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Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02351-0. [PMID: 38530620 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02351-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on cancer has yet to be fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cancer. METHODS We searched the PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov databases up to July 15, 2023, to identify eligible randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials that lasted at least ≥24 weeks. The primary outcome was the overall cancer incidence, and the secondary outcomes were the incidences of various types of cancer. We used the Mantel-Haenszel method, fixed effects model, risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to analyze dichotomous variables. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the SGLT2 inhibitor type, baseline conditions, and follow-up duration. All meta-analyses were performed using RevMan5.4.1 and Stata MP 16.0. RESULTS A total of 58 publications (59 trials) were included, comprising 113,909 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or chronic kidney disease and/or high cardiovascular risk and/or heart failure (SGLT2 inhibitor group, 63864; placebo group, 50045). Compared to the placebo SGLT2 inhibitors did not significantly increase the overall incidence of cancer (RR 1.01; 95% CI 0.94-1.08; p = 0.82). However, ertugliflozin did significantly increase the overall incidence of cancer (RR 1.29; 95% CI 1.01-1.64; p = 0.04). SGLT2 inhibitors did not increase the risks of bladder or breast cancer. However, dapagliflozin did significantly reduce the risk of bladder cancer by 47% (RR 0.53; 95% CI 0.35-0.81; p = 0.003). SGLT2 inhibitors had no significant effect on the risks of gastrointestinal, thyroid, skin, respiratory, prostate, uterine/endometrial, hepatic and pancreatic cancers. Dapagliflozin reduced the risk of respiratory cancer by 26% (RR 0.74; 95% CI 0.55-1.00; p = 0.05). SGLT2 inhibitors (particularly mediated by dapagliflozin and ertugliflozin but not statistically significant) were associated with a greater risk of renal cancer than the placebo (RR 1.39; 95% CI 1.04-1.87; p = 0.03). CONCLUSION SGLT2 inhibitors did not significantly increase the overall risk of cancer or the risks of bladder and breast cancers. However, the higher risk of renal cancer associated with SGLT2 inhibitors warrants concern.
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CXADR-Like Membrane Protein Regulates Colonic Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Prevents Tumor Growth. Gastroenterology 2024; 166:103-116.e9. [PMID: 37716376 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS CXADR-like membrane protein (CLMP) is structurally related to coxsackie and adenovirus receptor. Pathogenic variants in CLMP gene have been associated with congenital short bowel syndrome, implying a role for CLMP in intestinal development. However, the contribution of CLMP to regulating gut development and homeostasis is unknown. METHODS In this study, we investigated CLMP function in the colonic epithelium using complementary in vivo and in vitro approaches, including mice with inducible intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-specific deletion of CLMP (ClmpΔIEC), intestinal organoids, IECs with overexpression, or loss of CLMP and RNA sequencing data from individuals with colorectal cancer. RESULTS Loss of CLMP enhanced IEC proliferation and, conversely, CLMP overexpression reduced proliferation. Xenograft experiments revealed increased tumor growth in mice implanted with CLMP-deficient colonic tumor cells, and poor engraftment was observed with CLMP-overexpressing cells. ClmpΔIEC mice showed exacerbated tumor burden in an azoxymethane and dextran sulfate sodium-induced colonic tumorigenesis model, and CLMP expression was reduced in human colorectal cancer samples. Mechanistic studies revealed that CLMP-dependent regulation of IEC proliferation is linked to signaling through mTOR-Akt-β-catenin pathways. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal novel insights into CLMP function in the colonic epithelium, highlighting an important role in regulating IEC proliferation, suggesting tumor suppressive function in colon cancer.
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Unraveling the molecular mechanisms of selenite reduction: transcriptomic analysis of Bacillus reveals the key role of sulfur assimilation. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:1513-1520. [PMID: 37864746 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03439-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Selenite biotransformation by microorganisms is an effective detoxification and assimilation process. However, current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of selenite reduction remains circumscribed. Here, the reduction of Se(IV) by a highly selenite-resistant Bacillus sp. SL (up to 50 mM) was systematically analyzed, and the molecular mechanisms of selenite reduction were investigated. Remarkably, 10 mM selenite was entirely transformed by the strain SL within 20 h, demonstrating a faster conversion rate compared to other microorganisms. Furthermore, glutathione (GSH) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) changes were also monitored during the process. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the genes of ferredoxin-sulfite oxidoreductase (6.82) and sulfate adenylyltransferase (6.32) were significantly upregulated, indicating that the sulfur assimilation pathway is the primary reducing pathway involved in selenite reduction by strain SL. Moreover, key genes associated with NAD(P)/FAD-dependent oxidoreductases and thioredoxin were significantly upregulated. The reduction of Se(IV) was mediated by multiple pathways in strain SL. To our knowledge, this is the initial report to identify the involvement of sulfur assimilation pathway in selenite reduction for bacillus, which is rare in aerobic bacteria.
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Diamond Quantum Sensing Revealing the Relation between Free Radicals and Huntington's Disease. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:1427-1436. [PMID: 37521781 PMCID: PMC10375573 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a well-studied yet rare disease caused by a specific mutation that results in the expression of polyglutamine (PolyQ). The formation of aggregates of PolyQ leads to disease and increases the level of free radicals. However, it is unclear where free radicals are generated and how they impact cells. To address this, a new method called relaxometry was used to perform nanoscale MRI measurements with a subcellular resolution. The method uses a defect in fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) that changes its optical properties based on its magnetic surroundings, allowing for sensitive detection of free radicals. To investigate if radical generation occurs near PolyQ aggregates, stable tetracycline (tet)-inducible HDQ119-EGFP-expressing human embryonic kidney cells (HEK PQ) were used to induce the PolyQ formation and Huntington aggregation. The study found that NDs are highly colocalized with PolyQ aggregates at autolysosomes, and as the amount of PolyQ aggregation increased, so did the production of free radicals, indicating a relationship between PolyQ aggregation and autolysosome dysfunction.
