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COVID-19 vaccine reactogenicity among participants enrolled in the GENCOV study. Vaccine 2024; 42:2733-2739. [PMID: 38521677 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GENCOV is a prospective, observational cohort study of COVID-19-positive adults. Here, we characterize and compare side effects between COVID-19 vaccines and determine whether reactogenicity is exacerbated by prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS Participants were recruited across Ontario, Canada. Participant-reported demographic and COVID-19 vaccination data were collected using a questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess whether vaccine manufacturer, type, and previous SARS-CoV-2 infection are associated with reactogenicity. RESULTS Responses were obtained from n = 554 participants. Tiredness and localized side effects were the most common reactions across vaccine doses. For most participants, side effects occurred and subsided within 1-2 days. Recipients of Moderna mRNA and AstraZeneca vector vaccines reported reactions more frequently compared to recipients of a Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine. Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection was independently associated with developing side effects. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence of relatively mild and short-lived reactions reported by participants who have received approved COVID-19 vaccines.
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Characterizing Risk Factors for Hospitalization and Clinical Characteristics in a Cohort of COVID-19 Patients Enrolled in the GENCOV Study. Viruses 2023; 15:1764. [PMID: 37632107 PMCID: PMC10457914 DOI: 10.3390/v15081764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The GENCOV study aims to identify patient factors which affect COVID-19 severity and outcomes. Here, we aimed to evaluate patient characteristics, acute symptoms and their persistence, and associations with hospitalization. Participants were recruited at hospital sites across the Greater Toronto Area in Ontario, Canada. Patient-reported demographics, medical history, and COVID-19 symptoms and complications were collected through an intake survey. Regression analyses were performed to identify associations with outcomes including hospitalization and COVID-19 symptoms. In total, 966 responses were obtained from 1106 eligible participants (87% response rate) between November 2020 and May 2022. Increasing continuous age (aOR: 1.05 [95%CI: 1.01-1.08]) and BMI (aOR: 1.17 [95%CI: 1.10-1.24]), non-White/European ethnicity (aOR: 2.72 [95%CI: 1.22-6.05]), hypertension (aOR: 2.78 [95%CI: 1.22-6.34]), and infection by viral variants (aOR: 5.43 [95%CI: 1.45-20.34]) were identified as risk factors for hospitalization. Several symptoms including shortness of breath and fever were found to be more common among inpatients and tended to persist for longer durations following acute illness. Sex, age, ethnicity, BMI, vaccination status, viral strain, and underlying health conditions were associated with developing and having persistent symptoms. By improving our understanding of risk factors for severe COVID-19, our findings may guide COVID-19 patient management strategies by enabling more efficient clinical decision making.
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Public knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 serological and viral lineage laboratory testing and result interpretation: A GENCOV study cross-sectional survey. Clin Biochem 2023:110607. [PMID: 37406717 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2023.110607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Concepts related to SARS-CoV-2 laboratory testing and result interpretation can be challenging to understand. A cross-sectional survey of COVID-19 positive adults residing in Ontario, Canada was conducted to explore how well people understand SARS-CoV-2 laboratory tests and their associated results. DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were recruited through fliers or by prospective recruitment of outpatients and hospitalized inpatients with COVID-19. Enrolled participants included consenting adults with a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test result. An 11-item questionnaire was developed by researchers, nurses, and physicians in the study team and was administered online between April 2021 to May 2022 upon enrolment into the study. RESULTS Responses were obtained from 940 of 1106 eligible participants (85% participation rate). Most respondents understood 1) that antibody results should not influence adherence to social distancing measures (n=602/888, 68%), 2) asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection following test positivity (n=698/888, 79%), 3) serological test sensitivity in relation to post-infection timeline (n=540/891, 61%), and 4) limitations of experts' knowledge related to SARS-CoV-2 serology (n=693/887, 78%). Conversely, respondents demonstrated challenges understanding 1) conflicting molecular and serological test results and their relationship with immune protection (n=162/893, 18%) and 2) the impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on vaccine effectiveness (n=235/891, 26%). Analysis of responses stratified by sociodemographic variables identified that respondents who were either: 1) female, 2) more educated, 3) aged 18-44, 4) from a high-income household, or 5) healthcare workers responded expectedly more often. CONCLUSIONS We have highlighted concepts related to SARS-CoV-2 laboratory tests and associated results which may be challenging to understand. The findings of this study enable us to identify 1) misconceptions related to various SARS-CoV-2 test results, 2) groups of individuals at risk, and 3) strategies to improve people's understanding of their test results.
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Childhood-Onset Lupus Nephritis in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry: Short-Term Kidney Status and Variation in Care. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2023; 75:1553-1562. [PMID: 36775844 PMCID: PMC10500561 DOI: 10.1002/acr.25002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal was to characterize short-term kidney status and describe variation in early care utilization in a multicenter cohort of patients with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) and nephritis. METHODS We analyzed previously collected prospective data from North American patients with cSLE with kidney biopsy-proven nephritis enrolled in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry from March 2017 through December 2019. We determined the proportion of patients with abnormal kidney status at the most recent registry visit and applied generalized linear mixed models to identify associated factors. We also calculated frequency of medication use, both during induction and ever recorded. RESULTS We identified 222 patients with kidney biopsy-proven nephritis, with 64% class III/IV nephritis on initial biopsy. At the most recent registry visit at median (interquartile range) of 17 (8-29) months from initial kidney biopsy, 58 of 106 patients (55%) with available data had abnormal kidney status. This finding was associated with male sex (odds ratio [OR] 3.88, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.21-12.46) and age at cSLE diagnosis (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.01-1.49). Patients with class IV nephritis were more likely than class III to receive cyclophosphamide and rituximab during induction. There was substantial variation in mycophenolate, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab ever use patterns across rheumatology centers. CONCLUSION In this cohort with predominately class III/IV nephritis, male sex and older age at cSLE diagnosis were associated with abnormal short-term kidney status. We also observed substantial variation in contemporary medication use for pediatric lupus nephritis between pediatric rheumatology centers. Additional studies are needed to better understand the impact of this variation on long-term kidney outcomes.
