1
|
Hwang ST, Simon SI. Casting for Proteins in Psoriatic Inflammation Hooks Glycyl-tRNA Synthetases (GARS). J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:733-734. [PMID: 38349306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sam T Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.
| | - Scott I Simon
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
Acute guttate psoriasis (AGP) is considered an uncommon variant of psoriasis (PsO), characterized as a widespread eruption of erythematous, psoriasiform papules, and plaques on the trunk, extremities, and scalp. Predisposing factors include a family history of PsO, variation in the main PsO susceptibility gene HLA-Cw*0602, and previous infection with viruses or acute β-hemolytic Streptococcus A program focused on controversies and recent advances in understanding AGP was presented at the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) 2022 annual meeting. Topics included an overview of clinical presentation and natural history, predisposing genetic and environmental factors, and the recent molecular profiling that supports classification of AGP as a form of PsO. Early molecular profiling studies using proteomic signatures have suggested similarities between AGP and contact dermatitis, but recent studies using gene expression profiling and gene set enrichment scores demonstrate that AGP is more similar to chronic PsO. The expression of regulatory immune pathways seen with AGP suggests potential for early and sustained remission if the disease is suppressed by targeted treatments. Published case reports documenting clinical improvement of AGP with biologics that antagonize interleukin (IL)-12/23, IL-23, and IL-17 support the role of the IL-23/IL-17 axis in AGP, similar to that in PsO. Data supporting the use of antibiotics and other therapeutic agents for AGP are lacking, and randomized controlled trials are needed. Trial design for AGP is challenged by the low incidence, tendency for spontaneous remission, lack of validated end points, and the need for long-term follow up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Callis Duffin
- K. Callis Duffin, MD, MS, Department of Dermatology, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah;
| | - Sam T Hwang
- S.T. Hwang, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
| | - James G Krueger
- J.G. Krueger, MD, PhD, Department of Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lai Y, Wu X, Chao E, Bloomstein JD, Wei G, Hwang ST, Shi Z. Impact of Gut Bacterial Metabolites on Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: Current Status and Future Perspectives. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:1657-1666. [PMID: 37422760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that supports a role of gut dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of psoriasis (Pso). Thus, probiotic supplementation and fecal microbiota transplantation may serve as promising preventive and therapeutic strategies for patients with Pso. One of the basic mechanisms through which the gut microbiota interacts with the host is through bacteria-derived metabolites, usually intermediate or end products produced by microbial metabolism. In this study, we provide an up-to-date review of the most recent literature on microbial-derived metabolites and highlight their roles in the immune system, with a special focus on Pso and one of its most common comorbidities, psoriatic arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhsien Lai
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuesong Wu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Ellen Chao
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | | | - Grace Wei
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Sam T Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Zhenrui Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Z, Wu X, Hwang ST, Liu J. The Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome. Ann Dermatol 2021; 33:487-496. [PMID: 34858000 PMCID: PMC8577908 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2021.33.6.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) are the most common subtypes of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs). Most cases of MF display an indolent course during its early stage. However, in some patients, it can progress to the tumor stage with potential systematic involvement and a poor prognosis. SS is defined as an erythrodermic CTCL with leukemic involvements. The pathogenesis of MF and SS is still not fully understood, but recent data have found that the development of MF and SS is related to genetic alterations and possibly to environmental influences. In CTCL, many components interacting with tumor cells, such as tumor-associated macrophages, fibroblasts, dendritic cells, mast cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, as well as with chemokines, cytokines and other key players, establish the tumor microenvironment (TME). In turn, the TME regulates tumor cell migration and proliferation directly and indirectly and may play a critical role in the progression of MF and SS. The TME of MF and SS appear to show features of a Th2 phenotype, thus dampening tumor-related immune responses. Recently, several studies have been published on the immunological characteristics of MF and SS, but a full understanding of the CTCL-related TME remains to be determined. This review focuses on the role of the TME in MF and SS, aiming to further demonstrate the pathogenesis of the disease and to provide new ideas for potential treatments targeted at the microenvironment components of the tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaorui Liu
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Wu
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Sam T Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shi Z, Garcia-Melchor E, Wu X, Getschman AE, Nguyen M, Rowland DJ, Wilson M, Sunzini F, Akbar M, Huynh M, Law T, Kundu-Raychaudhuri SK, Raychaudhuri SP, Volkman BF, Millar NL, Hwang ST. Targeting the CCR6/CCL20 axis in entheseal and cutaneous inflammation. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 73:2271-2281. [PMID: 34081845 DOI: 10.1002/art.41882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the involvement of the CCR6/CCL20 axis in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and psoriasis (PsO) and to evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target. METHODS First, we quantified CCL20 levels in peripheral blood and synovial fluid of PsA patients and the presence of CCR6+ cells in synovial and tendon tissue. Utilizing an IL-23 minicircle DNA (MC) mouse model exhibiting key features of both PsO and PsA, we investigated CCR6 and CCL20 expression and the preventive and therapeutical effect of CCL20 blockade. Healthy tendon stromal cells were stimulated in vitro with IL-1β to assess the production of CCL20 by qPCR and ELISA. The effect of conditioned media from stimulated tenocytes in inducing T cell migration was interrogated with a transwell system. RESULTS We observed an upregulation of both CCR6 and CCL20 in the enthesis of IL-23 MC-treated mice, which was confirmed in human biopsies. Specific targeting of the CCR6/CCL20 axis with a CCL20 locked dimer (CCL20LD) blocked entheseal inflammation, leading to profound reductions in clinical and proinflammatory markers in the joints and skin of IL-23 MC-treated mice. The stromal compartment in the tendon was the main source of CCL20 in this model and accordingly, in vitro activated human tendon cells were able to produce this chemokine and to induce CCR6+ T cell migration, the latter of which could be blocked by CCL20LD. CONCLUSIONS Our studies highlight the pathogenic role of CCR6-CCL20 axis in enthesitis and raise the prospect of a novel therapeutic approach for treating patients with PsO and PsA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenrui Shi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Emma Garcia-Melchor
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Xuesong Wu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | - Mimi Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Douglas J Rowland
- Center for Molecular and Genomic Imaging, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Machelle Wilson
- Division of Biostatistics, Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Flavia Sunzini
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Moeed Akbar
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Mindy Huynh
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Timothy Law
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Smriti K Kundu-Raychaudhuri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, CA, USA
| | - Siba P Raychaudhuri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, CA, USA
| | - Brian F Volkman
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA
| | - Neal L Millar
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medicine, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Sam T Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
A summary of the research conducted by the recipients of the 2019 Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) Research Awards is presented. Dr. Alla Ishchenko's project was "Role of Metabolomics in Diagnosis, Disease Severity, and Progression in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: A 2-year Prospective Pilot Study" and Dr. Zhenrui Shi's project was "Preclinical Analysis of CCR6 and CCL20 in Mouse and Human Joints, Respectively, as Targets of Therapeutic Intervention in Psoriatic Arthritis."
