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Determination of Spin-Parity Quantum Numbers of X(2370) as 0^{-+} from J/ψ→γK_{S}^{0}K_{S}^{0}η^{'}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:181901. [PMID: 38759175 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.181901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Based on (10087±44)×10^{6} J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector, a partial wave analysis of the decay J/ψ→γK_{S}^{0}K_{S}^{0}η^{'} is performed. The mass and width of the X(2370) are measured to be 2395±11(stat)_{-94}^{+26}(syst) MeV/c^{2} and 188_{-17}^{+18}(stat)_{-33}^{+124}(syst) MeV, respectively. The corresponding product branching fraction is B[J/ψ→γX(2370)]×B[X(2370)→f_{0}(980)η^{'}]×B[f_{0}(980)→K_{S}^{0}K_{S}^{0}]=(1.31±0.22(stat)_{-0.84}^{+2.85}(syst))×10^{-5}. The statistical significance of the X(2370) is greater than 11.7σ and the spin parity is determined to be 0^{-+} for the first time. The measured mass and spin parity of the X(2370) are consistent with the predictions of the lightest pseudoscalar glueball.
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Observation of Structures in the Processes e^{+}e^{-}→ωχ_{c1} and ωχ_{c2}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:161901. [PMID: 38701481 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.161901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
We present measurements of the Born cross sections for the processes e^{+}e^{-}→ωχ_{c1} and ωχ_{c2} at center-of-mass energies sqrt[s] from 4.308 to 4.951 GeV. The measurements are performed with data samples corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 11.0 fb^{-1} collected with the BESIII detector operating at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider storage ring. Assuming the e^{+}e^{-}→ωχ_{c2} signals come from a single resonance, the mass and width are determined to be M=(4413.6±9.0±0.8) MeV/c^{2} and Γ=(110.5±15.0±2.9) MeV, respectively, which is consistent with the parameters of the well-established resonance ψ(4415). In addition, we also use one single resonance to describe the e^{+}e^{-}→ωχ_{c1} line shape and determine the mass and width to be M=(4544.2±18.7±1.7) MeV/c^{2} and Γ=(116.1±33.5±1.7) MeV, respectively. The structure of this line shape, observed for the first time, requires further understanding.
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Coupled-Channel Analysis of the χ_{c1}(3872) Line Shape with BESIII Data. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:151903. [PMID: 38682963 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.151903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
We perform a study of the χ_{c1}(3872) line shape using the data samples of e^{+}e^{-}→γχ_{c1}(3872), χ_{c1}(3872)→D^{0}D[over ¯]^{0}π^{0}, and π^{+}π^{-}J/ψ collected with the BESIII detector. The effects of the coupled channels and the off-shell D^{*0} are included in the parametrization of the line shape. The line shape mass parameter is obtained to be M_{X}=(3871.63±0.13_{-0.05}^{+0.06}) MeV. Two poles are found on the first and second Riemann sheets corresponding to the D^{*0}D[over ¯]^{0} branch cut. The pole location on the first sheet is much closer to the D^{*0}D[over ¯]^{0} threshold than the other, and is determined to be 7.04±0.15_{-0.08}^{+0.07} MeV above the D^{0}D[over ¯]^{0}π^{0} threshold with an imaginary part -0.19±0.08_{-0.19}^{+0.14} MeV.
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4
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Observation of the Anomalous Shape of X(1840) in J/ψ→γ3(π^{+}π^{-}) Indicating a Second Resonance Near pp[over ¯] Threshold. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:151901. [PMID: 38682972 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.151901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Using a sample of (10087±44)×10^{6} J/ψ events, which is about 45 times larger than that was previously analyzed, a further investigation on the J/ψ→γ3(π^{+}π^{-}) decay is performed. A significant distortion at 1.84 GeV/c^{2} in the line shape of the 3(π^{+}π^{-}) invariant mass spectrum is observed for the first time, which could be resolved by two overlapping resonant structures, X(1840) and X(1880). The new state X(1880) is observed with a statistical significance larger than 10σ. The mass and width of X(1880) are determined to be 1882.1±1.7±0.7 MeV/c^{2} and 30.7±5.5±2.4 MeV, respectively, which indicates the existence of a pp[over ¯] bound state.
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Observation of D^{+}→K_{S}^{0}a_{0}(980)^{+} in the Amplitude Analysis of D^{+}→K_{S}^{0}π^{+}η. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:131903. [PMID: 38613307 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.131903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
We perform for the first time an amplitude analysis of the decay D^{+}→K_{S}^{0}π^{+}η and report the observation of the decay D^{+}→K_{S}^{0}a_{0}(980)^{+} using 2.93 fb^{-1} of e^{+}e^{-} collision data taken at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector. As the only W-annihilation-free decay among D to a_{0}(980) pseudoscalar, D^{+}→K_{S}^{0}a_{0}(980)^{+} is the ideal decay in extracting the contributions of the W-emission amplitudes involving a_{0}(980) and to study the final-state interactions. The absolute branching fraction of D^{+}→K_{S}^{0}π^{+}η is measured to be (1.27±0.04_{stat}±0.03_{syst})%. The branching fractions of intermediate processes D^{+}→K_{S}^{0}a_{0}(980)^{+} with a_{0}(980)^{+}→π^{+}η and D^{+}→π^{+}K[over ¯]_{0}^{*}(1430)^{0} with K[over ¯]_{0}^{*}(1430)^{0}→K_{S}^{0}η are measured to be (1.33±0.05_{stat}±0.04_{syst})% and (0.14±0.03_{stat}±0.01_{syst})%, respectively.
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Observation of Significant Flavor-SU(3) Breaking in the Kaon Wave Function at 12<Q^{2}<25 GeV^{2} and Discovery of the Charmless Decay ψ(3770)→K_{S}^{0}K_{L}^{0}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:131901. [PMID: 38613263 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.131901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
We present cross sections for the reaction e^{+}e^{-}→K_{S}^{0}K_{L}^{0} at center-of-mass energies ranging from 3.51 to 4.95 GeV using data samples collected in the BESIII experiment, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 26.5 fb^{-1}. The ratio of neutral-to-charged kaon form factors at large momentum transfers (12
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[Precision nutritional therapy in gastrointestinal tumor]. ZHONGHUA WEI CHANG WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY 2024; 27:225-230. [PMID: 38532583 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20231212-00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Apart from individual genetic background, unhealthy lifestyle and diet, etc., nutrition also plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of gastrointestinal tumors. Although some patients with gastrointestinal tumors can be satisfied with the traditional nutritional support, it is apparently inadequate for the systemic management of all patients. Precision nutrition support, also known as personalized nutrition support, refers to safe and efficient individualized nutrition intervention based on the investigation of individual genetic background, life characteristics, metabolic indicators, intestinal microbial characteristics, and physiological status factors through big data analysis for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. This review focuses on the relationship between nutrition and gastrointestinal tumors and discusses the progress of precision nutrition support therapy in the gastrointestinal tumors. Based on this, we hope to achieve effective personalized intervention protocols, and improve the clinical outcome and the overall oncology care of gastrointestinal tumors.
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Investigation of the ΔI=1/2 Rule and Test of CP Symmetry through the Measurement of Decay Asymmetry Parameters in Ξ^{-} Decays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:101801. [PMID: 38518329 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.101801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Using (10087±44)×10^{6} J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector, numerous Ξ^{-} and Λ decay asymmetry parameters are simultaneously determined from the process J/ψ→Ξ^{-}Ξ[over ¯]^{+}→Λ(pπ^{-})π^{-}Λ[over ¯](n[over ¯]π^{0})π^{+} and its charge-conjugate channel. The precisions of α_{Λ0} for Λ→nπ^{0} and α[over ¯]_{Λ0} for Λ[over ¯]→n[over ¯]π^{0} compared to world averages are improved by factors of 4 and 1.7, respectively. The ratio of decay asymmetry parameters of Λ→nπ^{0} to that of Λ→pπ^{-}, ⟨α_{Λ0}⟩/⟨α_{Λ-}⟩, is determined to be 0.873±0.012_{-0.010}^{+0.011}, where the first and the second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. The ratio is smaller than unity more than 5σ, which signifies the existence of the ΔI=3/2 transition in Λ for the first time. Besides, we test for CP symmetry in Ξ^{-}→Λπ^{-} and in Λ→nπ^{0} with the best precision to date.
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Determination of the Σ^{+} Timelike Electromagnetic Form Factors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:081904. [PMID: 38457707 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.081904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Based on data samples collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the process e^{+}e^{-}→Σ^{+}Σ[over ¯]^{-} is studied at center-of-mass energies sqrt[s]=2.3960, 2.6454, and 2.9000 GeV. Using a fully differential angular description of the final state particles, both the relative magnitude and phase information of the Σ^{+} electromagnetic form factors in the timelike region are extracted. The relative phase between the electric and magnetic form factors is determined to be sinΔΦ=-0.67±0.29(stat)±0.18(syst) at sqrt[s]=2.3960 GeV, ΔΦ=55°±19°(stat)±14°(syst) at sqrt[s]=2.6454 GeV, and 78°±22°(stat)±9°(syst) at sqrt[s]=2.9000 GeV. For the first time, the phase of the hyperon electromagnetic form factors is explored in a wide range of four-momentum transfer. The evolution of the phase along with four-momentum transfer is an important input for understanding its asymptotic behavior and the dynamics of baryons.