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39P Preliminary clinical investigations and mechanism exploration of furmonertinib in NSCLC with EGFR exon 20 insertion. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(23)00293-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Peripheral Indicators of Dysbiosis in Heart Transplant Recipients (PoD-HTR). J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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48P Efficacy analysis and mechanism exploration of furmonertinib for advanced NSCLC with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation. ESMO Open 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.100906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
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[High expression of CCBE1 in adjacent tissues of tongue squamous cell carcinoma is correlated with pericancerous lymphatic vessel proliferation and poor 5-year survival outcomes]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:1545-1551. [PMID: 36329590 PMCID: PMC9637508 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.10.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the correlation of CCBE1 expression in adjacent tissues of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) with pericancerous lymphatic vessel proliferation, cervical lymph node metastasis and survival outcomes of the patients. METHODS Lymphatic vessel density was quantified in pericancerous tissue sections of 44 cases of cT1-2N0 TSCC using D2-40 as the lymphatic vessel endothelial marker for calibration and counting of the lymphatic vessels. Of these 44 cases, 22 showed a relatively low lymphatic vessel density (group A) and the other 22 had a high lymphatic vessel density (group B), and the expression levels of CCBE1 in the adjacent tissues determined using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence assay and Western blotting were compared between the two groups. The expression level of CCBE1 was also measured in another 90 patients with TSCC using immunohistochemistry, and all the patients were followed up for their survival outcomes. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting showed a significantly lower rate of high CCBE1 expression in group A than in group B (P < 0.05). Immunofluorescence assay showed co-localization of CCBE1 and D2-40 in the adjacent tissues of TSCC. In the 90 TSCC patients with complete follow-up data, a high expression of CCBE1 was found to correlate with lymph node metastasis and a poor 5-year survival outcomes of the patients (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION A high expression of CCBE1 in the adjacent tissues of TSCC is closely related with pericancerous lymphatic vessel proliferation, cervical lymph node metastasis and a poor 5-year survival of the patients, suggesting the value of CCBE1 as a potential prognostic predictor for TSCC.
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Abstract
Junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) is expressed in several cell types, including epithelial and endothelial cells, as well as some leukocytes. In intestinal epithelial cells (IEC), JAM-A localizes to cell junctions and plays a role in regulating barrier function. In vitro studies with model cell lines have shown that JAM-A contributes to IEC migration; however, in vivo studies investigating the role of JAM-A in cell migration-dependent processes such as mucosal wound repair have not been performed. In this study, we developed an inducible intestinal epithelial-specific JAM-A-knockdown mouse model (Jam-aERΔIEC). While acute induction of IEC-specific loss of JAM-A did not result in spontaneous colitis, such mice had significantly impaired mucosal healing after chemically induced colitis and after biopsy colonic wounding. In vitro primary cultures of JAM-A-deficient IEC demonstrated impaired migration in wound healing assays. Mechanistic studies revealed that JAM-A stabilizes formation of protein signaling complexes containing Rap1A/Talin/β1 integrin at focal adhesions of migrating IECs. Loss of JAM-A in primary IEC led to decreased Rap1A activity and protein levels of Talin and β1 integrin, and it led to a reduction in focal adhesion structures. These findings suggest that epithelial JAM-A plays a critical role in controlling mucosal repair in vivo through dynamic regulation of focal adhesions.
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896P Multiple radiomic biomarkers-based machine learning model to predict responses of surufatinib-treated advanced neuroendocrine tumor (NET): A multicenter exploratory study. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Different toxicity to liver and gill of zebrafish by selenium nanoparticles derived from bio/chemical methods. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:61512-61521. [PMID: 35445301 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the wide application of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in pharmaceutical fields, the toxicity assessment is of great significance. In this study, zebrafish were selected as model organisms to compare the toxicity of SeNPs derived from biological and chemical methods. The results showed that the size of bio-SeNPs was about 5-fold bigger than chem-SeNPs. When exposed to SeNPs for 96 h, LC50 of bio-SeNPs and chem-SeNPs was 1.668 mg/L and 0.699 mg/L, respectively. Compared with the control, the results showed a significant increase in oxidative toxicity index (P < 0.05), such as glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) of the liver, and gill in SeNPs-treated group. The neurotoxicity index, such as acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and Na+-K+-ATP enzyme activity, was significantly decreased both in the liver and gill (P < 0.05). It was found that the toxicity of bio-SeNPs to the liver and gill of zebrafish was lower than chem-SeNPs and the toxicity to the liver was higher than gill. In this study, the toxicity of chem-SeNPs and bio-SeNPs to the target organs of zebrafish were systematically evaluated, which provided the basis for the safe application of SeNPs synthesized by different pathways.
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[Atorvastatin inhibits malignant behaviors and induces apoptosis in human glioma cells by up-regulating miR-146a and inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:899-904. [PMID: 35790441 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.06.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of atorvastatin (AVT) on biological behaviors and the miR-146a/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in human glioma cells. METHODS Human glioma U251 cells were treated with 8.0 μmol/L AVT or transfected with a miR-146a inhibitor or a negative control fragment (miR-146a NC) prior to AVT treatment. RT-PCR was used to detect miR-146a expression in the cells, and the changes in cell proliferation rate, apoptosis, cell invasion and migration were detected using MTT assay, flow cytometry, and Transwell assay. Western blotting was performed to detect the changes in cellular expressions of proteins in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. RESULTS AVT treatment for 48 h resulted in significantly increased miR-146a expression and cell apoptosis (P < 0.01) and obviously lowered the cell proliferation rate, invasion index, migration index, and expressions of p-PI3K and p-Akt protein in U251 cells (P < 0.01). Compared with AVT treatment alone, transfection with miR-146a inhibitor prior to AVT treatment significantly reduced miR-146a expression and cell apoptosis (P < 0.01), increased the cell proliferation rate, promoted cell invasion and migration, and enhanced the expressions of p-PI3K and p-Akt proteins in the cells (P < 0.01); these effects were not observed following transfection with miR-146a NC group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION AVT can inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration and promote apoptosis of human glioma cells possibly by up-regulating miR-146a expression and inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Abstract No. 90 Contemporary management and outcomes of liver trauma: a National Trauma Data Bank analysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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JAM-A signals through the Hippo pathway to regulate intestinal epithelial proliferation. iScience 2022; 25:104316. [PMID: 35602956 PMCID: PMC9114518 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
JAM-A is a tight-junction-associated protein that contributes to regulation of intestinal homeostasis. We report that JAM-A interacts with NF2 and LATS1, functioning as an initiator of the Hippo signaling pathway, well-known for regulation of proliferation. Consistent with these findings, we observed increased YAP activity in JAM-A-deficient intestinal epithelial cells (IEC). Furthermore, overexpression of a dimerization-deficient mutant, JAM-A-DL1, failed to initiate Hippo signaling, phenocopying JAM-A-deficient IEC, whereas overexpression of JAM-A-WT activated Hippo signaling and suppressed proliferation. Lastly, we identify EVI1, a transcription factor reported to promote cellular proliferation, as a contributor to the pro-proliferative phenotype in JAM-A-DL1 overexpressing IEC downstream of YAP. Collectively, our findings establish a new role for JAM-A as a cell-cell contact sensor, raising implications for understanding the contribution(s) of JAM-A to IEC proliferation in the mammalian epithelium.
