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Guo Y, Remaily BC, Thomas J, Kim K, Kulp SK, Mace TA, Ganesan LP, Owen DH, Coss CC, Phelps MA. Antibody Drug Clearance: An Underexplored Marker of Outcomes with Checkpoint Inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:942-958. [PMID: 37921739 PMCID: PMC10922515 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-1683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has dramatically changed the clinical landscape for several cancers, and ICI use continues to expand across many cancer types. Low baseline clearance (CL) and/or a large reduction of CL during treatment correlates with better clinical response and longer survival. Similar phenomena have also been reported with other monoclonal antibodies (mAb) in cancer and other diseases, highlighting a characteristic of mAb clinical pharmacology that is potentially shared among various mAbs and diseases. Though tempting to attribute poor outcomes to low drug exposure and arguably low target engagement due to high CL, such speculation is not supported by the relatively flat exposure-response relationship of most ICIs, where a higher dose or exposure is not likely to provide additional benefit. Instead, an elevated and/or increasing CL could be a surrogate marker of the inherent resistant phenotype that cannot be reversed by maximizing drug exposure. The mechanisms connecting ICI clearance, therapeutic efficacy, and resistance are unclear and likely to be multifactorial. Therefore, to explore the potential of ICI CL as an early marker for efficacy, this review highlights the similarities and differences of CL characteristics and CL-response relationships for all FDA-approved ICIs, and we compare and contrast these to selected non-ICI mAbs. We also discuss underlying mechanisms that potentially link mAb CL with efficacy and highlight existing knowledge gaps and future directions where more clinical and preclinical investigations are warranted to clearly understand the value of baseline and/or time-varying CL in predicting response to ICI-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhen Guo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Bryan C. Remaily
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Justin Thomas
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Kyeongmin Kim
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Samuel K. Kulp
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Thomas A. Mace
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Division of Nephrology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Latha P. Ganesan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Division of Nephrology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Dwight H. Owen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Christopher C. Coss
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Mitch A. Phelps
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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Vu TT, Kim K, Manna M, Thomas J, Remaily BC, Montgomery EJ, Costa T, Granchie L, Xie Z, Guo Y, Chen M, Castillo AMM, Kulp SK, Mo X, Nimmagadda S, Gregorevic P, Owen DH, Ganesan LP, Mace TA, Coss CC, Phelps MA. Decoupling FcRn and tumor contributions to elevated immune checkpoint inhibitor clearance in cancer cachexia. Pharmacol Res 2024; 199:107048. [PMID: 38145833 PMCID: PMC10798214 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
High baseline clearance of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), independent of dose or systemic exposure, is associated with cachexia and poor outcomes in cancer patients. Mechanisms linking ICI clearance, cachexia and ICI therapy failure are unknown. Here, we evaluate in four murine models and across multiple antibodies whether altered baseline catabolic clearance of administered antibody requires a tumor and/or cachexia and whether medical reversal of cachexia phenotype can alleviate altered clearance. Key findings include mild cachexia phenotype and lack of elevated pembrolizumab clearance in the MC38 tumor-bearing model. We also observed severe cachexia and decreased, instead of increased, baseline pembrolizumab clearance in the tumor-free cisplatin-induced cachexia model. Liver Fcgrt expression correlated with altered baseline catabolic clearance, though elevated clearance was still observed with antibodies having no (human IgA) or reduced (human H310Q IgG1) FcRn binding. We conclude cachexia phenotype coincides with altered antibody clearance, though tumor presence is neither sufficient nor necessary for altered clearance in immunocompetent mice. Magnitude and direction of clearance alteration correlated with hepatic Fcgrt, suggesting changes in FcRn expression and/or recycling function may be partially responsible, though factors beyond FcRn also contribute to altered clearance in cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang T Vu
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kyeongmin Kim
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Millennium Manna
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Justin Thomas
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bryan C Remaily
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Emma J Montgomery
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Travis Costa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lauren Granchie
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zhiliang Xie
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yizhen Guo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Min Chen
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alyssa Marie M Castillo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Center for Biostatistics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, OSUCCC - James, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH , USA
| | - Sridhar Nimmagadda
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul Gregorevic
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology and Centre for Muscle Research, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Dwight H Owen
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, OSUCCC - James, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH , USA; The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Latha P Ganesan
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas A Mace
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, OSUCCC - James, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH , USA; The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christopher C Coss
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Mitch A Phelps
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, OSUCCC - James, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH , USA; The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Kaweesa EN, Bazioli JM, Pierre HC, Lantvit DD, Kulp SK, Hill KL, Phelps MA, Coss CC, Fuchs JR, Pearce CJ, Oberlies NH, Burdette JE. Exploration of Verticillins in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer and Evaluation of Multiple Formulations in Preclinical In Vitro and In Vivo Models. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:3049-3059. [PMID: 37155928 PMCID: PMC10405366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Verticillins are epipolythiodioxopiperazine alkaloids isolated from a fungus with nanomolar anti-tumor activity in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). HGSOC is the fifth leading cause of death in women, and natural products continue to be an inspiration for new drug entities to help tackle chemoresistance. Verticillin D was recently found in a new fungal strain and compared to verticillin A. Both compounds exhibited nanomolar cytotoxic activity against OVCAR4 and OVCAR8 HGSOC cell lines, significantly reduced 2D foci and 3D spheroids, and induced apoptosis. In addition, verticillin A and verticillin D reduced tumor burden in vivo using OVCAR8 xenografts in the peritoneal space as a model. Unfortunately, mice treated with verticillin D displayed signs of liver toxicity. Tolerability studies to optimize verticillin A formulation for in vivo delivery were performed and compared to a semi-synthetic succinate version of verticillin A to monitor bioavailability in athymic nude females. Formulation of verticillins achieved tolerable drug delivery. Thus, formulation studies are effective at improving tolerability and demonstrating efficacy for verticillins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth N Kaweesa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Jaqueline M Bazioli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Herma C Pierre
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Daniel D Lantvit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Kasey L Hill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Mitch A Phelps
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Christopher C Coss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Cedric J Pearce
- Mycosynthetix, Inc., Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278, United States
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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Thomas J, Torok MA, Agrawal K, Pfau T, Vu TT, Lyberger J, Chang H, Castillo AMM, Chen M, Remaily B, Kim K, Xie Z, Dillhoff ME, Kulp SK, Behbehani GK, Cruz-Monserrate Z, Ganesan LP, Owen DH, Phelps MA, Coss CC, Mace TA. The Neonatal Fc Receptor Is Elevated in Monocyte-Derived Immune Cells in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7066. [PMID: 35806069 PMCID: PMC9266939 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is responsible for recycling of IgG antibodies and albumin throughout the body. This mechanism has been exploited for pharmaceutic delivery across an array of diseases to either enhance or diminish this function. Monoclonal antibodies and albumin-bound nanoparticles are examples of FcRn-dependent anti-cancer therapeutics. Despite its importance in drug delivery, little is known about FcRn expression in circulating immune cells. Through time-of-flight mass cytometry (CyTOF) we were able to characterize FcRn expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) populations of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients and non-cancer donors. Furthermore, we were able to replicate these findings in an orthotopic murine model of PDAC. Altogether, we found that in both patients and mice with PDAC, FcRn was elevated in migratory and resident classical dendritic cell type 2 (cDC2) as well as monocytic and granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) populations compared to tumor-free controls. Furthermore, PBMCs from PDAC patients had elevated monocyte, dendritic cells and MDSCs relative to non-cancer donor PBMCs. Future investigations into FcRn activity may further elucidate possible mechanisms of poor efficacy of antibody immunotherapies in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Thomas
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Molly A. Torok
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
| | - Kriti Agrawal
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
| | - Timothy Pfau
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
| | - Trang T. Vu
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Justin Lyberger
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.L.); (H.C.); (G.K.B.)
| | - Hsiaochi Chang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.L.); (H.C.); (G.K.B.)
| | - Alyssa Marie M. Castillo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Min Chen
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Bryan Remaily
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Kyeongmin Kim
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Zhiliang Xie
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Mary E. Dillhoff
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Samuel K. Kulp
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Gregory K. Behbehani
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.L.); (H.C.); (G.K.B.)
| | - Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Latha P. Ganesan
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Dwight H. Owen
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mitch A. Phelps
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
| | - Christopher C. Coss
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (J.T.); (T.T.V.); (A.M.M.C.); (M.C.); (B.R.); (K.K.); (Z.X.); (S.K.K.); (M.A.P.)
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
| | - Thomas A. Mace
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.A.T.); (K.A.); (T.P.); (Z.C.-M.); (D.H.O.)
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Guo Y, Wei L, Patel SH, Lopez G, Grogan M, Li M, Haddad T, Johns A, Ganesan LP, Yang Y, Spakowicz DJ, Shields PG, He K, Bertino EM, Otterson GA, Carbone DP, Presley C, Kulp SK, Mace TA, Coss CC, Phelps MA, Owen DH. Serum Albumin: Early Prognostic Marker of Benefit for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Monotherapy But Not Chemoimmunotherapy. Clin Lung Cancer 2022; 23:345-355. [PMID: 35131184 PMCID: PMC9149057 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cachexia exhibits decreased albumin and associates with short overall survival (OS) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but whether on-treatment albumin changes associate with OS in NSCLC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and combination chemoimmunotherapy has not been thoroughly evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a single-center retrospective study of patients with advanced NSCLC who received first-line ICI with or without chemotherapy between 2013 and 2020. The association of pretreatment albumin and early albumin changes with OS was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression models. RESULTS A total of 210 patients were included: 109 in ICI cohort and 101 in ICI + Chemo cohort. Within a median of 21 days from treatment initiation, patients with ≥ 10% of albumin decrease had significantly shorter OS compared to patients without albumin decrease in ICI cohort. Pretreatment albumin and albumin decrease within the first or second cycle of treatment were significantly and independently associated with OS in ICI cohort, but not in ICI + Chemo cohort. The lack of association between albumin and OS with the addition of chemotherapy was more pronounced among patients with ≥ 1% PD-L1 expression in subgroup analysis. CONCLUSION Pretreatment serum albumin and early albumin decrease in ICI monotherapy was significantly associated with OS in advanced NSCLC. Early albumin change, as a routine lab value tested in clinic, may be combined with established biomarkers to improve outcome predictions of ICI monotherapy. The underlying mechanism of the observed association between decreased albumin and ICI resistance warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhen Guo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Lai Wei
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Sandip H Patel
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Gabrielle Lopez
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Madison Grogan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Mingjia Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Tyler Haddad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Andrew Johns
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Latha P Ganesan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Yiping Yang
- Division of Hematology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Daniel J Spakowicz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Peter G Shields
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Kai He
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Erin M Bertino
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Gregory A Otterson
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - David P Carbone
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Carolyn Presley
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Thomas A Mace
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Christopher C Coss
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Mitch A Phelps
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
| | - Dwight H Owen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH.
