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Colzani L, Forni C, Clerici L, Barreca S, Dellavedova P. Determination of pollutants, antibiotics, and drugs in surface water in Italy as required by the third EU Water Framework Directive Watch List: method development, validation, and assessment. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:14791-14803. [PMID: 38280169 PMCID: PMC10884086 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we report a study concerning the quantification of new emerging pollutants in water as a request from the third European Watch List mechanism. The EU Watch List compound was investigated by an internal method that was validated in terms of detection limits, linearities, accuracy, and precision in accordance with quality assurance criteria, and it was used to monitor several rivers from 11 Italian regions. The methodology developed was satisfactorily validated from 5 to 500 ng L-1 for the emerging pollutants studied, and it was applied to different river waters sampled in Italy, revealing the presence of drugs and antibiotics. Rivers were monitored for 2 years by two different campaigns conducted in 2021 and 2022. A total of 19 emerging pollutants were investigated on 45 samples. The most detected analytes were O-desmethylvenlafaxine and venlafaxine. About azole compounds, sulfamethoxazole, fluconazole, and Miconazole were found. About antibiotics, ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin were found in three and one samples, respectively. Moreover, statistical analyses have found a significant correlation between O-desmethylvenlafaxine with venlafaxine, sulfamethoxazole with venlafaxine, and fluconazole with venlafaxine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Colzani
- ARPA Lombardia via Ippolito Rosellini n, 17 20124, Milan, Italy
| | - Carola Forni
- ARPA Lombardia via Ippolito Rosellini n, 17 20124, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Clerici
- ARPA Lombardia via Ippolito Rosellini n, 17 20124, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Barreca
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95100, Catania, Italy.
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Barreca S, Mancuso MMM, Sacristán D, Pace A, Savoca D, Orecchio S. Determination of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Indoor Dust Matter of the Sicily (Italy) Area: Analysis and Exposure Evaluations. Toxics 2023; 12:28. [PMID: 38250983 PMCID: PMC10819494 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in environmental matrices is increasingly being studied due to its environmental persistence, global occurrence, bioaccumulation, and associated human health risks. Some indoor environments can significantly impact the health of occupants due to pollutants in indoor air and household dust. To investigate the potential exposure of individuals to PFOA in specific confined environments, this study reports an analytical method and results concerning the determination of PFOA in household dust, used as a passive sampler. To the best of our knowledge, this paper represents one of the first studies concerning PFOA concentrations in indoor dust collected in the south of Italy, within the European region. A total of twenty-three dust samples were collected from two different areas of Sicily (Palermo and Milena), extracted, and analyzed by an UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS system. Finally, PFOA exposure was estimated using a new index (Indoor PFOA Exposure Index, IPEX) that incorporates the PFOA levels in dust, exposure time, and the correlation between the PFOA in dust and blood. It was then compared across four different exposure groups, revealing that PFOA exposure for people working in chemistry laboratories was evaluated to be ten times higher than the exposure for homemakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Barreca
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95100 Catania, Italy
| | - Michele Marco Mizio Mancuso
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo (STEBICEF), Viale Delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90100 Palermo, Italy (A.P.); (D.S.); (S.O.)
| | - Daniel Sacristán
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Valencia Córdoba, 46100 Valencia, Spain;
- Department of Soil and Environmental Quality Department, Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación-CIDE (CSIC-Universitat de València-Generalitat Valenciana), Carretera Moncada-Náquera km 4.5, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrea Pace
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo (STEBICEF), Viale Delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90100 Palermo, Italy (A.P.); (D.S.); (S.O.)
| | - Dario Savoca
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo (STEBICEF), Viale Delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90100 Palermo, Italy (A.P.); (D.S.); (S.O.)
- NBFC—National Biodiversity Future Center, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Santino Orecchio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo (STEBICEF), Viale Delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90100 Palermo, Italy (A.P.); (D.S.); (S.O.)