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Indole metabolism by phenol-stimulated activated sludges: Performance, microbial communities and network analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 207:112660. [PMID: 34995547 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Indole and phenol often coexist in the coking wastewater, while the effects of phenol on microbial communities of indole metabolism were less explored. In this study, the microbial interactions within activated sludge microbial communities stimulated by indole (group A) or by indole and phenol (group B) were systematically investigated in sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). The results showed that the removal of indole was increased by adding phenol. By using high-throughput sequencing technology, it was found that α-diversity was reduced in both groups. According to the relative abundance analysis, the indole-degrading genus Comamonas was the core genus in both groups (33.94% and 61.40%). But another indole-degrading genus Pseudomonas was only enriched in group A with 12.22% relative abundance. Meanwhile, common aromatic degrading genus Dyella and Thermomonas were enriched only in group B. It was found that the relative abundance of cytochrome P450 and styrene degradation enzymes were increased in group B by PICRUSt analysis. Based on the phylogenetic molecular ecological networks (pMENs), module hub OTU_1149 (Burkholderia) was only detected in group B, and the positive interactions between the key functional genus Burkholderia and other bacteria were increased. This study provides new insights into our understanding of indole metabolism communities stimulated by phenol, which would provide useful information for practical coking wastewater treatment.
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Treatment-related adverse events as predictive biomarkers of efficacy in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors treated with surufatinib: results from two phase III studies. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100453. [PMID: 35344750 PMCID: PMC9058866 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background No validated biomarkers currently exist for predicting the efficacy outcomes in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) treated with antiangiogenic therapy. We aimed to evaluate the association between treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) and efficacy outcomes of surufatinib in patients with advanced NET. Patients and methods We included patients with NET treated with surufatinib in two multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trials (SANET-p and SANET-ep) in this study. The main exposure was the presence of any of the TRAEs including hypertension, proteinuria, and hemorrhage in the first 4 weeks of surufatinib treatment. The primary outcome of the study was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS). PFS outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method with the log-rank test. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated by using univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models. Blinded independent image review committee (BIIRC) assessments and 4-week landmark analysis were also performed as supportive evaluations. Results During the study period, a total of 242 patients treated with surufatinib were included in the analysis, and 164 (68%) patients had at least one of hypertension, proteinuria, and hemorrhage in the first 4 weeks of treatment. The presence of TRAEs in the first 4 weeks was associated with prolonged median PFS [11.1 versus 9.2 months; HR 0.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.47-0.97; P = 0.036]. In multivariable Cox regression analysis, the presence of TRAEs was also significantly associated with longer PFS (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44-0.97; P = 0.035). Similar results were obtained in the BIIRC assessments and 4-week landmark analysis. Conclusions Treatment-related hypertension, proteinuria, and hemorrhage could be potential biomarkers to predict antitumor efficacy of surufatinib in patients with advanced NET. Future prospective studies are needed to validate the findings. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT02589821; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02589821 and ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02588170; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02588170 Treatment-related hypertension, proteinuria, or hemorrhage is associated with longer survival in NETs. The association is confirmed by the BIIRC assessments and 4-week landmark analysis. TRAEs can be biomarkers to predict antitumor efficacy in patients with NET.
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Development and validation of an individualized nomogram for predicting the high-volume (> 5) central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:507-515. [PMID: 34491546 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01675-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) frequently presents a favorable clinical outcome, while aggressive invasiveness can also be found in some of this population. Identifying the risk clinical factors of high-volume (> 5) central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in PTMC patients could help oncologists make a better-individualized clinical decision. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinical characteristics of adult patients with PTC in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between Jan 2010 and Dec 2015 and in one medical center affiliated to Chongqing Medical University between Jan 2018 and Oct 2020. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors for high volume of CLNM in PTMC patients. RESULTS The male gender (OR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.46-2.81), larger tumor size (> 5 mm, OR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.13-2.38), multifocality (OR = 1.87, 95% CI 1.40-2.51), and extrathyroidal invasion (OR = 3.67; 95% CI 2.64-5.10) were independent risk factors in promoting high-volume of CLNM in PTMC patients. By contrast, elderly age (≥ 55 years) at diagnosis (OR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.40-0.81) and PTMC-follicular variate (OR = 0.60, 95% CI 0.42-0.87) were determined as the protective factors. Based on these indicators, a nomogram was further constructed with a good concordance index (C-index) of 0.702, supported by an external validating cohort with a promising C-index of 0.811. CONCLUSION A nomogram was successfully established and validated with six clinical indicators. This model could help surgeons to make a better-individualized clinical decision on the management of PTMC patients, especially in terms of whether prophylactic central lymph node dissection and postoperative radiotherapy should be warranted.
