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Kim SY, Hong GS, Lee JH, Lee CW, Chung WJ, Kim S. Utility of cranial MRI in non-traumatic headache patients with prior negative head CT within 1 month. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:189-196. [PMID: 38092644 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the importance of additional cranial magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) in non-traumatic headache patients with a prior negative head computed tomography (CT) examination within 1 month. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study analysed 162 adult patients with non-traumatic headache who underwent cMRI within 1 month of a negative initial head CT at the emergency department (ED). The diagnostic yield and false-referral rate were analysed according to the revisit duration (early [≤1 week] versus late [>1-4 weeks] revisits), patient care settings (ED versus outpatient clinics [OPC]), and clinical variables. Subsequent patient management change (PMC), such as admission and treatment (AT) or outpatient clinic treatment (OT), were also investigated. RESULTS The overall diagnostic yield of cMRI was 17.3% (28/162) and the false-referral rate was 1.2% (2/162). The diagnostic yield of cMRI was significantly different according to the patient care settings (ED, 24.7% [21/85] versus OPC, 9.1% [7/77]; p=0.02). The diagnostic yield was highest in the ED-early-revisit group (25.4% [18/71]), 45% (9/20) in those with systemic signs, and 46.7% (14/30) in those with symptom change. Among patients with positive cMRI findings, 90% (27/30) received AT and 3.3% (1/30) received OT. Among OPC-revisit-negative cMRI patients, PMC occurred in 0% (0/50). CONCLUSION The diagnostic yield of cMRI was relatively high for headache patients who revisited the ED earlier, especially in those with systemic signs or symptom change. Most positive cMRI cases experienced PMC. Negative cMRI in OPC-revisit patients might help clarify the benign nature of a condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - G S Hong
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C W Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Chung
- Department of Health Screening and Promotion Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim HD, Chung BH, Yang CW, Kim SC, Kim KH, Kim SY, Kim KY, Lee J. Management of Immunosuppressive Therapy in Kidney Transplant Recipients with Sepsis: A Multicenter Retrospective Study. J Intensive Care Med 2024:8850666241231495. [PMID: 38321761 DOI: 10.1177/08850666241231495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to 6% of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) experience life-threatening complications requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and one of the most common medical complications requiring ICU admission is infection. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of immunosuppressive therapy (IST) modification on prognosis of KTRs with sepsis. METHODS We conducted a multicenter retrospective study in 4 university-affiliated hospitals to evaluate the effect of adjusting the IST in KTRs with sepsis. Only patients who either maintained IST after ICU admission or those who underwent immediate (within 24 h of ICU admission) reduction or withdrawal of IST following ICU admission were included in this study. "Any reduction" was defined as a dosage reduction of any IST or discontinuation of at least 1 IST. "Complete withdrawal of IST" was defined as concomitant discontinuation of all ISTs, except steroids. RESULTS During the study period, 1596 of the KTRs were admitted to the ICU, and 112 episodes of sepsis or septic shock were identified. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 35.7%. In-hospital mortality was associated with higher sequential organ failure assessment score, simplified acute physiology score 3, non-identical human leukocyte antigen relation, presence of septic shock, and complete withdrawal of IST. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, complete withdrawal of IST remained significantly associated with in-hospital mortality (adjusted coefficient, 1.029; 95% confidence interval, 0.024-2.035) and graft failure (adjusted coefficient, 2.001; 95% confidence interval, 0.961-3.058). CONCLUSIONS Complete IST withdrawal was common and associated with worse outcomes in critically ill KTRs with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Duk Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Ha Chung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul Woo Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seok Chan Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Hoon Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Shin Young Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Kyu Yean Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, South Korea
| | - Jongmin Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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Hwang I, Kim SY, Kim YY, Park JH. Widening disparities in the national prevalence of diabetes mellitus for people with disabilities in South Korea. Public Health 2024; 226:173-181. [PMID: 38071950 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In Korea, diabetes mellitus has a high disease burden, based on disability-adjusted life years. However, the disease burden is disproportionately distributed, with people with disabilities (PWD) experiencing higher rates of health disparities. Our study investigated long-term trends in diabetes prevalence and risk according to disability status, grade, and type. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS Approximately 10 million individuals aged ≥30 years were included yearly from the National Health Information Database (NHID) and national disability registration data in Korea between 2008 and 2017, corresponding to 40 % of those aged ≥30 years in Korea. In 2017, 12, 975, 757 individuals were included; 5.5 % had disabilities. We estimated annual diabetes age-standardized prevalence and used multiple logistic regression analyses to estimate the odds of having diabetes in 2017, according to disability status, severity, and type. RESULTS Diabetes age-standardized prevalence consistently increased over 2008-2017 in PWD and people without disabilities. However, the prevalence increased more rapidly and was higher in all years among PWD, with widening disparities based on disability status. Additionally, diabetes prevalence was high in all years for specific subgroups, including women, individuals with intellectual or mental disabilities or autism, and individuals with severe disabilities, suggesting further disparities among PWD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal health disparities between those with and without disabilities and among PWD subgroups. In addition to timely prevention, diabetes screening and management among PWD is vital. Public investment in improving disparities in the root causes of diabetes is essential, including health behaviours, healthcare utilization, and self-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hwang
- Division of Economic Research, The Seoul Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health & Science Convergence, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Y Kim
- Big Data Steering Department, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea; Drug Evaluation Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Park
- Institute of Health & Science Convergence, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
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Kim SY, Lee SW, Baek A, Park KN. Comparison between Real-Time Ultrasound-guided Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy and Surgical Tracheostomy in critically ill Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 16:388-394. [PMID: 37752796 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2023.01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tracheostomy is an important procedure for critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), and percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) has gained popularity due to its safety and effectiveness. However, there are limited data comparing ultrasound-guided PDT (US-PDT) with surgical tracheostomy (ST). In our previous study, we reported that US-PDT had similar safety and effectiveness to ST, with a shorter procedure time. However, the study design was retrospective, and the sample size was small. Therefore, we conducted a randomized controlled trial to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of US-PDT compared to ST. METHODS A total of 70 patients who underwent either US-PDT (n=35) or ST (n=35) were enrolled in the study between October 20, 2020 and July 26, 2022. The patients were randomly assigned to their respective procedures. The data collected included patient clinical characteristics, procedure time and details, complications, duration of ICU stay, time taken for weaning from mechanical ventilation, and hospital mortality. RESULTS The procedure time of US-PDT was shorter than that of ST (4.0±2.2 minutes vs. 10.1±4.6 minutes). The incision length of US-PDT was also shorter than that of ST (1.5±0.5 cm vs. 1.8±0.4 cm). There were no statistically significant differences in demographics, procedure details, complications, length of ICU stay, ventilator weaning time, and hospital mortality. CONCLUSION US-PDT has a similar complication rate and shorter procedure time compared with ST. It can be safely and effectively performed in critically ill patients and can serve as a potential alternative to ST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Seung Won Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Aerin Baek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Ki Nam Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
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Yeob KE, Kim SY, Kim YY, Park JH. Nationwide prevalence and trends in cigarette smoking among adult men with and without disabilities in South Korea between 2009 and 2017. Public Health 2023; 222:92-99. [PMID: 37536197 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Current smoking rates for people with and without disabilities vary among countries. This study analyzed smoking behavior over 9 years in adult South Korean men with disabilities, according to disability severity and type, and in those without disabilities. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. METHODS This analysis was conducted using national disability registration data and national general health checkup data for 2009-2017. Age-standardized smoking behaviors were analyzed for each year according to the presence, severity, and type of disability. The odds of current smoking were determined by multivariate logistic regression after adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical variables. RESULTS The age-standardized smoking rate and average number of cigarettes for men with mild disabilities in the younger age group were 1.16 (43.0 vs 36.8%) and 1.05 (16.1 vs 15.3 cigarettes) times higher than in non-disabled men as of 2017. The highest smoking rate was observed in men with physical disabilities in the younger age. In the older age group, the highest smoking rate was that of men with intellectual or psychological disabilities. CONCLUSION Smoking behaviors remained poorest in men with disabilities, especially those with mild, physical, and intellectual/psychological disabilities. Public health policies should focus on people with disabilities to promote health, prevent secondary conditions, and reduce health disparities by implementing antismoking health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Yeob
- College of Medicine/Institute of Health & Science Convergence, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea; Chungbuk Tobacco Control Center, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- College of Medicine/Institute of Health & Science Convergence, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea; Chungbuk Tobacco Control Center, Cheongju, South Korea; Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Y Y Kim
- Big Data Steering Department, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea; Drug Evaluation Department, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Park
- College of Medicine/Institute of Health & Science Convergence, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea; Chungbuk Tobacco Control Center, Cheongju, South Korea.
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Kim YH, Park MR, Kim SY, Kim MY, Kim KW, Sohn MH. Respiratory microbiome profiles are associated with distinct inflammatory phenotype and lung function in children with asthma. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2023:0. [PMID: 37260034 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory microbiome studies have fostered our understanding of various phenotypes and endotypes of heterogeneous asthma. However, the relationship between the respiratory microbiome and clinical phenotypes in children with asthma remains unclear. We aimed to identify microbiome-driven clusters reflecting the clinical features of asthma and their dominant microbiotas in children with asthma. METHODS Induced sputum was collected from children with asthma, and microbiome profiles were generated via sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Cluster analysis was performed using the partitioning around medoid clustering method. The dominant microbiota in each cluster was determined using the Linear Discriminant Effect Size analysis. Each cluster was analyzed for association among the dominant microbiota, clinical phenotype, and inflammatory cytokine. RESULTS Eighty-three children diagnosed with asthma were evaluated. Among four clusters reflecting the clinical characteristics of asthma, cluster 1, dominated by Haemophilus and Neisseria, demonstrated lower post-bronchodilator (BD) forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) than that in the other clusters and more mixed granulocytic asthma. Neisseria negatively correlated with pre-BD and post-BD FEV1/FVC. Haemophilus and Neisseria positively correlated with programmed death-ligand (PD-L)1. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this study is the first to analyze the relationship between an unbiased microbiome-driven cluster and clinical phenotype in children with asthma. The cluster dominated by Haemophilus and Neisseria showed fixed airflow obstruction and mixed granulocytic asthma, which correlated with PD-L1 levels. Thus, microbiome-driven unbiased clustering can help identify new asthma phenotypes related to endotypes in childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul
- Institute of Allergy, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - M R Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul
- Institute of Allergy, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S Y Kim
- Institute of Allergy, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Seoul
| | - M Y Kim
- Institute of Allergy, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
- Department of Pediatrics, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, Korea
| | - K W Kim
- Institute of Allergy, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Seoul
| | - M H Sohn
- Institute of Allergy, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Seoul
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Jang YS, Kim SS, Shin HC, Choi SY, Park CH, Lee HN, Kim SY, Park H, Kim YT. Various congenital anomalies and anatomical variations of the spleen: a multimodality pictorial review. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2023; 48:1505-1513. [PMID: 36790453 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-03826-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
There are various congenital anomalies and anatomical variations of the spleen (CAAVS). CAAVS are common and are often associated with systemic anomalies. Widespread use of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in a variety of clinical situations has increased the detection of CAAVS. However, CAAVS are frequently overlooked and are occasionally misdiagnosed as pathologic disease entities. This article aimed to review the various manifestations of CAAVS with radiologic findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sil Jang
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, 31 Soonchunhyang6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Soo Kim
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, 31 Soonchunhyang6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 330-721, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeong Cheol Shin
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, 31 Soonchunhyang6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Youn Choi
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Ho Park
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, 31 Soonchunhyang6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Nam Lee
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, 31 Soonchunhyang6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Young Kim
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, 31 Soonchunhyang6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerim Park
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, 31 Soonchunhyang6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Tong Kim
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, 31 Soonchunhyang6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 330-721, Republic of Korea
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Park SJ, Kim H, Piao M, Kang HJ, Fassah DM, Jung DJS, Kim SY, Na SW, Beak SH, Jeong IH, Yoo SP, Hong SJ, Lee DH, Lee SH, Haque MN, Shin DJ, Kwon JA, Jo C, Baik M. Effects of genomic estimated breeding value and dietary energy to protein ratio on growth performance, carcass trait, and lipogenic gene expression in Hanwoo steer. Animal 2023; 17:100728. [PMID: 36870258 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
"Genome-based precision feeding" is a concept that involves the application of customised diets to different genetic groups of cattle. We investigated the effects of the genomic estimated breeding value (gEBV) and dietary energy to protein ratio (DEP) on growth performance, carcass traits, and lipogenic gene expression in Hanwoo (Korean cattle) steers. Forty-four Hanwoo steers (BW = 636 kg, age = 26.9 months) were genotyped using the Illumina Bovine 50 K BeadChip. The gEBV was calculated using genomic best linear unbiased prediction. Animals were separated into high gEBV of marbling score or low-gMS groups based on the upper and lower 50% groupings of the reference population, respectively. Animals were assigned to one of four groups in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement: high gMS/high DEP (0.084 MJ/g), high gMS/low DEP (0.079 MJ/g), low gMS/high DEP, and low gMS/low DEP. Steers were fed concentrate with a high or low DEP for 31 weeks. The BW tended to be higher (0.05 < P < 0.1) in the high-gMS groups compared to the low-gMS groups at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 20 weeks. The average daily gain (ADG) tended to be lower (P = 0.08) in the high-gMS group than in the low-gMS group. Final BW and measured carcass weight (CW) were positively correlated with the gEBV of carcass weight (gCW). The DEP did not affect ADG. Neither the gMS nor the DEP affected the MS and beef quality grade. The intramuscular fat (IMF) content in the longissimus thoracis (LT) tended to be higher (P = 0.08) in the high-gMS groups than in the low-gMS groups. The mRNA levels of lipogenic acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid binding protein 4 genes in the LT were higher (P < 0.05) in the high-gMS group than in the low-gMS group. Overall, the IMF content tended to be affected by the gMS, and the genetic potential (i.e., gMS) was associated with the functional activity of lipogenic gene expression. The gCW was associated with the measured BW and CW. The results demonstrated that the gMS and the gCW may be used as early prediction indexes for meat quality and growth potential of beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - M Piao
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - D M Fassah
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - D J S Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Na
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Beak
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - I H Jeong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S P Yoo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Hong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - M N Haque
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - D-J Shin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - J A Kwon
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - C Jo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institutes of Green Bio Science Technology, Pyeongchang-daero, Daehwa-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - M Baik
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institutes of Green Bio Science Technology, Pyeongchang-daero, Daehwa-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon 25354, Republic of Korea.