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Adverse outcome following selective termination of presenting twin vs non-presenting twin. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2023; 61:705-709. [PMID: 37167535 DOI: 10.1002/uog.26170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Data are lacking on the impact on pregnancy outcome of the position of the abnormal fetus in a discordant twin pregnancy undergoing selective termination (ST). Tissue maceration post ST of the presenting twin may lead to early rupture of membranes, amnionitis and preterm labor. The aim of this study was to evaluate pregnancy complications and outcome following ST of the presenting vs non-presenting twin. METHODS This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies that underwent ST due to a discordant fetal anomaly (structural or genetic) between 2007 and 2021. The study population was divided into two groups according to the position of the reduced twin (presenting or non-presenting) and outcomes were studied accordingly. The primary outcome was a composite of early complications following ST, including infection, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes and pregnancy loss. RESULTS A total of 190 dichorionic twin pregnancies were included, of which 73 underwent ST of the presenting twin and 117 of the non-presenting twin. The groups did not differ in either baseline demographic characteristics or mean gestational age at the time of the procedure. ST of the presenting twin resulted in a significantly higher rate of early complications compared with the non-presenting twin (19.2% vs 7.7%; P = 0.018). Moreover, the rates of preterm delivery (75.3% vs 37.6%; P < 0.001) and neonatal intensive care unit admission (45.3% vs 17.1%; P < 0.001) were higher, and birth weight was lower (P < 0.001), in those pregnancies in which the presenting twin was reduced. CONCLUSIONS ST of the presenting twin resulted in a higher rate of adverse pregnancy outcome compared with that of the non-presenting twin. These findings should be acknowledged during patient counseling and, if legislation permits, taken into consideration when planning ST. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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High-Resolution T2-Weighted Imaging for Surveillance in Postoperative Vestibular Schwannoma: Equivalence with Contrast-Enhanced T1WI for Measurement and Surveillance of Residual Tumor. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:1792-1796. [PMID: 36423954 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patients with surgically resected vestibular schwannoma will undergo multiple postoperative surveillance examinations, typically including postcontrast sequences. The purpose of this study was to compare high-resolution T2WI with gadolinium T1WI in the postoperative assessment of vestibular schwannoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective study of patients with a history of resected vestibular schwannoma at a single institution. High-resolution T2WI and gadolinium T1WI were independently evaluated for residual disease. In addition, 3D and 2D measurements were performed in the group of patients with residual tumor. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the agreement between sequences on the binary assessment (presence/absence of tumor on initial postoperative examination) and to evaluate the equivalence of measurements for the 2 sequences on 3D and 2D quantitative assessment in individuals with residual disease. RESULTS One hundred forty-eight patients with retrosigmoid-approach resection of vestibular schwannomas were included in the final analysis. There was moderate-to-substantial agreement between the 2 sequences for the evaluation of the presence versus absence of tumor (Cohen κ coefficient = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.68-0.88). The 2 sequences were significantly equivalent for 2D and 3D quantitative assessments (short-axis P value = .021; long-axis P value = .015; 3D P value = .039). CONCLUSIONS In this retrospective study, we demonstrate moderate-to-substantial agreement in the categoric assessment for the presence versus absence of tumor and equivalence between the 2 sequences for both 2D and volumetric tumor measurements as performed in the subset of patients with measurable residual. On the basis of these results, high-resolution T2WI alone may be sufficient for early postoperative imaging surveillance in this patient population.
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Intraarticular steroids as DMARD-sparing agents for juvenile idiopathic arthritis flares: Analysis of the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2022; 20:107. [PMID: 36434731 PMCID: PMC9701017 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-022-00770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) who achieve a drug free remission often experience a flare of their disease requiring either intraarticular steroids (IAS) or systemic treatment with disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). IAS offer an opportunity to recapture disease control and avoid exposure to side effects from systemic immunosuppression. We examined a cohort of patients treated with IAS after drug free remission and report the probability of restarting systemic treatment within 12 months. METHODS We analyzed a cohort of patients from the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry who received IAS for a flare after a period of drug free remission. Historical factors and clinical characteristics and of the patients including data obtained at the time of treatment were analyzed. RESULTS We identified 46 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Of those with follow up data available 49% had restarted systemic treatment 6 months after IAS injection and 70% had restarted systemic treatment at 12 months. The proportion of patients with prior use of a biologic DMARD was the only factor that differed between patients who restarted systemic treatment those who did not, both at 6 months (79% vs 35%, p < 0.01) and 12 months (81% vs 33%, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION While IAS are an option for all patients who flare after drug free remission, it may not prevent the need to restart systemic treatment. Prior use of a biologic DMARD may predict lack of success for IAS. Those who previously received methotrexate only, on the other hand, are excellent candidates for IAS.