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Selenium nanoparticles with photocatalytic properties synthesized by residual activated sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151163. [PMID: 34699821 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The treatment and disposal of residual activated sludge is a worldwide problem and the research on its reuse is still only in the earliest stages. Selenite is a toxic pollutant, while selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are environmentally friendly and have promising application prospects. At present, the reduction mechanism of selenite under the complex system is still poorly understood. In order to explore the mechanism of SeNPs synthesis by activated sludge resource utilization, SeNPs were synthesized by activated sludge extracts of domestic sewage (DSeNPs) and coking sewage (CSeNPs), respectively. The synthesis process, zeta potential and morphology size of SeNPs were changed by pH value, extract concentration and extract composition. Under the same synthesis conditions, the morphologies of DSeNPs and CSeNPs were mainly spherical and pseudo-spherical, while CSeNPs also contained pseudo-rod shape particles. The sizes and crystal grains of CSeNPs were smaller than those of DSeNPs. Compared with DSeNPs, a specific protein (~35 kDa) was found on the surface of CSeNPs using SDS-PAGE. By analyzing the fluorescence images of the two SeNPs, it was found that the relative contents of proteins, α-d-glucopyranose polysaccharides, and β-d-glucopyranose polysaccharides on their surfaces were obviously different (P < 0.05). The present study demonstrated that proteins, polysaccharides, humic-like and fulvic acid-like substances cooperated in the formation and stabilization of SeNPs. Furthermore, CSeNPs (bandgap: 1.68 eV) had more desirable photocatalytic performance than DSeNPs (bandgap: 1.84 eV). Under the light condition, CSeNPs could degrade Rhodamine B faster without adding hydrogen peroxide. This experiment provided a new insight into the resource utilization of activated sludge and a reference for the synthesis of nanometer selenium with excellent performance.
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Dynamic myocardial response to exercise in children with transposition of the great arteries post arterial switch operation. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab289.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
The arterial switch operation (ASO) has improved outcomes for patients with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) however the long-term impact on myocardial function and functional reserve during exercise remains poorly described. The aim of this study was to evaluate left (LV), and right ventricular (RV) myocardial response to exercise in children post ASO using semi-supine cycle ergometry stress echocardiography (SSCE).
Methods
This is a single-center cross-sectional study. Participants prospectively underwent exercise stress echocardiography using a semi-supine bicycle and a stepwise exercise protocol. Systolic (s’) and diastolic (e’) tissue Doppler velocities, as well as myocardial acceleration during isovolumic contraction (IVA) were measured at rest and during exercise at incremental heart rates (HR) in the basal segments of the RV lateral wall, IVS and LV lateral wall. Systolic and diastolic reserve were evaluated by plotting s’ and e’ against HR while contractile reserve was assessed by plotting IVA values against HR which represents the force-frequency relationship (FFR).
Results
A total of 40 patients with TGA and 29 controls were included. There were no differences between groups in age (14.6 ± 2.9 vs 14.3 ± 3.1 years, p= 0.75), sex (male= 30/40 vs 20/29 p= 0.58), and resting HR (67 ± 12 vs. 71 ± 12 bpm, p = 0.31). Peak HR was lower in the ASO group (142.2 ±12.4 vs 157 ± 12.3 bpm, p< 0.01). At rest, the ASO group showed lower s’ in the RV and IVS (RV s’: 5.7 ± 1.4 vs. 10.2 ± 2.1 cm/s, p <0.001; IVS s’: 4.2 ± 1.3 vs. 6.2 ± 1.8 cm/s, p< 0.001); lower IVA in the IVS and LV (IVS: 1.01 ± 0.37 vs. 1.23 ± 0.4 m/s2, p= 0.03; LV: 0.86 ± 0.32 vs. 1.1 ± 0.4 m/s2, p =0.02), and reduced e’ in all segments. At peak exercise the ASO group showed reduced s’, e’, and IVA in all segments (table1). When plotted against HR, there was blunting of the s’ slope in RV and septal segments while the LV s’ slope was similar between groups. There were no differences in e’ slope when compared to controls (figure 1). The ASO group showed a blunted IVA response to HR in all measured segments compared to controls.
Conclusion(s):
Our data demonstrate patients post ASO have reduced RV and LV contractile reserve in response to exercise. The etiology and long-term implications of these abnormalities however remains to be described. Abstract Figure. Doppler velocities at baseline and peak Abstract Figure. Dynamic response to exercise
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A prospective study on vulvovaginal candidiasis: multicentre molecular epidemiology of pathogenic yeasts in China. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 36:566-572. [PMID: 34908189 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is frequent in women of reproductive age, but very limited data are available on the epidemiology in cases of VVC in China. OBJECTIVES The current study has been conducted to reveal the prevalence, species distribution of yeast causing VVC and molecular genetics of Candida albicans in China. METHODS Vaginal swabs were collected from 543 VVC outpatients recruited in 12 hospitals in China between September 2017 and March 2018. They were preliminarily incubated on Sabouraud dextrose agar and then positive subjects of which were then transmitted to our institute for further identification. CHROMagar™ was used to isolate Candida species, and all isolates were finally identified by DNA sequencing. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to analyse phylogenetic relationships of the various C. albicans isolates. RESULTS Eleven different yeast species were identified in 543 isolates, among which C. albicans (84.7%) was the most frequent, followed by C. glabrata (8.7%). We obtained 117 unique diploid sequence types from 451 clinical C. albicans isolates and 92 isolates (20.4%) belonged to a New Clade. All the strains appearing in the New Clade were from northern China and they were isolated from non-recurrent VVC. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that C. albicans are still the main cause of VVC in China and the majority of C. albicans isolates belongs to Clade 1 with DST 79 and DST 45 being two most common. Moreover, the New Clade revealed in our study seems to be specific to northern China.
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Food system development pathways for healthy, nature-positive and inclusive food systems. NATURE FOOD 2021; 2:928-934. [PMID: 37118243 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-021-00421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable food systems require the integration of and alignment between recommendations for food and land use practices, as well as an understanding of the political economy context and identification of entry points for change. We propose a food systems transformation framework that takes these elements into account and links long-term goals with short-term measures and policies, ultimately guiding the decomposition of transformation pathways into concrete steps. Taking the transition to healthier and more sustainable diets as an example, we underscore the centrality of social inclusion to the food systems transformation debate.