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Kim N, Song JY, Yang H, Kim MJ, Lee K, Shin YH, Rhee SY, Hwang J, Kim MS, Fond G, Boyer L, Kim SY, Shin JI, Lee SW, Yon DK. National trends in suicide-related behaviors among youths between 2005-2020, including COVID-19: a Korean representative survey of one million adolescents. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:1192-1202. [PMID: 36808368 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202302_31226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is difficult to conclude that COVID-19 is associated with a decrease in the suicide attempts rate by comparing only a short-term period. Therefore, it is necessary to examine attempted suicide rates through a trend analysis over a longer period. This study aimed to investigate an estimated long-term trend regarding the prevalence of suicide-related behaviors among adolescents in South Korea from 2005 to 2020, including COVID-19. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We sourced data from a national representative survey (Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey) and analyzed one million Korean adolescents aged 13 to 18 years (n=1,057,885) from 2005 to 2020. The 16-year trends regarding the prevalence of sadness or despair and suicidal ideation and attempt and the trend changes before and during COVID-19. RESULTS Data of 1,057,885 Korean adolescents was analyzed (weighted mean age, 15.03 years; males, 52.5%; females, 47.5%). Although the 16-year trend in the prevalence of sadness or despair and suicide ideation and attempt consistently decreased (prevalence of sadness or despair between 2005-2008, 38.0% with 95% confidence interval [CI], 37.7 to 38.4 vs. prevalence in 2020, 25.0% [24.5 to 25.6]; suicide ideation between 2005-2008, 21.9% [21.6 to 22.1] vs. prevalence in 2020, 10.7% [10.3 to 11.1]; and suicide attempt between 2005-2008, 5.0% [4.9 to 5.2] vs. prevalence in 2020, 1.9% [1.8 to 2.0]), the downward slope decreased during COVID-19 (βdiff in sadness, 0.215 with 95% CI 0.206 to 0.224; βdiff in suicidal ideation, 0.245 [0.234 to 0.256]; and βdiff in suicide attempt, 0.219 [0.201 to 0.237]) compared with pre-pandemic period. CONCLUSIONS This study found that the observed risk of suicide-related behaviors during the pandemic was higher than expected through long-term trend analysis of the prevalence of sadness/despair and suicidal ideation and attempts among South Korean adolescents. We need a profound epidemiologic study of the change in mental health due to the pandemic's impact and the establishment of prevention strategies for suicide ideation and attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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10
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Oh CR, Kim JE, Lee JS, Kim SY, Kim TW, Choi J, Kim J, Park IJ, Lim SB, Park JH, Kim JH, Choi MK, Cha Y, Baek JY, Beom SH, Hong YS. Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy With Capecitabine With or Without Temozolomide in Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Prospective, Randomised Phase II Study Stratified by O 6-Methylguanine DNA Methyltransferase Status: KCSG-CO17-02. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2023; 35:e143-e152. [PMID: 36376167 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2022.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the clinical efficacy of adding temozolomide (TMZ) to preoperative capecitabine (CAP)-based chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and validate O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation status as a predictive marker for TMZ combined regimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS LARC patients with clinical stage II (cT3-4N0) or III (cTanyN+) disease were enrolled. They were stratified into unmethylated MGMT (uMGMT) and methylated MGMT (mMGMT) groups by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction before randomisation and were then randomly assigned (1:1) to one of four treatment arms: uMGMT/CAP (arm A), uMGMT/TMZ + CAP (arm B), mMGMT/CAP (arm C) and mMGMT/TMZ + CAP (arm D). The primary end point was the pathological complete response (pCR) rate. RESULTS Between November 2017 and July 2020, 64 patients were randomised. Slow accrual caused early study termination. After excluding four ineligible patients, 60 were included in the full analysis set. The pCR rate was 15.0% (9/60), 0%, 14.3%, 18.8% and 26.7% for the entire cohort, arms A, B, C and D, respectively (P = 0.0498 between arms A and D). The pCR rate was 9.7% in the CAP group (arms A + C), 20.7% in the TMZ + CAP group (arms B + D), 6.9% in the uMGMT group (arms A + B) and 22.6% in the mMGMT group (arms C + D). Grade 1-2 nausea or vomiting was significantly more frequent in the TMZ + CAP treatment groups (arms B + D) than in the CAP treatment groups (arms A + C, P < 0.001) with no difference in grade 3 adverse events. There were no grade 4 or 5 adverse events. CONCLUSION The addition of TMZ to CAP-based chemoradiotherapy tended to improve pCR rates, particularly in those with mMGMT LARC. MGMT status may warrant further investigation as a predictive biomarker for chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Oh
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J E Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Clinical Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T W Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Choi
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - I J Park
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-B Lim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M K Choi
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Cha
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Baek
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Beom
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Hong
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Ban CY, Shin H, Eum S, Yon H, Lee SW, Choi YS, Shin YH, Shin JU, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Smith L, Min C, Yeniova AÖ, Kim SY, Lee J, Yeo SG, Kwon R, Koo MJ, Fond G, Boyer L, Acharya KP, Kim S, Woo HG, Park S, Shin JI, Rhee SY, Yon DK. 17-year trends of body mass index, overweight, and obesity among adolescents from 2005 to 2021, including the COVID-19 pandemic: a Korean national representative study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:1565-1575. [PMID: 36876712 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202302_31399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a lack of pediatric studies that have analyzed trends in mean body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of obesity and overweight over a period that includes the mid-stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, we aimed to investigate trends in BMI, overweight, and obesity among Korean adolescents from 2005 to 2021, including the COVID-19 pandemic. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We used data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS), which is nationally representative of South Korea. The study included middle- and high-school students between the ages of 12 and 18. We examined trends in mean BMI and prevalence of obesity and/or overweight during the COVID-19 pandemic and compared these to those of pre-pandemic trends in each subgroup by gender, grade, and residential region. RESULTS Data from 1,111,300 adolescents (mean age: 15.04 years) were analyzed. The estimated weighted mean BMI was 20.48 kg/m2 (95% CI, 20.46-20.51) between 2005 and 2007, and this was 21.61 kg/m2 (95% CI, 21.54-21.68) in 2021. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 13.1% (95% CI, 12.9-13.3%) between 2005 and 2007 and 23.4% (95% CI, 22.8-24.0%) in 2021. The mean BMI and prevalence of obesity and overweight have gradually increased over the past 17 years; however, the extent of change in mean BMI and in the prevalence of obesity and overweight during the pandemic was distinctly less than before. The 17-year trends in the mean BMI, obesity, and overweight exhibited a considerable rise from 2005 to 2021; however, the slope during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021) was significantly less prominent than in the pre-pandemic (2005-2019). CONCLUSIONS These findings enable us to comprehend long-term trends in the mean BMI of Korean adolescents and further emphasize the need for practical prevention measures against youth obesity and overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Ban
- Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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12
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Ryoo JA, Kim SY. Incidental Extramammary Findings on Preoperative Breast MRI in Breast Cancer Patients: A Pictorial Essay. J Korean Soc Radiol 2023; 84:372-385. [PMID: 37051390 PMCID: PMC10083632 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2022.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers and causes several complications in females. Currently, MRI is a necessary method for preoperative studies in patients with breast cancer. A high frequency of breast MRI can lead to an increase in the number of incidental extramammary findings. Moreover, it can provide accurate preoperative workup; therefore, the prognosis of patients can be improved. Herein, we provide several extramammary findings, including the mediastinum, lung, upper abdomen, bone, and soft tissue, correlating with US, chest CT, liver MRI, PET-CT, and bone scan.
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13
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Kim SY, Simone S, Kishk OA, Graciano AL, Seung H, Edwards S. Chlorpromazine as Treatment for Refractory Agitation Associated with Pediatric Delirium. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 2022; 27:725-731. [DOI: 10.5863/1551-6776-27.8.725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Delirium and agitation can be devastating and prolong the length of hospitalization. As part of our continuous improvement efforts, we implemented the use of intermittent chlorpromazine therapy to target refractory agitation associated with hyperactive or mixed delirium (RAA-D). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of chlorpromazine on RAA-D and delirium symptoms as well as any adverse effects in critically ill children.
METHODS
Retrospective chart review was conducted for children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit who were treated with chlorpromazine for RAA-D from March 2017 to January 2019. The primary end point was to determine differences in Cornell Assessment for Pediatric Delirium (CAPD) and State Behavioral Scale (SBS) scores 24 hours before and after chlorpromazine administration. The secondary end points were the 24-hour cumulative dosing of narcotic and sedative agents before and after chlorpromazine administration and adverse events associated with chlorpromazine use.
RESULTS
Twenty-six patients were treated with chlorpromazine for RAA-D; 16 (61.5%) were male with a median age of 14.5 months (IQR, 6–48). The mean CAPD (n = 24) and median SBS (n = 23) scores were significantly lower 24 hours after chlorpromazine use when compared to baseline scores, 12 vs 8.9 (p = 0.0021) and 1 vs −1, (p = 0.0005) respectively. No significant adverse effects were observed.
