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Liu Y, Chu S, Xu Y, Chen X, Zhou H, Li J, Ren Y, Su X. Upcycling of Cr-Containing Sulfate Waste into Efficient FeCrO 3/Fe 2O 3 Catalysts for CO 2 Hydrogenation Reaction. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:1598. [PMID: 38612111 PMCID: PMC11012381 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Upcycling Cr-containing sulfate waste into catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation reaction benefits both pollution mitigation and economic sustainability. In this study, FeCrO3/Fe2O3 catalysts were successfully prepared by a simple hydrothermal method using Cr-containing sodium sulfate (Cr-SS) as a Cr source for efficient conversion and stable treatment of Cr. The removal rate of Cr in Cr-SS can reach 99.9% at the optimized hydrothermal conditions. When the synthesized catalysts were activated and used for the CO2 hydrogenation reaction, a 50% increase in CO2 conversion was achieved compared with the catalyst prepared by impregnation with a comparable amount of Cr. According to the extraction and risk assessment code (RAC) of the Reference Office of the European Community Bureau (BCR), the synthesized FeCrO3/Fe2O3 is risk-free. This work not only realizes the detoxification of the Cr-SS but transfers Cr into stable FeCrO3 for application in a catalytic field, which provides a strategy for the harmless disposal and resource utilization of Cr-containing hazardous waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shasha Chu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuebing Xu
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinlin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanjie Ren
- Xinjiang Qinghua Energy Group Co., Ltd., Yining County 835100, China
| | - Xintai Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Lan Y, Sun Y, Chu S, Yang B, Zhang L, Xiao L, Li J, Yuan X, Yan X, Galvita VV, Su X. Efficient removal and transformation of Cr(VI) from alkaline wastewater to form a ferrochromium spinel multiphase via a modified ferrite process. Chemosphere 2024; 351:141185. [PMID: 38215831 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Chromium-containing wastewater causes serious environmental pollution due to the harmfulness of Cr(VI). The ferrite process is typically used to treat chromium-containing wastewater and recycle the valuable chromium metal. However, the current ferrite process is unable to fully transform Cr(VI) into chromium ferrite under mild reaction conditions. This paper proposes a novel ferrite process to treat chromium-containing wastewater and recover valuable chromium metal. The process combines FeSO4 reduction and hydrothermal treatment to remove Cr(VI) and form chromium ferrite composites. The Cr(VI) concentration in the wastewater was reduced from 1040 mg L-1 to 0.035 mg L-1, and the Cr(VI) leaching toxicity of the precipitate was 0.21 mg L-1 under optimal hydrothermal conditions. The precipitate consisted of micron-sized ferrochromium spinel multiphase with polyhedral structure. The mechanism of Cr(VI) removal involved three steps: 1) partial oxidation of FeSO4 to Fe(III) hydroxide and oxy-hydroxide; 2) reduction of Cr(VI) by FeSO4 to Cr(III) and Fe(III) precipitates; 3) transformation and growth of the precipitates into chromium ferrite composites. This process meets the release standards of industrial wastewater and hazardous waste and can improve the efficiency of the ferrite process for toxic heavy metal removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Lan
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Yiwei Sun
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Shasha Chu
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Bo Yang
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Sichuan Yinhe Chemical Co., Ltd, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621000, PR China
| | - Jinlin Li
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaochao Yuan
- Sichuan Yinhe Chemical Co., Ltd, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621000, PR China
| | - Xin Yan
- Sichuan Yinhe Chemical Co., Ltd, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621000, PR China
| | - Vladimir V Galvita
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Xintai Su
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China.
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Mattke S, Jun H, Hanson M, Chu S, Kordower JH, Reiman EM. Health Economic Considerations in the Deployment of an Alzheimer's Prevention Therapy. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2024; 11:303-309. [PMID: 38374736 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2024.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As treatments for secondary prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are being studied, concerns about their value for money have appeared. We estimate cost-effectiveness of a hypothetical screening and prevention program. METHODS We use a Markov model to project cost-effectiveness of a treatment that reduces progression to symptomatic AD by 50% with either chronic treatment until progression to mild cognitive impairment or treatment for one year followed by monitoring with AD blood tests and retreatment with one dose in case of amyloid re-accumulation. Diagnoses would be made with an AD blood test with sensitivity and specificity of 80%, and inconclusive results in 20%. Individuals testing negative would be re-tested in five years and those with inconclusive results in one. RESULTS The program would generate per-person value of $53,721 from a payer (reduction of direct cost and patient QALY gains) and $69,861 from a societal perspective (adding valuation of reduced caregiver burden). With chronic treatment, it would be cost-effective up to annual drug prices of $7,000 and $10,300, respectively. Time-limited treatment would be cost-effective at annual drug prices of $54,257 and $78,458 from a payer and societal perspective, respectively. Higher specificity of the blood test would decrease cost per person with similar value generation DISCUSSION: A hypothetical prevention treatment for AD could be economically viable from a payer and societal perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mattke
- Soeren Mattke, M.D., D.Sc., Director, Center for Improving Chronic Illness Care, Research Professor of Economics, USC Dornsife, 635 Downey Way, #505N, Los Angeles, CA 90089, Mobile: +1 202 468 5797,
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Zhou Z, Liu T, Wu J, Li H, Chu S, Zhu X, Zhang L, Lu J, Ivanets A, Davronbek B, Ma K, Su X. Preparation of copper-based catalysts from electroplating sludge by ultrasound treatment and their antibiotic degradation performance. Environ Res 2023; 216:114567. [PMID: 36244441 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The recovery of heavy metals from electroplating sludge is important for alleviating heavy metal pollution and recycling metal resources. However, the selective recovery of metal resources is limited by the complexity of electroplating sludge. Herein, CuFe bimetallic Fenton-like catalysts were successfully prepared from electroplating sludge by a facile room-temperature ultrasonic-assisted co-precipitation method. The prepared CuFe-S mainly consisted of nanorods with diameters of 20-30 nm and lengths of 100-200 nm and a small number of irregular particles. Subsequently, we performed tetracycline (TC) degradation experiments, and the results showed that the product CuFe-S had very good performance over a wide pH range (2-11). At an initial pH = 2, CuFe-S could degrade 91.9% of 50 mg L-1 TC aqueous solution within 30 min, which is better than that of a single metal catalyst. Free radical scavenging experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) tests revealed that ·OH was the main active species for the degradation of TC by CuFe-S. In conclusion, a CuFe bimetallic Fenton-like catalyst was developed for the catalytic degradation of antibiotics, which provides a novel technical route for the resource utilization of electroplating sludge and shows an important practical application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Zhou
- Ministry Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China
| | - Tianbao Liu
- University and College Key Lab of Natural Product Chemistry and Application in Xinjiang, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Yili Normal University, Yining, 835000, China
| | - Jinxiong Wu
- University and College Key Lab of Natural Product Chemistry and Application in Xinjiang, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Yili Normal University, Yining, 835000, China
| | - Hongling Li
- Huizhou TCL Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Huizhou, Guangdong, 516000, PR China
| | - Shasha Chu
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaoquan Zhu
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Jing Lu
- Geologic Party No.216, CNNC, Urumqi, 830000, PR China
| | - Andrei Ivanets
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Surganova St., 9/1, 220072, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Bekchanov Davronbek
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan
| | - Kongjun Ma
- Ministry Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China.
