1
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Abuter R, Allouche F, Amorim A, Bailet C, Berdeu A, Berger JP, Berio P, Bigioli A, Boebion O, Bolzer ML, Bonnet H, Bourdarot G, Bourget P, Brandner W, Cao Y, Conzelmann R, Comin M, Clénet Y, Courtney-Barrer B, Davies R, Defrère D, Delboulbé A, Delplancke-Ströbele F, Dembet R, Dexter J, de Zeeuw PT, Drescher A, Eckart A, Édouard C, Eisenhauer F, Fabricius M, Feuchtgruber H, Finger G, Förster Schreiber NM, Garcia P, Garcia Lopez R, Gao F, Gendron E, Genzel R, Gil JP, Gillessen S, Gomes T, Gonté F, Gouvret C, Guajardo P, Guieu S, Hackenberg W, Haddad N, Hartl M, Haubois X, Haußmann F, Heißel G, Henning T, Hippler S, Hönig SF, Horrobin M, Hubin N, Jacqmart E, Jocou L, Kaufer A, Kervella P, Kolb J, Korhonen H, Lacour S, Lagarde S, Lai O, Lapeyrère V, Laugier R, Le Bouquin JB, Leftley J, Léna P, Lewis S, Liu D, Lopez B, Lutz D, Magnard Y, Mang F, Marcotto A, Maurel D, Mérand A, Millour F, More N, Netzer H, Nowacki H, Nowak M, Oberti S, Ott T, Pallanca L, Paumard T, Perraut K, Perrin G, Petrov R, Pfuhl O, Pourré N, Rabien S, Rau C, Riquelme M, Robbe-Dubois S, Rochat S, Salman M, Sanchez-Bermudez J, Santos DJD, Scheithauer S, Schöller M, Schubert J, Schuhler N, Shangguan J, Shchekaturov P, Shimizu TT, Sevin A, Soulez F, Spang A, Stadler E, Sternberg A, Straubmeier C, Sturm E, Sykes C, Tacconi LJ, Tristram KRW, Vincent F, von Fellenberg S, Uysal S, Widmann F, Wieprecht E, Wiezorrek E, Woillez J, Zins G. A dynamical measure of the black hole mass in a quasar 11 billion years ago. Nature 2024; 627:281-285. [PMID: 38286342 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07053-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Tight relationships exist in the local Universe between the central stellar properties of galaxies and the mass of their supermassive black hole (SMBH)1-3. These suggest that galaxies and black holes co-evolve, with the main regulation mechanism being energetic feedback from accretion onto the black hole during its quasar phase4-6. A crucial question is how the relationship between black holes and galaxies evolves with time; a key epoch to examine this relationship is at the peaks of star formation and black hole growth 8-12 billion years ago (redshifts 1-3)7. Here we report a dynamical measurement of the mass of the black hole in a luminous quasar at a redshift of 2, with a look back in time of 11 billion years, by spatially resolving the broad-line region (BLR). We detect a 40-μas (0.31-pc) spatial offset between the red and blue photocentres of the Hα line that traces the velocity gradient of a rotating BLR. The flux and differential phase spectra are well reproduced by a thick, moderately inclined disk of gas clouds within the sphere of influence of a central black hole with a mass of 3.2 × 108 solar masses. Molecular gas data reveal a dynamical mass for the host galaxy of 6 × 1011 solar masses, which indicates an undermassive black hole accreting at a super-Eddington rate. This suggests a host galaxy that grew faster than the SMBH, indicating a delay between galaxy and black hole formation for some systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Abuter
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
| | - F Allouche
- Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
| | - A Amorim
- Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- CENTRA - Centro de Astrofísica e Gravitação, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - C Bailet
- Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
| | - A Berdeu
- LESIA - Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Meudon, France
| | - J-P Berger
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France
| | - P Berio
- Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
| | - A Bigioli
- Institute of Astronomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - O Boebion
- Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
| | - M-L Bolzer
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
- Department of Physics, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany
- Univ. Lyon, Univ. Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon UMR5574, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - H Bonnet
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
| | - G Bourdarot
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - P Bourget
- European Southern Observatory, Santiago, Chile
| | - W Brandner
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Y Cao
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - R Conzelmann
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
| | - M Comin
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
| | - Y Clénet
- LESIA - Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Meudon, France
| | - B Courtney-Barrer
- European Southern Observatory, Santiago, Chile
- Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, College of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - R Davies
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - D Defrère
- Institute of Astronomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Delboulbé
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France
| | | | - R Dembet
- LESIA - Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Meudon, France
| | - J Dexter
- Department of Astrophysical & Planetary Sciences, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - A Drescher
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - A Eckart
- Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Bonn, Germany
- 1st Institute of Physics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - C Édouard
- LESIA - Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Meudon, France
| | - F Eisenhauer
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - M Fabricius
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - H Feuchtgruber
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - G Finger
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | | | - P Garcia
- CENTRA - Centro de Astrofísica e Gravitação, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Garcia Lopez
- School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - F Gao
- Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Bonn, Germany
| | - E Gendron
- LESIA - Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Meudon, France
| | - R Genzel
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
- Departments of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - J P Gil
- European Southern Observatory, Santiago, Chile
| | - S Gillessen
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - T Gomes
- CENTRA - Centro de Astrofísica e Gravitação, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - F Gonté
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
| | - C Gouvret
- Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
| | - P Guajardo
- European Southern Observatory, Santiago, Chile
| | - S Guieu
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France
| | - W Hackenberg
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
| | - N Haddad
- European Southern Observatory, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Hartl
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - X Haubois
- European Southern Observatory, Santiago, Chile
| | - F Haußmann
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - G Heißel
- LESIA - Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Meudon, France
- Advanced Concepts Team, European Space Agency, TEC-SF, ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Th Henning
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Hippler
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S F Hönig
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - M Horrobin
- 1st Institute of Physics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - N Hubin
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
| | - E Jacqmart
- Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
| | - L Jocou
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France
| | - A Kaufer
- European Southern Observatory, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Kervella
- LESIA - Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Meudon, France
| | - J Kolb
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
| | - H Korhonen
- European Southern Observatory, Santiago, Chile
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Lacour
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
- LESIA - Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Meudon, France
| | - S Lagarde
- Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
| | - O Lai
- Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
| | - V Lapeyrère
- LESIA - Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Meudon, France
| | - R Laugier
- Institute of Astronomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - J Leftley
- Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
| | - P Léna
- LESIA - Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Meudon, France
| | - S Lewis
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
| | - D Liu
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - B Lopez
- Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
| | - D Lutz
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - Y Magnard
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France
| | - F Mang
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
- Department of Physics, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - A Marcotto
- Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
| | - D Maurel
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France
| | - A Mérand
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
| | - F Millour
- Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
| | - N More
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - H Netzer
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - H Nowacki
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France
| | - M Nowak
- Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Oberti
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
| | - T Ott
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - L Pallanca
- European Southern Observatory, Santiago, Chile
| | - T Paumard
- LESIA - Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Meudon, France
| | - K Perraut
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France
| | - G Perrin
- LESIA - Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Meudon, France
| | - R Petrov
- Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
| | - O Pfuhl
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
| | - N Pourré
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France
| | - S Rabien
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - C Rau
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - M Riquelme
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
| | - S Robbe-Dubois
- Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
| | - S Rochat
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France
| | - M Salman
- Institute of Astronomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Sanchez-Bermudez
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, Germany
- Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - D J D Santos
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - S Scheithauer
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Schöller
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
| | - J Schubert
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - N Schuhler
- European Southern Observatory, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Shangguan
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | | | - T T Shimizu
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany.