CONCLUSIONS
Chlorpromazine use in critically ill children with RAA-D was helpful for managing symptoms without adverse events. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the use of chlorpromazine to treat RAA-D to avoid long-term use of an antipsychotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacy (SYK), University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD
| | - Shari Simone
- Department of Pediatrics (SS, ALG), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Omayma A. Kishk
- Department of Pharmacy (OAK), University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ana Lia Graciano
- Department of Pediatrics (SS, ALG), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hyunuk Seung
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science (HS), University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sarah Edwards
- Department of Psychiatry (SE), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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14
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Lee R, Cho SY, Lee DG, Ahn H, Choi H, Choi SM, Choi JK, Choi JH, Kim SY, Kim YJ, Lee HJ. Risk factors and clinical impact of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis: Multicenter retrospective cohort study. Korean J Intern Med 2022; 37:851-863. [PMID: 35611611 PMCID: PMC9271713 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2022.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The risk factors and clinical impacts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) remain controversial, and no data have been reported in Korea. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and importance of CAPA diagnostic efforts and to identify the predictors of CAPA and the impacts on clinical outcomes. METHODS Between January 2020 and May 2021, data of severely to critically ill COVID-19 patients were extracted from seven hospitals of the Catholic Medical Center through a clinical data warehouse. Corticosteroid use was subcategorized into total cumulative dose, early 7-day dose, mean daily dose, and duration of use. RESULTS A total of 2,427 patients were screened, and 218 patients were included. CAPA was diagnosed in 4.6% (10/218) of all hospitalized and 11.2% (10/89) of intensive care unit patients. Total cumulative dose (over 1,000 mg as methylprednisolone) and daily high-dose corticosteroid use (over 60 mg/day) were independent predictors but not early 7-day high-dose corticosteroid use (over 420 mg/week) (odds ratio [OR], 1.731; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.350 to 8.571) nor prolonged use (OR, 2.794; 95% CI, 0.635 to 13.928). In-hospital overall mortality was 11.9% (26 of 218). CAPA itself did not affect the outcome; rather, daily high-dose steroid use significantly increased the 30-day mortality (hazard ratio, 5.645; 95% CI, 1.225 to 26.091). CONCLUSION CAPA was not uncommon, especially in critically ill patients. Daily high-dose corticosteroid use was the predictor of CAPA and associated with high mortality rates. High-dose corticosteroids use after early inflammatory phase should be avoided, and active surveillance methods for CAPA are essential for those high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raeseok Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sung-Yeon Cho
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Hyojin Ahn
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Hyeah Choi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Su-Mi Choi
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Jae-Ki Choi
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon,
Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Choi
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Shin Young Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon,
Korea
| | - Youn Jeong Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon,
Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Lee
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
Korea
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu,
Korea
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15
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Lee MK, Kim KN, Jeong MA, Kim SY, Oh MS, Kwon BS. Facemask ventilation and vocal cord angle following neuromuscular blockade: a prospective observational study . Anaesthesia 2022; 77:1010-1017. [PMID: 35727620 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies support the idea that neuromuscular blockade facilitates facemask ventilation after induction of anaesthesia. Although improved airway patency or pulmonary compliance and a resolution of laryngospasm have been suggested as possible causes, the exact mechanism remains unclear. We aimed to assess whether neuromuscular blockade improves facemask ventilation and to clarify whether this phenomenon is associated with the vocal cord angle. This prospective observational study included patients aged between 20 and 65 years scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia. After induction of anaesthesia, patients' lungs were ventilated with pressure-controlled ventilation using a facemask. During facemask ventilation, a flexible bronchoscope was inserted through a self-sealing diaphragm at the elbow connector attached to the facemask and breathing circuit and positioned to allow a continuous view of the vocal cords. The mean tidal volume and vocal cord angle were measured before and after administration of neuromuscular blocking drugs. Of 108 patients, 100 completed the study. Mean (SD) tidal volume ((11.0 (3.9) ml.kg-1 vs. 13.6 (2.6) ml.kg-1 ; p < 0.001) and mean (SD) vocal cord angle (17° (10°) vs. 26° (5°); p < 0.001) increased significantly after neuromuscular blockade. The proportional increase in mean tidal volume after neuromuscular blockade was positively correlated with vocal cord angle (Spearman's ρ = 0.803; p < 0.001). In conclusion, neuromuscular blockade facilitated facemask ventilation, and the improvement was correlated with further opening of the vocal cords.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Lee
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K N Kim
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M A Jeong
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M S Oh
- College of Medicine, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B S Kwon
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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16
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Abstract
Exposed dental pulp can maintain its vitality through a pulp-capping procedure with biocompatible materials, followed by reparative dentin formation. Our previous study demonstrated that a vitronectin-derived peptide (VnP-16) promotes osteoblast differentiation and concomitantly restrains osteoclast differentiation and resorptive function. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate that VnP-16 promotes odontoblast differentiation, mineralization, and reparative dentin formation in a pulp exposure model using a rat tooth. VnP-16 showed no cytotoxicity and promoted cellular behavior in human dental pulp cells, enhancing their differentiation into odontoblast-like cells and mineralization, effects that are comparable to those obtained with vitronectin. In a rat pulp exposure model, VnP-16 showed mild inflammatory responses at 2 and 4 wk or none. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) demonstrated a tendency of early formation of reparative dentin at 2 wk when compared with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) and VnP-16. However, VnP-16 induced reparative dentin formation similar to MTA and rhBMP-2 without inflammation at 4 wk. In addition, VnP-16 showed a thicker and homogeneous reparative dentin formation versus MTA and rhBMP-2. Collectively, these results suggest that VnP-16 can be a useful, direct pulp-capping agent for highly qualified reparative dentin formation by promoting cell behavior and odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Park
- Department of Oral Biochemistry and Program in Cancer and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Conservative Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - M Song
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheon-An, Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - B M Min
- Department of Oral Biochemistry and Program in Cancer and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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17
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Shin JI, Kim SE, Lee MH, Kim MS, Lee SW, Park S, Shin YH, Yang JW, Song JM, Moon SY, Kim SY, Park Y, Suh DI, Yang JM, Cho SH, Jin HY, Hong SH, Won HH, Kronbichler A, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Hwang J, Tizaoui K, Lee KH, Kim JH, Yon DK, Smith L. COVID-19 susceptibility and clinical outcomes in autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIRDs): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:3760-3770. [PMID: 35647859 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202205_28873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aims to assess the susceptibility to and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease (AIRD) and following AIRD drug use. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included observational and case-controlled studies assessing susceptibility and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with AIRD as well as the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 with or without use of steroids and conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs). RESULTS Meta-analysis including three studies showed that patients with AIRD are not more susceptible to COVID-19 compared to patients without AIRD or the general population (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.58 to 2.14). Incidence of severe outcomes of COVID-19 (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 0.76 to 2.35) and COVID-19 related death (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.68 to 2.16) also did not show significant difference. The clinical outcomes of COVID-19 among AIRD patients with and without csDMARD or steroid showed that both use of steroid (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 0.96 to 2.98) or csDMARD (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 0.63 to 3.08) had no effect on clinical outcomes of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS AIRD does not increase susceptibility to COVID-19, not affecting the clinical outcome of COVID-19. Similarly, the use of steroids or csDMARDs for AIRD does not worsen the clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) has several aetiologies and may be a presenting symptom of vestibular schwannoma (VS). OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the recovery rate after steroid treatment and the prognostic factors of SSNHL with VS. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective observational study wherein 32 patients with VS who presented with SSNHL were analysed at a tertiary referral centre. Hearing gain and prognostic factors were the main outcome measures for steroid treatment intervention. RESULTS Among the 1698 patients presenting with SSNHL, VS was found in 43 (2.5%) patients. Eleven cases (34.3%) showed good recovery, with significant improvements in the pure-tone audiometry values. Even though age was a significant factor, there were no associations between steroid response and initial hearing level, presence of vertigo, tumour size, and tumour extension. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE Our study showed that hearing recovery of SSNHL does not exclude a VS diagnosis. We suggest that steroid treatment be considered in patients with VS presenting SSNHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se A Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjeong Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Dae Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
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19
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Kim SH, Park YM, Han K, Ko SH, Kim SY, Song SH, Kim CH, Hur KY, Kim SK. Association of weight change following smoking cessation with the risk of tuberculosis development: A nationwide population-based cohort study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266262. [PMID: 35390038 PMCID: PMC8989195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Smoking or weight loss is a risk of tuberculosis (TB) development. However, the impact of weight change after smoking cessation on the occurrence of TB remains elusive. We aimed to determine the relationship between weight change after smoking cessation and the risk of TB development. Methods We conducted a population-based cohort study using the national database in Republic of Korea. Of the 10,490,491 subjects who underwent health check-up in 2009, we enrolled 9,953,124 subjects without a previous TB history and followed them until 2017. We divided all study participants into the following three groups: never, former, and current smokers. The primary endpoint was newly developed TB. Results Among 9,953,124 subjects analyzed, 5,922,845 (59.5%) were never smokers, 1,428,209 (14.4%) were former smokers, and 2,602,080 (26.1%) were current smokers. The risk of TB development was significantly higher in current smokers than in never smokers (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.158; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.131–1.186). Among current smokers, individuals who stopped smoking and maintained weight after baseline evaluation had a significantly lower risk of TB development compared with those who continued to smoke (aHR 0.771; 95% CI 0.741–0.892). However, even after smoking cessation, individuals who lost weight were at a significantly higher risk of TB development compared with those who continued to smoke (aHR 1.327; 95% CI 1.119–1.715). Conclusions Our findings suggest that smoking is a risk factor for TB and weight maintenance (neither gaining or losing) after quitting smoking might reduce the risk of TB development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hoon Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yong-Moon Park
- Department of Epidemiology, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Ko
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Shin Young Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - So Hyang Song
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Chi Hong Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kyu Yeon Hur
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Kyoung Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Kim KE, Kim SY, Ko EY. MRI Findings Suggestive of Metastatic Axillary Lymph Nodes in Patients with Invasive Breast Cancer. J Korean Soc Radiol 2022; 83:620-631. [PMID: 36238525 PMCID: PMC9514532 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2021.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of features suggestive of nodal metastasis on preoperative MRI in patients with invasive breast cancer. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the preoperative breast MRI of 192 consecutive patients with surgically proven invasive breast cancer. We analyzed MRI findings of axillary lymph nodes with regard to the size, long/short ratio, cortical thickness, shape and margin of the cortex, loss of hilum, asymmetry, signal intensity (SI) on T2-weighted images (T2WI), degree of enhancement in the early phase, and enhancement kinetics. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, chi-square test, t test, and McNemar’s test were used for statistical analysis. Results Increased shorter diameter, uneven cortical shape, increased cortical thickness, loss of hilum, asymmetry, irregular cortical margin, and low SI on T2WI were significantly suggestive of metastasis. ROC analysis revealed the cutoff value for the shorter diameter and cortical thickness as 8.05 mm and 2.75 mm, respectively. Increased cortical thickness (> 2.75 mm) and uneven cortical shape showed significantly higher sensitivity than other findings in McNemar’s test. Irregular cortical margins showed the highest specificity (100%). Conclusion Cortical thickness > 2.75 mm and uneven cortical shape are more sensitive parameters than other findings, and an irregular cortical margin is the most specific parameter for predicting axillary metastasis in patients with invasive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Eun Kim
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin Young Kim
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Eun Young Ko
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim S, Kim SY, Rho SJ, Kim SH, Song SH, Kim CH, Lee H, Kim SK. Biocompatible N-acetyl-nanoconstruct alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in vivo. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22662. [PMID: 34811378 PMCID: PMC8608841 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01624-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays important roles in inflammatory responses during acute lung injury (ALI). Recently, nanoconstruct (Nano)-based drug-delivery systems have shown promise in many models of inflammation. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) loaded in a biocompatible Nano using a rat model of ALI. We synthesized a Nano with a good NAC-releasing capacity using porous silica Nano, which was used to produce Nano/NAC complexes. For in vivo experiments, Sprague–Dawley rats were intraperitoneally administered NAC or Nano/NAC 30 min after intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide. After 6 h, bronchoalveolar lavage fluids and lung tissues were collected. The anti-oxidative effect of the Nano/NAC complex was confirmed by demonstrating reduced levels of reactive oxygen species after treatment with the Nano/NAC in vitro. In vivo experiments also showed that the Nano/NAC treatment may protect against LPS‐induced ALI thorough anti‐oxidative and anti‐inflammatory effects, which may be attributed to the inactivation of the NF‐κB and MAPK pathways. In addition, the effects of Nano/NAC treatment were shown to be superior to those of NAC alone. We suggest the therapeutic potential of Nano/NAC treatment as an anti‐inflammatory agent against ALI. Furthermore, our study can provide basic data for developing nanotechnology-based pharmacotherapeutics for ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongchan Kim