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POS0003 DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A DISEASE SPECIFIC PATIENT REPORTED OUTCOME FOR GIANT CELL ARTERITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.1769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundGiant cell arteritis (GCA) is caused by inflammation of the blood vessels of the head and neck; patients can present with cranial, ocular or large vessel vasculitis involvement. Treatment is with glucocorticoids, steroid sparing agents and biologics to control inflammation and protect sight.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to produce a validated disease specific PROM for patients with GCA, to capture the impact of GCA and its treatment on health-related quality of life.MethodsPatients with clinician- confirmed GCA from the UK, either diagnosed in the last three years or with a flare in the last year, were included in the survey. A longlist of 40 candidate questionnaire items, each with a 5-point Likert scale, had previously been developed, based on a qualitative study with patients from the UK and Australia [1]. In this cross-sectional survey, patients completed the 40-item draft GCA-PROM alongside EQ5D-5L, CAT-PRO5 and self-report of GCA disease activity. Rasch and factor analysis were used in an iterative manner to determine the underlying construct validity of the new PROM. Items were fitted to the Rasch model to determine its construct validity, reliability, unidimensionality and statistical sufficiency of the total score from the scale. Factor analysis was used to establishing factor structure. Item reduction decisions were be based on clinical importance, lack of fit to the Rasch model, and redundancy detected during principal component analysis. External validity was tested by comparing the scores of the newly validated GCA-PROM (i) in participants who self-identify as having ‘active disease’ versus patients ‘in remission’ (known groups validity) (ii) with scores derived from EQ5D-5L and CAT-PRO5 (convergent validity).ResultsThe survey included 428 patients; 327 (76%) cranial GCA, 114 (26.6%) large vessel vasculitis and 142 (33.2%) ocular involvement. 285 (67%) of participants were female with a mean age (SD) of 74.2 (7.2). 167 (39%) temporal artery biopsies and 177 (41.4%) temporal artery ultrasounds, and 51 (11.9%) Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography (PET-CT)s were reported as positive. 108 (25%) received second-line immunosuppressants, and 34 (7.9%) anti-IL6 therapy. Active disease was reported in 197 (46%). Four factors (domains) were identified after deletion of 10 redundant items: Acute symptoms (8 items), Activities of daily living (7 items), Psychological (7 items) and Participation (8 items). The four domains were analysed as ‘super-items’ and shown to fit the Rasch model. The overall scale had an adequate fit to the Rasch model: X2 = 25.219, DF=24, p=0.394 including reliability PSI=0.828. The raw-to-linear transformation scale was calibrated to enable parametric analyses if desired. Each domain was shown to have known-groups validity (p<0.001 patients reporting active versus inactive disease) and correlation with EQ5D-5L and CAT-PRO5 (Rs) ranging between 0.4.42 and 0.778.ConclusionThe GCA-PROM is a new patient reported outcome measure for patients with GCA which demonstrates good internal and external validity.References[1]Robson JC, Almeida C, Dawson J, Bromhead A, Dures E, Guly C, Hoon E, Mackie S, Ndosi M, Pauling J, Hill C. Patient perceptions of health-related quality of life in giant cell arteritis; international development of a disease-specific Patient-Reported Outcome Measure. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2021:keab076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keab076Disclosure of InterestsJoanna Robson Speakers bureau: Vifor Pharma EULAR 2021 Symposium, Consultant of: Vifor Pharma Advisory board 2021, Grant/research support from: Vifor Pharma Steroid PRO grant, Celia Almeida: None declared, Jill Dawson: None declared, Emma Dures: None declared, Rosemary Greenwood: None declared, Catherine Guly: None declared, Sarah Mackie Speakers bureau: Roche/Chugai Educational talk on GCA., Consultant of: Roche/ChugaiSanofiAbbvie (2021-)AstraZeneca (2021-), Grant/research support from: Vifor Pharma Steroid PRO 2020Vifor Pharma GTI Validation 2020Roche GCA Tocilizumab Registry 2019, Alison Bromhead: None declared, Steve Stern: None declared, Mwidimi Ndosi: None declared
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Social determinants of health influence disease activity and functional disability in Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2022; 20:18. [PMID: 35255941 PMCID: PMC8903717 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-022-00676-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social determinants of health (SDH) greatly influence outcomes during the first year of treatment in rheumatoid arthritis, a disease similar to polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (pJIA). We investigated the correlation of community poverty level and other SDH with the persistence of moderate to severe disease activity and functional disability over the first year of treatment in pJIA patients enrolled in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry. METHODS In this cohort study, unadjusted and adjusted generalized linear mixed effects models analyzed the effect of community poverty and other SDH on disease activity, using the clinical Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score-10, and disability, using the Child Health Assessment Questionnaire, measured at baseline, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS One thousand six hundred eighty-four patients were identified. High community poverty (≥20% living below the federal poverty level) was associated with increased odds of functional disability (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.28-2.60) but was not statistically significant after adjustment (aOR 1.23, 95% CI 0.81-1.86) and was not associated with increased disease activity. Non-white race/ethnicity was associated with higher disease activity (aOR 2.48, 95% CI: 1.41-4.36). Lower self-reported household income was associated with higher disease activity and persistent functional disability. Public insurance (aOR 1.56, 95% CI 1.06-2.29) and low family education (aOR 1.89, 95% CI 1.14-3.12) was associated with persistent functional disability. CONCLUSION High community poverty level was associated with persistent functional disability in unadjusted analysis but not with persistent moderate to high disease activity. Race/ethnicity and other SDH were associated with persistent disease activity and functional disability.