| | - Xintai Su
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
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Kong D, Xie W, Wu J, Yan X, Ivanets A, Zhang L, Chu S, Yang B, Davronbek B, Su X. Superb Adsorption of Congo Red by Zn‐Cr Layered Bimetallic Hydroxides Prepared from Electroplated Sludge. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dehui Kong
- Key Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matters School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Yili Normal University Xinjiang, Yining 835000 China
- School of Environment and Energy Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education) Guangzhou South China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling Guangdong 510006 China
| | - Wenyu Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology Maoming Guangdong 525000 China
| | - Jinxiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matters School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Yili Normal University Xinjiang, Yining 835000 China
| | - Xiuling Yan
- Key Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matters School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences Yili Normal University Xinjiang, Yining 835000 China
| | - Andrei Ivanets
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus Surganova St., 9/1 220072 Minsk Belarus
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education) Guangzhou South China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling Guangdong 510006 China
| | - Shasha Chu
- School of Environment and Energy Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education) Guangzhou South China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling Guangdong 510006 China
| | - Bo Yang
- School of Environment and Energy Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education) Guangzhou South China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling Guangdong 510006 China
| | - Bekchanov Davronbek
- Department of Polymer Chemistry National University of Uzbekistan Tashkent 100174 Uzbekistan
| | - Xintai Su
- School of Environment and Energy Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education) Guangzhou South China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling Guangdong 510006 China
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Zhang J, Xie W, Chu S, Liu Z, Wu Z, Lan Y, Galvita VV, Zhang L, Su X. Sufficient extraction of Cr from chromium ore processing residue (COPR) by selective Mg removal. J Hazard Mater 2022; 440:129754. [PMID: 35985215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chromium ore processing residue (COPR) is a hazardous waste generated during the production of chromate. Currently, approximately 10% of Cr2O3 cannot be extracted after chromite sodium roasting and remains in COPR, wasting valuable Cr resources. In this study, Mg was selectively removed by using (NH4)2SO4 roasting in combination with H2SO4 leaching. The results showed that the selective removal of 79.55% Mg from COPR could be achieved under the optimum (NH4)2SO4 roasting conditions (80 mmol (NH4)2SO4, 800 °C, 2 h). During the subsequent sodium roasting and acid leaching stages, the Cr extraction rate was 84.63% for the COPR direct roasting and 95.39% for the Mg removal residue roasting. The increased Cr extraction efficiency is attributed to the transformation of Mg-rich spinel and diopside (the Mg & Cr coexisting phases) in COPR converted into easily extractable (Fe,Cr)2O3 and Cr2O3 after the Mg treatment. This study investigated that the phase transformation of the Cr host phases is crucial for the sufficient extraction of Cr and provides inspiration for the development of efficient and practical Cr extraction techniques. Moreover, the method can be extended to the effective extraction of Cr from other Cr-containing wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Wenyu Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Process and Control, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, PR China
| | - Shasha Chu
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Zhangbin Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Zhen Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Yingying Lan
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Vladimir V Galvita
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Xintai Su
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China.
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Ho SSK, Hon SSF, Hung E, Lee JFY, Mo F, Tong M, So C, Chu S, Ng DCK, Lam D, Cho C, Mak TWC, Ng SSM, Futaba K, Suen J, To KF, Chan AWH, Yeung WWK, Ma BBY. Prognostic implication of the neoadjuvant rectal score and other biomarkers of clinical outcome in Hong Kong Chinese patients with locally advanced rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Hong Kong Med J 2022; 28:230-238. [PMID: 35667869 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj208969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is a standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer, for which pathological complete response is typically used as a surrogate survival endpoint. Neoadjuvant rectal score is a new biomarker that has been shown to correlate with survival. The main objectives of this study were to investigate factors contributing to pathological complete response, to validate the prognostic significance of neoadjuvant rectal score, and to investigate factors associated with a lower neoadjuvant rectal score in a cohort of Hong Kong Chinese. METHODS Data of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy from August 2006 to October 2018 were retrieved from hospital records and retrospectively analysed. RESULTS Of 193 patients who had optimal response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery, tumour down-staging was the only independent prognostic factor that predicted pathological complete response (P<0.0001). Neoadjuvant rectal score was associated with overall survival (hazard ratio [HR]=1.042, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.021-1.064; P<0.0001), disease-free survival (HR=1.042, 95% CI=1.022-1.062; P<0.0001), locoregional recurrence-free survival (HR=1.070, 95% CI=1.039-1.102; P<0.0001) and distant recurrence-free survival (HR=1.034, 95% CI=1.012-1.056; P=0.002). Patients who had pathological complete response were associated with a lower neoadjuvant rectal score (P<0.0001), but pathological complete response was not associated with survival. For patients with intermediate neoadjuvant rectal scores, late recurrences beyond 72 months from diagnosis were observed. CONCLUSION Neoadjuvant rectal score is an independent prognostic marker of survival and disease recurrence in a cohort of Hong Kong Chinese patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S K Ho
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S S F Hon
- Department of Surgery, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - E Hung
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - J F Y Lee
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - F Mo
- State Key Laboratory in Translational Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Centre for Cancer, Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - M Tong
- State Key Laboratory in Translational Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Centre for Cancer, Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C So
- State Key Laboratory in Translational Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Centre for Cancer, Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S Chu
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - D C K Ng
- Department of Surgery, North District Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - D Lam
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C Cho
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - T W C Mak
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S S M Ng
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K Futaba
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - J Suen
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K F To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - A W H Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - B B Y Ma
- State Key Laboratory in Translational Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Centre for Cancer, Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Sciarratta C, Sserunga MN, Sekiziyivu A, Lubega I, Nakato WN, Twinomuhwezi E, Tumwine C, Wasswa CK, Doshi R, Chu S, Gidudu J. Using an AEFI Parent Diary Card Following Fractional-Dose Yellow Fever (fYF) Vaccination in Uganda; a Tool for Consideration for Future Clinical Trials in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Int J Infect Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.12.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Rolnik DL, Matheson A, Liu Y, Chu S, Mcgannon C, Mulcahy B, Malhotra A, Palmer KR, Hodges RJ, Mol BW. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on pregnancy duration and outcome in Melbourne, Australia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 58:677-687. [PMID: 34309931 DOI: 10.1002/uog.23743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of restriction measures implemented to mitigate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on pregnancy duration and outcome. METHODS A before-and-after study was conducted with cohort sampling in three maternity hospitals in Melbourne, Australia, including women who were pregnant when restriction measures were in place during the COVID-19 pandemic (estimated conception date between 1 November 2019 and 29 February 2020) and women who were pregnant before the restrictions (estimated conception date between 1 November 2018 and 28 February 2019). The primary outcome was delivery before 34 weeks' gestation or stillbirth. The main secondary outcome was a composite of adverse perinatal outcomes. Pregnancy outcomes were compared between women exposed to restriction measures and unexposed controls using the χ-square test and modified Poisson regression models, and duration of pregnancy was compared between the groups using survival analysis. RESULTS In total, 3150 women who were exposed to restriction measures during pregnancy and 3175 unexposed controls were included. Preterm birth before 34 weeks or stillbirth occurred in 95 (3.0%) exposed pregnancies and in 130 (4.1%) controls (risk ratio (RR), 0.74 (95% CI, 0.57-0.96); P = 0.021). Preterm birth before 34 weeks occurred in 2.4% of women in the exposed group and in 3.4% of women in the control group (RR, 0.71 (95% CI, 0.53-0.95); P = 0.022), without evidence of an increase in the rate of stillbirth in the exposed group (0.7% vs 0.9%; RR, 0.83 (95% CI, 0.48-1.44); P = 0.515). Competing-risks regression analysis showed that the effect of the restriction measures on spontaneous preterm birth was stronger and started earlier (subdistribution hazard ratio (HR), 0.81 (95% CI, 0.64-1.03); P = 0.087) than the effect on medically indicated preterm birth (subdistribution HR, 0.89 (95% CI, 0.70-1.12); P = 0.305). The effect was stronger in women with a previous preterm birth (RR, 0.42 (95% CI, 0.21-0.82); P = 0.008) than in parous women without a previous preterm birth (RR, 0.93 (95% CI, 0.63-1.38); P = 0.714) (P for interaction = 0.044). Composite adverse perinatal outcome was less frequent in the exposed group than in controls (all women: 2.1% vs 2.9%; RR, 0.73 (95% CI, 0.54-0.99); P = 0.042); women with a previous preterm birth: 4.5% vs 8.4%; RR, 0.54 (95% CI, 0.25-1.18); P = 0.116). CONCLUSIONS Restriction measures implemented to mitigate SARS-CoV-2 transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with a reduced rate of preterm birth before 34 weeks. This reduction was mainly due to a lower rate of spontaneous prematurity. The effect was more substantial in women with a previous preterm birth and was not associated with an increased stillbirth rate. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Rolnik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Matheson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Chu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Mcgannon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B Mulcahy
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Malhotra
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K R Palmer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R J Hodges
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B W Mol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women's and Newborn Program, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Aberdeen Centre for Women's Health Research, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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10
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Chu S, Aamar A, Hale S, Roxas A, Redfearn D. Letter in response to "Polypharmacy is a determinant of hospitalization in Parkinson's disease". Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:5887-5888. [PMID: 34661246 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202110_26864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Chu
- Guy's, King's, and St. Thomas' School of Medical Education, King's College London, UK.
