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Han SK, Kwon HC, Yang JS, Kim S, Lee SJV. OASIS portable: User-friendly offline suite for secure survival analysis. Mol Cells 2024; 47:100011. [PMID: 38242235 PMCID: PMC10960101 DOI: 10.1016/j.mocell.2024.100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Online application for survival analysis (OASIS) and its update, OASIS 2, have been widely used for survival analysis in biological and medical sciences. Here, we provide a portable version of OASIS, an all-in-one offline suite, to facilitate secure survival analysis without uploading the data to online servers. OASIS portable provides a virtualized and isolated instance of the OASIS 2 webserver, operating on the users' personal computers, and enables user-friendly survival analysis without internet connection and security issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Hyunwoo C Kwon
- Department of Life Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Yang
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sanguk Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, POSTECH, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Jae V Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Park SA, Nguyen TTP, Park SJ, Han SK. Naringenin modulates GABA mediated response in a sexdependent manner in substantia gelatinosa neurons of trigeminal subnucleus caudalis in immature mice. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 28:73-81. [PMID: 38154966 PMCID: PMC10762483 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.1.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The substantia gelatinosa (SG) within the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) is recognized as a pivotal site of integrating and modulating afferent fibers carrying orofacial nociceptive information. Although naringenin (4',5,7-thrihydroxyflavanone), a natural bioflavonoid, has been proven to possess various biological effects in the central nervous system (CNS), the activity of naringenin at the orofacial nociceptive site has not been reported yet. In this study, we explored the influence of naringenin on GABA response in SG neurons of Vc using whole-cell patch-clamp technique. The application of GABA in a bath induced two forms of GABA responses: slow and fast. Naringenin enhanced both amplitude and area under curve (AUC) of GABA-mediated responses in 57% (12/21) of tested neurons while decreasing both parameters in 33% (7/21) of neurons. The enhancing or suppressing effect of naringenin on GABA response have been observed, with enhancement occurring when the GABA response was slow, and suppression when it was fast. Furthermore, both the enhancement of slower GABA responses and the suppression of faster GABA responses by naringenin were concentration dependent. Interestingly, the nature of GABA response was also found to be sex-dependent. A majority of SG neurons from juvenile female mice exhibited slower GABA responses, whereas those from juvenile males predominantly displayed faster GABA responses. Taken together, this study indicates that naringenin plays a partial role in modulating orofacial nociception and may hold promise as a therapeutic target for treating orofacial pain, with effects that vary according to sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Ah Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Thao Thi Phuong Nguyen
- Faculty of Odonto – Stomatology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue 53000, Vietnam
| | - Soo Joung Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
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3
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Lee D, Han SK, Yaacov O, Berk-Rauch H, Mathiyalagan P, Ganesh SK, Chakravarti A. Tissue-specific and tissue-agnostic effects of genome sequence variation modulating blood pressure. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113351. [PMID: 37910504 PMCID: PMC10726310 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified numerous variants associated with polygenic traits and diseases. However, with few exceptions, a mechanistic understanding of which variants affect which genes in which tissues to modulate trait variation is lacking. Here, we present genomic analyses to explain trait heritability of blood pressure (BP) through the genetics of transcriptional regulation using GWASs, multiomics data from different tissues, and machine learning approaches. Approximately 500,000 predicted regulatory variants across four tissues explain 33.4% of variant heritability: 2.5%, 5.3%, 7.7%, and 11.8% for kidney-, adrenal-, heart-, and artery-specific variants, respectively. Variation in the enhancers involved shows greater tissue specificity than in the genes they regulate, suggesting that gene regulatory networks perturbed by enhancer variants in a tissue relevant to a phenotype are the major source of interindividual variation in BP. Thus, our study provides an approach to scan human tissue and cell types for their physiological contribution to any trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Or Yaacov
- Center for Human Genetics and Genomics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hanna Berk-Rauch
- Center for Human Genetics and Genomics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Prabhu Mathiyalagan
- Center for Human Genetics and Genomics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Santhi K Ganesh
- Department of Internal Medicine & Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- Center for Human Genetics and Genomics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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4
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Le HTN, Rijal S, Jang SH, Park SA, Park SJ, Jung W, Han SK. Inhibitory Effects of Honokiol on Substantia Gelatinosa Neurons of the Trigeminal Subnucleus Caudalis in Juvenile Mice. Neuroscience 2023; 521:89-101. [PMID: 37142181 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitory neurotransmitters such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine are known to be abundant in the substantia gelatinosa (SG) of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc). Thus, it has been recognized as an initial synaptic site for regulating orofacial nociceptive stimuli. Honokiol, a principal active ingredient derived from the bark of Magnolia officinalis, has been exploited in traditional remedies with multiple biological effects, including anti-nociception on humans. However, the anti-nociceptive mechanism of honokiol on SG neurons of the Vc remains fully elusive. In this study, effects of honokiol on SG neurons of the Vc in mice were investigated using the whole-cell patch-clamp method. In a concentration-dependent manner, honokiol significantly enhanced frequencies of spontaneous postsynaptic currents (sPSCs) that were independent of action potential generation. Notably, honokiol-induced increase in the frequency of sPSCs was attributed to the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters through both glycinergic and GABAergic pre-synaptic terminals. Furthermore, higher concentration of honokiol induced inward currents that were noticeably attenuated in the presence of picrotoxin (a GABAA receptor antagonist) or strychnine (a glycine receptor antagonist). Honokiol also exhibited potentiation effect on glycine- and GABAA receptor-mediated responses. In inflammatory pain model, the increase in frequency of spontaneous firing on SG neurons induced by formalin was significantly inhibited by the application of honokiol. Altogether, these findings indicate that honokiol might directly affect SG neurons of the Vc to facilitate glycinergic and GABAergic neurotransmissions and modulate nociceptive synaptic transmission against pain. Consequently, the inhibitory effect of honokiol in the central nociceptive system contributes to orofacial pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Thuy Nhung Le
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Viet Nam
| | - Santosh Rijal
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Hui Jang
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Ah Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Joung Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jung
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University - Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Kong J, Kim J, Kim D, Lee K, Lee J, Han SK, Kim I, Lim S, Park M, Shin S, Lee WY, Yun SH, Kim HC, Hong HK, Cho YB, Park D, Kim S. Information about immune cell proportions and tumor stage improves the prediction of recurrence in patients with colorectal cancer. Patterns (N Y) 2023; 4:100736. [PMID: 37409049 PMCID: PMC10318368 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2023.100736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Predicting cancer recurrence is essential to improving the clinical outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Although tumor stage information has been used as a guideline to predict CRC recurrence, patients with the same stage show different clinical outcomes. Therefore, there is a need to develop a method to identify additional features for CRC recurrence prediction. Here, we developed a network-integrated multiomics (NIMO) approach to select appropriate transcriptome signatures for better CRC recurrence prediction by comparing the methylation signatures of immune cells. We validated the performance of the CRC recurrence prediction based on two independent retrospective cohorts of 114 and 110 patients. Moreover, to confirm that the prediction was improved, we used both NIMO-based immune cell proportions and TNM (tumor, node, metastasis) stage data. This work demonstrates the importance of (1) using both immune cell composition and TNM stage data and (2) identifying robust immune cell marker genes to improve CRC recurrence prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- JungHo Kong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Jinho Kim
- Precision Medicine Center, Future Innovation Research Division, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea
| | - Donghyo Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Kwanghwan Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Juhun Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Inhae Kim
- Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Seongsu Lim
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Minhyuk Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | | | - Woo Yong Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Seong Hyeon Yun
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Hee Cheol Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Hong
- Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Yong Beom Cho
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | | | - Sanguk Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
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6
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Han SK, McNulty MT, Benway CJ, Wen P, Greenberg A, Onuchic-Whitford AC, Jang D, Flannick J, Burtt NP, Wilson PC, Humphreys BD, Wen X, Han Z, Lee D, Sampson MG. Mapping genomic regulation of kidney disease and traits through high-resolution and interpretable eQTLs. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2229. [PMID: 37076491 PMCID: PMC10115815 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37691-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) studies illuminate genomic variants that regulate specific genes and contribute to fine-mapped loci discovered via genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Efforts to maximize their accuracy are ongoing. Using 240 glomerular (GLOM) and 311 tubulointerstitial (TUBE) micro-dissected samples from human kidney biopsies, we discovered 5371 GLOM and 9787 TUBE genes with at least one variant significantly associated with expression (eGene) by incorporating kidney single-nucleus open chromatin data and transcription start site distance as an "integrative prior" for Bayesian statistical fine-mapping. The use of an integrative prior resulted in higher resolution eQTLs illustrated by (1) smaller numbers of variants in credible sets with greater confidence, (2) increased enrichment of partitioned heritability for GWAS of two kidney traits, (3) an increased number of variants colocalized with the GWAS loci, and (4) enrichment of computationally predicted functional regulatory variants. A subset of variants and genes were validated experimentally in vitro and using a Drosophila nephrocyte model. More broadly, this study demonstrates that tissue-specific eQTL maps informed by single-nucleus open chromatin data have enhanced utility for diverse downstream analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Kyu Han
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Kidney Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michelle T McNulty
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Kidney Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christopher J Benway
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Kidney Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Pei Wen
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anya Greenberg
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Kidney Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ana C Onuchic-Whitford
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Kidney Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dongkeun Jang
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jason Flannick
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Noël P Burtt
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Parker C Wilson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Benjamin D Humphreys
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiaoquan Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zhe Han
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Dongwon Lee
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Kidney Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Matthew G Sampson
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Kidney Disease Initiative, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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7