| | - A Sevin
- LESIA - Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Meudon, France
| | - F Soulez
- Univ. Lyon, Univ. Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon UMR5574, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - A Spang
- Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
| | - E Stadler
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France
| | - A Sternberg
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - C Straubmeier
- 1st Institute of Physics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - E Sturm
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - C Sykes
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - L J Tacconi
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | | | - F Vincent
- LESIA - Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Meudon, France
| | | | - S Uysal
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - F Widmann
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - E Wieprecht
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - E Wiezorrek
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - J Woillez
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
| | - G Zins
- European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
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2
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Giannotti A, Lo Vecchio S, Musco S, Pollina L, Vallone F, Strauss I, Paggi V, Bernini F, Gabisonia K, Carlucci L, Lenzi C, Pirone A, Giannessi E, Miragliotta V, Lacour S, Del Popolo G, Moccia S, Micera S. Decoding bladder state from pudendal intraneural signals in pigs. APL Bioeng 2023; 7:046101. [PMID: 37811476 PMCID: PMC10558243 DOI: 10.1063/5.0156484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroprosthetic devices used for the treatment of lower urinary tract dysfunction, such as incontinence or urinary retention, apply a pre-set continuous, open-loop stimulation paradigm, which can cause voiding dysfunctions due to neural adaptation. In the literature, conditional, closed-loop stimulation paradigms have been shown to increase bladder capacity and voiding efficacy compared to continuous stimulation. Current limitations to the implementation of the closed-loop stimulation paradigm include the lack of robust and real-time decoding strategies for the bladder fullness state. We recorded intraneural pudendal nerve signals in five anesthetized pigs. Three bladder-filling states, corresponding to empty, full, and micturition, were decoded using the Random Forest classifier. The decoding algorithm showed a mean balanced accuracy above 86.67% among the three classes for all five animals. Our approach could represent an important step toward the implementation of an adaptive real-time closed-loop stimulation protocol for pudendal nerve modulation, paving the way for the design of an assisted-as-needed neuroprosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Giannotti
- The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - S. Lo Vecchio
- The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - S. Musco
- Neuro-Urology Department, Careggi University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - L. Pollina
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Translational NeuroEngineering, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F. Vallone
- The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - I. Strauss
- Laboratory for Biomedical Microtechnology, Department of Microsystems Engineering–IMTEK, IMBIT//NeuroProbes BrainLinks-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - V. Paggi
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Microengineering and Bioengineering, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F. Bernini
- BioMedLab, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - K. Gabisonia
- BioMedLab, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - L. Carlucci
- BioMedLab, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - C. Lenzi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - A. Pirone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - E. Giannessi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - V. Miragliotta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - S. Lacour
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Microengineering and Bioengineering, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G. Del Popolo
- Neuro-Urology Department, Careggi University Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - S. Moccia
- The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - S. Micera
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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3
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Strauss I, Agnesi F, Zinno C, Giannotti A, Dushpanova A, Casieri V, Terlizzi D, Bernini F, Gabisonia K, Wu Y, Jiang D, Paggi V, Lacour S, Recchia F, Demosthenous A, Lionetti V, Micera S. Neural Stimulation Hardware for the Selective Intrafascicular Modulation of the Vagus Nerve. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2023; 31:4449-4458. [PMID: 37917519 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2023.3329735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The neural stimulation of the vagus nerve is able to modulate various functions of the parasympathetic response in different organs. The stimulation of the vagus nerve is a promising approach to treating inflammatory diseases, obesity, diabetes, heart failure, and hypertension. The complexity of the vagus nerve requires highly selective stimulation, allowing the modulation of target-specific organs without side effects. Here, we address this issue by adapting a neural stimulator and developing an intraneural electrode for the particular modulation of the vagus nerve. The neurostimulator parameters such as amplitude, pulse width, and pulse shape were modulated. Single-, and multi-channel stimulation was performed at different amplitudes. For the first time, a polyimide thin-film neural electrode was designed for the specific stimulation of the vagus nerve. In vivo experiments were performed in the adult minipig to validate to elicit electrically evoked action potentials and to modulate physiological functions, validating the spatial selectivity of intraneural stimulation. Electrochemical tests of the electrode and the neurostimulator showed that the stimulation hardware was working correctly. Stimulating the porcine vagus nerve resulted in spatially selective modulation of the vagus nerve. ECAP belonging to alpha and beta fibers could be distinguished during single- and multi-channel stimulation. We have shown that the here presented system is able to activate the vagus nerve and can therefore modulate the heart rate, diastolic pressure, and systolic pressure. The here presented system may be used to restore the cardiac loop after denervation by implementing biomimetic stimulation patterns. Presented methods may be used to develop intraneural electrodes adapted for various applications.