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11
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Wei M, Feng S, Zhang L, Wang C, Chu S, Shi T, Zhou W, Zhang Y. Active Fraction Combination From Liuwei Dihuang Decoction Improves Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Neurogenic Microenvironment in Cranially Irradiated Mice. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:717719. [PMID: 34630096 PMCID: PMC8495126 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.717719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cranial radiotherapy is clinically used in the treatment of brain tumours; however, the consequent cognitive and emotional dysfunctions seriously impair the life quality of patients. LW-AFC, an active fraction combination extracted from classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription Liuwei Dihuang decoction, can improve cognitive and emotional dysfunctions in many animal models; however, the protective effect of LW-AFC on cranial irradiation–induced cognitive and emotional dysfunctions has not been reported. Recent studies indicate that impairment of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) and alterations of the neurogenic microenvironment in the hippocampus constitute critical factors in cognitive and emotional dysfunctions following cranial irradiation. Here, our research further investigated the potential protective effects and mechanisms of LW-AFC on cranial irradiation–induced cognitive and emotional dysfunctions in mice. Methods: LW-AFC (1.6 g/kg) was intragastrically administered to mice for 14 days before cranial irradiation (7 Gy γ-ray). AHN was examined by quantifying the number of proliferative neural stem cells and immature neurons in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus. The contextual fear conditioning test, open field test, and tail suspension test were used to assess cognitive and emotional functions in mice. To detect the change of the neurogenic microenvironment, colorimetry and multiplex bead analysis were performed to measure the level of oxidative stress, neurotrophic and growth factors, and inflammation in the hippocampus. Results: LW-AFC exerted beneficial effects on the contextual fear memory, anxiety behaviour, and depression behaviour in irradiated mice. Moreover, LW-AFC increased the number of proliferative neural stem cells and immature neurons in the dorsal hippocampus, displaying a regional specificity of neurogenic response. For the neurogenic microenvironment, LW-AFC significantly increased the contents of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, and catalase and decreased the content of malondialdehyde in the hippocampus of irradiated mice, accompanied by the increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, and interleukin-4 content. Together, LW-AFC improved cognitive and emotional dysfunctions, promoted AHN preferentially in the dorsal hippocampus, and ameliorated disturbance in the neurogenic microenvironment in irradiated mice. Conclusion: LW-AFC ameliorates cranial irradiation–induced cognitive and emotional dysfunctions, and the underlying mechanisms are mediated by promoting AHN in the dorsal hippocampus and improving the neurogenic microenvironment. LW-AFC might be a promising therapeutic agent to treat cognitive and emotional dysfunctions in patients receiving cranial radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiao Wei
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Shufang Feng
- Department of Poisoning and the Treatment, Affiliated Hospital to Academy of Military Medical Sciences (the 307 Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Shasha Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongxiang Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
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12
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Ramanathan D, Chu S, Prendes M, Carroll B. 654 Validated outcome measures and post-surgical scar assessment instruments in eyelid surgery: A systematic review. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Ho S, Hon S, Hung E, Mo F, So C, Tong M, Lee J, Chu S, Ng D, Lam D, Cho C, Mak T, Ng S, Suen J, Chan A, Yeung W, Ma B. 91P Prognostic biomarker of clinical outcome in locally advanced rectal cancer in Chinese patients. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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14
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Chu S, Cai Z, Wang M, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Weng W. Sinter-resistant Rh nanoparticles supported on γ-Al 2O 3 nanosheets as an efficient catalyst for dry reforming of methane. Nanoscale 2020; 12:20922-20932. [PMID: 33090164 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04644b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
γ-Al2O3 nanosheet supported rhodium catalysts with Rh loadings between 0.05 and 2 wt% were prepared by the impregnation method and used for dry reforming of methane (DRM). It was found that Rh species on γ-Al2O3 nanosheets demonstrated excellent stability against sintering at high temperature. After calcining in air at 800 °C followed by reducing with hydrogen at 600 °C, the average particle size of Rh at maximum distribution increases from 1.0 ± 0.3 to 1.8 ± 0.3 nm with an increase in Rh loadings in the catalysts from 0.05 to 2 wt%. Even after reducing with hydrogen at 900 °C, the average size of Rh particles in the catalysts still remained below 2 nm. The results of catalytic performance evaluation show that CH4 and CO2 conversions of 84% and 90%, respectively, with a H2/CO ratio in syngas close to unity can be achieved with a catalyst of Rh loading of only 0.05 wt% at 750 °C. The performance of the catalyst remains stable for more than 200 h. No significant aggregation of the Rh particles is observed on the catalyst after the reaction. The results of XPS, H2-TPR and O2-TPD characterization methods indicate that the strong interaction between Rh and the γ-Al2O3 nanosheets plays a key role in increasing the dispersion of Rh species in the catalyst and preventing it from sintering under high temperature conditions. This factor is also responsible for the superior activity and stability of the catalyst with extremely low Rh loading for the DRM reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Zhengmiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Mingzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Yanping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Yongke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Zhaohui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Weizheng Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
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15
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Conic RRZ, Chu S, Tamashunas NL, Damiani G, Bergfeld W. Prevalence of cardiac and metabolic diseases among patients with alopecia areata. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 35:e128-e129. [PMID: 32780884 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R R Z Conic
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - S Chu
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - N L Tamashunas
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - G Damiani
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Centro Studi GISED, Young Dermatologists Italian Network, Bergamo, Italy.,Clinical Dermatology, IRCCS Instituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - W Bergfeld
- Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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16
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Salem I, Schrom K, Chu S, Retuerto M, Richardson B, Margvicius S, Cameron M, Ghannoum M, McCormick T, Cooper K. 362 Psoriatic fungal and bacterial microbiomes identify patient endotypes. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Chu S, Damiani G, Richardson B, Gao X, Cameron M, McCormick T, Cooper K. 010 Correlation of psoriasis severity with burden of disease cost in psoriatic patients. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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He S, Yang C, Niu M, Wei D, Chu S, Zhong M, Wang J, Xintai S, Wang L. Corrigendum to “Coordination adsorption of Ag(I) on cobalt-ferrous oxalates and their derived Ag/CoFe2O4 for catalytic hydrogenation reactions” [Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 583 (2019) 124007]. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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19
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He S, Yang C, Niu M, Wei D, Chu S, Zhong M, Wang J, Su X, Wang L. Coordination adsorption of Ag(I) on cobalt-ferrous oxalates and their derived Ag/CoFe2O4 for catalytic hydrogenation reactions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Lam G, Tong M, Lee J, Chu S, Ng D, Lam D, Cho C, Hung E, Li L, Ho W, Hui E, Chan A, Hon S, Mak T, Ng S, Suen J, Mo F, Ma B. A multicenter phase II study of neoadjuvant FOLFOXIRI followed by concurrent capecitabine and radiotherapy for high risk rectal cancer: A final report. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz421.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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21
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Simon JN, Vrellaku B, Monterisi S, Chu S, Rawlings N, Lomas O, Marchal GA, Waithe D, Gajendragadkar P, Jayaram R, Channon K, Swietach P, Zaccolo M, Eaton P, Casadei B. 2161Redox-mediated PKA-RIalpha localisation to the lysosome inhibits myocardial calcium release and robustly reduces myocardial injury. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Kinase oxidation is a critical signalling mechanism through which changes in the intracellular redox state alter cardiac function. In the myocardium, type-1 protein kinase A (PKARIα) can be reversibly oxidised, forming interprotein disulphide bonds within the holoenzyme complex. However, the effect of PKARIα oxidation on downstream signalling in the heart, particularly under states of oxidative stress, remains unexplored.