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Kavanaugh
- As part of the supplement series GRAPPA 2020, this report was reviewed internally and approved by the Guest Editors for integrity, accuracy, and consistency with scientific and ethical standards. Source of support: GRAPPA. 1A. Kavanaugh, MD, Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA; 2A. Ishchenko, MD, R.J. Lories, MD, PhD, K. de Vlam, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 3Z. Shi, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA and Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; 4S.P. Raychaudhuri, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, USA; 5S.T. Hwang, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California, USA. There are no conflicts of interest for the authors. Address correspondence to Dr. A. Kavanaugh, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-0943, USA.
| | - Alla Ishchenko
- As part of the supplement series GRAPPA 2020, this report was reviewed internally and approved by the Guest Editors for integrity, accuracy, and consistency with scientific and ethical standards. Source of support: GRAPPA. 1A. Kavanaugh, MD, Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA; 2A. Ishchenko, MD, R.J. Lories, MD, PhD, K. de Vlam, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 3Z. Shi, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA and Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; 4S.P. Raychaudhuri, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, USA; 5S.T. Hwang, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California, USA. There are no conflicts of interest for the authors. Address correspondence to Dr. A. Kavanaugh, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-0943, USA.
| | - Rik J Lories
- As part of the supplement series GRAPPA 2020, this report was reviewed internally and approved by the Guest Editors for integrity, accuracy, and consistency with scientific and ethical standards. Source of support: GRAPPA. 1A. Kavanaugh, MD, Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA; 2A. Ishchenko, MD, R.J. Lories, MD, PhD, K. de Vlam, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 3Z. Shi, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA and Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; 4S.P. Raychaudhuri, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, USA; 5S.T. Hwang, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California, USA. There are no conflicts of interest for the authors. Address correspondence to Dr. A. Kavanaugh, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-0943, USA.
| | - Kurt de Vlam
- As part of the supplement series GRAPPA 2020, this report was reviewed internally and approved by the Guest Editors for integrity, accuracy, and consistency with scientific and ethical standards. Source of support: GRAPPA. 1A. Kavanaugh, MD, Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA; 2A. Ishchenko, MD, R.J. Lories, MD, PhD, K. de Vlam, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 3Z. Shi, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA and Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; 4S.P. Raychaudhuri, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, USA; 5S.T. Hwang, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California, USA. There are no conflicts of interest for the authors. Address correspondence to Dr. A. Kavanaugh, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-0943, USA.
| | - Zhenrui Shi
- As part of the supplement series GRAPPA 2020, this report was reviewed internally and approved by the Guest Editors for integrity, accuracy, and consistency with scientific and ethical standards. Source of support: GRAPPA. 1A. Kavanaugh, MD, Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA; 2A. Ishchenko, MD, R.J. Lories, MD, PhD, K. de Vlam, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 3Z. Shi, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA and Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; 4S.P. Raychaudhuri, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, USA; 5S.T. Hwang, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California, USA. There are no conflicts of interest for the authors. Address correspondence to Dr. A. Kavanaugh, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-0943, USA.
| | - Siba P Raychaudhuri
- As part of the supplement series GRAPPA 2020, this report was reviewed internally and approved by the Guest Editors for integrity, accuracy, and consistency with scientific and ethical standards. Source of support: GRAPPA. 1A. Kavanaugh, MD, Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA; 2A. Ishchenko, MD, R.J. Lories, MD, PhD, K. de Vlam, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 3Z. Shi, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA and Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; 4S.P. Raychaudhuri, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, USA; 5S.T. Hwang, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California, USA. There are no conflicts of interest for the authors. Address correspondence to Dr. A. Kavanaugh, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-0943, USA.
| | - Sam T Hwang
- As part of the supplement series GRAPPA 2020, this report was reviewed internally and approved by the Guest Editors for integrity, accuracy, and consistency with scientific and ethical standards. Source of support: GRAPPA. 1A. Kavanaugh, MD, Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA; 2A. Ishchenko, MD, R.J. Lories, MD, PhD, K. de Vlam, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 3Z. Shi, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA and Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; 4S.P. Raychaudhuri, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, USA; 5S.T. Hwang, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California, USA. There are no conflicts of interest for the authors. Address correspondence to Dr. A. Kavanaugh, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037-0943, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu X, Singh R, Hsu DK, Zhou Y, Yu S, Han D, Shi Z, Huynh M, Campbell JJ, Hwang ST. A Small Molecule CCR2 Antagonist Depletes Tumor Macrophages and Synergizes with Anti–PD-1 in a Murine Model of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (CTCL). J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:1390-1400.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
8
|
Anderson LS, Yu S, Rivara KR, Reynolds MB, Hernandez AA, Wu X, Yang HY, Isseroff RR, Miller LS, Hwang ST, Simon SI. CCR6 + γδ T Cells Home to Skin Wounds and Restore Normal Wound Healing in CCR6-Deficient Mice. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:2061-2064.e2. [PMID: 30935975 PMCID: PMC6708754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Chemokine CCL20/immunology
- Chemokine CCL20/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/metabolism
- Receptors, CCR6/genetics
- Receptors, CCR6/immunology
- Receptors, CCR6/metabolism
- Skin/immunology
- Skin/injuries
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/transplantation
- Wound Healing/immunology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leif S Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Sebastian Yu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Kathryn R Rivara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Mack B Reynolds
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Alfredo A Hernandez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Xuesong Wu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Hsin-Ya Yang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Roslyn R Isseroff
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Lloyd S Miller
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sam T Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Scott I Simon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kruglov O, Johnson LD, Uger RA, Wong M, Wu X, Hwang ST, Akilov OE. Anti-CD7 immunotherapy is mediated by cytotoxic CD107a+IFN-γ– NK cells and can be potentiated by interferon-α in cutaneous lymphoma. Eur J Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(19)30600-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
10
|
Wu X, Hsu DK, Wang KH, Huang Y, Mendoza L, Zhou Y, Hwang ST. IL-10 is overexpressed in human cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and is required for maximal tumor growth in a mouse model. Leuk Lymphoma 2018; 60:1244-1252. [PMID: 30277131 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1516037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A crucial question pertains to a role of IL-10 as a tumorigenic factor, or just a marker of advanced disease in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Herein, we measured significantly elevated IL-10 mRNA in a cohort of skin samples of patients with CTCL. Increased IL-10 was also detected in the tumor microenvironment of an established inflammation-dependent murine model of using MBL2 T lymphoma cells. Conditioned media from MBL2 cells was able to stimulate IL-10 production in bone marrow-derived macrophages in an IL-4-dependent manner. Implanted MBL2 T-cell lymphomas in IL-10KO mice were 50% smaller, accompanied by decreased numbers of infiltrating macrophages and reduced efficiency of M2-polarization compared with wild-type mice. With anti-IL-10R mAb treatment, both wild-type tumor-bearing mice and IL-10KO mice exhibited a further growth inhibition. Our data indicate that targeting IL-10 signaling with neutralizing antibodies to IL-10 or its receptor may have a great potential for advanced CTCL therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Wu
- a Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine , University of California Davis , Sacramento , CA , USA
| | - Daniel K Hsu
- a Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine , University of California Davis , Sacramento , CA , USA
| | - Kang-Hsin Wang
- a Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine , University of California Davis , Sacramento , CA , USA
| | - Yuanshen Huang
- b Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada
| | - Lindsay Mendoza
- a Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine , University of California Davis , Sacramento , CA , USA
| | - Youwen Zhou
- b Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Dermatology and Skin Science , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada
| | - Sam T Hwang
- a Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine , University of California Davis , Sacramento , CA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shim JS, Han SH, Jha N, Hwang ST, Ahn W, Lee JY, Ryu JJ. Effect of Irradiance and Exposure Duration on Temperature and Degree of Conversion of Dual-Cure Resin Cement for Ceramic Restorations. Oper Dent 2018; 43:E280-E287. [PMID: 30106334 DOI: 10.2341/17-283-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of irradiance and exposure duration on dual-cured resin cements irradiated through ceramic restorative materials. A single light-curing unit was calibrated to three different irradiances (500, 1000, and 1500 mW/cm2) and irradiated to three different attenuating materials (transparent acryl, lithium disilicate, zirconia) with 1-mm thicknesses for 20 or 60 seconds. The changes in irradiance and temperature were measured with a radiometer (or digital thermometer) under the attenuating materials. The degree of conversion (DC) of dual-cure resin cement after irradiation at different irradiances and exposure durations was measured with Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy. Two-way analysis of variance revealed that irradiance ( p<0.001) and exposure duration ( p<0.001) significantly affected temperature and DC. All groups showed higher DCs with increased exposure times ( p<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences between the groups irradiated with 1000 mW/cm2 and 1500 mW/cm2 ( p>0.05). Higher-intensity irradiances yielded higher temperatures ( p<0.05), but exposure time did not affect temperature when materials were irradiated at 500 mW/cm2 ( p>0.05).