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Pourcelot M, da Silva Moraes RA, Lacour S, Fablet A, Caignard G, Vitour D. Activation of Inflammasome during Bluetongue Virus Infection. Pathogens 2023; 12:801. [PMID: 37375491 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12060801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bluetongue virus (BTV), a double-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Sedoreoviridae family, provokes an economically important disease in ruminants. In this study, we show that the production of activated caspase-1 and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) is induced in BTV-infected cells. This response seems to require virus replication since a UV-inactivated virus is unable to activate this pathway. In NLRP3-/- cells, BTV could not trigger further IL-1β synthesis, indicating that it occurs through NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Interestingly, we observed differential activation levels in bovine endothelial cells depending on the tissue origin. In particular, inflammasome activation was stronger in umbilical cord cells, suggesting that these cells are more prone to induce the inflammasome upon BTV infection. Finally, the strength of the inflammasome activation also depends on the BTV strain, which points to the importance of viral origin in inflammasome modulation. This work reports the crucial role of BTV in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and further shows that this activation relies on BTV replication, strains, and cell types, thus providing new insights into BTV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Pourcelot
- UMR Virologie, Laboratory for Animal Health, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, ANSES, 94703 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Rayane Amaral da Silva Moraes
- UMR Virologie, Laboratory for Animal Health, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, ANSES, 94703 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Sandrine Lacour
- UMR Virologie, Laboratory for Animal Health, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, ANSES, 94703 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Aurore Fablet
- UMR Virologie, Laboratory for Animal Health, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, ANSES, 94703 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Grégory Caignard
- UMR Virologie, Laboratory for Animal Health, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, ANSES, 94703 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Damien Vitour
- UMR Virologie, Laboratory for Animal Health, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, ANSES, 94703 Maisons-Alfort, France
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5
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Grot A, Unterfinger Y, Lacour S, Bell-Sakyi L, Attoui H, Richardson J, Sourisseau M. [Cell hijacking by a tick-borne flavivirus: dangerous linkages between viral RNA and cellular proteins in humans and the tick Ixodes ricinus]. Virologie (Montrouge) 2023; 27:208-209. [PMID: 37462939 DOI: 10.1684/vir.2023.1006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Grot
- Virologie UMR1161 (VIRO), École nationale vétérinaire-Alfort, Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, 7 avenue du Général de Gaulle 94704 Maisons-Alfort cedex, France
| | - Yves Unterfinger
- Virologie UMR1161 (VIRO), École nationale vétérinaire-Alfort, Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, 7 avenue du Général de Gaulle 94704 Maisons-Alfort cedex, France
| | - Sandrine Lacour
- Virologie UMR1161 (VIRO), École nationale vétérinaire-Alfort, Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, 7 avenue du Général de Gaulle 94704 Maisons-Alfort cedex, France
| | - Lesley Bell-Sakyi
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool Science Park IC2, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, United Kingdom
| | - Houssam Attoui
- Virologie UMR1161 (VIRO), École nationale vétérinaire-Alfort, Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, 7 avenue du Général de Gaulle 94704 Maisons-Alfort cedex, France
| | - Jennifer Richardson
- Virologie UMR1161 (VIRO), École nationale vétérinaire-Alfort, Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, 7 avenue du Général de Gaulle 94704 Maisons-Alfort cedex, France
| | - Marion Sourisseau
- Virologie UMR1161 (VIRO), École nationale vétérinaire-Alfort, Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, 7 avenue du Général de Gaulle 94704 Maisons-Alfort cedex, France
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Paillaud E, Brugel L, Bertolus C, Baron M, Bequignon E, Caillet P, Schouman T, Lacau Saint Guily J, Périé S, Bouvard E, Laurent M, Salvan D, Chaumette L, de Decker L, Piot B, Barry B, Raynaud-Simon A, Sauvaget E, Bach C, Bizard A, Bounar A, Minard A, Aziz B, Chevalier E, Chevalier D, Gaxatte C, Malard O, Liuu E, Lacour S, Gregoire L, Lafont C, Canouï-Poitrine F. Effectiveness of Geriatric Assessment-Driven Interventions on Survival and Functional and Nutritional Status in Older Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial (EGeSOR). Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133290. [PMID: 35805060 PMCID: PMC9265581 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Due to population ageing, there is an increasing number of older patients with head and neck cancers (HNC). Management of HNCs is complex. This population may be frailer than other patients with solid cancer. The Geriatric Assessment (GA) is a multidimensional diagnostic and therapeutic tool focused on frailty to propose a coordinated treatment plan and long-term follow-up. Several trials assessed the efficacy of GA-driven interventions on diverse outcomes but no recent randomized controlled trial demonstrated the impact on mortality, functional, or nutritional status as a primary outcome in this particular population. This trial highlighted several difficulties in implementation of geriatric interventions and suggested that the assessment of other models as co-management with oncologists and/or experienced practice nurses could be useful in clinical routine practice. Abstract This study assesses the efficacy of Geriatric Assessment (GA)-driven interventions and follow-up on six-month mortality, functional, and nutritional status in older patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). HNC patients aged 65 years or over were included between November 2013 and September 2018 by 15 Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) and maxillofacial surgery departments at 13 centers in France. The study was of an open-label, multicenter, randomized, controlled, and parallel-group design, with independent outcome assessments. The patients were randomized 1:1 to benefit from GA-driven interventions and follow-up versus standard of care. The interventions consisted in a pre-therapeutic GA, a standardized geriatric intervention, and follow-up, tailored to the cancer-treatment plan for 24 months. The primary outcome was a composite criterion including six-month mortality, functional impairment (fall in the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score ≥2), and weight loss ≥10%. Among the patients included (n = 499), 475 were randomized to the experimental (n = 238) or control arm (n = 237). The median age was 75.3 years [70.4–81.9]; 69.5% were men, and the principal tumor site was oral cavity (43.9%). There were no statistically significant differences regarding the primary endpoint (n = 98 events; 41.0% in the experimental arm versus 90 (38.0%); p = 0.53), or for each criterion (i.e., death (31 (13%) versus 27 (11.4%); p = 0.48), weight loss of ≥10% (69 (29%) versus 65 (27.4%); p = 0.73) and fall in ADL score ≥2 (9 (3.8%) versus 13 (5.5%); p = 0.35)). In older patients with HNC, GA-driven interventions and follow-up failed to improve six-month overall survival, functional, and nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Paillaud
- IMRB, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Est Créteil, F-94010 Créteil, France; (P.C.); (M.L.); (C.L.); (F.C.-P.)
- Département de Gériatrie, Paris Cancer Institute CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F-75015 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-156-09-33-10
| | - Lydia Brugel
- Service d’ORL et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, F-94010 Créteil, France; (L.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Chloe Bertolus
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié Salpétrière, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F-75013 Paris, France; (C.B.); (T.S.)
| | - Melany Baron
- Service de Soins de Suites et de Réadaptation Gériatrique, Sorbonne Université, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F-94205 Ivry sur Seine, France;
| | - Emilie Bequignon
- Service d’ORL et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, F-94010 Créteil, France; (L.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Philippe Caillet
- IMRB, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Est Créteil, F-94010 Créteil, France; (P.C.); (M.L.); (C.L.); (F.C.-P.)