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Han SK, Muto Y, Wilson PC, Humphreys BD, Sampson MG, Chakravarti A, Lee D. Quality assessment and refinement of chromatin accessibility data using a sequence-based predictive model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2212810119. [PMID: 36508674 PMCID: PMC9907136 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2212810119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin accessibility assays are central to the genome-wide identification of gene regulatory elements associated with transcriptional regulation. However, the data have highly variable quality arising from several biological and technical factors. To surmount this problem, we developed a sequence-based machine learning method to evaluate and refine chromatin accessibility data. Our framework, gapped k-mer SVM quality check (gkmQC), provides the quality metrics for a sample based on the prediction accuracy of the trained models. We tested 886 DNase-seq samples from the ENCODE/Roadmap projects to demonstrate that gkmQC can effectively identify "high-quality" (HQ) samples with low conventional quality scores owing to marginal read depths. Peaks identified in HQ samples are more accurately aligned at functional regulatory elements, show greater enrichment of regulatory elements harboring functional variants, and explain greater heritability of phenotypes from their relevant tissues. Moreover, gkmQC can optimize the peak-calling threshold to identify additional peaks, especially for rare cell types in single-cell chromatin accessibility data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Kidney Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA02142
| | - Yoshiharu Muto
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO63130
| | - Parker C. Wilson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO63130
| | - Benjamin D. Humphreys
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO63130
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO63130
| | - Matthew G. Sampson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Kidney Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA02142
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- Center for Human Genetics and Genomics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
| | - Dongwon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA02115
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8
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Kim D, Kim J, Lee J, Han SK, Lee K, Kong J, Kim YJ, Lee WY, Yun SH, Kim HC, Hong HK, Cho YB, Park D, Kim S. Deconvolution of bulk tumors into distinct immune cell states predicts colorectal cancer recurrence. iScience 2022; 25:105392. [PMID: 36345336 PMCID: PMC9636036 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting colorectal cancer recurrence after tumor resection is crucial because it promotes the administration of proper subsequent treatment or management to improve the clinical outcomes of patients. Several clinical or molecular factors, including tumor stage, metastasis, and microsatellite instability status, have been used to assess the risk of recurrence, although their predictive ability is limited. Here, we predicted colorectal cancer recurrence based on cellular deconvolution of bulk tumors into two distinct immune cell states: cancer-associated (tumor-infiltrating immune cell-like) and noncancer-associated (peripheral blood mononuclear cell-like). Prediction model performed significantly better when immune cells were deconvoluted into two states rather than a single state, suggesting that the difference in cancer recurrence was better explained by distinct states of immune cells. It indicates the importance of distinguishing immune cell states using cellular deconvolution to improve the prediction of colorectal cancer recurrence. Distinct immune cell states predict colorectal cancer recurrence Methylation patterns of immune cells altered after tumor infiltration Combining immune cell states and clinical factors improves recurrence prediction The proportion of TIIC-like DCs is a crucial factor for the recurrence prediction
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9
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Jang SH, Park SJ, Kim KA, Han SK. Resveratrol activates GABA A and/or glycine receptors on substantia gelatinosa neurons of the subnucleus caudalis in mice. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:5788-5792. [PMID: 35086401 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.2016746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although a number of studies have reported that resveratrol has analgesic effects, the direct effect of resveratrol on substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) involved in orofacial nociceptive transmission has not been clearly examined. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate effects of resveratrol on SG neurons of Vc in mice using a whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Resveratrol (500 μM) induced repeatable inward currents without desensitisation. Resveratrol-induced inward currents were shown in a concentration-dependent manner. Resveratrol-induced responses were sustained in the presence of tetrodotoxin, 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX), and DL-2-Amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (DL-AP5). However, resveratrol-induced inward currents were suppressed in the presence of picrotoxin and strychnine. These results indicate that resveratrol can directly act on SG neurons of Vc with possible inhibitory effects on SG neurons through activation of GABAA receptors and/or glycine receptors. Thus, resveratrol can be a potential therapeutic for orofacial pain modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Hui Jang
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Joung Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-A Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry& Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Bhattarai P, Rijal S, Bhattarai JP, Cho DH, Han SK. Suppression of neurotransmission on gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome: A mouse model. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1059255. [PMID: 36699037 PMCID: PMC9868609 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1059255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder in reproductive-age women, characterized by the accretion of small cystic follicles in the ovary associated with chronic anovulation and overproduction of androgens. Ovarian function in all mammals is controlled by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons, which are the central regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. However, the impact on the neurotransmitter system regulating GnRH neuronal function in the letrozole-induced PCOS mouse model remains unclear. METHODS In this study, we compared the response of various neurotransmitters and neurosteroids regulating GnRH neuronal activities between letrozole-induced PCOS and normal mice via electrophysiological techniques. RESULTS Response to neurotransmitter systems like GABAergic, glutamatergic and kisspeptinergic were suppressed in letrozole-fed compared to normal mice. In addition, neurosteroids tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC) and 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-c] pyridine-3-ol (THIP) mediated response on GnRH neurons were significantly smaller on letrozole-fed mice compared to normal mice. Furthermore, we also found that letrozole-fed mice showed irregularity in the estrous cycle, increased body weight, and anovulation in female mice. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that PCOS is an endocrine disorder that may directly affect the neurotransmitter system regulating GnRH neuronal activity at the hypothalamic level and impact reproductive physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Bhattarai
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Santosh Rijal
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Janardhan P. Bhattarai
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dong Hyu Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Dong Hyu Cho, ; Seong Kyu Han,
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Dong Hyu Cho, ; Seong Kyu Han,
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11
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Rijal S, Jang SH, Cho DH, Han SK. Hydrogen peroxide suppresses excitability of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in adult mouse. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:939699. [PMID: 36387844 PMCID: PMC9650413 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.939699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from oxygen molecule reduction can interfere with the cross-talk between the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and other endocrine axes, thus affecting fertility. Furthermore, ROS have been linked to GnRH receptor signaling in gonadotropes involved in gonadotropin release. There has been evidence that ROS can interfere with the HPG axis and gonadotropin release at various levels. However, the direct effect of ROS on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuron remains unclear. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), an ROS source, on GnRH neuronal excitabilities in transgenic GnRH-green fluorescent protein-tagged mice using the whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology. In adults, H2O2 at high concentrations (mM level) hyperpolarized most GnRH neurons tested, whereas low concentrations (pM to μM) caused slight depolarization. In immature GnRH neurons, H2O2 exposure induced excitation. The sensitivity of GnRH neurons to H2O2 was increased with postnatal development. The effect of H2O2 on adult female GnRH neurons was found to be estrous cycle-dependent. Hyperpolarization mediated by H2O2 persisted in the presence of tetrodotoxin, a voltage-gated Na+ channel blocker, and amino-acids receptor blocking cocktail containing blockers for the ionotropic glutamate receptors, glycine receptors, and GABAA receptors, indicating that H2O2 could act on GnRH neurons directly. Furthermore, glibenclamide, an ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel blocker, completely blocked H2O2-mediated hyperpolarization. Increasing endogenous H2O2 by inhibiting glutathione peroxidase decreased spontaneous activities of most GnRH neurons. We conclude that ROS can act as signaling molecules for regulating GnRH neuron's excitability and that adult GnRH neurons are sensitive to increased ROS concentration. Results of this study demonstrate that ROS have direct modulatory effects on the HPG axis at the hypothalamic level to regulate GnRH neuron's excitabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Rijal
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Seon Hui Jang
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Dong Hyu Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Dong Hyu Cho, ; Seong Kyu Han,
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Dong Hyu Cho, ; Seong Kyu Han,
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12
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Jung Y, Artan M, Kim N, Yeom J, Hwang AB, Jeong DE, Altintas Ö, Seo K, Seo M, Lee D, Hwang W, Lee Y, Sohn J, Kim EJE, Ju S, Han SK, Nam HJ, Adams L, Ryu Y, Moon DJ, Kang C, Yoo JY, Park SK, Ha CM, Hansen M, Kim S, Lee C, Park SY, Lee SJV. MON-2, a Golgi protein, mediates autophagy-dependent longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabj8156. [PMID: 34860542 PMCID: PMC8641931 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj8156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus plays a central role in trafficking cargoes such as proteins and lipids. Defects in the Golgi apparatus lead to various diseases, but its role in organismal longevity is largely unknown. Using a quantitative proteomic approach, we found that a Golgi protein, MON-2, was up-regulated in long-lived Caenorhabditis elegans mutants with mitochondrial respiration defects and was required for their longevity. Similarly, we showed that DOP1/PAD-1, which acts with MON-2 to traffic macromolecules between the Golgi and endosome, contributed to the longevity of respiration mutants. Furthermore, we demonstrated that MON-2 was required for up-regulation of autophagy, a longevity-associated recycling process, by activating the Atg8 ortholog GABARAP/LGG-1 in C. elegans. Consistently, we showed that mammalian MON2 activated GABARAPL2 through physical interaction, which increased autophagic flux in mammalian cells. Thus, the evolutionarily conserved role of MON2 in trafficking between the Golgi and endosome is an integral part of autophagy-mediated longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonji Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Murat Artan
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Nari Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Jeonghun Yeom
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Ara B. Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Dae-Eun Jeong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Özlem Altintas
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Keunhee Seo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Mihwa Seo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Dongyeop Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Wooseon Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jooyeon Sohn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Eun Ji E. Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Sungeun Ju
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jun Nam
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Linnea Adams
- Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Youngjae Ryu
- Research Division and Brain Research Core Facilities of Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41068, South Korea
| | - Dong Jin Moon
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Chanhee Kang
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Yoo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Sang Ki Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Chang Man Ha
- Research Division and Brain Research Core Facilities of Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41068, South Korea
| | - Malene Hansen
- Development, Aging, and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sanguk Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Cheolju Lee
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jae V. Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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13
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Lee JW, Choi JY, Hyun YJ, Han SK. Solar background noise mitigation using the orbital angular momentum mode in vertical FSO downlink transmissions. Opt Express 2021; 29:33312-33321. [PMID: 34809145 DOI: 10.1364/oe.438550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Free-space optical communication (FSO) is used to provide network configuration flexibility. A network-flying platform-based vertical FSO connection can be employed to enhance mobile network coverage and capacity. Solar background noise can be a potential risk that disrupts the seamless connection in the vertical FSO downlink channel. In this paper, we propose signal transmission using an orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam. The OAM demodulation process can filter sunlight out of the optical receiver except for the signal corresponding to the azimuthal state. We experimentally verified that most of the solar background noise could be reduced. To verify the feasibility of the proposed scheme in a vertical FSO channel, we modeled a FSO vertical downlink with an OAM modulation/demodulation process.