Collapse
|
12
|
Riutta SJ, Larsen O, Getschman AE, Rosenkilde MM, Hwang ST, Volkman BF. Mutational analysis of CCL20 reveals flexibility of N-terminal amino acid composition and length. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:423-434. [DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1vma0218-049r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Riutta
- Department of Biochemistry; Medical College of Wisconsin; Milwaukee Wisconsin USA
| | - Olav Larsen
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; The Panum Institute; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Anthony E. Getschman
- Department of Biochemistry; Medical College of Wisconsin; Milwaukee Wisconsin USA
| | - Mette M. Rosenkilde
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology; Department of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; The Panum Institute; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Sam T. Hwang
- Department of Dermatology; University of California Davis School of Medicine; Sacramento California USA
| | - Brian F. Volkman
- Department of Biochemistry; Medical College of Wisconsin; Milwaukee Wisconsin USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Affiliation(s)
- Chalid Assaf
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy; Skin Cancer Center Charité; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
- Department of Dermatology; HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld; Krefeld Germany
| | - Sam T. Hwang
- Department of Dermatology; University of California Davis; Sacramento CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sam T Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Imai Y, Ayithan N, Wu X, Yuan Y, Wang L, Hwang ST. Cutting Edge: PD-1 Regulates Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasiform Dermatitis through Inhibition of IL-17A Expression by Innate γδ-Low T Cells. J Immunol 2015; 195:421-5. [PMID: 26048148 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) is a key regulatory molecule that has been targeted in human cancers, including melanoma. In clinical testing, Abs against PD-1 have resulted in psoriasiform dermatitis (PsD). To determine whether PD-1 regulates PsD, we compared skin responses of PD-1-deficient (PD-1KO) mice and wild-type (WT) controls in an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced murine model of psoriasis. PD-1KO mice showed severe epidermal hyperplasia, greater neutrophilic infiltration, and higher expression of Th17 cytokines (versus WT mice). IMQ exposure increased PD-1 expression by skin γδ-low (GDL) T cells and enhanced expression of PD-L1 by keratinocytes. Three-fold increases in the percentage of IL-17A(+) GDL T cells were observed in skin cell suspensions derived from IMQ-treated PD-1KO mice (versus WT controls), suggesting that the lack of PD-1 has a functional effect not only on αβ T cells, but also on GDL T cells, and that PD-1 may play a regulatory role in PsD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasutomo Imai
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226; and
| | - Natarajan Ayithan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Xuesong Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226; and
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Sam T Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226; and
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kittipongdaja W, Wu X, Garner J, Liu X, Komas SM, Hwang ST, Schieke SM. Rapamycin Suppresses Tumor Growth and Alters the Metabolic Phenotype in T-Cell Lymphoma. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:2301-2308. [PMID: 25897830 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The mTOR pathway is a master regulator of cellular growth and metabolism. The biosynthetic and energetic demand of rapidly proliferating cells such as cancer cells is met by metabolic adaptations such as an increased glycolytic rate known as the Warburg effect. Herein, we characterize the anti-tumor effect of rapamycin in a mouse model of T-cell lymphoma and examine the metabolic effects in vitro. The murine T-cell lymphoma line, MBL2, and human cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) lines, HH and Hut78, were used in syngeneic or standard NSG mouse models to demonstrate a marked suppression of tumor growth by rapamycin accompanied by inhibition of mTORC1/2. Analysis of the metabolic phenotype showed a substantial reduction in the glycolytic rate and glucose utilization in rapamycin-treated lymphoma cells. This was associated with reduced expression of glucose transporters and glycolytic enzymes in cultured cells and xenograft tumors. As a result of the decrease in glycolytic state, rapamycin-treated cells displayed reduced sensitivity to low-glucose conditions but continued to rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) with sensitivity to inhibition of OXPHOS. Taken together, we demonstrate that rapamycin suppresses growth of T-cell lymphoma tumors and leads to a reduction in aerobic glycolysis counteracting the Warburg effect of cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xuesong Wu
- Departments of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Justine Garner
- Departments of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Xiping Liu
- Departments of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Steven M Komas
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Sam T Hwang
- Departments of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Stefan M Schieke
- Departments of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Takekoshi T, Wu X, Mitsui H, Tada Y, Kao MC, Sato S, Dwinell MB, Hwang ST. CXCR4 negatively regulates keratinocyte proliferation in IL-23-mediated psoriasiform dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 133:2530-2537. [PMID: 23528817 PMCID: PMC3972890 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CXCR4 is expressed by basal keratinocytes (KCs), but little is known about its function in inflamed skin. We crossed K14-Cre and CXCR4(flox/flox (f/f)) transgenic mice, resulting in mice with specific loss of the CXCR4 gene in K14-expressing cells (K14-CXCR4KO), including basal KCs. K14-CXCR4KO pups had no obvious skin defects. We compared K14-CXCR4KO and CXCR4(f/f) control mice in an IL-23-mediated psoriasiform dermatitis model and measured skin edema, and histologic and immunohistological changes. IL-23-treated K14-CXCR4KO mice showed a 1.3-fold increase in mean ear swelling, a 2-fold increase in epidermal thickness, and greater parakeratosis. IL-23-treated wild-type (WT) mice showed weak CXCR4 expression in areas of severe epidermal hyperplasia, but strong CXCR4 expression in nonhyperplastic regions, suggesting that CXCR4 may regulate KC proliferation. To test this hypothesis, we overexpressed CXCR4 in HaCaT KC cells and treated them with IL-22 and/or CXCL12 (chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12). CXCL12 blocked IL-22-mediated HaCaT cell proliferation in vitro and synergized with IL-22 in upregulating SOCS3 (suppressor of cytokine signaling 3), a key regulator of STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3). SOCS3 was required for CXCR4-mediated growth inhibition. In human psoriatic skin, both CXCR4 and SOCS3 were upregulated in the junctional region at the border of psoriatic plaques. Thus, CXCR4 has an unexpected role in inhibiting KC proliferation and mitigating the effects of proliferative T helper type 17 cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Takekoshi
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin and Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xuesong Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin and Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Hiroshi Mitsui
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yayoi Tada
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mandy C Kao
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin and Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Shinichi Sato
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michael B Dwinell
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sam T Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin and Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mabuchi T, Singh TP, Takekoshi T, Jia GF, Wu X, Kao MC, Weiss I, Farber JM, Hwang ST. CCR6 is required for epidermal trafficking of γδ-T cells in an IL-23-induced model of psoriasiform dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 133:164-71. [PMID: 22895364 PMCID: PMC3511632 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2012.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A subset of CC chemokine receptor-6(+) (CCR6(+)), γδ-low (GDL) T cells that express Th17 cytokines in mouse skin participates in IL-23-induced psoriasiform dermatitis. We use CCR6-deficient (knockout, KO) and wild-type (WT) mice to analyze skin trafficking patterns of GDL T cells and function-blocking mAbs to determine the role of CCR6 in IL-23-mediated dermatitis. Herein, CCL20 was highly upregulated in IL-23-injected WT mouse ear skin as early as 24 hours after initial treatment, and large numbers of CCR6(+) cells were observed in the epidermis of IL-23-injected WT mice. Anti-CCL20 mAbs reduced psoriasiform dermatitis and blocked recruitment of GDL T cells to the epidermis. In CCR6 KO mice, GDL T cells failed to accumulate in the epidermis after IL-23 treatment, but the total numbers of GDL T cells in the dermis of WT and CCR6 KO mice were equivalent. There was an ∼70% reduction in the proportion of IL-22(+) GDL T cells in the dermis of CCR6 KO mice (vs WT mice), suggesting that effector function and epidermal recruitment of GDL T cells are impaired in CCR6-deficient mice. Thus, these data show that CCR6 regulates epidermal trafficking of γδ-T-cell subsets in the skin and suggest the potential of CCR6 as a therapeutic target for psoriasis.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Blocking/pharmacology
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Movement/immunology
- Chemokine CCL20/immunology
- Dermatitis/immunology
- Dermatitis/pathology
- Epidermis/drug effects
- Epidermis/immunology
- Epidermis/pathology
- Interleukin-23/adverse effects
- Interleukins/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Psoriasis/chemically induced
- Psoriasis/immunology
- Psoriasis/pathology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/drug effects
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology
- Receptors, CCR6/genetics
- Receptors, CCR6/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- Interleukin-22