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Young Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93 Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Joon Rho
- Research Institute of Medical Science, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93 Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hyang Song
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93 Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hong Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93 Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin Lee
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Kyoung Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93 Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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Kim TM, Cho JY, Kim SY, Kim SH. Diagnostic accuracy of the jetting sign and a dilatation ratio of left renal vein in CT urography for detecting anterior nutcracker syndrome. Clin Radiol 2021; 76:510-518. [PMID: 33736881 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT) urography findings of anterior nutcracker syndrome (NCS). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included patients with left renal vein (LRV) compression at the aortomesenteric portion at CT urography who underwent renal venography or cystoscopy. Patients with a renocaval pressure gradient of ≥3 mmHg on renal venography or bloody urine jetting from the left ureteral orifice on cystoscopy were defined as the NCS group; the remaining patients comprised the non-NCS group. CT findings were analysed using the jetting of contrast medium flow from the LRV to the inferior vena cava (jetting sign), aortomesenteric distance, presence of collateral veins, and a dilatation ratio of LRV diameter at the aortomesenteric portion (arterial phase/delayed phases). Clinical findings, including age, gender, and body-mass-index, were also analysed. CT features and clinical findings were compared between the NCS and non-NCS groups. Diagnostic performance of CT parameters was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS A total of 70 patients (21 men, mean age 44.4 ± 17.2 years) with NCS (n=13) and non-NCS (n=57) were included. Younger age (<40 years), presence of the jetting sign, and a lower dilatation ratio of LRV diameter between the arterial and delayed phases (<1.7) were found to be significant independent factors for predicting the NCS group (OR 24.5, 18.9, 19.4, respectively, p<0.05 for all). The combination of the presence of the jetting sign and a dilatation ratio of LRV diameter of <1.7 obtained the highest AUC of 0.88. CONCLUSION The jetting sign and the dilatation ratio of LRV diameter between the arterial and delayed phases can both be very useful in the diagnosis of anterior nutcracker syndrome during CT urography.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Cho
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine and Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine and Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
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Ko YM, Ko SH, Han K, Park YM, Choi JY, Kim SY, Song SH, Kim CH, Kim SK. Importance of Awareness and Treatment for Diabetes in Influenza Vaccination Coverage of Diabetic Patients under 65 Years: A Population-Based Study. Diabetes Metab J 2021; 45:55-66. [PMID: 32602274 PMCID: PMC7850874 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2019.0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza is a global public health problem causing considerable morbidity and mortality. Although vaccination is the most effective way to prevent infection, vaccination coverage is insufficient in people with chronic disease under 65 years, especially diabetes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate influenza vaccination coverage and identify factors associated with influenza vaccination in Korean diabetic adults under 65 years. METHODS Data were obtained from 24,821 subjects in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014 to 2017). Socioeconomic, health-related, and diabetic factors were investigated for their relations with influenza vaccination in diabetic patients under 65 years using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Among 24,821 subjects, 1,185 were diabetic patients under 65 years and their influenza vaccination rate was 36.5%. Socioeconomic (older age, female gender, non-smoker, light alcohol drinker, lower educational level, and employed status), health-related factors (lower fasting glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin level, good self-perceived health status, more comorbidities, recent health screening, more outpatient visits, and diet therapy), and diabetic factors (more awareness and getting treated) were associated with influenza vaccination. In multivariate analysis, more awareness and getting treated for diabetes were associated with influenza vaccination in diabetic patients under 65 years (odds ratio, 1.496 and 1.413; 95% confidence interval, 1.022 to 2.188 and 1.018 to 2.054, respectively). CONCLUSION Influenza vaccination rate was low in diabetic patients under 65 years, especially in those with unawareness and not getting treated for diabetes. Active screening and treatment for diabetes may be helpful to improve the influenza vaccination rate in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mi Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kyoungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Moon Park
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Joon Young Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Shin Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - So Hyang Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Chi Hong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sung Kyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
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Park S, Jung J, Cho B, Kim SY, Yun SC, Lim YS, Lee HC, Park J, Park JH, Kim JH, Yoon SM. In reply to Huo et al.: Treating small hepatocellular carcinoma: Stereotactic body radiation therapy versus radiofrequency ablation. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 35:2293. [PMID: 32909286 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - J Jung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-C Yun
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-S Lim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H C Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Yoon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Choi JH, Jang HI, Jang JS, Jeon SH, Joo KK, Ju K, Jung DE, Kim JG, Kim JH, Kim JY, Kim SB, Kim SY, Kim W, Kwon E, Lee DH, Lee HG, Lim IT, Moon DH, Pac MY, Seo H, Seo JW, Shin CD, Yang BS, Yoo J, Yoon SG, Yeo IS, Yu I. Search for Sub-eV Sterile Neutrinos at RENO. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:191801. [PMID: 33216576 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.191801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report a search result for a light sterile neutrino oscillation with roughly 2200 live days of data in the RENO experiment. The search is performed by electron antineutrino (ν[over ¯]_{e}) disappearance taking place between six 2.8 GW_{th} reactors and two identical detectors located at 294 m (near) and 1383 m (far) from the center of the reactor array. A spectral comparison between near and far detectors can explore reactor ν[over ¯]_{e} oscillations to a light sterile neutrino. An observed spectral difference is found to be consistent with that of the three-flavor oscillation model. This yields limits on sin^{2}2θ_{14} in the 10^{-4}≲|Δm_{41}^{2}|≲0.5 eV^{2} region, free from reactor ν[over ¯]_{e} flux and spectrum uncertainties. The RENO result provides the most stringent limits on sterile neutrino mixing at |Δm_{41}^{2}|≲0.002 eV^{2} using the ν[over ¯]_{e} disappearance channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Choi
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea
| | - H I Jang
- Department of Fire Safety, Seoyeong University, Gwangju 61268, Korea
| | - J S Jang
- GIST College, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - S H Jeon
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - K K Joo
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - K Ju
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - D E Jung
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - J G Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - S B Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - W Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - E Kwon
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - H G Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - I T Lim
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - D H Moon
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - M Y Pac
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea
| | - H Seo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - J W Seo
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - C D Shin
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - B S Yang
- Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34047, Korea
| | - J Yoo
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34047, Korea
| | - S G Yoon
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - I S Yeo
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - I Yu
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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Kim SY, Park JH, Kim HJ, Jang HJ, Kim HK, Kim SH, Lee JH. Direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column in a patient with acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Acute Crit Care 2020; 35:302-306. [PMID: 33423442 PMCID: PMC7808850 DOI: 10.4266/acc.2020.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease characterized by dyspnea and a worsening of the lung function. Acute exacerbations of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) are defined by a clinically significant respiratory deterioration, that typically develops in less than 1 month, accompanied by new radiologic abnormalities on high-resolution computed tomography, including diffused and bilateral ground-glass opacification, along with an absence of other obvious clinical etiologies. Recently, AE-IPF has gained significant importance as a major cause of mortality and morbidity. However, despite the extremely poor prognosis of the condition, no well-validated therapeutic interventions are currently available. Therefore, novel treatment modalities are being investigated and applied in addition to conventional treatments. Among them, several studies have reported that a direct hemoperfusion with a polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column (PMX-DHP), developed for endotoxin removal in septic shock, has an effect on AE-IPF. We describe two cases of PMX-DHP treatment with conflicting results. One patient successfully recovered via a PMX-DHP in severe AE-IPF that required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). PMX-DHP subsequently improved oxygenation (PaO2/FiO2 ratio) and decreased the levels of inflammatory markers (interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and white blood cells). The patient dramatically recovered without the need for ECMO. PMX-DHP may be considered an alternative therapy in AE-IPF patients requiring mechanical ventilation or ECMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jin Han Park
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Kim
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hang Jea Jang
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyun Kuk Kim
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae Ha Lee
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
- Corresponding author Jae Ha Lee Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 875 Haeun-daero, Haeundae-gu, Busan 48108, Korea Tel: +82-51-797-0457 Fax: +82-51-797-2210 E-mail:
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Kim SY, An TJ, Rhee CK, Park CK, Kim JH, Yoon H. The effect and associated mechanism of action of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor on CD4+ lymphocyte proliferation. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 48:221-226. [PMID: 33043479 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PDE4 inhibitors are involved in anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory responses. Recently, they have been getting attention as a new class of drugs treating inflammatory airway diseases. The T lymphocyte is a major cell type present in the inflammatory infiltrate in the airway wall in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and a previous study found that treatment with a PDE4 inhibitor significantly suppressed T cell proliferation. However, the mechanism of action of PDE4 inhibitors has not been elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate major signal transduction pathways of T lymphocyte and identify the phase, during which PDE4 inhibitors affect T cell proliferation. Isolated splenic CD4+ T cells were grown under stimulation with an anti-CD3/CD28 antibody, and/or treated with roflumilast-n-oxide (RNO). A western blot assay was performed using major antibodies including anti-p-38, anti-p-PI3K, anti-p-JNK, anti-p-ERK 1/2, anti-NFAT1 (NFATc2), and anti-NF-kB antibodies. Additional experiments conducted on the pathway showed significant change following RNO treatment, thus providing further evidence for signal transduction pathway concerning PDE4 inhibitors. T cell proliferation was suppressed by RNO treatment. In the pathways involved in T cell proliferation, only expression of anti-NFAT1 antibody was suppressed by RNO treatment. In additional experiments on the NFAT pathway, the very first phase (TCR signalling) remained unchanged on treatment with RNO, but RNO treatment increased IP3R expression and suppressed calcineurin activity. Calcineurin activity, reduced by RNO, increased on treatment with an IP3 receptor agonist. PED4 inhibitor, roflumilast is speculated to suppress T cell proliferation by interfering with IP3-IP3R binding to inhibit calcium emission, blocking pathway activation from this phase onward, eventually decreasing the level of a growth factor for T cell proliferation, IL-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Tai Joon An
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chin Kook Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Kwon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - HyoungKyu Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Kim SY, Kim HJ, Min C, Choi HG. Association between benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and osteoporosis: two nested case-control studies. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:2017-2024. [PMID: 32483682 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05478-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) was related to a 1.28 times higher risk of osteoporosis. In addition, osteoporosis was associated with a 1.34 times higher risk of BPPV. This bidirectional relation was maintained after adjusting past medical histories and lifestyle factors, including obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption. To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the reciprocal association between BPPV and osteoporosis. In subgroup analyses, only women showed a reciprocal association between BPPV and osteoporosis. INTRODUCTION A previous population cohort study suggested an association between osteoporosis and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). This study aimed to investigate the bidirectional association between BPPV and osteoporosis. METHODS The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort data from 2002 to 2013 were used. In study I, the 50,897 osteoporosis patients were 1:1 matched with control I participants for age, sex, income, and region of residence. The previous histories of BPPV were analyzed in both groups using conditional logistic regression analysis. In study II, 9621 BPPV patients were 1:4 matched with control II participants. The previous histories of osteoporosis were analyzed in both groups using conditional logistic regression analysis. According to age and sex, subgroup analyses were achieved in both studies I and II. RESULTS A total of 1.6% (822/50,897) of osteoporosis patients and 1.3% (644/50,897) of control I participants had BPPV. The osteoporosis patients demonstrated a 1.28 times higher chance of developing BPPV (95% confidence intervals [95% CI] = 1.16-1.42, P < 0.001). In study II, 21.2% (2040/9621) of BPPV patients and 17.6% (6790/38,484) of control II participants had osteoporosis. The BPPV patients showed 1.34 times higher chance of having osteoporosis (95% CI = 1.26-1.43, P < 0.001). In the analysis of the women subgroup, these relations were reliable. CONCLUSION Osteoporosis patients had increased odds of having BPPV. On the other hand, BPPV patients had increased odds of having osteoporosis. This bidirectional relation was consistent only in the women subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - H-J Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 22, Gwanpyeong-ro 170beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, Republic of Korea
| | - C Min
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H G Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 22, Gwanpyeong-ro 170beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, Republic of Korea.