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First Measurement of the Decay Asymmetry in the Pure W-Boson-Exchange Decay Λ_{c}^{+}→Ξ^{0}K^{+}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:031801. [PMID: 38307076 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.031801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Based on 4.4 fb^{-1} of e^{+}e^{-} annihilation data collected at the center-of-mass energies between 4.60 and 4.70 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the pure W-boson-exchange decay Λ_{c}^{+}→Ξ^{0}K^{+} is studied with a full angular analysis. The corresponding decay asymmetry is measured for the first time to be α_{Ξ^{0}K^{+}}=0.01±0.16(stat)±0.03(syst). This result reflects the noninterference effect between the S- and P-wave amplitudes. The phase shift between S- and P-wave amplitudes has two solutions, which are δ_{p}-δ_{s}=-1.55±0.25(stat)±0.05(syst) rad or 1.59±0.25(stat)±0.05(syst) rad.
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11
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[Efficacy of different regimens and prognostic factors in patients with first relapsed multiple myeloma treated after front-line bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2023; 62:1436-1443. [PMID: 38044070 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20230619-00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the efficacy of second-line regimens and prognostic factors in patients with first-relapsed multiple myeloma (MM) treated with bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone (BCD). Methods: A retrospective cohort study. Clinical data were collected in first-relapsed MM patients after BCD treatment from three tertiary hospitals in north China from July 2009 to October 2022. Patients were classified according to the second-line regimen into the immunotherapy group, single novel agent group [either proteasome inhibitor (PI) or immunomodulatory drug (IMiD)], combination treatment group (both PI+IMiD), and traditional treatment group. Responses to second-line regimens and survival data were analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis and the Cox proportional risk model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: A total of 217 patients were enrolled including 8.8% (19/217) in the immunotherapy group, 48.4% (105/217) in the PI/IMiD group, 29.9% (65/217) in the PI+IMiD group, and 12.9% (28/217) in the traditional treatment group. The median age was 62 years (range 31-83 years) and 56.2% (122/217) were males. The overall response rates (ORRs) in the four groups were 94.7% (18/19) vs. 56.2% (59/105) vs. 73.8% (48/65) vs. 32.1% (9/28) (χ2=24.55; P<0.001), respectively. The progression-free survival (PFS) of the second-line regimens (2ndPFS) was 17.7 vs. 9.0 vs. 9.2 vs. 4.6 months (χ2=22.74; P<0.001), respectively, among which patients in the PI/IMiD and PI+IMiD groups had comparable 2ndPFS (χ2=1.76; P=0.923). Patients with high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities (HRCAs) achieved the longest 2ndPFS of 22.0 months in the immunotherapy group (χ2=15.03; P=0.002). Multivariate analysis suggested that immunotherapy (HR=0.11, 95%CI 0.05-0.27), achievement of efficacy of partial response or better (HR=0.47, 95%CI 0.34-0.66), and non-aggressive relapse (HR=0.25, 95%CI 0.17-0.37) were independent prognostic factors of 2ndPFS. Conclusion: In this real-world study, immunotherapy was associated with a more favorable efficacy and PFS for first-relapsed MM patients after BCD treatment, with similar outcomes in patients with HRCAs.
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[Animal study on left bundle branch current of injury and anatomic location of leads in His-purkinje conduction system pacing]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2023; 51:1175-1180. [PMID: 37963753 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20231007-00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Explore the relationship between tip of the left bundle branch pacing lead and anatomic location of left bundle branch as well as the mechanism of left bundle branch current of injury. To clarify the clinical value of left bundle branch current of injury during operation. Methods: The pacing leads were implanted in the hearts of two living swines. Intraoperative electrophysiological study confirmed that the left bundle branch or only the deep left ventricular septum was captured at low output. Immediately after operation, the gross specimen of swine hearts was stained with iodine to observe the gross distribution of His-purkinje conduction system on the left ventricular endocardium and its relationship with the leads. Subsequently, the swine hearts were fixed with formalin solution, and the pacing leads were removed after the positions were marked. The swine hearts were then sectioned and stained with Masson and Goldner trichrome, and the relationship between the anatomic location of the conduction system and the tip of the lead was observed under a light microscope. Results: After iodine staining of the specimen, the His-purkinje conduction system was observed with the naked eye in a net-like distribution, and the lead tip was screwed deeply and fixed in the left bundle branch area of the left ventricular subendocardium in the ventricular septum. Masson and Goldner trichrome staining showed that left bundle branch pacing lead directly passed through the left bundle branch when there was left bundle branch potential with left bundle branch current of injury, while it was not directly contact the left bundle branch when there was left bundle branch potential without left bundle branch current of injury. Conclusion: The left bundle branch current of injury observed on intracardiac electrocardiogram during His-purkinje conduction system pacing suggests that the pacing lead directly contacted the conduction bundle or its branches, therefore, the captured threshold was relatively low. Left bundle branch current of injury can be used as an important anatomic and electrophysiological evidence of left bundle branch capture.
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[Remodeling of tumor stroma combined with photothermal therapy in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 2023; 45:926-933. [PMID: 37968077 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn12152-20221108-00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Polyethylene glycol-modified gold nanostar particles (GNS-PEG) were constructed to investigate whether the degradation of extracellular matrix in triple-negative breast cancer could improve the tumor delivery of GNS-PEG and enhance the efficacy of photothermal therapy. Methods: GNS-PEG were constructed and characterized for physicochemical properties as well as photothermal properties. At the cellular level, the cytotoxicity of halofuginone (HF) and the effect of photothermal therapy were detected. Mouse model of triple negative breast cancer was established by subcutaneous inoculation of 4T1 cells in BALB/c nude mice. Five injections of HF were given via tail vein (HF group), and tumor sections were stained with Masson stain and immunohistochemical staining for transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and CD31 to observe the effect of tumor stromal degradation. Five injections of HF via tail vein followed by GNS-PEG (HF+ GNS-PEG group) were applied to determine the content of gold in tumor tissues by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The tumor sites of the mice in the GNS-PEG and HF+ GNS-PEG groups were irradiated with NIR laser and the temperature changes were recorded with an IR camera. The tumour growth and weight changes of mice in each group were observed. Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining, TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling and HE staining were performed on tumor tissue sections from each group to observe tumor proliferation, apoptosis and necrosis. HE staining was performed on heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney tissues from each group to observe the morphological changes of cells. Results: GNS-PEG nanoparticles showed a multi-branched structure with a particle size of 73.5±1.4 nm. The absorption peak of GNS was 810 nm, which is in the near infrared region. The photothermal conversion rate of GNS-PEG was up to 79.3%, and the photothermal effect could be controlled by the laser energy. HF has a concentration-dependent cytotoxicity, with a cell survival rate being as low as (22.8±2.6)% at HF concentration of up to 1 000 nmol/L. The photothermal effect of GNS-PEG was significant in killing tumor cells, with a cell survival rate of (32.7±5.2)% at the concentration of 25 pmol/L. The collagen area fraction, TGFβ1 integrated optical density and α-SMA integrated optical density in the tumor tissues of mice in the HF group were (2.1±0.2)%, 3.1±0.4 and 5.2±1.9, respectively, which were lower than those of the control group (all P<0.01), and the vessel diameter was 8.6±2.9 μm, which was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). In the HF+ GNS-PEG group, the concentration of gold in tissues was 52.4 μg/g, higher than that in the GNS-PEG group (15.9 μg/g, P<0.05). After laser irradiation, the temperature of the tumor site in the HF+ GNS-PEG group was significantly higher than that in the GNS-PEG group. At the 4th minute, the temperatures of the tumor site in the GNS-PEG and HF+ GNS-PEG groups were 51.5 ℃ and 57.7 ℃ respectively; the tumor volume in the HF+ GNS-PEG group was effectively suppressed. The body weights of the mice in each group did not change significantly during the monitoring period. No significant abnormalities were observed in the main organs of the mice in the GNS-PEG group, but some hepatocytes in the HF and HF+ GNS-PEG groups showed edema and degeneration. Conclusion: The remodeling of extracellular matrix in triple-negative breast cancer could significantly improve the intratumoral delivery of GNS-PEG and thus achieve better photothermal therapy effect.