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eP294: Return of genome sequencing results in ostensibly healthy COVID-19 positive individuals: GENCOV Study Canada. Genet Med 2022. [PMCID: PMC8935071 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.01.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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eP325: Medically actionable DNA variation from the GENCOV COVID-19 Genome Sequencing Study. Genet Med 2022. [PMCID: PMC8935062 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.01.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Implementation of serological and molecular tools to inform COVID-19 patient management: protocol for the GENCOV prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e052842. [PMID: 34593505 PMCID: PMC8487020 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is considerable variability in symptoms and severity of COVID-19 among patients infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Linking host and virus genome sequence information to antibody response and biological information may identify patient or viral characteristics associated with poor and favourable outcomes. This study aims to (1) identify characteristics of the antibody response that result in maintained immune response and better outcomes, (2) determine the impact of genetic differences on infection severity and immune response, (3) determine the impact of viral lineage on antibody response and patient outcomes and (4) evaluate patient-reported outcomes of receiving host genome, antibody and viral lineage results. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A prospective, observational cohort study is being conducted among adult patients with COVID-19 in the Greater Toronto Area. Blood samples are collected at baseline (during infection) and 1, 6 and 12 months after diagnosis. Serial antibody titres, isotype, antigen target and viral neutralisation will be assessed. Clinical data will be collected from chart reviews and patient surveys. Host genomes and T-cell and B-cell receptors will be sequenced. Viral genomes will be sequenced to identify viral lineage. Regression models will be used to test associations between antibody response, physiological response, genetic markers and patient outcomes. Pathogenic genomic variants related to disease severity, or negative outcomes will be identified and genome wide association will be conducted. Immune repertoire diversity during infection will be correlated with severity of COVID-19 symptoms and human leucocyte antigen-type associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participants can learn their genome sequencing, antibody and viral sequencing results; patient-reported outcomes of receiving this information will be assessed through surveys and qualitative interviews. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study was approved by Clinical Trials Ontario Streamlined Ethics Review System (CTO Project ID: 3302) and the research ethics boards at participating hospitals. Study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and end-users.
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Universal chromosomal microarray analysis reveals high proportion of copy-number variants in low-risk pregnancies. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2021; 57:813-820. [PMID: 32202684 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the yield and utility of the routine use of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) for prenatal genetic diagnosis in a large cohort of pregnancies with normal ultrasound (US) at the time of genetic testing, compared with pregnancies with abnormal US findings. METHODS We reviewed all prenatal CMA results in our center between November 2013 and December 2018. The prevalence of different CMA results in pregnancies with normal US at the time of genetic testing ('low-risk pregnancies'), was compared with that in pregnancies with abnormal US findings ('high-risk pregnancies'). Medical records were searched in order to evaluate subsequent US follow-up and the outcome of pregnancies with a clinically relevant copy-number variant (CNV), i.e. a pathogenic or likely pathogenic CNV or a susceptibility locus for disease with > 10% penetrance, related to early-onset disease in the low-risk group. RESULTS In a cohort of 6431 low-risk pregnancies that underwent CMA, the prevalence of a clinically significant CNV related to early-onset disease was 1.1% (72/6431), which was significantly lower than the prevalence in high-risk pregnancies (4.9% (65/1326)). Of the low-risk pregnancies, 0.4% (27/6431) had a pathogenic or likely pathogenic CNV, and another 0.7% (45/6431) had a susceptibility locus with more than 10% penetrance. Follow-up of the low-risk pregnancies with a clinically significant early-onset CNV revealed that 31.9% (23/72) were terminated, while outcome data were missing in 26.4% (19/72). In 16.7% (12/72) of low-risk pregnancies, an US abnormality was discovered later on in gestation, after genetic testing had been performed. CONCLUSION Although the background risk of identifying a clinically significant early-onset abnormal CMA result in pregnancies with a low a-priori risk is lower than that observed in high-risk pregnancies, the risk is substantial and should be conveyed to all pregnant women. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Reply. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2021; 57:851. [PMID: 33939207 DOI: 10.1002/uog.23634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
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Biomarker Detektion im Speichel – Eine Pilotstudie. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Experimental 3D coherent diffractive imaging from photon-sparse random projections. IUCRJ 2019; 6:357-365. [PMID: 31098017 PMCID: PMC6503918 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252519002781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The routine atomic resolution structure determination of single particles is expected to have profound implications for probing structure-function relationships in systems ranging from energy-storage materials to biological molecules. Extremely bright ultrashort-pulse X-ray sources - X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) - provide X-rays that can be used to probe ensembles of nearly identical nanoscale particles. When combined with coherent diffractive imaging, these objects can be imaged; however, as the resolution of the images approaches the atomic scale, the measured data are increasingly difficult to obtain and, during an X-ray pulse, the number of photons incident on the 2D detector is much smaller than the number of pixels. This latter concern, the signal 'sparsity', materially impedes the application of the method. An experimental analog using a conventional X-ray source is demonstrated and yields signal levels comparable with those expected from single biomolecules illuminated by focused XFEL pulses. The analog experiment provides an invaluable cross check on the fidelity of the reconstructed data that is not available during XFEL experiments. Using these experimental data, it is established that a sparsity of order 1.3 × 10-3 photons per pixel per frame can be overcome, lending vital insight to the solution of the atomic resolution XFEL single-particle imaging problem by experimentally demonstrating 3D coherent diffractive imaging from photon-sparse random projections.
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New insights into the crystallization of polymorphic materials: from real-time serial crystallography to luminescence analysis. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00191c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article unravels reaction conditions governing the formation of polymorphic structures in solution down to the single particle level applying, for instance, unprecedented real-time serial crystallography measurements during a synthesis process.