Purpose
To determine the direct functional consequences of PKARIα oxidation in the heart and investigate their impact on ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.
Methods and results
Experiments using the AKAR3ev FRET biosensor in murine left ventricular (LV) myocytes and Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP) of GFP-tagged wild-type (WT) and mutant RIα proteins expressed in RIα-null fibroblasts showed that PKARIα oxidation does not increase the kinases' catalytic activity, but enhances its binding to A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAP; n=30–39/N=3, p<0.01). Super-resolution microscopy revealed localisation of oxidised PKARIα to lysosomes in WT myocytes, which was completely absent in “redox dead” Cys17Ser PKARIα knock-in mice (KI; panel A; n=38–41/N=3, p<0.01) and reduced when AKAP binding was prevented using the RIAD disruptor peptide (30.6±5.1% reduction; n=35–37/N=3, p<0.01).
Displacement of PKARIα from lysosomes resulted in spontaneous sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release and dramatic calcium oscillations in KI LV myocytes (panel B), which were preventable by ryanodine receptor blockade (1 mM tetracaine; n=14, p<0.01), acute depletion of endolysosomal calcium stores (100 nM bafilomycin; n=7; p<0.01), or lysosomal two-pore channel inhibition (5 μM Ned-19; n=9; p<0.05).
I/R (secondary to cardiopulmonary bypass) was found to induce PKARIα oxidation in the myocardium of patients undergoing cardiac surgery (panel C; n=18, p<0.05). Absence of this response in KI mouse hearts resulted in 2-fold larger infarcts (p<0.01) and a concomitant reduction in LV contractile recovery (final LVDP of 55.9±8.6 vs 82.5±7.1 mmHg in WT; n=7–8, p<0.05), both which were prevented by addition of Ned-19 at the time of reperfusion (panel D; n=4, p<0.01).
Conclusions
Oxidised PKARIα acts as a potent inhibitor of intracellular calcium release in the heart through its redox-dependent interaction with the lysosome. In the setting of I/R, where PKARIα oxidation is induced, this regulatory mechanism is critical for protecting the heart from injury and offers a novel target for the design of cardioprotective therapeutics.
Acknowledgement/Funding
British Heart Foundation CH/12/3/29609, RG/16/12/32451; Garfield-Weston Foundation MPS/IVIMS-11/12-4032; Wellcome Trust Fellowship 0998981Z/12/Z
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Simon
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - B Vrellaku
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - S Monterisi
- University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - S Chu
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - N Rawlings
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - O Lomas
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - G A Marchal
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - D Waithe
- University of Oxford, Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Gajendragadkar
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - R Jayaram
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - K Channon
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Swietach
- University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Zaccolo
- University of Oxford, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Eaton
- King's College London, Cardiovascular Division, The Rayne Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - B Casadei
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
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22
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Pathmarajah T, Chu S, Sieunarine K. A rare case of Listeria monocytogenes causing mycotic aneurysm of the common femoral artery: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2019; 61:238-241. [PMID: 31382235 PMCID: PMC6698314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2019.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppressed patients may not display typical clinical or biochemical features associated with mycotic aneurysms. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for infective aetiology when treating aneurysmal disease in immunocompromised patients. It is important to obtain intraoperative tissue samples for histopathology and microbiological assessment in immunocompromised patients for detection of rare pathogens. Autogenous vein should be used in infected surgical fields to avoid the risk of prosthetic graft infection.
Introduction Mycotic aneurysms are an uncommon occurrence, withStaphylococcus and Salmonella species found to be the causative pathogen in up to 95% of cases. We believe this is the first described case of a common femoral artery mycotic aneurysm due to Listeria monocytogenes. Presentation of case A 66-year-old male presented with a two-month history of an increasing painful mass in his left groin, on the background of immunosuppression treatment for ankylosing spondylitis. He was afebrile on assessment, with a normal white cell count. Contrast enhanced CT scan showed a common femoral artery aneurysm, with no infective features. His aneurysm was excised and repaired with a Dacron tube graft. L. monocytogenes was cultured from the aneurysm tissue, and he was commenced on appropriate antibiotic treatment. The prosthetic graft was also replaced with a venous bypass of the aneurysm. Discussion L. monocytogenes is a rare cause of mycotic aneurysm with less than 40 cases reported in the literature. Immunosuppression is a recognised risk factor for Listerial infections. Immunocompromised patients may not display typical clinical or biochemical features associated with a mycotic aneurysm. Prosthetic graft infections are associated with significant mortality, with excision of the prosthetic material and venous reconstruction associated with good outcomes for eradicating infection. Conclusion This report highlights the importance of obtaining intraoperative tissue samples for microbiological and histopathological assessment in immunocompromised patients. This is important for the detection of rare organisms such as L.monocytogenes, requiring targeted antibiotic therapy. Inappropriate treatment of Listerial infections can result in serious invasive illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Pathmarajah
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia.