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Test of CP Symmetry in Hyperon to Neutron Decays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:191802. [PMID: 38000397 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.191802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The quantum entangled J/ψ→Σ^{+}Σ[over ¯]^{-} pairs from (1.0087±0.0044)×10^{10} J/ψ events taken by the BESIII detector are used to study the nonleptonic two-body weak decays Σ^{+}→nπ^{+} and Σ[over ¯]^{-}→n[over ¯]π^{-}. The CP-odd weak decay parameters of the decays Σ^{+}→nπ^{+} (α_{+}) and Σ[over ¯]^{-}→n[over ¯]π^{-} (α[over ¯]_{-}) are determined to be 0.0481±0.0031_{stat}±0.0019_{syst} and -0.0565±0.0047_{stat}±0.0022_{syst}, respectively. The decay parameter α[over ¯]_{-} is measured for the first time, and the accuracy of α_{+} is improved by a factor of 4 compared to the previous results. The simultaneously determined decay parameters allow the first precision CP symmetry test for any hyperon decay with a neutron in the final state with the measurement of A_{CP}=(α_{+}+α[over ¯]_{-})/(α_{+}-α[over ¯]_{-})=-0.080±0.052_{stat}±0.028_{syst}. Assuming CP conservation, the average decay parameter is determined as ⟨α_{+}⟩=(α_{+}-α[over ¯]_{-})/2=-0.0506±0.0026_{stat}±0.0019_{syst}, while the ratios α_{+}/α_{0} and α[over ¯]_{-}/α[over ¯]_{0} are -0.0490±0.0032_{stat}±0.0021_{syst} and -0.0571±0.0053_{stat}±0.0032_{syst}, where α_{0} and α[over ¯]_{0} are the decay parameters of the decays Σ^{+}→pπ^{0} and Σ[over ¯]^{-}→p[over ¯]π^{0}, respectively.
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Measurement of Energy-Dependent Pair-Production Cross Section and Electromagnetic Form Factors of a Charmed Baryon. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:191901. [PMID: 38000396 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.191901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
We study the process e^{+}e^{-}→Λ_{c}^{+}Λ[over ¯]_{c}^{-} at twelve center-of-mass energies from 4.6119 to 4.9509 GeV using data samples collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The Born cross sections and effective form factors (|G_{eff}|) are determined with unprecedented precision after combining the single and double-tag methods based on the decay process Λ_{c}^{+}→pK^{-}π^{+}. Flat cross sections around 4.63 GeV are obtained and no indication of the resonant structure Y(4630), as reported by Belle, is found. In addition, no oscillatory behavior is discerned in the |G_{eff}| energy dependence of Λ_{c}^{+}, in contrast to what is seen for the proton and neutron cases. Analyzing the cross section together with the polar-angle distribution of the Λ_{c}^{+} baryon at each energy point, the moduli of electric and magnetic form factors (|G_{E}| and |G_{M}|) are extracted and separated. For the first time, the energy dependence of the form factor ratio |G_{E}/G_{M}| is observed, which can be well described by an oscillatory function.
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Precise Measurement of the e^{+}e^{-}→D_{s}^{*+}D_{s}^{*-} Cross Sections at Center-of-Mass Energies from Threshold to 4.95 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:151903. [PMID: 37897771 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.151903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
The process e^{+}e^{-}→D_{s}^{*+}D_{s}^{*-} is studied with a semi-inclusive method using data samples at center-of-mass energies from threshold to 4.95 GeV collected with the BESIII detector operating at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider. The Born cross sections of the process are measured for the first time with high precision in this energy region. Two resonance structures are observed in the energy-dependent cross sections around 4.2 and 4.4 GeV. By fitting the cross sections with a coherent sum of three Breit-Wigner amplitudes and one phase-space amplitude, the two significant structures are assigned masses of (4186.8±8.7±30) and (4414.6±3.4±6.1) MeV/c^{2}, widths of (55±15±53) and (122.5±7.5±8.1) MeV, where the first errors are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The inclusion of a third Breit-Wigner amplitude is necessary to describe a structure around 4.79 GeV.
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Immunotherapeutic strategy in the management of gastric cancer: molecular profiles, current practice, and ongoing trials. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2023; 35:32. [PMID: 37779128 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-023-00192-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the one of the most commonly solid cancer worldwide. Although under the aggressive treatment, the poor clinical outcomes of patients with GCs have not been improved. Current studies emphasized that targeting therapies or immune response-based therapeutic strategy may be a potential approach to improve the clinical outcomes. Moreover, accumulative evidence has reported the increasing expression of PD-L1 expression in GC cells and highlighted its role in the tumor progression. Currently, great development has been established in the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and further changed the clinical practice of GC treatment and prognosis. In addition, the combination therapies with targeting therapy or traditional therapies are expected to push the development of immunotherapies. In our present review, we predominantly focus on the biomarkers and molecular profiles for immunotherapies in GCs and highlight the role and administration of ICIs-based immunotherapeutic strategies against the GCs.
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Methodological and Reporting Quality of Non-Inferiority or Equivalence Designs: A Systematic Review of Trial Characteristics, Design Consideration and Interpretation in Breast Cancer Radiotherapy Trials. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e212. [PMID: 37784879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) To investigate the methodological and reporting quality of non-inferiority (NI)/equivalence trials of breast cancer radiotherapy and to provide suggestions for future NI/equivalence trials. MATERIALS/METHODS Prospective phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing different radiation modalities in patients with breast cancer and designed or interpreted as NI/equivalence were identified in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane library. Two reviewers independently extracted data on trial characteristics, statistical design assumptions and analysis considerations, primary end point results and conclusions. The relationship between the number of published trials and the year of publication was assessed by simple linear regression. Trials with pre-specified NI margins as absolute risk differences were reevaluated using margins as relative risk differences. RESULTS A total of 1490 records were screened and 41 articles published between January 1, 2001 and May 9, 2022 were selected for full text review. A total of 21 trials were included (18 designed as NI and 3 as equivalence). Publication of these trials increased over time (p = 0.023). Trial interventions included dose fractionation (n = 10), partial/whole breast irradiation (n = 8) and tumor bed boost (n = 3). Eleven (52.4%) trials clearly described the non-efficacy benefits. The primary endpoints included 5-year local recurrence (LR) (n = 11), 5-year locoregional recurrence (n = 3), acute/late toxicities (n = 5), 2-year LR and cosmetic outcome (n = 1), and 10-year LR (n = 1). Only seven (33.3%) trials provided justification of the margins. The absolute and relative risk margins were both mentioned in nine (42.9%) trials' methods and reported in six (28.6%) trials' results. The analyzed populations were intention-to-treat (ITT) in 10, both ITT and per-protocol in 9 trials. Seventeen (81%) trials reported confidence interval (CI), with twelve reporting CI that agreed with the type I error used in sample size calculation, but only eight (38.1%) reported p value for NI/equivalence test. Fifteen (71.4%) trials concluded NI/equivalence. Five (23.8%) trials had misleading conclusions (four for not mentioning small sample size insufficient to confirm NI/equivalence and one for inconsistent with the published results). Thirteen (61.9%) trials reported that the protocol's initial accrual target was not met, with ten (47.6%) owing to overestimation of event rates. For trials that met NI only based on absolute margin, three of eight (37.5%) trials were classified as inconclusive with the assumed relative margins. CONCLUSION The use of NI/equivalence trials of breast cancer radiotherapy has dramatically increased recently, but there is substantial room for improvement in the methodological and reporting quality of NI/equivalence trials.
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[Analysis of changes in reporting and diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis among children in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province from 2019 to 2021]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2023; 57:1153-1159. [PMID: 37574305 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20230315-00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the characteristics of children's pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases reported from 2019 to 2021 before and during the implementation of the Action Plan to Stop Tuberculosis. Methods: Based on the reported incidence data and population data of child pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) notified to the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Tuberculosis Information Management System (TBIMS) from 2019 to 2021, the population information and clinically relevant information in different years were compared. Results: From 2019 to 2021, the reported cases of PTB in children were 363, 664 and 655, respectively. The number of reported cases increased significantly. The median age of the cases in children increased from 10.4 years in 2019 to 11.7 years in 2021 (P=0.005) over a three-year period. The etiological positive rate increased significantly from 11.6% (42/363) in 2019 to 32.2% (211/655) in 2021 (P<0.001). The positive rate of molecular testing increased most significantly, which became the main means of etiological detection and accounted for 16.7% (7/42), 62.0% (57/92) and 75.4% (159/211) of the children with positive etiological results, respectively. The resistance rates of isoniazid and rifampicin were analyzed in children with PTB who underwent drug sensitivity tests. The results showed that the resistance rates of isoniazid and/or rifampicin were 2/9, 3.9% (2/51) and 6.7% (11/163), respectively, with an average of 6.7% (15/223) over three years. The median patients' delay was 27 (12, 49) days in 2019. It was reduced to 19 (10, 37) days in 2020 and 15 (7, 34) days in 2021, both significantly lower than 2019 (P=0.009 and 0.000 2, respectively). Conclusion: From 2019 to 2021, the reported numbers of children with PTB and children with positive etiological results increase significantly in Liangshan Prefecture, while the diagnosis delay of patients significantly reduces.