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14
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Phuong TNT, Jang SH, Rijal S, Jung WK, Kim J, Park SJ, Han SK. GABA- and Glycine-Mimetic Responses of Linalool on the Substantia Gelatinosa of the Trigeminal Subnucleus Caudalis in Juvenile Mice: Pain Management through Linalool-Mediated Inhibitory Neurotransmission. Am J Chin Med 2021; 49:1437-1448. [PMID: 34247560 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Linalool, a major odorous constituent in essential oils extracted from lavender, is known to have a wide range of physiological effects on humans including pain management. The substantia gelatinosa (SG) of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) is involved in transmission of orofacial nociceptive responses through thin myelinated A[Formula: see text] and unmyelinated C primary afferent fibers. Up to date, the orofacial antinociceptive mechanism of linalool concerning SG neurons of the Vc has not been completely clarified yet. To fill this knowledge gap, whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used in this study to examine how linalool acted on SG neurons of the Vc in mice. Under a high chloride pipette solution, non-desensitizing and repeatable linalool-induced inward currents were preserved in the presence of tetrodotoxin (a voltage-gated Na[Formula: see text]channel blocker), CNQX (a non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist), and DL-AP5 (an NMDA receptor antagonist). However, linalool-induced inward currents were partially suppressed by picrotoxin (a GABA[Formula: see text] receptor antagonist) or strychnine (a glycine receptor antagonist). These responses were almost blocked in the presence of picrotoxin and strychnine. It was also found that linalool exhibited potentiation with GABA- and glycine-induced responses. Taken together, these data show that linalool has GABA- and glycine-mimetic effects, suggesting that it can be a promising target molecule for orofacial pain management by activating inhibitory neurotransmission in the SG area of the Vc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Nguyen Thi Phuong
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Seon Hui Jang
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Santosh Rijal
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Kwon Jung
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Joung Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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15
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Cho CH, Jang S, Choi BY, Hong D, Choi DS, Choi S, Kim H, Han SK, Kim S, Kim M, Palmgren M, Sohn KH, Yoon HS, Lee Y. Phylogenetic analysis of ABCG subfamily proteins in plants: functional clustering and coevolution with ABCGs of pathogens. Physiol Plant 2021; 172:1422-1438. [PMID: 31828796 PMCID: PMC8359288 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
ABCG subfamily proteins are highly enriched in terrestrial plants. Many of these proteins secrete secondary metabolites that repel or inhibit pathogens. To establish why the ABCG subfamily proteins proliferated extensively during evolution, we constructed phylogenetic trees from a broad range of eukaryotic organisms. ABCG proteins were massively duplicated in land plants and in oomycetes, a group of agronomically important plant pathogens, which prompted us to hypothesize that plant and pathogen ABCGs coevolved. Supporting this hypothesis, full-size ABCGs in host plants (Arabidopsis thaliana and Glycine max) and their pathogens (Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis and Phytophthora sojae, respectively) had similar divergence times and patterns. Furthermore, generalist pathogens with broad ranges of host plants have diversified more ABCGs than their specialist counterparts. The hypothesis was further tested using an example pair of ABCGs that first diverged during multiplication in a host plant and its pathogen: AtABCG31 of A. thaliana and HpaP802307 of H. arabidopsidis. AtABCG31 expression was activated following infection with H. arabidopsidis, and disrupting AtABCG31 led to increased susceptibility to H. arabidopsidis. Together, our results suggest that ABCG genes in plants and their oomycete pathogens coevolved in an arms race, to extrude secondary metabolites involved in the plant's defense response against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Hyun Cho
- Department of Biological SciencesSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
| | - Sunghoon Jang
- Department of Life SciencePohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Korea
| | - Bae Young Choi
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and BiotechnologyPOSTECHPohang37673Korea
| | - Daewoong Hong
- Department of Life SciencePohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Korea
| | - Du Seok Choi
- Department of Life SciencePohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Korea
- Present address:
GreenBio Center, Corporate R&D, LG Chem, LtdSeoul07796Korea
| | - Sera Choi
- Department of Life SciencePohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Korea
| | - Haseong Kim
- Department of Life SciencePohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Life SciencePohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Korea
| | - Sanguk Kim
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and BiotechnologyPOSTECHPohang37673Korea
| | - Min‐Sung Kim
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and BiotechnologyPOSTECHPohang37673Korea
| | - Michael Palmgren
- Department of Plant and Environmental ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenDK‐1871FrederiksbergDenmark
| | - Kee Hoon Sohn
- Department of Life SciencePohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Korea
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and BiotechnologyPOSTECHPohang37673Korea
| | - Hwan Su Yoon
- Department of Biological SciencesSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea
| | - Youngsook Lee
- Department of Life SciencePohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)Pohang37673Korea
- Division of Integrative Bioscience and BiotechnologyPOSTECHPohang37673Korea
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16
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Rijal S, Jang SH, Park SJ, Han SK. Lithium Enhances the GABAergic Synaptic Activities on the Hypothalamic Preoptic Area (hPOA) Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3908. [PMID: 33918982 PMCID: PMC8069239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithium (Li+) salt is widely used as a therapeutic agent for treating neurological and psychiatric disorders. Despite its therapeutic effects on neurological and psychiatric disorders, it can also disturb the neuroendocrine axis in patients under lithium therapy. The hypothalamic area contains GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons and their receptors, which regulate various hypothalamic functions such as the release of neurohormones, control circadian activities. At the neuronal level, several neurotransmitter systems are modulated by lithium exposure. However, the effect of Li+ on hypothalamic neuron excitability and the precise action mechanism involved in such an effect have not been fully understood yet. Therefore, Li+ action on hypothalamic neurons was investigated using a whole-cell patch-clamp technique. In hypothalamic neurons, Li+ increased the GABAergic synaptic activities via action potential independent presynaptic mechanisms. Next, concentration-dependent replacement of Na+ by Li+ in artificial cerebrospinal fluid increased frequencies of GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents without altering their amplitudes. Li+ perfusion induced inward currents in the majority of hypothalamic neurons independent of amino-acids receptor activation. These results suggests that Li+ treatment can directly affect the hypothalamic region of the brain and regulate the release of various neurohormones involved in synchronizing the neuroendocrine axis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (S.R.); (S.H.J.); (S.J.P.)
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17
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Kong J, Lee H, Kim D, Han SK, Ha D, Shin K, Kim S. Network-based machine learning in colorectal and bladder organoid models predicts anti-cancer drug efficacy in patients. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5485. [PMID: 33127883 PMCID: PMC7599252 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19313-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer patient classification using predictive biomarkers for anti-cancer drug responses is essential for improving therapeutic outcomes. However, current machine-learning-based predictions of drug response often fail to identify robust translational biomarkers from preclinical models. Here, we present a machine-learning framework to identify robust drug biomarkers by taking advantage of network-based analyses using pharmacogenomic data derived from three-dimensional organoid culture models. The biomarkers identified by our approach accurately predict the drug responses of 114 colorectal cancer patients treated with 5-fluorouracil and 77 bladder cancer patients treated with cisplatin. We further confirm our biomarkers using external transcriptomic datasets of drug-sensitive and -resistant isogenic cancer cell lines. Finally, concordance analysis between the transcriptomic biomarkers and independent somatic mutation-based biomarkers further validate our method. This work presents a method to predict cancer patient drug responses using pharmacogenomic data derived from organoid models by combining the application of gene modules and network-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- JungHo Kong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - Heetak Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - Donghyo Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - Doyeon Ha
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea
| | - Kunyoo Shin
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea.
- Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Korea.
| | - Sanguk Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea.
- Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Korea.