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De novo protein structure determination by heavy-atom soaking in lipidic cubic phase and SIRAS phasing using serial synchrotron crystallography. IUCRJ 2018; 5:524-530. [PMID: 30224955 PMCID: PMC6126645 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252518009223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
During the past few years, serial crystallography methods have undergone continuous development and serial data collection has become well established at high-intensity synchrotron-radiation beamlines and XFEL radiation sources. However, the application of experimental phasing to serial crystallography data has remained a challenging task owing to the inherent inaccuracy of the diffraction data. Here, a particularly gentle method for incorporating heavy atoms into micrometre-sized crystals utilizing lipidic cubic phase (LCP) as a carrier medium is reported. Soaking in LCP prior to data collection offers a new, efficient and gentle approach for preparing heavy-atom-derivative crystals directly before diffraction data collection using serial crystallography methods. This approach supports effective phasing by utilizing a reasonably low number of diffraction patterns. Using synchrotron radiation and exploiting the anomalous scattering signal of mercury for single isomorphous replacement with anomalous scattering (SIRAS) phasing resulted in high-quality electron-density maps that were sufficient for building a complete structural model of proteinase K at 1.9 Å resolution using automatic model-building tools.
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Neurons derived from patients with bipolar disorder divide into intrinsically different sub-populations of neurons, predicting the patients' responsiveness to lithium. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:1453-1465. [PMID: 28242870 PMCID: PMC5573640 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a progressive psychiatric disorder with more than 3% prevalence worldwide. Affected individuals experience recurrent episodes of depression and mania, disrupting normal life and increasing the risk of suicide greatly. The complexity and genetic heterogeneity of psychiatric disorders have challenged the development of animal and cellular models. We recently reported that hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) neurons differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived fibroblasts of BD patients are electrophysiologically hyperexcitable. Here we used iPSCs derived from Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B-lymphocytes to verify that the hyperexcitability of DG-like neurons is reproduced in this different cohort of patients and cells. Lymphocytes are readily available for research with a large number of banked lines with associated patient clinical description. We used whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of over 460 neurons to characterize neurons derived from control individuals and BD patients. Extensive functional analysis showed that intrinsic cell parameters are very different between the two groups of BD neurons, those derived from lithium (Li)-responsive (LR) patients and those derived from Li-non-responsive (NR) patients, which led us to partition our BD neurons into two sub-populations of cells and suggested two different subdisorders. Training a Naïve Bayes classifier with the electrophysiological features of patients whose responses to Li are known allows for accurate classification with more than 92% success rate for a new patient whose response to Li is unknown. Despite their very different functional profiles, both populations of neurons share a large, fast after-hyperpolarization (AHP). We therefore suggest that the large, fast AHP is a key feature of BD and a main contributor to the fast, sustained spiking abilities of BD neurons. Confirming our previous report with fibroblast-derived DG neurons, chronic Li treatment reduced the hyperexcitability in the lymphoblast-derived LR group but not in the NR group, strengthening the validity and utility of this new human cellular model of BD.
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P1639Outcomes and costs of remote patient monitoring among patients with implanted cardiac defibrillators: an economic model based on the PREDICt RM database. Europace 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/eux158.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Parathyroid adenoma: a comprehensive biochemical and histological correlative study. Clin Otolaryngol 2016; 42:381-386. [DOI: 10.1111/coa.12761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4EMF Effects of Fibrinogen on Early Resuscitation of Polytrauma With Traumatic Brain Injury and Free Internal Hemorrhage. Ann Emerg Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2016.08.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Impaired "Arterialization" of the Venous Blood of the Hand in Raynaud's Disease and Acrocyanosis. Angiology 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/000331976101200809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Measurement of the centrality dependence of the charged-particle pseudorapidity distribution in proton-lead collisions at [Formula: see text] TeV with the ATLAS detector. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2016; 76:199. [PMID: 28260972 PMCID: PMC5312138 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4002-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The centrality dependence of the mean charged-particle multiplicity as a function of pseudorapidity is measured in approximately 1 [Formula: see text]b[Formula: see text] of proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Charged particles with absolute pseudorapidity less than 2.7 are reconstructed using the ATLAS pixel detector. The [Formula: see text] collision centrality is characterised by the total transverse energy measured in the Pb-going direction of the forward calorimeter. The charged-particle pseudorapidity distributions are found to vary strongly with centrality, with an increasing asymmetry between the proton-going and Pb-going directions as the collisions become more central. Three different estimations of the number of nucleons participating in the [Formula: see text] collision have been carried out using the Glauber model as well as two Glauber-Gribov inspired extensions to the Glauber model. Charged-particle multiplicities per participant pair are found to vary differently for these three models, highlighting the importance of including colour fluctuations in nucleon-nucleon collisions in the modelling of the initial state of [Formula: see text] collisions.
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Study of the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] decays with the ATLAS detector. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2016; 76:4. [PMID: 26770066 PMCID: PMC4710098 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3743-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The decays [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are studied with the ATLAS detector at the LHC using a dataset corresponding to integrated luminosities of 4.9 and 20.6 fb[Formula: see text] of pp collisions collected at centre-of-mass energies [Formula: see text] TeV and 8 TeV, respectively. Signal candidates are identified through [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] decays. With a two-dimensional likelihood fit involving the [Formula: see text] reconstructed invariant mass and an angle between the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] candidate momenta in the muon pair rest frame, the yields of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], and the transverse polarisation fraction in [Formula: see text] decay are measured. The transverse polarisation fraction is determined to be [Formula: see text], and the derived ratio of the branching fractions of the two modes is [Formula: see text], where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. Finally, a sample of [Formula: see text] decays is used to derive the ratios of branching fractions [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], where the third error corresponds to the uncertainty of the branching fraction of [Formula: see text] decay. The available theoretical predictions are generally consistent with the measurement.