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[A cross-sectional survey on the allocation of nursing human resources in burn centers in China]. ZHONGHUA SHAO SHANG YU CHUANG MIAN XIU FU ZA ZHI 2023; 39:364-370. [PMID: 37805740 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20220613-00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the allocation of nursing human resources in burn centers in China. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Using a self-designed questionnaire, a survey was carried out from January to March 2022 to investigate the January to December 2021 status of 39 burn centers in China that met the inclusion criteria based on six strategic regions and other regions, including the hospital grade and the region, the number of nurses and opening beds in the burn centers and burn intensive care units (BICUs), the age, working seniority in burn specialty, educational background, professional title, personnel employment, and turnover of nurses and training of newly recruited nurses in the burn centers. Results: This survey covered 30 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China (excluding Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region, and Taiwan region of China). A total of 39 questionnaires were collected, all of which were valid. The 39 burn centers were located in 38 tertiary A hospitals and 1 tertiary B hospital, with 26 burn centers in strategic areas. The nurse/bed ratio of burn centers in the Greater Bay Area of Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao was the highest, while the nurse/bed ratio of burn centers in border ethnic minority area was the lowest. Except for the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle, BICUs had been set up in burn centers in other regions. Among the 39 burn centers, the percentage of nurses aged 25 to 34 years was 51.21% (738/1 441), the percentage of nurses worked in burn specialty for less than 5 years was 31.16% (449/1 441), the percentage of nurses with bachelor's degree was 69.74% (1 005/1 441), and the percentage of nurses with nursing professional title was 44.14% (636/1 441), which were the highest. There were significant differences in the employment of nurses, the percentage of permanent nurses in burn centers in the collaborative development zone of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei was 82.48% (113/137), while the percentage of permanent nurses in burn centers in important military strategic area was only 9.42% (34/361); the turnover rate of nurses was 9.03% (143/1 584), among which the turnover rate of nurses was 18.14% (80/441) in burn centers in important military strategic area. The training for newly recruited nurses in 39 burn centers was mainly based on the guidance of senior nurses and the pre-job education+specialist training. Conclusions: The burn nursing human resources in strategic areas in China are seriously insufficient and unevenly distributed, with unstable nurse team and lack of standardized specialist training. In particular, the nursing human resources in BICUs need to be equipped and supplemented urgently.
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[Discussion on the nomenclature of pediatric fatty liver disease]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2023; 61:104-107. [PMID: 36720589 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220729-00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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First Report of Lasiodiplodia theobromae Causing Brown Leaf Spot on Bruguiera gymnorrhiza in China. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:2262. [PMID: 36627795 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-22-2804-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (Linn.) Sav. is a dominant tree species of mangrove forests in tropical coastal areas of China. This species is commonly used for the greening of tidal flats and seawalls in tropical and subtropical regions (Allen, & Duke 2000). A survey that was conducted from August to September 2020, in the mangrove national nature reserve at Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, South China. Brown leaf spot symptoms were observed on Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and disease incidence was over 10% (200 investigated trees). Symptomatic small spots initially appeared at the middle or edges of leaves, enlarged irregularly, and developed into brown necrotic spots with dying curly edges. The color of the lesion's center changed to dark brown or gray. To identify the causative agent, twenty diseased leaves were sampled for pathogen isolation. Affected foliar tissues cut into 5 × 5 mm pieces, disinfected in 75% ethanol for 2 mins, rinsed in sterile distilled water, and then air dried under a sterilized filter paper. Leaf pieces were plated onto potato dextrose agar (PDA) in Petri dishes and then incubated at 28°C in darkness for 3-5 days. Hyphal tips of fungal colonies growing from the tissue pieces were subcultured onto fresh PDA to obtain pure single hyphae cultures. The fungal colonies were initially composed of white aerial mycelia, but turned gray after 7 days. Immature conidia were hyaline, subovoid, and aseptate while mature conidia becoming dark brown, one-septate with longitudinal stripes, the length/width ratio is 19.98 to 29.50 μm (average 24.37 µm; n = 50) × 11.99 to 14.45 μm (average 13.09 µm; n = 50). On the basis of morphological features all isolates were identified as Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl (Alves et al. 2008). For DNA-based identification, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region gene and fragment of elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-α) gene of the three isolates were amplified and sequenced following the methods described in a previous study (White et al. 1990, Carbone & Kohn 1999). The obtained sequences of ITS and EF1-α were deposited in GenBank with accession numbers OK644200 and OL345571. The BLAST results showed at least 99.60% similarity with the sequences of Lasiodiplodia theobromae (ITS, MT644474.1 [99.79%]; EF1-a, MK961975.1 [99.60%]). To fulfill Koch's postulates, PDA plugs with actively growing mycelium of the isolates were inoculated on the leaves of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza plants that were wounded by using a sterilized needle or scalpel. Inoculated leaves were covered with sterilized wet cotton, and the plants were kept at 28°C and 80% relative humidity. The inoculated plants showed leaf spot symptoms that were similar to those previously observed in the field after 1-2 days, whereas control leaves remained healthy. Lasiodiplodia theobromae was consistently isolated from inoculated leaves again. Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Botryosphaeriaceae) is a plurivorous pathogen in a wide variety of hosts, mostly prevalent in tropical and subtropical climate regions. It has been previously reported to cause brown leaf spot on Broussonetia papyrifera (Luo et al. 2020), foliar diseases on Camellia oleifera (Zhu et al. 2014) and Kadsura longipedunculata (Fan et al. 2020). To our knowledge, this is the first report of Lasiodiplodia theobromae causing brown leaf spot on Bruguiera gymnorrhiza plants in China and worldwide. Our findings will help to make management strategies for control of this disease on Bruguiera gymnorrhiza.
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[Value of genetic screening on guiding the implantation of ICD in the high-risk patients with sudden cardiac death]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2022; 50:1142-1147. [PMID: 36517434 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20220328-00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
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[Study on the reliability and validity of the Chinese Criteria of Health Scale for the elderly people]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2022; 56:1809-1814. [PMID: 36536570 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220223-00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese Criteria of Health Scale for the elderly people. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among older adults of Meiyuan Community in Haidian District, Beijing and Nanwangkong Village in Qingzhou City,Shandong Province during July 2021. Using a cluster sampling method, totally 667 elderly people were investigated by face-to-face interview, using the scale which was formulated after two rounds of the Delphi method and pilot study. The overall scale includes physical health, mental health and social health subscales, including 9, 52 and 15 items, respectively. Four weeks after the survey, 56 elderly people were randomly selected and repeated the survey with the same method. The test-retest reliability, split-half reliability and internal consistency reliability of the scale were evaluated, and the validity was evaluated at the same time, including construct validity and content validity. Results: A total of 710 questionnaires were distributed and 667 valid questionnaires were obtained, with a total effective rate of 93.94%. The score of the overall scale was 79.79±16.22, the scores of the physical health, mental health, social health sub-scores were 41.64±9.76, 26.82±3.92 and 11.34±5.19, respectively. The scale had excellent reliability. In the test-retest reliability, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the overall scale and each subscale were 0.766-0.861, and the weighted Kappa values were 0.762-0.817. The Spearman-Brown coefficient of the overall scale and each subscale in the split-half reliability were 0.722-0.855 (all P<0.001). The Cronbach's α coefficients of the overall scale of internal consistency reliability and each subscale were 0.748-0.899, and the Cronbach's α coefficients of each dimension were from 0.709 to 0.963(all P<0.001). At the same time, the scale had good construct validity and content validity. The correlation coefficients between the score of each dimension and its sub-scale were larger, from 0.641 to 0.873 (all P<0.05). The cumulative variance contribution rates of the scale and three subscales were all more than 50% of the approved standard. A total of 11 common factors were extracted, and all the load values of each item on the corresponding factors were ≥0.04. Conclusion: The Chinese Criteria of Health Scale for the elderly people has good validity and excellent reliability. It can be used as a basis for the scientific division of the health status of the elderly, the formulation of relevant policies by the government and the provision of appropriate health services for the elderly.
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[Research progress on improving mitochondrial quality control and attenuating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by melatonin]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2022; 50:1128-1132. [PMID: 36418285 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20220906-00671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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Long-term use of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 from early life alleviates high-fat-diet-induced obesity and dysmetabolism in mice. Benef Microbes 2022; 13:407-416. [PMID: 36239668 DOI: 10.3920/bm2021.0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has become one of the most serious public health problems worldwide, and an increasing number of studies indicate that the gut microbiota can affect host metabolism. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate whether long-term use of probiotics can alleviate host obesity and metabolism by altering gut microbiota. The high-fat diet (HFD) starting from weaned period led to higher levels of visceral fat and a significantly heavier liver in male mice. Moreover, HFD resulted in disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism, changes in insulin-resistance indices (IR), and an increase in serum insulin and leptin in mice. Of note, 15 weeks use of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 decreased visceral fat, liver weight, serum levels of insulin and leptin, and IR and alleviated lipid dysmetabolism. HFD resulted in a significant increase in the relative abundance of Bilophila, Lachnoclostridium, and Blautia and may decrease the faecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels in mice; in turn, treatment with the potential probiotic strain L. paracasei N1115 protected mice from these negative effects. HFD significant impaired the physiology of the host especially in male mice and dramatically changed the composition of host gut microbiota. However, the use of potential probiotic strain, such as L. paracasei N1115, may prevent these impairments due to HFD via effecting the host gut microbiota and SCFA.