- Département de Gériatrie, Paris Cancer Institute CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Schouman
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié Salpétrière, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F-75013 Paris, France; (C.B.); (T.S.)
| | - Jean Lacau Saint Guily
- Département d’ORL, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F-75020 Paris, France; (J.L.S.G.); (S.P.)
- Département d’ORL, J Lacau St Guily Exerce à l’Hôpital-Fondation Rothschild, S Périé Exerce à la Clinique Hartmann, F-92200 Neuilly Sur Seine, France
| | - Sophie Périé
- Département d’ORL, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F-75020 Paris, France; (J.L.S.G.); (S.P.)
- Département d’ORL, J Lacau St Guily Exerce à l’Hôpital-Fondation Rothschild, S Périé Exerce à la Clinique Hartmann, F-92200 Neuilly Sur Seine, France
| | - Eric Bouvard
- Service de Gériatrie, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F-75020 Paris, France;
| | - Marie Laurent
- IMRB, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Est Créteil, F-94010 Créteil, France; (P.C.); (M.L.); (C.L.); (F.C.-P.)
- Département de Gériatrie, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Didier Salvan
- Service ORL et Cervico-Facial, Centre Hospitalier Sud Francilien, F-91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France;
| | - Laurence Chaumette
- Service de Court Sejour Gériatrique, Centre Hospitalier Sud Francilien, F-91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France;
| | - Laure de Decker
- Service de Gériatrie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, F-44093 Nantes, France;
| | - Benoit Piot
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Stomatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, F-44093 Nantes, France;
| | - Beatrix Barry
- Service ORL et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Université de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F-75018 Paris, France;
| | - Agathe Raynaud-Simon
- Service de Gériatrie, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F-75018 Paris, France;
| | - Elisabeth Sauvaget
- Service ORL et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Groupe Hospitalier Paris-Saint Joseph, F-75014 Paris, France;
| | | | - Antoine Bizard
- Unité de Gériatrie Aigue, Hôpital Foch, F-92150 Suresnes, France;
| | - Abderrahmane Bounar
- Unité de Gériatrie Aigue, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, F-94190 Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, France;
| | - Aurelien Minard
- Service de Gériatrie, Hôpital Léopold Bellan, F-75014 Paris, France;
| | - Bechara Aziz
- Service ORL et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, F-94190 Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, France;
| | - Eric Chevalier
- Service ORL et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Groupement Hospitalier Intercommunal Le Raincy-Montfermeil, F-93370 Montfermeil, France;
| | - Dominique Chevalier
- Service ORL et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Hôpital Huriez, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Cedric Gaxatte
- Service de Médecine Gériatrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Olivier Malard
- Service d’ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, F-44093 Nantes, France;
| | - Evelyne Liuu
- Service de Gériatrie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, F-86021 Poitiers, France;
| | - Sandrine Lacour
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, F-94010 Créteil, France;
| | - Laetitia Gregoire
- Unité de Recherche Clinique (URC-Mondor), Hôpital Henri-Mondor, AP-HP, F-94010 Créteil, France;
| | - Charlotte Lafont
- IMRB, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Est Créteil, F-94010 Créteil, France; (P.C.); (M.L.); (C.L.); (F.C.-P.)
- Service de Santé Publique, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Florence Canouï-Poitrine
- IMRB, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Est Créteil, F-94010 Créteil, France; (P.C.); (M.L.); (C.L.); (F.C.-P.)
- Service de Santé Publique, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), F-94010 Créteil, France
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7
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Boudou-Rouquette P, de Moura A, Martinez-Tapia C, Serrano AG, Chahwakilian A, Jouinot A, Ulmann G, Orvoën G, Chambraud C, Durand JP, Caillet P, Goldwasser F, Paillaud E, Canouï-Poitrine F, Aregui A, Baronn M, Bringuier M, Bouvard E, Caillet P, Cosqueric G, Corsin L, Cudennec T, Chahwakilian A, Djender A, Dupuydupin E, Ebadi N, Fossey-Diaz V, Gisselbrecht M, Goldstein C, Gonzalez B, Laurent M, Leguen J, Lefevre M, Lazarovici-Nagera C, Lorisson E, Massias J, Mebarki S, Orvoen G, Pamoukdjian F, Scain AL, de Lempdes GR, Rollot-Trad F, Varnier G, Vincent H, Paillaud E, Raynaud-Simon A, Boudou-Rouquette P, Brain E, Culine S, Frelaut M, Ghebriou D, Gligorov J, Lopez-Trabada-Ataz SHD, Mir O, Tournigand C, Aparicio T, Touboul C, Lagrange JL, Benyahia S, Bonhomme S, Mota A, Philocles G, Ouakinine C, Audureau E, Bastuji-Garin S, Canouï-Poitrine F, Loriot MA, Natella PA, Martinez-Tapia C, Reinald N, Rello S, Lafage M, Allain M, Chambraud C, Baudin A, Bobin M, Canovas J, Chaoui S, Iratni L, Garrigou S, Lacour S, Mabungu H, Morisset L, Saadaoui B. Energy expenditure profiles and the risk of early limiting toxicity in older patients with cancer: The ELCAPA-25 prospective cohort survey. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:1073-1082. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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8
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Artigas-Jerónimo S, Villar M, Cabezas-Cruz A, Caignard G, Vitour D, Richardson J, Lacour S, Attoui H, Bell-Sakyi L, Allain E, Nijhof AM, Militzer N, Pinecki Socias S, de la Fuente J. Tick Importin-α Is Implicated in the Interactome and Regulome of the Cofactor Subolesin. Pathogens 2021; 10:457. [PMID: 33920361 PMCID: PMC8069720 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10040457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ticks and tick-borne diseases (TBDs) represent a burden for human and animal health worldwide. Currently, vaccines constitute the safest and most effective approach to control ticks and TBDs. Subolesin (SUB) has been identified as a vaccine antigen for the control of tick infestations and pathogen infection and transmission. The characterization of the molecular function of SUB and the identification of tick proteins interacting with SUB may provide the basis for the discovery of novel antigens and for the rational design of novel anti-tick vaccines. In the present study, we used the yeast two-hybrid system (Y2H) as an unbiased approach to identify tick SUB-interacting proteins in an Ixodes ricinus cDNA library, and studied the possible role of SUB as a chromatin remodeler through direct interaction with histones. The Y2H screening identified Importin-α as a potential SUB-interacting protein, which was confirmed in vitro in a protein pull-down assay. The sub gene expression levels in tick midgut and fat body were significantly higher in unfed than fed female ticks, however, the importin-α expression levels did not vary between unfed and fed ticks but tended to be higher in the ovary when compared to those in other organs. The effect of importin-α RNAi was characterized in I. ricinus under artificial feeding conditions. Both sub and importin-α gene knockdown was observed in all tick tissues and, while tick weight was significantly lower in sub RNAi-treated ticks than in controls, importin-α RNAi did not affect tick feeding or oviposition, suggesting that SUB is able to exert its function in the absence of Importin-α. Furthermore, SUB was shown to physically interact with histone 4, which was corroborated by protein pull-down and western blot analysis. These results confirm that by interacting with numerous tick proteins, SUB is a key cofactor of the tick interactome and regulome. Further studies are needed to elucidate the nature of the SUB-Importin-α interaction and the biological processes and functional implications that this interaction may have.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Artigas-Jerónimo
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain; (S.A.-J.); (M.V.)