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18
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Nguyen PTT, Jang SH, Rijal S, Park SJ, Han SK. Inhibitory actions of borneol on the substantia gelatinosa neurons of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis in mice. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 24:433-440. [PMID: 32830150 PMCID: PMC7445480 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2020.24.5.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The substantia gelatinosa (SG) of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) is the first relay site for the orofacial nociceptive inputs via the thin myelinated Aδ and unmyelinated C primary afferent fibers. Borneol, one of the valuable timehonored herbal ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine, is a popular treatment for anxiety, anesthesia, and antinociception. However, to date, little is known as to how borneol acts on the SG neurons of the Vc. To close this gap, the whole-cell patch-clamp technique was applied to elucidate the antinociceptive mechanism responding for the actions of borneol on the SG neurons of the Vc in mice. In the voltage-clamp mode, holding at -60 mV, the borneol-induced non-desensitizing inward currents were not affected by tetrodotoxin, a voltage-gated Na+ channel blocker, 6-cyano-7-nitro-quinoxaline-2,3-dione, a non-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor antagonist and DL-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid, an NMDA receptor antagonist. However, borneol-induced inward currents were partially decreased in the presence of picrotoxin, a γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor antagonist, or strychnine, a glycine receptor antagonist, and was almost suppressed in the presence of picrotoxin and strychnine. Though borneol did not show any effect on the glycine-induced inward currents, borneol enhanced GABA-mediated responses. Beside, borneol enhanced the GABA-induced hyperpolarization under the current-clamp mode. Altogether, we suggest that borneol contributes in part toward mediating the inhibitory GABA and glycine transmission on the SG neurons of the Vc and may serve as an herbal therapeutic for orofacial pain ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Thao Thi Nguyen
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea.,Faculty of Odonto- Stomatology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue 53000, Vietnam
| | - Seon Hui Jang
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Santosh Rijal
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Soo Joung Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
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19
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Lee M, Lee E, Han SK, Choi YH, Kwon DI, Choi H, Lee K, Park ES, Rha MS, Joo DJ, Shin EC, Kim S, Kim JK, Lee YJ. Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies shared differentiation paths of mouse thymic innate T cells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4367. [PMID: 32868763 PMCID: PMC7459300 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18155-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT), mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT), and γδ T cells are innate T cells that acquire memory phenotype in the thymus and share similar biological characteristics. However, how their effector differentiation is developmentally regulated is still unclear. Here, we identify analogous effector subsets of these three innate T cell types in the thymus that share transcriptional profiles. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we show that iNKT, MAIT and γδ T cells mature via shared, branched differentiation rather than linear maturation or TCR-mediated instruction. Simultaneous TCR clonotyping analysis reveals that thymic maturation of all three types is accompanied by clonal selection and expansion. Analyses of mice deficient of TBET, GATA3 or RORγt and additional in vivo experiments corroborate the predicted differentiation paths, while human innate T cells from liver samples display similar features. Collectively, our data indicate that innate T cells share effector differentiation processes in the thymus. Innate T cells such as iNKT, MAIT and γδ T cells all develop in the thymus, but their differentiation paths are still unclear. Here, the authors show, using single-cell RNA sequencing, that all three cell types develop via shared and branched differentiation paths that are corroborated by additional results from gene-deficient mice and human liver T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Lee
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmin Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ha Choi
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Il Kwon
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyobeen Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanghwan Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seo Park
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seok Rha
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dong Jin Joo
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sanguk Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Kyoung Kim
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | - You Jeong Lee
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Rijal S, Cho DH, Park SA, Jang SH, Ábrahám IM, Han SK. Melatonin Suppresses the Kainate Receptor-Mediated Excitation on Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons in Female and Male Prepubertal Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21175991. [PMID: 32825350 PMCID: PMC7504472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21175991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, a pineal gland secretion, is an amphiphilic neurohormone involved in the biological and physiologic regulation of bodily functions. Numerous studies have shown the effects of melatonin on the release of gonadotropins and their actions at one or several levels of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. However, direct melatonin action on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons and its mechanism of action remain unclear. Here, plasma melatonin levels were measured and the effect of melatonin on GnRH neurons was assessed using brain slice patch clamp techniques. The plasma melatonin levels in prepubertal mice were higher than those in the adults. Melatonin itself did not change the firing activity of GnRH neurons. Interestingly, the kainate receptor-mediated responses but not the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)- and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA)-induced responses were suppressed by melatonin in both the voltage clamp and current clamp modes. The inhibitory effects of the kainate-induced response by melatonin tended to increase with higher melatonin concentrations and persisted in the presence of tetrodotoxin, a voltage-sensitive Na+ channel blocker, or luzindole, a non-selective melatonin receptor antagonist. However, the response was completely abolished by pretreatment with pertussis toxin. These results suggest that melatonin can regulate GnRH neuronal activities in prepubertal mice by partially suppressing the excitatory signaling mediated by kainate receptors through pertussis toxin-sensitive G-protein-coupled receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Rijal
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (S.R.); (S.H.J.)
| | - Dong Hyu Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute and Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Seon-Ah Park
- Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Biomedical Research Institute, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54907, Korea;
| | - Seon Hui Jang
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (S.R.); (S.H.J.)
| | - István M. Ábrahám
- PTE-NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (S.R.); (S.H.J.)
- PTE-NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-270-4030; Fax: +82-63-270-4004
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21
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Nguyen HTT, Jang SH, Park SJ, Cho DH, Han SK. Potentiation of the Glycine Response by Bisphenol A, an Endocrine Disrupter, on the Substantia Gelatinosa Neurons of the Trigeminal Subnucleus Caudalis in Mice. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:782-788. [PMID: 31997638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lamina II, also called the substantia gelatinosa (SG) of the medullary dorsal horn (the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis, Vc), is thought to play an essential role in the control of orofacial nociception because it receives the nociceptive signals from primary afferents, including thin myelinated Aδ- and unmyelinated C-fibers. Glycine, the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, plays an essential role in the transference of nociceptive messages from the periphery to higher brain regions. Bisphenol A (BPA) is reported to alter the morphological and functional characteristics of neuronal cells and to be an effector of a great number of ion channels in the central nervous system. However, the electrophysiological effects of BPA on the glycine receptors of SG neurons in the Vc have not been well studied. Therefore, in this study, we used the whole-cell patch-clamp technique to determine the effect of BPA on the glycine response in SG neurons of the Vc in male mice. We demonstrated that in early neonatal mice (0-3 postnatal day mice), BPA did not affect the glycine-induced inward current. However, in the juvenile and adult groups, BPA enhanced the glycine-mediated responses. Heteromeric glycine receptors were involved in the modulation by BPA. The interaction between BPA and glycine appears to have a significant role in regulating transmission in the nociceptive pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.,Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Seon Hui Jang
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Joung Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyu Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute and Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
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22
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Kwak N, Kim HR, Yoo CG, Kim YW, Han SK, Yim JJ. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis over 20 years at a referral hospital in South Korea: trends and outcomes. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 23:174-180. [PMID: 30808449 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING A referral centre in South Korea. OBJECTIVE To investigate trends in drug resistance, treatment modalities and outcomes, and adverse events of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) over two decades. DESIGN MDR-TB patients treated at Seoul National Hospital University between 1996 and 2015 were divided into four 5-year cohorts according to the date of initial diagnosis. Changes in demographic characteristics, drug resistance, drugs used, treatment outcomes and adverse events over time were elucidated. RESULTS Between 1996 and 2015, 418 patients were treated for MDR-TB: 86 patients between 1996 and 2000, 125 between 2001 and 2005, 123 between 2006 and 2010, and 84 between 2011 and 2015. The proportion of patients with positive acid-fast bacilli sputum (60.5-29.7%, P < 0.001) or cavities on chest radiographs (86.0-40.5%, P < 0.001) decreased over time. Resistance to pyrazinamide, fluoroquinolones, cycloserine and p-aminosalicylic acid decreased. Later-generation fluoroquinolones (77.9-90.5%) and linezolid (0-26.2%) became more frequently prescribed. The treatment success rate increased (45.3-88.1%, P < 0.001); neurological adverse events, including peripheral neuropathy also increased (4.7-13.1%, P = 0.027). CONCLUSION MDR-TB patients presented with less severe disease and better resistance profiles over time in South Korea, with treatment outcomes improving continuously.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kwak
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - H-R Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C-G Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y W Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S K Han
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J-J Yim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul
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23
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Kim D, Han SK, Lee K, Kim I, Kong J, Kim S. Evolutionary coupling analysis identifies the impact of disease-associated variants at less-conserved sites. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:e94. [PMID: 31199866 PMCID: PMC6895274 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have discovered a large number of genetic variants in human patients with the disease. Thus, predicting the impact of these variants is important for sorting disease-associated variants (DVs) from neutral variants. Current methods to predict the mutational impacts depend on evolutionary conservation at the mutation site, which is determined using homologous sequences and based on the assumption that variants at well-conserved sites have high impacts. However, many DVs at less-conserved but functionally important sites cannot be predicted by the current methods. Here, we present a method to find DVs at less-conserved sites by predicting the mutational impacts using evolutionary coupling analysis. Functionally important and evolutionarily coupled sites often have compensatory variants on cooperative sites to avoid loss of function. We found that our method identified known intolerant variants in a diverse group of proteins. Furthermore, at less-conserved sites, we identified DVs that were not identified using conservation-based methods. These newly identified DVs were frequently found at protein interaction interfaces, where species-specific mutations often alter interaction specificity. This work presents a means to identify less-conserved DVs and provides insight into the relationship between evolutionarily coupled sites and human DVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyo Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Kwanghwan Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Inhae Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - JungHo Kong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Sanguk Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
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24
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Nguyen HTT, Cho DH, Jang SH, Han SK, Park SJ. Potentiation of the glycine response by serotonin on the substantia gelatinosa neurons of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis in mice. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 23:271-279. [PMID: 31297011 PMCID: PMC6609265 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2019.23.4.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The lamina II, also called the substantia gelatinosa (SG), of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc), is thought to play an essential role in the control of orofacial nociception. Glycine and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) are the important neurotransmitters that have the individual parts on the modulation of nociceptive transmission. However, the electrophysiological effects of 5-HT on the glycine receptors on SG neurons of the Vc have not been well studied yet. For this reason, we applied the whole-cell patch clamp technique to explore the interaction of intracellular signal transduction between 5-HT and the glycine receptors on SG neurons of the Vc in mice. In nine of 13 neurons tested (69.2%), pretreatment with 5-HT potentiated glycine-induced current (IGly). Firstly, we examined with a 5-HT1 receptor agonist (8-OH-DPAT, 5-HT1/7 agonist, co-applied with SB-269970, 5-HT7 antagonist) and antagonist (WAY-100635), but 5-HT1 receptor agonist did not increase IGly and in the presence of 5-HT1 antagonist, the potentiation of 5-HT on IGly still happened. However, an agonist (α-methyl-5-HT) and antagonist (ketanserin) of the 5-HT2 receptor mimicked and inhibited the enhancing effect of 5-HT on IGly in the SG neurons, respectively. We also verified the role of the 5-HT7 receptor by using a 5-HT7 antagonist (SB-269970) but it also did not block the enhancement of 5-HT on IGly. Our study demonstrated that 5-HT facilitated IGly in the SG neurons of the Vc through the 5-HT2 receptor. The interaction between 5-HT and glycine appears to have a significant role in modulating the transmission of the nociceptive pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Dong Hyu Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonbuk National University Hospital and School of Medicine, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Seon Hui Jang