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The spatial form periosteal-bone complex promotes bone regeneration by coordinating macrophage polarization and osteogenic-angiogenic events. Mater Today Bio 2021; 12:100142. [PMID: 34647005 PMCID: PMC8495177 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone defects associated with soft tissue injuries are an important cause of deformity that threatens people’s health and quality of life. Although bone substitutes have been extensively explored, effective biomaterials that can coordinate early inflammation regulation and subsequent repair events are still lacking. We prepared a spatial form periosteal bone extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold, which has advantages in terms of low immunogenicity, good retention of bioactive ingredients, and a natural spatial structure. The periosteal bone ECM scaffold with the relatively low-stiffness periosteum (41.6 ± 3.7 kPa) could inhibit iNOS and IL-1β expression, which might be related to actin-mediated YAP translocation. It also helped to promote CD206 expression with the potential influence of proteins related to immune regulation. Moreover, the scaffold combined the excellent properties of decalcified bone and periosteum, promoted the formation of blood vessels, and good osteogenic differentiation (RUNX2, Col 1α1, ALP, OPN, and OCN), and achieved good repair of a cranial defect in rats. This scaffold, with its natural structural and biological advantages, provides a new idea for bone healing treatment that is aligned with bone physiology. We provided a spatial form periosteal-bone complex. The scaffold preserved major biological components and spatial structure. The periosteum part of the scaffold acted as a physical barrier. The scaffold participated in the transformation of the macrophage phenotype. The scaffold promoted osteogenesis and angiogenesis.
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Genome-wide identification of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding (Lhc) family in Gossypium hirsutum reveals the influence of GhLhcb2.3 on chlorophyll a synthesis. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23:831-842. [PMID: 34263979 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding (Lhc) family proteins play a significant role in photosynthetic processes. Our objective was systematic identification and analysis of the Lhc family in cotton, as well as the relationship between Lhc family genes and chlorophyll synthesis during photosynthetic processes. We used genome-wide identification, phylogenetic analysis, chromosomal distribution and collinearity to examine potential functions of Lhc superfamily genes in upland cotton. Subcellular localization, qRT-PCR, a yeast two hybrid (Y2H) , and Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) experiment were used to explore function of GhLhcb2.3. Focusing on GhLhc family, gene structural analysis of G. hirsutum Lhc family genes (GhLhc) indicated the conservation of selected Lhc family members. The expression pattern of GhLhc proteins shows that Lhc family proteins are important for photosynthetic processes in leaves. Results of subcellular localization and qRT-PCR in different cotton varieties showed that GhLhcb2.3 is closely related to chloroplast chlorophyll. Y2H found extensive heteromeric interactions between the GhLhcb2.3 and GhLhcb1.4. Subcellular localization revealed that GhLhcb1.4 is located in chloroplasts. VIGS showed that GhLhcb2.3 influenced chlorophyll a synthesis. We comprehensively identified Lhc family genes in cotton, characterized these genes and reveal the influence of GhLhcb2.3 on chlorophyll a synthesis.
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892P The genomic features of Chinese oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas and the implications for therapy. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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833O A phase Ib study result of HMPL-689, a PI3Kδ inhibitor, in Chinese patients with relapsed/refractory lymphoma. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Expression Level and Clinical Significance of Inflammatory Cytokines and Biochemical Markers in Gingival Crevicular Fluid During Different Crown Adhesion Patterns of Dental Implant. Niger J Clin Pract 2021; 24:1181-1187. [PMID: 34397028 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_152_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the expression level and clinical significance of inflammatory factors and biochemical markers in gingival crevicular fluid during different crown-binding styles in dental implant patients. Methods A total of 38 patients with posterior tooth loss and implant repair were recruited and divided into two groups according to the different ways of crown bonding, including 19 prostheses (19 patients) in the adhesive retainer group and 19 prostheses (19 patients) in the modified adhesive retainer group. Moreover, the peri-implant gingival sulcus fluids of each group of patients were collected at 7, 15, 30, 60, and 90 d of post-treatment, and the expression level of each cytokine as well as biochemical marker were analyzed by enzyme-linked adsorption method, respectively. Results Compared with the control group, the peri-implant plaque index and gingival bleeding index were decreased in the observation group. In addition, the secretion of peri-implant gingival crevicular fluid in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The level of IL-6, TNF-α expressions in peri-implant gingival crevicular fluid were gradually decreased with follow-up time, and the rate of decline gets slow at 15 h after operation. The TGFα in peri-implant gingival crevicular fluid in the two groups began to increase at 7 d, reached a peak at about 15 d, then slowly decreased and stabilized after 60 d. While the OCN was gradually increased during the whole detection process, slowly released before 30 d, then increasingly released and maintained at a peak state after 60 d. All the above differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Different crown-binding patterns of implant teeth have a significant effect on the secretion amount of peri-implant gingival crevicular fluid and the expression level of inflammatory cytokines as well as biochemical markers.