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6
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Castillo AMM, Vu TT, Liva SG, Chen M, Xie Z, Thomas J, Remaily B, Guo Y, Subrayan UL, Costa T, Helms TH, Irby DJ, Kim K, Owen DH, Kulp SK, Mace TA, Phelps MA, Coss CC. Murine cancer cachexia models replicate elevated catabolic pembrolizumab clearance in humans. JCSM Rapid Commun 2021; 4:232-244. [PMID: 34514376 PMCID: PMC8420755 DOI: 10.1002/rco2.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monoclonal antibody (mAb) immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies have dramatically impacted oncology this past decade. However, only about one-third of patients respond to treatment, and biomarkers to predict responders are lacking. Recent ICI clinical pharmacology data demonstrate high baseline drug clearance (CL0) significantly associates with shorter overall survival, independent of ICI exposure, in patients receiving ICI mAb therapies. This suggests CL0 may predict outcomes from ICI therapy, and cachectic signalling may link elevated CL0 and poor response. Our aim was to determine if mouse models of cancer cachexia will be useful for studying these phenomena and their underlying mechanisms. METHODS We evaluated pembrolizumab CL in the C26 and Lewis lung carcinoma mouse models of cancer cachexia. A single treatment of vehicle or pembrolizumab, at a dose of 2 or 10 mg/kg, was administered intravenously by tail vein injection. Pembrolizumab was quantified by an ELISA in serial plasma samples, and FcRn gene (Fcgrt) expression was assessed in liver using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Non-compartmental and mixed-effects pharmacokinetics analyses were performed. RESULTS We observed higher pembrolizumab CL0 and decreased Fcgrt expression in whole liver tissue from tumour-bearing vs. tumour-free mice. In multivariate analysis, presence of tumour, total murine IgG, muscle weight and Fcgrt expression were significant covariates on CL, and total murine IgG was a significant covariate on V1 and Q. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate increases in catabolic clearance of monoclonal antibodies observed in humans can be replicated in cachectic mice, in which Fcgrt expression is also reduced. Notably, FcRn activity is essential for proper antigen presentation and antitumour immunity, which may permit the study of cachexia's impact on FcRn-mediated clearance and efficacy of ICI therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Marie M. Castillo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Trang T. Vu
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Sophia G. Liva
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Min Chen
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Zhiliang Xie
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Justin Thomas
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Bryan Remaily
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Yizhen Guo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Uma L. Subrayan
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Travis Costa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Timothy H. Helms
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Donald J. Irby
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Kyeongmin Kim
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Dwight H. Owen
- Division of Medical OncologyThe Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOHUSA
| | - Samuel K. Kulp
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Thomas A. Mace
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- The Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Mitch A. Phelps
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- The Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Christopher C. Coss
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- The Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
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7
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Zhang P, Brinton LT, Williams K, Sher S, Orwick S, Tzung-Huei L, Mims AS, Coss CC, Kulp SK, Youssef Y, Chan WK, Mitchell S, Mustonen A, Cannon M, Phillips H, Lehman AM, Kauffman T, Beaver L, Canfield D, Grieselhuber NR, Alinari L, Sampath D, Yan P, Byrd JC, Blachly JS, Lapalombella R. Targeting DNA Damage Repair Functions of Two Histone Deacetylases, HDAC8 and SIRT6, Sensitizes Acute Myeloid Leukemia to NAMPT Inhibition. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:2352-2366. [PMID: 33542077 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitors (NAMPTi) are currently in development, but may be limited as single-agent therapy due to compound-specific toxicity and cancer metabolic plasticity allowing resistance development. To potentially lower the doses of NAMPTis required for therapeutic benefit against acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we performed a genome-wide CRISPRi screen to identify rational disease-specific partners for a novel NAMPTi, KPT-9274. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Cell lines and primary cells were analyzed for cell viability, self-renewal, and responses at RNA and protein levels with loss-of-function approaches and pharmacologic treatments. In vivo efficacy of combination therapy was evaluated with a xenograft model. RESULTS We identified two histone deacetylases (HDAC), HDAC8 and SIRT6, whose knockout conferred synthetic lethality with KPT-9274 in AML. Furthermore, HDAC8-specific inhibitor, PCI-34051, or clinical class I HDAC inhibitor, AR-42, in combination with KPT-9274, synergistically decreased the survival of AML cells in a dose-dependent manner. AR-42/KPT-9274 cotreatment attenuated colony-forming potentials of patient cells while sparing healthy hematopoietic cells. Importantly, combined therapy demonstrated promising in vivo efficacy compared with KPT-9274 or AR-42 monotherapy. Mechanistically, genetic inhibition of SIRT6 potentiated the effect of KPT-9274 on PARP-1 suppression by abolishing mono-ADP ribosylation. AR-42/KPT-9274 cotreatment resulted in synergistic attenuation of homologous recombination and nonhomologous end joining pathways in cell lines and leukemia-initiating cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence that HDAC8 inhibition- or shSIRT6-induced DNA repair deficiencies are potently synergistic with NAMPT targeting, with minimal toxicity toward normal cells, providing a rationale for a novel-novel combination-based treatment for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Zhang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lindsey T Brinton
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Katie Williams
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Steven Sher
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Shelley Orwick
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lai Tzung-Huei
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Alice S Mims
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Samuel K Kulp
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Youssef Youssef
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Wing Keung Chan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Shaneice Mitchell
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Allison Mustonen
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Matthew Cannon
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Hannah Phillips
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Amy M Lehman
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Tierney Kauffman
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Larry Beaver
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Daniel Canfield
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Nicole R Grieselhuber
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lapo Alinari
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Deepa Sampath
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Pearlly Yan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - John C Byrd
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - James S Blachly
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rosa Lapalombella
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
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8
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Mukherjee D, DiVincenzo MJ, Torok M, Choueiry F, Kumar RJ, Deems A, Miller JL, Hinton A, Geraghty C, Maranon JA, Kulp SK, Coss C, Carson WE, Conwell DL, Hart PA, Cooperstone JL, Mace TA. Soy-tomato enriched diet reduces inflammation and disease severity in a pre-clinical model of chronic pancreatitis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21824. [PMID: 33311549 PMCID: PMC7733503 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78762-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a fibro-inflammatory syndrome in individuals who develop persistent pathological responses to parenchymal injury or stress. Novel therapeutic or dietary interventions that could lessen inflammation in this disease could significantly improve quality of life in patients with CP. Complex dietary foods like soy and tomatoes are composed of active metabolites with anti-inflammatory effects. Data from our group reports that bioactive agents in soy and tomatoes can reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppressive immune populations. Additionally, our team has developed a novel soy-tomato juice currently being studied in healthy individuals with no toxicities, and good compliance and bioavailability. Thus, we hypothesize that administration of a soy-tomato enriched diet can reduce inflammation and severity of CP. C57BL/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with 50 μg/kg caeurlein (7 hourly injections, twice weekly) for 6 weeks to induce CP. After 4 weeks of caerulein injections, mice were administered a control or a soy-tomato enriched diet for 2 weeks. Disease severity was measured via immunohistochemical analysis of pancreata measuring loss of acini, fibrosis, inflammation, and necrosis. Serum lipase and amylase levels were analyzed at the end of the study. Inflammatory factors in the serum and pancreas, and immune populations in the spleen of mice were analyzed by cytokine multiplex detection, qRT-PCR, and flow cytometry respectively. Infra-red (IR) sensing of mice was used to monitor spontaneous activity and distress of mice. Mice fed a soy-tomato enriched diet had a significantly reduced level of inflammation and severity of CP (p = 0.032) compared to mice administered a control diet with restored serum lipase and amylase levels (p < 0.05). Mice with CP fed a soy-tomato diet had a reduction in inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-5) and suppressive immune populations (myeloid-derived suppressor cells; MDSC) compared to control diet fed mice (p < 0.05). Infra-red sensing to monitor spontaneous activity of mice showed that soy-tomato enriched diet improved total activity and overall health of mice with CP (p = 0.055) and CP mice on a control diet were determined to spend more time at rest (p = 0.053). These pre-clinical results indicate that a soy-tomato enriched diet may be a novel treatment approach to reduce inflammation and pain in patients with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mallory J DiVincenzo
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Molly Torok
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Fouad Choueiry
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Rahul J Kumar
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Anna Deems
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Jenna L Miller
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Alice Hinton
- Division of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Connor Geraghty
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | | | - Samuel K Kulp
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | | | | | - Darwin L Conwell
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 420 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Phil A Hart
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 420 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jessica L Cooperstone
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
- Departments of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Thomas A Mace
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 420 W 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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9
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Xie Z, Chen M, Goswami S, Mani R, Wang D, Kulp SK, Coss CC, Schaaf LJ, Cui F, Byrd JC, Jennings RN, Schober KK, Freed C, Lewis S, Malbrue R, Muthusamy N, Bennett C, Kisseberth WC, Phelps MA. Pharmacokinetics and Tolerability of the Novel Non-immunosuppressive Fingolimod Derivative, OSU-2S, in Dogs and Comparisons with Data in Mice and Rats. AAPS J 2020; 22:92. [PMID: 32676788 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-00474-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we characterized the pharmacokinetics of OSU-2S, a fingolimod-derived, non-immunosuppressive phosphatase activator, in mice, rats, and dogs, as well as tolerability and food effects in dogs. Across all species tested, plasma protein binding for OSU-2S was > 99.5%, and metabolic stability and hepatic intrinsic clearance were in the moderate range. OSU-2S did not significantly modulate CYP enzyme activity up until 50 μM, and Caco-2 data suggested low permeability with active efflux at 2 μM. Apparent oral bioavailability in mice was 16% and 69% at 10 and 50 mg/kg, respectively. In rats, bioavailability was 24%, 35%, and 28% at 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg, respectively, while brain/plasma ratio was 36 at 6-h post-dose at 30 mg/kg. In dogs, OSU-2S was well tolerated with oral capsule bioavailability of 27.5%. Plasma OSU-2S exposures increased proportionally over a 2.5-20 mg/kg dose range. After 4 weeks of 3 times weekly, oral administration (20 mg/kg), plasma AUClast (26.1 μM*h), and Cmax (0.899 μM) were nearly 2-fold greater than those after 1 week of dosing, and no food effects were observed. The elimination half-life (29.7 h), clearance (22.9 mL/min/kg), and plasma concentrations of repeated oral doses support a 3-times weekly dosing schedule in dogs. No significant CBC, serum biochemical, or histopathological changes were observed. OSU-2S has favorable oral PK properties similar to fingolimod in rodents and dogs and is well tolerated in healthy animals. This work supports establishing trials of OSU-2S efficacy in dogs with spontaneous tumors to guide its clinical development as a cancer therapeutic for human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Xie
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 506 Riffe Building, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Min Chen
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 506 Riffe Building, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Swagata Goswami
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rajes Mani
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Dasheng Wang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 506 Riffe Building, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Chris C Coss
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 506 Riffe Building, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Larry J Schaaf
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - John C Byrd
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 506 Riffe Building, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA.,Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ryan N Jennings
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Karsten K Schober
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 448 VMAB, 1900 Coffey Rd., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Carrie Freed
- University Laboratory Animal Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Stephanie Lewis
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Raphael Malbrue
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Natarajan Muthusamy
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Chad Bennett
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - William C Kisseberth
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. .,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 448 VMAB, 1900 Coffey Rd., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA.