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Soo Joung Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
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25
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Han SK, Kong J, Kim S, Lee JH, Han DH. Exomic and transcriptomic alterations of hereditary gingival fibromatosis. Oral Dis 2019; 25:1374-1383. [PMID: 30907493 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare oral disease characterized by either localized or generalized gradual, benign, non-hemorrhagic enlargement of gingivae. Although several genetic causes of HGF are known, the genetic etiology of HGF as a non-syndromic and idiopathic entity remains uncertain. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We performed exome and RNA-seq of idiopathic HGF patients and controls, and then devised a computational framework that specifies exomic/transcriptomic alterations interconnected by a regulatory network to unravel genetic etiology of HGF. Moreover, given the lack of animal model or large-scale cohort data of HGF, we developed a strategy to cross-check their clinical relevance through in silico gene-phenotype mapping with biomedical literature mining and semantic analysis of disease phenotype similarities. RESULTS Exomic variants and differentially expressed genes of HGF were connected by members of TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway and craniofacial development processes, accounting for the molecular mechanism of fibroblast overgrowth mimicking HGF. Our cross-check supports that genes derived from the regulatory network analysis have pathogenic roles in fibromatosis-related diseases. CONCLUSIONS The computational approach of connecting exomic and transcriptomic alterations through regulatory networks is applicable in the clinical interpretation of genetic variants in HGF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Jungho Kong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Sanguk Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea.,Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Hoo Han
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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26
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T. HT, Jang SH, Park SJ, Cho DH, Han SK. Modulation of inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmissions by Zn2+ on the substantia gelatinosa neurons of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis in mice. Gen Physiol Biophys 2019; 38:399-406. [DOI: 10.4149/gpb_2019027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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Shen Y, Park JB, Lee SY, Han SK, Ryu PD. Exercise training normalizes elevated firing rate of hypothalamic presympathetic neurons in heart failure rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2018; 316:R110-R120. [PMID: 30485115 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00225.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Exercise training (ExT) normalizes elevated sympathetic nerve activity in heart failure (HF), but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we examined the effects of 3 wk of ExT on the electrical activity of the hypothalamic presympathetic neurons in the brain slice of HF rats. HF rats were prepared by ligating the left descending coronary artery. The electrophysiological properties of paraventricular nucleus neurons projecting to the rostral ventrolateral medulla (PVN-RVLM) were examined using the slice patch-clamp technique. The neuronal firing rate was elevated in HF rats, and ExT induced a reduction in the firing rate ( P < 0.01). This ExT-induced decrease in the firing rate was associated with an increased frequency of spontaneous and miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSCs; P < 0.05). There was no significant change in excitatory postsynaptic current. Replacing Ca2+ with Mg2+ in the recording solution reduced the elevated IPSC frequency in HF rats with ExT ( P < 0.01) but not in those without ExT, indicating an increase in the probability of GABA release. In contrast, ExT did not restore the reduced GABAA receptor-mediated tonic inhibitory current in HF rats. A GABAA receptor blocker (bicuculline, 20 μM) increased the firing rate in HF rats with ExT ( P < 0.01) but not in those without ExT. Collectively, these results show that ExT normalized the elevated firing activity by increasing synaptic GABA release in PVN-RVLM neurons in HF rats. Our findings provide a brain mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of ExT in HF, which may shed light on the pathophysiology of other diseases accompanied by sympathetic hyperactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Shen
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Bong Park
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeong Lee
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Pan Dong Ryu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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28
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Shen Y, Han SK, Ryu PD. Comparison of electrophysiological properties of two types of pre-sympathetic neurons intermingled in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. J Vet Sci 2018; 19:483-491. [PMID: 29649859 PMCID: PMC6070595 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.4.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) contains two types of neurons projecting to either the rostral ventrolateral medulla (PVNRVLM) or the intermediolateral horn (IML) of the spinal cord (PVNIML). These two neuron groups are intermingled in the same subdivisions of the PVN and differentially regulate sympathetic outflow. However, electrophysiological evidence supporting such functional differences is largely lacking. Herein, we compared the electrophysiological properties of these neurons by using patch-clamp and retrograde-tracing techniques. Most neurons (>70%) in both groups spontaneously fired in the cell-attached mode. When compared to the PVNIML neurons, the PVNRVLM neurons had a lower firing rate and a more irregular firing pattern (p < 0.05). The PVNRVLM neurons showed smaller resting membrane potential, slower rise and decay times, and greater duration of spontaneous action potentials (p < 0.05). The PVNRVLM neurons received greater inhibitory synaptic inputs (frequency, p < 0.05) with a shorter rise time (p < 0.05). Taken together, the results indicate that the two pre-sympathetic neurons differ in their intrinsic and extrinsic electrophysiological properties, which may explain the lower firing activity of the PVNRVLM neurons. The greater inhibitory synaptic inputs to the PVNRVLM neurons also imply that these neurons have more integrative roles in regulation of sympathetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Shen
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Pan Dong Ryu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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29
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Bhattarai P, Bhattarai JP, Kim MS, Han SK. Non-genomic action of vitamin D3 on N-methyl-D-aspartate and kainate receptor-mediated actions in juvenile gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neurons. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:1231-1238. [PMID: 27225229 DOI: 10.1071/rd15357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a versatile signalling molecule that plays a critical role in calcium homeostasis. There are several studies showing the genomic action of vitamin D in the control of reproduction; however, the quick non-genomic action of vitamin D at the hypothalamic level is not well understood. Therefore, to investigate the effect of vitamin D on juvenile gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons, excitatory neurotransmitter receptor agonists N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA, 30μM) and kainate (10μM) were applied in the absence or in the presence of vitamin D3 (VitaD3, 10nM). The NMDA-mediated responses were decreased by VitaD3 in the absence and in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX), a sodium-channel blocker, with the mean relative inward current being 0.56±0.07 and 0.66±0.07 (P<0.05), respectively. In addition, VitaD3 induced a decrease in the frequency of gamma-aminobutyric acid mediated (GABAergic) spontaneous postsynaptic currents and spontaneous postsynaptic currents induced by NMDA application with a mean relative frequency of 0.595±0.07 and 0.56±0.09, respectively. Further, VitaD3 decreased the kainate-induced inward currents in the absence and in the presence of TTX with a relative inward current of 0.64±0.06 and 0.68±0.06, respectively (P<0.05). These results suggest that VitaD3 has a non-genomic action and partially inhibits the NMDA and kainate receptor-mediated actions of GnRH neurons, suggesting that VitaD3 may regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis at the time of pubertal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Bhattarai
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Duckjin Dong, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, South Korea
| | - Janardhan P Bhattarai
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Duckjin Dong, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, South Korea
| | - Min Sun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonbuk National University Medical School, and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Duckjin Dong, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, South Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Duckjin Dong, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, South Korea
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30
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Han SK, Kim D, Lee H, Kim I, Kim S. Divergence of Noncoding Regulatory Elements Explains Gene–Phenotype Differences between Human and Mouse Orthologous Genes. Mol Biol Evol 2018; 35:1653-1667. [DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msy056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Donghyo Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Heetak Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Inhae Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Sanguk Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
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31
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Shen Y, Bhattarai JP, Park SJ, Lee GS, Ryu PD, Han SK. Korean red ginseng excitation of paraventricular nucleus neurons via non-N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor activation in mice. J Vet Sci 2018; 19:172-178. [PMID: 29169227 PMCID: PMC5879065 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.2.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that Korean red ginseng (KRG), a valuable and important traditional medicine, has varied effects on the central nervous system, suggesting its activities are complicated. The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) neurons of the hypothalamus has a critical role in stress responses and hormone secretions. Although the action mechanisms of KRG on various cells and systems have been reported, the direct membrane effects of KRG on PVN neurons have not been fully described. In this study, the direct membrane effects of KRG on PVN neuronal activity were investigated by using a perforated patch-clamp in ICR mice. In gramicidin perforated patch-clamp mode, KRG extract (KRGE) induced repeatable depolarization followed by hyperpolarization of PVN neurons. The KRGE-induced responses were concentration- dependent and persisted in the presence of tetrodotoxin, a voltage sensitive Na+ channel blocker. The KRGE-induced responses were suppressed by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (10 μM), a non-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor antagonist, but not by picrotoxin, a type A gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor antagonist. The results indicate that KRG activates non-NMDA glutamate receptors of PVN neurons in mice, suggesting that KRG may be a candidate for use in regulation of stress responses by controlling autonomic nervous system and hormone secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Shen
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Janardhan P Bhattarai
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Soo Joung Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Gyu Seung Lee
- Daejeon Dong-gu Health Promotion Center, Daejeon 34691, Korea
| | - Pan Dong Ryu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
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Abstract
Flufenoxuron is an insect growth regulator which inhibits chitin (exoskeleton) biosynthesis in insect's body. Not much is known about its toxicity to human. This report describes three patients who developed worsening lactic acidosis and hypotension after ingestion of flufenoxuron-containing materials. Two of the three patients received continuous renal replacement therapy and survived. (Hong Kong j.emerg.med. 2014;21:181-184)
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Tran PTH, Lee YH, Bhattarai JP, Park SJ, Yi HK, Han SK. Existence of ATP sensitive potassium currents on human periodontal ligament cells. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 76:48-54. [PMID: 28119170 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Potassium channels of the ATP-sensitive family (KATP channel) are inhibited by increase in intracellular ATP. Electrophysiological studies have demonstrated that the kinetics and pharmacological properties of KATP channels vary among different tissues, suggesting structurally and functionally distinct types. There are studies showing human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells respond to mechanical stress by increasing ATP release, which participates in bone resorption or bone homeostasis. So, in this study we investigated the existence of KATP channel subunit and their single channel properties in human periodontal ligaments. MATERIALS & METHOD The human PDL cells were isolated from healthy erupted third molar. For patch-clamp experiments, human PDL fibroblasts were seeded on 3.5cm plastic dishes. The inside-out patch clamp recordings were performed under voltage clamp mode. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was conducted to identify the channel subunits. All pair-wise comparisons were performed by Paired t-test. A P value <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS We observed mRNA transcripts for Kir6.1, Kir6.2 and Sur2B subuits in the human PDL cells. In inside-out patch mode, the single channel conductance was 163pS at symmetrical K+ concentration of 140mM and inward rectification was seen in ATP-free bath solution. The reversal potential of the currents was found to be 0mV at symmetrical concentration (140mM) of K+ in bath solution. The single channel currents were almost blocked by adding 5mM ATP in the bath solution. However, the currents were not blocked by 100μM glibenclamide, a subunit specific KATP channel blocker. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that human PDL cells express KATP channels subunit including Sur2B and Kir6.1 and Kir6.2 which are sensitive to ATP but insensitive to glibenclamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Thi Huyen Tran
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Janardhan Prasad Bhattarai
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Soo Joung Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Ho-Keun Yi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea.