| | - S Chu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - K Sieunarine
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
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23
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Ireland JL, Sebalo I, McNeill K, Murphy K, Brewer G, Ireland CA, Chu S, Lewis M, Greenwood L, Nally T. Impacting on factors promoting intra-group aggression in secure psychiatric settings. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01400. [PMID: 30976684 PMCID: PMC6439227 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Three preliminary and linked studies investigate the impact of making alterations to factors considered relevant to engaging in and experiencing intra-group aggression (bullying) among adult male patients detained in a single secure forensic hospital. Study one (n = 44) outlines the institutional factors, attitudes towards bullying and environmental factors that increase the likelihood of engaging in bullying and/or being victimised. Study two (n = 53 patients and 167 staff) assesses the effect of three variations of intervention that aimed to reduce intra-group aggression through direct alteration of the physical and psychosocial environment, using data from both patients and staff. Study three (n = 414) looks at the effects of two variations of the intervention used in study two, which offered patients’ participation in individual and communal activities. It was predicted that changes to the physical and social environment would produce a reduction in the factors shown to predict intra-group aggression. Attitudes supportive of bullying and the presence of social hierarchies each increased the likelihood of engaging in bullying. Indirect changes to the social environment on the wards had more positive effects than those incorporating direct alterations to the physical and social environment. The differences in effectiveness of the two approaches are discussed in relation to the established predictors of intra-group aggression. The research concludes by noting the preliminary nature of the research and outlining potential directions for future research and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Ireland
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - I Sebalo
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - K McNeill
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - K Murphy
- Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - G Brewer
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,University of Liverpool, UK
| | - C A Ireland
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - S Chu
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - M Lewis
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - L Greenwood
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
| | - T Nally
- University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Ashworth Research Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, UK
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24
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Yang Y, Chu S, Shang S, Yang Z, Wang C. Short communication: Genotyping and single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of bovine leukemia virus in Chinese dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:3469-3473. [PMID: 30712932 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) causes enzootic leucosis in cattle and is classified into 10 genotypes with a worldwide distribution, except for several European countries, Australia, and New Zealand. Although BLV is widespread in Chinese cows with the positive rate of 49.1% at the individual level, very little is known about the BLV genotype in dairy cattle in China. To determine BLV genetic variability in cows in China, 112 BLV-positive samples from 5 cities in China were used for BLV molecular characterization in this study. Phylogenetic analysis using the neighbor-joining method on partial env sequence encoding gp51 obtained from 5 Chinese cities and those available in GenBank (n = 53, representing BLV genotype 1-10) revealed the Chinese strains belonged to genotype 6. Seven unique SNP were identified among Yancheng, Shanghai, and Bengbu strains out of the total 12 SNP identified in Chinese strains. The genotyping coupled with SNP analysis of BLV can serve as a useful molecular epidemiological tool for tracing the source of pathogens. This study highlights the importance of genetic analysis of geographically diverse BLV strains to understand BLV global genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; International Corporation Laboratory of Agriculture and Agricultural Products Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - S Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - S Shang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; International Corporation Laboratory of Agriculture and Agricultural Products Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Z Yang
- International Corporation Laboratory of Agriculture and Agricultural Products Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
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25
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Chu S, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Sun W, Zhu Q, Liu S, Chen C, Zhang Z, Huang B, Jiang F, Zhang J. Cesarean section and risks of overweight and obesity in school-aged children: a population-based study. QJM 2018; 111:859-865. [PMID: 30184122 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcy195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity puts a great health burden in the world. Previous studies suggest that caesarean section (CS) may increase the risk of obesity in children, but it is still uncertain whether this association is causal or due to residual confounding by medical indication. AIM To assess the association between CS, CS without medical indications in particular and the risk of overweight and obesity in school-aged children. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. METHODS The 2014 Shanghai Child Health, Education and Lifestyle Evaluation was a large population-based survey with cluster random probability sampling in 26 primary schools in Shanghai, China, in 2014. The mode of delivery was reported by parents. The height, weight and waist circumference of the children were measured. Logistic regression models with SURVEYLOGISTIC procedure were used to estimate the risk of childhood obesity. Pupils delivered vaginally were served as the reference group. RESULTS A total of 17 571 pupils completed this survey, and 13 724 of them who were singleton, born term and between 5 and 13 years old were included in our analysis. CS was associated with increased risks of overweight and obesity (BMI: adjusted OR = 1.28 [95%CI 1.13-1.45] and 1.44 [1.26-1.66], respectively; weight for height ratio [WHtR] >0.46: 1.33 [1.20-1.48]). Similar results were found in CS without medical indication (BMI: overweight = 1.24 [1.05-1.47], obesity = 1.43 [1.19-1.72]; WHtR > 0.46: 1.30 [1.13-1.50]). CONCLUSIONS CS overall and CS without medical indications were associated with increased risks of overweight and obesity in primary school children.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chu
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Child Health Advocacy Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - W Sun
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Q Zhu
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Liu
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - C Chen
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - B Huang
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - F Jiang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Zhang
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
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Chu S, Li C. 145 Utilizing qSOFA Score as a Prognosis Predictor of Patients With Influenza Infection in the Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.08.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Valand HA, Chu S, Bhala R, Foley R, Hirsch JA, Tu RK. Comparison of Advanced Imaging Resources, Radiology Workforce, and Payment Methodologies between the United States and Canada. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:1785-1790. [PMID: 30166430 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this Practice Perspectives was to review the United States and Canadian approaches to health care access and payment for advanced imaging. The historical background, governmental role, workforce, coding, payment, radiologic challenges, cost, resource intensity, and overall outcomes in longevity are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Valand
- From the American University of Integrative Sciences (H.A.V.), Brampton, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Chu
- Vancouver Coastal Health Authority (S.C.), Washington State Radiological Society, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R Bhala
- American Society of Neuroradiology (R.B.), Oak Brook, Illinois
| | - R Foley
- Ontario Association of Radiologists (R.F.), Oakville, Ontario, Canada
| | - J A Hirsch
- Massachusetts General Hospital (J.A.H.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - R K Tu
- Progressive Radiology (R.K.T.), George Washington University, United Medical Center, Falls Church, Virginia.