| | - Mitch A Phelps
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 506 Riffe Building, 496 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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10
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Chao MW, Chu PC, Chuang HC, Shen FH, Chou CC, Hsu EC, Himmel LE, Huang HL, Tu HJ, Kulp SK, Teng CM, Chen CS. Retraction: Non-epigenetic function of HDAC8 in regulating breast cancer stem cells by maintaining Notch1 protein stability. Oncotarget 2020; 11:1096. [PMID: 32256981 PMCID: PMC7105163 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Wu Chao
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chen Chu
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ching Chuang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Fang-Hsiu Shen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chien Chou
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - En-Chi Hsu
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lauren E Himmel
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Han-Li Huang
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Ju Tu
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Che-Ming Teng
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Liva SG, Tseng Y, Dauki AM, Sovic MG, Vu T, Henderson SE, Kuo Y, Benedict JA, Zhang X, Remaily BC, Kulp SK, Campbell M, Bekaii‐Saab T, Phelps MA, Chen C, Coss CC. Overcoming resistance to anabolic SARM therapy in experimental cancer cachexia with an HDAC inhibitor. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e9910. [PMID: 31930715 PMCID: PMC7005646 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201809910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
No approved therapy exists for cancer-associated cachexia. The colon-26 mouse model of cancer cachexia mimics recent late-stage clinical failures of anabolic anti-cachexia therapy and was unresponsive to anabolic doses of diverse androgens, including the selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) GTx-024. The histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) AR-42 exhibited anti-cachectic activity in this model. We explored combined SARM/AR-42 therapy as an improved anti-cachectic treatment paradigm. A reduced dose of AR-42 provided limited anti-cachectic benefits, but, in combination with GTx-024, significantly improved body weight, hindlimb muscle mass, and grip strength versus controls. AR-42 suppressed the IL-6/GP130/STAT3 signaling axis in muscle without impacting circulating cytokines. GTx-024-mediated β-catenin target gene regulation was apparent in cachectic mice only when combined with AR-42. Our data suggest cachectic signaling in this model involves catabolic signaling insensitive to anabolic GTx-024 therapy and a blockade of GTx-024-mediated anabolic signaling. AR-42 mitigates catabolic gene activation and restores anabolic responsiveness to GTx-024. Combining GTx-024, a clinically established anabolic therapy, with AR-42, a clinically evaluated HDACi, represents a promising approach to improve anabolic response in cachectic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia G Liva
- Division of Pharmaceutics and PharmacologyCollege of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Yu‐Chou Tseng
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and PharmacognosyCollege of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Anees M Dauki
- Division of Pharmaceutics and PharmacologyCollege of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Michael G Sovic
- Division of Pharmaceutics and PharmacologyCollege of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Trang Vu
- Division of Pharmaceutics and PharmacologyCollege of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Sally E Henderson
- Department of Veterinary BiosciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineOhio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Yi‐Chiu Kuo
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and PharmacognosyCollege of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Jason A Benedict
- Center for BiostatisticsDepartment of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Center for BiostatisticsDepartment of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Bryan C Remaily
- Division of Pharmaceutics and PharmacologyCollege of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Pharmaceutics and PharmacologyCollege of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Moray Campbell
- Division of Pharmaceutics and PharmacologyCollege of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | | | - Mitchell A Phelps
- Division of Pharmaceutics and PharmacologyCollege of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Ching‐Shih Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and PharmacognosyCollege of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Department of Medical ResearchChina Medical University HospitalChina Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Christopher C Coss
- Division of Pharmaceutics and PharmacologyCollege of PharmacyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
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12
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Kulp SK, Chen CS, Wang DS, Chen CY, Chen CS. Retraction: Antitumor Effects of a Novel Phenylbutyrate-based Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, ( S)-HDAC-42, in Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:2940. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-0731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Chu PC, Kulp SK, Chen CS. Retraction: Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor is suppressed through transcriptional repression and mRNA destabilization by a novel energy restriction-mimetic agent. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:e14. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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14
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Lai IL, Chou CC, Lai PT, Fang CS, Shirley LA, Yan R, Mo X, Bloomston M, K Kulp S, Bekaii-Saab T, Chen CS. Retraction: Targeting the Warburg effect with a novel glucose transporter inhibitor to overcome gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:e16. [PMID: 31034565 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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15
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Chu PC, Kulp SK, Chen CS. Retraction: Corrigendum: Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor is suppressed through transcriptional repression and mRNA destabilization by a novel energy restriction-mimetic agent. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:e15. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Weng SC, Kashida Y, Kulp SK, Wang D, Brueggemeier RW, Shapiro CL, Chen CS. Retraction: Sensitizing Estrogen Receptor-negative Breast Cancer Cells to Tamoxifen with OSU-03012, a Novel Celecoxib-derived Phosphoinositide-dependent Protein Kinase-1/Akt Signaling Inhibitor. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:869. [PMID: 30936413 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Zhu J, Huang JW, Tseng PH, Yang YT, Fowble J, Shiau CW, Shaw YJ, Kulp SK, Chen CS. Editor's Note: From the Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor Celecoxib to a Novel Class of 3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinase-1 Inhibitors. Cancer Res 2019; 79:1716. [PMID: 30936080 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Lu C, Yang D, Klement JD, Oh IK, Savage NM, Waller JL, Colby AH, Grinstaff MW, Oberlies NH, Pearce CJ, Xie Z, Kulp SK, Coss CC, Phelps MA, Albers T, Lebedyeva IO, Liu K. SUV39H1 Represses the Expression of Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Effector Genes to Promote Colon Tumor Immune Evasion. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 7:414-427. [PMID: 30610059 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-18-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Despite the presence of CTLs in the tumor microenvironment, the majority of immunogenic human colon cancer does not respond to immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy, and microsatellite instable (MSI) tumors are not naturally eliminated. The molecular mechanism underlying the inactivity of tumor-infiltrating CTLs is unknown. We report here that CTLs were present in both MSI and microsatellite stable colon tumors. The expression of the H3K9me3-specific histone methyltransferase SUV39H1 was significantly elevated in human colon carcinoma compared with normal colon tissues. Using a mouse colon carcinoma model, we further determined that tumor-infiltrating CTLs in the colon tumor microenvironment have high expression of SUV39H1. To target SUV39H1 in the tumor microenvironment, a virtual chemical library was screened on the basis of the SET (suppressor of variegation 3-9, enhancer of zeste and trithorax) domain structure of the human SUV39H1 protein. Functional enzymatic activity assays identified a small molecule that inhibits SUV39H1 enzymatic activity. On the basis of the structure of this small molecule, we modified it and chemically synthesized a small molecule, termed F5446, which has an EC50 of 0.496 μmol/L for SUV39H1 enzymatic activity. H3K9me3 was enriched in the promoters of GZMB, PRF1, FASLG, and IFNG in quiescent T cells. F5446 inhibited H3K9me3, thereby upregulating expression of these effectors in tumor-infiltrating CTLs and suppressing colon carcinoma growth in a CD8+ CTL-dependent manner in vivo Our data indicate that SUV39H1 represses CTL effector gene expression and, in doing so, confers colon cancer immune escape.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Colonic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Colonic Neoplasms/immunology
- Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Histones/metabolism
- Humans
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Methyltransferases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Methyltransferases/immunology
- Methyltransferases/metabolism
- Mice
- Repressor Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Repressor Proteins/immunology
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
- Tumor Escape
- Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunwan Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia.
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Dafeng Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - John D Klement
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Il Kyu Oh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Natasha M Savage
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Jennifer L Waller
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Aaron H Colby
- Ionic Pharmaceuticals, Brookline, Massachusetts
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Ionic Pharmaceuticals, Brookline, Massachusetts
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina
| | | | - Zhiliang Xie
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Christopher C Coss
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mitch A Phelps
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Thomas Albers
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Iryna O Lebedyeva
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Kebin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia.