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Bhattarai JP, Cho DH, Han SK. Activation of Strychnine-Sensitive Glycine Receptors by Shilajit on Preoptic Hypothalamic Neurons of Juvenile Mice. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2016; 59:39-45. [PMID: 26875561 DOI: 10.4077/cjp.2016.bae361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Shilajit, a mineral pitch, has been used in Ayurveda and Siddha system of medicine to treat many human ailments, and is reported to contain at least 85 minerals in ionic form. This study examined the possible mechanism of Shilajit action on preoptic hypothalamic neurons using juvenile mice. The hypothalamic neurons are the key regulator of many hormonal systems. In voltage clamp mode at a holding potential of -60 mV, and under a high chloride pipette solution, Shilajit induced dose-dependent inward current. Shilajit-induced inward currents were reproducible and persisted in the presence of 0.5 μM tetrodotoxin (TTX) suggesting a postsynaptic action of Shilajit on hypothalamic neurons. The currents induced by Shilajit were almost completely blocked by 2 μM strychnine (Stry), a glycine receptor antagonist. In addition, Shilajit-induced inward currents were partially blocked by bicuculline. Under a gramicidin-perforated patch clamp mode, Shilajit induced membrane depolarization on juvenile neurons. These results show that Shilajit affects hypothalamic neuronal activities by activating the Stry-sensitive glycine receptor with α₂/α₂β subunit. Taken together, these results suggest that Shilajit contains some ingredients with possible glycine mimetic activities and might influence hypothalamic neurophysiology through activation of Stry-sensitive glycine receptor-mediated responses on hypothalamic neurons postsynaptically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janardhan Prasad Bhattarai
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyu Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonbuk National University Hospital and School of Medicine, Jeonju, 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Republic of Korea
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Kim MJ, Park YH, Yang KY, Ju JS, Bae YC, Han SK, Ahn DK. Participation of central GABA A receptors in the trigeminal processing of mechanical allodynia in rats. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 21:65-74. [PMID: 28066142 PMCID: PMC5214912 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Here we investigated the central processing mechanisms of mechanical allodynia and found a direct excitatory link with low-threshold input to nociceptive neurons. Experiments were performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 230-280 g. Subcutaneous injection of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) (1 ng/10 µL) was used to produce mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Intracisternal administration of bicuculline, a gamma aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptor antagonist, produced mechanical allodynia in the orofacial area under normal conditions. However, intracisternal administration of bicuculline (50 ng) produced a paradoxical anti-allodynic effect under inflammatory pain conditions. Pretreatment with resiniferatoxin (RTX), which depletes capsaicin receptor protein in primary afferent fibers, did not alter the paradoxical anti-allodynic effects produced by the intracisternal injection of bicuculline. Intracisternal injection of bumetanide, an Na-K-Cl cotransporter (NKCC 1) inhibitor, reversed the IL-1β-induced mechanical allodynia. In the control group, application of GABA (100 µM) or muscimol (3 µM) led to membrane hyperpolarization in gramicidin perforated current clamp mode. However, in some neurons, application of GABA or muscimol led to membrane depolarization in the IL-1β-treated rats. These results suggest that some large myelinated Aβ fibers gain access to the nociceptive system and elicit pain sensation via GABAA receptors under inflammatory pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Young Hong Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Kui Ye Yang
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Jin Sook Ju
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Yong Chul Bae
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Dong Kuk Ahn
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea
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Yin H, Bhattarai JP, Oh SM, Park SJ, Ahn DK, Han SK. Baicalin Activates Glycine and γ-Aminobutyric Acid Receptors on Substantia Gelatinosa Neurons of the Trigeminal Subsnucleus Caudalis in Juvenile Mice. Am J Chin Med 2016; 44:389-400. [PMID: 27080947 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x16500221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The substantia gelatinosa (SG) of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) receives nociceptive afferent inputs from thin-myelinated A[Formula: see text] fibers and unmyelinated C fibers and has been shown to be involved in the processing of orofacial nociceptive information. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Huang-Qin, SbG), one of the 50 fundamental herbs of Chinese herbology, has been used historically as anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic medicine. Baicalin, one of the major compounds of SbG, has been reported to have neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. However, the receptor type activated by baicalin and its precise action mechanism on the SG neurons of Vc have not yet been studied. The whole-cell patch clamp technique was performed to examine the ion channels activated by baicalin on the SG neurons of Vc. In high Cl[Formula: see text] pipette solution, the baicalin (300[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M) induced repeatable inward currents ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]pA, [Formula: see text]) without desensitization on all the SG neurons tested. Further, the inward currents showed a concentration (0.1-3[Formula: see text]mM) dependent pattern. The inward current was sustained in the presence of tetrodotoxin (0.5[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M), a voltage sensitive Na[Formula: see text] channel blocker. In addition, baicalin-induced inward currents were reduced in the presence of picrotoxin (50[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M), a GABAA receptor antagonist, flumazenil (100[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M), a benzodiazepine-sensitive GABAA receptor antagonist, and strychnine (2[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M), a glycine receptor antagonist, respectively. These results indicate that baicalin has inhibitory effects on the SG neurons of the Vc, which are due to the activation of GABAA and/or the glycine receptor. Our results suggest that baicalin may be a potential target for orofacial pain modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yin
- * Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Janardhan Prasad Bhattarai
- * Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Mi Oh
- * Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Joung Park
- * Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kuk Ahn
- † Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- * Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
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Kwon EK, Min CK, Kim Y, Lee JW, Aigerim A, Schmidt S, Nam HJ, Han SK, Kim K, Cha JS, Kim H, Kim S, Cho HS, Choi MS, Cho NH. Constitutive activation of T cells by γ2-herpesviral GPCR through the interaction with cellular CXCR4. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2016; 1864:1-11. [PMID: 27751885 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Members of the herpesviral family use multiple strategies to hijack infected host cells and exploit cellular signaling for their pathogenesis and latent infection. Among the most intriguing weapons in the arsenal of pathogenic herpesviruses are the constitutively active virally-encoded G protein-coupled receptors (vGPCRs). Even though vGPCRs contribute to viral pathogenesis such as immune evasion and proliferative disorders, the molecular details of how vGPCRs continuously activate cellular signaling are largely unknown. Here, we report that the vGPCR of Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS), an oncogenic γ2-herpesvirus, constitutively activates T cells via a heteromeric interaction with cellular CXCR4. Constitutive T cell activation also occurs with expression of the vGPCR of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), but not the vGPCR of Epstein-Barr virus. Expression of HVS vGPCR down-regulated the surface expression of CXCR4 but did not induce the degradation of the chemokine receptor, suggesting that vGPCR/CXCR4 signaling continues in cytosolic compartments. The physical association of vGPCR with CXCR4 was demonstrated by proximity ligation assay as well as immunoprecipitation. Interestingly, the constitutive activation of T cells by HVS vGPCR is independent of proximal T cell receptor (TCR) signaling molecules, such as TCRβ, Lck, and ZAP70, whereas CXCR4 silencing by shRNA abolished T cell activation by vGPCRs of HVS and KSHV. Furthermore, previously identified inactive vGPCR mutants failed to interact with CXCR4. These findings on the positive cooperativity of vGPCR with cellular CXCR4 in T cell activation extend our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of vGPCR function and highlight the importance of heteromerization for GPCR activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyung Kwon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Ki Min
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuri Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdimadiyeva Aigerim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sebastian Schmidt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jun Nam
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuglae Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Seok Cha
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoyoung Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanguk Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Cho
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Sik Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research Center and Bundang Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Oh SM, Bhattarai JP, Han SK, Park SJ. Effects of hypotaurine on substantia gelatinosa neurons of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis in immature mice. Amino Acids 2016; 48:2843-2853. [PMID: 27573934 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2321-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To understand the action and mechanism of hypotaurine, an immediate precursor of taurine, on orofacial nociceptive processing, we examined the direct effects and receptor types involved in hypotaurine-induced responses using the whole-cell patch clamp technique in the substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) of immature mice. Under the condition of high-chloride pipette solution, hypotaurine elicited inward currents or upward deflections of membrane potential, which increased in a concentration-dependent manner (30-3000 μM) with the EC50 of 663.8 and 337.6 μM, respectively. The responses to 300 µM hypotaurine were reproducible and recovered upon washout. The 300 µM hypotaurine-induced currents were maintained in the presence of TTX, CNQX, and AP5, indicating direct postsynaptic action of hypotaurine on SG neurons. Responses to both low (300 µM) and high (1 or 3 mM) concentrations of hypotaurine were completely and reversibly blocked by the glycine receptor antagonist strychnine (2 µM), but unaffected by the GABAA receptor antagonist gabazine (3 µM) which blocks synaptic GABAA receptors at low concentration. Furthermore, responses to 300 µM hypotaurine and a maximal concentration of glycine (3 mM) were not additive, indicating that hypotaurine and glycine act on the same receptor. Hypotaurine-induced currents were partially antagonized by picrotoxin (50 µM) which blocks homomeric glycine receptors and by bicuculline (10 µM) which is an antagonist of α2 subunit-containing glycine receptors. These results suggest that hypotaurine-induced responses were mediated by glycine receptor activation in the SG neurons and hypotaurine might be used as an effective therapeutics for orofacial pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Mi Oh
- Department of Oral Physiology and Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, 664-14, 1 Ga, Deokjin-Dong, Jeonbuk, Jeonju, 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Janardhan Prasad Bhattarai
- Department of Oral Physiology and Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, 664-14, 1 Ga, Deokjin-Dong, Jeonbuk, Jeonju, 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology and Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, 664-14, 1 Ga, Deokjin-Dong, Jeonbuk, Jeonju, 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Joung Park
- Department of Oral Physiology and Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, 664-14, 1 Ga, Deokjin-Dong, Jeonbuk, Jeonju, 561-756, Republic of Korea.