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Chu S, Xia YL, Zhou J, Jiang J, Sheng QH, Ding YS. 194Baseline echocardiography-indicated impaired atrial function predicts reoccurrence and thromboembolic risks after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Chu
- Peking University First Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Beijing, China People's Republic of
| | - Y L Xia
- Peking University First Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Beijing, China People's Republic of
| | - J Zhou
- Peking University First Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Beijing, China People's Republic of
| | - J Jiang
- Peking University First Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Beijing, China People's Republic of
| | - Q H Sheng
- Peking University First Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Beijing, China People's Republic of
| | - Y S Ding
- Peking University First Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Beijing, China People's Republic of
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Solon AP, Bunin G, Chu S, Kardar M. Optimal paths on the road network as directed polymers. Phys Rev E 2018; 96:050301. [PMID: 29347789 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.050301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We analyze the statistics of the shortest and fastest paths on the road network between randomly sampled end points. We find that, to a good approximation, the optimal paths can be described as directed polymers in a disordered medium, which belong to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class of interface roughening. Comparing the scaling behavior of our data with simulations of directed polymers and previous theoretical results, we are able to point out the few characteristics of the road network that are relevant to the large-scale statistics of optimal paths. Indeed, we show that the local structure is akin to a disordered environment with a power-law distribution which become less important at large scales where long-ranged correlations in the network control the scaling behavior of the optimal paths.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Solon
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Bunin
- Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - S Chu
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Kardar
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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30
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Koh Y, Chu S, Shaw J, Walker R. Close Versus Distant Administration of Erythropoietin and Acute Coronary Syndrome Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Patients on Dialysis. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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31
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Geller M, Bendzick L, Ryan C, Chu S, Lenvik A, Skubitz A, Boylan K, Isaksson Vogel R, Miller J, Felices M. Combination therapy with IL-15 superagonist (ALT-803) and PD-1 blockade enhances human NK cell immunotherapy against ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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32
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Lee S, Lee J, Lee J, Chu S, Cha S, Park H. Cell protectant of clinical grade for cell delivery without cryopreservation. Cytotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.02.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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33
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Hemida MG, Chu DKW, Perera RAPM, Ko RLW, So RTY, Ng BCY, Chan SMS, Chu S, Alnaeem AA, Alhammadi MA, Webby RJ, Poon LLM, Balasuriya UBR, Peiris M. Coronavirus infections in horses in Saudi Arabia and Oman. Transbound Emerg Dis 2017; 64:2093-2103. [PMID: 28296228 PMCID: PMC7169745 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Equine coronaviruses (ECoV) are the only coronavirus known to infect horses. So far, data on ECoV infection in horses remain limited to the USA, France and Japan and its geographic distribution is not well understood. We carried out RT‐PCR on 306 nasal and 315 rectal swabs and tested 243 sera for antibodies to detect coronavirus infections in apparently healthy horses in Saudi Arabia and Oman. We document evidence of infection with ECoV and HKU23 coronavirus by RT‐PCR. There was no conclusive evidence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in horses. Serological data suggest that lineage A betacoronavirus infections are commonly infecting horses in Saudi Arabia and Oman but antibody cross‐reactivities between these viruses do not permit us to use serological data alone to identify which coronaviruses are causing these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Hemida
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Virology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kaferelsheik University, Kaferelsheik, Egypt
| | - D K W Chu
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - R A P M Perera
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - R L W Ko
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - R T Y So
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - B C Y Ng
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - S M S Chan
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - S Chu
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - A A Alnaeem
- Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Alhammadi
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia
| | - R J Webby
- Division of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - L L M Poon
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - U B R Balasuriya
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - M Peiris
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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34
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Chen E, Chu S, Gov L, Kim Y, Lodoen M, Tenner A, Liu W. CD200 modulates macrophage cytokine secretion and phagocytosis in response to poly(lactic co-glycolic acid) microparticles and films. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:1574-1584. [PMID: 28736613 PMCID: PMC5515357 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02269c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatibility is a major concern for developing biomaterials used in medical devices, tissue engineering and drug delivery. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is one of the most widely used biodegradable materials, yet still triggers a significant foreign body response that impairs healing. Immune cells including macrophages respond to the implanted biomaterial and mediate the host response, which can eventually lead to device failure. Previously in our laboratory, we found that CD200, an immunomodulatory protein, suppressed macrophage inflammatory activation in vitro and reduced local immune cell infiltration around a biomaterial implant. While in our initial study we used polystyrene as a model material, here we investigate the effect of CD200 on PLGA, a commonly used biomaterial with many potential clinical applications. We fabricated PLGA with varied geometries, modified their surfaces with CD200, and examined macrophage cytokine secretion and phagocytosis. We found that CD200 suppressed secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and enhanced secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, suggesting a role for CD200 in promoting wound healing and tissue remodeling. In addition, we found that CD200 increased phagocytosis in both murine macrophages and human monocytes. Together, these data suggest that modification with CD200 leads to a response that simultaneously prevents inflammation and enhances phagocytosis. This immunomodulatory feature may be used as a strategy to mitigate inflammation or deliver drugs or anti-inflammatory agents targeting macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- E.Y. Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine
- The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine
| | - S. Chu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine
| | - L. Gov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine
| | - Y.K. Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine
- The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine
| | - M.B. Lodoen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine
| | - A.J. Tenner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine
| | - W.F. Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine
- The Edwards Lifesciences Center for Advanced Cardiovascular Technology, University of California, Irvine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine
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35
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Felices M, Chu S, Kodal B, Bendzick L, Ryan C, Lenvik AJ, Boylan KLM, Wong HC, Skubitz APN, Miller JS, Geller MA. IL-15 super-agonist (ALT-803) enhances natural killer (NK) cell function against ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2017; 145:453-461. [PMID: 28236454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Natural killer (NK) cells represent a powerful immunotherapeutic target as they lyse tumors directly, do not require differentiation, and can elicit potent inflammatory responses. The objective of these studies was to use an IL-15 super-agonist complex, ALT-803 (Altor BioScience Corporation), to enhance the function of both normal and ovarian cancer patient derived NK cells by increasing cytotoxicity and cytokine production. METHODS NK cell function from normal donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and ovarian cancer patient ascites was assessed using flow cytometry and chromium release assays ±ALT-803 stimulation. To evaluate the ability of ALT-803 to enhance NK cell function in vivo against ovarian cancer, we used a MA148-luc ovarian cancer NOD scid gamma (NSG) xenogeneic mouse model with transferred human NK cells. RESULTS ALT-803 potently enhanced functionality of NK cells against all ovarian cancer cell lines with significant increases seen in CD107a, IFNγ and TNFα expression depending on target cell line. Function was also rescued in NK cells derived from ovarian cancer patient ascites. Finally, only animals treated with intraperitoneal ALT-803 displayed an NK dependent significant decrease in tumor. CONCLUSIONS ALT-803 enhances NK cell cytotoxicity against ovarian cancer in vitro and in vivo and is able to rescue functionality of NK cells derived from ovarian cancer patient ascites. These findings suggest that ALT-803 has the potential to enhance NK cell-based immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Felices
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
| | - S Chu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - B Kodal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - L Bendzick
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - C Ryan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - A J Lenvik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - K L M Boylan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - H C Wong
- Altor BioScience Corporation, Miramar, FL, United States
