most from flow cytometry as a rapid and economical prenatal screening procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Bechtold
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Wurzburg School of Medicine, Wurzburg, Germany
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Kalb R, Duerr M, Wagner M, Herterich S, Gross M, Digweed M, Joenje H, Hoehn H, Schindler D. Lack of sensitivity of primary Fanconi's anemia fibroblasts to UV and ionizing radiation. Radiat Res 2004; 161:318-25. [PMID: 14982482 DOI: 10.1667/rr3138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Clinical observations and theoretical considerations suggest some degree of radiosensitivity in Fanconi's anemia (FA), but experimental evidence remains controversial. We tested the sensitivity of primary skin fibroblast cultures from all known FA complementation groups to ionizing radiation and ultraviolet light using conventional cell growth and colony formation assays. In contrast to previous studies, and because FA fibroblasts grow and clone poorly at ambient oxygen, we performed our sensitivity tests under hypoxic cell culture conditions. Fibroblast strains from healthy donors served as negative controls and those from patients with ataxia telangiectasia (AT) and Cockayne syndrome (CS) as positive controls. We observed interstrain variation but no systematic difference in the response of FA and non-FA control fibroblasts to ionizing radiation. After exposure to UV radiation, only complementation group A, G and D2 strains displayed values for colony formation EC50 that were intermediate between those for the negative and positive controls. Because of considerable interstrain variation, minor alterations of the response of individual FA strains to ionizing and UV radiation should be interpreted with caution and should not be taken as evidence for genotype-specific sensitivities of primary FA fibroblasts. All together, our data indicate neither systematic nor major sensitivities of primary FA fibroblast cultures of any complementation group grown under hypoxic cell culture conditions to ionizing or UV radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Kalb
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Wuerzburg, Biozentrum, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
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Reuter TY, Medhurst AL, Waisfisz Q, Zhi Y, Herterich S, Hoehn H, Gross HJ, Joenje H, Hoatlin ME, Mathew CG, Huber PAJ. Yeast two-hybrid screens imply involvement of fanconi anemia proteins in transcription regulation, cell signaling, oxidative metabolism, and cellular transport. Exp Cell Res 2003; 289:211-21. [PMID: 14499622 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-4827(03)00261-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in one of at least eight different genes cause bone marrow failure, chromosome instability, and predisposition to cancer associated with the rare genetic syndrome Fanconi anemia (FA). The cloning of seven genes has provided the tools to study the molecular pathway disrupted in Fanconi anemia patients. The structure of the genes and their gene products provided few clues to their functional role. We report here the use of 3 FA proteins, FANCA, FANCC, and FANCG, as "baits" in the hunt for interactors to obtain clues for FA protein functions. Using five different human cDNA libraries we screened 36.5x10(6) clones with the technique of the yeast two-hybrid system. We identified 69 proteins which have not previously been linked to the FA pathway as direct interactors of FANCA, FANCC, or FANCG. Most of these proteins are associated with four functional classes including transcription regulation (21 proteins), signaling (13 proteins), oxidative metabolism (10 proteins), and intracellular transport (11 proteins). Interaction with 6 proteins, DAXX, Ran, IkappaBgamma, USP14, and the previously reported SNX5 and FAZF, was additionally confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation and/or colocalization studies. Taken together, our data strongly support the hypothesis that FA proteins are functionally involved in several complex cellular pathways including transcription regulation, cell signaling, oxidative metabolism, and cellular transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Y Reuter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
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Gross M, Hanenberg H, Lobitz S, Friedl R, Herterich S, Dietrich R, Gruhn B, Schindler D, Hoehn H. Reverse mosaicism in Fanconi anemia: natural gene therapy via molecular self-correction. Cytogenet Genome Res 2003; 98:126-35. [PMID: 12697994 DOI: 10.1159/000069805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2002] [Accepted: 12/10/2002] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetically and phenotypically heterogenous autosomal recessive disease associated with chromosomal instability and hypersensitivity to DNA crosslinkers. Prognosis is poor due to progressive bone marrow failure and increased risk of neoplasia, but revertant mosaicism may improve survival. Mechanisms of reversion include back mutation, intragenic crossover, gene conversion and compensating deletions/insertions. We describe the types of reversions found in five mosaic FA patients who are compound heterozygotes for single base mutations in FANCA or FANCC. Intragenic crossover could be shown as the mechanism of self-correction in the FANCC patient. Restoration to wildtype via back mutation or gene conversion of either the paternal or maternal allele was observed in the FANCA patients. The sequence environments of these mutations/reversions were indicative of high mutability, and selective advantage of bone marrow precursor cells carrying a completely restored FANCA allele might explain the surprisingly uniform pattern of these reversions. We also describe a first example of in vitro phenotypic reversion via the emergence of a compensating missense mutation 15 amino acids downstream of the constitutional mutation, which explains the reversion to MMC resistance of the respective lymphoblastoid cell line. With one exception, our mosaic patients showed improvement of their hematological status during a three- to six-year observation period, indicating a proliferative advantage of the reverted cell lineages. In patients with Fanconi anemia, genetic instability due to defective caretaker genes sharply increases the risk of neoplasia, but at the same time increases the chance for revertant mosaicism leading to improved bone marrow function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gross
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Weber BHF, Lin B, White K, Kohler K, Soboleva G, Herterich S, Seeliger MW, Jaissle GB, Grimm C, Reme C, Wenzel A, Asan E, Schrewe H. A mouse model for Sorsby fundus dystrophy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2002; 43:2732-40. [PMID: 12147610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sorsby fundus dystrophy (SFD) is a rare, late-onset macular dystrophy caused by mutations in the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 (TIMP3) gene. The known mutations introduce potentially unpaired cysteine residues in the C terminus of the protein and result in the formation of higher-molecular-weight protein complexes of as yet unknown composition and functional consequences in the pathologic course of SFD. To facilitate in vivo investigation of mutant TIMP3, the authors generated a knock-in mouse carrying a disease-related Ser156Cys mutation in the orthologous murine Timp3 gene. METHODS Site-directed mutagenesis and homologous recombination in embryonic stem (ES) cells was used to generate mutant ES cells carrying the Timp3(S156C) allele. Chimeric animals were obtained, of which two displayed germline transmission of the mutated allele. Molecular genetic, biochemical, electron microscopic, and electrodiagnostic techniques were used for characterization. RESULTS At 8 months of age, knock-in mice showed abnormalities in the inner aspect of Bruch's membrane and in the organization of the adjacent basal microvilli of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Changes resembling those in the mutant animals were also present to some extent in normal littermates, but only at an advanced age of 30 months. Long-term electrodiagnostic recordings indicated normal retinal function throughout life. The biochemical characteristics of the mutant protein appear similar in humans and knock-in mice, suggesting common molecular pathways in the two species. The localization of the mutant protein in the eye is normal, although there is evidence of increased Timp3 levels in Bruch's membrane of mutant animals. CONCLUSIONS The knock-in mice display early features of age-related changes in Bruch's membrane and the RPE that may represent the primary clinical manifestations of SFD. In addition, our immunolabeling studies and biochemical data support a model proposing that site-specific excess rather than absence or deficiency of functional Timp3 may be the primary consequence of the known Timp3 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard H F Weber
- Institute of Human Genetics, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Germany.