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DIGITAL SPATIAL PROFILING OF DIFFUSE LARGE B‐CELL LYMPHOMAS REVEALS STING AS AN IMMUNE‐RELATED DETERMINANT OF SURVIVAL AFTER R‐CHOP THERAPY. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.8_2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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MYC, BCL2 AND BCL6 COEXPRESSION PATTERNS AT SINGLE‐CELL RESOLUTION RE‐DEFINE DOUBLE EXPRESSOR LYMPHOMAS. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.9_2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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[A case of intestinal angiomyofibroblastoma complicated with stomach cancer]. ZHONGHUA WEI CHANG WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY 2021; 24:452-453. [PMID: 34000776 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200911-00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
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[Evaluation of the effect of free fibular flap transplantation in repairing mandibular osteoradionecrosis defect in 151 cases]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2021; 56:428-434. [PMID: 33904276 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20210122-00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of free fibula flap transplantation in repairing the defect of mandibular osteoradionecrosis (ORN). Methods: A total of 151 mandibular ORN patients undergoing free fibular flap transplantation were selected from August 2005 to September 2020 in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University. Among them, 109 patients were males and 42 patients were females, aged (54.1±10.1) (ranged 31-85) years old. The clinical data of the patients was collected and the survival rate of the flaps and postoperative function were calculated to evaluate the surgical efficacy. The χ2 test was used for difference analysis. Results: Among the 151 patients, mandibular ORN caused by radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma accounted for 79.5% (120/151). The average time for mandibular ORN appeared was 5(6) years after radiotherapy. Facial artery [57.2%(87/152)] and superior thyroid artery (50/152, 32.9%) were the main anastomotic arteries in the recipient area. There was no significant difference in the necrosis rates of the two flaps [10.3%(9/87) and 12.5%(5/50), respectively, P=0.949]. The main anastomotic veins in the recipient area were the external jugular vein [48.4%(135/279)] and the common facial vein [26.5%(74/279)]. Twenty-five cases (16.6%) had one vein anastomosed, and 126 cases (83.44%) had two veins anastomosed. There was no significant difference in the flap necrosis rate between the two conditions [20.0%(5/25) and 7.1%(9/126), respectively, P=0.100]. Ninety-seven cases (64.2%) used the peroneal musculocutaneous-fascia composite flap to repair the maxillofacial soft and hard tissue defects. Thirteen cases (8.6%) underwent the restorations with digital virtual surgery design, of which 5 cases were repaired with dental implants at the same time. After the operations, lower respiratory tract infection occurred in 17 patients (11.3%), and upper respiratory tract obstruction occurred in 3 cases (2.0%). The survival rate of the flap after operation was 90.7% (136/151), and 21 patients (13.9%) had flap vascular crisis. Delayed healing of maxillofacial wounds occurred in 33 cases (21.9%). After 3 to 24 months of follow-ups, 110 patients (76.9%) had no fistula inside/outside the oral cavity, 118 patients (82.5%) had an improvement in opening mouth of increasing (≥0.5 cm) after surgery, 135 patients (94.4%) had pain relief, 97 cases (67.8%) could eat normal diet, semi-liquid or soft food, and 137 cases (95.8%) were satisfied or basically satisfied with the treatment effects. Conclusions: The free fibular flap transplantation is an effective method to repair mandibular ORN defects. Preoperative vascular assessment is helpful for the selection of recipient vessels. Facial artery, superior thyroid artery, external jugular vein and common facial vein can be used as the main recipient vessels. The repair of the peroneal musculocutaneous-fascia composite flap facilitates the closure of internal and external fistulas. Digital technology can help to restore the maxillofacial shape more accurately, improve the patient's occlusal and chewing function and enhance the quality of life of mandibular ORN patients.
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JAM‐A signals through the Hippo pathway to regulate intestinal epithelial proliferation. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.05127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abstract No. 45 Contemporary trends in the management and outcome of patients with traumatic pelvic fractures: a National Trauma Data Bank study. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Abstract No. 54 Utilization and efficacy of prophylactic inferior vena cava filter placement in severely injured trauma patients at high thromboembolic event risk: a National Trauma Data Bank Study. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Can the Heart Donor Pool be Expanded? Outcomes with “Borderline” Hearts Using a Novel Donor Utilization Score. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Outcomes of Heart Transplant from Donors with a History of Heavy Alcohol Use: Don't Throw the Baby Out with the Bathtub Gin. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Predicting Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy Profiles Using Machine Learning Clustering. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Antibacterial properties and mechanism of selenium nanoparticles synthesized by Providencia sp. DCX. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 194:110630. [PMID: 33345899 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have attracted great interest as a potential antimicrobial agent. However, there is limited research on the antibacterial activity and possible mechanisms of biosynthesized SeNPs. In this study, spherical bio-SeNPs with an average size of 120 nm were synthesized by strain Providencia sp. DCX. The SeNPs were further applied to investigate the antibacterial properties of model bacteria, including Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Vibrio parahemolyticus). The biosynthesized SeNPs demonstrated strong inhibition activity against the growth of these pathogens. When treated with 500 mg/L SeNPs, most of the tested bacteria were destructed within 12 h, among which the mortality rates of Gram-negative bacteria were much better. The leakage tests illustrated that there existed more proteins and polysaccharides outside the cells after reacted with bio-SeNPs. It was indicated that the leakages of proteins and polysaccharides were caused by permeability changes of membranes and the disruption of cell walls. And the change of reactive oxygen species (ROS) intensity indicated that oxidative damage may play the significant role in the antibacterial processes. The results showed that several bacteria could be effectively inhibited and destructed, suggesting the potential of using the biosynthesized SeNPs as antibacterial agents for bacterial infectious diseases.
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Early surveillance of anthracycline induced cardiotoxicity in children using echocardiography and biomarkers: A prospective study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa356.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): CIHR
Background
Anthracyclines, which are commonly used in cancer treatment can induce myocardial damage, result in heart failure during treatment and have cardiac effects even decades after treatment. Monitoring of cardiotoxicity during treatment is largely based on the use of echocardiographic functional markers like ejection fraction and more recently myocardial strain imaging. Some studies have also looked at the utility of biomarkers like troponin and BNP. The utility of this surveillance strategy remains controversial as larger prospective studies are lacking.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to prospectively describe the impact of anthracycline treatment on echocardiographic functional parameters and cardiac biomarkers (high sensitivity troponin T and NT-Pro BNP) during the treatment period and twelve months after completion of treatment. In the current study we wanted to look at whether monitoring parameters during treatment were predictive of left ventricular function 12 months after treatment.
Methods
This was a prospective multi-centre nested case-control study of 256 children diagnosed with cancer requiring anthracycline therapy. Baseline functional echocardiographic parameters and cardiac biomarkers were obtained prior to starting anthracycline therapy, during the treatment protocol, and 12 months after treatment completion. Patients were assigned to one of two comparison groups based on the fractional shortening at the12-month echocardiogram: patients in group 1 had normal fractional shortening, (FS ³ 28%) while patients in group 2 had reduced fractional shortening (FS < 28%).