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[Endoscopic assisted treatment of Langerhans cell histiocytosis of lingual mandibular bone in a child: a case report]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2022; 57:962-964. [PMID: 36097945 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20211216-00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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Abstract
Objective Most men suffering from depression have different degrees of erectile dysfunction (ED), but the relationship between depression and ED is not clear. This study explored the effect of depression on erectile function in rats and the underlying mechanism. Methods The potential targets and key signaling pathways of depression and ED were predicted through bioinformatics analysis, and a depression rat model was established by inducing chronic restraint stress. Pathological changes in rat penis tissue were studied by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The serum dopamine level was quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of related proteins and mRNA was detected by western blotting and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed pathological damage in the penile tissue of the model group rats. The serum dopamine level, dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) and solute carrier family 6 member 3 (SLC6A3) protein levels in penile tissue, and DRD2 and SLC6A3 mRNA levels were lower in the model group than in the control group. Conclusion The decrease in erectile function in the depression rat model was related to dysfunction of the dopamine system and dopaminergic synapse signaling pathway.
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First Report of Phytoplasma Belongs to 16SrV Group Associated with Witches'-broom Disease of Taxillus chinensis in China. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:3199. [PMID: 35549451 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-22-0510-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Taxillus chinensis (DC.) Danser is a hemiparasitic shrub, widespread in Southern China (Fu et al., 2001). T. chinensis can parasitize a wide range of species (e.g., Camellia spp., Ficus virens and Osmanthus fragrans), which obviously suppressed host growth by robbing nutrient and water through haustorium, causing considerable tree damage. During field visits to Dongguan (22°86'N, 13°97'E) and Guangzhou (23°19'N, 113°31'E), Guangdong Province, in April-July 2021, the typical phytoplasma-suspected symptom manifested as stunting, leaflet, leaf chlorosis and witches'-broom were observed in almost 36% of T. chinensis plants. Leaf samples were collected from six randomly collected plants with symptoms and six symptomless plants (Fig 1). Among them, half of T. chinensis plants parasitized on the host Elaeocarpus sylvestris, the other half on the O. fragrans. No apparent symptoms were observed on both two host plants. Total DNA was extracted from 0.5 g fresh leaf of T. chinensis plants with and without symptoms, as well as two host plants E. sylvestris and O. fragrans, using the CTAB method (Doyle et al., 1990). Nested polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) were performed on DNA extracts of all tested plants with primer pairs of P1/P7 and R16mF2/R16mR1 for 16S rRNA gene (Lee et al., 1993) and rp(v)F1/rpR1 for rp gene (Lee et al., 1998). All amplicons were obtained from symptomatic samples of T. chinensis and host plant E. sylvestris, whereas no such products resulted from DNAs of symptomless plants and O. fragrans. The amplicons were purified and sequenced by Sanger method (Rui Biotech, Guangzhou, China). The amplicon of 16S rRNA and rp genes is 1346 bp and 938 bp, respectively. BLAST comparison of the 16S rRNA (accession no. OL412744) and rp (accession no. OL473789) sequences of the T. chinensis witches'-broom phytoplasma yielded 99.6% sequence identity with those of phytoplasmas of group 16SrV jujube witches'-broom (JWB) phytoplasma (accession no. CP025121 for 16S rRNA gene and AF396941 for rp gene). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of phytoplasma in host plant E. sylvestris (accession no. OM885990) is 99.7% similarity to the 'Elaeocarpus zollingeri' yellows phytoplasma (accession no. LC257960) and 99.4% similarity to the 'Elaeocarpus sylvestris' decline phytoplasma (accession no. MW553140), but 95.8% similarity to the 16S rRNA gene of phytoplasma in T. chinensis. The virtual RFLP tool, iPhyClassifier delineated the T. chinensis phytoplasma (accession no. OL412744) to group 16SrV-B (accession no. AB052876) with the similarity coefficient 1.0 (Fig 2), and phytoplasma in E. sylvestris to group 16Sr group XXXII with the similarity coefficient 0.97. Phylogeny analyses of 16S rRNA and rp genes (MEGA version 7.0.14, USA) using reference phytoplasmas from GenBank confirmed sequencing results and placed the T. chinensis phytoplasma in group 16SrV-B (Fig. 3 and 4). In China, the 16SrV-B phytoplasma group has been reported in Amaranthus retroflexus (Yang et al., 2011), Liriodendron chinense (Li et al., 2012), Prunus salicina (Gao et al., 2020) and sweet potato (Li et al., 2021). This is the first report of a 'Ca. Phytoplasma ziziphi', 16SrV-B related phytoplasma associated with parasitic T. chinensis in China. The results of this study indicate that T. chinensis could be a vector to spread phytoplasmas 16SrV group through parasitism and this can be helpful for related research.
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[The function of auditory cortex in the elderly using functional near-infrared spectroscopy technology]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2022; 57:458-466. [PMID: 35527437 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20210818-00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to study the effect of aging on the neuroimaging characteristics of cerebral cortex in the process of speech perception. Method: Thirty-four adults with normal hearing were recruited from March 2021 to June 2021, including 17 in the young group, with 6 males, 11 females, age (32.1±5.0) years, age range 20-39 years. and 17 in the elderly group, with 6 males, 11 females, age (63.2±2.8) years, age range 60-70 years. The test material was the sentence table of the Mandarin Hearing Test in Noise (MHINT). The task state block experiment design was adopted, and the temporal lobe, Broca's area, Wernicke's area, motor cortex were used as regions of interest. Objective brain imaging technology (fNIRS) combined with subjective psychophysical testing method was used to analyze the activation area and degree of cerebral cortex related to auditory speech perception in the elderly and young people under different listening conditions (quiet, signal-to-noise ratio of 10 dB, 5 dB, 0 dB, -5 dB). SPSS 23 software was used for statistical analysis. Result: The activation area and degree of activation in the elderly group were lower than those in the young group under each task condition; The number of activation channels in the young group were significantly more than those in the old group, and the number of activation channels in the left hemisphere were more than those in the right hemisphere, but there was no difference in the number of activation channels. There were more channels affected by age in the left hemisphere than in the right hemisphere. The activation degree of the young group when the signal-to-noise ratio was 0 dB was significantly higher than that of other signal-to-noise ratio conditions (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the old group under the five conditions (P>0.05). The speech recognition score of the young group was higher than that of the old group under all conditions. When the quiet and signal-to-noise ratio was 10 dB, the correct score of the two groups was equal or close to 100%. With the gradual decrease of signal-to-noise ratio, there was a significant difference between the two groups when the signal-to-noise ratio was 5 dB. The speech recognition accuracy of the young group decreased significantly when the signal-to-noise ratio was 0 dB, while that of the old group decreased significantly when the signal-to-noise ratio was 5 dB. Conclusions: With the increase of age, the speech perception in noisy environment and the activity of cerebral cortex gradually deteriorate, and the speech dominance hemisphere (left hemisphere) will be significantly affected by aging. The overall activation area and activation degree of the elderly under different speech tasks are lower than those of the young.
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[An analysis of the family structure in a case of Baker muscular dystrophy]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2022; 61:423-425. [PMID: 35340192 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20210420-00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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[Stable Isotopes of Precipitation in the Eastern Tarim River Basin and Water Vapor Sources]. HUAN JING KE XUE= HUANJING KEXUE 2022; 43:199-209. [PMID: 34989504 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202104210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The in-situ monitoring of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) in precipitation is helpful to understand the processes of water phase change, mixing, and transportation. Due to the arid climate in the eastern Tarim River basin, water resources are the key factor affecting the regional sustainable development. However, the understanding of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in precipitation is still limited for this region. Based on the isotope data of 103 precipitation samples collected at four stations in the eastern Tarim River basin from June 2019 to September 2020, the spatial and temporal characteristics of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in precipitation were analyzed, and the connections between stable isotopes and moisture sources were discussed. The findings provide a reference for the application of environmental isotope tracers in arid areas. The results show that, ① the four sampling stations generally presented an increasing trend in precipitation stable isotopic values from north to south, and the isotopic values were higher in summer and lower in winter. The d-excess value in the study region was smaller than the national average, and the slope of the local meteoric water line exhibited a significant arid characteristic. ② There was a positive correlation between precipitation stable isotopes and air temperature in the study region, whereas a weak negative relationship was seen between d-excess and air temperature. The negative correlation occurred between δ18O and relative humidity, and the d-excess value exhibited a positive correlation with relative humidity. ③ The backward trajectory showed that the eastern Tarim River basin is mainly controlled by the westerlies paths. The proportion of air mass that comes from the middle and short distance is relatively large. The concentration weighted trajectory method showed that the farther from the precipitation sampling site, the more stable the d-excess value was. The closer to the sampling site, the more frequently the concentration changed, indicating that the d-excess value was greatly affected by the local water vapor recycling.