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Kim YW, Seong MW, Kim TS, Yoo CG, Kim YW, Han SK, Yim JJ. Evaluation of Xpert(®) MTB/RIF assay: diagnosis and treatment outcomes in rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2016; 19:1216-21. [PMID: 26459536 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.15.0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING The Xpert(®) MTB/RIF assay is endorsed by the World Health Organization for the detection of rifampicin (RMP) resistant tuberculosis (TB). OBJECTIVE To evaluate Xpert for its diagnostic accuracy in detecting RMP-resistant TB and its impact on treatment outcomes. DESIGN Patients with available phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) results and those in whom RMP-resistant pulmonary TB was diagnosed using Xpert were evaluated. The accuracy and turnaround time (TAT) of Xpert for determining RMP-resistant TB was calculated. The TATs for treatment between patients diagnosed with RMP-resistant TB using Xpert and those diagnosed without the assay (phenotypic DST group) were compared. RESULTS In 321 patients, when phenotypic DST was used as the gold standard, Xpert sensitivity and specificity for RMP resistance diagnosis was respectively 100% and 98.7%; the positive and negative predictive values were respectively 86.2% and 100%. The Xpert group had a much shorter interval from initial evaluation to commencing second-line anti-tuberculosis treatment (64 vs. 2 days, P < 0.001), and negative conversion of mycobacterial cultures (197 vs. 62.5 days, P < 0.001) than the phenotypic DST group. CONCLUSION Xpert was accurate at diagnosing RMP resistance in this setting with an intermediate TB burden and a low level of RMP resistance. Xpert might reduce disease transmission by reducing the sputum culture conversion times for patients with RMP-resistant TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M-W Seong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T S Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C-G Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y W Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Han
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-J Yim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
SETTING After several changes in treatment modalities, it is time to re-evaluate treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). OBJECTIVE To evaluate treatment outcomes, elucidate changes in outcomes over time and identify predictors of treatment success for MDR-TB. DESIGN Patients diagnosed with MDR-TB at a tertiary referral centre in South Korea between January 2006 and December 2010 were included. Treatment modalities and outcomes were assessed. Predictors of treatment success were analysed using multiple logistic regression. The treatment modalities and outcomes of these patients were compared with those of MDR-TB patients between January 1996 and December 2005. RESULTS Of the 123 MDR-TB patients diagnosed during the later study period, treatment was successful in 103 (83.7%). Extensive drug resistance (OR 0.31, P = 0.044) and additional resistance to fluoroquinolones (OR 0.23, P = 0.039) were inversely associated with treatment success. The treatment success rate improved from 53.5% in 1996-2000 to 68.8% in 2001-2005 and 83.7% in 2006-2010 (P < 0.001). Improved outcomes were accompanied with more frequent use of later-generation fluoroquinolones and linezolid and less frequent surgical resection. CONCLUSION Treatment outcomes for MDR-TB improved at a tertiary referral centre in South Korea. The improvement was associated with more frequent use of later-generation fluoroquinolones and linezolid.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kwak
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-R Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C-G Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y W Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Han
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-J Yim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee JK, Lee J, Park SS, Heo EY, Park YS, Lee CH, Lee SM, Yoon HI, Yim JJ, Yoo CG, Chung HS, Kim YW, Han SK, Kim DK. Effect of inhalers on the development of haemoptysis in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2015; 18:363-70. [PMID: 24670577 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of inhaler use with haemoptysis has rarely been reported in patients with non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the effect of inhaler use on the development of haemoptysis in patients with non-CF bronchiectasis. METHODS In a case-crossover study of 192 non-CF bronchiectasis patients with a history of haemoptysis and inhaler use, the risk of haemoptysis associated with the use of inhalers was elucidated. Two inhaled corticosteroids/long-acting β₂-agonists (ICS/LABA), one long-acting muscarinic antagonist and one short-acting β₂-agonist (SABA) were evaluated. The case and control periods were defined respectively as 030 and 180210 days before haemoptysis. RESULTS The risk of haemoptysis during the case period was 3.51 times higher than during the control period with any use of inhalers (95%CI 1.966.28). The results of clinically significant haemoptysis showed good agreement with those of total events. These associations were consistent with the sensitivity analyses. In the sub-analysis according to inhaler type, ICS/LABA and SABA were significantly associated with an increased risk of haemoptysis (aOR 2.62, 95%CI 1.255.45; aOR 2.51, 95%CI 2.235.15). CONCLUSIONS In patients with non-CF bronchiectasis, the use of inhalers, especially including 2-agonist, was associated with an increased risk of haemoptysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-K Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S S Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E Y Heo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-M Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H I Yoon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - J-J Yim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C-G Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Chung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y W Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Han
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D K Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bhattarai JP, Park SJ, Chun SW, Cho DH, Han SK. Activation of synaptic and extrasynaptic glycine receptors by taurine in preoptic hypothalamic neurons. Neurosci Lett 2015; 608:51-6. [PMID: 26453764 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Taurine is an essential amino-sulfonic acid having a fundamental function in the brain, participating in both cell volume regulation and neurotransmission. Using a whole cell voltage patch clamp technique, the taurine-activated neurotransmitter receptors in the preoptic hypothalamic area (PHA) neurons were investigated. In the first set of experiments, different concentrations of taurine were applied on PHA neurons. Taurine-induced responses were concentration-dependent. Taurine-induced currents were action potential-independent and sensitive to strychnine, suggesting the involvement of glycine receptors. In addition, taurine activated not only α-homomeric, but also αβ-heteromeric glycine receptors in PHA neurons. Interestingly, a low concentration of taurine (0.5mM) activated glycine receptors, whereas a higher concentration (3mM) activated both glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptors in PHA neurons. These results suggest that PHA neurons are influenced by taurine and respond via glycine and GABAA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janardhan Prasad Bhattarai
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Joung Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Chun
- Department of Oral Physiology, College of Dentistry, Institute of Wonkwang Biomaterial and Implant, Wonkwang University, 344-2 Shinyong Dong, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyu Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonbuk National University Hospital and School of Medicine, Jeonj 561-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea.