| | - Margarita Villar
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain; (S.A.-J.); (M.V.)
- Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Science and Chemical Technologies, and Regional Centre for Biomedical Research (CRIB), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz
- Anses, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France;
| | - Grégory Caignard
- UMR 1161 Virologie, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, ANSES, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Paris-Est Sup, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; (G.C.); (D.V.); (J.R.); (S.L.); (H.A.); (E.A.)
| | - Damien Vitour
- UMR 1161 Virologie, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, ANSES, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Paris-Est Sup, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; (G.C.); (D.V.); (J.R.); (S.L.); (H.A.); (E.A.)
| | - Jennifer Richardson
- UMR 1161 Virologie, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, ANSES, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Paris-Est Sup, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; (G.C.); (D.V.); (J.R.); (S.L.); (H.A.); (E.A.)
| | - Sandrine Lacour
- UMR 1161 Virologie, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, ANSES, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Paris-Est Sup, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; (G.C.); (D.V.); (J.R.); (S.L.); (H.A.); (E.A.)
| | - Houssam Attoui
- UMR 1161 Virologie, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, ANSES, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Paris-Est Sup, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; (G.C.); (D.V.); (J.R.); (S.L.); (H.A.); (E.A.)
| | - Lesley Bell-Sakyi
- Tick Cell Biobank, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK;
| | - Eleonore Allain
- UMR 1161 Virologie, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, ANSES, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Paris-Est Sup, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; (G.C.); (D.V.); (J.R.); (S.L.); (H.A.); (E.A.)
| | - Ard M. Nijhof
- Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (A.M.N.); (N.M.); (S.P.S.)
| | - Nina Militzer
- Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (A.M.N.); (N.M.); (S.P.S.)
| | - Sophia Pinecki Socias
- Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (A.M.N.); (N.M.); (S.P.S.)
| | - José de la Fuente
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain; (S.A.-J.); (M.V.)
- Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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9
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Amorim A, Bauböck M, Berger JP, Brandner W, Clénet Y, Coudé du Foresto V, de Zeeuw PT, Dexter J, Duvert G, Ebert M, Eckart A, Eisenhauer F, Förster Schreiber NM, Garcia P, Gao F, Gendron E, Genzel R, Gillessen S, Habibi M, Haubois X, Henning T, Hippler S, Horrobin M, Hubert Z, Jiménez Rosales A, Jocou L, Kervella P, Lacour S, Lapeyrère V, Le Bouquin JB, Léna P, Ott T, Paumard T, Perraut K, Perrin G, Pfuhl O, Rabien S, Rodríguez-Coira G, Rousset G, Scheithauer S, Sternberg A, Straub O, Straubmeier C, Sturm E, Tacconi LJ, Vincent F, von Fellenberg S, Waisberg I, Widmann F, Wieprecht E, Wiezorrek E, Yazici S. Test of the Einstein Equivalence Principle near the Galactic Center Supermassive Black Hole. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:101102. [PMID: 30932663 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.101102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During its orbit around the four million solar mass black hole Sagittarius A* the star S2 experiences significant changes in gravitational potential. We use this change of potential to test one part of the Einstein equivalence principle: the local position invariance (LPI). We study the dependency of different atomic transitions on the gravitational potential to give an upper limit on violations of the LPI. This is done by separately measuring the redshift from hydrogen and helium absorption lines in the stellar spectrum during its closest approach to the black hole. For this measurement we use radial velocity data from 2015 to 2018 and combine it with the gravitational potential at the position of S2, which is calculated from the precisely known orbit of S2 around the black hole. This results in a limit on a violation of the LPI of |β_{He}-β_{H}|=(2.4±5.1)×10^{-2}. The variation in potential that we probe with this measurement is six magnitudes larger than possible for measurements on Earth, and a factor of 10 larger than in experiments using white dwarfs. We are therefore testing the LPI in a regime where it has not been tested before.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Amorim
- Universidade de Lisboa-Faculdade de Ciências, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- CENTRA-Centro de Astrofísica e Gravitação, IST, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Bauböck
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J P Berger
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - W Brandner
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Y Clénet
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - V Coudé du Foresto
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - P T de Zeeuw
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Sterrewacht Leiden, Leiden University, Postbus 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - J Dexter
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G Duvert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - M Ebert
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Eckart
- 1st Institute of Physics, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Strae 77, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - F Eisenhauer
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - N M Förster Schreiber
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - P Garcia
- Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- European Southern Observatory, Casilla 19001, Santiago 19, Chile
- CENTRA-Centro de Astrofísica e Gravitação, IST, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - F Gao
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - E Gendron
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - R Genzel
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Departments of Physics and Astronomy, Le Conte Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Gillessen
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M Habibi
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - X Haubois
- European Southern Observatory, Casilla 19001, Santiago 19, Chile
| | - Th Henning
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Hippler
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Horrobin
- 1st Institute of Physics, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Strae 77, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Z Hubert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A Jiménez Rosales
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - L Jocou
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - P Kervella
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - S Lacour
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - V Lapeyrère
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - J-B Le Bouquin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - P Léna
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - T Ott
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T Paumard
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - K Perraut
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - G Perrin
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - O Pfuhl
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S Rabien
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G Rodríguez-Coira
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - G Rousset
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - S Scheithauer
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Sternberg
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Ave., New York, New York 10010, USA
| | - O Straub
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - C Straubmeier
- 1st Institute of Physics, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Strae 77, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - E Sturm
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - L J Tacconi
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F Vincent
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - S von Fellenberg
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - I Waisberg
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F Widmann
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - E Wieprecht