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[Epidemiological investigation of tinnitus in Sichuan and Chongqing]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2021; 56:1164-1173. [PMID: 34749455 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20201019-00816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of tinnitus in Sichuan and Chongqing. Methods: We designed a tinnitus epidemiological questionnaire. The multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling methods was applied to obtain study subjects in six areas (Nanchong, Jiangjin, Fengdu, Yunyang, Suining and Ya'an), which were selected for epidemiological investigation. Home visit completion of epidemiological questionnaires was conducted. The trained investigators guided the respondents to fill in the tinnitus epidemiological questionnaires, and the epidemiological status of six areas on prevalence and risk factor was investigated. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: Sampling population were 10 289, in which 9 273 were valid questionnaires. There were 4 281 males and 4 992 females, with an average age of 47.3 years, among which 34.83% (3 230/9 273) had tinnitus. 3.99% (370/9 273) were diagnosed with bothersome tinnitus. In a multivariable logistic regression mod, the following factors were associated with onsetting of tinnitus: sleep disorder [Odds Ratio(OR)=3.74] and noise exposure(OR=1.99). The risk of disease was lowest in the age of 30-40 years old, while the risk of disease was higher for people under 30 and over 40. In another multivariable logistic regression mode, the following factors were associated with having bothersome tinnitus: older people were more likely to suffer from tinnitus, sleep disorders (OR=4.68) and noise exposure (OR=1.56). Conclusions: The prevalence of tinnitus in Sichuan and Chongqing is about 34.83%, but most of the tinnitus is short-lived and has low loudness, which will not affect the patients. Only a small number of patients with tinnitus (3.99%) persist and affect their health and need treatment. The occurrence and exacerbation of tinnitus may be related to sleep, age, and noise exposure.
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The Rat Genome Database (RGD) facilitates genomic and phenotypic data integration across multiple species for biomedical research. Mamm Genome 2021; 33:66-80. [PMID: 34741192 PMCID: PMC8570235 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-021-09932-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Model organism research is essential for discovering the mechanisms of human diseases by defining biologically meaningful gene to disease relationships. The Rat Genome Database (RGD, ( https://rgd.mcw.edu )) is a cross-species knowledgebase and the premier online resource for rat genetic and physiologic data. This rich resource is enhanced by the inclusion and integration of comparative data for human and mouse, as well as other human disease models including chinchilla, dog, bonobo, pig, 13-lined ground squirrel, green monkey, and naked mole-rat. Functional information has been added to records via the assignment of annotations based on sequence similarity to human, rat, and mouse genes. RGD has also imported well-supported cross-species data from external resources. To enable use of these data, RGD has developed a robust infrastructure of standardized ontologies, data formats, and disease- and species-centric portals, complemented with a suite of innovative tools for discovery and analysis. Using examples of single-gene and polygenic human diseases, we illustrate how data from multiple species can help to identify or confirm a gene as involved in a disease and to identify model organisms that can be studied to understand the pathophysiology of a gene or pathway. The ultimate aim of this report is to demonstrate the utility of RGD not only as the core resource for the rat research community but also as a source of bioinformatic tools to support a wider audience, empowering the search for appropriate models for human afflictions.
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[Research progress on lymphatic vessels in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2021; 49:925-929. [PMID: 34530603 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20210307-00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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[Characteristics of magnetic resonance imaging and clinical etiology of ovarian infertility]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2021; 101:2798-2803. [PMID: 34551497 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210714-02749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the characteristics of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical etiology of ovarian infertility. Methods: The data of infertile women who underwent 3.0T MRI and magnetic resonance hysterosalpingography (MR-HSG) examination in the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine from September 2017 to March 2020 were collected. The ovarian factors of infertility, as well as the abnormalities of bilateral fallopian tubes and uterus, were evaluated. Etiologies assessed by MRI were finally confirmed by hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, surgery, or a comprehensive clinical diagnosis. Results: Among 1 351 patients, 1 296 cases were eligible and included for further analysis. Evaluated by MRI and MR-HSG, 494(38.12%) cases had ovarian abnormalities, including 239(48.38%) cases of ovarian endometriosiss, 116(23.48%) cases of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), 37(7.49%) cases of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), 33(6.68%) cases of ovarian mass, 28(5.67%) cases of ovarian injury, and 41(8.30%) cases who had at least two kinds of ovarian diseases. Unilateral and bilateral ovarian abnormalities accounted for 52.02% (257/494) and 47.98%(237/494), respectively.In total, 453 of 494(91.7%) patients had only one kind of ovarian disease. Among the 494 patients, 103(20.85%) cases had abnormal ovary with normal uterus and fallopian tubes, and the other 391(79.15%) cases had abnormalities not only in ovary, but in fallopian tube and/or uterus. Conclusion: Infertility-related ovarian diseases have certain characteristics of MRI findings. 3.0T MRI is useful for comprehensive analysis of etiology in ovarian infertility. Combined with MR-HSG, it provides one-stop assessments of the pelvic factors in female infertility.
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Skin Ultrastructure and the Changes of HIF-2α, H-FABP Expression in the Myocardium of Electric Shock Death Rats. FA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2021; 37:158-165. [PMID: 34142475 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.400321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objective To observe the skin ultrastructure change of electric shock death rats and to test the expression changes of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) and heart type-fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) of myocardial cells, in order to provide basis for forensic identification of electric shock death. Methods The electric shock model of rats was established. The 72 rats were randomly divided into control group, electric shock death group and postmortem electric shock group. Each group was divided into three subgroups, immediate (0 min), 30 min and 60 min after death. The skin changes of rats were observed by HE staining, the changes of skin ultrastructure were observed by scanning electron microscopy, and the expression of HIF-2α and H-FABP in rats myocardium was tested by immunohistochemical staining. Results The skin in the electric shock death group and postmortem electric shock group had no significant difference through the naked eye or by HE staining. Under the scanning electron microscope, a large number of cellular debris, cells with unclear boundaries, withered cracks, circular or elliptical holes scattered on the cell surface and irregular edges were observed. A large number of spherical foreign body particles were observed. Compared with the control group, the expression of HIF-2α in all electric shock death subgroups increased, reaching the peak immediately after death. In the postmortem electric shock group, HIF-2α expression only increased immediately after death, but was lower than that of electric shock death group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression of H-FABP in all subgroups of electric shock death group and postmortem electric shock group significantly decreased. The expression of H-FABP in all subgroups of electric shock death group was lower than that of the postmortem electric shock group (P<0.05). Conclusion Electric shock can increase HIF-2α expression and decrease H-FABP expression in the myocardium, which may be of forensic significance for the determination of electric shock death and identification of antemortem and postmortem electric shock.
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[How I diagnose and treat acquired hemophilia A]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2021; 42:193-198. [PMID: 33910303 PMCID: PMC8081944 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Mitigation of acute radiation-induced brain injury in a mouse model using anlotinib. ANNALS OF PALLIATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 10:312-322. [PMID: 33545766 DOI: 10.21037/apm-20-2284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the development of radiological technologies, radiotherapy has been gradually widely used in the clinic to intracranial tumours and become standardised. However, the related central nervous system disorders are still the most obvious complications after radiotherapy. This study aims to quantify the effectiveness of anlotinib, a small molecule inhibitor of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases, in mitigating acute phase of radiation-induced brain injury (RBI) in a mouse model. METHODS The onset and progression of RBI were investigated in vivo. All mice, (except for the sham group) were irradiated at a single-fraction of 20 Gy and treated with different doses of anlotinib (0, 0.2 and 0.8 mg/kg, respectively). The expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and phosphorylated vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (p-VEGFR2) were assessed by western blot. Histological changes were identified by luxol fast blue (LFB) staining. RESULTS The expression levels of GFAP, HIF-1α, and VEGF were downregulated following treatment with anlotinib. However, anlotinib failed to inhibit the development of demyelination. Cerebral edema [as measured by brain water content (BWC)] was also mitigated following treatment with anlotinib. CONCLUSIONS In summary, treatment with anlotinib significantly mitigated the adverse effects of acute RBI in a dose-dependent manner by downregulating the activation of astrocytes, improving brain hypoxia, and alleviating cerebral edema.