Results
A total of 917 echoes were performed, 376 of these occurred during the treatment period. FS was reduced in 27 (7%) of echoes obtained during the treatment period with 22 patients developing new onset dysfunction. Twelve months after treatment completion 232 patients had normal FS (Group 1), while 24 patients showed reduced FS (Group 2). Both groups had normal systolic function and cardiac biomarkers at baseline, however patients in group 2 were older at diagnosis (13.2 years (11.8-16) vs 6.5 years (3.4-13.2), p = 0.003) and received a higher cumulative anthracycline dose (200 mg/m2 (143-318) vs 125 mg/m2 (75-200), p= 0.005). One third (8/24) of patients in group 2 had at least 1 abnormal echo during the treatment period compared to 7% (16/232) in the normal group P < 0.001. The proportion of patients with at least one abnormal biomarker during this period however, was similar between groups.
Conclusion(s)
Patients receiving higher accumulative anthracycline doses and those with abnormal FS during the treatment period are at higher risk of having reduced cardiac function 12 months after treatment. High sensitivity troponin and NT-Pro BNP levels during the treatment period fail to discriminate patients at risk of developing early reduced systolic function. The relationship of these early results to long term cardiac function remains to be demonstrated.
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Investigation of Practice Patterns in Elderly Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer and Prediction of Survival by a Validated Model. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Targeting Toll-like receptor 4 with CLI-095 (TAK-242) enhances the antimetastatic effect of the estrogen receptor antagonist fulvestrant on non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 22:2074-2086. [PMID: 32367494 PMCID: PMC7505887 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Estrogen plays a critical role in the invasiveness and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through estrogen receptor β (ERβ). However, the antimetastatic effect of the ERβ antagonist fulvestrant was still limited in NSCLC patients. Recently, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling was implicated in NSCLC metastasis. Our present study aimed to evaluate the synergistic antimetastatic effect of a combination of fulvestrant and the TLR4-specific inhibitor CLI-095 (TAK-242) on human NSCLC cells. METHODS The expression levels of ERβ and TLR4 were detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of 180 primary NSCLC and 30 corresponding metastatic lymph node samples. The association between ERβ and TLR4 expression was analyzed. The aggressiveness of NSCLC cells treated with fulvestrant, CLI-095 or the drug combination and formation status of their invadopodia, invasion-associated structures, were investigated. The protein levels in NSCLC cells in different groups were determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses. RESULTS Here, a positive correlation between ERβ and TLR4 expression was observed in both primary NSCLC tissue (Spearman's Rho correlation coefficient = 0.411, p < 0.001) and metastatic lymph node tissue (Spearman's Rho correlation coefficient = 0.374, p = 0.009). The protein levels of ERβ in NSCLC cell lines were decreased by fulvestrant, and this suppressive effect was significantly enhanced when fulvestrant was combined with CLI-095 (p < 0.05). Both the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells were suppressed by fulvestrant or CLI-095 alone, and the combination of fulvestrant + CLI-095 showed the strongest inhibitory effect (p < 0.05). In addition, the results demonstrated that CLI-095 also helped fulvestrant restrict the formation and function of invadopodia in NSCLC cells (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our study results suggested that CLI-095 enhances the antimetastatic effect of fulvestrant on NSCLC and provided support for further investigation of the antitumor activity of combined therapy with antiestrogen and anti-TLR4 agents in the clinic.
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Evaluation of surufatinib, an orally available VEGFR, FGFR1 and CSF-1R inhibitor, in combination with immune checkpoint blockade or chemotherapy in preclinical tumor models. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)31132-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lycopene protects myocardial ischemia injury through anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidative stress. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:3096-3104. [PMID: 31002159 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201904_17593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this research was to explore the protective effect of lycopene (Lyc) on myocardial ischemia injury through anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidative stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS 75 rats were divided into 5 groups: sham operation group (control group), model group, low-dose group (Lyc+2 mg/kg), medium-dose group (Lyc+4 mg/kg) and high-dose group (Lyc+6 mg/kg). The rat model of myocardial ischemia was established by a subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (85 mg/kg) for two consecutive days. Conventional HE staining and Masson staining were performed for pathological changes. Biochemical indicators were measured by the enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). Western blotting was used to measure the levels of related proteins in JNK/STAT signaling pathway. RESULTS Compared to control group, the levels of CK-MB, TC, and TGs were significantly increased in model group. The levels of CK-MB, TC, and TGs in each Lyc-administered group were decreased. After Lyc was administered, the SOD, CAT, GSH-Px activities and MDA content were all restored. The serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 in control group were significantly lower than in model group. When the Lyc was administered, the serum IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 levels in medium-dose group and high-dose group were significantly decreased. The levels of Bax/Bcl-2, Cyt-c, and Caspase-3 in model group were significantly higher than control group. Changes of Bax/Bcl-2, Cyt-c, and Caspase-3 in medium-dose and high-dose groups after the administration of Lyc were restored significantly. The levels of p-JNK/JNK, p-STAT1 (Tyr701)/STAT1, p-STAT1 (Ser727)/STAT1, p-STAT3 (Tyr705)/STAT3 were significantly increased, while p-STAT3 (Ser727)/STAT3 was significantly decreased. When Lyc was administered, the expression levels of p-JAK/JAK, p-STAT1 (Tyr701)/STAT1, p-STAT1 (Ser727)/STAT1, p-STAT3 (Tyr705)/STAT3 protein in medium-dose group and high-dose group were significantly decreased, and the expression level of p-STAT3 (Ser727)/STAT3 protein was significantly increased. CONCLUSIONS Lyc could show a protective effect on oxidative stress injury and anti-cardiomyocyte apoptosis of myocardial ischemia, and its possible mechanism was to attenuate the activation of JNK/ERK signaling pathway induced by myocardial injury.