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Mabuchi
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53005
| | - Tej Pratap Singh
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Tomonori Takekoshi
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53005
| | - Guang-fu Jia
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53005
| | - Xuesong Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53005
| | - Mandy C. Kao
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53005
| | - Ido Weiss
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Joshua M. Farber
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Sam T. Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53005
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Takekoshi T, Ziarek JJ, Volkman BF, Hwang ST. A locked, dimeric CXCL12 variant effectively inhibits pulmonary metastasis of CXCR4-expressing melanoma cells due to enhanced serum stability. Mol Cancer Ther 2012; 11:2516-25. [PMID: 22869557 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The CXC chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) plays a critical role in cancer by positively regulating cancer cell metastasis and survival. We previously showed that high concentrations of the CXCR4 ligand, wild-type CXCL12 (wtCXCL12), could inhibit colorectal cancer metastasis in vivo, and we have hypothesized that wtCXCL12 dimerizes at high concentration to become a potent antagonist of CXCR4. To address this hypothesis, we engineered a covalently locked, dimeric variant of CXCL12 (CXCL122). Herein, we show that CXCL122 can not only inhibit implantation of lung metastasis of CXCR4-B16-F10 melanoma cells more effectively than AMD3100, but that CXCL122 also blocks the growth of established pulmonary tumors. To identify a basis for the in vivo efficacy of CXCL122, we conducted Western blot analysis and ELISA analyses, which revealed that CXCL122 was stable for at least 12 hours in serum, whereas wtCXCL12 was quickly degraded. CXCL122 also maintained its antagonist properties in in vitro chemotaxis assays for up to 24 hours in serum, whereas wtCXCL12 was ineffective after 6 hours. Heat-inactivation of serum prolonged the stability and function of wtCXCL12 by more than 6 hours, suggesting enzymatic degradation as a possible mechanism for wtCXCL12 inactivation. In vitro analysis of amino-terminal cleavage by enzymes dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPPIV/CD26) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) resulted in 25-fold and 2-fold slower degradation rates, respectively, of CXCL122 compared with wtCXCL12. In summary, our results suggest CXCL122 possesses greater potential as an antimetastatic drug as compared with AMD3100 or wtCXCL12, potentially due to enhanced serum stability in the presence of N-terminal degrading enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Takekoshi
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, FEC 4100, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
The success of the adaptive immune system relies upon the transport of antigens by dendritic cells (DCs) from skin via lymphatic vessels to lymph nodes where DCs present antigen to T cells. Little is known about the requirements for so-called "reverse transmigration" (RT). Torzicky et al. in this issue demonstrate that CD31, CD99, and CXCR4 play key roles in RT, suggesting that adhesion occurs in a defined sequence during the passage of DC into lymphatics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sam T Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mabuchi T, Chang TW, Quinter S, Hwang ST. Chemokine receptors in the pathogenesis and therapy of psoriasis. J Dermatol Sci 2012; 65:4-11. [PMID: 22177422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine receptors are G-protein-coupled, seven-transmembrane-spanning surface receptors that play key roles in cell trafficking, cell motility, and survival. These receptors are activated by small molecular weight chemotactic cytokines called chemokines. Chemokine receptors and their corresponding chemokine ligands play roles in the migration and localization of normal T cells (and other cells) during physiological responses in inflamed or infected skin. In psoriasis, the chemokine receptor CCR6 is expressed on the Th17 cells and γδ T cells, which produce a variety of cytokines (IL17 and IL22 among others), that play a role in the immunological activation. CCR6 and its ligand, CCL20, are highly expressed in psoriatic skin lesion and CCR6 is essential for the development of the psoriasiform phenotype following IL23 injection in mouse skin. In this review, we focus on the roles of chemokine receptors, particularly of CCR6, in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and discuss chemokine receptors as novel therapeutic targets for psoriasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Mabuchi
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mabuchi T, Takekoshi T, Hwang ST. Epidermal CCR6+ γδ T cells are major producers of IL-22 and IL-17 in a murine model of psoriasiform dermatitis. J Immunol 2011; 187:5026-31. [PMID: 21984702 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1101817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cytokine components of Th17 pathway play vital roles in human psoriasis. Although much is known about TCR αβ T cells in psoriasis, the role of unconventional T cells, including γδ T cells, is unclear. In this study, using an IL-23 skin injection model of psoriasiform dermatitis in mice, we demonstrate that IL-22, IL-17A, and the IL-23R were highly enriched in a population of CCR6(+), TCR γδ-low expressing (GDL) T cells that accumulated in the epidermis after IL-23 injections. GDL cells were distinct from resident TCR γδ-high, Vγ3(+),CCR6(-) T cells in the epidermis that did not change appreciably in numbers following IL-23 injection. Large numbers of CCR6(+) cells were detected at or above the level of the epidermal basement membrane by confocal microscopy 5 d after repeated IL-23 injections at the same time GDL cells increased in numbers in the epidermis. TCR δ-deficient mice (lacking γδ T cells) exhibited decreased ear swelling and downregulated expression of IL-22 and IL-17A in the epidermis following IL-23 injection. Our data suggest that a subset of γδ T cells play a critical role in IL-23-mediated psoriasiform dermatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Mabuchi
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Langer HF, Orlova VV, Xie C, Kaul S, Schneider D, Lonsdorf AS, Fahrleitner M, Choi EY, Dutoit V, Pellegrini M, Grossklaus S, Nawroth PP, Baretton G, Santoso S, Hwang ST, Arnold B, Chavakis T. A novel function of junctional adhesion molecule-C in mediating melanoma cell metastasis. Cancer Res 2011; 71:4096-105. [PMID: 21593193 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-2794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hematogenous dissemination of melanoma is a life-threatening complication of this malignant tumor. Here, we identified junctional adhesion molecule-C (JAM-C) as a novel player in melanoma metastasis to the lung. JAM-C expression was identified in human and murine melanoma cell lines, in human malignant melanoma, as well as in metastatic melanoma including melanoma lung metastasis. JAM-C expressed on both murine B16 melanoma cells as well as on endothelial cells promoted the transendothelial migration of the melanoma cells. We generated mice with inactivation of JAM-C. JAM-C(-/-) mice as well as endothelial-specific JAM-C-deficient mice displayed significantly decreased B16 melanoma cell metastasis to the lung, whereas treatment of mice with soluble JAM-C prevented melanoma lung metastasis. Together, JAM-C represents a novel therapeutic target for melanoma metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harald F Langer
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hwang ST, Cho YK, Yun JW, Park JH, Kim HJ, Park DI, Sohn CI, Jeon WK, Kim BI, Rhee EJ, Oh KW, Lee WY, Jin W. Impact of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease on microalbuminuria in patients with prediabetes and diabetes. Intern Med J 2011; 40:437-42. [PMID: 19460054 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2009.01979.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unknown whether microalbuminuria is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). This study investigated the association of NAFLD with microalbuminuria among patients with prediabetes and diabetes. METHODS We evaluated 1361 subjects who had an abnormal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on routine screening. All participants were divided into two groups, prediabetes and newly diagnosed type 2 DM, and the association of NAFLD with metabolic parameters on microalbuminuria was analysed. RESULTS The patients with NAFLD had higher prevalence rates of microalbuminuria (6.3% vs 19%; P = 0.001 in prediabetes, 4.5% vs 32.6%; P < 0.001 in diabetes) and also had a greater albumin-to-creatinine ratio (14.6 +/- 52.0 microg/mg Cr vs 27.7 +/- 63.9 microg/mg Cr; P = 0.051 in prediabetes, 11.4 +/- 21.4 microg/mg Cr vs 44.7 +/- 76.4 microg/mg Cr; P < 0.001 in diabetes) than those without NAFLD. The logistic regression analysis showed that NAFLD was associated with increased rates of microalbuminuria (odds ratio 3.66; 95%confidence interval (CI) 1.31-10.20, P = 0.013 in prediabetes, odds ratio 5.47;95% CI 1.01-29.61, P = 0.048 in diabetes), independently of age, sex, body mass index, waist circumference, liver enzymes, lipid profiles, HbA1c, insulin resistance as estimated by homeostasis model assessment, hypertension,smoking status and the metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study revealed a strong relationship between microalbuminuria and NAFLD in the patients with prediabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes. Further studies are required to confirm whether NAFLD is a predictor of the development of microalbuminuria in patients with prediabetes and diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S T Hwang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul 110-746, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wu X, Takekoshi T, Sullivan A, Hwang ST. Inflammation and tumor microenvironment in lymph node metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2011; 3:927-44. [PMID: 24212647 PMCID: PMC3756397 DOI: 10.3390/cancers3010927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In nearly all human cancers, the presence of lymph node (LN) metastasis increases clinical staging and portends worse prognosis (compared to patients without LN metastasis). Herein, principally reviewing experimental and clinical data related to malignant melanoma, we discuss diverse factors that are mechanistically involved in LN metastasis. We highlight recent data that link tumor microenvironment, including inflammation (at the cellular and cytokine levels) and tumor-induced lymphangiogenesis, with nodal metastasis. Many of the newly identified genes that appear to influence LN metastasis facilitate general motility, chemotactic, or invasive properties that also increase the ability of cancer cells to disseminate and survive at distant organ sites. These new biomarkers will help predict clinical outcome and point to novel future therapies in metastatic melanoma as well as other cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Abstract