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Measurements of the Higgs boson production and decay rates and coupling strengths using pp collision data at [Formula: see text] and 8 TeV in the ATLAS experiment. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2016; 76:6. [PMID: 26770068 PMCID: PMC4710133 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3769-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Combined analyses of the Higgs boson production and decay rates as well as its coupling strengths to vector bosons and fermions are presented. The combinations include the results of the analyses of the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] decay modes, and the constraints on the associated production with a pair of top quarks and on the off-shell coupling strengths of the Higgs boson. The results are based on the LHC proton-proton collision datasets, with integrated luminosities of up to 4.7 [Formula: see text] at [Formula: see text] TeV and 20.3 [Formula: see text] at [Formula: see text] TeV, recorded by the ATLAS detector in 2011 and 2012. Combining all production modes and decay channels, the measured signal yield, normalised to the Standard Model expectation, is [Formula: see text]. The observed Higgs boson production and decay rates are interpreted in a leading-order coupling framework, exploring a wide range of benchmark coupling models both with and without assumptions on the Higgs boson width and on the Standard Model particle content in loop processes. The data are found to be compatible with the Standard Model expectations for a Higgs boson at a mass of 125.36 GeV for all models considered.
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Search for new light gauge bosons in Higgs boson decays to four-lepton final states in ppcollisions at s=8 TeVwith the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.92.092001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Search for massive, long-lived particles using multitrack displaced vertices or displaced lepton pairs in ppcollisions at s=8 TeVwith the ATLAS detector. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.92.072004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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AN INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY-BASED APPROACH TO IMPLEMENTING THE 2014 ATRIAL FIBRILLATION GUIDELINES IN PRACTICE. Can J Cardiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2015.07.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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31
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Two-particle Bose-Einstein correlations in pp collisions at [Formula: see text] 0.9 and 7 TeV measured with the ATLAS detector. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2015; 75:466. [PMID: 26457062 PMCID: PMC4591911 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents studies of Bose-Einstein Correlations (BEC) for pairs of like-sign charged particles measured in the kinematic range [Formula: see text] 100 MeV and [Formula: see text] 2.5 in proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 0.9 and 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The integrated luminosities are approximately 7 [Formula: see text]b[Formula: see text], 190 [Formula: see text]b[Formula: see text] and 12.4 nb[Formula: see text] for 0.9 TeV, 7 TeV minimum-bias and 7 TeV high-multiplicity data samples, respectively. The multiplicity dependence of the BEC parameters characterizing the correlation strength and the correlation source size are investigated for charged-particle multiplicities of up to 240. A saturation effect in the multiplicity dependence of the correlation source size parameter is observed using the high-multiplicity 7 TeV data sample. The dependence of the BEC parameters on the average transverse momentum of the particle pair is also investigated.
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284 Survey of Barriers to Ebola Preparedness in Washington State Emergency Departments. Ann Emerg Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.07.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Search for Dark Matter in Events with Missing Transverse Momentum and a Higgs Boson Decaying to Two Photons in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=8 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:131801. [PMID: 26451544 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.131801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Results of a search for new phenomena in events with large missing transverse momentum and a Higgs boson decaying to two photons are reported. Data from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb^{-1} have been collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The observed data are well described by the expected standard model backgrounds. Upper limits on the cross section of events with large missing transverse momentum and a Higgs boson candidate are also placed. Exclusion limits are presented for models of physics beyond the standard model featuring dark-matter candidates.
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Search for Higgs boson pair production in the [Formula: see text] final state from pp collisions at [Formula: see text] TeVwith the ATLAS detector. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2015; 75:412. [PMID: 26380565 PMCID: PMC4564859 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3628-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A search for Higgs boson pair production [Formula: see text] is performed with 19.5 fb[Formula: see text] of proton-proton collision data at [Formula: see text] TeV, which were recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2012. The decay products of each Higgs boson are reconstructed as a high-momentum [Formula: see text] system with either a pair of small-radius jets or a single large-radius jet, the latter exploiting jet substructure techniques and associated b-tagged track-jets. No evidence for resonant or non-resonant Higgs boson pair production is observed. The data are interpreted in the context of the Randall-Sundrum model with a warped extra dimension as well as the two-Higgs-doublet model. An upper limit on the cross-section for [Formula: see text] of 3.2 (2.3) fb is set for a Kaluza-Klein graviton [Formula: see text] mass of 1.0 (1.5) TeV, at the 95 % confidence level. The search for non-resonant Standard Model hh production sets an observed 95 % confidence level upper limit on the production cross-section [Formula: see text] of 202 fb, compared to a Standard Model prediction of [Formula: see text] fb.