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Kim YW, Kwak N, Seong MW, Kim EC, Yoo CG, Kim YW, Han SK, Yim JJ. Accuracy of the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in South Korea. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2015; 19:81-6. [PMID: 25519795 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING The Xpert(®) MTB/RIF assay has been endorsed by the World Health Organization for the detection of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). OBJECTIVE To determine the accuracy of the Xpert assay in diagnosing EPTB in South Korea, a country with an intermediate TB burden. DESIGN We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1429 patients in whom the Xpert assay using EPTB specimens was requested between 1 January 2011 and 31 October 2013 in a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for the diagnosis of EPTB and detection of rifampicin (RMP) resistance were calculated. RESULTS Using culture as gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of the assay were respectively 67.7%, 98.1%, 60% and 98.6%. Using a composite reference standard, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were respectively 49.3%, 100%, 100% and 95.1%. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for the detection of RMP resistance among specimens with positive results for Mycobacterium tuberculosis were respectively 80%, 100%, 100% and 97.7%. CONCLUSION The Xpert assay showed acceptable sensitivity in certain groups and excellent specificity in diagnosing EPTB and detecting RMP resistance in an intermediate TB burden country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - N Kwak
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M-W Seong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E-C Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C-G Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y W Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Han
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-J Yim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Han SK, Kim I, Hwang J, Kim S. Network Modules of the Cross-Species Genotype-Phenotype Map Reflect the Clinical Severity of Human Diseases. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136300. [PMID: 26301634 PMCID: PMC4547739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in genome sequencing techniques have improved our understanding of the genotype-phenotype relationship between genetic variants and human diseases. However, genetic variations uncovered from patient populations do not provide enough information to understand the mechanisms underlying the progression and clinical severity of human diseases. Moreover, building a high-resolution genotype-phenotype map is difficult due to the diverse genetic backgrounds of the human population. We built a cross-species genotype-phenotype map to explain the clinical severity of human genetic diseases. We developed a data-integrative framework to investigate network modules composed of human diseases mapped with gene essentiality measured from a model organism. Essential and nonessential genes connect diseases of different types which form clusters in the human disease network. In a large patient population study, we found that disease classes enriched with essential genes tended to show a higher mortality rate than disease classes enriched with nonessential genes. Moreover, high disease mortality rates are explained by the multiple comorbid relationships and the high pleiotropy of disease genes found in the essential gene-enriched diseases. Our results reveal that the genotype-phenotype map of a model organism can facilitate the identification of human disease-gene associations and predict human disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790–784, Korea
| | - Inhae Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790–784, Korea
| | - Jihye Hwang
- Department of IT Convergence and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790–784, Korea
| | - Sanguk Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790–784, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Seo M, Seo K, Hwang W, Koo HJ, Hahm JH, Yang JS, Han SK, Hwang D, Kim S, Jang SK, Lee Y, Nam HG, Lee SJV. RNA helicase HEL-1 promotes longevity by specifically activating DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E4246-55. [PMID: 26195740 PMCID: PMC4534234 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1505451112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The homeostatic maintenance of the genomic DNA is crucial for regulating aging processes. However, the role of RNA homeostasis in aging processes remains unknown. RNA helicases are a large family of enzymes that regulate the biogenesis and homeostasis of RNA. However, the functional significance of RNA helicases in aging has not been explored. Here, we report that a large fraction of RNA helicases regulate the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. In particular, we show that a DEAD-box RNA helicase, helicase 1 (HEL-1), promotes longevity by specifically activating the DAF-16/forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factor signaling pathway. We find that HEL-1 is required for the longevity conferred by reduced insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling (IIS) and is sufficient for extending lifespan. We further show that the expression of HEL-1 in the intestine and neurons contributes to longevity. HEL-1 enhances the induction of a large fraction of DAF-16 target genes. Thus, the RNA helicase HEL-1 appears to promote longevity in response to decreased IIS as a transcription coregulator of DAF-16. Because HEL-1 and IIS are evolutionarily well conserved, a similar mechanism for longevity regulation via an RNA helicase-dependent regulation of FOXO signaling may operate in mammals, including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihwa Seo
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daegu 711-873, Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Keunhee Seo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Wooseon Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Hee Jung Koo
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daegu 711-873, Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Hahm
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daegu 711-873, Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Yang
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daegu 711-873, Korea; Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 711-873, Korea
| | - Sanguk Kim
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea; Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea; Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 711-873, Korea
| | - Sung Key Jang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Yoontae Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Hong Gil Nam
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daegu 711-873, Korea; Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 711-873, Korea;
| | - Seung-Jae V Lee
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea; Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea; Information Technology Convergence Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
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Nguyen HTT, Bhattarai JP, Park SJ, Lee JC, Cho DH, Han SK. Enhanced GABA action on the substantia gelatinosa neurons of the medullary dorsal horn in the offspring of streptozotocin-injected mice. J Diabetes Complications 2015; 29:629-36. [PMID: 25891974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy is a frequent complication of diabetes mellitus and a common symptom of neuropathic pain, the mechanism of which is complex and involves both peripheral and central components of the sensory system. The lamina II of the medullary dorsal horn, called the substantia gelatinosa (SG), is well known to be a critical site for processing of orofacial nociceptive information. Although there have been a number of studies done on diabetic neuropathy related to the orofacial region, the action of neurotransmitter receptors on SG neurons in the diabetic state is not yet fully understood. Therefore, we used the whole-cell patch clamp technique to investigate this alteration on SG neurons in both streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice and offspring from diabetic female mice. STZ (200 mg/kg)-injected mice showed a small decrease in body weight and a significant increase in blood glucose level when compared with their respective control group. However, application of different concentrations of glycine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate on SG neurons from STZ-injected mice did not induce any significant differences in inward currents when compared to their control counterparts. On the other hand, the offspring of diabetic female mice (induced by multiple injections of STZ (40 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days) led to a significant decrease in both body weight and blood glucose level compared to the control offspring. Glycine and glutamate responses in the SG neurons of the offspring from diabetic female mice were similar to those of control offspring. However, the GABA response in SG neurons of offspring from diabetic female mice was greater than that of control offspring. Furthermore, the GABA-mediated responses in offspring from diabetic and control mice were examined at different concentrations ranging from 3 to 1,000 μM. At each concentration, the GABA-induced mean inward currents in the SG neurons of offspring from diabetic female mice were larger than those of control mice. These results demonstrate that SG neurons in offspring from diabetic mice are more sensitive to GABA compared to control mice, suggesting that GABA sensitivity may alter orofacial pain processing in offspring from diabetic female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Janardhan Prasad Bhattarai
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Joung Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chae Lee
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyu Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonbuk National University Hospital and School of Medicine, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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Han SK, Song HS, Kim R, Kang SH. Clinical results of treatment of garden type 1 and 2 femoral neck fractures in patients over 70-year old. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2015; 42:191-6. [PMID: 26038046 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-015-0528-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We retrospectively analyzed the clinical results of treatment of impacted or undisplaced femoral neck fractures (Garden types 1 and 2) by osteosynthesis in elderly patients >70-year old. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the radiological results of 52 patients who were followed up for at least 6 months from April 2002 to December 2008. The average age of the patients was 77.6 years (range 70-97 years), and 38 patients were females. The mean follow-up period was 11.7 months (range 6-19 months). Thirteen cases were Garden type 1 fractures, and 39 were Garden type 2 fractures. We assessed the relationships between the occurrence of complications and age, sex, Garden stage, bone mineral density (BMD), history of contralateral hip fracture, and any additional hip injury. RESULTS Major complications occurred in 18 cases (34.6 %), including nonunion (8 cases), osteonecrosis (6 cases), stress fracture of the subtrochanter (2 cases), excessive pull-out of a screw (1 case), and deep infection (1 case). The development of complications was associated with Garden stage 2, BMD, and additional hip injury. However, other factors were not associated with complications. Reoperations were performed in 16 cases (30.1 %), and 2 of the patients died during follow-up. CONCLUSION A relatively high rate of complications or reoperations developed after treatment of Garden 2 femoral neck fractures in senile patients >70 years of age with osteoporosis. Although internal fixation has been recommended in the literature for undisplaced femoral neck fractures, primary arthroplasty may be a better option for treatment of Garden type 2 fractures in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-709, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-709, Republic of Korea
| | - R Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-709, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Paul's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-709, Republic of Korea.
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Shen YM, Lee SY, Han SK, Ryu PD. Electrophysiological Properties of Magno‐and Parvo‐Cellular Neurons in Rat Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.lb727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ming Shen
- Veterinary Pharmacology Seoul National UniversityKorea
| | - So Yeong Lee
- Veterinary Pharmacology Seoul National UniversityKorea
| | | | - Pan Dong Ryu
- Veterinary Pharmacology Seoul National UniversityKorea
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Chong W, Kim SN, Han SK, Lee SY, Ryu PD. Low Non-NMDA Receptor Current Density as Possible Protection Mechanism from Neurotoxicity of Circulating Glutamate on Subfornical Organ Neurons in Rats. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 19:177-81. [PMID: 25729280 PMCID: PMC4342738 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2015.19.2.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The subfornical organ (SFO) is one of circumventricular organs characterized by the lack of a normal blood brain barrier. The SFO neurons are exposed to circulating glutamate (60~100 µM), which may cause excitotoxicity in the central nervous system. However, it remains unclear how SFO neurons are protected from excitotoxicity caused by circulating glutamate. In this study, we compared the glutamate-induced whole cell currents in SFO neurons to those in hippocampal CA1 neurons using the patch clamp technique in brain slice. Glutamate (100 µM) induced an inward current in both SFO and hippocampal CA1 neurons. The density of glutamate-induced current in SFO neurons was significantly smaller than that in hippocampal CA1 neurons (0.55 vs. 2.07 pA/pF, p<0.05). To further identify the subtype of the glutamate receptors involved, the whole cell currents induced by selective agonists were then compared. The current densities induced by AMPA (0.45 pA/pF) and kainate (0.83 pA/pF), non-NMDA glutamate receptor agonists in SFO neurons were also smaller than those in hippocampal CA1 neurons (2.44 pA/pF for AMPA, p<0.05; 2.34 pA/pF for kainate, p< 0.05). However, the current density by NMDA in SFO neurons was not significantly different from that of hippocampal CA1 neurons (1.58 vs. 1.47 pA/pF, p>0.05). These results demonstrate that glutamate-mediated action through non-NMDA glutamate receptors in SFO neurons is smaller than that of hippocampal CA1 neurons, suggesting a possible protection mechanism from excitotoxicity by circulating glutamate in SFO neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonee Chong
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Seong Nam Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - So Yeong Lee
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Pan Dong Ryu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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You HJ, Han SK, Rhie JW. Randomised controlled clinical trial for autologous fibroblast-hyaluronic acid complex in treating diabetic foot ulcers. J Wound Care 2015; 23:521-2, 524, 526-30. [PMID: 25375400 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2014.23.11.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) often pose a treatment problem. Bioengineered skin substitutes have been reported to result in accelerated diabetic wound healing. The purpose of this clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the autologous fibroblast-hyaluronic acid complex for treating DFUs. METHOD A stratified, randomised, controlled, multicentre study was carried out. Patients with DFUs were allocated to either a treatment group with grafting of an autologous fibroblast-hyaluronic acid complex or a control group with non-adherent foam dressing. Except for application of the fibroblast complex, treatment of the study ulcers was identical for patients in both groups. The maximum follow-up period for each patient was 12 weeks. RESULTS Complete ulcer healing was achieved in 84% (26/31 patients) of the treatment group and 34% (11/32 patients) of the control group (p<0.05). The times required for complete healing were 36.4 ± 17.6 and 48.4 ± 13.1 days in the treatment and control groups, respectively (p<0.05). No adverse events related to treatment occurred. CONCLUSION These results indicate that autologous fibroblast-hyaluronic acid complex may offer a safe and effective treatment for DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J You
- Clinical Instructor, Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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