The chemokine receptors are seven transmembrane, G-protein-coupled surface receptors that play key roles in the migration and localization of leukocytes to the skin during physiologic and inflammatory states. Their ligands, chemokines, are small secreted proteins that initiate leukocyte chemoattraction. Recent data indicate that known subsets of T helper (Th) cells express signature chemokine receptors (e.g., CXCR3, CCR3/4, and CCR6) that help to define individual subsets such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, respectively, although there is some degree of overlap among these T-cell subsets. In this issue, Lehtimäki et al. use an oxazolone-induced contact hypersensitivity (CHS) model to show that T cells (as well as neutrophils and eosinophils) from CCR4(-/-) mice accumulate just as (if not more) efficiently in inflamed skin as compared with the same population of leukocytes from wild-type (WT) mice. Although somewhat unexpected, their results can be explained if CCR4 attracts both proinflammatory and suppressive T cells into skin in addition to serving functions that are partially redundant with those of CCR10. Finally, we discuss other possible roles for CCR4 in the homing of T cells to skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Sells
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin and Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD Psoriasis is a common, chronic autoimmune disease of the skin. Despite a number of effective treatments, new therapies are needed with enhanced efficacy, safety and convenience. Chemokine receptors are GPCRs that control leukocyte trafficking, and like other GPCRs, are good potential drug targets. The chemokine receptor CCR6 is expressed on the T(H)17 subset of CD4(+) T cells, which produces IL-17A/F, IL-22, TNF-alpha and other cytokines, and which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. CCR6 and its ligand, CCL20/MIP-3alpha, are highly expressed in psoriatic skin and CCR6 is necessary for the pathology induced in a mouse model of psoriasis-like inflammation. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW This review summarizes the evidence for the importance of the IL-23/T(H)17 axis, and in particular CCR6 and CCL20 in psoriasis, dating from 2000 to the present, and discusses the possibility of inhibiting CCR6 as a treatment for the disease. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN The review informs the reader of the current thinking on the mechanisms of inflammation in psoriasis and the possible roles for CCR6 (and CCL20) in disease pathogenesis. TAKE HOME MESSAGE We conclude that CCR6 should be investigated as a potential therapeutic target in psoriasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael N. Hedrick
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Anke S. Lonsdorf
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sam T. Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Froedtert Clinic East, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Joshua M. Farber
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hedrick MN, Lonsdorf AS, Shirakawa AK, Lee CCR, Liao F, Singh SP, Zhang HH, Grinberg A, Love PE, Hwang ST, Farber JM. CCR6 is required for IL-23-induced psoriasis-like inflammation in mice. J Clin Invest 2009; 119:2317-29. [PMID: 19662682 PMCID: PMC2719919 DOI: 10.1172/jci37378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2008] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disorder, but the mechanisms of pathogenesis are still poorly understood. IL-23 is expressed in psoriatic skin, and IL-23 injection produces IL-22-dependent psoriasiform changes in mouse skin. Th17 cells produce IL-22 and display CCR6, the CCL20 receptor; CCR6+ T cells and CCL20 are abundant in psoriatic skin. We investigated a possible role for CCR6 in recruiting Th17 cells and producing psoriasiform pathology by injecting IL-23 into the skin of WT and Ccr6-/- mice. Unlike for WT mice, IL-23-injected ears of Ccr6-/- mice showed neither substantial epidermal/dermal changes nor increased Il22 mRNA expression. However, injection of IL-22 yielded equivalent psoriasiform changes in WT and Ccr6-/- mice. Surprisingly, IL-23-injected ears of WT and Ccr6-/- mice contained similar numbers of Th cells able to make IL-17A and/or IL-22. Furthermore, in ears of Rag1-/- mice, IL-23 initially induced skin changes and levels of Il22 mRNA that were indistinguishable from WT mice, revealing at least one non-T cell source for IL-22. We conclude that CCR6 is essential in a model of IL-23-induced, IL-22-mediated dermatitis, which develops in sequential T cell-independent and T cell-dependent phases. These findings reveal an expanded role for CCR6 in IL-23-related responses and identify CCR6 as a potential therapeutic target in psoriasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael N. Hedrick
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and
Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, and
Laboratory of Mammalian Genes and Development, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Anke S. Lonsdorf
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and
Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, and
Laboratory of Mammalian Genes and Development, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Aiko-Konno Shirakawa
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and
Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, and
Laboratory of Mammalian Genes and Development, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chyi-Chia Richard Lee
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and
Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, and
Laboratory of Mammalian Genes and Development, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Fang Liao
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and
Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, and
Laboratory of Mammalian Genes and Development, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Satya P. Singh
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and
Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, and
Laboratory of Mammalian Genes and Development, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hongwei H. Zhang
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and
Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, and
Laboratory of Mammalian Genes and Development, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexander Grinberg
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and
Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, and
Laboratory of Mammalian Genes and Development, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Paul E. Love
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and
Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, and
Laboratory of Mammalian Genes and Development, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sam T. Hwang
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and
Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, and
Laboratory of Mammalian Genes and Development, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshua M. Farber
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and
Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, and
Laboratory of Mammalian Genes and Development, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
The chemokine/chemokine receptor network is an integral element of the complex system of homeostasis and immunosurveillance. Initially studied because of their role in coordinating tissue-specific migration and activation of leucocytes, chemokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various malignancies and diseases with strong inflammatory components. We discuss recent findings suggesting a critical involvement of chemokine receptor interactions in the immunopathogenesis of classical inflammatory skin disorders such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, as well as neoplastic diseases with a T-cell origin, such as mycosis fungoides. A deeper understanding of the underlying contribution of the chemokine network in the disease processes is key for the development of selective targeted immunotherapeutics that may meet the delicate balance between efficacy and safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anke S Lonsdorf
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
McDermott DF, Gammon B, Snijders PJ, Mbata I, Phifer B, Howland Hartley A, Lee CCR, Murphy PM, Hwang ST. Autosomal dominant epidermodysplasia verruciformis lacking a known EVER1 or EVER2 mutation. Pediatr Dermatol 2009; 26:306-10. [PMID: 19706093 PMCID: PMC3398466 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.2008.00853.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Epidermodysplasia verruciformis is a rare genodermatosis characterized by abnormal susceptibility to infection with specific human papillomavirus serotypes. Epidermodysplasia verruciformis is a genetically heterogeneous disease, and autosomal recessive and X-linked inheritance patterns have been reported. Nonsense mutations in the genes EVER1 and EVER2 have been identified in over 75% of cases. We present epidermodysplasia verruciformis in a father and a son with typical histologic and clinical findings that occur in the absence of mutations in EVER1 or EVER2. Epidermodysplasia verruciformis in this father/son pair in a nonconsanguinous pedigree is consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance. This is the first report of autosomal dominant transmission of epidermodysplasia verruciformis, providing further evidence of the genetic heterogeneity of epidermodysplasia verruciformis.