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Amorello D, Indelicato R, Barreca S, Orecchio S, Orecchio S. Analytical Method for Quantification of Several Phthalate Acid Esters by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Coffee Brew Samples. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202200082. [PMID: 36478441 PMCID: PMC9728482 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several phthalate acid esters (PAEs), often called phthalate esters or phthalates, are substances classified as harmful due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic properties, and moreover, as dangerous for humans because they interfere with the endocrine system. In general, phthalic esters are used as plasticizers for different polymers and more other consumer products. In the present study, we describe a simple method to quantify PAEs in coffee brew using a liquid-liquid extraction without purification processes through analysing the obtained organic phase by GCMS in the single ion monitoring mode. The totals of single PAEs, in coffee brew samples analysed by us, are in the range of 159-5305 μg L-1 . Considering that, on average, a person drinks three cups (total 90 mL) of the aforementioned drink per day, this will lead to the uptake of a total 14 to 477 μg of phthalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Amorello
- Universita degli Studi di PalermoScienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e FarmaceuticheViale delle Scienze, Ed. 1790100PalermoItaly
| | - Roberta Indelicato
- Universita degli Studi di PalermoScienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e FarmaceuticheViale delle Scienze, Ed. 1790100PalermoItaly
| | - Salvatore Barreca
- Chemical Sciences DepartmentUniversity of CataniaViale Andrea Doria 695125CataniaItaly
| | - Santino Orecchio
- Universita degli Studi di PalermoScienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e FarmaceuticheViale delle Scienze, Ed. 1790100PalermoItaly
| | - Silvia Orecchio
- Universita degli Studi di PalermoScienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e FarmaceuticheViale delle Scienze, Ed. 1790100PalermoItaly
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Savoca D, Melfi R, Palumbo Piccionello A, Barreca S, Buscemi S, Arizza V, Arculeo M, Pace A. Presence and biodistribution of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in Paracentrotus lividus highlight its potential application for environmental biomonitoring. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18763. [PMID: 34548584 PMCID: PMC8455602 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98284-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The first determination of presence and biodistribution of PFOA in ninety specimens of sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus from two differently contaminated sites along Palermo's coastline (Sicily) is reported. Analyses were performed on the sea urchins' coelomic fluids, coelomocytes, gonads or mixed organs, as well as on seawater and Posidonia oceanica leaves samples from the collection sites. PFOA concentration ranged between 1 and 13 ng/L in seawater and between 0 and 794 ng/g in P. oceanica. The analyses carried out on individuals of P. lividus from the least polluted site (A) showed PFOA median values equal to 0 in all the matrices (coelomic fluid, coelomocytes and gonads). Conversely, individuals collected from the most polluted site (B) showed median PFOA concentrations of 21 ng/g in coelomic fluid, 153 ng/g in coelomocytes, and 195 ng/g in gonads. Calculated bioconcentration factors of log10BCF > 3.7 confirmed the very bioaccumulative nature of PFOA. Significant correlations were found between the PFOA concentration of the coelomic fluid versus the total PFOA concentration of the entire sea urchin. PERMANOVA (p = 0.001) end Welch's t-test (p < 0.001) analyses showed a difference between specimens collected from the two sites highlighting the potential application of P. lividus as sentinel species for PFOA biomonitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Savoca
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Raffaella Melfi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Palumbo Piccionello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Barreca
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 25, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvestre Buscemi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Arizza
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Arculeo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90100, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Pace
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90100, Palermo, Italy.