| | - A P N Skubitz
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - J S Miller
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - M A Geller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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Fuller P, Leung D, Chu S. Genetics and genomics of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors. Clin Genet 2017; 91:285-291. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P.J. Fuller
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism; Hudson Institute of Medical Research; Clayton Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science; Monash University; Clayton Australia
| | - D. Leung
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism; Hudson Institute of Medical Research; Clayton Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science; Monash University; Clayton Australia
| | - S. Chu
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism; Hudson Institute of Medical Research; Clayton Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science; Monash University; Clayton Australia
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37
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Yeung WW, Ma BB, Lee JF, Ng SS, Cheung MH, Ho WM, Tsang MW, Chu S, Lam DC, Mo FK. Clinical outcome of neoadjuvant chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer at a tertiary hospital. Hong Kong Med J 2016; 22:546-55. [PMID: 27795447 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj154788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review the clinical outcome of locally advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by definitive surgery with or without adjuvant chemotherapy and to elucidate the prognostic factors for treatment outcome. METHODS This historical cohort study was conducted at a tertiary public hospital in Hong Kong. All patients who had undergone neoadjuvant chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer in our department from November 2005 to October 2014 were recruited. Local recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival of patients were documented. RESULTS A total of 135 patients who had received neoadjuvant chemoradiation during the study period were reviewed. There were 130 patients who had completed neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery. The median follow-up time was 35.1 months. The 3- and 5-year local recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival, as well as overall survival rates were 91.8% and 86.7%, 73.9% and 72.1%, 70.1% and 64.6%, as well as 86.5% and 68.4%, respectively. The rate of pathological complete response was 13.8%. The T and N downstaging rate was 49.2% and 63.1%, respectively. The rate of conversion from threatened circumferential resection margin to clearance of margin was 90.6%. Of the 42 cases that were initially deemed to require abdominal perineal resection, 15 (35.7%) were converted to sphincter-sparing surgery. CONCLUSIONS The treatment outcome of neoadjuvant chemoradiation for locally advanced rectal cancer was comparable with overseas data in terms of local control rate and overall survival. This strategy may increase the chance of achieving a clear surgical margin by downstaging the tumour, especially in patients who presented with threatened circumferential margin.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wk Yeung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - B By Ma
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J Fy Lee
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - S Sm Ng
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - M Hy Cheung
- Department of Surgery, North District Hospital, Sheung Shui, Hong Kong
| | - W M Ho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - M Wk Tsang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - S Chu
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - D Cm Lam
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - F Kf Mo
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Chu S, Yang C, Xia X, Wang J, Hou Y, Su X. Controlled synthesis of CoO/C and Co/C nanocomposites via a molten salt method and their lithium-storage properties. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03528g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A simple procedure for the preparation of CoO and Co nanoparticles and using Na2SO4 as the template for the small nanoparticles encapsulated with thin carbon layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Chu
- Ministry Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinjiang University
- Urumqi 830046
- China
| | - Chao Yang
- Ministry Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinjiang University
- Urumqi 830046
- China
| | - Xin Xia
- College of Textile and Clothing
- Xinjiang University
- Urumqi 830046
- China
| | - Jide Wang
- Ministry Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinjiang University
- Urumqi 830046
- China
| | - Yanglong Hou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Xintai Su
- Ministry Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinjiang University
- Urumqi 830046
- China
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Zang F, Chu S, Gerasopoulos K, Culver JN, Ghodssi R. Rapid fabrication of supercapacitor electrodes using bionanoscaffolds in capillary microfluidics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/660/1/012010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Alogna VK, Attaya MK, Aucoin P, Bahník Š, Birch S, Birt AR, Bornstein BH, Bouwmeester S, Brandimonte MA, Brown C, Buswell K, Carlson C, Carlson M, Chu S, Cislak A, Colarusso M, Colloff MF, Dellapaolera KS, Delvenne JF, Di Domenico A, Drummond A, Echterhoff G, Edlund JE, Eggleston CM, Fairfield B, Franco G, Gabbert F, Gamblin BW, Garry M, Gentry R, Gilbert EA, Greenberg DL, Halberstadt J, Hall L, Hancock PJB, Hirsch D, Holt G, Jackson JC, Jong J, Kehn A, Koch C, Kopietz R, Körner U, Kunar MA, Lai CK, Langton SRH, Leite FP, Mammarella N, Marsh JE, McConnaughy KA, McCoy S, McIntyre AH, Meissner CA, Michael RB, Mitchell AA, Mugayar-Baldocchi M, Musselman R, Ng C, Nichols AL, Nunez NL, Palmer MA, Pappagianopoulos JE, Petro MS, Poirier CR, Portch E, Rainsford M, Rancourt A, Romig C, Rubínová E, Sanson M, Satchell L, Sauer JD, Schweitzer K, Shaheed J, Skelton F, Sullivan GA, Susa KJ, Swanner JK, Thompson WB, Todaro R, Ulatowska J, Valentine T, Verkoeijen PPJL, Vranka M, Wade KA, Was CA, Weatherford D, Wiseman K, Zaksaite T, Zuj DV, Zwaan RA. Registered Replication Report: Schooler and Engstler-Schooler (1990). Perspect Psychol Sci 2014; 9:556-78. [PMID: 26186758 DOI: 10.1177/1745691614545653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Trying to remember something now typically improves your ability to remember it later. However, after watching a video of a simulated bank robbery, participants who verbally described the robber were 25% worse at identifying the robber in a lineup than were participants who instead listed U.S. states and capitals-this has been termed the "verbal overshadowing" effect (Schooler & Engstler-Schooler, 1990). More recent studies suggested that this effect might be substantially smaller than first reported. Given uncertainty about the effect size, the influence of this finding in the memory literature, and its practical importance for police procedures, we conducted two collections of preregistered direct replications (RRR1 and RRR2) that differed only in the order of the description task and a filler task. In RRR1, when the description task immediately followed the robbery, participants who provided a description were 4% less likely to select the robber than were those in the control condition. In RRR2, when the description was delayed by 20 min, they were 16% less likely to select the robber. These findings reveal a robust verbal overshadowing effect that is strongly influenced by the relative timing of the tasks. The discussion considers further implications of these replications for our understanding of verbal overshadowing.
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Sahebally SM, Burke JP, Chu S, Mabadeje O, Geoghegan J. A randomized controlled trial comparing polyethylene glycol + ascorbic acid with sodium picosulphate + magnesium citrate solution for bowel cleansing prior to colonoscopy. Ir J Med Sci 2014; 184:819-23. [PMID: 25156179 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-014-1182-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adequate bowel cleansing which is acceptable to the patient is a prerequisite for safe and effective colonoscopy. A 2-L polyethylene glycol solution containing ascorbic acid and electrolytes (PEG-Asc) is an alternative to sodium picosulphate + magnesium citrate (SPS-Mg) for bowel preparation. The aim of the current study is to compare PEG-Asc to SPS-Mg in terms of tolerability and efficacy. METHODS This was a single blind, randomized controlled trial. A blinded assessment of bowel cleansing was made by the attending endoscopist. Patients completed a questionnaire on the acceptability of the preparation. RESULTS One hundred and thirty (130) consecutive patients attending for day case colonoscopy were randomly allocated to bowel preparation with PEG-Asc (n = 66) or SPS-Mg (n = 64). More patients found PEG-Asc to taste unpleasant (37.9 vs. 10.9%, P < 0.001) and more patients found PEG-Asc to be a more distressing preparation than SPS-Mg (15.1 vs. 4.7%, P = 0.043). However, there was no difference in the proportion of patients being able to complete bowel preparation (PEG-Asc vs. SPS-Mg, 92.4 vs. 93.8%, P = 0.520). There was no detectable difference between PEG-Asc and SPS-Mg in the quality of cleansing with a good or very good preparation being reported by the endoscopist in 46.9 and 54.5% of cases, respectively (P = 0.242). CONCLUSIONS More patients find PEG-Asc to taste unpleasant and to be a more distressing preparation than SPS-Mg. However, there was no detectable difference between PEG-Asc and SPS-Mg in bowel cleansing prior to colonoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Sahebally
- Department of Surgery, St Columcille's Hospital, Loughlinstown, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - J P Burke
- Department of Surgery, St Columcille's Hospital, Loughlinstown, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - S Chu
- Department of Surgery, St Columcille's Hospital, Loughlinstown, Dublin, Ireland
| | - O Mabadeje
- Department of Surgery, St Columcille's Hospital, Loughlinstown, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Geoghegan
- Department of Surgery, St Columcille's Hospital, Loughlinstown, Dublin, Ireland