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Chemosensory proteins participate in insecticide susceptibility in Rhopalosiphum padi, a serious pest on wheat crops. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 30:138-151. [PMID: 33188557 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rhopalosiphum padi is a worldwide agricultural pest. Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) are considered to be a type of transporters which can bind chemicals from external environments. Previous research showed that the expression of some insect CSPs were significantly increased after exposure to insecticides, and CSPs were involved in insecticide resistance or susceptibility. However, the role of CSPs in the susceptibility and response of R. padi to insecticides is still unknown. In this study, we identified eight CSP (RpCSP) from R. padi by genome-wide investigation. Seven RpCSP genes had two exons, while RpCSP7 had three exons. qPCR analyses showed that the mRNA levels of the eight RpCSP genes were significantly affected by imidacloprid and beta-cypermethrin in different post-treatment periods. Molecular docking predicted that there were hydrogen bonding sites which played key roles in binding of RpCSP4, RpCSP5, RpCSP6, RpCSP7 and RpCSP10 with imidacloprid and beta-cypermethrin. Knockdown of RpCSP4, RpCSP5, RpCSP6 and RpCSP10 by RNA interference significantly increased the aphid mortality under two sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid. Mortalities under two sublethal concentrations of beta-cypermethrin conditions were significantly higher after injection of R. padi with dsCSP4 and dsCSP6. The results indicate that some RpCSP genes are involved in the insecticide susceptibility of R. padi.
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[The clinical manifestations and risk factors in primary antiphospholipid syndrome with thrombocytopenia]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2021; 42:33-38. [PMID: 33677866 PMCID: PMC7957258 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
目的 分析伴血小板减少原发性抗磷脂综合征(PAPS)的临床特征、与血小板减少相关的危险因素以及疾病复发风险。 方法 回顾性分析2009年至2019年间于北京协和医院住院治疗的PAPS患者,比较血小板减少(PLT<100×109/L)和血小板正常患者的临床和实验室检查结果,分析血小板减少患者的临床特征和未来症状再发风险,并应用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析筛选血小板减少的危险因素。 结果 纳入127例PAPS患者,其中36例(28.3%)合并血小板减少,中位年龄38.0(28.5,51.5)岁,女性占63.9%(13/23),平均血小板计数为(58.9±27.0)×109/L。与血小板正常组(91例)相比,血小板减少组血栓及病理性妊娠发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),自身免疫性溶血性贫血(19.4%对3.3%)、网状青斑(16.7%对3.3%)、慢性肾脏病变(25%对8.8%)、抗磷脂(aPL)抗体三阳性(61.1%对37.4%)发生率均显著增加(P<0.05),补体C3、C4水平显著降低(C3 0.87 g/L对1.07 g/L,C4 0.12 g/L对0.18 g/L,P值均<0.05),中位改良APS总体评分(aGAPSS)显著升高(13分对9分,P=0.037)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,低补体血症(OR=5.032,95%CI 3.118~22.095)是发生血小板减少的危险因素。 结论 PAPS患者血小板减少多为轻中度降低。低补体血症是血小板减少的危险因素。伴血小板减少的PAPS患者再发风险较高。
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Efficacy and safety of short duration radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy for advanced rectal cancer. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:1524-1531. [PMID: 33728296 PMCID: PMC7942029 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i7.1524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy is widely used for the treatment of rectal cancer preoperatively. Although the combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy as an established preoperative neoadjuvant therapy shows high efficacy in the treatment of rectal cancer, some patients experience a response of poor tolerance and outcomes due to the long duration radiotherapy. The study compared short duration radiotherapy plus chemotherapy vs long duration radiotherapy plus chemotherapy for rectal cancer to determine whether short duration radiation treatment should be considered to diminish complications, reduce risk of recurrence and improve survival in patients with rectal cancer.
AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of short duration radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced rectal cancer.
METHODS One hundred patients with stage IIIB or higher severe rectal cancer were selected as the study subjects at The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University between December 2018 and December 2019. The patients were assigned to different groups based on the treatment regimens. Fifty patients who received preoperative short durations of radiotherapy plus chemotherapy were enrolled in an observation group and fifty patients who received conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy were enrolled in a control group. Colonoscopic biopsy was performed for all patients with pathological diagnosis of rectal cancer. The expression of tumor-related factors such as RUNX3 and Ki-67 was quantitatively analyzed using immunohistochemistry in the tissues of the patients before and after treatment. Moreover, the duration of procedure, the amount of bleeding during the operation, the anus-conserving rate, the incidence of postoperative complications (wound infection, anastomotic leakage, postoperative intestinal obstruction, etc.) and postoperative pathology were compared between the two groups. The overall survival rate, recurrence rate and distant metastasis rate were also compared through postoperative reexamination and regular follow-up.
RESULTS There was no significant difference in the positive expression rate of RUNX3 and Ki-67 between the two groups before the treatment (P > 0.05). Compared with the pretreatment value, the positive rate of RUNX3 was increased and the positive rate of Ki-67 was decreased in both groups after the treatment (all P < 0.05). The incidence of leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia and diarrhea were higher in the observation group than in the control group (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of anemia, fatigue, neurotoxicity and nausea and vomiting between the two groups (all P > 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the duration of procedure, intraoperative bleeding, the anus-conserving rate and the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). After 1 year of follow-up, the 1-yr survival rate was 80.0% in the observation group and 68.0% in the control group, the recurrence rate was 8.0% in the observation group and 10.0% in the control group, the distant metastasis rate was 6.0% in the observation group and 8.0% in the control group difference (all P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Short duration radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy can improve the cure rate, prolong the survival time and reduce the incidence of complications in patients with advanced rectal cancer.
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[Analysis of 123 Cases of Forensic Psychiatry Testimony of Individuals Suspected of Road Traffic Offences]. FA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2021; 36:784-790. [PMID: 33550726 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objective To explore the characteristics of individuals with mental disorders suspected of road traffic offences and to find their differences from normal offenders, in order to regulate mental disorder patients' driving activities and prevent road traffic offences. Methods One hundred and twenty-three cases of forensic psychiatry testimony of individuals suspected of road traffic offences between 2014 and 2019 from the West China Forensic Center of Sichuan Province were collected. Fisher exact probability test was used to compare the differences between offenders with mental disorders and without mental disorders in terms of demographic characteristics, criminological characteristics, psychiatric characteristics and criminal responsibilities. Results There was no statistical significance in the differences of demographic characteristics, vehicles and kinds of alcohol between the two groups (P>0.05). The main type of road traffic related crimes committed by offenders with mental disorders was risky driving and were mainly evaluated as partial criminal responsibility, whereas most offenders without mental disorders committed crime of causing traffic casualties and all were evaluated as full criminal responsibility. There was statistical significance in the differences of the types of crime and the criminal responsibility rating between the two groups (P<0.05). Meanwhile, patients with mental disorders were characterized by long course of disease and irregular treatment, and individuals diagnosed as having mental disorders caused by psychoactive substances accounted for a large proportion. Conclusion There are differences in the characteristics of road traffic-related crimes between mental disorder patients and normal people. It is of great practical significance for reducing road traffic offences to evaluate whether the individuals with mental disorders are fit for driving.
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[Mutation analysis and prenatal diagnosis of MYO7A gene in a case of Usher syndrome type 1]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2021; 101:122-126. [PMID: 33455127 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20201010-02801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and identify the causative gene of a case with congenital deafness. Methods: Detailed medical history and clinical examination of a 4-year-old male child with congenital deafness were conducted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University in June 2016. He was diagnosed with sensorineural deafness. The venous blood of the child and his parents was drawn, and genomic DNA was extracted. Proband's DNA was performed with targeted capture of high-throughput sequencing, then Sanger sequencing was used to verify the suspected mutation and segregation in this pedigree. According to the genetic diagnosis of the proband's deafness, ophthalmic examinations were performed. Genetic prenatal diagnosis was performed when the proband's mother was pregnant again. Results: The patient was detected with p.Trp1466Ter/p.Tyr2042Ter compound heterozygous mutations of MYO7A gene with targeted high-throughput sequencing. The mutation of p.Trp1466Ter was a reported mutation, while p.Tyr2042Ter has not been reported. In addition to congenital deafness, retinitis pigmentosa was also found by ophthalmologic examination, and the patient was clinically diagnosed with Usher syndrome type 1. Amniocentesis and fetal DNA sequencing were performed on the repregnancy fetus of this family at 18 weeks of gestation. The heterozygous mutation of MYO7A gene p.Tyr2042Ter was found, and the other allele was the wild type, indicating that the child will not exhibit clinical manifestations of Usher syndrome type 1. Indeed, the second child passed neonatal hearing screening. Conclusions: The clinical features and genetic variants were delineated in this family with Usher syndrome type 1. The results of the current study have enriched the phenotype and genotype data of the disease and provided a basis for genetic counseling.