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Gómez L, Niegowska M, Navarro A, Amendola L, Arukwe A, Ait-Aissa S, Balzamo S, Barreca S, Belkin S, Bittner M, Blaha L, Buchinger S, Busetto M, Carere M, Colzani L, Dellavedova P, Denslow N, Escher BI, Hogstrand C, Khan EA, König M, Kroll KJ, Lacchetti I, Maillot-Marechal E, Moscovici L, Potalivo M, Sanseverino I, Santos R, Schifferli A, Schlichting R, Sforzini S, Simon E, Shpigel E, Sturzenbaum S, Vermeirssen E, Viarengo A, Werner I, Lettieri T. Estrogenicity of chemical mixtures revealed by a panel of bioassays. Sci Total Environ 2021; 785:147284. [PMID: 33957588 PMCID: PMC8210648 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Estrogenic compounds are widely released to surface waters and may cause adverse effects to sensitive aquatic species. Three hormones, estrone, 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethinylestradiol, are of particular concern as they are bioactive at very low concentrations. Current analytical methods are not all sensitive enough for monitoring these substances in water and do not cover mixture effects. Bioassays could complement chemical analysis since they detect the overall effect of complex mixtures. Here, four chemical mixtures and two hormone mixtures were prepared and tested as reference materials together with two environmental water samples by eight laboratories employing nine in vitro and in vivo bioassays covering different steps involved in the estrogenic response. The reference materials included priority substances under the European Water Framework Directive, hormones and other emerging pollutants. Each substance in the mixture was present at its proposed safety limit concentration (EQS) in the European legislation. The in vitro bioassays detected the estrogenic effect of chemical mixtures even when 17β-estradiol was not present but differences in responsiveness were observed. LiBERA was the most responsive, followed by LYES. The additive effect of the hormones was captured by ERα-CALUX, MELN, LYES and LiBERA. Particularly, all in vitro bioassays detected the estrogenic effects in environmental water samples (EEQ values in the range of 0.75-304 × EQS), although the concentrations of hormones were below the limit of quantification in analytical measurements. The present study confirms the applicability of reference materials for estrogenic effects' detection through bioassays and indicates possible methodological drawbacks of some of them that may lead to false negative/positive outcomes. The observed difference in responsiveness among bioassays - based on mixture composition - is probably due to biological differences between them, suggesting that panels of bioassays with different characteristics should be applied according to specific environmental pollution conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Gómez
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Anna Navarro
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Luca Amendola
- ARPA Lazio, Regional Agency for Environmental Protection, Via G. Saredo 52, 00173 Rome, Italy
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Selim Ait-Aissa
- French National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Stefania Balzamo
- ISPRA - Environmental Metrology Unit, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Barreca
- ARPA Lombardia, Regional Agency for Environmental Protection, Via Rosellini 17, 20124 Milan, Italy
| | - Shimshon Belkin
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Michal Bittner
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ludek Blaha
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Maddalena Busetto
- ARPA Lombardia, Regional Agency for Environmental Protection, Via Rosellini 17, 20124 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Carere
- ISS-National Health Institute, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Colzani
- ARPA Lombardia, Regional Agency for Environmental Protection, Via Rosellini 17, 20124 Milan, Italy
| | - Pierluisa Dellavedova
- ARPA Lombardia, Regional Agency for Environmental Protection, Via Rosellini 17, 20124 Milan, Italy
| | - Nancy Denslow
- Center for Environmental & Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Beate I Escher
- Department Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Metal Metabolism Group, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford St, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Essa Ahsan Khan
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Maria König
- Department Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kevin J Kroll
- Center for Environmental & Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ines Lacchetti
- ISS-National Health Institute, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Emmanuelle Maillot-Marechal
- French National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Liat Moscovici
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Monica Potalivo
- ISPRA - Environmental Metrology Unit, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Sanseverino
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Ricardo Santos
- Laboratório de Análises, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andrea Schifferli
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Rita Schlichting
- Department Cell Toxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanna Sforzini
- Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment, National Research Council (CNR-IAS), Via de Marini 6, Genova 16149, Italy
| | - Eszter Simon
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Etai Shpigel
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Stephen Sturzenbaum
- School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, UK
| | - Etienne Vermeirssen
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Aldo Viarengo
- Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in Marine Environment, National Research Council (CNR-IAS), Via de Marini 6, Genova 16149, Italy
| | - Inge Werner
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Teresa Lettieri
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
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Barreca S, Busetto M, Colzani L, Clerici L, Daverio D, Dellavedova P, Balzamo S, Calabretta E, Ubaldi V. Determination of estrogenic endocrine disruptors in water at sub-ng L−1 levels in compliance with Decision 2015/495/EU using offline-online solid phase extraction concentration coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Purpari G, Di Bella S, Gucciardi F, Macaluso G, Mira F, Barreca S, Di Paola L, Di Marco P, Petersen E, La Rosa G, Guercio A. Detection of human enteric viruses from shellfish, vegetable and water samples collected in Sicily. Int J Infect Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.4281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Savoca D, Arculeo M, Barreca S, Buscemi S, Caracappa S, Gentile A, Persichetti MF, Pace A. Chasing phthalates in tissues of marine turtles from the Mediterranean sea. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 127:165-169. [PMID: 29475650 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Tissues from thirteen specimens of marine turtles, one Dermochelys coriacea and twelve Caretta caretta, found dead along the Sicilian coasts in 2016 were analyzed for the presence of phthalates. Four phthalates (DEP, DBP, BBP, and DEHP) were found at different significant concentrations in liver and gonads, while only DBP was found in muscle tissues and at a fourfold lower concentration than other phthalates in Dermochelys coriacea. No traces of DEP were detected in C. caretta tissues where DOTP was also revealed. The presence of phthalates in fat tissue in specimens of C. caretta showed a major prevalence of the most lipophilic phthalates DEHP and DOTP. The total concentration of all analyzed phthalates, showed high values in all tissues. Results suggested that for monitoring purposes from live specimens sample collection should be addressed to fat tissue with accurate manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Savoca
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Arculeo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Barreca
- Istituto EuroMediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia (IEMEST), Via Michele Miraglia 20, 90139 Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvestre Buscemi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Santo Caracappa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Marinuzzi 6, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Gentile
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Marinuzzi 6, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Pace
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy.