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
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19
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Wang D, Chu PC, Yang CN, Yan R, Chuang YC, Kulp SK, Chen CS. Retraction of “Development of a Novel Class of Glucose Transporter Inhibitors”. J Med Chem 2018; 61:5056. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Guh JH, Chang WL, Yang J, Lee SL, Wei S, Wang D, Kulp SK, Chen CS. Retraction of “Development of Novel Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase Activators”. J Med Chem 2018; 61:5055. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Huang HL, Wu HY, Chu PC, Lai IL, Huang PH, Kulp SK, Pan SL, Teng CM, Chen CS. Role of integrin-linked kinase in regulating the protein stability of the MUC1-C oncoprotein in pancreatic cancer cells. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e359. [PMID: 28692035 PMCID: PMC5541713 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MUC1-C overexpression has been associated with the progression of pancreatic tumors by promoting the aggressive and metastatic phenotypes. As MUC1 is a STAT3 target gene, STAT3 plays a major role in regulating MUC1-C expression. In this study, we report an alternative mechanism by which integrin-linked kinase (ILK) post-transcriptionally modulates the expression of MUC1-C by maintaining its protein stability in pancreatic cancer cells. We found that ILK acts in concert with STAT3 to facilitate IL-6-mediated upregulation of MUC1-C; ILK depletion was equally effective as STAT3 depletion in abolishing IL-6-induced MUC1-C overexpression without disturbing the phosphorylation or cellular distribution of STAT3. Conversely, ectopic expression of constitutively active ILK increased MUC1-C expression, though this increase was not noted with kinase-dead ILK. This finding suggests the requirement of the kinase activity of ILK in regulating MUC1-C stability, which was confirmed by using the ILK kinase inhibitor T315. Furthermore, our data suggest the involvement of protein kinase C (PKC)δ in mediating the suppressive effect of ILK inhibition on MUC1-C repression. For example, co-immunoprecipitation analysis indicated that ILK depletion-mediated MUC1-C phosphorylation was accompanied by increased phosphorylation of PKCδ at the activation loop Thr-507 and increased binding of PKCδ to MUC1-C. Conversely, ILK overexpression resulted in decreased PKCδ phosphorylation. From a mechanistic perspective, the present finding, together with our recent report that ILK controls the expression of oncogenic KRAS through a regulatory loop, underscores the pivotal role of ILK in promoting pancreatic cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-L Huang
- The PhD Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - H-Y Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - P-C Chu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-L Lai
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - P-H Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - S K Kulp
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - S-L Pan
- The PhD Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-M Teng
- Pharmacological Institute, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-S Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Murahari S, Jalkanen AL, Kulp SK, Chen CS, Modiano JF, London CA, Kisseberth WC. Sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to HDAC inhibitor AR-42 mediated apoptosis. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:67. [PMID: 28109246 PMCID: PMC5251323 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3046-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor in both humans and dogs and is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in children and young adults. Limb sparing surgery along with chemotherapy has been the mainstay of treatment for OS. Many patients are not cured with current therapies, presenting a real need for developing new treatments. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are a promising new class of anticancer agents. In this study, we investigated the activity of the novel HDAC inhibitor AR-42 in a panel of human and canine OS cell lines. Methods The effect of AR-42 and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) alone or in combination with doxorubicin on OS cell viability was assessed. Induction of histone acetylation after HDAC inhibitor treatment was confirmed by Western blotting. Drug-induced apoptosis was analyzed by FACS. Apoptosis was assessed further by measuring caspase 3/7 enzymatic activity, nucleosome fragmentation, and caspase cleavage. Effects on Akt signaling were demonstrated by assessing phosphorylation of Akt and downstream signaling molecules. Results AR-42 was a potent inhibitor of cell viability and induced a greater apoptotic response compared to SAHA when used at the same concentrations. Normal osteoblasts were much less sensitive. The combination of AR-42 with doxorubicin resulted in a potent inhibition of cell viability and apparent synergistic effect. Furthermore, we showed that AR-42 and SAHA induced cell death via the activation of the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway through activation of caspase 3/7. This potent apoptotic activity was associated with the greater ability of AR-42 to downregulate survival signaling through Akt. Conclusions These results confirm that AR-42 is a potent inhibitor of HDAC activity and demonstrates its ability to significantly inhibit cell survival through its pleiotropic effects in both canine and human OS cells and suggests that spontaneous OS in pet dogs may be a useful large animal model for preclinical evaluation of HDAC inhibitors. HDAC inhibition in combination with standard doxorubicin treatment offers promising potential for chemotherapeutic intervention in both canine and human OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Murahari
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Aimee L Jalkanen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Current address: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Cheryl A London
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - William C Kisseberth
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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23
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Abstract
Although oncogenic KRAS represents a therapeutically relevant target in pancreatic cancer, it is deemed "non-druggable" because of the intrinsic difficulty in designing direct inhibitors of KRAS. Our recent work demonstrated a KRAS-integrin-linked kinase (ILK) regulatory feedback loop that allows pancreatic cancer cells to regulate KRAS expression and to interact with the tumor microenvironment to promote aggressive phenotype. KRAS induces E2F1-mediated transcriptional activation of ILK expression, and ILK, in turn, controls KRAS expression via hnRNPA1, which binds and destabilizes the G-quadruplex in the KRAS promoter. Moreover, ILK inhibition blocked KRAS-driven EMT and growth factor-stimulated KRAS expression. This regulatory loop, however, was not noted in KRAS mutant colorectal and lung cancer cells examined as knockdown of KRAS or ILK did not affect each other's expression, suggesting that this KRAS-ILK feedback regulation is specific for pancreatic cancer. In sum, this regulatory loop provides a strong mechanistic rationale for suppressing oncogenic KRAS signaling through targeting ILK, and this creating a potential new therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chen Chu
- a Institute of Biological Chemistry , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- b Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy , College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA
| | | | - Ching-Shih Chen
- a Institute of Biological Chemistry , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan.,b Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy , College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA
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24
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Henderson SE, Ding LY, Mo X, Bekaii-Saab T, Kulp SK, Chen CS, Huang PH. Suppression of Tumor Growth and Muscle Wasting in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer by the Novel Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor AR-42. Neoplasia 2016; 18:765-774. [PMID: 27889645 PMCID: PMC5126135 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in the United States. This study was aimed at evaluating the efficacy of AR-42 (formerly OSU-HDAC42), a novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor currently in clinical trials, in suppressing tumor growth and/or cancer-induced muscle wasting in murine models of PDAC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The in vitro antiproliferative activity of AR-42 was evaluated in six human pancreatic cancer cell lines (AsPC-1, COLO-357, PANC-1, MiaPaCa-2, BxPC-3, SW1990). AsPC-1 subcutaneous xenograft and transgenic KPfl/flC (LSL-KrasG12D;Trp53flox/flox;Pdx-1-Cre) mouse models of pancreatic cancer were used to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of AR-42 in suppressing tumor growth and/or muscle wasting. RESULTS Growth suppression in AR-42-treated cells was observed in all six human pancreatic cancer cell lines with dose-dependent modulation of proliferation and apoptotic markers, which was associated with the hallmark features of HDAC inhibition, including p21 upregulation and histone H3 hyperacetylation. Oral administration of AR-42 at 50 mg/kg every other day resulted in suppression of tumor burden in the AsPC-1 xenograft and KPfl/flC models by 78% and 55%, respectively, at the end of treatment. Tumor suppression was associated with HDAC inhibition, increased apoptosis, and inhibition of proliferation. Additionally, AR-42 as a single agent preserved muscle size and increased grip strength in KPfl/flC mice. Finally, the combination of AR-42 and gemcitabine in transgenic mice demonstrated a significant increase in survival than either agent alone. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that AR-42 represents a therapeutically promising strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally E Henderson
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1925 Coffey Rd., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Li-Yun Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd., Tainan 701, Taiwan; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd., Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, 1800 Cannon Drive, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Tanios Bekaii-Saab
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 5777 East Mayo Boulevard, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA.
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road Sec. 2, Taipei City, 115, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Hsien Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd., Tainan 701, Taiwan; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd., Tainan 701, Taiwan.
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25
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Himmel LE, Lustberg MB, DeVries AC, Poi M, Chen CS, Kulp SK. Minocycline, a putative neuroprotectant, co-administered with doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide chemotherapy in a xenograft model of triple-negative breast cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:505-515. [PMID: 27555377 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Minocycline is purported to have neuroprotective properties in experimental models of some human neurologic diseases, and has therefore been identified as a putative neuroprotectant for chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) in breast cancer patients. However, because its mechanism of action is believed to be mediated through anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-oxidant pathways, co-administration of minocycline with chemotherapeutic agents has the potential to reduce the efficacy of anticancer drugs. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of minocycline on the activity of the AC chemotherapeutic regimen (Adriamycin [doxorubicin], Cytoxan [cyclophosphamide]) in in vitro and in vivo models of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Clonogenic and methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assays were used to assess survival and viability in two TNBC cell lines treated with increasing concentrations of AC in the presence or absence of minocycline. Biomarkers of apoptosis, cell stress, and DNA damage were evaluated by western blot. The in vivo effects of AC and minocycline, each alone and in combination, were assessed in a xenograft model of TNBC in female athymic nude mice by weekly tumor volume measurement, body and organ weight measurement, and histopathology. Apoptosis and proliferation were characterized by immunohistochemistry in the xenografts tumors. Brains from tumor-bearing mice were evaluated for microglial activation, glial scars, and the proportion of neural progenitor cells. Data from these in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that minocycline does not diminish the cytotoxic and tumor-suppressive effects of this chemotherapeutic drug combination in TNBC cells. Moreover, minocycline appeared to prevent the reduction in doublecortin-positive neural progenitor cells observed in AC-treated mice. We posit that minocycline may be useful clinically for its reported neuroprotective activity in breast cancer patients receiving AC without loss of chemotherapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Himmel
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Maryam B Lustberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - A Courtney DeVries
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ming Poi
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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26
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Chou CC, Chuang HC, Salunke SB, Kulp SK, Chen CS. A novel HIF-1α-integrin-linked kinase regulatory loop that facilitates hypoxia-induced HIF-1α expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:8271-85. [PMID: 25821081 PMCID: PMC4480751 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we described a novel regulatory feedback loop in which hypoxia induces integrin-linked kinase (ILK) expression through a HIF-1α-dependent mechanism and ILK, in turn, stimulates HIF-1α expression through cell type- and cell context-dependent pathways. HIF-1α increased ILK via transcriptional activation. ILK increased HIF-1α levels by promoting mTOR-mediated translation in PC-3 and MCF-7 cells, and by blocking GSK3β-mediated degradation in LNCaP cells, consistent with the cell line-/cellular context-specific functions of ILK as a Ser473-Akt kinase. We show that ILK can account for the effects of hypoxia on Akt, mTOR, and GSK3β phosphorylation. Also, ILK can de-repress HIF-1α signaling through the YB-1-mediated inhibition of Foxo3a expression. In concert with HIF-1α, these downstream effectors promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through modulation of Snail and Zeb1. Thus, the ILK-HIF-1α regulatory loop could underlie the maintenance of high HIF-1α expression levels and the promotion of EMT under hypoxic conditions. Finally, we show that the small-molecule ILK inhibitor T315 can disrupt this regulatory loop in vivo and suppress xenograft tumor growth, thereby providing proof-of-concept that targeting ILK represents an effective strategy to block HIF-1α expression and aggressive phenotype in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chien Chou
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Hsaio-Ching Chuang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Santosh B Salunke
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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27
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Cheng H, Xie Z, Jones WP, Wei XT, Liu Z, Wang D, Kulp SK, Wang J, Coss CC, Chen CS, Marcucci G, Garzon R, Covey JM, Phelps MA, Chan KK. Preclinical Pharmacokinetics Study of R- and S-Enantiomers of the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, AR-42 (NSC 731438), in Rodents. AAPS J 2016; 18:737-45. [PMID: 26943915 PMCID: PMC5256597 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-016-9876-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AR-42, a new orally bioavailable, potent, hydroxamate-tethered phenylbutyrate class I/IIB histone deacetylase inhibitor currently is under evaluation in phase 1 and 2 clinical trials and has demonstrated activity in both hematologic and solid tumor malignancies. This report focuses on the preclinical characterization of the pharmacokinetics of AR-42 in mice and rats. A high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay has been developed and applied to the pharmacokinetic study of the more active stereoisomer, S-AR-42, when administered via intravenous and oral routes in rodents, including plasma, bone marrow, and spleen pharmacokinetics (PK) in CD2F1 mice and plasma PK in F344 rats. Oral bioavailability was estimated to be 26 and 100% in mice and rats, respectively. R-AR-42 was also evaluated intravenously in rats and was shown to display different pharmacokinetics with a much shorter terminal half-life compared to that of S-AR-42. Renal clearance was a minor elimination pathway for parental S-AR-42. Oral administration of S-AR-42 to tumor-bearing mice demonstrated high uptake and exposure of the parent drug in the lymphoid tissues, spleen, and bone marrow. This is the first report of the pharmacokinetics of this novel agent, which is now in early phase clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Zhiliang Xie
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - William P Jones
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | | | - Zhongfa Liu
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Dasheng Wang
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Jiang Wang
- Comprehensive Cancer, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Christopher C Coss
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Guido Marcucci
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Gehr Family Center For Leukemia Research Hematologist Malignancies Institute City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 90010, USA
| | - Ramiro Garzon
- Comprehensive Cancer, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Mitch A Phelps
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
| | - Kenneth K Chan
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- The National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA.