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C-38Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function: Evaluating the Validity of a Bi-Dimensional Structure for the Behavioral Regulation Index. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acv047.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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C-83Effectiveness of the D-KEFS Color-Word Interference Test as a Measure of Negative Response Bias. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acv047.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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37
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C-82Insensitivity of BRIEF-A Validity Scales Compared to MMPI-2 Validity Indicators. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acv047.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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38
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Measurements of the Total and Differential Higgs Boson Production Cross Sections Combining the H→γγ and H→ZZ^{*}→4ℓ Decay Channels at sqrt[s]=8 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:091801. [PMID: 26371640 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.091801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of the total and differential cross sections of Higgs boson production are performed using 20.3 fb^{-1} of pp collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s]=8 TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector. Cross sections are obtained from measured H→γγ and H→ZZ^{*}→4ℓ event yields, which are combined accounting for detector efficiencies, fiducial acceptances, and branching fractions. Differential cross sections are reported as a function of Higgs boson transverse momentum, Higgs boson rapidity, number of jets in the event, and transverse momentum of the leading jet. The total production cross section is determined to be σ_{pp→H}=33.0±5.3 (stat)±1.6 (syst) pb. The measurements are compared to state-of-the-art predictions.
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Search for heavy long-lived multi-charged particles in pp collisions at [Formula: see text] TeV using the ATLAS detector. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2015; 75:362. [PMID: 26300688 PMCID: PMC4537092 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3534-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A search for heavy long-lived multi-charged particles is performed using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Data collected in 2012 at [Formula: see text] TeV from pp collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb[Formula: see text]are examined. Particles producing anomalously high ionisation, consistent with long-lived massive particles with electric charges from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] are searched for. No signal candidate events are observed, and 95 % confidence level cross-section upper limits are interpreted as lower mass limits for a Drell-Yan production model. The mass limits range between 660 and 785 GeV.
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Search for the Standard Model Higgs boson produced in association with top quarks and decaying into [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] collisions at [Formula: see text] with the ATLAS detector. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2015; 75:349. [PMID: 26269691 PMCID: PMC4528305 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3543-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A search for the Standard Model Higgs boson produced in association with a top-quark pair, [Formula: see text], is presented. The analysis uses 20.3 fb-1 of pp collision data at [Formula: see text], collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider during 2012. The search is designed for the [Formula: see text] decay mode and uses events containing one or two electrons or muons. In order to improve the sensitivity of the search, events are categorised according to their jet and b-tagged jet multiplicities. A neural network is used to discriminate between signal and background events, the latter being dominated by [Formula: see text]+jets production. In the single-lepton channel, variables calculated using a matrix element method are included as inputs to the neural network to improve discrimination of the irreducible [Formula: see text] background. No significant excess of events above the background expectation is found and an observed (expected) limit of 3.4 (2.2) times the Standard Model cross section is obtained at 95 % confidence level. The ratio of the measured [Formula: see text] signal cross section to the Standard Model expectation is found to be [Formula: see text] assuming a Higgs boson mass of 125[Formula: see text].
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Search for invisible decays of the Higgs boson produced in association with a hadronically decaying vector boson in pp collisions at [Formula: see text] TeV with the ATLAS detector. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2015; 75:337. [PMID: 26213489 PMCID: PMC4509688 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3551-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A search for Higgs boson decays to invisible particles is performed using 20.3 [Formula: see text] of pp collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The process considered is Higgs boson production in association with a vector boson ([Formula: see text] or Z) that decays hadronically, resulting in events with two or more jets and large missing transverse momentum. No excess of candidates is observed in the data over the background expectation. The results are used to constrain VH production followed by H decaying to invisible particles for the Higgs boson mass range [Formula: see text] GeV. The 95 % confidence-level observed upper limit on [Formula: see text] varies from 1.6 pb at 115 GeV to 0.13 pb at 300 GeV. Assuming Standard Model production and including the [Formula: see text] contribution as signal, the results also lead to an observed upper limit of 78 % at 95 % confidence level on the branching ratio of Higgs bosons decays to invisible particles at a mass of 125 GeV.
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Constraints on the off-shell Higgs boson signal strength in the high-mass ZZ and WW final states with the ATLAS detector. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2015; 75:335. [PMID: 26213488 PMCID: PMC4509704 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3542-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of the ZZ and WW final states in the mass range above the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] thresholds provide a unique opportunity to measure the off-shell coupling strength of the Higgs boson. This paper presents constraints on the off-shell Higgs boson event yields normalised to the Standard Model prediction (signal strength) in the [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] final states. The result is based on pp collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb[Formula: see text] at a collision energy of [Formula: see text] TeV. Using the [Formula: see text] method, the observed 95 [Formula: see text] confidence level (CL) upper limit on the off-shell signal strength is in the range 5.1-8.6, with an expected range of 6.7-11.0. In each case the range is determined by varying the unknown [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] background K-factor from higher-order quantum chromodynamics corrections between half and twice the value of the known signal K-factor. Assuming the relevant Higgs boson couplings are independent of the energy scale of the Higgs boson production, a combination with the on-shell measurements yields an observed (expected) 95 [Formula: see text] CL upper limit on [Formula: see text] in the range 4.5-7.5 (6.5-11.2) using the same variations of the background K-factor. Assuming that the unknown [Formula: see text] background K-factor is equal to the signal K-factor, this translates into an observed (expected) 95 [Formula: see text] CL upper limit on the Higgs boson total width of 22.7 (33.0) MeV.
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Measurement of the top quark mass in the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] channels using [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] ATLAS data. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2015; 75:330. [PMID: 26213487 PMCID: PMC4509706 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Search for a Heavy Neutral Particle Decaying to eμ, eτ, or μτ in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=8 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:031801. [PMID: 26230783 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.031801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This Letter presents a search for a heavy neutral particle decaying into an opposite-sign different-flavor dilepton pair, e^{±}μ^{∓}, e^{±}τ^{∓}, or μ^{±}τ^{∓} using 20.3 fb^{-1} of pp collision data at sqrt[s]=8 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The numbers of observed candidate events are compatible with the standard model expectations. Limits are set on the cross section of new phenomena in two scenarios: the production of ν[over ˜]_{τ} in R-parity-violating supersymmetric models and the production of a lepton-flavor-violating Z^{'} vector boson.