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea.
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Lim JH, Kang YJ, Bak HJ, Kim MS, Lee HJ, Kwak DW, Han YJ, Kim MY, Boo H, Kim SY, Ryu HM. Epigenome-wide DNA methylation profiling of preeclamptic placenta according to severe features. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:128. [PMID: 32831145 PMCID: PMC7444072 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00918-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia (PE) is an obstetric disorder with significant morbidities for both the mother and fetus possibly caused by a failure of the placental trophoblast invasion. However, its pathophysiology largely remains unclear. Here, we performed DNA methylation profiling to determine whether differential patterns of DNA methylation correlate with PE and severe features of PE. Materials and methods We extracted DNA from placental tissues of 13 normal, five PE, and eight PE pregnant women with severe features. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was performed using the Illumina HumanMethylation 850K BeadChip. New functional annotations of differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) in PE were predicted using bioinformatics tools. Results Significant differences were evident for 398 DMCs, including 243 DMCs in PE and 155 DMCs in PE with severe features, compared with normal placental tissues. Of these, 12 hypermethylated DMCs and three hypomethylated DMCs were observed in both PE groups, thus were independent from severe features. Three hundred seventy-nine DMCs were identified by the presence or absence of severe features. Two hundred genes containing these DMCs were associated with developmental processes and cell morphogenesis. These genes were significantly associated with various PE complications such as disease susceptibility, viral infections, immune system diseases, endocrine disturbance, seizures, hematologic diseases, and thyroid diseases. Conclusions This is the first study to investigate the genome-scale DNA methylation profiles of PE placentas according to severe features. The epigenetic variation in the placentas probably resulted in altered developmental processes and immune dysregulation, contributing to PE. This study provides basic information to refine the clinical and pathological mechanisms of the severe features in placenta-mediated PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyae Lim
- Center for Prenatal Biomarker Research, CHA Advanced Research Institute, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jung Kang
- Center for Prenatal Biomarker Research, CHA Advanced Research Institute, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Bak
- Center for Prenatal Biomarker Research, CHA Advanced Research Institute, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Sun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59, Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Lee
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59, Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kwak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - You Jung Han
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Young Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyeon Boo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, CHA University, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Young Kim
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mee Ryu
- Center for Prenatal Biomarker Research, CHA Advanced Research Institute, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, 59, Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea.
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Kwak DW, Kim SY, Kim HJ, Lim JH, Kim YH, Ryu HM. Maternal total cell-free DNA in preeclampsia with and without intrauterine growth restriction. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11848. [PMID: 32678284 PMCID: PMC7367308 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68842-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevation of total cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in patients with preeclampsia is well-known; however, whether this change precedes the onset of symptoms remains inconclusive. Here, we conducted a nested case-control study to determine the elevation of cfDNA levels in women who subsequently developed preeclampsia. Methylated HYP2 (m-HYP2) levels were determined in 68 blood samples collected from women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, along with 136 control samples, using real-time quantitative PCR. The measured m-HYP2 levels were converted to multiples of the median (MoM) values for correction of maternal characteristics. The m-HYP2 levels and MoM values in patients with preeclampsia were significantly higher than in controls during the third trimester (P < 0.001, both), whereas those for women who subsequently developed preeclampsia did not differ during the second trimester. However, when patients with preeclampsia were divided based on the onset-time of preeclampsia or 10th percentile birth weight, both values were significantly higher in women who subsequently developed early-onset preeclampsia (P < 0.05, both) and preeclampsia with small-for-gestational-age (SGA) neonate (P < 0.01, both) than controls. These results suggested that total cfDNA levels could be used to predict early-onset preeclampsia or preeclampsia with SGA neonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Kwak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Shin Young Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyae Lim
- Center for Prenatal Biomarker Research, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Young-Han Kim
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - Hyun Mee Ryu
- Center for Prenatal Biomarker Research, CHA Advanced Research Institute, Seongnam, Korea.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Korea.
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Yoo JE, Shin DW, Han K, Kim D, Won HS, Lee J, Kim SY, Nam GE, Park HS. Female reproductive factors and the risk of dementia: a nationwide cohort study. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:1448-1458. [PMID: 32396982 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aim was to investigate whether female reproductive factors are associated with dementia. METHODS In all, 4 696 633 post-menopausal women without dementia were identified using the Korean National Health Insurance System database. Data on reproductive factors were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Dementia was determined using dementia diagnosis codes and anti-dementia drug prescription. Cox proportional hazards regression was conducted to assess the hazard ratio (HR) for dementia according to reproductive factors. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 5.74 years, there were 212 227 new cases of all-cause dementia (4.5%), 162 901 cases of Alzheimer's disease (3.5%) and 24 029 cases of vascular dementia (0.5%). The HR of dementia was 1.15 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.16] for menarcheal age ≥17 years compared with menarcheal age 13-14 years, 0.79 (0.77-0.81) for menopausal age ≥55 years compared with menopausal age <40 years, and 0.81 (0.79-0.82) for fertility duration ≥40 years compared with fertility duration <30 years. Whilst being of parity one (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.85-0.94) and breastfeeding <6 months (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.88-0.95) was associated with lower risk of dementia, being of parity two or more (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.99-1.05) and breastfeeding ≥12 months (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.01-1.07) was associated with a higher risk of dementia than women without parity or breastfeeding history. Use of hormone replacement therapy and oral contraceptives independently reduced the dementia risk by 15% and 10%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Female reproductive factors are independent risk factors for dementia incidence, with higher risk associated with shorter lifetime endogenous estrogen exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Yoo
- Department of Family Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - D W Shin
- Department of Family Medicine and Supportive Care Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Kim
- Department of Medical Statistics, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-S Won
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Economics and Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,RANC Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - G E Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H S Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Denis D, Kim SY, Kark SM, Daley RT, Alger SE, Kensinger EA, Payne JD. 0109 Slow Wave Sleep Time and Its Oscillatory Features Show Opposite Associations with Emotional Memory Consolidation Following Stress. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Sleep and stress can both enhance emotional memory consolidation. During slow wave sleep (SWS), oscillatory features such as slow oscillations (SO), sleep spindles (SS), and critically, their coupling, are believed to facilitate consolidation. How they relate to emotional memory consolidation is less clear, and how stress interacts with these oscillations is unknown.
Methods
In this study, participants either underwent a psychosocial stressor (the Trier Social Stress Task; n = 32) or a control task (n=32). Next, they encoded 150 neutral, negative, and positive images while undergoing fMRI. Participants then spent the night in the lab with polysomnographic recording. The next day they were given a surprise recognition test.
Results
There was better memory for emotional compared to neutral items in the stress group. Within this group, % of time spent in SWS positively correlated with emotional memory consolidation (r=.37, p=.039). However, SO-SS coupling during SWS was negatively correlated with emotional memory consolidation in the stress group (r=-.47, p=.007). This was driven by participants who showed a high cortisol response following the stressor (cortisol * coupling interaction p=.03) Results were similar when negative and positive items were analyzed separately. No correlations with neutral item memory were found.
Conclusion
Sleep stage time and sleep oscillatory activity exert different effects on emotional memory following stress, and that SO-SS coupling does not always promote episodic memory consolidation. SO-SS coupling can impair emotional memories when encoded during periods of elevated stress, and accompanying neuromodulators such as cortisol are high.
Support
National Science Foundation, Grant/Award Number: BXS-1539361
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Affiliation(s)
- D Denis
- University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN
| | - S Y Kim
- University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN
| | - S M Kark
- Center For The Neurobiology Of Learning And Memory, Irvine, CA
| | | | - S E Alger
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD
| | | | - J D Payne
- University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN
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Lee SH, Park JS, Kim SY, Kim DS, Kim YW, Chung MP, Uh ST, Park CS, Park SW, Jeong SH, Park YB, Lee HL, Shin JW, Lee JH, Jegal Y, Lee HK, Kim YH, Song JW, Park MS. Clinical features and prognosis of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 23:678-684. [PMID: 31315699 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) share common risk factors. They could therefore be expressed in a single patient. However, the prevalence, clinical characteristics and prognosis of individuals with comorbid IPF and COPD are not known. </sec> <sec> <title>METHOD</title> From 2003 to 2007, the Korean Interstitial Lung Disease Study Group created a register for idiopathic interstitial pneumonia using 2002 ATS/ERS (American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society) criteria. Of the 1546 IPF patients assessed, 143 had decreased lung function consistent with COPD (IPF-COPD). COPD was diagnosed based on age (≥40 years) and pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec [FEV1]/forced vital capacity [FVC] ratio < 0.7). </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> The median age of the IPF-COPD group was 71.0 years (interquartile range 66.0-76.0); most patients were male (88.1%). FVC (%) was significantly higher in the IPF-COPD group; however, FEV1 (%) was significantly lower in the IPF-COPD group (P < 0.001). Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) was not significantly different between the two groups. In survival analysis, age and FVC (%), but not COPD, were significantly associated with prognosis (respectively P = 0.003, 0.001 and 0.401). COPD severity was also not related to prognosis (P = 0.935). </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSION</title> The prevalence of IPF-COPD was estimated to be ∼9.2% among all IPF patients; prognosis of patients with IPF-COPD was not worse than those with IPF alone. </sec>.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Department of Internal Medicine, National University College of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul
| | - J S Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, National University College of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul
| | - S Y Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute of Chest Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - D S Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | - Y W Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Lung Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - M P Chung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S T Uh
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul
| | - C S Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Gyeonggi-do
| | - S W Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Gyeonggi-do
| | - S H Jeong
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon
| | - Y B Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul
| | - H L Lee
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon
| | - J W Shin
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Ewha Medical Research Institute, Seoul
| | - Y Jegal
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan
| | - H K Lee
- Division of Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Pusan Paik Hospital, Busan
| | - Y H Kim
- Division of Allergy and Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J W Song
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul
| | - M S Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute of Chest Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
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Choi JY, Kim SY, Lee JH, Park YB, Kim YH, Um SJ, Jung KS, Yoo KH, Park SJ, Yoon HK. Clinical Characteristics of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Female Patients: Findings from a KOCOSS Cohort. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:2217-2224. [PMID: 33061339 PMCID: PMC7519806 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s269579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in females has increased, changing the concept of COPD as a disease mostly limited to males. In this study, the clinical characteristics of COPD in females were investigated. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study was based on a multicenter cohort of COPD patients recruited from 54 medical centers in South Korea. Sex-based differences in general characteristics, exposure risk factors, depression scores, results of pulmonary function tests, COPD exacerbation, symptom scores, and radiologic findings were evaluated. Sex-related differences in the annual FEV1 change over 5 years were analyzed in a linear mixed model. RESULTS Of the 2515 patients enrolled in this study, 8.1% were female. Female patients who had a higher BMI and a lower level of education were less likely to be smokers, were more exposed to passive smoking/biomass, and were more depressed compared to males. The rates of bronchiectasis, previous childhood respiratory infection, and asthma were higher in females. Female patients also had more symptoms and a poorer exercise capacity than males, but no significant differences were observed in terms of exacerbations. Radiologic findings revealed that male patients had worse emphysema, and female patients had worse bronchiectasis, as determined based on chest X-ray and computed tomography findings. On pulmonary function tests, female patients had less obstruction and less annual FEV1 loss over 5 years. CONCLUSION This study revealed differences in the clinical parameters between male and female patients with COPD, including general characteristics, disease characteristics, and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Young Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Young Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ha Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Bum Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul134-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yee Hyung Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jung Um
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Suck Jung
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical School, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Ha Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoung Ju Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Kyu Yoon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: Hyoung Kyu Yoon Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, #62 Youido-Dong Yeongdeungpo-Gu, Seoul, Republic of KoreaTel +82 2 3779 2213Fax +82 2 780 3132 Email