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Hsu EC, Kulp SK, Huang HL, Tu HJ, Salunke SB, Sullivan NJ, Sun D, Wicha MS, Shapiro CL, Chen CS. Function of Integrin-Linked Kinase in Modulating the Stemness of IL-6-Abundant Breast Cancer Cells by Regulating γ-Secretase-Mediated Notch1 Activation in Caveolae. Neoplasia 2016; 17:497-508. [PMID: 26152358 PMCID: PMC4719004 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Notch signaling are important regulators of breast cancer stem cells (CSCs), which drive the malignant phenotype through self-renewal, differentiation, and development of therapeutic resistance. We investigated the role of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in regulating IL-6–driven Notch1 activation and the ability to target breast CSCs through ILK inhibition. Ectopic expression/short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of ILK, pharmacological inhibition of ILK with the small molecule T315, Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence, and luciferase reporter assays were used to evaluate the regulation of IL-6–driven Notch1 activation by ILK in IL-6–producing triple-negative breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, SUM-159) and in MCF-7 and MCF-7IL-6 cells. The effects of ILK on γ-secretase complex assembly and cellular localization were determined by immunofluorescence, Western blots of membrane fractions, and immunoprecipitation. In vivo effects of T315-induced ILK inhibition on CSCs in SUM-159 xenograft models were assessed by mammosphere assays, flow cytometry, and tumorigenicity assays. Results show that the genetic knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of ILK suppressed Notch1 activation and the abundance of the γ-secretase components presenilin-1, nicastrin, and presenilin enhancer 2 at the posttranscriptional level via inhibition of caveolin-1-dependent membrane assembly of the γ-secretase complex. Accordingly, knockdown of ILK inhibited breast CSC-like properties in vitro and the breast CSC subpopulation in vivo in xenograft tumor models. Based on these findings, we propose a novel function of ILK in regulating γ-secretase–mediated Notch1 activation, which suggests the targeting of ILK as a therapeutic approach to suppress IL-6–induced breast CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Chi Hsu
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Han-Li Huang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Huang-Ju Tu
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Santosh B Salunke
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nicholas J Sullivan
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Duxin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Max S Wicha
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Charles L Shapiro
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Hsu EC, Kulp SK, Huang HL, Tu HJ, Chao MW, Tseng YC, Yang MC, Salunke SB, Sullivan NJ, Chen WC, Zhang J, Teng CM, Fu WM, Sun D, Wicha MS, Shapiro CL, Chen CS. Integrin-linked kinase as a novel molecular switch of the IL-6-NF-κB signaling loop in breast cancer. Carcinogenesis 2016; 37:430-442. [PMID: 26905583 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgw020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial evidence has clearly demonstrated the role of the IL-6-NF-κB signaling loop in promoting aggressive phenotypes in breast cancer. However, the exact mechanism by which this inflammatory loop is regulated remains to be defined. Here, we report that integrin-linked kinase (ILK) acts as a molecular switch for this feedback loop. Specifically, we show that IL-6 induces ILK expression via E2F1 upregulation, which, in turn, activates NF-κB signaling to facilitate IL-6 production. shRNA-mediated knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of ILK disrupted this IL-6-NF-κB signaling loop, and blocked IL-6-induced cancer stem cells in vitro and estrogen-independent tumor growth in vivo Together, these findings establish ILK as an intermediary effector of the IL-6-NF-κB feedback loop and a promising therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Chi Hsu
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy , College of Pharmacy , The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210 , USA
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy , College of Pharmacy , The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210 , USA
| | - Han-Li Huang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Ju Tu
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Min-Wu Chao
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chou Tseng
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy , College of Pharmacy , The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210 , USA
| | - Ming-Chen Yang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy , College of Pharmacy , The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210 , USA
| | - Santosh B Salunke
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy , College of Pharmacy , The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210 , USA
| | - Nicholas J Sullivan
- Department of Molecular Virology , Immunology , and Medical Genetics , College of Medicine , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA
| | - Wen-Chung Chen
- Department of Pathology , College of Medicine , National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 701 , Taiwan
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Center for Biostatistics , College of Medicine , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA
| | - Che-Ming Teng
- Department of Pharmacology , College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10051 , Taiwan
| | - Wen-Mei Fu
- Department of Pharmacology , College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10051 , Taiwan
| | - Duxin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI 48109 , USA
| | - Max S Wicha
- Department of Internal Medicine , University of Michigan Medical School , University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center , Ann Arbor, MI 48109 , USA
| | - Charles L Shapiro
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Medical Center , New York, NY 10029 , USA and
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Tseng YC, Kulp SK, Lai IL, Hsu EC, He WA, Frankhouser DE, Yan PS, Mo X, Bloomston M, Lesinski GB, Marcucci G, Guttridge DC, Bekaii-Saab T, Chen CS. Preclinical Investigation of the Novel Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor AR-42 in the Treatment of Cancer-Induced Cachexia. J Natl Cancer Inst 2015; 107:djv274. [PMID: 26464423 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djv274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cachexia is a debilitating condition that impacts patient morbidity, mortality, and quality of life and for which effective therapies are lacking. The anticachectic activity of the novel HDAC inhibitor AR-42 was investigated in murine models of cancer cachexia. METHODS The effects of AR-42 on classic features of cachexia were evaluated in the C-26 colon adenocarcinoma and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) models. Effects on survival in comparison with approved HDAC inhibitors (vorinostat, romidepsin) were determined. The muscle metabolome and transcriptome (by RNA-seq), as well as serum cytokine profile, were evaluated. Data were analyzed using mixed effects models, analysis of variance, or log-rank tests. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS In the C-26 model, orally administered AR-42 preserved body weight (23.9±2.6 grams, AR-42-treated; 20.8±1.3 grams, vehicle-treated; P = .005), prolonged survival (P < .001), prevented reductions in muscle and adipose tissue mass, muscle fiber size, and muscle strength and restored intramuscular mRNA expression of the E3 ligases MuRF1 and Atrogin-1 to basal levels (n = 8). This anticachectic effect, confirmed in the LLC model, was not observed after treatment with vorinostat and romidepsin. AR-42 suppressed tumor-induced changes in inflammatory cytokine production and multiple procachexia drivers (IL-6, IL-6Rα, leukemia inhibitory factor, Foxo1, Atrogin-1, MuRF1, adipose triglyceride lipase, uncoupling protein 3, and myocyte enhancer factor 2c). Metabolomic analysis revealed cachexia-associated changes in glycolysis, glycogen synthesis, and protein degradation in muscle, which were restored by AR-42 to a state characteristic of tumor-free mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings support further investigation of AR-42 as part of a comprehensive therapeutic strategy for cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chou Tseng
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy (YCT, SKK, ILL, ECH, CSC), Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (WAH, DCG), Department of Surgery (MB), Department of Internal Medicine (GBL, GM, TBS), and Center for Biostatistics (XM), College of Medicine, and Genomics Shared Resource (DEF, PSY), The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (CSC); Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CSC)
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy (YCT, SKK, ILL, ECH, CSC), Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (WAH, DCG), Department of Surgery (MB), Department of Internal Medicine (GBL, GM, TBS), and Center for Biostatistics (XM), College of Medicine, and Genomics Shared Resource (DEF, PSY), The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (CSC); Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CSC)
| | - I-Lu Lai
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy (YCT, SKK, ILL, ECH, CSC), Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (WAH, DCG), Department of Surgery (MB), Department of Internal Medicine (GBL, GM, TBS), and Center for Biostatistics (XM), College of Medicine, and Genomics Shared Resource (DEF, PSY), The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (CSC); Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CSC)
| | - En-Chi Hsu
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy (YCT, SKK, ILL, ECH, CSC), Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (WAH, DCG), Department of Surgery (MB), Department of Internal Medicine (GBL, GM, TBS), and Center for Biostatistics (XM), College of Medicine, and Genomics Shared Resource (DEF, PSY), The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (CSC); Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CSC)
| | - Wei A He
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy (YCT, SKK, ILL, ECH, CSC), Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (WAH, DCG), Department of Surgery (MB), Department of Internal Medicine (GBL, GM, TBS), and Center for Biostatistics (XM), College of Medicine, and Genomics Shared Resource (DEF, PSY), The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (CSC); Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CSC)
| | - David E Frankhouser
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy (YCT, SKK, ILL, ECH, CSC), Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (WAH, DCG), Department of Surgery (MB), Department of Internal Medicine (GBL, GM, TBS), and Center for Biostatistics (XM), College of Medicine, and Genomics Shared Resource (DEF, PSY), The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (CSC); Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CSC)
| | - Pearlly S Yan
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy (YCT, SKK, ILL, ECH, CSC), Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (WAH, DCG), Department of Surgery (MB), Department of Internal Medicine (GBL, GM, TBS), and Center for Biostatistics (XM), College of Medicine, and Genomics Shared Resource (DEF, PSY), The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (CSC); Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CSC)
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy (YCT, SKK, ILL, ECH, CSC), Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (WAH, DCG), Department of Surgery (MB), Department of Internal Medicine (GBL, GM, TBS), and Center for Biostatistics (XM), College of Medicine, and Genomics Shared Resource (DEF, PSY), The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (CSC); Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CSC)
| | - Mark Bloomston
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy (YCT, SKK, ILL, ECH, CSC), Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (WAH, DCG), Department of Surgery (MB), Department of Internal Medicine (GBL, GM, TBS), and Center for Biostatistics (XM), College of Medicine, and Genomics Shared Resource (DEF, PSY), The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (CSC); Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CSC)
| | - Gregory B Lesinski
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy (YCT, SKK, ILL, ECH, CSC), Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (WAH, DCG), Department of Surgery (MB), Department of Internal Medicine (GBL, GM, TBS), and Center for Biostatistics (XM), College of Medicine, and Genomics Shared Resource (DEF, PSY), The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (CSC); Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CSC)
| | - Guido Marcucci
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy (YCT, SKK, ILL, ECH, CSC), Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (WAH, DCG), Department of Surgery (MB), Department of Internal Medicine (GBL, GM, TBS), and Center for Biostatistics (XM), College of Medicine, and Genomics Shared Resource (DEF, PSY), The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (CSC); Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CSC)
| | - Denis C Guttridge
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy (YCT, SKK, ILL, ECH, CSC), Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (WAH, DCG), Department of Surgery (MB), Department of Internal Medicine (GBL, GM, TBS), and Center for Biostatistics (XM), College of Medicine, and Genomics Shared Resource (DEF, PSY), The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (CSC); Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CSC)
| | - Tanios Bekaii-Saab
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy (YCT, SKK, ILL, ECH, CSC), Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (WAH, DCG), Department of Surgery (MB), Department of Internal Medicine (GBL, GM, TBS), and Center for Biostatistics (XM), College of Medicine, and Genomics Shared Resource (DEF, PSY), The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (CSC); Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CSC).
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy (YCT, SKK, ILL, ECH, CSC), Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics (WAH, DCG), Department of Surgery (MB), Department of Internal Medicine (GBL, GM, TBS), and Center for Biostatistics (XM), College of Medicine, and Genomics Shared Resource (DEF, PSY), The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan (CSC); Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (CSC).