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - E Wiezorrek
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S Yazici
- Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrae 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- 1st Institute of Physics, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Strae 77, 50937 Cologne, Germany
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Rode G, Lacour S, Jacquin-Courtois S, Pisella L, Michel C, Revol P, Alahyane N, Luauté J, Gallagher S, Halligan P, Pélisson D, Rossetti Y. Long-term sensorimotor and therapeutical effects of a mild regime of prism adaptation in spatial neglect. A double-blind RCT essay. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2015; 58:40-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Rode G, Lacour S, Jacquin-Courtois S, Pisella L, Revol P, Luauté J, Rossetti Y. A once-weekly regime of prism adaptation reduces only sensori-motor biases of neglect. A double-blind RCT essay. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.1579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Liu P, Wu XP, Bai X, Wang XL, Yu L, Rosenthal B, Blaga R, Lacour S, Vallee I, Boireau P, Gherman C, Oltean M, Zhou XN, Wang F, Zhao Y, Liu MY. Screening of early antigen genes of adult-stage Trichinella spiralis using pig serum from different stages of early infection. Vet Parasitol 2013; 194:222-5. [PMID: 23485437 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this work was to identify novel, early antigens present in Trichinella spiralis. To this end, a cDNA library generated from 3-day old adult worms (Ad3) was immunologically screened using serum from a pig infected with 20,000 muscle larvae. The serum was obtained from multiple, time course bleeds coinciding with early worm development. Seventeen positive clones were isolated using serum obtained at 20 days post infection (dpi). All clones corresponded to one gene that exhibited high sequence identity with the T. spiralis ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX19B which is involved in parasite growth and development. In addition, nine additional positive clones representing 5 unique genes were identified when the library was screened with 30 dpi serum; four of these five genes displayed high similarity with members of a putative T. spiralis serine protease family known to be involved in host invasion and host-parasite interactions. The remaining gene aligned with the T. spiralis hypothetical ORF 11.30. The identification of these antigens provides potential candidates for the early diagnosis of trichinellosis and for the development of a vaccine against this parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Liu
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Zoonosis Center of National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
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Lagrange AM, Bonnefoy M, Chauvin G, Apai D, Ehrenreich D, Boccaletti A, Gratadour D, Rouan D, Mouillet D, Lacour S, Kasper M. A Giant Planet Imaged in the Disk of the Young Star β Pictoris. Science 2010; 329:57-9. [PMID: 20538914 DOI: 10.1126/science.1187187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 599] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.-M. Lagrange
- Laboratoire d’Astrophysique, Observatoire de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, CNRS, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - M. Bonnefoy
- Laboratoire d’Astrophysique, Observatoire de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, CNRS, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - G. Chauvin
- Laboratoire d’Astrophysique, Observatoire de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, CNRS, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - D. Apai
- Space Telesope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - D. Ehrenreich
- Laboratoire d’Astrophysique, Observatoire de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, CNRS, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - A. Boccaletti
- Laboratoire d’ Etudes Spatiales et d’ Instrumentation en Astrophysique, UMR 8109 CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, UPMC, Université Paris-Diderot, 5 place J. Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - D. Gratadour
- Laboratoire d’ Etudes Spatiales et d’ Instrumentation en Astrophysique, UMR 8109 CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, UPMC, Université Paris-Diderot, 5 place J. Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - D. Rouan
- Laboratoire d’ Etudes Spatiales et d’ Instrumentation en Astrophysique, UMR 8109 CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, UPMC, Université Paris-Diderot, 5 place J. Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - D. Mouillet
- Laboratoire d’Astrophysique, Observatoire de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, CNRS, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - S. Lacour
- Laboratoire d’ Etudes Spatiales et d’ Instrumentation en Astrophysique, UMR 8109 CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, UPMC, Université Paris-Diderot, 5 place J. Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - M. Kasper
- European Southern Observatory (ESO), Karl Schwarzschild Strasse, 2, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany
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Lacour S, Antonios D, Gautier JC, Pallardy M. Acetaminophen and lipopolysaccharide act in synergy for the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in murine RAW264.7 macrophages. J Immunotoxicol 2009; 6:84-93. [DOI: 10.1080/15476910902938250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Kotani T, Lacour S, Perrin G, Robertson G, Tuthill P. Pupil remapping for high contrast astronomy: results from an optical testbed. Opt Express 2009; 17:1925-1934. [PMID: 19189023 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.001925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The direct imaging and characterization of Earth-like planets is among the most sought-after prizes in contemporary astrophysics, however current optical instrumentation delivers insufficient dynamic range to overcome the vast contrast differential between the planet and its host star. New opportunities are offered by coherent single mode fibers, whose technological development has been motivated by the needs of the telecom industry in the near infrared. This paper presents a new vision for an instrument using coherent waveguides to remap the pupil geometry of the telescope. It would (i) inject the full pupil of the telescope into an array of single mode fibers, (ii) rearrange the pupil so fringes can be accurately measured, and (iii) permit image reconstruction so that atmospheric blurring can be totally removed. Here we present a laboratory experiment whose goal was to validate the theoretical concepts underpinning our proposed method. We successfully confirmed that we can retrieve the image of a simulated astrophysical object (in this case a binary star) though a pupil remapping instrument using single mode fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kotani
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS/UMR 8109, 92190 Meudon, France
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Abstract
Several important drug classes show pre-clinical hepatotoxicity or, in some cases hepatotoxicity in man in Phase III/IV not predicted by pre-clinical studies. This hepatotoxicity is associated with death of the parenchyma by both necrosis and apoptosis. Recent data have implicated molecular mediators of the immune response such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin 1beta(1L-1beta) and interleukin 6 (IL6) in acute and chronic liver damage. These cytokines networks have been implicated in mediating the hepatic response to xenobiotics as diverse as PPAR ligands, acetaminophen and phenobarbitone. Thus, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFalpha, IL1 beta and IL6 are released into the bloodstream both from the liver and from distal sites during hepatic toxic injury. Probably due to differences in the responses of rodent and human hepatocytes to cytokines, some clinical hepatotoxicities are not predicted by rodent models. However, the cytokine changes implicated in this human hepatic cell death could be manifest in rodent models and thus could be detected at the molecular level. Here we review the role of cytokines in different types of drug-induced liver injury and discuss whether these cytokine fingerprints are potential biomarkers of so-called idiosyncratic human liver toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Lacour
- Aventis Pharma Drug Safety Evaluation, Centre de Recherche de Paris, 13 Quai Jules Guesde 94403, Vitry sur Seine, Paris, France.