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Amorello D, Barreca S, Bruno M, Milia A, Orecchio S, Pettignano A. Chemical characterization of ancient liturgical vestment (chasuble) by Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP–OES). Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Orecchio S, Amorello D, Barreca S, Pettignano A. Speciation of vanadium in urban, industrial and volcanic soils by a modified Tessier method. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2016; 18:323-329. [PMID: 26780160 DOI: 10.1039/c5em00596e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium (V) concentrations in industrial, urban and volcanic soils were sequentially extracted using a modified Tessier's method. The voltammetric technique was used to determine V concentrations in solutions obtained from the various extraction steps. At the reference stations, the V concentrations (sum of four individual fractions) in soils ranged from 0.72 to 0.24 g kg(-1) dry weight (d.w.) with a mean value of 0.18 g kg(-1) d.w. V concentrations in soils of the Palermo urban area ranged from 0.34 to 2.1 g kg(-1) d.w., in the Milazzo (industrial) area between 0.26 and 5.4 g kg(-1) d.w. and in the volcanic area near Mt. Etna from 0.91 to 2.9 g kg(-1) d.w. When the V concentrations around Mt. Etna were compared with those obtained at the reference stations, it was confirmed that Mt. Etna is a continuous source of V. In all the samples analyzed, the majority of V (from 94 to 100%) was detected in the fourth fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, I-90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Diana Amorello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, I-90128, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Pettignano
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, I-90128, Palermo, Italy
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Orecchio S, Amorello D, Barreca S, Valenti A. Wood pellets for home heating can be considered environmentally friendly fuels? Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in their ashes. Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
This preliminary study has mainly focused on the wax identification by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and removal. Wax is used for many purposes in the field of art as protective coatings on wooden, stone or metal objects. From the comparison of the spectra H NMR and in particular with the correspondence of the resonance peaks of the samples taken from the statue and beeswax and paraffin, we can conclude that the wax applied on the statue surface is beeswax. From our data, it can be concluded that, to remove the beeswax, from any stone support, the more effective solvent is the mixture of cyclohexane/ethyl acetate. The removal percentages ranged from 19 to 99%. Lower percentages of removal have been observed in the case of yellow marble, probably because of its high porosity. We can affirm that, this solvent mixture can be employed in real art objects using cotton swabs to remove protective wax.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- a Department STEBICEF , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Lorena Oddo
- a Department STEBICEF , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
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Abstract
Twenty-one almond samples from three different geographical origins (Sicily, Spain and California) were investigated by determining minerals and fatty acids compositions. Data were used to discriminate by chemometry almond origin by linear discriminant analysis. With respect to previous PCA profiling studies, this work provides a simpler analytical protocol for the identification of almonds geographical origin. Classification by using mineral contents data only was correct in 77% of the samples, while, by using fatty acid profiles, the percentages of samples correctly classified reached 82%. The coupling of mineral contents and fatty acid profiles lead to an increased efficiency of the classification with 87% of samples correctly classified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Amorello
- a Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche , Università di Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Santino Orecchio
- a Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche , Università di Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Andrea Pace
- a Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche , Università di Palermo , Palermo , Italy.,b Istituto Euro Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia (IEMEST) , Palermo , Italy
| | - Salvatore Barreca
- a Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche , Università di Palermo , Palermo , Italy.,b Istituto Euro Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia (IEMEST) , Palermo , Italy.,c Consorzio di Ricerca per lo Sviluppo di Sistemi Innovativi Agroambientali (CORISSIA) , Palermo , Italy
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Orecchio S, Bianchini F, Bonsignore R, Blandino P, Barreca S, Amorello D. Profiles and Sources of PAHs in Sediments from an Open-Pit Mining Area in the Peruvian Andes. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2015.1005242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Bonsignore
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pietro Blandino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Barreca
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Diana Amorello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Barreca S, Ciriaco L, Ferlazzo M, Rosa MA. Mechanical and biological results of short-stem hip implants: consideration on a series of 74 cases. Musculoskelet Surg 2015; 99:55-59. [PMID: 24969076 DOI: 10.1007/s12306-014-0334-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this survey was to show mid-term outcomes of a short-stem cementless hip prosthesis with metaphyseal fit and fill. METHODS Case series is on 74 implants in 67 patients, implanted from June 2006 to December 2010 with an average follow-up of 48 months (range 36-90 months). RESULTS In their case series, authors found some pitfalls as varus or valgus alignment, heterotopic ossification, aseptic mobilization with subsidency, and malpositioning. According to Harris Hip Score, postoperative clinical outcomes were excellent-good (84 %) and fair-poor (16 %). CONCLUSIONS At a mid-term follow-up, the investigated implant showed a strong stability and some well-tolerated mechanical and biological pitfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Barreca