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Dokla EME, Fang CS, Lai PT, Kulp SK, Serya RAT, Ismail NSM, Abouzid KAM, Chen CS. Development of Potent Adenosine Monophosphate Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Activators. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:1915-23. [PMID: 26350292 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we reported the identification of a thiazolidinedione-based adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator, compound 1 (N-[4-({3-[(1-methylcyclohexyl)methyl]-2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene}methyl)phenyl]-4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamide), which provided a proof of concept to delineate the intricate role of AMPK in regulating oncogenic signaling pathways associated with cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer cells. In this study, we used 1 as a scaffold to conduct lead optimization, which generated a series of derivatives. Analysis of the antiproliferative and AMPK-activating activities of individual derivatives revealed a distinct structure-activity relationship and identified 59 (N-(3-nitrophenyl)-N'-{4-[(3-{[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl}-2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl]phenyl}urea) as the optimal agent. Relative to 1, compound 59 exhibits multifold higher potency in upregulating AMPK phosphorylation in various cell lines irrespective of their liver kinase B1 (LKB1) functional status, accompanied by parallel changes in the phosphorylation/expression levels of p70S6K, Akt, Foxo3a, and EMT-associated markers. Consistent with its predicted activity against tumors with activated Akt status, orally administered 59 was efficacious in suppressing the growth of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN)-null PC-3 xenograft tumors in nude mice. Together, these findings suggest that 59 has clinical value in therapeutic strategies for PTEN-negative cancer and warrants continued investigation in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M E Dokla
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Room 336, Parks Hall, 500 West 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, POB 11566, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Chun-Sheng Fang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Room 336, Parks Hall, 500 West 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Po-Ting Lai
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Room 336, Parks Hall, 500 West 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Room 336, Parks Hall, 500 West 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Rabah A T Serya
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, POB 11566, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nasser S M Ismail
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, POB 11566, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled A M Abouzid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, POB 11566, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Room 336, Parks Hall, 500 West 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. .,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Yan R, Chuang HC, Kapuriya N, Chou CC, Lai PT, Chang HW, Yang CN, Kulp SK, Chen CS. Exploitation of the ability of γ-tocopherol to facilitate membrane co-localization of Akt and PHLPP1 to develop PHLPP1-targeted Akt inhibitors. J Med Chem 2015; 58:2290-8. [PMID: 25689347 DOI: 10.1021/jm501751b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that Akt inactivation by γ-tocopherol (2) in PTEN-negative prostate cancer cells resulted from its unique ability to facilitate membrane co-localization of Akt and PHLPP1 (PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase isoform 1), a Ser473-specific Akt phosphatase, through pleckstrin homology (PH) domain binding. This finding provided a basis for exploiting 2 to develop a novel class of PHLPP1-targeted Akt inhibitors. Here, we used 3 (γ-VE5), a side chain-truncated 2 derivative, as a scaffold for lead optimization. The proof-of-concept of this structural optimization was obtained by 20, which exhibited higher antitumor efficacy than 3 in PTEN-negative cancer cells through PHLPP1-facilitated Akt inactivation. Like 3, 20 preferentially recognized the PH domains of Akt and PHLPP1, as its binding affinities for other PH domains, including those of ILK and PDK1, were an order-of-magnitude lower. Moreover, 20 was orally active in suppressing xenograft tumor growth in nude mice, which underlines the translational potential of this new class of Akt inhibitor in PTEN-deficient cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ribai Yan
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Abstract
Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key player in maintaining energy homeostasis in response to metabolic stress. Beyond diabetes and metabolic syndrome, there is a growing interest in the therapeutic exploitation of the AMPK pathway in cancer treatment in light of its unique ability to regulate cancer cell proliferation through the reprogramming of cell metabolism. Although many studies support the tumor-suppressive role of AMPK, emerging evidence suggests that the metabolic checkpoint function of AMPK might be overridden by stress or oncogenic signals so that tumor cells use AMPK activation as a survival strategy to gain growth advantage. These findings underscore the complexity in the cellular function of AMPK in maintaining energy homeostasis under physiological versus pathological conditions. Thus, this review aims to provide an overview of recent findings on the functional interplay of AMPK with different cell metabolic and signaling effectors, particularly histone deacetylases, in mediating downstream tumor suppressive or promoting mechanisms in different cell systems. Although AMPK activation inhibits tumor growth by targeting multiple signaling pathways relevant to tumorigenesis, under certain cellular contexts or certain stages of tumor development, AMPK might act as a protective response to metabolic stresses, such as nutrient deprivation, low oxygen, and low pH, or as downstream effectors of oncogenic proteins, including androgen receptor, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, c-Src, and MYC. Thus, investigations to define at which stage(s) of tumorigenesis and cancer progression or for which genetic aberrations AMPK inhibition might represent a more relevant strategy than AMPK activation for cancer treatment are clearly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Rm 336, Parks Hall, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Lai IL, Chou CC, Lai PT, Fang CS, Shirley LA, Yan R, Mo X, Bloomston M, Kulp SK, Bekaii-Saab T, Chen CS. Targeting the Warburg effect with a novel glucose transporter inhibitor to overcome gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:2203-13. [PMID: 24879635 PMCID: PMC4178465 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine resistance remains a significant clinical challenge. Here, we used a novel glucose transporter (Glut) inhibitor, CG-5, as a proof-of-concept compound to investigate the therapeutic utility of targeting the Warburg effect to overcome gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer. The effects of gemcitabine and/or CG-5 on viability, survival, glucose uptake and DNA damage were evaluated in gemcitabine-sensitive and gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cell lines. Mechanistic studies were conducted to determine the molecular basis of gemcitabine resistance and the mechanism of CG-5-induced sensitization to gemcitabine. The effects of CG-5 on gemcitabine sensitivity were investigated in a xenograft tumor model of gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer. In contrast to gemcitabine-sensitive pancreatic cancer cells, the resistant Panc-1 and Panc-1(GemR) cells responded to gemcitabine by increasing the expression of ribonucleotide reductase M2 catalytic subunit (RRM2) through E2F1-mediated transcriptional activation. Acting as a pan-Glut inhibitor, CG-5 abrogated this gemcitabine-induced upregulation of RRM2 through decreased E2F1 expression, thereby enhancing gemcitabine-induced DNA damage and inhibition of cell survival. This CG-5-induced inhibition of E2F1 expression was mediated by the induction of a previously unreported E2F1-targeted microRNA, miR-520f. The addition of oral CG-5 to gemcitabine therapy caused greater suppression of Panc-1(GemR) xenograft tumor growth in vivo than either drug alone. Glut inhibition may be an effective strategy to enhance gemcitabine activity for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Lu Lai
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy
| | | | - Po-Ting Lai
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy
| | | | | | - Ribai Yan
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy
| | | | | | | | - Tanios Bekaii-Saab
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA and
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
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Chou CC, Salunke SB, Kulp SK, Chen CS. Prospects on strategies for therapeutically targeting oncogenic regulatory factors by small-molecule agents. J Cell Biochem 2014; 115:611-24. [PMID: 24166934 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although the Human Genome Project has raised much hope for the identification of druggable genetic targets for cancer and other diseases, this genetic target-based approach has not improved productivity in drug discovery over the traditional approach. Analyses of known human target proteins of currently marketed drugs reveal that these drugs target only a limited number of proteins as compared to the whole proteome. In contrast to genome-based targets, mechanistic targets are derived from empirical research, at cellular or molecular levels, in disease models and/or in patients, thereby enabling the exploration of a greater number of druggable targets beyond the genome and epigenome. The paradigm shift has made a tremendous headway in developing new therapeutic agents targeting different clinically relevant mechanisms/pathways in cancer cells. In this Prospects article, we provide an overview of potential drug targets related to the following four emerging areas: (1) tumor metabolism (the Warburg effect), (2) dysregulated protein turnover (E3 ubiquitin ligases), (3) protein-protein interactions, and (4) unique DNA high-order structures and protein-DNA interactions. Nonetheless, considering the genetic and phenotypic heterogeneities that characterize cancer cells, the development of drug resistance in cancer cells by adapting signaling circuitry to take advantage of redundant pathways or feedback/crosstalk systems is possible. This "phenotypic adaptation" underlies the rationale of using therapeutic combinations of these targeted agents with cytotoxic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chien Chou
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Chou CC, Lee KH, Lai IL, Wang D, Mo X, Kulp SK, Shapiro CL, Chen CS. AMPK reverses the mesenchymal phenotype of cancer cells by targeting the Akt-MDM2-Foxo3a signaling axis. Cancer Res 2014; 74:4783-95. [PMID: 24994714 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In cancer cells, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) confers the ability to invade basement membranes and metastasize to distant sites, establishing it as an appealing target for therapeutic intervention. Here, we report a novel function of the master metabolic kinase AMPK in suppressing EMT by modulating the Akt-MDM2-Foxo3 signaling axis. This mechanistic link was supported by the effects of siRNA-mediated knockdown and pharmacologic activation of AMPK on epithelial and mesenchymal markers in established breast and prostate cancer cells. Exposure of cells to OSU-53, a novel allosteric AMPK activator, as well as metformin and AICAR, was sufficient to reverse their mesenchymal phenotype. These effects were abrogated by AMPK silencing. Phenotypic changes were mediated by Foxo3a activation, insofar as silencing or overexpressing Foxo3a mimicked the effects of AMPK silencing or OSU-53 treatment on EMT, respectively. Mechanistically, Foxo3a activation led to the transactivation of the E-cadherin gene and repression of genes encoding EMT-inducing transcription factors. OSU-53 activated Foxo3a through two Akt-dependent pathways, one at the level of nuclear localization by blocking Akt- and IKKβ-mediated phosphorylation, and a second at the level of protein stabilization via cytoplasmic sequestration of MDM2, an E3 ligase responsible for Foxo3a degradation. The suppressive effects of OSU-53 on EMT had therapeutic implications illustrated by its ability to block invasive phenotypes in vitro and metastatic properties in vivo. Overall, our work illuminates a mechanism of EMT regulation in cancer cells mediated by AMPK, along with preclinical evidence supporting a tractable therapeutic strategy to reverse mesenchymal phenotypes associated with invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chien Chou
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Kuen-Haur Lee
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. Institute for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Lu Lai
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Dasheng Wang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Center for Biostatistics, Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Charles L Shapiro