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Tumor cell-associated chemokine receptors play distinct roles in cancer biology, including enhancement of lymph node (LN) metastasis. To determine if CCR7 influences tumor formation in skin, we inoculated B16 cells transduced with CCR7 and luciferase (CCR7-luc-B16) or with retroviral vector and luciferase (pLNCX2-luc-B16) into ear skin and footpads of wild-type (WT) mice. In contrast to pLNCX2-luc-B16 cells, 97% of CCR7-luc-B16 cell-inoculated mice formed skin tumors as well as cervical LN metastases by Day 21 following ear inoculation. CCR7-expressing and control B16 cells, however, formed tumors of similar size and with high-efficiency in SCID-beige mice. Cells from both lines accumulated in the skin of WT mice in similar numbers until Day 7. By Day 11, however, control cells decreased tenfold, whereas CCR7-luc-B16 cells formed small tumor nodules. Tumor cells were infrequently detected in draining cervical LNs up to 11 days after injection of both cell lines, but stable nodal metastases were only observed after CCR7-luc-B16 ear tumors had been established (Day 21). ELISPOT assays revealed that IFN--producing cells in draining LNs from CCR7-luc-B16-injected ears were reduced through Day 7. After footpad injection, tumor formation by CCR7-expressing B16 cells was enhanced only with small, initial tumor cell inocula. With larger inocula, tumor formation was equivalent, but the numbers of tumor-infiltrating leukocytes were reduced by approximately sixfold in CCR7-B16 tumors compared with pLNCX2-B16 tumors of equal size. IFN- and CXCL10 were reduced 35- and sixfold, respectively, in CCR7-B16 cell tumors (vs. control tumors). Thus, CCR7 expression enhances tumorigenesis in addition to facilitating LN metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fang
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Immunotherapy for melanoma has undergone significant change since the first attempts to treat patients with high dose IL-2. Herein, strategies to boost patient antitumor immunity through vaccination, treatment with agents that augment host immunity, and adoptive cell transfer will be discussed. The first two strategies have yielded only limited clinical success, but adoptive cell transfer therapy, particularly following a lymphodepleting, preconditioning regimen has resulted in objective response rates approaching 50%. For a number of reasons, lymphodepletion appears to be critical for maintenance of circulating antitumor T cells following adoptive cell transfer. Balancing antitumor efficacy, autoimmunity, and reconstitution of a functioning immune system remain challenging and potentially life-threatening issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fang
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Anke S Lonsdorf
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sam T Hwang
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Huang V, Lonsdorf AS, Fang L, Kakinuma T, Lee VC, Cha E, Zhang H, Nagao K, Zaleska M, Olszewski WL, Hwang ST. Cutting edge: rapid accumulation of epidermal CCL27 in skin-draining lymph nodes following topical application of a contact sensitizer recruits CCR10-expressing T cells. J Immunol 2008; 180:6462-6. [PMID: 18453562 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.10.6462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CC chemokine receptor 10 and its ligand, CCL27, are important components of T cell-mediated cutaneous immunity, but whether they influence lymph node (LN) homing by T cells is unknown. In this study, CCL27 protein was detected in skin-draining LN by Western blotting and ELISA although CCL27 mRNA transcripts were low. CCL27 protein was present at higher levels in skin-draining LN compared with gut-draining LN and spleen. A single topical treatment of mouse skin with the contact sensitizer 2,4-dinitro-1-fluorobenzene (DNFB) resulted in a 13-fold increase in CCL27 protein accumulation in skin-draining LN within 1 h and a 5-fold elevation in CCR10 mRNA (normalized to the T cell marker CD2) within 6 h. DNFB treatment also resulted in rapid depletion of approximately 75% of CCL27 from the epidermis. In summary, we describe a novel mechanism for the recruitment of CCR10-positive T cells to skin-draining LN following the rapid release of preformed CCL27 from the epidermis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Huang
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome are the most common of the cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, which are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that affect the skin as a primary site. Although the aetiologies of mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome are unknown, important insights have been gained in the immunological and genetic perturbations that are associated with these diseases. Unlike some B-cell lymphomas, cutaneous T-cell lymphomas as a group are rarely if ever curable and hence need chronic-disease management. New approaches to treatments are being investigated and include biological and cytotoxic drugs, phototherapy, and monoclonal antibodies that are directed towards novel molecular targets. New molecular technologies such as complementary-DNA microarray have the potential to increase the accuracy of diagnosis and provide important prognostic information. Treatments can be combined to greatly improve clinical outcome without substantially increasing toxic effects in advanced disease that is otherwise difficult to treat. Although present treatment strategies are generally not curative, there is hope that experimental treatments, particularly immunotherapy, might eventually reverse or suppress the abnormalities of mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome to the point at which they become non-life-threatening, chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sam T Hwang
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Liu C, Shea N, Rucker S, Harvey L, Russo P, Saul R, Lopez MF, Mikulskis A, Kuzdzal S, Golenko E, Fishman D, Vonderheid E, Booher S, Cowen EW, Hwang ST, Whiteley GR. Proteomic patterns for classification of ovarian cancer and CTCL serum samples utilizing peak pairs indicative of post-translational modifications. Proteomics 2007; 7:4045-52. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200601044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
37
|
Cowen EW, Liu CW, Steinberg SM, Kang S, Vonderheid EC, Kwak HS, Booher S, Petricoin EF, Liotta LA, Whiteley G, Hwang ST. Differentiation of tumour-stage mycosis fungoides, psoriasis vulgaris and normal controls in a pilot study using serum proteomic analysis. Br J Dermatol 2007; 157:946-53. [PMID: 17854367 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08185.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum proteomic analysis is an analytical technique utilizing high-throughput mass spectrometry (MS) in order to assay thousands of serum proteins simultaneously. The resultant 'proteomic signature' has been used to differentiate benign and malignant diseases, enable disease prognosis, and monitor response to therapy. OBJECTIVES This pilot study was designed to determine if serum protein patterns could be used to distinguish patients with tumour-stage mycosis fungoides (MF) from patients with a benign inflammatory skin condition (psoriasis) and/or subjects with healthy skin. METHODS Serum was analysed from 45 patients with tumour-stage MF, 56 patients with psoriasis, and 47 controls using two MS platforms of differing resolution. An artificial intelligence-based classification model was constructed to predict the presence of the disease state based on the serum proteomic signature. RESULTS Based on data from an independent testing set (14-16 subjects in each group), MF was distinguished from psoriasis with 78.6% (or 78.6%) sensitivity and 86.7% (or 93.8%) specificity, while sera from patients with psoriasis were distinguished from those of nonaffected controls with 86.7% (or 93.8%) sensitivity and 75.0% (or 76.9%) specificity (depending on the MS platform used). MF was distinguished from unaffected controls with 61.5% (or 71.4%) sensitivity and 91.7% (or 92.9%) specificity. In addition, a secondary survival analysis using 11 MS peaks identified significant survival differences between two MF groups (all P-values <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Serum proteomics should be further investigated for its potential to identify patients with neoplastic skin disease and its ability to determine disease prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E W Cowen
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kakinuma T, Nadiminti H, Lonsdorf AS, Murakami T, Perez BA, Kobayashi H, Finkelstein SE, Pothiawala G, Belkaid Y, Hwang ST. Small numbers of residual tumor cells at the site of primary inoculation are critical for anti-tumor immunity following challenge at a secondary location. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2007; 56:1119-31. [PMID: 17139493 PMCID: PMC11030899 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-006-0253-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2006] [Accepted: 11/01/2006] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Luciferase-transduced B16 murine melanoma cells (luc-B16) inoculated in ear skin do not form tumors but prevent tumor formation by luc-B16 cells injected into the footpad. To determine the requirements for such immunity, we followed the fate of luc-B16 cells following ear injection. Surprisingly, small numbers of viable luc-B16 cells were detected in tumor-free mouse skin for up to 60 days post-inoculation. After 1 week, the number of Foxp3(+)CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells (along with foxp3 mRNA expression) increased rapidly in the injected ear skin. Residual tumor cells in ears were reduced in mice treated with anti-CD25 mAb and in CD4-deficient mice, but increased in CD8-deficient mice. Strikingly, the loss of luc-B16 cells in the ear skin, either spontaneously or following amputation of the injected ear, resulted in significantly enhanced tumor formation by parental and luciferase-expressing B16 cells after footpad injection. These studies suggest that small numbers of tumor cells (possibly regulated by CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells expressing Foxp3) are required for effective host anti-tumor responses at alternate inoculation sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kakinuma