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Kim ST, Banks KC, Pectasides E, Kim SY, Kim K, Lanman RB, Talasaz A, An J, Choi MG, Lee JH, Sohn TS, Bae JM, Kim S, Park SH, Park JO, Park YS, Lim HY, Kim NKD, Park W, Lee H, Bass AJ, Kim K, Kang WK, Lee J. Impact of genomic alterations on lapatinib treatment outcome and cell-free genomic landscape during HER2 therapy in HER2+ gastric cancer patients. Ann Oncol 2019; 29:1037-1048. [PMID: 29409051 PMCID: PMC5913644 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To identify predictive markers for responders in lapatinib-treated patients and to demonstrate molecular changes during lapatinib treatment via cell-free genomics. Patients and methods We prospectively evaluated the efficacy of combining lapatinib with capecitabine and oxaliplatin as first line neoadjuvant therapy in patients with previously untreated, HER2-overexpressing advanced gastric cancer. A parallel biomarker study was conducted by simultaneously performing immunohistochemistry and next-generation sequencing (NGS) with tumor and blood samples. Results Complete response was confirmed in 7/32 patients (21.8%), 2 of whom received radical surgery with pathologic-confirmed complete response. Fifteen partial responses (46.8%) were observed, resulting in a 68.6% overall response rate. NGS of the 16 tumor specimens demonstrated that the most common co-occurring copy number alteration was CCNE1 amplification, which was present in 40% of HER2+ tumors. The relationship between CCNE1 amplification and lack of response to HER2-targeted therapy trended toward statistical significance (66.7% of non-responders versus 22.2% of responders harbored CCNE1 amplification; P = 0.08). Patients with high level ERBB2 amplification by NGS were more likely to respond to therapy, compared with patients with low level ERBB2 amplification (P = 0.02). Analysis of cfDNA showed that detectable ERBB2 copy number amplification in plasma was predictive to the response (100%, response rate) and changes in plasma-detected genomic alterations were associated with lapatinib sensitivity and/or resistance. The follow-up cfDNA genomics at disease progression demonstrated that there are emergences of other genomic aberrations such as MYC, EGFR, FGFR2 and MET amplifications. Conclusions The present study showed that HER2+ GC patients respond differently according to concomitant genomic aberrations beyond ERBB2, high ERBB2 amplification by NGS or cfDNA can be a positive predictor for patient selection, and tumor genomic alterations change significantly during targeted agent therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncolog, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K C Banks
- Department of Medical Affair, Guardant Health, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - E Pectasides
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - S Y Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncolog, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncolog, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - R B Lanman
- Department of Medical Affair, Guardant Health, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - A Talasaz
- Department of Medical Affair, Guardant Health, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - J An
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - M G Choi
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - T S Sohn
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J M Bae
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Kim
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncolog, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J O Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncolog, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y S Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncolog, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Y Lim
- Division of Hematology-Oncolog, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - N K D Kim
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - W Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Lee
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Division of Gastroenterolog, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - A J Bass
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - K Kim
- Pathology and Translational Genomics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - W K Kang
- Division of Hematology-Oncolog, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncolog, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Cho SI, Sun S, Mun JH, Kim C, Kim SY, Cho S, Youn SW, Kim HC, Chung JH. Dermatologist-level classification of malignant lip diseases using a deep convolutional neural network. Br J Dermatol 2019; 182:1388-1394. [PMID: 31449661 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) can classify skin diseases at a level equivalent to a dermatologist, but their performance in specific areas requires further research. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of a trained DCNN-based algorithm in classifying benign and malignant lip diseases. METHODS A training set of 1629 images (743 malignant, 886 benign) was used with Inception-Resnet-V2. Performance was evaluated using another set of 344 images and 281 images from other hospitals. Classifications by 44 participants (six board-certified dermatologists, 12 dermatology residents, nine medical doctors not specialized in dermatology and 17 medical students) were used for comparison. RESULTS The outcomes based on the area under curve, sensitivity and specificity were 0·827 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0·782-0·873], 0·755 (95% CI 0·673-0·827) and 0·803 (95% CI 0·752-0·855), respectively, for the set of 344 images; and 0·774 (95% CI 0·699-0·849), 0·702 (95% CI 0·579-0·808) and 0·759 (95% CI 0·701-0·813), respectively, for the set of 281 images. The DCNN was equivalent to the dermatologists and superior to the nondermatologists in classifying malignancy. After referencing the DCNN result, the mean ± SD Youden index increased significantly for nondermatologists, from 0·201 ± 0·156 to 0·322 ± 0·141 (P < 0·001). CONCLUSIONS DCNNs can classify lip diseases at a level similar to dermatologists. This will help unskilled physicians discriminate between benign and malignant lip diseases. What's already known about this topic? Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) can classify malignant and benign skin diseases at a level equivalent to dermatologists. The lips are a unique feature in terms of histology and morphology. Previous studies of DCNNs have not investigated tumours on specific locations. What does this study add? This study shows that DCNNs can distinguish rare malignant and benign lip disorders at the same rate as dermatologists. DCNNs can help nondermatologists to distinguish malignant lip diseases. What are the clinical implications of this work? DCNNs can distinguish malignant and benign skin diseases even at specific locations such as the lips, as well as board-certified dermatologists. Malignant lip diseases are rare and difficult for less trained doctors to differentiate them from benign lesions. This study shows that in dermatology, DCNN can help improve decision-making processes for rare skin diseases in specific areas of the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Cho
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Sun
- Interdisciplinary Program, Bioengineering Major, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-H Mun
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Cho
- Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S W Youn
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - H C Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program, Bioengineering Major, Graduate School, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Rhee MY, Kim JH, Namgung J, Lee SY, Cho DK, Choi TY, Kim SY. P800Proposal of an algorithm for the diagnosis of hypertension by using out-of-office blood pressure measurements. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and purpose
Based on the data of patients who measured office BP (OBP) in controlled condition, home BP (HBP), and 24-hour ambulatory BP (24hABP) for diagnosis of hypertension, we developed and validated a diagnostic algorithm for hypertension.
Methods
Patients who have high BP (≥140/90 mmHg) at the outpatient clinic were referred to measure OBP in controlled condition, HBP and 24hABP. The OBP was measured three times at each visit for 3 days in controlled condition by using a validated oscillometric device. HBP was measured for 7 days in triplicates every morning and evening. The 24hABP was measured on the 8th day. Same study protocol was used for development and validation population.
Results
In the development of algorithm, 319 patients were recruited and data of 256 patients (51.8±9.7 years, 119 men) with valid HBP and 24hABP measurements were analyzed. In the validation of algorithm, 300 patients were recruited and data of 257 patients (52.4±9.8 years, 126 men) with valid HBP and 24hABP measurements were analyzed. In the development population, the prevalence of masked hypertension was 19.5% (n=50) and most of them (n=47, 94%) was in the range of 130–139/80–89 mmHg. The BP in the range of 130–144/80–94 mmHg was defined as the grey zone of OBP, because prevalence of white-coat hypertension was lowered to 1.6% from 4.3% with threshold of 145/95 mmHg. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of OBP was improved to 97.4%, 76.5, 96.5% and 81.3% after excluding the grey zone of OBP (n=125). The diagnostic agreement between 24hABP and HBP in the grey zone of OBP was 64%. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of HBP were 88.8%, 74.7, 93.5% and 61.5% after excluding the grey zone of HBP (130–134/80–84 mmHg, n=28). Based upon these results, we developed a diagnostic algorithm for hypertension by using on out-of-office BP measurements to improved diagnostic accuracy of hypertension (Figure). In the validation population, the developed algorithm showed similar diagnostic accuracy.
Diagnostic algorithm for hypertension
Conclusion
For accurate diagnosis of hypertension, OBP measurement according to guidelines and 24hABP measurement to grey zone of OBP is preferred. To improve diagnostic accuracy of HBP measurement, 24hABP measurement to grey zone of HBP is required.
Acknowledgement/Funding
Part of this study was supported by a grand from Dong-A ST Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Rhee
- Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Kim
- Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Namgung
- Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Y Lee
- Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea (Republic of)
| | - D K Cho
- Hospital Myongji, Goyang, Korea (Republic of)
| | - T Y Choi
- Seoul Red Cross Hospital, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Y Kim
- Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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Chae D, Kim SY, Song Y, Baek W, Shin H, Park K, Han DW. Dynamic predictive model for postoperative nausea and vomiting for intravenous fentanyl patient-controlled analgesia. Anaesthesia 2019; 75:218-226. [PMID: 31531854 DOI: 10.1111/anae.14849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative nausea and vomiting is the most common side-effect of opioid-based intravenous patient-controlled analgesia. Apfel's simplified risk score is popular but it has some limitations. We developed and validated a dynamic predictive model for nausea or vomiting up to 48 postoperative hours, available as an online web application. Fentanyl was used by 22,144 adult patients for analgesia after non-cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia: we randomly divided them into development (80%) and validation (20%) cohorts, repeated 100 times. We used linear discriminant analysis to select variables for multivariate logistic regression. The incidences of postoperative nausea or vomiting were: 0-48 h, 5691/22,144 (26%); 0-6 h, 2749/22,144 (12%); 6-12 h, 2687/22,144 (12%); 12-18 h, 2624/22,144 (12%); 18-24 h, 1884/22,144 (9%); and 24-48 h, 1082/22,144 (5%). The median (95%CI) area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.72 (0.71-0.73) up to 48 postoperative hours compared with 0.65 (0.64-0.66) for the Apfel model, p < 0.001. The equivalent areas for 0-6 h, 6-12 h, 12-18 h, 18-24 h and 24-48 h were: 0.70 (0.69-0.72); 0.71 (0.69-0.73); 0.69 (0.68-0.71); 0.70 (0.67-0.72); and 0.69 (0.66-0.71), respectively. Our web application allows clinicians to calculate incidences of nausea and vomiting in patients receiving intravenous fentanyl for patient-controlled analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chae
- Department of Pharmacology, Severance Hospital, Anaesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Anaesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Anaesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W Baek
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Anaesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Shin
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Anaesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Severance Hospital, Anaesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D W Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Anaesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee EH, Kim SJ, Ha EJ, Park ES, Choi JY, Leem AY, Kim SY, Park MS, Kim YS, Kang YA. Treatment of latent tuberculous infection among health care workers at a tertiary hospital in Korea. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2019; 22:1336-1343. [PMID: 30355414 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the acceptance of, adherence to, and outcomes of latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) treatment among health care workers (HCWs). DESIGN This was a retrospective study in a tertiary hospital in Korea. From May to August 2017, 2190 HCWs simultaneously underwent a tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). LTBI was diagnosed if the TST induration was 10 mm or IGRA results were positive. RESULTS Of 2190 HCWs tested, 1006 (45.9%) were diagnosed with LTBI. Of these, 655 (65.1%) HCWs visited out-patient clinics, 234 (35.7%) of whom were advised treatment by physicians. Among these, 120 (51.3%) accepted the physicians' recommendations. In general, HCWs who were older, male and smoked were less likely to visit out-patient clinics. Sixty (50%) HCWs received 3 months of isoniazid plus rifampicin (3HR) and 57 (47.5%) HCWs received 4 months of rifampicin (4R). The proportion of HCWs with 2 side effects (3HR 20% vs. 4R 7.0%, P = 0.041) and drug stoppage rate (3HR 20% vs. 4R 5.3%, P = 0.017) were higher in the 3HR group than in the 4R group. Of the 120 HCWs, 78 (65%) completed LTBI treatment. CONCLUSION Overall, the acceptance and completion rate for LTBI treatment was not adequate. For effective LTBI management in HCWs, further programmatic strategies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S J Kim
- Infection Control Office, Severance Hospital, Seoul
| | - E J Ha
- Infection Control Office, Severance Hospital, Seoul
| | - E S Park
- Infection Control Office, Severance Hospital, Seoul
| | - J Y Choi
- Infection Control Office, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A Y Leem
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S Y Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - M S Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y S Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Y A Kang
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
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Sugiyama M, Fukaya T, Moon JY, Ishida K, Matsushita A, Kim SY, Yeo SH. Analysis and enhancement of the ethanol resistance of Pichia kudriavzevii N77-4, a strain newly isolated from the Korean traditional fermentation starter Nuruk, for improved fermentation performance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1282/1/012062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Lee JY, Cheng KL, Lee JH, Choi YJ, Kim HW, Sung YS, Chung SR, Ryu KH, Chung MS, Kim SY, Lee SW, Baek JH. Detection of Local Recurrence in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Voxel-Based Color Maps of Initial and Final Area under the Curve Values Derived from DCE-MRI. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1392-1401. [PMID: 31320461 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Early detection of local recurrence is important to increase the chance of cure because local recurrence is the main cause of treatment failure in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. We evaluated the added value of voxel-based color maps of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging compared with conventional MR imaging alone for detecting local recurrence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 63 consecutive patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma after definitive treatment and posttreatment surveillance MR imaging studies that demonstrated focal enhancement at the primary site. Three independent readers assessed conventional MR imaging and a pair of color maps of initial and final 90-second time-signal intensity areas under the curve from dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging. The sensitivities, specificities, and accuracies of both conventional MR imaging alone and combined interpretation of conventional and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging were assessed using the clinicopathologic diagnosis as the criterion standard. κ statistics were used to evaluate interreader agreement. RESULTS There were 28 patients with subsequently documented local recurrence and 35 with posttreatment change. Adding dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging to conventional MR imaging significantly increased the diagnostic accuracies for detecting local recurrence (48%-54% versus 87%-91%; P < .05), with excellent interreader agreement (κ = 0.8; 95% CI, 0.67-0.92 to κ = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.69-0.93). By all 3 readers, the specificities were also significantly improved by adding dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging to conventional MR imaging (22%-43% versus 87%-91%; P < .001) without sacrificing the sensitivities (68%-82% versus 86%-89%; P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Adding voxel-based color maps of initial and final 90-second time-signal intensity areas under the curve from dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging to conventional MR imaging increases the diagnostic accuracy to detect local recurrence in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by improving the specificity without sacrificing the sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- From the Department of Radiology (J.Y.L.), Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (J.Y.L., K.L.C., J.H.L., Y.J.C., H.W.K., Y.S.S., S.R.C., J.H.B.)