- Division of Medical Oncology, Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Berman-Booty LD, Thomas-Ahner JM, Bolon B, Oglesbee MJ, Clinton SK, Kulp SK, Chen CS, La Perle KMD. Extra-prostatic transgene-associated neoplastic lesions in transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice. Toxicol Pathol 2014; 43:186-97. [PMID: 24742627 DOI: 10.1177/0192623314531351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Male transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice are frequently used in prostate cancer research because their prostates consistently develop a series of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Disease progression in TRAMP mouse prostates culminates in metastatic, poorly differentiated carcinomas with neuroendocrine features. The androgen dependence of the rat probasin promoter largely limits transgene expression to the prostatic epithelium. However, extra-prostatic transgene-positive lesions have been described in TRAMP mice, including renal tubuloacinar carcinomas, neuroendocrine carcinomas of the urethra, and phyllodes-like tumors of the seminal vesicle. Here, we describe the histologic and immunohistochemical features of 2 novel extra-prostatic lesions in TRAMP mice: primary anaplastic tumors of uncertain cell origin in the midbrain and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas of the submandibular salivary gland. These newly characterized tumors apparently result from transgene expression in extra-prostatic locations rather than representing metastatic prostate neoplasms because lesions were identified in both male and female mice and in male TRAMP mice without histologically apparent prostate tumors. In this article, we also calculate the incidences of the urethral carcinomas and renal tubuloacinar carcinomas, further elucidate the biological behavior of the urethral carcinomas, and demonstrate the critical importance of complete necropsies even when evaluating presumably well characterized phenotypes in genetically engineered mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa D Berman-Booty
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA Present address: Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer M Thomas-Ahner
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Brad Bolon
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA Comparative Pathology and Mouse Phenotyping Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael J Oglesbee
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Steven K Clinton
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Samuel K Kulp
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, China
| | - Krista M D La Perle
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA Comparative Pathology and Mouse Phenotyping Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Yang YL, Huang PH, Chiu HC, Kulp SK, Chen CS, Kuo CJ, Chen HD, Chen CS. Histone deacetylase inhibitor AR42 regulates telomerase activity in human glioma cells via an Akt-dependent mechanism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 435:107-12. [PMID: 23624506 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation via abnormal activation of histone deacetylases (HDACs) is a mechanism that leads to cancer initiation and promotion. Activation of HDACs results in transcriptional upregulation of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and increases telomerase activity during cellular immortalization and tumorigenesis. However, the effects of HDAC inhibitors on the transcription of hTERT vary in different cancer cells. Here, we studied the effects of a novel HDAC inhibitor, AR42, on telomerase activity in a PTEN-null U87MG glioma cell line. AR42 increased hTERT mRNA in U87MG glioma cells, but suppressed total telomerase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Further analyses suggested that AR42 decreases the phosphorylation of hTERT via an Akt-dependent mechanism. Suppression of Akt phosphorylation and telomerase activity was also observed with PI3K inhibitor LY294002 further supporting the hypothesis that Akt signaling is involved in suppression of AR42-induced inhibition of telomerase activity. Finally, ectopic expression of a constitutive active form of Akt restored telomerase activity in AR42-treated cells. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the novel HDAC inhibitor AR42 can suppress telomerase activity by inhibiting Akt-mediated hTERT phosphorylation, indicating that the PI3K/Akt pathway plays an important role in the regulation of telomerase activity in response to this HDAC inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Luen Yang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Chou CC, Lee SL, Kulp SK, Chen CS. Abstract 3958: T315, a novel integrin-linked kinase inhibitor, suppresses hypoxia-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-3958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an early event in metastasis that involves the loss by epithelial cells of many of their distinctive epithelial characteristics and the acquisition of mesenchymal properties. EMT can be induced in cancer cells by several factors, such as hypoxia and TGF-β1, leading to an aggressive and malignant phenotype. In prostate cancer therapy, EMT can be a major clinical challenge as it can contribute to tumor recurrence, therapy resistance, and metastasis. Recently, the integrin-linked kinase (ILK) has been identified as an important protein involved in the process of EMT by inducing the protein expression and activation of Snail, one of the major EMT markers in various cancer cells. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of T315, a novel ILK inhibitor developed in our laboratory, to block hypoxia-induced EMT in prostate cancer cells and to validate the role of ILK in hypoxia-induced EMT. Based on our results, the protein expression level of ILK was induced by hypoxia as well as EMT examined by efficiently decreasing the protein expression level of E-cadherin and increasing those of vimentin, Snail, and Zeb1 in PC-3 cells. This ILK induction was due to transcriptional regulation by HIF1α which also could be induced by positively regulating ILK promoter. To elucidate the mechanism of hypoxia-induced EMT in prostate cancer, we used T315 to show its ability to downregulate PKB/Akt and mTOR activities and decrease HIF1α expression. These results showed that hypoxia-induced EMT is driven by HIF1α/ILK positive loop in prostate cancer. Meanwhile, we also demonstrated that YB-1, a DNA/RNA binding protein, plays as a transcriptional factor to negatively regulate the expression of Foxo3a which has been showed as an EMT-related protein to regulate Snail and E-cadherin expression. Our results showed T315 could increase Foxo3a expression by inhibition of YB-1 protein expression. On the other hand, according to a previous study, GSK3β-mediated Snail phosphorylation altered the nuclear sequestration of Snail and caused Snail to undergo proteasomal degradation. Our results also showed that T315 could cause GSK3β dephosphorylation, increase the phosphorylation status of Snail and promote Snail degradation. More importantly, we performed functional assays to observe the inhibition of hypoxia-induced EMT in prostate cancer. T315 showed its ability to inhibit hypoxia-induced cell motility dose-dependently in migration, invasion and 3D culture assays. In conclusion, these results indicate that the inhibition of ILK can block hypoxia-induced EMT in prostate cancer cells as reflected by changes in molecular markers and cell behavior, and that this inhibition can be achieved by treatment with the novel small molecule agent T315, which may have therapeutic benefits for prostate cancer patients with subsequent metastasis.
Citation Format: Chih-Chien Chou, Su-Lin Lee, Samuel K. Kulp, Ching-Shih Chen. T315, a novel integrin-linked kinase inhibitor, suppresses hypoxia-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3958. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3958
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Huang PH, Chuang HC, Chou CC, Wang H, Lee SL, Yang HC, Chiu HC, Kapuriya N, Wang D, Kulp SK, Chen CS. Vitamin E facilitates the inactivation of the kinase Akt by the phosphatase PHLPP1. Sci Signal 2013; 6:ra19. [PMID: 23512990 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2003816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin with antioxidant properties. Tocopherols are the predominant form of vitamin E found in the diet and in supplements and have garnered interest for their potential cancer therapeutic and preventive effects, such as the dephosphorylation of Akt, a serine/threonine kinase with a pivotal role in cell growth, survival, and metabolism. Dephosphorylation of Akt at Ser473 substantially reduces its catalytic activity and inhibits downstream signaling. We found that the mechanism by which α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol facilitate this site-specific dephosphorylation of Akt was mediated through the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain-dependent recruitment of Akt and PHLPP1 (PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase, isoform 1) to the plasma membrane. We structurally optimized these tocopherols to obtain derivatives with greater in vitro potency and in vivo tumor-suppressive activity in two prostate xenograft tumor models. Binding affinities for the PH domains of Akt and PHLPP1 were greater than for other PH domain-containing proteins, which may underlie the preferential recruitment of these proteins to membranes containing tocopherols. Molecular modeling revealed the structural determinants of the interaction with the PH domain of Akt that may inform strategies for continued structural optimization. By describing a mechanism by which tocopherols facilitate the dephosphorylation of Akt at Ser473, we provide insights into the mode of antitumor action of tocopherols and a rationale for the translational development of tocopherols into novel PH domain-targeted Akt inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsien Huang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocrine disrupters have been shown to affect the male and female reproductive systems and to alter potential fertility. OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a continuous-release pellet containing 12 mg of zeranol for 30 days on the testes and the prostate gland of mature male rats. RESULTS Zeranol treatment induced significant decrease of the testes and the prostate gland weights which were associated with a remarkable atrophy of the testicular seminiferous tubules and prominent regression of the glandular compartment of the prostate gland. However, zeranol treatment increased the thickness of the periductal layer of stromal cells of the prostate gland from a thin layer that express intense immunostaining of SM-actin and mild vimentin to a thicker layer of cells that exhibited intense immunostaining for both SM-actin and vimentin. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that zeranol-induced changes to the prostate gland could result from either a direct effect of zeranol on the prostate gland or an indirect effect by interfering with testosterone production through disruption of testicular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falah Shidaifat
- Laboratory of Reproductive and Molecular Endocrinology, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University , 1900 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH , USA
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Berman-Booty LD, Chu PC, Thomas-Ahner JM, Bolon B, Wang D, Yang T, Clinton SK, Kulp SK, Chen CS. Suppression of prostate epithelial proliferation and intraprostatic progrowth signaling in transgenic mice by a new energy restriction-mimetic agent. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2012; 6:232-41. [PMID: 23275006 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-12-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cells undergoing malignant transformation often exhibit a shift in cellular metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. This glycolytic shift, called the Warburg effect, provides a mechanistic basis for targeting glycolysis to suppress carcinogenesis through the use of dietary caloric restriction and energy restriction-mimetic agents (ERMA). We recently reported the development of a novel class of ERMAs that exhibits high potency in eliciting starvation-associated cellular responses and epigenetic changes in cancer cells though glucose uptake inhibition. The lead ERMA in this class, OSU-CG5, decreases the production of ATP and NADH in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. In this study, we examined the effect of OSU-CG5 on the severity of preneoplastic lesions in male transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice. Daily oral treatment with OSU-CG5 at 100 mg/kg from 6 to 10 weeks of age resulted in a statistically significant decrease in the weight of urogenital tract and microdissected dorsal, lateral, and anterior prostatic lobes relative to vehicle controls. The suppressive effect of OSU-CG5 was evidenced by marked decreases in Ki67 immunostaining and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in the prostate. OSU-CG5 treatment was not associated with evidence of systemic toxicity. Microarray analysis indicated a central role for Akt, and Western blot analysis showed reduced phosphorylation and/or expression levels of Akt, Src, androgen receptor, and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor in prostate lobes. These findings support further investigation of OSU-CG5 as a potential chemopreventive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa D Berman-Booty
- College of Pharmacy, 336 Parks Hall, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Chu PC, Chuang HC, Kulp SK, Chen CS. The mRNA-stabilizing factor HuR protein is targeted by β-TrCP protein for degradation in response to glycolysis inhibition. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:43639-50. [PMID: 23115237 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.393678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The mRNA-stabilizing protein HuR acts a stress response protein whose function and/or protein stability are modulated by diverse stress stimuli through posttranslational modifications. Here, we report a novel mechanism by which metabolic stress facilitates proteasomal degradation of HuR in cancer cells. In response to the glucose transporter inhibitor CG-5, HuR translocates to the cytoplasm, where it is targeted by the ubiquitin E3 ligase β-TrCP1 for degradation. The cytoplasmic localization of HuR is facilitated by PKCα-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-318 as the Ser-318 → alanine substitution abolishes the ability of the resulting HuR to bind PKCα and to undergo nuclear export. The mechanistic link between β-TrCP1 and HuR degradation was supported by the ability of ectopically expressed β-TrCP1 to mimic CG-5 to promote HuR degradation and by the protective effect of dominant negative inhibition of β-TrCP1 on HuR ubiquitination and degradation. Substrate targeting of HuR by β-TrCP1 was further verified by coimmunoprecipitation and in vitro GST pull-down assays and by the identification of a β-TrCP1 recognition site. Although HuR does not contain a DSG destruction motif, we obtained evidence that β-TrCP1 recognizes an unconventional motif, (296)EEAMAIAS(304), in the RNA recognition motif 3. Furthermore, mutational analysis indicates that IKKα-dependent phosphorylation at Ser-304 is crucial to the binding of HuR to β-TrCP1. Mechanistically, this HuR degradation pathway differs from that reported for heat shock and hypoxia, which underlies the complexity in the regulation of HuR turnover under different stress stimuli. The ability of glycolysis inhibitors to target the expression of oncogenic proteins through HuR degradation might foster novel strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chen Chu