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bldg 10/Rm12N246, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892-1908 USA
| | - Hari Nadiminti
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bldg 10/Rm12N246, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892-1908 USA
| | - Anke S. Lonsdorf
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bldg 10/Rm12N246, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892-1908 USA
| | - Takashi Murakami
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bldg 10/Rm12N246, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892-1908 USA
| | - Bradford A. Perez
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bldg 10/Rm12N246, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892-1908 USA
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Metabolism Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | | | | | - Yasmine Belkaid
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Sam T. Hwang
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Bldg 10/Rm12N246, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892-1908 USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lee CH, Kakinuma T, Wang J, Zhang H, Palmer DC, Restifo NP, Hwang ST. Sensitization of B16 tumor cells with a CXCR4 antagonist increases the efficacy of immunotherapy for established lung metastases. Mol Cancer Ther 2007; 5:2592-9. [PMID: 17041104 PMCID: PMC2228334 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-06-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 by tumor cells promotes metastasis, possibly by activating prosurvival signals that render cancer cells resistant to immune attack. Inhibition of CXCR4 with a peptide antagonist, T22, blocks metastatic implantation of CXCR4-transduced B16 (CXCR4-luc-B16) melanoma cells in lung, but not the outgrowth of established metastases, raising the question of how T22 can best be used in a clinical setting. Herein, whereas the treatment of CXCR4-luc-B16 cells in vitro with the CXCR4 ligand CXCL12 did not reduce killing induced by cisplatin or cyclophosphamide, CXCL12 markedly reduced Fas-dependent killing by gp100-specific (pmel-1) CD8(+) T cells. T22 pretreatment restored sensitivity of CXCR4-luc-B16 cells to pmel-1 killing, even in the presence of CXCL12. Two immune-augmenting regimens were used in combination with T22 to treat experimental lung metastases. First, low-dose cyclophosphamide treatment (100 mg/kg) on day 5 in combination with T22 (days 4-7) yielded a approximately 70% reduction of B16 metastatic tumor burden in the lungs compared with cyclophosphamide treatment alone (P < 0.001). Furthermore, whereas anti-CTL antigen 4 (CTLA4) monoclonal antibody (mAb; or T22 treatment) alone had little effect on established B16 metastases, pretreatment with T22 (in combination with anti-CTLA4 mAb) resulted in a 50% reduction in lung tumor burden (P = 0.02). Thus, in vitro, CXCR4 antagonism with T22 renders B16 cells susceptible to killing by antigen-specific T cells. In vivo, T22 synergizes with cyclophosphamide or anti-CTLA4 mAb in the treatment of established lung metastases, suggesting a novel strategy for augmenting the efficacy of immunotherapy.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Chemokine CXCL12
- Chemokines, CXC/pharmacology
- Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Drug Synergism
- Female
- Humans
- Immunotherapy
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/secondary
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/secondary
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, SCID
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Peptides/administration & dosage
- Peptides/pharmacology
- Peptides/therapeutic use
- Receptors, CXCR4/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, CXCR4/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR4/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-hung Lee
- Dermatology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Takashi Kakinuma
- Dermatology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Julia Wang
- Dermatology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hong Zhang
- Dermatology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Douglas C. Palmer
- Surgery Branches, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nicholas P. Restifo
- Surgery Branches, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sam T. Hwang
- Dermatology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sugaya M, Fang L, Cardones AR, Kakinuma T, Jaber SH, Blauvelt A, Hwang ST. Oncostatin M Enhances CCL21 Expression by Microvascular Endothelial Cells and Increases the Efficiency of Dendritic Cell Trafficking to Lymph Nodes. J Immunol 2006; 177:7665-72. [PMID: 17114436 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.11.7665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CCL21, a lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC)-derived chemokine, and its receptor CCR7 regulate dendritic cell (DC) trafficking to lymph nodes (LN), but it is unclear how CCL21 expression is regulated. Oncostatin M (OSM) is an IL-6-like cytokine synthesized by activated DC and other leukocytes. In vitro, OSM (but not TNF-alpha) stimulated CCL21 mRNA and protein expression by human dermal microvascular EC (DMEC) in an ERK1/2-dependent fashion. Conditioned medium from OSM-treated DMEC stimulated CCL21-dependent chemotaxis of mouse bone marrow-derived DC (BMDC). Cultured BMDC expressed OSM, which was increased with the addition of LPS. Topical application of the contact-sensitizing hapten, trinitrochlorobenzene, resulted in enhanced OSM expression in the skin, whereas cutaneous injection of TNF-alpha did not. Injection of OSM into the footpad increased CCL21 mRNA expression in the draining LN by approximately 10-fold and in mouse skin by approximately 4-fold without increasing CCR7 mRNA. In vitro, OSM increased the permeability of DMEC and lung microvascular EC monolayers to FITC-dextran beads, and, in vivo, it enhanced accumulation of Evans blue dye in draining LN by approximately 3-fold (p = 0.0291). Of note, OSM increased trafficking of BMDC injected in footpads to draining LN by 2-fold (p = 0.016). In summary, OSM up-regulates CCL21 expression in skin and draining regional LN. We propose that OSM is a regulator of CCL21 expression and endothelial permeability in skin, contributing to efficient migration of DC to regional LN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Sugaya
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Grover A, Kim GJ, Lizée G, Tschoi M, Wang G, Wunderlich JR, Rosenberg SA, Hwang ST, Hwu P. Intralymphatic dendritic cell vaccination induces tumor antigen-specific, skin-homing T lymphocytes. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12:5801-8. [PMID: 17020987 PMCID: PMC2174601 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-2421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The identification of tumor antigens recognized by cytotoxic and T helper lymphocytes has led to the development of specific cancer vaccines. Immunization with tumor antigen-pulsed dendritic cells has proved effective at eliciting elevated levels of tumor antigen-specific T cells in patient blood, but objective clinical responses remain rare, suggesting that vaccine-induced T cells are not trafficking optimally to site(s) of tumor burden. Accumulating evidence from animal models suggests that route of immunization can have a substantial influence on the subsequent migration of primed, activated T cells in vivo. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In a clinical trial designed to elicit more effective cytotoxic T-cell mediated antitumor responses, metastatic melanoma patients were immunized directly via a peripheral intralymphatic route with autologous dendritic cells pulsed with HLA-A*0201-restricted melanoma-associated peptide antigens derived from MART-1 and gp100. RESULTS Within 10 days of intralymphatic dendritic cell vaccination, four of six patients developed dramatic and diffuse erythematous rashes in sun-exposed areas of skin that showed extensive T-cell infiltration. CTLs grown from rash biopsies were strongly enriched for tumor antigen-specific T cells that had elevated expression of cutaneous lymphocyte antigen and chemokine receptor-6, consistent with a skin-homing phenotype. Of note, the only patient in the study with cutaneously localized disease showed a significant regression of metastatic lesions following the development of a surrounding rash. CONCLUSIONS The evidence presented here is consistent with immunization studies in animal models and supports the concept that T cells are "imprinted" in peripheral lymph node sites to express specific ligands and chemokine receptors that allow them to migrate to skin. Furthermore, the preferential migration of the T cells to sun-exposed cutaneous sites suggests that inflammation plays a critical role in this migration. These observations suggest that further study of the effects of immunization route and inflammation on T-cell migration in humans is warranted, and could lead to vaccination approaches that would more reliably direct trafficking of activated T cells to diverse sites of metastatic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Grover
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Grace J. Kim
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Gregory Lizée
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mary Tschoi
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | - Sam T. Hwang
- Dermatology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Patrick Hwu
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