| | - K L Cheng
- Department of Medical Imaging (K.L.C.)
- School of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences (K.L.C.), Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (K.L.C.), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (J.Y.L., K.L.C., J.H.L., Y.J.C., H.W.K., Y.S.S., S.R.C., J.H.B.)
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (J.Y.L., K.L.C., J.H.L., Y.J.C., H.W.K., Y.S.S., S.R.C., J.H.B.)
| | - Y J Choi
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (J.Y.L., K.L.C., J.H.L., Y.J.C., H.W.K., Y.S.S., S.R.C., J.H.B.)
| | - H W Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (J.Y.L., K.L.C., J.H.L., Y.J.C., H.W.K., Y.S.S., S.R.C., J.H.B.)
| | - Y S Sung
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (J.Y.L., K.L.C., J.H.L., Y.J.C., H.W.K., Y.S.S., S.R.C., J.H.B.)
| | - S R Chung
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (J.Y.L., K.L.C., J.H.L., Y.J.C., H.W.K., Y.S.S., S.R.C., J.H.B.)
| | - K H Ryu
- Department of Radiology (K.H.R.), Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - M S Chung
- Department of Radiology (M.S.C.), Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Departments of Otolaryngology (S.Y.K.)
| | - S-W Lee
- Radiation Oncology (S.-W.L), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Baek
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (J.Y.L., K.L.C., J.H.L., Y.J.C., H.W.K., Y.S.S., S.R.C., J.H.B.)
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Bak G, Choi JH, Jang HI, Jang JS, Jeon SH, Joo KK, Ju K, Jung DE, Kim JG, Kim JH, Kim JY, Kim SB, Kim SY, Kim W, Kwon E, Lee DH, Lee HG, Lee YC, Lim IT, Moon DH, Pac MY, Park YS, Rott C, Seo H, Seo JW, Seo SH, Shin CD, Yang JY, Yoo J, Yu I. Fuel-Composition Dependent Reactor Antineutrino Yield at RENO. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:232501. [PMID: 31298906 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.232501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report a fuel-dependent reactor electron antineutrino (ν[over ¯]_{e}) yield using six 2.8 GW_{th} reactors in the Hanbit nuclear power plant complex, Yonggwang, Korea. The analysis uses 850 666 ν[over ¯]_{e} candidate events with a background fraction of 2.0% acquired through inverse beta decay (IBD) interactions in the near detector for 1807.9 live days from August 2011 to February 2018. Based on multiple fuel cycles, we observe a fuel ^{235}U dependent variation of measured IBD yields with a slope of (1.51±0.23)×10^{-43} cm^{2}/fission and measure a total average IBD yield of (5.84±0.13)×10^{-43} cm^{2}/fission. The hypothesis of no fuel-dependent IBD yield is ruled out at 6.6σ. The observed IBD yield variation over ^{235}U isotope fraction does not show significant deviation from the Huber-Mueller (HM) prediction at 1.3 σ. The measured fuel-dependent variation determines IBD yields of (6.15±0.19)×10^{-43} and (4.18±0.26)×10^{-43} cm^{2}/fission for two dominant fuel isotopes ^{235}U and ^{239}Pu, respectively. The measured IBD yield per ^{235}U fission shows the largest deficit relative to the HM prediction. Reevaluation of the ^{235}U IBD yield per fission may mostly solve the reactor antineutrino anomaly (RAA) while ^{239}Pu is not completely ruled out as a possible contributor to the anomaly. We also report a 2.9 σ correlation between the fractional change of the 5 MeV excess and the reactor fuel isotope fraction of ^{235}U.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bak
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - J H Choi
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea
| | - H I Jang
- Department of Fire Safety, Seoyeong University, Gwangju 61268, Korea
| | - J S Jang
- GIST College, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - S H Jeon
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - K K Joo
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - K Ju
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - D E Jung
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - J G Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - S B Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - W Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - E Kwon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - H G Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Y C Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - I T Lim
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - D H Moon
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - M Y Pac
- Institute for High Energy Physics, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea
| | - Y S Park
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - H Seo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - J W Seo
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - S H Seo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - C D Shin
- Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - J Y Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - J Yoo
- Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34047, Korea
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - I Yu
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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Kim YJ, Lim YW, Paik HR, Lee JY, Kim SY. What influences use of dental services by the Korean disabled people? The role of perceived barriers in dental care system. Community Dent Health 2019; 36:101-105. [PMID: 31070873 DOI: 10.1922/cdh_4456young05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the perceived barriers to dental care for disabled people in South Korea using the revised Andersen's model of access to health care. BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN Cross-sectional analytic interview study. PARTICIPANTS Korean people with a disability residing in residential facilities, or those at home who attend vocational rehabilitation facilities, special schools, or welfare facilities, were sampled from Seoul and non-Seoul areas in 2016 and were interviewed face-to-face. In total, 456 disabled Koreans, or their primary caregivers participated. RESULTS Household income, disability duration and perceived barriers in the dental care system were perceived to impact on dental care utilisation, while the need for dental care services did not significantly explain the use of dental care by disabled people in South Korea. Those with low household incomes were less likely to use dental care services, compared to people with moderate and high household incomes. As disability duration increased, disabled people were more likely to use dental services. Those who perceived the barriers to dental care as higher were less likely to use dental services. CONCLUSION These data suggest that policies are needed to support disabled people with low household incomes. Lowering barriers in the dental care system may encourage people with disabilities to access timely and adequate dental services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Kim
- Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University
| | - Y W Lim
- Department of Consumer Sciences, Seoul National University
| | - H R Paik
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University
| | - J Y Lee
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Consumer Sciences, Seoul National University
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Lee JY, Cho H, Hwang E, Kim SY, Kim S. Structural and molecular modelling studies of antimelanogenic piper-amide TRPM1 antagonists. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2019; 30:195-207. [PMID: 30773912 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2019.1574894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Piper-amides exhibit diverse biological activities, including antimelanogenic effects. In our previous studies, we identified a potent piper-amide derivative that inhibited melanogenesis via the TRPM1 calcium channel. Despite its potential as a therapeutic target, the three-dimensional structure of TRPM1 is still not available. Thus, structure-guided compound design and the discovery of novel inhibitors of melanogenesis have been limited. In the present study, a series of computational methods, including homology modelling, docking, molecular dynamics simulation and field-based pharmacophore modelling, were integrated to explore the structural features of natural piper-amide-like compounds related to the TRPM1 target. These studies suggested the binding mode and provided a 3D pharmacophore model of the ligands, which can be helpful in understanding the TRPM1-ligand interactions at the molecular level and in designing potent antagonists of TRPM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Y Lee
- a College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , Seoul , Korea
- b Chemical Data-Driven Research Center , Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , Daejeon , Korea
| | - H Cho
- a College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , Seoul , Korea
| | - E Hwang
- c College of Pharmacy , Gachon University , Incheon , Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- c College of Pharmacy , Gachon University , Incheon , Korea
| | - S Kim
- a College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , Seoul , Korea
- d Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul , Korea
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Choe SA, Jun YB, Lee WS, Yoon TK, Kim SY. Association between ambient air pollution and pregnancy rate in women who underwent IVF. Hum Reprod 2019; 33:1071-1078. [PMID: 29659826 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are the concentrations of five criteria air pollutants associated with probabilities of biochemical pregnancy loss and intrauterine pregnancy in women? SUMMARY ANSWER Increased concentrations of ambient particulate matter (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO) during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) and after embryo transfer were associated with a decreased probability of intrauterine pregnancy. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Exposure to high ambient air pollution was suggested to be associated with low fertility and high early pregnancy loss in women. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Using a retrospective cohort study design, we analysed 6621 cycles of 4581 patients who underwent one or more fresh IVF cycles at a fertility centre from January 2006 to December 2014, and lived in Seoul at the time of IVF treatment. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS To estimate patients' individual exposure to air pollution, we computed averages of hourly concentrations of five air pollutants including PM10, NO2, CO, sulphur dioxide (SO2) and ozone (O3) measured at 40 regulatory monitoring sites in Seoul for each of the four exposure periods: period 1 (start of COS to oocyte retrieval), period 2 (oocyte retrieval to embryo transfer), period 3 (embryo transfer to hCG test), and period 4 (start of COS to hCG test). Hazard ratios (HRs) from the time-varying Cox-proportional hazards model were used to estimate probabilities of biochemical pregnancy loss and intrauterine pregnancy for an interquartile range (IQR) increase in each air pollutant concentration during each period, after adjusting for individual characteristics. We tested the robustness of the result using generalised linear mixed model, accounting for within-woman correlation. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Mean age of the women was 35 years. Average BMI was 20.9 kg/m2 and the study population underwent 1.4 IVF cycles on average. Cumulative pregnancy rate in multiple IVF cycles was 51.3% per person. Survival analysis showed that air pollution during periods 1 and 3 was generally associated with IVF outcomes. Increased NO2 (adjusted HR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.87, 0.99) and CO (0.94, 95% CI: 0.89, 1.00) during period 1 were associated with decreased probability of intrauterine pregnancy. PM10 (0.92, 95% CI: 0.85, 0.99), NO2 (0.93, 95% CI = 0.86, 1.00) and CO (0.93, 95% CI: 0.87, 1.00) levels during period 3 were also inversely associated with intrauterine pregnancy. Both PM10 (1.17, 95% CI: 1.04 1.33) and NO2 (1.18, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.34) during period 3 showed positive associations with biochemical pregnancy loss. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The district-specific ambient air pollution treated as an individual exposure may not represent the actual level of each woman's exposure to air pollution. Smoking, working status, parity or gravidity of women, and semen analysis data were not included in the analysis. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study provided evidence of an association between increased ambient concentrations of PM10, NO2 and CO and reduced probabilities for achieving intrauterine pregnancy using multiple IVF cycle data. Specifically, our results indicated that lower intrauterine pregnancy rates in IVF cycles may be linked to ambient air pollution during COS and the post-transfer period. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2013 R1A6A3A04059017, 2016 R1D1A1B03933410 and 2018 R1A2B6004608) and the National Cancer Center of Korea (NCC-1810220-01). The authors report no conflicts of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Choe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, CHA University.,CHA fertility center, Seoul station, Jung-gu, Seoul 04637, Korea
| | - Y B Jun
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - W S Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, CHA University.,Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06135, Korea
| | - T K Yoon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, CHA University.,CHA fertility center, Seoul station, Jung-gu, Seoul 04637, Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, 10408, Korea
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Kim HJ, Noh WC, Nam SJ, Park BW, Lee ES, Im SA, Jung YS, Yoon JH, Kang SS, Park KH, Lee SJ, Jung J, Lee MH, Cho SH, Kim SY, Kim HA, Han SH, Han W, Hur MH, Ahn SH. Abstract P4-14-04: Time course changes in serum FSH, estradiol, and menstruation restoration in premenopausal patients with breast cancer taking adjuvant tamoxifen after completing chemotherapy: A report from the ASTRRA study. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-14-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Assessment of restoration of ovarian function after chemotherapy is critical with respect to the initiation of different types of endocrine treatment in young high risk breast cancer patients
METHODS
In total, 1289 women who remained premenopausal or resumed premenopausal status after chemotherapy were randomized to receive 5 years of tamoxifen or 5 years of tamoxifen plus 2 years of ovarian suppression. The patients who did not resume menstruation were followed up for 2 years with tamoxifen treatment after finishing chemotherapy. Prospectively collected consecutive post-chemotherapy hormone and menstruation data were available for 705 breast cancer patients who enrolled tamoxifen-only treatment group or did not resume menstruation during follow up. This analysis evaluated the proportion of patients with pre-menopausal FSH levels (<30 mIU/ml), E2 levels (340 pg/ml), and menstruation at any time point during treatment with tamoxifen.