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43221, USA
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Wei S, Chu PC, Chuang HC, Hung WC, Kulp SK, Chen CS. Targeting the oncogenic E3 ligase Skp2 in prostate and breast cancer cells with a novel energy restriction-mimetic agent. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47298. [PMID: 23071779 PMCID: PMC3470570 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial evidence supports the oncogenic role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2) in many types of cancers through its ability to target a broad range of signaling effectors for ubiquitination. Thus, this oncogenic E3 ligase represents an important target for cancer drug discovery. In this study, we report a novel mechanism by which CG-12, a novel energy restriction-mimetic agent (ERMA), down-regulates the expression of Skp2 in prostate cancer cells. Pursuant to our previous finding that upregulation of β-transducin repeat-containing protein (β-TrCP) expression represents a cellular response in cancer cells to ERMAs, including CG-12 and 2-deoxyglucose, we demonstrated that this β-TrCP accumulation resulted from decreased Skp2 expression. Evidence indicates that Skp2 targets β-TrCP for degradation via the cyclin-dependent kinase 2-facilitated recognition of the proline-directed phosphorylation motif 412SP. This Skp2 downregulation was attributable to Sirt1-dependent suppression of COP9 signalosome (Csn)5 expression in response to CG-12, leading to increased cullin 1 neddylation in the Skp1-cullin1-F-box protein complex and consequent Skp2 destabilization. Moreover, we determined that Skp2 and β-TrCP are mutually regulated, providing a feedback mechanism that amplifies the suppressive effect of ERMAs on Skp2. Specifically, cellular accumulation of β-TrCP reduced the expression of Sp1, a β-TrCP substrate, which, in turn, reduced Skp2 gene expression. This Skp2-β-TrCP-Sp1 feedback loop represents a novel crosstalk mechanism between these two important F-box proteins in cancer cells with aberrant Skp2 expression under energy restriction, which provides a proof-of-concept that the oncogenic Csn5/Skp2 signaling axis represents a “druggable” target for this novel ERMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wei
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Po-Chen Chu
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hsiao-Ching Chuang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Wen-Chun Hung
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Samuel K. Kulp
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Chiu HC, Lee SL, Kapuriya N, Wang D, Chen YR, Yu SL, Kulp SK, Teng LJ, Chen CS. Development of novel antibacterial agents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:4653-60. [PMID: 22750009 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a serious threat to public health because of its resistance to multiple antibiotics most commonly used to treat infection. In this study, we report the unique ability of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor celecoxib to kill Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA with modest potency. We hypothesize that the anti-Staphylococcus activity of celecoxib could be pharmacologically exploited to develop novel anti-MRSA agents with a distinct mechanism. Examination of an in-house, celecoxib-based focused compound library in conjunction with structural modifications led to the identification of compound 46 as the lead agent with high antibacterial potency against a panel of Staphylococcus pathogens and different strains of MRSA. Moreover, this killing effect is bacteria-specific, as human cancer cells are resistant to 46. In addition, a single intraperitoneal administration of compound 46 at 30 mg/kg improved the survival of MRSA-infected C57BL/6 mice. In light of its high potency in eradicating MRSA in vitro and its in vivo activity, compound 46 and its analogues warrant continued preclinical development as a potential therapeutic intervention against MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Chieh Chiu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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Chuang HC, Kapuriya N, Kulp SK, Chen CS, Shapiro CL. Differential anti-proliferative activities of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012; 134:649-59. [PMID: 22678161 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-012-2106-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in the clinical evaluation of various poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, data defining potential anti-tumor mechanisms beyond PARP inhibition for these agents are lacking. To address this issue, we investigated the effects of four different PARP inhibitors (AG-014699, AZD-2281, ABT-888, and BSI-201) in three genetically distinct TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-231, and Cal-51). Assays of cell viability and colony formation and flow cytometric analysis were used to determine effects on cell growth and cell cycle progression. PARP-dependent and -independent signaling mechanisms of each PARP inhibitor were investigated by western blotting and shRNA approaches. Potential synergistic interactions between PARP inhibitors and cisplatin in suppressing TNBC cell viability were assessed. These PARP inhibitors exhibited differential anti-tumor activities, with the relative potencies of AG-014699 > AZD-2281 > ABT-888 > BSI-201. The higher potencies of AG-014699 and AZD-2281 were associated with their effects on G(2)/M arrest and DNA damage as manifested by γ-H2AX formation and, for AG-014699, its unique ability to suppress Stat3 phosphorylation. Abilities of individual PARP inhibitors to sensitize TNBC cells to cisplatin varied to a great extent in a cell context- and cell line-specific manner. Differential activation of signaling pathways suggests that the PARP inhibitors currently in clinical trials have different anti-tumor mechanisms beyond PARP inhibition and these PARP-independent mechanisms warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Ching Chuang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University (OSU), Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Wang D, Chu PC, Yang CN, Yan R, Chuang YC, Kulp SK, Chen CS. Development of a novel class of glucose transporter inhibitors. J Med Chem 2012; 55:3827-36. [PMID: 22468970 DOI: 10.1021/jm300015m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of our finding that the antitumor effect of 5-{4-[(1-methylcyclohexyl)methoxy]benzyl}thiazolidine-2,4-dione, a thiazolidinedione peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ agonist, was, in part, attributable to its ability to block glucose uptake independently of PPARγ, we used its PPARγ-inactive analogue to develop a novel class of glucose transporter (GLUT) inhibitors. This lead optimization led to compound 30 {5-(4-hydroxy-3-trifluoromethylbenzylidene)-3-[4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methyl-2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)butyl]thiazolidine-2,4-dione} as the optimal agent, which exhibited high antitumor potency through the suppression of glucose uptake (IC(50), 2.5 μM), while not cytotoxic to prostate and mammary epithelial cells. This glucose uptake inhibition was associated with the inhibition of GLUT1 (IC(50), 2 μM). Moreover, the mechanism of antitumor action of compound 30 was validated by its effect on a series of energy restriction-associated cellular responses. Homology modeling analysis suggests that the inhibitory effect of compound 30 on glucose entry was attributable to its ability to bind to the GLUT1 channel at a site distinct from that of glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasheng Wang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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48
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McCleese JK, Bear MD, Kulp SK, Mazcko C, Khanna C, London CA. Met interacts with EGFR and Ron in canine osteosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2011; 11:124-39. [PMID: 22235915 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5829.2011.00309.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) Met is known to be over-expressed in canine osteosarcoma (OSA). In human cancers, the RTKs Met, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Ron are frequently co-expressed and engage in heterodimerization, altering signal transduction and promoting resistance to targeted therapeutics. We found that EGFR and Ron are expressed in canine OSA cell lines and primary tissues, EGFR and Ron are frequently phosphorylated in OSA tumour samples, and Met is co-associated with EGFR and Ron in canine OSA cell lines. Transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) stimulation induced amplification of ERK1/2 and STAT3 phosphorylation in OSA cells and Met was phosphorylated following TGFα stimulation providing evidence for receptor cross-talk. Lastly, treatment of OSA cells with combined gefitinib and crizotinib inhibited cell proliferation in an additive manner. Together, these data support the notion that Met, EGFR and Ron interact in OSA cells and as such, may represent viable targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K McCleese
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Berman-Booty LD, Sargeant AM, Rosol TJ, Rengel RC, Clinton SK, Chen CS, Kulp SK. A review of the existing grading schemes and a proposal for a modified grading scheme for prostatic lesions in TRAMP mice. Toxicol Pathol 2011; 40:5-17. [PMID: 22021166 DOI: 10.1177/0192623311425062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) model is well established and offers several advantages for the study of chemopreventive agents, including its well-defined course of disease progression and high incidence of poorly differentiated carcinomas within a relatively short length of time. However, there is no consensus on the grading of prostatic lesions in these mice. In particular, agreement is lacking on the criteria for differentiating prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) from well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, specifically as it relates to evidence of invasion. This differentiation is critical for evaluating the effects of putative chemopreventive agents on progression to neoplasia. Moreover, only one of the published grading schemes assigns numerical grades to prostatic lesions, which facilitate statistical analysis. Here, we review five currently available grading schemes and propose a refined scheme that provides a useful definition of invasion for the differentiation of PIN from well-differentiated adenocarcinoma and includes a numerical scoring system that accounts for both the most severe and most common histopathological lesions in each of the lobes of the prostate and their distributions. We expect that researchers will find this refined grading scheme to be useful for chemoprevention studies in TRAMP mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa D Berman-Booty
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Lee KH, Hsu EC, Guh JH, Yang HC, Wang D, Kulp SK, Shapiro CL, Chen CS. Targeting energy metabolic and oncogenic signaling pathways in triple-negative breast cancer by a novel adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:39247-58. [PMID: 21917926 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.264598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The antitumor activities of the novel adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator, OSU-53, were assessed in in vitro and in vivo models of triple-negative breast cancer. OSU-53 directly stimulated recombinant AMPK kinase activity (EC(50), 0.3 μM) and inhibited the viability and clonogenic growth of MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells with equal potency (IC(50), 5 and 2 μM, respectively) despite lack of LKB1 expression in MDA-MB-231 cells. Nonmalignant MCF-10A cells, however, were unaffected. Beyond AMPK-mediated effects on mammalian target of rapamycin signaling and lipogenesis, OSU-53 also targeted multiple AMPK downstream pathways. Among these, the protein phosphatase 2A-dependent dephosphorylation of Akt is noteworthy because it circumvents the feedback activation of Akt that results from mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition. OSU-53 also modulated energy homeostasis by suppressing fatty acid biosynthesis and shifting the metabolism to oxidation by up-regulating the expression of key regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis, such as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α and the transcription factor nuclear respiratory factor 1. Moreover, OSU-53 suppressed LPS-induced IL-6 production, thereby blocking subsequent Stat3 activation, and inhibited hypoxia-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in association with the silencing of hypoxia-inducible factor 1a and the E-cadherin repressor Snail. In MDA-MB-231 tumor-bearing mice, daily oral administration of OSU-53 (50 and 100 mg/kg) suppressed tumor growth by 47-49% and modulated relevant intratumoral biomarkers of drug activity. However, OSU-53 also induced protective autophagy that attenuated its antiproliferative potency. Accordingly, cotreatment with the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine increased the in vivo tumor-suppressive activity of OSU-53. OSU-53 is a potent, orally bioavailable AMPK activator that acts through a broad spectrum of antitumor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuen-Haur Lee
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1291, USA
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