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Advances of selenium migration and microbial transformation in the environment and the application of seleniumnanoparticles. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2020. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2020-0764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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1156O Surufatinib (S) for patients (Pts) with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (SANET-p): A randomized, double-blind, placebo (P)-controlled phase III trial (NCT02589821). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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A numerical study of spin torque oscillators based on IMA/PMA bilayer nano-pillars. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:345709. [PMID: 32392544 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab91f5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the magnetization dynamics of bilayer structured nano-pillars containing a fixed layer with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and a free layer with in-plane magnetic anisotropy (IMA) are studied using the micro-magnetic simulation method. Unlike typical sandwich-structured spin-torque nano-pillar oscillators (STNOs), the proposed structure does not contain any nonmagnetic spacer layer. It is found that a stable oscillation with a significant amplitude can be established fast after driving out the vortex core by an in-plane magnetic pulse field. The oscillation frequency and amplitude can be easily manipulated by adjusting the side-length of the nanopillar, the thickness and saturation magnetization of the IMA layer, and an applied magnetic field along z axis. In an array with an adequate inter-pillar distance, the mutual interaction between the nano-pillars will lead the oscillations to be phase-locked, resulting in a considerable enhancement of total amplitude. As it is easy to fabricate these kinds of bi-layer nano-pillars and assemble them in arrays, they may have widespread applications in STNOs.
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[Characteristics of selenium nanoparticles synthesized by cell-free supernatant Cupriavidus sp. SHE]. SHENG WU GONG CHENG XUE BAO = CHINESE JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 36:1162-1169. [PMID: 32597065 DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.190426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have been widely used in many fields such as nanotechnology, biomedicine and environmental remediation due to their good electrical conductivity, photothermal properties and anticancer properties. In this study, the cell-free supernatant, whole cell and the cell-free extracts of the strain Cupriavidus sp. SHE were used to synthesize SeNPs, and several methods were applied to analyze the crystal structure and surface functional groups of the nanoparticles. Finally, Pseudomonas sp. PI1 (G⁺) and Escherichia coli BL21 (G⁻) were selected to investigate the antibacterial properties of SeNPs. Cell-free supernatant, whole cell and cell-free extracts of the strain could synthesize SeNPs. As for the cell-free supernatant, selenite concentration of 5 mmol/L and pH=7 were favorable for the synthesis of SeNPs. TEM images show that the average size of nanospheres synthesized by the supernatant was 196 nm. XRD analysis indicates the hexagonal crystals structure of SeNPs. FTIR and SDS-PAGE confirmed the proteins bound to the surfaces of SeNPs. SeNPs synthesized by cell-free supernatant showed no antimicrobial activities against Pseudomonas sp. PI1 and Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). These results suggest that proteins played an important role in biotransformation of SeNPs in an eco-friendly process, and SeNPs synthesized in this study were non-toxic and biologically compatible, which might be applied in other fields in the future.
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Comparison of functional outcomes and health-related quality of life one year after treatment in patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer treated with three different reconstruction methods. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 58:759-765. [PMID: 32532572 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the functional outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of 117 patients (who had had primary operations for oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma) using the University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire version 4 (UW- QOL V4), European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire version 3 (EORTC QLQ-C30 v3) and Head and Neck version 1 (EORTC H&N35 v1). The patients were divided into groups according to the reconstruction techniques used: primary closure, submental island pedicled flap (SIPF), and radial forearm free flap (RFFF). Patients who had reconstruction with RFFF had better HRQoL as measured by swallowing, mastication, speaking, and overall score, than the primary closure group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the RFFF and SIPF groups in overall QOL one year postoperatively. The HRQoL of the SIPF group was also better than that of the primary closure group in terms of mastication, speaking, and loss of appetite. Swallowing, mastication, and speaking are major factors that affect the HRQoL of patients one year after operation for oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Flap reconstruction can improve patients' QoL postoperatively. They can regain their ability to speak and swallow through training, and the importance of this issue must be addressed postoperatively.
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Malignancy Following Heart Transplant: Few and Far Between. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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4:12 PM Abstract No. 164 The role of interventional radiology in the contemporary management of pediatric blunt splenic trauma: a National Trauma Data Bank analysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Expression of Aquaporin-1 in the Peritoneal Tissues: Localization and Regulation by Hyperosmolality. Perit Dial Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/089686080202200303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the localization of the aquaporin-1 (AQP1) water channel in peritoneal tissues and the effect of hyperosmolality on the peritoneal expression and function of AQP1.MethodsImmunohistochemical localization of AQP1 was identified in rat peritoneal tissues. Cultured rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) were exposed to hyperosmolality by adding 4% glucose to the culture medium. After 1 hour, 4 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours, AQP1 was identified by semiquantitative immunoblot and immunocytochemistry. Osmotic water permeability was measured using a light-scattering method.ResultsImmunohistochemistry of rat peritoneal tissues showed the presence of AQP1 in mesothelial cells, venular endothelial cells, and capillary endothelial cells, but not in arteriole and interstitial cells. Semiquantitative immunoblot revealed that exposure to hyperosmolality significantly increased AQP1 expression after 24 hours in whole RPMC lysates (3.3-fold at 24 hours and 3.9-fold at 48 hours). Consistent with the immunoblot, osmotic water permeability of RPMC was augmented 1.7-fold and 2.7-fold after 1 hour and 24 hours, respectively, in a hyperosmotic environment. In RPMC membrane fractions, AQP1 expression was significantly increased after 1 hour of exposure to hyperosmolality (3.9-fold at 1 hour, 7.1-fold at 4 hours, and 8.7-fold at 24 hours). Immunocytochemistry of RPMCs showed that AQP1 was gradually redistributed from the perinuclear area to the peripheral cytoplasm, and then to the plasma membrane after a 1-hour hyperosmotic challenge, suggesting hyperosmolality-induced translocation of AQP1. Upregulation of AQP1 was also observed in the omentum of rats loaded intraperitoneally with hyperosmotic dialysate every day for 10 weeks.ConclusionAQP1 is widely distributed in the peritoneal cavity and may provide the major aqueous pathway across the peritoneal barrier. In addition, our findings suggested that hyperosmolality increases AQP1-dependent water permeability in peritoneal tissues by regulating the translocation and synthesis of AQP1 protein.
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