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Reuter T, Herterich S, Bernhard O, Hoehn H, Gross HJ. Strong FANCA/FANCG but weak FANCA/FANCC interaction in the yeast 2-hybrid system. Blood 2000; 95:719-20. [PMID: 10627486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Three of at least 8 Fanconi anemia (FA) genes have been cloned (FANCA, FANCC, FANCG), but their functions remain unknown. Using the yeast 2-hybrid system and full-length cDNA, the authors found a strong interaction between FANCA and FANCG proteins. They also obtained evidence for a weak interaction between FANCA and FANCC. Neither FANCA nor FANCC was found to interact with itself. These results support the notion of a functional association between the FA gene products. (Blood. 2000;95:719-720)
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Affiliation(s)
- T Reuter
- Departments of Biochemistry and Human Genetics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Wijker M, Morgan NV, Herterich S, van Berkel CG, Tipping AJ, Gross HJ, Gille JJ, Pals G, Savino M, Altay C, Mohan S, Dokal I, Cavenagh J, Marsh J, van Weel M, Ortega JJ, Schuler D, Samochatova E, Karwacki M, Bekassy AN, Abecasis M, Ebell W, Kwee ML, de Ravel T. Heterogeneous spectrum of mutations in the Fanconi anaemia group A gene. Eur J Hum Genet 1999; 7:52-9. [PMID: 10094191 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anaemia (FA) is a genetically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorder associated with chromosomal fragility, bone-marrow failure, congenital abnormalities and cancer. The gene for complementation group A (FAA), which accounts for 60-65% of all cases, has been cloned, and is composed of an open reading frame of 4.3 kb, which is distributed among 43 exons. We have investigated the molecular pathology of FA by screening the FAA gene for mutations in a panel of 90 patients identified by the European FA research group, EUFAR. A highly heterogeneous spectrum of mutations was identified, with 31 different mutations being detected in 34 patients. The mutations were scattered throughout the gene, and most are likely to result in the absence of the FAA protein. A surprisingly high frequency of intragenic deletions was detected, which removed between 1 and 30 exons from the gene. Most microdeletions and insertions occurred at homopolymeric tracts or direct repeats within the coding sequence. These features have not been observed in the other FA gene which has been cloned to date (FAC) and may be indicative of a higher mutation rate in FAA. This would explain why FA group A is much more common than the other complementation groups. The heterogeneity of the mutation spectrum and the frequency of intragenic deletions present a considerable challenge for the molecular diagnosis of FA. A scan of the entire coding sequence of the FAA gene may be required to detect the causative mutations, and scanning protocols will have to include methods which will detect the deletions in compound heterozygotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wijker
- Department of Human Genetics, Free University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Siddavattam D, Nickles A, Herterich S, Steibl HD, Kreutzer R, Klingmüller W. Site-specific mutagenesis in Enterobacter agglomerans: construction of nif B mutants and analysis of the gene's structure and function. Mol Gen Genet 1995; 249:526-32. [PMID: 8544818 DOI: 10.1007/bf00290578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel technique was developed which may be generally well suited to the site-specific construction of mutations in Enterobacter agglomerans. The method is based on the observation that E. agglomerans can be cured of a plasmid of the incompatibility group IncQ by cultivation on citrate-containing medium. To test the applicability of this technique, we inserted a kanamycin cassette into the cloned nifB gene, transferred it into E. agglomerans, and selected for recombinants in which the wild-type nifB was replaced by the mutated gene by growing transformants on citrate medium with kanamycin. The nifB- mutants with the kanamycin cassette inserted in either orientation showed a nif- phenotype. Further, we determined the nucleotide sequence of nifB. A typical sigma 54-dependent promoter and a consensus NifA binding site were found upstream of nifB. Activation of this promoter by both heterologous and homologous NifA proteins was observed in vivo. The predicted amino acid sequence of the NifB protein showed strong similarity to the NifB sequences of other diazotrophic bacteria. The typical clustering of cysteine residues at the N-terminal end indicates its involvement in Fe-Mo cofactor biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Siddavattam
- Institute for Genetics, University of Bayreuth, Germany
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