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Sicardy B, Colas F, Widemann T, Bellucci A, Beisker W, Kretlow M, Ferri F, Lacour S, Lecacheux J, Lellouch E, Pau S, Renner S, Roques F, Fienga A, Etienne C, Martinez C, Glass IS, Baba D, Nagayama T, Nagata T, Itting-Enke S, Bath KL, Bode HJ, Bode F, Lüdemann H, Lüdemann J, Neubauer D, Tegtmeier A, Tegtmeier C, Thomé B, Hund F, deWitt C, Fraser B, Jansen A, Jones T, Schoenau P, Turk C, Meintjies P, Hernandez M, Fiel D, Frappa E, Peyrot A, Teng JP, Vignand M, Hesler G, Payet T, Howell RR, Kidger M, Ortiz JL, Naranjo O, Rosenzweig P, Rapaport M. The two Titan stellar occultations of 14 November 2003. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005je002624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lacour S, Veron N, De Monte M, Brocca J, Le Guellec S, Deprez P, Diot P, Leblond V. 025 Impact d’une stratégie de prévention basée sur la pollution par l’ozone sur la santé de patients atteints d’insuffisance respiratoire. Rev Mal Respir 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(06)71853-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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Sicardy B, Bellucci A, Gendron E, Lacombe F, Lacour S, Lecacheux J, Lellouch E, Renner S, Pau S, Roques F, Widemann T, Colas F, Vachier F, Martins RV, Ageorges N, Hainaut O, Marco O, Beisker W, Hummel E, Feinstein C, Levato H, Maury A, Frappa E, Gaillard B, Lavayssière M, Di Sora M, Mallia F, Masi G, Behrend R, Carrier F, Mousis O, Rousselot P, Alvarez-Candal A, Lazzaro D, Veiga C, Andrei AH, Assafin M, da Silva Neto DN, Jacques C, Pimentel E, Weaver D, Lecampion JF, Doncel F, Momiyama T, Tancredi G. Charon's size and an upper limit on its atmosphere from a stellar occultation. Nature 2006; 439:52-4. [PMID: 16397493 DOI: 10.1038/nature04351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2005] [Accepted: 10/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pluto and its satellite, Charon (discovered in 1978; ref. 1), appear to form a double planet, rather than a hierarchical planet/satellite couple. Charon is about half Pluto's size and about one-eighth its mass. The precise radii of Pluto and Charon have remained uncertain, leading to large uncertainties on their densities. Although stellar occultations by Charon are in principle a powerful way of measuring its size, they are rare, as the satellite subtends less than 0.3 microradians (0.06 arcsec) on the sky. One occultation (in 1980) yielded a lower limit of 600 km for the satellite's radius, which was later refined to 601.5 km (ref. 4). Here we report observations from a multi-station stellar occultation by Charon, which we use to derive a radius, R(C) = 603.6 +/- 1.4 km (1sigma), and a density of rho = 1.71 +/- 0.08 g cm(-3). This occultation also provides upper limits of 110 and 15 (3sigma) nanobar for an atmosphere around Charon, assuming respectively a pure nitrogen or pure methane atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sicardy
- Observatoire de Paris, LESIA, 92195 Meudon cedex, France.
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Lacour S, Veron N, Le Guellec S, Brocca J, De Monte M, Deprez P, Diot P, Leblond V. PAPRICA, Pollution Aérienne et Pathologie Respiratoire : Impact de la Communication sur l’Air. Rev Mal Respir 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(06)72331-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Lacour S, Veron N, Le Guellec S, Brocca J, De Monte M, Deprez P, Dior P, Leblond V. 074 PAPRICA Pollution Aérienne et Pathologie Respiratoire : Impact de la Communication sur l’Air. Rev Mal Respir 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(05)92486-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Dimanche-Boitrel MT, Meurette O, Rebillard A, Lacour S. Role of early plasma membrane events in chemotherapy-induced cell death. Drug Resist Updat 2005; 8:5-14. [PMID: 15939338 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2005.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2004] [Revised: 02/04/2005] [Accepted: 02/07/2005] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Most current anticancer therapies induce tumor cell death through the induction of apoptosis. However, the pathways leading to cell death are not always understood. For example, for several DNA-damaging agents the specific biochemical lesions (DNA damage) have been associated with the induction of apoptosis. However, several of these DNA-damaging agents (cisplatin, 1-beta-arabinofuranosylcytosine, daunorubicin or doxorubicin) as well as other antitumor agents, such as edelfosine or resveratrol, have been recently shown to induce apoptosis via signaling through plasma membrane lipid rafts involving the death receptor pathway. In this review we focus on the role of early plasma membrane events in chemotherapy-induced cell death. Special attention is given to changes in plasma membrane fluidity, activation of the acid sphingomyelinase and the Fas death pathway in response to chemotherapy as well as their possible interrelationships.