- Section of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, School of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy,
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Orecchio S, Indelicato R, Barreca S. Determination of Selected Phthalates by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Personal Perfumes. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2015; 78:1008-1018. [PMID: 26262443 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1021433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A simple and fast method is proposed to analyze commercial personal perfumes. Our method includes measurement of phthalates, known to be major sources of endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDC), which originate from the less volatile fraction of perfumes. The quantification of phthalates were carried out directly with no sample preparation required on 30 samples of commercial products using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as a detector. The total concentrations of 15 investigated compounds ranged from 17 to 9650 mg/L with an average of 2643 mg/L. The highest total concentration was found in cologne. Diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) were detected in appreciable concentrations. Further, it was found that the composition of counterfeit samples varied widely from that of authentic products. The composition of old products was different from that of recent perfumes, which contain less harmful chemicals, attributed to the ban on some phthalates in Europe due their toxicity. It should be noted that older and contaminated products are not equivalent to authentic products when considering quality, safety, and probably effectiveness. Older and nonapproved perfumes contain chemicals that are not allowed for commercial use and may contain toxic impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- a Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche , Università di Palermo , Palermo , Italy
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Barreca S, Bastone S, Caponetti E, Martino DFC, Orecchio S. Determination of selected polyaromatic hydrocarbons by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for the analysis of wood to establish the cause of sinking of an old vessel (Scauri wreck) by fire. Microchem J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Bergamasco A, Culotta L, De Stefano C, Orecchio S, Sammartano S, Barreca S. Composition, Distribution, and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments of the Gulf of Milazzo (Mediterranean Sea, Italy). Polycycl Aromat Compd 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2014.900642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Barreca S, Mazzola A, Orecchio S, Tuzzolino N. Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Sediments from Sicilian Coastal Area (Scoglitti) using Automated Soxhlet, GC-MS, and Principal Component Analysis. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2014.886078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Orecchio S, Indelicato R, Barreca S. Determination of selected phthalates by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in mural paintings from Palermo (Italy). Microchem J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Barreca S, Indelicato R, Orecchio S, Pace A. Photodegradation of selected phthalates on mural painting surfaces under UV light irradiation. Microchem J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Orecchio S, Indelicato R, Barreca S. The distribution of phthalate esters in indoor dust of Palermo (Italy). Environ Geochem Health 2013; 35:613-24. [PMID: 23807633 PMCID: PMC3751272 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-013-9544-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, phthalic acid esters (PAEs): dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate, benzyl butyl phthalate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and di-n-octyl phthalate in indoor dust (used as passive sampler) were investigated. The settled dust samples were collected from thirteen indoor environments from Palermo city. A fast and simple method using Soxhlet and GC-MS analysis has been optimized to identify and quantify the phthalates. Total phthalates concentrations in indoor dusts ranged from 269 to 4,831 mg/kg d.w. (d.w. = dry weight). The data show a linear correlation between total PAEs concentration and a single compound content, with the exclusion of the two most volatile components (DMP and DEP) that are present in appreciable amounts only in two samples. These results suggest that most of the PAEs identified in the samples of settled dust originate from the same type of material. This evidence indicates that, in a specific indoor environment, generally is not present only one compound but a mixture having over time comparable percentages of PAEs. Consequently, for routine analyses of a specific indoor environment, only a smaller number of compounds could be determined to value the contamination of that environment. We also note differences in phthalate concentrations between buildings from different construction periods; the total concentration of PAEs was higher in ancient homes compared to those constructed later. This is due to a trend to reduce or remove certain hazardous compounds from building materials and consumer goods. A linear correlation between total PAEs concentration and age of the building was observed (R = 0.71).