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Lee K, Patel S, Hayashibara K, Chu S, Gillis A, Rijlaarsdam M, Dorssers L, Looijenga L. 699: MicroRNA profiling in serum samples from donors with germ cell cancer. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50617-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Degoricija L, Lee K, Patel S, Chu S, Gillis A, Rijlaarsdam M, Dorssers L, Looijenga L. 703: Whole transcriptome analysis of testicular germ cell tumors. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50621-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wang HX, Chu S, Li J, Lai WN, Wang HX, Wu XJ, Kang X, Qiu YR. Increased IL-17 and IL-21 producing TCRαβ+CD4−CD8− T cells in Chinese systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Lupus 2014; 23:643-54. [PMID: 24554709 DOI: 10.1177/0961203314524467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Increased numbers of TCRαβ+CD4−CD8− T cells in the peripheral blood of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients in the United States and United Kingdom have been reported. However, the proportions of TCRαβ+CD4−CD8− T cells and their involvement in the pathogenesis of SLE in Chinese populations are yet to be determined. Methods: A total of 120 SLE patients, 38 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and 43 normal control subjects were examined. The proportion of TCRαβ+CD4−CD8− T cells in the peripheral blood, Fas expression on these cells, and intracellular cytokine levels in these cells were assessed using flow cytometry. Plasma cytokine concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The percentages of TCRαβ+CD4−CD8− T cells were increased in Chinese SLE patients, particularly in active SLE patients, correlated with decreased Fas expression on these cells. IL-17 and IL-21 levels in the blood and in TCRαβ+CD4−CD8− T cells from SLE patients were increased. Moreover, a positive correlation was evident between IL-17- and IL-21-producing TCRαβ+CD4−CD8− T cells. Conclusions: Increased TCRαβ+CD4−CD8− T cells expressing inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-17 and IL-21, may be implicated in the pathogenesis of SLE in patients. Appropriate IL-17- and/or IL-21 blockage may be utilized as a novel immunotherapeutic strategy for SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-X Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - S Chu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - W-N Lai
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - H-X Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanyang Center Hospital, Henan, China
| | - X-J Wu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - X Kang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Y-R Qiu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
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Chung S, Chu S, Huang Y. The association between sleep and body weight changes from birth to 3 years. Sleep Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2013.11.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kyoung M, Srivastava A, Zhang Y, Diao J, Vrljic M, Grob P, Nogales E, Chu S, Brunger A. Molecular mechanism of calcium-triggered vesicle fusion. Toxicon 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Niedzwiecki M, Zhu H, Corson L, Grunig G, Factor PH, Chu S, Jiang H, Miller RL. Prenatal exposure to allergen, DNA methylation, and allergy in grandoffspring mice. Allergy 2012; 67:904-10. [PMID: 22583153 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2012.02841.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal allergen exposure has been linked to both induction and protection of allergic sensitization in offspring. We hypothesized that prenatal exposure of mice (F0) to Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) would be associated with decreased immunoglobulin (Ig) E and airway eosinophilia and alterations in CpG methylation of T-helper genes in third-generation mice (F2). METHODS Female BALB/c mice were sensitized to A. fumigatus (62.5, 125, 1250 μg, or saline) and re-exposed to the same dose on days 7 and 14 (early) or days 12 and 17 (late) gestation. Grandoffspring were treated with A. fumigatus (62.5 μg) at 9 weeks. IgE, IgG(1) , and IgG(2a) levels and cell counts from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were determined. Lung DNA was pyrosequenced at multiple sites in the interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 promoters. RESULTS Grandoffspring of mothers dosed with 1250 μg early during pregnancy developed increased airway eosinophilia (P < 0.05). Grandoffspring of mothers dosed late in pregnancy developed lower IgE (P < 0.05) and airway eosinophilia (P < 0.05). Grandoffspring of mothers dosed early had lower methylation at IL-4 CpG(-408) and CpG(-393) compared to late dosed mice (P < 0.005 across all doses). Few correlations were found between methylation levels and airway eosinophilia and IgE. CONCLUSION Prenatal exposure to A. fumigatus late during pregnancy, but not early, was associated with lower IgE and airway eosinophilia in grandoffspring. Prenatal exposure to A. fumigatus was associated with changes in CpG methylation in the IFN-γ and IL-4 promoters that did not correlate consistently with indicators of allergic sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Niedzwiecki
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences; Mailman School of Public Health; Columbia University; New York; NY; USA
| | - H. Zhu
- Division of Pulmonary; Allergy and Critical Care Medicine; Department of Medicine; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; New York; NY; USA
| | - L. Corson
- Division of Pulmonary; Allergy and Critical Care Medicine; Department of Medicine; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; New York; NY; USA
| | - G. Grunig
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences; New York University; Tuxedo; NY; USA
| | - P. H. Factor
- Division of Pulmonary; Critical Care and Sleep Medicine; Department of Medicine; Beth Israel Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine; New York; NY; USA
| | - S. Chu
- Division of Pulmonary; Allergy and Critical Care Medicine; Department of Medicine; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; New York; NY; USA
| | - H. Jiang
- Division of Pulmonary; Allergy and Critical Care Medicine; Department of Medicine; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; New York; NY; USA
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Pan ZH, Fedorov AV, Gardner D, Lee YS, Chu S, Valla T. Measurement of an exceptionally weak electron-phonon coupling on the surface of the topological insulator Bi2Se3 using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:187001. [PMID: 22681106 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.187001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Gapless surface states on topological insulators are protected from elastic scattering on nonmagnetic impurities which makes them promising candidates for low-power electronic applications. However, for widespread applications, these states should have to remain coherent at ambient temperatures. Here, we studied temperature dependence of the electronic structure and the scattering rates on the surface of a model topological insulator, Bi2Se3, by high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We found an extremely weak broadening of the topological surface state with temperature and no anomalies in the state's dispersion, indicating exceptionally weak electron-phonon coupling. Our results demonstrate that the topological surface state is protected not only from elastic scattering on impurities, but also from scattering on low-energy phonons, suggesting that topological insulators could serve as a basis for room-temperature electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-H Pan
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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Valla T, Pan ZH, Gardner D, Lee YS, Chu S. Photoemission spectroscopy of magnetic and nonmagnetic impurities on the surface of the Bi2Se3 topological insulator. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:117601. [PMID: 22540510 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.117601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Dirac-like surface states on surfaces of topological insulators have a chiral spin structure that suppresses backscattering and protects the coherence of these states in the presence of nonmagnetic scatterers. In contrast, magnetic scatterers should open the backscattering channel via the spin-flip processes and degrade the state's coherence. We present angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy studies of the electronic structure and the scattering rates upon the adsorption of various magnetic and nonmagnetic impurities on the surface of Bi2Se3, a model topological insulator. We reveal a remarkable insensitivity of the topological surface state to both nonmagnetic and magnetic impurities in the low impurity concentration regime. Scattering channels open up with the emergence of hexagonal warping in the high-doping regime, irrespective of the impurity's magnetic moment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Valla
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
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Sorrell A, Espenschied C, Wang W, Weitzel J, Chu S, Parker P, Saldivar S, Bhatia R. Hereditary leukemia due to rare RUNX1c splice variant (L472X) presents with eczematous phenotype. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 3. [PMID: 24353905 DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2012.37110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Deleterious mutations in the RUNX1 gene cause hereditary leukemia due to a rare syndrome called Familial platelet Disorder with Associated Myeloid Malignancy (FPDMM). We describe the characteristics of a family with FPDMM due to a novel RUNX1 mutation (L472X), located in the most 3-prime end of the gene reported to date. Our 36-year old proband presented with incidentally detected thrombocytopenia and a family history suggestive of FPDMM. Contrary to previously described families, affected members of our kindred express an eczematous phenotype, reportedly most severe in members who develop leukemia. Pedigree analysis shows that the L472X mutation tracks with thrombocytopenia, acute leukemia, and eczema. The L472X mutation produces a stably expressed RUNX1 protein product with a corresponding decrease in wild type RUNX1 expression. Our data supports the inclusion of eczema in the FPDMM phenotype and suggests the possibility that the RUNX1 L472X mutant causes the type of dominant negative affect that is associated with an elevated risk of leukemia in FPDMM families.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sorrell
- Department of Pediatrics, City Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA ; Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City Hope National Medical Center, Duarte; CA
| | - C Espenschied
- Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City Hope National Medical Center, Duarte; CA
| | - W Wang
- Division of Population Sciences, City Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - J Weitzel
- Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City Hope National Medical Center, Duarte; CA
| | - S Chu
- Division of Hematology and Transplantation, City Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - P Parker
- Division of Hematology and Transplantation, City Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - S Saldivar
- Department of Molecular Genetics, City Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - R Bhatia
- Division of Hematology and Transplantation, City Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
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