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Lacour S, Hammann A, Grazide S, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Athias A, Sergent O, Laurent G, Gambert P, Solary E, Dimanche-Boitrel MT. Cisplatin-induced CD95 redistribution into membrane lipid rafts of HT29 human colon cancer cells. Cancer Res 2004; 64:3593-8. [PMID: 15150117 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-03-2787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We have shown previously that the death receptor CD95 could contribute to anticancer drug-induced apoptosis of colon cancer cells. In addition, anticancer drugs cooperate with CD95 cognate ligand or agonistic antibodies to trigger cancer cell apoptosis. In the present study, we show that the anticancer drug cisplatin induces clustering of CD95 at the surface of the human colon cancer cell line HT29, an event inhibited by the inhibitor of acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) imipramine. The cholesterol sequestering agent nystatin also prevents cisplatin-induced CD95 clustering and decreases HT29 cell sensitivity to cisplatin-induced apoptosis and the synergy between cisplatin and anti-CD95 agonistic antibodies. CD95, together with the adaptor molecule Fas-associated death domain and procaspase-8, is redistributed into cholesterol- and sphingolipid-enriched cell fractions after cisplatin treatment, suggesting plasma membrane raft involvement. Interestingly, nystatin prevents the translocation of the aSMase to the extracellular surface of plasma membrane and the production of ceramide, suggesting that these early events require raft integrity. In addition, nystatin prevents cisplatin-induced transient increase in plasma membrane fluidity that could be required for CD95 translocation. Together, these results demonstrate that cisplatin activates aSMase and induces ceramide production, which triggers the redistribution of CD95 into the plasma membrane rafts. Such redistribution contributes to cell death and sensitizes tumor cells to CD95-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Lacour
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U517, Dijon, France
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Delmas D, Rébé C, Lacour S, Filomenko R, Athias A, Gambert P, Cherkaoui-Malki M, Jannin B, Dubrez-Daloz L, Latruffe N, Solary E. Resveratrol-induced apoptosis is associated with Fas redistribution in the rafts and the formation of a death-inducing signaling complex in colon cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:41482-90. [PMID: 12902349 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m304896200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in grape skin and various other food products, may function as a cancer chemopreventive agent for colon and other malignant tumors and possesses a chemotherapeutic potential through its ability to trigger apoptosis in tumor cells. The present study analyses the molecular mechanisms of resveratrol-induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells, with special attention to the role of the death receptor Fas in this pathway. We show that, in the 10-100 microm range of concentrations, resveratrol activates various caspases and triggers apoptosis in SW480 human colon cancer cells. Caspase activation is associated with accumulation of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bak that undergo conformational changes and relocalization to the mitochondria. Resveratrol does not modulate the expression of Fas and Fas-ligand (FasL) at the surface of cancer cells, and inhibition of the Fas/FasL interaction does not influence the apoptotic response to the molecule. Resveratrol induces the clustering of Fas and its redistribution in cholesterol and sphingolipid-rich fractions of SW480 cells, together with FADD and procaspase-8. This redistribution is associated with the formation of a death-inducing signaling complex (DISC). Transient transfection of either a dominant-negative mutant of FADD, E8, or MC159 viral proteins that interfere with the DISC function, decreases the apoptotic response of SW480 cells to resveratrol and partially prevents resveratrol-induced Bax and Bak conformational changes. Altogether, these results indicate that the ability of resveratrol to induce the redistribution of Fas receptor in membrane rafts may contribute to the molecule's ability to trigger apoptosis in colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Delmas
- INSERM U517, IFR100 Faculty of Medicine, 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21000 Dijon, France
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Lacour S, Micheau O, Hammann A, Drouineaud V, Tschopp J, Solary E, Dimanche-Boitrel MT. Chemotherapy enhances TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand DISC assembly in HT29 human colon cancer cells. Oncogene 2003; 22:1807-16. [PMID: 12660816 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1206127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines such as Fas-ligand (Fas-L) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) can induce human colon cancer cell apoptosis through engagement of their death domain receptors. All the cancer cells are not sensitive to these cytokines. We have shown recently that low doses of cytotoxic drugs could restore TRAIL-induced cell death in resistant colon cancer cell lines. The present work further explores the death pathway triggered by the cytotoxic drug/TRAIL combination in HT-29 colon cancer cells (www.alexis-corp.com). Clinically relevant concentrations of cisplatin, doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil synergize with TRAIL to trigger HT-29 cell death. Activation of this pathway leads to apoptosis that involves both caspases and the mitochondria. An increased recruitment of Fas-associated death domain (FADD) and procaspase-8 to the TRAIL-induced death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) was shown in cells exposed to anticancer drugs. Following caspase-8 activation at the DISC level, the mitochondria-dependent death pathway is activated, as demonstrated by the cleavage of Bid, the dissipation of DeltaPsi(m), the release of mitochondrial proteins in the cytosol and the inhibitory effect of Bcl-2 expression. Importantly, besides mitochondrial potentiation, we show here that cytotoxic drugs sensitize HT-29 colon cancer cells to TRAIL-induced cell death by enhancing FADD and procaspase-8 recruitment to the DISC, a novel mechanism whose efficacy could depend partly on Bcl-2 expression level.
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Lacour S, Hammann A, Wotawa A, Corcos L, Solary E, Dimanche-Boitrel MT. Anticancer agents sensitize tumor cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-mediated caspase-8 activation and apoptosis. Cancer Res 2001; 61:1645-51. [PMID: 11245478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a new cytokine that was proposed to specifically induce apoptosis of cancer cells. In tumor cells that are resistant to the cytokine, subtoxic concentrations of chemotherapeutic drugs can restore the response to TRAIL. The present study further explores the mechanisms that determine tumor cell sensitivity to TRAIL by comparing four human colon carcinoma cell lines We show that colon cancer cell sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis and cytotoxicity correlates with the expression of the death receptors TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2 at the cell surface, as determined by now cytometry, whereas the two decoy receptors TRAIL-R3 and TRAIL-R4 can be detected only in permeabilized cells. Clinically relevant concentrations of cisplatin and doxorubicin sensitize the most resistant colon cancer cell lines to TRAIL-induced cell death without modifying the expression nor the localization of TRAIL receptors in these cells. TRAIL induces the activation of procaspase-8 and triggers caspase-dependent apoptosis off colon cancer cells. Cytotoxic drugs lower the signaling threshold required for TRAIL-induced procaspase-8 activation. In turn, caspase-8 cleaves Bid, a BH3 domain-containing proapoptotic molecule of the Bcl-2 family and activates effector caspases. Together, these data indicate that chemotherapeutic drugs sensitize colon tumor cells to TRAIL-mediated caspase-8 activation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lacour
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U517, Facultés de Médicine et de Pharmacie, Dijon, France
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Darchy B, Le Mière E, Lacour S, Bavoux E, Domart Y. Acute ammonia inhalation. Intensive Care Med 1997; 23:597-8. [PMID: 9201539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Peycelon B, Camilleri L, Bailly P, Escande G, Lacour S, Duband P, de Riberolles C. [Evaluation of valvular surgery in mitral valve diseases (excluding commissurotomy)]. Rev Prat 1985; 35:2393-400. [PMID: 4059829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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