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Evidence of Wγγ Production in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=8 TeV and Limits on Anomalous Quartic Gauge Couplings with the ATLAS Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:031802. [PMID: 26230784 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.031802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports evidence of triple gauge boson production pp→W(ℓν)γγ+X, which is accessible for the first time with the 8 TeV LHC data set. The fiducial cross section for this process is measured in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb^{-1}, collected by the ATLAS detector in 2012. Events are selected using the W boson decay to eν or μν as well as requiring two isolated photons. The measured cross section is used to set limits on anomalous quartic gauge couplings in the high diphoton mass region.
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Search for supersymmetry in events containing a same-flavour opposite-sign dilepton pair, jets, and large missing transverse momentum in [Formula: see text] TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2015; 75:318. [PMID: 26190940 PMCID: PMC4498693 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3518-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Two searches for supersymmetric particles in final states containing a same-flavour opposite-sign lepton pair, jets and large missing transverse momentum are presented. The proton-proton collision data used in these searches were collected at a centre-of-mass energy [Formula: see text] TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb[Formula: see text]. Two leptonic production mechanisms are considered: decays of squarks and gluinos with Z bosons in the final state, resulting in a peak in the dilepton invariant mass distribution around the Z-boson mass; and decays of neutralinos (e.g. [Formula: see text]), resulting in a kinematic endpoint in the dilepton invariant mass distribution. For the former, an excess of events above the expected Standard Model background is observed, with a significance of three standard deviations. In the latter case, the data are well-described by the expected Standard Model background. The results from each channel are interpreted in the context of several supersymmetric models involving the production of squarks and gluinos.
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Identification and energy calibration of hadronically decaying tau leptons with the ATLAS experiment in pp collisions at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2015; 75:303. [PMID: 26190938 PMCID: PMC4498687 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the trigger and offline reconstruction, identification and energy calibration algorithms for hadronic decays of tau leptons employed for the data collected from pp collisions in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC center-of-mass energy [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]. The performance of these algorithms is measured in most cases with [Formula: see text] decays to tau leptons using the full 2012 dataset, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb[Formula: see text]. An uncertainty on the offline reconstructed tau energy scale of 2-4 %, depending on transverse energy and pseudorapidity, is achieved using two independent methods. The offline tau identification efficiency is measured with a precision of 2.5 % for hadronically decaying tau leptons with one associated track, and of 4 % for the case of three associated tracks, inclusive in pseudorapidity and for a visible transverse energy greater than 20 [Formula: see text]. For hadronic tau lepton decays selected by offline algorithms, the tau trigger identification efficiency is measured with a precision of 2-8 %, depending on the transverse energy. The performance of the tau algorithms, both offline and at the trigger level, is found to be stable with respect to the number of concurrent proton-proton interactions and has supported a variety of physics results using hadronically decaying tau leptons at ATLAS.
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Search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at [Formula: see text]TeV with the ATLAS detector. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2015; 75:299. [PMID: 26190936 PMCID: PMC4498689 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3517-3 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3639-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Results of a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum are reported. The search uses 20.3 fb[Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] TeV data collected in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events are required to have at least one jet with [Formula: see text] GeV and no leptons. Nine signal regions are considered with increasing missing transverse momentum requirements between [Formula: see text] GeV and [Formula: see text] GeV. Good agreement is observed between the number of events in data and Standard Model expectations. The results are translated into exclusion limits on models with either large extra spatial dimensions, pair production of weakly interacting dark matter candidates, or production of very light gravitinos in a gauge-mediated supersymmetric model. In addition, limits on the production of an invisibly decaying Higgs-like boson leading to similar topologies in the final state are presented.
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Search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at [Formula: see text]TeV with the ATLAS detector. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2015; 75:299. [PMID: 26190936 PMCID: PMC4498689 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3517-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Results of a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum are reported. The search uses 20.3 fb[Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] TeV data collected in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events are required to have at least one jet with [Formula: see text] GeV and no leptons. Nine signal regions are considered with increasing missing transverse momentum requirements between [Formula: see text] GeV and [Formula: see text] GeV. Good agreement is observed between the number of events in data and Standard Model expectations. The results are translated into exclusion limits on models with either large extra spatial dimensions, pair production of weakly interacting dark matter candidates, or production of very light gravitinos in a gauge-mediated supersymmetric model. In addition, limits on the production of an invisibly decaying Higgs-like boson leading to similar topologies in the final state are presented.
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Search for a new resonance decaying to a W or Z boson and a Higgs boson in the [Formula: see text] final states with the ATLAS detector. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2015; 75:263. [PMID: 26097411 PMCID: PMC4469421 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3474-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A search for a new resonance decaying to a W or Z boson and a Higgs boson in the [Formula: see text] final states is performed using 20.3 fb[Formula: see text] of pp collision data recorded at [Formula: see text] 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The search is conducted by examining the WH / ZH invariant mass distribution for a localized excess. No significant deviation from the Standard Model background prediction is observed. The results are interpreted in terms of constraints on the Minimal Walking Technicolor model and on a simplified approach based on a phenomenological Lagrangian of Heavy Vector Triplets.
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