It is clear from large clinical studies that selected chemokine receptors are often up-regulated in a large number of common human cancers, including those of the breast, lung, prostate, colon, and melanoma. Chemokine receptors and their corresponding chemokine ligands have been demonstrated to play a number of nonredundant roles in cancer metastasis to vital organs as well as regional lymph nodes, the most frequent site of cancer metastasis. Chemokine receptors may potentially facilitate tumor dissemination at several key steps of metastasis, including adherence of tumor cells to endothelium, extravasation from blood vessels, metastatic colonization, angiogenesis, proliferation, and protection from the host response via activation of key survival pathways such as phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase and Akt. It is interesting that many of these roles are reminiscent of their functions in leukocyte and stem cell trafficking. Lastly, we discuss therapeutic applications for chemokine receptor antagonists in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kakinuma
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bldg. 10/Rm. 12N238, 10 Center Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Jaber SH, Cowen EW, Haworth LR, Booher SL, Berman DM, Rosenberg SA, Hwang ST. Skin Reactions in a Subset of Patients With Stage IV Melanoma Treated With Anti–Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 Monoclonal Antibody as a Single Agent. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 142:166-72. [PMID: 16490844 DOI: 10.1001/archderm.142.2.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and histologic manifestations of skin reactions incidentally noted in patients with stage IV melanoma who were treated with up to 9 mg/kg of a humanized monoclonal antibody reactive against human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (anti-CTLA-4) as a single agent every 3 weeks. SETTING Single-institution prospective study. DESIGN Patients treated with anti-CTLA-4 as a sole agent were prospectively referred for clinicopathologic characterization of skin reactions occurring during treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Specific clinicopathologic features were determined by means of a detailed history, a physical examination, conventional histologic analysis, antibody staining, and complete blood cell counts. RESULTS Nine (14%) of 63 consecutive patients treated with anti-CTLA-4 as a sole agent developed skin eruptions that were attributed to anti-CTLA-4 in 8 of them. Skin lesions consisted primarily of discrete, pruritic, erythematous, minimally scaly papules that typically coalesced into thin plaques on the trunk and extensor surfaces of the extremities. Extensive alopecia was also noted in 1 patient. Histologically, a superficial, perivascular CD4+-predominant T-cell infiltrate with eosinophils in the dermis, rare dyskeratotic cells, and mild epidermal spongiosis were present. An increase (compared with pretreatment values) in the peripheral blood eosinophil frequency was observed in patients at the time of skin eruptions (P = .006). CONCLUSIONS Specific features of the skin eruption dermatitis with increased tissue and peripheral blood eosinophil levels in a subset of treated patients. Specific features of skin eruption associated with anti-CTLA-4 resemble those described for maculopapular reactions to medications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samer H Jaber
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-1908, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cardones AR, Leitner WW, Fang L, Murakami T, Kapoor V, Udey MC, Hwang ST. Genetic immunization with LYVE-1 cDNA yields function-blocking antibodies against native protein. Microvasc Res 2006; 71:32-9. [PMID: 16257423 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2005.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2005] [Revised: 09/22/2005] [Accepted: 09/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
LYVE-1 is a surface bound hyaluronic acid (HA) receptor that is preferentially expressed by lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC). cDNA encoding full-length human LYVE-1 was coated onto gold particles that were then delivered via helium-assisted jet propulsion (gene gun) into the skin of Balb/C mice. LYVE-1 antisera, but not control pre-immune sera, recognized LYVE-1-transfected 293T cells by flow cytometry. While 40-70% of cultured human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC) were positive for LYVE-1 staining, human lung microvascular endothelial cells (LMEC) were negative. LYVE-1 antisera was used to effectively separate HMEC into LYVE-1 (hi) and LYVE-1(lo) populations that were enriched or depleted, respectively, for podoplanin, another LEC marker. By immunohistochemistry, LYVE-1 antisera detected CD31(lo) podoplanin(hi) lymphatic channels in normal and psoriatic human skin as well as in human tonsil. LYVE-1 antisera also blocked binding of FITC-labeled HA to HMEC (but not LMEC), demonstrating that these antibodies recognized regions of LYVE-1 required for HA binding. In summary, gene gun-assisted delivery of cDNA encoding LYVE-1 into skin resulted in reliable production of antisera that specifically and functionally recognized native LYVE-1 protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adela R Cardones
- Dermatology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 12N258, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mark HK, Ho NS, Tse CCW, Tang LF, Hwang ST. Recurrent lower limb embolism from thoracic aortic mural thrombus: a rare presentation of occult malignancy. Hong Kong Med J 2005; 11:503-6. [PMID: 16340028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Initial presentation of a malignant disease as recurrent attacks of lower limb ischaemia due to emboli from a mural thrombus in the descending thoracic aorta is extremely rare. A diagnosis of malignancy may thus easily be overlooked. Recent advances in imaging technology have made the diagnosis of thoracic aortic mural thrombi much easier. Occult malignancy should always be suspected in the absence of biochemical evidence of hypercoagulability. We report on a patient with underlying malignant disease who presented with lower limb ischaemia that was relieved by axillobifemoral bypass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H K Mark
- Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Hong Kong.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Six patients with lymphomatoid papulosis demonstrated a clonal T-cell population in skin lesions by polymerase chain reaction methods. Two of these patients showed identical T-cell clones in their peripheral blood T cells as well. In one case, the clone persisted in the blood despite clearing of skin lesions with methotrexate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie C Schultz
- Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Klebanoff CA, Gattinoni L, Torabi-Parizi P, Kerstann K, Cardones AR, Finkelstein SE, Palmer DC, Antony PA, Hwang ST, Rosenberg SA, Waldmann TA, Restifo NP. Central memory self/tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells confer superior antitumor immunity compared with effector memory T cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:9571-6. [PMID: 15980149 PMCID: PMC1172264 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0503726102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 699] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Central memory CD8+ T cells (T(CM)) and effector memory CD8+ T cells (T(EM)) are found in humans and mice; however, their relative contributions to host immunity have only recently been examined in vivo. Further, the ability of T(CM) to treat an established tumor or infection has yet to be evaluated. To address the therapeutic potential of different tumor-reactive CD8+ T cell memory subsets, we used an established model for the in vitro generation of T(CM) and T(EM) by using IL-15 and IL-2, respectively. Adoptively transferred T(CM) exhibited a potent in vivo recall response when combined with tumor-antigen vaccination and exogenous IL-2, leading to the eradication of large established tumors. By contrast, T(EM) were far less effective on a per-cell basis. Microarray analysis revealed that the signature of highly in vivo effective antitumor T cells included the overexpression of genes responsible for trafficking to secondary lymphoid tissues. This gene expression profile correctly predicted the in vitro and in vivo lymphoid-homing attributes of tumor-reactive T cells. Furthermore, we found that homing to secondary lymphoid tissue is required for optimal tumor treatment. Our findings indicated that highly in vivo effective antitumor T cells were those that initially targeted secondary lymphoid tissue, rather than tumor sites, as had previously been postulated. Thus, tumor-reactive CD8+ T cell populations with the phenotypic and functional attributes of T(CM) may be superior to T(EM)/effector T cells for adoptive immunotherapies using concomitant tumor-antigen vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Klebanoff
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Institutes of Health Research Scholars Program, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the end result of a complex series of biologic events that leads to the formation of clinically significant secondary tumors at distant sites. The sites of distant metastasis are not random since certain tumors show a tendency to develop metastases in specific organs. Human melanoma, for example, demonstrates frequent metastasis to brain, lungs, lymph nodes, and skin. Herein, we review the evidence that suggests that a limited number of chemokine receptors may play critical roles in determining organ-selective metastasis in melanoma by regulating diverse processes such as chemoattraction, adhesion, and survival. In particular, we describe roles for CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) in lymph node metastasis, CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in pulmonary metastasis, and CCR10 in skin metastasis, using a mouse model of melanoma. Preliminary evidence in this preclinical model suggests that inhibiting the function of these receptors may decrease the ability of cancer cells to disseminate to other sites and/or block their ability to survive and form tumors. Therefore, manipulation of the chemokine network could have therapeutic potential in human malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Murakami
- Division of Organ Replacement Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
|