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[Protective measures during tracheostomy for patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia: report of 4 cases]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2020; 55:1172-1174. [PMID: 33342135 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200306-00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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[Sub-cloud secondary evaporation effect of precipitation isotope in Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia region, China]. YING YONG SHENG TAI XUE BAO = THE JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY 2020; 31:3814-3822. [PMID: 33300732 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202011.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
During atmospheric precipitation, the evaporation of raindrops falling from the bottom of cloud layer to the ground and passing through unsaturated air, a process was called sub-cloud secondary evaporation, which will change the isotopic composition of precipitation. Using the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope method to understand the temporal and spatial variation of secondary evaporation effect under clouds and its causes is important to understand regional water cycle process. Based on hourly meteorological data of 187 meteorological stations in Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia region from March 2018 to February 2019, the spatial and temporal variations of evaporation surplus ratio (f) and precipitation excess deuterium variation (Δd) were analyzed using the improved Ste-wart model, and the relationships between f and meteorological elements and Δd were examined. The results showed that, at the hourly scale, the minimum values of f and Δd in all provinces of the region appeared in the daytime, and the maximum values appeared in the night, indicating that the secondary evaporation effect under the cloud was more obvious in the daytime. At the monthly scale, the monthly variation trend of f and Δd in each province was relatively consistent, with the minimum value appearing in the summer half year, and the maximum value appearing in the winter half year, indicating that the second evaporation effect under cloud was more significant in the summer half year. From the spatial perspective, the spatial variation of f and Δd values in the region was consistent with that at the seasonal scale. In spring, the eastern and western regions were larger while the central part was smaller. In summer, the northwest region was smaller, and other regions were larger. In autumn, it decreased from south to north. In winter, the central and southern regions were smaller, and the western and northeast regions were larger. The spatial differences of secondary evaporation effects under clouds in different seasons was significant. The slopes of the linear relationship between f and Δd in Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia provinces were all less than 1‰·%-1, which may be caused by the arid and semi-arid climate in this area. When air temperature was higher and the relative humidity, vapor pressure, precipitation and raindrop diameter were smaller, the value of Δd was smaller, and the secondary evaporation effect under the cloud was more obvious.
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[Characteristics of Stable Isotopes and Moisture Sources of Two Typical Precipitation Events in Lanzhou City]. HUAN JING KE XUE= HUANJING KEXUE 2020; 41:3993-4002. [PMID: 33124279 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201912142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To better understand the isotope variations on a short time scale, this study focused on a long-term rainfall event with light precipitation (June 26-27) and a short-term one with heavy precipitation (July 28) in Lanzhou City in the summer of 2019. Combined with HYSPLIT model, samples collected during a continuous precipitation event every 10 min and 30 min were analyzed to explore the characteristics and mechanism of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in precipitation. The results indicate that the effect of sub-cloud secondary evaporation makes the slope of the sequential meteoric water line (SMWL) smaller at the beginning of the rainfall event. Most of the continuous sampling points are distributed above the global meteoric water line (GMWL) and local meteoric water line (LMWL). Moreover, the deuterium excess is larger than the local average annual deuterium (8.13), indicating that the samples have experienced moisture recycling to a certain extent. During two consecutive days (June 26-27) of rainfall, the variations in oxygen isotope δ18O did not follow the effect of precipitation amount; the precipitation δ18O of the first day was "L" shaped, and it fluctuated the next day. On July 28, δ18O steadily decreased, and the range of δ18O exceeded 9‰. On June 26, the moisture transport path was short at the height of 500 m and on June 27 local evaporation was the main pathway. On July 28, with a relatively stable air mass, the moisture source of the entire precipitation event did not change significantly, neither did the isotope value. Therefore, for a single precipitation event on a short time scale, the difference in moisture sources is one of the reasons for isotope variations.
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[Establishment and application of a clustered management plan for pulmonary care of massive burn casualties]. ZHONGHUA SHAO SHANG ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA SHAOSHANG ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF BURNS 2020; 36:665-670. [PMID: 32829605 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200220-00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To establish a clustered management plan for pulmonary care of massive burn casualties (hereinafter referred to as the clustered management plan for pulmonary care), and to explore its application effects. Methods: (1) A clustered care intervention group was established, including the medical and nursing staff from the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Department of Respiratory Medicine, and Department of Infection Control at the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital (hereinafter referred to as our hospital). Four major links, including pulmonary care assessment, chest and lung physical therapy, artificial airway management, and specialized infection control were sorted out according to the key points and difficulties in pulmonary care for massive burn casualties. Evidence-based nursing methods were employed to retrieve articles related to the above-mentioned four links from PubMed, Chinese Journal Full-Text Database, VIP Database and Wanfang Data using terms of " mass burn, respiratory management and airway management" and terms of ",," , and the clustered management plan for pulmonary care was established based on reading and discussion in combination with clinical practice and experience. (2) In this non-randomized controlled study, the clustered management plan for pulmonary care was applied to 73 massive burn patients (48 males and 25 females, aged 32 (25, 38) years) who were admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to December 2019 and met the inclusion criteria, and they were included into the clustered care group; 43 massive burn patients (25 males and 18 females, aged 35 (17, 45) years) who were admitted to our hospital from January 2013 to December 2015, received routine care and met the inclusion criteria were retrospectively included into routine care group. The pulmonary infection rate and mortality of patients in the two groups were recorded during the hospital stay. Data were statistically analyzed with chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and independent sample t test. Results: (1) The clustered management plan for pulmonary care included a total of 12 specific measures covering four aspects of pulmonary care. The contents in pulmonary care assessment clearly stated to include the previous medical history, history of injury, respiratory status, hoarseness, pulmonary auscultation, etc. Chest and lung physical therapy included how to guide patients to effectively cough and do pursed lip breathing and abdominal breathing exercise, etc. Artificial airway management specified the preparation for the establishment of artificial airway at clinical reception, the observation index and frequency after tracheotomy, the method of humidification, the method and frequency of sputum suction, and the management of mechanical ventilation, etc. Specialized infection control required to strengthen hand hygiene and ventilator management. (2) The pulmonary infection rate and mortality of patients in the clustered care group were 2.74% (2/73) and 4.11% (3/73), respectively, significantly lower than 25.58% (11/43) and 18.60% (8/43) in routine care group (χ(2)=11.986, 5.043, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions: The clustered management plan for pulmonary care developed for massive burn casualties focuses on the major links and key points. The measures are systemic and comprehensive, simple but precise, and highly operable, covering the entire process of massive burn care, hereby reducing the pulmonary infection rate significantly and improving the success rate of treatment.
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[Association between perceived built environment attributes and adults' leisure-time physical activity in four cities of China]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2020; 41:1280-1285. [PMID: 32867436 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200227-00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the associations between perceived built environment attributes and adults' leisure-time physical activity in four cities of China. Methods: Multistage cluster random sampling method was used to select adults aged 25 to 64 in Hangzhou, Suzhou, Chengdu, and Qingdao. Data were collected from June 2017 to July 2018. The perception of the urban built environment was assessed by the neighborhood environment walkability scale-abbreviated (NEWS-A), and the physical activity was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Generalized linear mixed models were used to explore the relationship between the perceived built environment and leisure-time physical activities. Results: A total of 3 789 participants were included in the analysis. After adjusting for potential confounders, better access to public services (OR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.02-1.75) and higher aesthetic quality (OR=1.37, 95%CI: 1.09-1.73) were positively associated with the possibility of engaging in leisure-time physical activity in the past week. Similarly, these two attributes were positively associated with leisure-time walking. Higher scores on the perception of street connectivity were positively associated with leisure-time walking [exp(β)=1.09, 95%CI: 1.00-1.19]. Higher residential density [exp(β)=1.000 4, 95%CI:1.000 0-1.000 8], better access to physical activity destinations[exp(β)=1.09, 95%CI: 1.00-1.19], and better aesthetics [exp(β)=1.11, 95%CI:1.00-1.22] were associated with higher leisure-time physical activity. Similarly, these three attributes were positively associated with the possibility of meeting the WHO recommendations. Conclusion: Changing some urban built environment attributes may increase leisure-time physical activity.
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[Preliminary analysis of central paroxysmal positional vertigo]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2020; 55:754-759. [PMID: 32791773 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200616-00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the possible pathogenesis of central paroxysmal positional vertigo (CPPV) by analyzing its clinical manifestations and characteristics. Methods: The clinical data of 3 patients with CPPV, including 1 male and 2 females, aged 36, 14 and 70 years old respectively, were collected from the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from June 2014 to June 2018. The clinical symptoms, nystagmus, other central ocular motor abnormalities, MRI, PET-CT, and laboratory findings were analyzed retrospectively. Results: All patients showed transient vertigo and nystagmus induced by head changes relative to gravity, but the characteristics of nystagmus did not conform to the typical characteristics of nystagmus in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. None of patients response to repositioning maneuvers, and all patients presented with the signs of abnormal visual oculomotor system or other symptoms of central system. MRI, PET-CT and blood biochemical tests confirmed that the causes of CPPV in the patients were chronic hemorrhage, inflammation and paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. Although the etiology of the three cases is different, the lesion site is involved in the central velocity storage mechanism. Conclusion: The damage of central velocity storage mechanism may lead to the damage of feedback rotation signal correction pathway, and CPPV appears when the head position changes relative to gravity.
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