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche, Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Parco Orleans II, Palermo, Italy.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To predict the place of discharge or discharge Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score for stroke survivors with moderate disability using neural network modeling. Our previous work demonstrated that the FIM predicts the level of recovery for stroke survivors with either severe or mild disabilities. DESIGN Neural network analysis. SETTING Tertiary care rehabilitation program. PATIENTS One hundred forty-seven consecutive stroke survivors admitted for rehabilitation with admission FIM scores between 37 and 96 were used as the training and internal test set. Seventeen other randomly selected stroke survivors were used as the external test set. INTERVENTION A neural network model was developed using a small set of clinical variables and the admission FIM score. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Neural network model predicting place of discharge or discharge FIM score. RESULTS A working and accurate model was developed to predict the discharge FIM score. The model was able to predict the 17 external test cases with an accuracy = 88%, sensitivity = 83%, specificity = 91%, positive predictive value = 83%, and negative predictive value = 91%. CONCLUSION Neural network modeling is useful in the prediction of functional recovery and helps in discharge planning and allocation of rehabilitation resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Oczkowski
- Hamilton Civic Hospitals, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
To explore the potential of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) as a prognostic indicator of outcome in stroke survivors, 113 consecutive patients were observed from admission until discharge. Patients received assessment and treatment by a multidisciplinary team in a regional tertiary care stroke-specific rehabilitation program. The FIM, Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment, and discharge location were used as the main outcome measures. The results suggested that; (1) impairment variables alone are insufficient as prognostic indicators of outcome; (2) the absolute admission FIM score, not the change in the FIM score, is the best predictor of outcome disability and place of discharge; and (3) subgroups of stroke survivors with differing rehabilitation needs can be identified. The FIM allows us to classify stroke survivors according to their needs; therefore, attention should be redirected to the development of prognostic indicators for groups of stroke survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Oczkowski
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Gowland C, Stratford P, Ward M, Moreland J, Torresin W, Van Hullenaar S, Sanford J, Barreca S, Vanspall B, Plews N. Measuring physical impairment and disability with the Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment. Stroke 1993; 24:58-63. [PMID: 8418551 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.24.1.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 591] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment measures the physical impairments and disabilities that impact on the lives of individuals with stroke. This measure has three overall purposes: 1) to stage motor recovery to classify individuals in terms of clinical characteristics, 2) to predict rehabilitation outcomes, and 3) to measure clinically important change in physical function. This study was carried out to evaluate the ability of this measure to yield reliable and valid results. METHODS Thirty-two subjects from a stroke rehabilitation treatment unit were assessed by research and treating physical therapists using multiple measures on multiple occasions. The measure's three purposes dictated the study objectives and design. RESULTS Intrarater, interrater, and test-retest reliabilities of the impairment and disability inventories were estimated. Reliability coefficients for the total scores ranged from 0.97 to 0.99. Construct and concurrent validities were studied by examining the correlations between this and other measures. A priori hypothetical constructs stated that these correlations should exceed 0.60. These constructs were confirmed; the impairment inventory total score was found to correlate with the Fugl-Meyer Test (r = 0.95, p < 0.001) and the disability inventory with the Functional Independence Measure (r = 0.79, p < 0.05). Additional study hypotheses were also substantiated. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms that the Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment yields both reliable and valid results. With the evaluation study now completed, the Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment can be used with confidence as both a clinical and a research tool that can discriminate among subjects and evaluate patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gowland
- School of Occupational and Physical Therapy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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