RESULTS
During 5 years of tamoxifen treatment after chemotherapy for premenopausal breast cancer patients, 62% of patients resumed menstruation. Menstruation returned in 92% of patients under 35 years old but only in 31% of patients over 45 years old. Ovarian function, defined by serum FSH and E2 levels, resumed in 94% and 65% of patients, respectively, over 5 years. Most patients achieved ovarian function restoration during the first 2 years after chemotherapy, with 47.1% resuming menstruation and 86.2% and 50.3% achieving pre-menopausal FSH and E2 levels, respectively, in the first 2 years. Clinical factors related to menstruation restoration were younger age (HR = 6.38, 95% CI 1.33-3.47), 6 month hormone profile after chemotherapy (FSH<30: HR=1.67, 95% CI 1.28-2.17; E2 >40: HR=2.96, 95% CI 2.25-3.89), and anthracycline without taxane chemotherapy (HR=1.63, 95% CI 1.25-2.13).
CONCLUSIONS
During 5 years of tamoxifen treatment after chemotherapy, half of patients experienced menstruation restoration, including most very young patients under 35 years. The majority of patients experienced menstruation restoration in the first 2 years of tamoxifen treatment.
Citation Format: Kim HJ, Noh WC, Nam SJ, Park B-w, Lee ES, Im SA, Jung YS, Yoon JH, Kang SS, Park KH, Lee S-J, Jung J, Lee MH, Cho SH, Kim SY, Kim H-A, Han S-H, Han W, Hur MH, Ahn SH. Time course changes in serum FSH, estradiol, and menstruation restoration in premenopausal patients with breast cancer taking adjuvant tamoxifen after completing chemotherapy: A report from the ASTRRA study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-14-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- HJ Kim
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - WC Noh
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - SJ Nam
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - B-w Park
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - ES Lee
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - SA Im
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - YS Jung
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - JH Yoon
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - SS Kang
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - KH Park
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - S-J Lee
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - J Jung
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - MH Lee
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - SH Cho
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - SY Kim
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - H-A Kim
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - S-H Han
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - W Han
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - MH Hur
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
| | - SH Ahn
- College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Ajou University, School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea; Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea; SoonChunHyang University Colleage of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheon
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Lee KH, Han SH, Yong D, Paik HC, Lee JG, Kim MS, Joo DJ, Choi JS, Kim SI, Kim YS, Park MS, Kim SY, Yoon YN, Kang S, Jeong SJ, Choi JY, Song YG, Kim JM. Acquisition of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Solid Organ Transplantation Recipients. Transplant Proc 2019; 50:3748-3755. [PMID: 30577266 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) can lead to life-threatening outcomes with rapid spread of the carbapenemase gene in solid organ transplantation (SOT) recipients because of limitations of available antibiotics. We examined the characteristics and importance of CPE acquisition in SOT recipients with large numbers of CPE isolates. METHODS Between November 2015 and October 2016, 584 CPE isolates were found in 37 recipients and verified by carbapenemase gene multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). One hundred recipients with at least 2 negative results in carbapenemase PCR for stool surveillance and no CPE isolates in clinical samples were retrospectively included. RESULTS Most CPE isolates were Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing K. pneumoniae (546, 93.5%). The most frequent transplantation organ was lung (43.3%), and the most common sample with CPE isolates other than stool was respiratory tract (22.6%). The median time between SOT and first CPE acquisition was 7 days. All-cause mortality was significantly higher in recipients with CPE than in those without CPE (24.3% vs 10.0%; P = .03). In multivariate regression analysis, stool colonization of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci and/or Clostridium difficile during 30 days before SOT (odds ratio [OR], 3.28; 95% CI, 1.24-8.68; P = .02), lung transplantation (OR, 4.50; 95% CI, 1.19-17.03; P = .03), and intensive care unit stay ≥2 weeks (OR, 6.21; 95% CI, 1.72-22.45; P = .005) were associated with acquisition of CPE. CONCLUSIONS Early posttransplantation CPE acquisition may affect the clinical outcome of SOT recipients. Careful screening for CPE during the early posttransplantation period would be meaningful in recipients with risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Lee
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Han
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - D Yong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H C Paik
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J G Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M S Kim
- Department of Transplantation Surgery and Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D J Joo
- Department of Transplantation Surgery and Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Choi
- Department of Transplantation Surgery and Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S I Kim
- Department of Transplantation Surgery and Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Department of Transplantation Surgery and Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M S Park
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Diseases, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y N Yoon
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Jeong
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Choi
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y G Song
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J M Kim
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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48
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Sohn HM, Baik JS, Hwang JY, Kim SY, Han SH, Kim JH. Devising negative pressure within intercuff space reduces microaspiration. BMC Anesthesiol 2018; 18:181. [PMID: 30509183 PMCID: PMC6278018 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-018-0643-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microaspiration past the tracheal tube cuffs causes ventilator-associated pneumonia. The objective of the current study was to evaluate whether creating negative pressure between the tracheal double cuffs could block the fluid passage past the tracheal tube cuffs. Methods A new negative pressure system was devised between the double cuffs through a suction hole in the intercuff space. Blue-dyed water was instilled above the cuff at negative suction pressures of − 54, − 68, − 82, − 95, − 109, − 122, and − 136 cmH2O, and the volume leaked was measured in an underlying water trap after 10 min. Leakage tests were also performed during positive pressure ventilation, and using higher-viscosity materials. The actual negative pressures delivered at the hole of double cuffs were obtained by placing microcatheter tip between the intercuff space and the artificial trachea. Results No leakage occurred past the double cuff at − 136 cmH2O suction pressure at all tracheal tube cuff pressures. The volume leaked decreased significantly as suction pressure increased. When connected to a mechanical ventilator, no leakage was found at − 54 cmH2suction pressure. Volume of the higher-viscosity materials (dynamic viscosity of 63–108 cP <cP> and 370–430 cP) leaked was small compared to that of normal saline (0.9–1.1 cP). The pressures measured in the intercuff space corresponded to 3.8–5.9% of those applied. Conclusions A new prototype double cuff with negative pressure in the intercuff space completely prevented water leakage. The negative pressure transmitted to the tracheal inner wall was a small percentage of that applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Sohn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Baik
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Hwang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Medical College, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Medical College, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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49
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Kim SK, Rho SJ, Kim SH, Kim SY, Song SH, Yoo JY, Kim CH, Lee SH. Protective effects of diphenyleneiodonium, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 46:153-162. [PMID: 30403294 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
NADPH oxidase (NOX) plays an important role in inflammatory response by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS). The inhibition of NOX has been shown to induce anti-inflammatory effects in a few experimental models. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), a NOX inhibitor, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in a rat model. Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally administered by DPI (5 mg/kg) 30 minutes after intratracheal instillation of LPS (3 mg/kg). After 6 hours, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue were collected. The NOX activity in lung tissue was significantly increased in LPS-treated rats. It was significantly attenuated by DPI. DPI-treated rats showed significant reduction in the intracellular ROS, the number of inflammatory cells, and cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in BALF compared with LPS-treated rats. In lung tissue, DPI-treated rats showed significantly decreased malondialdehyde content and increased activity of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase compared with LPS-treated rats. Lung injury score, myeloperoxidase activity, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression were significantly decreased in DPI-treated rats compared with LPS-treated animals. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that DPI significantly suppressed LPS-induced activation of NF-κB and ERK1/2 and SAPK/JNK in MAPK pathway. Our results suggest that DPI may have protective effects on LPS-induced ALI thorough anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects which may be due to inactivation of the NF-κB, ERK1/2, and SAPK/JNK pathway. These results suggest the therapeutic potential of DPI as an anti-inflammatory agent in ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Kyoung Kim
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seung Joon Rho
- Research Institute of Medical Science, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Kim
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Shin Young Kim
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - So Hyang Song
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jin Young Yoo
- Department of Pathology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Chi Hong Kim
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sang Haak Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
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50
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Kim SY, Jin CY, Kim CH, Yoo YH, Choi SH, Kim GY, Yoon HM, Park HT, Choi YH. Isorhamnetin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in BV2 microglia by inactivating NF-κB, blocking the TLR4 pathway and reducing ROS generation. Int J Mol Med 2018; 43:682-692. [PMID: 30483725 PMCID: PMC6317673 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Isorhamnetin, which is a flavonoid predominantly found in fruits and leaves of various plants, including Hippophae rhamnoides L. and Oenanthe javanica (Blume) DC, is known to possess various pharmacological effects. However, the anti‑inflammatory potential of isorhamnetin remains poorly studied. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory potential of isorhamnetin against inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑stimulated BV2 microglia. To measure the effects of isorhamnetin on inflammatory mediators and cytokines, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, the following methods were used: cell viability assay, griess assay, ELISA, reverse transcriptase‑polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. The results revealed that isorhamnetin significantly suppressed LPS‑induced secretion of pro‑inflammatory mediators, including nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2, without exhibiting significant cytotoxicity. Consistent with these results, isorhamnetin inhibited LPS‑stimulated expression of regulatory enzymes, including inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase‑2 in BV2 cells. Isorhamnetin also downregulated LPS‑induced production and expression of pro‑inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor‑α and interleukin‑1β. The mechanism underlying the anti‑inflammatory effects of isorhamnetin was subsequently evaluated; this flavonoid inhibited the nuclear factor (NF)‑κB signaling pathway by disrupting degradation and phosphorylation of inhibitor κB‑α in the cytoplasm and blocking translocation of NF‑κB p65 into the nucleus. In addition, isorhamnetin effectively suppressed LPS‑induced expression of Toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor 88. It also suppressed the binding of LPS with TLR4 in BV2 cells. Furthermore, isorhamnetin markedly reduced LPS‑induced generation of ROS in BV2 cells, thus indicating a strong antioxidative effect. Collectively, these results suggested that isorhamnetin may suppress LPS‑mediated inflammatory action in BV2 microglia through inactivating the NF‑κB signaling pathway, antagonizing TLR4 and eliminating ROS accumulation. Further studies are required to fully understand the anti‑inflammatory effects associated with the antioxidant capacity of isorhamnetin; however, the findings of the present study suggested that isorhamnetin may have potential benefits in inhibiting the onset and treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Young Kim
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheng-Yun Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Cheol Hong Kim
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hyun Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Mitochondria Hub Regulation Center, College of Medicine, Dong‑A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Choi
- Department of System Management, Korea Lift College, Geochang, South Gyeongsang 50141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Min Yoon
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Tae Park
- Department of Physiology, Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center, College of Medicine, Dong‑A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
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